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Surman M, Wilczak M, Jankowska U, Skupień-Rabian B, Przybyło M. Shotgun proteomics of thyroid carcinoma exosomes - Insight into the role of exosomal proteins in carcinogenesis and thyroid homeostasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130672. [PMID: 39025337 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2024.130672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transport of molecules via exosomes is one of the factors involved in thyroid cancer development, and transported molecules may serve as cancer biomarkers. The aim of the study was to characterize protein content of thyroid-derived exosomes and their functional effect exerted on recipient cells. METHODS LC-MS/MS proteomics of exosomes released by FTC and 8305C thyroid carcinoma cell lines, and Nthy-ori 3-1 normal thyroid follicular cells was performed, followed by bioinformatic analysis and functional tests (wound healing and Alamar Blue assays). RESULTS Exosomes from Nthy-ori 3-1 cells had the highest number of 1504 proteins, while in exosomes from thyroid carcinoma FTC and 8305C cells 730 and 1304 proteins were identified, respectively. For proteins uniquely found in FTC- and 8305C-derived exosomes, enriched cancer-related gene ontology categories included cell adhesion, positive regulation of cell migration, N-glycosylation, drug resistance, and response to NK/T cell cytotoxicity. Furthermore, through label-free quantification (that identified differentially expressed proteins) and comparison with The Human Protein Atlas database several potential diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers were indicated. Finally, exosomes from FTC and 8305C cells displayed ability to stimulate migratory properties of recipient Nthy-ori 3-1 cells. Additionally, 8305C-derived exosomes increased recipient cell viability. CONCLUSIONS Multiple proteins identified in thyroid cancer-derived exosomes have a direct link to thyroid cancer progression. Also, in functional tests exosomes enhanced growth and dissemination of non-transformed thyroid cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The obtained results expands the knowledge concerning the role of exosomal proteins in thyroid cancer and indicate potential biomarkers for further evaluation in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Surman
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Wilczak
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Urszula Jankowska
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Bożena Skupień-Rabian
- Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Przybyło
- Department of Glycoconjugate Biochemistry, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland.
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Abiri B, Ahmadi AR, Valizadeh A, Abbaspour F, Valizadeh M, Hedayati M. Obesity and thyroid cancer: unraveling the connection through a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2024; 23:461-474. [PMID: 38932807 PMCID: PMC11196530 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-024-01425-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Background The relationship between adiposity indicators and thyroid cancer (TC) risk has garnered increasing attention due to the rising prevalence of obesity and its potential impact on cancer incidence. We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis to investigate this association across various effect measures. Method Until July 2022, a comprehensive search of databases was conducted to identify cohort studies that assessed the association between adiposity and the development of TC. Meta-analysis was performed using random effects models. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed using Begg's tests. Results A systematic literature search identified 27 eligible studies reporting odds ratios (OR), relative risks (RR), or hazard ratios (HR) as effect measures. Pooling the studies irrespective of the effect measure, a significant positive association between adiposity indicators and TC risk was observed, yielding an effect estimate of 1.16 (95% CI 1.12-1.21). The combined effect estimate for OR/RR studies was 1.10 (95%CI 1.04-1.17), while HR studies yielded an effect estimate of 1.20 (95%CI 1.13-1.26). Subgroup analyses revealed associations across different age groups, obesity indices, and regions, with some variations based on effect measure. Meta-regression identified follow-up duration as a confounding factor only in HR studies. Conclusion The synthesis of 27 studies with diverse designs and populations underscores a robust positive association between adiposity and TC risk, providing compelling evidence for the potential role of increased adiposity in TC development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40200-024-01425-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnaz Abiri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Valizadeh
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faeze Abbaspour
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Valizadeh
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Cellular and Molecular Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kim HR, Son M, Huh SJ, Moon SY, Moon H, Kang YW, Koh M, Lee JY. Relationship between METS-IR and thyroid cancer incidence in Korea: a nationwide population-based study. