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Aguchem RN, Okagu IU, Okorigwe EM, Uzoechina JO, Nnemolisa SC, Ezeorba TPC. Role of CETP, PCSK-9, and CYP7-alpha in cholesterol metabolism: Potential targets for natural products in managing hypercholesterolemia. Life Sci 2024; 351:122823. [PMID: 38866219 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of mortality worldwide, primarily affecting the heart and blood vessels, with atherosclerosis being a major contributing factor to their onset. Epidemiological and clinical studies have linked high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) emanating from distorted cholesterol homeostasis as its major predisposing factor. Cholesterol homeostasis, which involves maintaining the balance in body cholesterol level, is mediated by several proteins or receptors, transcription factors, and even genes, regulating cholesterol influx (through dietary intake or de novo synthesis) and efflux (by their conversion to bile acids). Previous knowledge about CVDs management has evolved around modulating these receptors' activities through synthetic small molecules/antibodies, with limited interest in natural products. The central roles of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), and cytochrome P450 family 7 subfamily A member 1 (CYP7A1), among other proteins or receptors, have fostered growing scientific interests in understanding more on their regulatory activities and potential as drug targets. We present up-to-date knowledge on the contributions of CETP, PCSK9, and CYP7A1 toward CVDs, highlighting the clinical successes and failures of small molecules/antibodies to modulate their activities. In recommendation for a new direction to improve cardiovascular health, we have presented recent findings on natural products (including functional food, plant extracts, phytochemicals, bioactive peptides, and therapeutic carbohydrates) that also modulate the activities of CETP, PCSK-9, and CYP7A1, and emphasized the need for more research efforts redirected toward unraveling more on natural products potentials even at clinical trial level for CVD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Ngozi Aguchem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria
| | - Innocent Uzochukwu Okagu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria
| | - Ekezie Matthew Okorigwe
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Notre Dame, 46556 Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - Jude Obiorah Uzoechina
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1068 Xueyuan Avenue, Shenzhen University Town, Shenzhen, PR China
| | | | - Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria; Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria; Department of Environmental Health and Risk Management, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
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Nazeri Z, Abdeveiszadeh N, Zarezade V, Azizidoost S, Cheraghzadeh M, Aberumand M, Kheirollah A. Investigating the Effect of Aspirin on apoAI-Induced ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 Protein Expression and Cholesterol Efflux in Human Astrocytes. Adv Biomed Res 2024; 13:16. [PMID: 38525390 PMCID: PMC10958728 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_417_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Neurons need a high amount of cholesterol to maintain the stability of their membrane-rich structures. Astrocytes synthesize and distribute cholesterol to neurons, and ABCA1 is a key mediator of cholesterol efflux to generate HDL for cholesterol transport in the brain. Several studies imply the effect of aspirin on ABCA1 expression in peripheral cells such as macrophages. Here, we compared the effect of aspirin with apoA-I on ABCA1 protein expression and cholesterol efflux in human astrocytes. Materials and Methods Human astrocytes were cultured, and the effects of aspirin on the expression and protein levels of ABCA1 were investigated through RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Additionally, the effect of co-treatment with apoA-I and aspirin on ABCA1 protein level and cholesterol efflux was evaluated. Results Dose and time-course experiments showed that the maximum effect of aspirin on ABCA1 expression occurred at a concentration of 0.5 mM after 12 h of incubation. RT-PCR and western blot data showed that aspirin upregulates ABCA1 expression by up to 4.7-fold and its protein level by 67%. Additionally, co-treatment with aspirin and apoA-I increased cholesterol release from astrocytes, indicating an additive effect of aspirin on apoAI-mediated cholesterol efflux. Conclusions The results suggest a potential role of aspirin in increasing ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux in astrocytes, similar to the effect of apoA-I. This indicates that aspirin could potentially regulate brain cholesterol balance and can be considered in certain neurological diseases, in particular in some neurological disorders related to cholesterol accumulation such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Nazeri
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Neda Abdeveiszadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Vahid Zarezade
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran
| | - Shirin Azizidoost
- Atherosclerosis Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Maryam Cheraghzadeh
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aberumand
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Alireza Kheirollah
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- 548-E Borwell Research Building, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH 03755, USA
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Guo Y, Tian W, Wang D, Yang L, Wang Z, Wu X, Zhi Y, Zhang K, Wang Y, Li Z, Jiang R, Sun G, Li G, Tian Y, Wang H, Kang X, Liu X, Li H. LncHLEF promotes hepatic lipid synthesis through miR-2188-3p/GATA6 axis and encoding peptides and enhances intramuscular fat deposition via exosome. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127061. [PMID: 37751822 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emergingly been implicated in mammalian lipid metabolism. However, their biological functions and regulatory mechanisms underlying adipogenesis remain largely elusive in chicken. Here, we systematically characterized the genome-wide full-length lncRNAs in the livers of pre- and peak-laying hens, and identified a novel intergenic lncRNA, lncHLEF, an RNA macromolecule with a calculated molecular weight of 433 kDa. lncHLEF was primarily distributed in cytoplasm of chicken hepatocyte and significantly up-regulated in livers of peak-laying hens. Functionally, lncHLEF could promote hepatocyte lipid droplet formation, triglycerides and total cholesterol contents. Mechanistically, lncHLEF could not only serve as a competitive endogenous RNA to modulate miR-2188-3p/GATA6 axis, but also encode three small functional polypeptides that directly interact with ACLY protein to enable its stabilization. Importantly, adeno-associated virus-mediated liver-specific lncHLEF overexpression resulted in increased hepatic lipid synthesis and intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition, but did not alter abdominal fat (AbF) deposition. Furthermore, hepatocyte lncHLEF could be delivered into intramuscular and abdominal preadipocytes via hepatocyte-secreted exosome to enhance intramuscular preadipocytes differentiation without altering abdominal preadipocytes differentiation. In conclusion, this study revealed that the lncHLEF could promote hepatic lipid synthesis through two independent regulatory mechanisms, and could enhance IMF deposition via hepatocyte-adipocyte communications mediated by exosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Weihua Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Liyu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yihao Zhi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yangyang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guirong Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hongjun Wang
- Center for Cellular Therapy, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Innovation and Utilization of Chicken Germplasm Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China; International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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Yang J, Lee R, Henning SM, Xing E, Huang J, Yang S, Garcia MC, Surampudi V, Heber D, Li Z. Concentrated Grape Powder Consumption Modulates Cholesterol Metabolism and Homeostasis in Healthy Subjects. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2300224. [PMID: 37672802 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Four weeks' of concentrated grape powder (GP) consumption reduces circulating cholesterol in healthy free-living subjects consuming a low-fiber/low-polyphenol diet. Here, the study aims to investigate the underlying mechanisms for cholesterol reduction by evaluating biomarkers of cholesterol de novo biosynthesis, intestinal absorption, miRNA involved in transcriptional regulation of cholesterol metabolism, as well as cholesterol oxidation. METHODS AND RESULTS Fasting plasma samples collected from 19 healthy free-living subjects at baseline and week 4 of GP consumption are used in this study. Gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) analysis of plasma samples shows that lathosterol, a precursor of cholesterol synthesis, is significantly decreased after GP consumption indicating reduced cholesterol de novo biosynthesis. Markers of intestinal absorption, campesterol, and β-sitosterol are not changed. Realtime PCR shows that plasma exosomal miRNA-1 is increased after GP consumption. GC-MS also shows that GP consumption reduces the plasma cholesterol oxidation product 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-HC). CONCLUSIONS This study enhances the understanding of the mechanisms of the cholesterol lowering effects of GP, and provides new insights into the potential health benefits of grape consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieping Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Rupo Lee
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Susanne M Henning
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Emily Xing
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Jianjun Huang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Scarlet Yang
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Michael C Garcia
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Vijaya Surampudi
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - David Heber
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
| | - Zhaoping Li
- Center for Human Nutrition, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 1083390095, USA
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Health Care System, Los Angeles, CA, 90073, USA
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5