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1383864. [PMID: 38665956 PMCID: PMC11044182 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1383864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Several previous studies found a positive relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and thyroid cancer (TC) risk. However, there is no research that has studied the relationship between the metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), a novel surrogate marker for IR, and TC incidence. Thus, we designed this retrospective cohort study to evaluate the relationship between the incidence of TC and METS-IR. Method We analyzed a cohort of 314,321 Korean adults aged over 40 years who participated in the National Health Screening Program from 2009 to 2010. The individuals were divided into four groups based on METS-IR quartiles. Follow-up was until the diagnosis of TC or death, or until December 31, 2019, if neither. The relationship between METS-IR and TC incidence was analyzed using the Cox proportional-hazards model with multi-variable adjustments. Results A total of 4,137 participants (1.3%) were diagnosed with TC during a mean follow-up of 9.5 ± 1.5 years. The population with Q1 METS-IR scores showed higher disease-free probabilities than those with Q4 METS-IR scores (p <0.001). The hazard ratio (95% confidential interval) for TC incidence in Q2, Q3, and Q4 METS-IR value were 1.14 (1.05 to 1.25), 1.21 (1.11 to 1.33), and 1.30 (1.18 to 1.42) compared with Q1 of METS-IR, respectively. The incidence of TC tended to increase with increasing METS-IR values in the total population, especially the male population in the restricted cubic spline. In subgroup analysis, the TC risk was more pronounced in the subgroups under 65 and with a BMI < 25 kg/m2. Conclusion METS-IR was positively correlated with TC incidence in Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ryeon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Minkook Son
- Department of Physiology, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Data Sciences Convergence, Dong-A University Interdisciplinary Program, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Jae Huh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yi Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyeon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yeongdo Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeo Wool Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeongseok Koh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yoon Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
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Alqahtani SM, Rayzah M, Shaik RA, Alzahrani MK, Alalawi Y, Alnefaie S, Ahmad MS. Gauging the Awareness of Physicians in Saudi Arabia Regarding Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer. Cureus 2024; 16:e53747. [PMID: 38465048 PMCID: PMC10921024 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of obesity and thyroid cancer (TC) is increasing worldwide, and obesity is a risk factor for TC. Objectives This study aimed to elucidate physicians' awareness of obesity as a risk factor for TC. Materials and methods A cross-sectional, self-report online questionnaire was distributed to physicians in all regions of Saudi Arabia. The questionnaire comprised sociodemographic data and questions concerning the risk factors for TC, including obesity. Results A total of 310 physicians participated in this study. Of the respondents, 35.8% (n = 111) were aged 30-40 years, 40.6% (n = 126) were board certified, and 52.3% (n = 162) had >10 years of experience. Only 36.8% (n = 114) of respondents were familiar with the relationship between obesity and TC risk (P < 0.001). In terms of knowledge of obesity as a risk factor for TC, a significant difference was observed for the following sociodemographic characteristics: sex, educational attainment, and years of experience. A significant difference was also observed with awareness of other risk factors for TC. Conclusions In light of the limited awareness of the correlation between obesity and TC, the most effective approach to address these misconceptions would be to implement diverse and ongoing medical education initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad M Alqahtani
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, SAU
| | - Musaed Rayzah
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, SAU
| | - Riyaz A Shaik
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, SAU
| | - Mansour K Alzahrani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, SAU
| | - Yousef Alalawi
- Department of Surgery, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | - Sahar Alnefaie
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| | - Mohammad S Ahmad
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah, SAU
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Lee J, Jeong S, Lee HY, Park S, Jeong M, Jo YS. Comparative Analysis of Driver Mutations and Transcriptomes in Papillary Thyroid Cancer by Region of Residence in South Korea. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:720-729. [PMID: 37931624 PMCID: PMC10764997 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.1758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGRUOUND Radiation exposure is a well-known risk factor for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). South Korea has 24 nuclear reactors in operation; however, no molecular biological analysis has been performed on patients with PTC living near nuclear power plants. METHODS We retrospectively included patients with PTC (n=512) divided into three groups according to their place of residence at the time of operation: inland areas (n=300), coastal areas far from nuclear power plants (n=134), and nuclear power plant areas (n=78). After propensity score matching (1:1:1) by age, sex, and surgical procedure, the frequency of representative driver mutations and gene expression profiles were compared (n=50 per group). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), BRAF, thyroid differentiation, and radiation scores were calculated and compared. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in clinicopathological characteristics, including radiation exposure history and the frequency of incidentally discovered thyroid cancer, among the three groups. BRAFV600E mutation was most frequently detected in the groups, with no difference among the three groups. Furthermore, gene expression profiles showed no statistically significant difference. EMT and BRAF scores were higher in our cohort than in cohorts from Chernobyl tissue bank and The Cancer Genome Atlas Thyroid Cancer; however, there was no difference according to the place of residence. Radiation scores were highest in the Chernobyl tissue bank but exhibited no difference according to the place of residence. CONCLUSION Differences in clinicopathological characteristics, frequency of representative driver mutations, and gene expression profiles were not observed according to patients' region of residence in South Korea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jandee Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonhyang Jeong