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Chakraborty N, Holmes-Hampton GP, Gautam A, Kumar R, Hritzo B, Legesse B, Dimitrov G, Ghosh SP, Hammamieh R. Early to sustained impacts of lethal radiation on circulating miRNAs in a minipig model. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18496. [PMID: 37898651 PMCID: PMC10613244 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis of lethal radiation is imperative since its intervention time windows are considerably short. Hence, ideal diagnostic candidates of radiation should be easily accessible, enable to inform about the stress history and objectively triage subjects in a time-efficient manner. Therefore, the small molecules such as metabolites and microRNAs (miRNAs) from plasma are legitimate biomarker candidate for lethal radiation. Our objectives were to comprehend the radiation-driven molecular pathogenesis and thereby determine biomarkers of translational potential. We investigated an established minipig model of LD70/45 total body irradiation (TBI). In this pilot study, plasma was collected pre-TBI and at multiple time points post-TBI. The majority of differentially expressed miRNAs and metabolites were perturbed immediately after TBI that potentially underlined the severity of its acute impact. The integrative network analysis of miRNA and metabolites showed a cohesive response; the early and consistent perturbations of networks were linked to cancer and the shift in musculoskeletal atrophy synchronized with the comorbidity-networks associated with inflammation and bioenergy synthesis. Subsequent comparative pipeline delivered 92 miRNAs, which demonstrated sequential homology between human and minipig, and potentially similar responses to lethal radiation across these two species. This panel promised to retrospectively inform the time since the radiation occurred; thereby could facilitate knowledge-driven interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabarun Chakraborty
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Gregory P Holmes-Hampton
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Aarti Gautam
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Raina Kumar
- The Geneva Foundation, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Bernadette Hritzo
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - Betre Legesse
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA
| | - George Dimitrov
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
- The Geneva Foundation, US Army Center for Environmental Health Research, Fort Detrick, MD, 21702-5010, USA
| | - Sanchita P Ghosh
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, 20889, USA.
| | - Rasha Hammamieh
- Medical Readiness Systems Biology, CMPN, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
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6
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Liu Y, Wang P, Jin G, Shi P, Zhao Y, Guo J, Yin Y, Shao Q, Li P, Yang P. The novel function of bexarotene for neurological diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 90:102021. [PMID: 37495118 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Bexarotene, a retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist, is approved by FDA to treat cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. However, it has also demonstrated promising therapeutic potential for neurological diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, Parkinson's disease, and particularly Alzheimer's disease(AD). In AD, bexarotene inhibits the production and aggregation of amyloid β (Aβ), activates Liver X Receptor/RXR heterodimers to increase lipidated apolipoprotein E to remove Aβ, mitigates the negative impact of Aβ, regulates neuroinflammation, and ultimately improves cognitive function. For other neurological diseases, its mechanisms of action include inhibiting inflammatory responses, up-regulating microglial phagocytosis, and reducing misfolded protein aggregation, all of which aid in alleviating neurological damage. Here, we briefly discuss the characteristics, applications, and adverse effects of bexarotene, summarize its pharmacological mechanisms and therapeutic results in various neurological diseases, and elaborate on the problems encountered in preclinical research, with the aim of providing help for the further application of bexarotene in central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangtao Liu
- College of Pharamacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China; College of Third Clinical, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Pengwei Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Guofang Jin
- College of Pharamacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peijie Shi
- College of Pharamacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China; Xinxiang First People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yonghui Zhao
- Xinxiang First People's Hospital, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiayi Guo
- College of Pharamacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yaling Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury and Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qianhang Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharamacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China.
| | - Pengfei Yang
- College of Pharamacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China; Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang, China.
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Pimenta R, Mioshi CM, Gonçalves GL, Candido P, Camargo JA, Guimarães VR, Chiovatto C, Ghazarian V, Romão P, da Silva KS, Dos Santos GA, Silva IA, Srougi M, Nahas WC, Leite KR, Viana NI, Reis ST. Intratumoral Restoration of miR-137 Plus Cholesterol Favors Homeostasis of the miR-137/Coactivator p160/AR Axis and Negatively Modulates Tumor Progression in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119633. [PMID: 37298588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have gained a prominent role as biomarkers in prostate cancer (PCa). Our study aimed to evaluate the potential suppressive effect of miR-137 in a model of advanced PCa with and without diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. In vitro, PC-3 cells were treated with 50 pmol of mimic miR-137 for 24 h, and gene and protein expression levels of SRC-1, SRC-2, SRC-3, and AR were evaluated by qPCR and immunofluorescence. We also assessed migration rate, invasion, colony-forming ability, and flow cytometry assays (apoptosis and cell cycle) after 24 h of miRNA treatment. For in vivo experiments, 16 male NOD/SCID mice were used to evaluate the effect of restoring miR-137 expression together with cholesterol. The animals were fed a standard (SD) or hypercholesterolemic (HCOL) diet for 21 days. After this, we xenografted PC-3 LUC-MC6 cells into their subcutaneous tissue. Tumor volume and bioluminescence intensity were measured weekly. After the tumors reached 50 mm3, we started intratumor treatments with a miR-137 mimic, at a dose of 6 μg weekly for four weeks. Ultimately, the animals were killed, and the xenografts were resected and analyzed for gene and protein expression. The animals' serum was collected to evaluate the lipid profile. The in vitro results showed that miR-137 could inhibit the transcription and translation of the p160 family, SRC-1, SRC-2, and SRC-3, and indirectly reduce the expression of AR. After these analyses, it was determined that increased miR-137 inhibits cell migration and invasion and impacts reduced proliferation and increased apoptosis rates. The in vivo results demonstrated that tumor growth was arrested after the intratumoral restoration of miR-137, and proliferation levels were reduced in the SD and HCOL groups. Interestingly, the tumor growth retention response was more significant in the HCOL group. We conclude that miR-137 is a potential therapeutic miRNA that, in association with androgen precursors, can restore and reinstate the AR-mediated axis of transcription and transactivation of androgenic pathway homeostasis. Further studies involving the miR-137/coregulator/AR/cholesterol axis should be conducted to evaluate this miR in a clinical context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruan Pimenta
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (ID'Or), São Paulo 04501000, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Mie Mioshi
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Santo André, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210580, SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Renal Physiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508000, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Candido
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana A Camargo
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa R Guimarães
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Caroline Chiovatto
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Ipiranga, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo 04263200, SP, Brazil
| | - Vitória Ghazarian
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Poliana Romão
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Karina Serafim da Silva
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Ipiranga, Centro Universitário São Camilo, São Paulo 04263200, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriel A Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Iran A Silva
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Miguel Srougi
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- D'Or Institute for Research and Education (ID'Or), São Paulo 04501000, SP, Brazil
| | - William C Nahas
- Uro-Oncology Group, Urology Department, Institute of Cancer Estate of São Paulo (ICESP), São Paulo 01246000, SP, Brazil
| | - Kátia R Leite
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
| | - Nayara I Viana
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
- Campus Passos, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais-UEMG, Passos 37900106, MG, Brazil
| | - Sabrina T Reis
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica 55 (LIM55), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 01246903, SP, Brazil
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8
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Xia W, Fang X, Gao Y, Wu W, Han Y, Liu R, Yang H, Chen H, Gao H. Advances of stable isotope technology in food safety analysis and nutrient metabolism research. Food Chem 2023; 408:135191. [PMID: 36527919 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Food quality, safety, and the regulatory metabolism of food nutrients in cells are primary factors in determining human health. However, residues of undesirable or hazardous compounds in food products and dysregulation in the nutrient metabolism inevitably occur occasionally. For years, chromatography-mass spectrometry technology has been recognized as an essential research tool in food analysis and nutrient metabolism research, and it is more accurate and robust when coupled with stable isotopes. In this study, we summarize the applications of stable isotope technology in the quantification of contaminant residues (pesticides, veterinary drugs, mycotoxins, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and other hazardous compounds) in foods and in the nutrients (glucose, lipids, amino acids and proteins) metabolism research. The aim of this review was to serve as a reference for providing effective analysis techniques for protecting food quality and human health, and to pave the way for the broader application of stable isotope technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xiangjun Fang
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Weijie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Yanchao Han
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Ruiling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Hailong Yang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Hangjun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China.
| | - Haiyan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handing of Fruits, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology Research of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Postharvest Preservation and Processing of Fruits and Vegetables, China National Light Industry, Food Science Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, China.
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9
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Marroncini G, Anceschi C, Naldi L, Fibbi B, Brogi M, Lanzilao L, Fanelli A, Maggi M, Peri A. Hyponatremia-related liver steatofibrosis and impaired spermatogenesis: evidence from a mouse model of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:967-983. [PMID: 36436190 PMCID: PMC10105679 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01962-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyponatremia is the most frequent electrolytic disorder in clinical practice. In addition to neurological symptoms, hyponatremia, even when mild/moderate and chronic, has been related to other manifestations, such as bone demineralization and increased risk of fractures. To better elucidate tissue alterations associated with reduced serum sodium concentration [Na+], we developed an in vivo model of hyponatremia secondary to the Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuresis. METHODS AND RESULTS Hyponatremia was induced in Foxn1nu/nu mice by subcutaneous infusion of the vasopressin analog 1-deamino [8-D-arginine] vasopressin (dDAVP) for 14 days via osmotic mini-pumps. Mice in the control group were infused with isotonic saline solution. Serum [Na+] progressively decreased, with a nadir of 123.4 ± 2.3 mEq/L (mean ± SD, dDAVP 0.3 ng/h) and 111.6 ± 4.7 mEq/L (mean ± SD, dDAVP 0.5 ng/h). Evident signs of liver steatofibrosis were observed at histology in hyponatremic mice. Accordingly, the expression of proteins involved in lipid metabolism (SREBP-1, PPARα and PPARγ) and in myofibroblast formation (αSMA and CTGF) significantly increased. Furthermore, heme oxygenase 1 expression was up-regulated in Kupffer and hepatic stellate cells in the liver of hyponatremic mice. Testis alterations were also observed. In particular, the thickness of the seminiferous epithelium appeared reduced. The expression levels of PCNA and PTMA, which are involved in DNA replication and germ cells maturation, were markedly reduced in the testis of hyponatremic mice. CONCLUSION Overall, these findings shed new light on the possible consequences of chronic hyponatremia and prompt a more thorough evaluation of hyponatremic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Marroncini
- Pituitary Diseases and Sodium Alterations Unit, AOU Careggi, 50139, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, AOU Careggi, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - C Anceschi
- Pituitary Diseases and Sodium Alterations Unit, AOU Careggi, 50139, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, AOU Careggi, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - L Naldi
- Pituitary Diseases and Sodium Alterations Unit, AOU Careggi, 50139, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, AOU Careggi, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - B Fibbi
- Pituitary Diseases and Sodium Alterations Unit, AOU Careggi, 50139, Florence, Italy
- Endocrinology, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - M Brogi
- Central Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - L Lanzilao
- Central Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - A Fanelli
- Central Laboratory, Careggi University Hospital, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - M Maggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, AOU Careggi, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
- Endocrinology, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - A Peri
- Pituitary Diseases and Sodium Alterations Unit, AOU Careggi, 50139, Florence, Italy.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, AOU Careggi, Viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
- Endocrinology, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Careggi University Hospital, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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10
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Kim SH, Son GH, Seok JY, Chun SK, Yun H, Jang J, Suh YG, Kim K, Jung JW, Chung S. Identification of a novel class of cortisol biosynthesis inhibitors and its implications in a therapeutic strategy for hypercortisolism. Life Sci 2023; 325:121744. [PMID: 37127185 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Dysregulation of adrenocortical steroid (corticosteroids) biosynthesis leads to pathological conditions such as Cushing's syndrome. Although several classes of steroid biosynthesis inhibitors have been developed to treat cortisol overproduction, limitations such as insufficient efficacy, adverse effects, and/or tolerability still remain. The present study aimed to develop a new class of small molecules that inhibit cortisol production, and investigated their putative modes of action. MAIN METHODS We screened an in-house chemical library with drug-like chemical scaffolds using human adrenocortical NCI-H295R cells. We then evaluated and validated the effects of the selected compounds at multiple regulatory steps of the adrenal steroidogenic pathway. Finally, genome-wide RNA expression analysis coupled with gene enrichment analysis was conducted to infer possible action mechanisms. KEY FINDINGS A subset of benzimidazolylurea derivatives, including a representative compound (designated as CJ28), inhibited both basal and stimulated production of cortisol and related intermediate steroids. CJ28 attenuated the mRNA expression of multiple genes involved in steroidogenesis and cholesterol biosynthesis. Furthermore, CJ28 significantly attenuated de novo cholesterol biosynthesis, which contributed to its suppression of cortisol production. SIGNIFICANCE We identified a novel chemical scaffold that exerts inhibitory effects on cortisol and cholesterol biosynthesis via coordinated transcriptional silencing of gene expression networks. Our findings also reveal an additional adrenal-directed pharmacological strategy for hypercortisolism involving a combination of inhibitors targeting steroidogenesis and de novo cholesterol biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hyun Kim
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Hoon Son
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Legal Medicine, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Young Seok
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Kook Chun
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Hwayoung Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebong Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ger Suh
- College of Pharmacy, CHA University, Pocheon 11160, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungjin Kim
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Wha Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sooyoung Chung
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Scranton College, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Morales C, Arias-Carrasco R, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Seron P, Lanas F, Salazar LA, Saavedra N. Differences in Bacterial Small RNAs in Stool Samples from Hypercholesterolemic and Normocholesterolemic Subjects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087213. [PMID: 37108373 PMCID: PMC10138442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol metabolism is important at the physiological level as well as in several diseases, with small RNA being an element to consider in terms of its epigenetic control. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify differences between bacterial small RNAs present at the gut level in hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic individuals. Twenty stool samples were collected from hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic subjects. RNA extraction and small RNA sequencing were performed, followed by bioinformatics analyses with BrumiR, Bowtie 2, BLASTn, DESeq2, and IntaRNA, after the filtering of the reads with fastp. In addition, the prediction of secondary structures was obtained with RNAfold WebServer. Most of the small RNAs were of bacterial origin and presented a greater number of readings in normocholesterolemic participants. The upregulation of small RNA ID 2909606 associated with Coprococcus eutactus (family Lachnospiraceae) was presented in hypercholesterolemic subjects. In addition, a positive correlation was established between small RNA ID 2149569 from the species Blautia wexlerae and hypercholesterolemic subjects. Other bacterial and archaeal small RNAs that interacted with the LDL receptor (LDLR) were identified. For these sequences, the prediction of secondary structures was also obtained. There were significant differences in bacterial small RNAs associated with cholesterol metabolism in hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Morales
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenética, Núcleo Científico-Tecnológico en Biorecursos BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Temuco 4801076, Chile
| | - Raul Arias-Carrasco
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8330378, Chile
| | - Vinicius Maracaja-Coutinho
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases-ACCDiS, Facultad de Química y Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380494, Chile
| | - Pamela Seron
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Rehabilitación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781151, Chile
| | - Fernando Lanas
- Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4781151, Chile
| | - Luis A Salazar
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenética, Núcleo Científico-Tecnológico en Biorecursos BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
| | - Nicolás Saavedra
- Centro de Biología Molecular y Farmacogenética, Núcleo Científico-Tecnológico en Biorecursos BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco 4811230, Chile
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12
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Krapf SA, Lund J, Bakke HG, Nyman TA, Bartesaghi S, Peng XR, Rustan AC, Thoresen GH, Kase ET. SENP2 knockdown in human adipocytes reduces glucose metabolism and lipid accumulation, while increases lipid oxidation. Metabol Open 2023; 18:100234. [PMID: 37013149 PMCID: PMC10066554 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue is one of the main regulative sites for energy metabolism. Excess lipid storage and expansion of white adipose tissue (WAT) is the primary contributor to obesity, a strong predisposing factor for development of insulin resistance. Sentrin-specific protease (SENP) 2 has been shown to play a role in metabolism in murine fat and skeletal muscle cells, and we have previously demonstrated its role in energy metabolism of human skeletal muscle cells. In the present work, we have investigated the impact of SENP2 on fatty acid and glucose metabolism in primary human fat cells by using cultured primary human adipocytes to knock down the SENP2 gene. Glucose uptake and oxidation, as well as accumulation and distribution of oleic acid into complex lipids were decreased, while oleic acid oxidation was increased in SENP2-knockdown cells compared to control adipocytes. Furthermore, lipogenesis was reduced by SENP2-knockdown in adipocytes. Although TAG accumulation relative to total uptake was unchanged, there was increased mRNA expression of metabolically relevant genes such as UCP1 and PPARGC1A and mRNA and proteomic data revealed increased levels of mRNA and proteins related to mitochondrial function by SENP2-knockdown. In conclusion, SENP2 is an important regulator of energy metabolism in primary human adipocytes and its knockdown reduce glucose metabolism and lipid accumulation, while increasing lipid oxidation in human adipocytes.
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13
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Rosenhouse-Dantsker A, Gazgalis D, Logothetis DE. PI(4,5)P 2 and Cholesterol: Synthesis, Regulation, and Functions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1422:3-59. [PMID: 36988876 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21547-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) is the most abundant membrane phosphoinositide and cholesterol is an essential component of the plasma membrane (PM). Both lipids play key roles in a variety of cellular functions including as signaling molecules and major regulators of protein function. This chapter provides an overview of these two important lipids. Starting from a brief description of their structure, synthesis, and regulation, the chapter continues to describe the primary functions and signaling processes in which PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol are involved. While PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol can act independently, they often act in concert or affect each other's impact. The chapters in this volume on "Cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 in Vital Biological Functions: From Coexistence to Crosstalk" focus on the emerging relationship between cholesterol and PI(4,5)P2 in a variety of biological systems and processes. In this chapter, the next section provides examples from the ion channel field demonstrating that PI(4,5)P2 and cholesterol can act via common mechanisms. The chapter ends with a discussion of future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dimitris Gazgalis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Diomedes E Logothetis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Su X, Chen X, Wang B. Relationship between the development of hyperlipidemia in hypothyroidism patients. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11025-11035. [PMID: 36097119 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07423-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
As shown in the previous studies, hypothyroidism (HT) is identified to be closely associated with the elevated plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and with the decreased plasma levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). On the other hand, the thyroid hormone (TH), which has been considered as a vital hormone produced and released by the thyroid gland, are well-established to regulate the metabolism of plasma TC; whereas other evidence proposed that the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) also regulated the plasma cholesterol metabolism independently of the TH, which further promotes the progression of hyperlipidemia. Nevertheless, the potential mechanism is still not illustrated. It is worth noting that several studies has found that the progression of HT-induced hyperlipidemia might be associated with the down-regulated plasma levels of TH and the up-regulated plasma levels of TSH, revealing that HT could promote hyperlipidemia and its related cardio-metabolic disorders. Otherwise, multiple novel identified plasma proteins, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), angiopoietin-like protein (ANGPTLs), and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), have also been demonstrated to embrace a vital function in modulating the progression of hyperlipidemia induced by HT. In the present comprehensive review, the recent findings which elucidated the association of HT and the progression of hyperlipidemia were summarized. Furthermore, other results which illustrated the underlying mechanisms by which HT facilitates the progression of hyperlipidemia and its cardio-metabolic disorders are also listed in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, 361000, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, 361000, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital of Xiamen University, No. 2999 Jinshan Road, 361000, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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15
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Fanalli SL, da Silva BPM, Gomes JD, Ciconello FN, de Almeida VV, Freitas FAO, Moreira GCM, Silva-Vignato B, Afonso J, Reecy J, Koltes J, Koltes D, Regitano LCA, de Carvalho Baileiro JC, Freitas L, Coutinho LL, Fukumasu H, de Alencar SM, Luchiari Filho A, Cesar ASM. Effect of dietary soybean oil inclusion on liver-related transcription factors in a pig model for metabolic diseases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:10318. [PMID: 35725871 PMCID: PMC9209463 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14069-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids (FA) are components of the lipids, which contribute to membrane structure, energy input, and biological functions related to cellular signaling and transcriptome regulation. However, the consumers still associate dietary FA with fat deposition and increased occurrence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and atherosclerosis. Previous studies already demonstrated that some fatty acids are linked with inflammatory response, preventing metabolic diseases. To better understand the role of dietary FA on metabolic diseases, for the first time, a study to identify key transcription factors (TF) involved in lipid metabolism and inflammatory response by transcriptome analysis from liver samples of animal models was performed. The key TF were identified by functional enrichment analysis from the list of differentially expressed genes identified in liver samples between 35 pigs fed with 1.5% or 3.0% soybean oil. The functional enrichment analysis detected TF linked to lipid homeostasis and inflammatory response, such as RXRA, EGFR, and SREBP2 precursor. These findings demonstrated that key TF related to lipid metabolism could be modulated by dietary inclusion of soybean oil. It could contribute to nutrigenomics research field that aims to elucidate dietary interventions in animal and human health, as well as to drive food technology and science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simara Larissa Fanalli
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Avenue Duque de Caxias Norte 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Bruna Pereira Martins da Silva
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Avenue Duque de Caxias Norte 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Julia Dezen Gomes
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Nery Ciconello
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Vivian Vezzoni de Almeida
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Nova Veneza, km 8, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, Goiás, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe André Oliveira Freitas
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Costa Monteiro Moreira
- University of Liège, GIGA Medical Genomics, Unit of Animal Genomics, Quartier Hôpital, Avenue de l'Hôpital, 11, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bárbara Silva-Vignato
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Juliana Afonso
- Embrapa Pecuária Sudeste, Km 234 s/nº, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - James Reecy
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, 1221, Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011-3150, USA
| | - James Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, 1221, Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011-3150, USA
| | - Dawn Koltes
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, 1221, Kildee Hall, Ames, IA, 50011-3150, USA
| | | | - Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Baileiro
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Duque de Caxias Norte, 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13.635-900, Brazil
| | - Luciana Freitas
- DB Genética de Suínos, Avenue Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, 2094, Patos de Minas, MG, 38.706-000, Brazil
| | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Avenue Duque de Caxias Norte 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Albino Luchiari Filho
- Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Mello Cesar
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Campus Fernando Costa, Avenue Duque de Caxias Norte 225, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil. .,Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Avenue Pádua Dias 11, Piracicaba, São Paulo, 13418-900, Brazil.
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16
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Liu P, Chen G, Zhang J. A Review of Liposomes as a Drug Delivery System: Current Status of Approved Products, Regulatory Environments, and Future Perspectives. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27041372. [PMID: 35209162 PMCID: PMC8879473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 128.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes have been considered promising and versatile drug vesicles. Compared with traditional drug delivery systems, liposomes exhibit better properties, including site-targeting, sustained or controlled release, protection of drugs from degradation and clearance, superior therapeutic effects, and lower toxic side effects. Given these merits, several liposomal drug products have been successfully approved and used in clinics over the last couple of decades. In this review, the liposomal drug products approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) are discussed. Based on the published approval package in the FDA and European public assessment report (EPAR) in EMA, the critical chemistry information and mature pharmaceutical technologies applied in the marketed liposomal products, including the lipid excipient, manufacturing methods, nanosizing technique, drug loading methods, as well as critical quality attributions (CQAs) of products, are introduced. Additionally, the current regulatory guidance and future perspectives related to liposomal products are summarized. This knowledge can be used for research and development of the liposomal drug candidates under various pipelines, including the laboratory bench, pilot plant, and commercial manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-1332-1952-664 (P.L.); +86-1891-7601-368 (J.Z.)
| | | | - Jingchen Zhang
- Correspondence: (P.L.); (J.Z.); Tel.: +86-1332-1952-664 (P.L.); +86-1891-7601-368 (J.Z.)
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17
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Hyperlipidemia and hypothyroidism. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 527:61-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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