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunmi Park
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Meesson Jeong
- Radiation Effect Research Section, Radiation Health Institute, Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd., Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Sørensen SM, Urbute A, Frederiksen K, Kjaer SK. Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Risk of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study of More than 440,000 Danish Women. Thyroid 2023; 33:365-372. [PMID: 36173097 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2022.0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: High body mass index (BMI) has previously been associated with increased risk of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC); however, only few studies have investigated the association with BMI in a large cohort assessed at a young age and with sufficient data on confounding factors. We assessed the association between excess body weight and the risk of DTC and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in a large cohort of young Danish women with substantial confounder control. Methods: We included all parous Danish women registered with a prepregnancy BMI ≥18.5 kg/m2 during 2004-2016 in the Danish Medical Birth Registry in the study population. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) with confidence intervals (CIs) of DTC according to BMI. In subanalyses, we investigated PTC as a separate group. Analyses were adjusted for calendar time, education, smoking status, benign thyroid disease (BTD), type II diabetes, parity, and oral contraceptive use. In addition, we examined the association with increasing BMI stratified for previous BTD. Results: A total of 443,403 women were included in the study population, and the median age at baseline was 30.0 years. Altogether, 463 women were diagnosed with DTC during follow-up. Excess body weight was associated with a higher rate of DTC (overweight, BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2: HR = 1.54; CI 1.25-1.90. Obese, BMI ≥30 kg/m2: HR = 1.32; CI 1.00-1.75) compared with normal weight. Results were similar in PTC. In addition, we found an increased rate of DTC with increasing BMI, when investigating BMI as a continuous variable per 5 kg/m2 increase (HR = 1.17; CI 1.07-1.27). The results were similar in women without previous BTD. Conclusions: Our study confirms that excess body weight is associated with an increased incidence of DTC and PTC in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Sørensen
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aivara Urbute
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Frederiksen
- Unit of Statistics and Data Analysis, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susanne K Kjaer
- Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Gynecology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Li LR, Song JL, Liu HQ, Chen C. Metabolic syndrome and thyroid Cancer: risk, prognosis, and mechanism. Discov Oncol 2023; 14:23. [PMID: 36811728 PMCID: PMC9947216 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing incidence of thyroid cancer (TC) cannot be fully explained by overdiagnosis. Metabolic syndrome (Met S) is highly prevalent due to the modern lifestyle, which can lead to the development of tumors. This review expounds on the relationship between Met S and TC risk, prognosis and its possible biological mechanism. Met S and its components were associated with an increased risk and aggressiveness of TC, and there were gender differences in most studies. Abnormal metabolism places the body in a state of chronic inflammation for a long time, and thyroid-stimulating hormones may initiate tumorigenesis. Insulin resistance has a central role assisted by adipokines, angiotensin II, and estrogen. Together, these factors contribute to the progression of TC. Therefore, direct predictors of metabolic disorders (e.g., central obesity, insulin resistance and apolipoprotein levels) are expected to become new markers for diagnosis and prognosis. cAMP, insulin-like growth factor axis, angiotensin II, and AMPK-related signaling pathways could provide new targets for TC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Rui Li
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jieang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jun-Long Song
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jieang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Han-Qing Liu
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jieang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chuang Chen
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 238 Jieang Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, PR China.
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Cho SW, Kim JH, Choi HS, Ahn HY, Kim MK, Rhee EJ. Big Data Research in the Field of Endocrine Diseases Using the Korean National Health Information Database. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2023; 38:10-24. [PMID: 36758542 PMCID: PMC10008661 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2023.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The Korean National Health Information Database (NHID) contains big data combining information obtained from the National Health Insurance Service and health examinations. Data are provided in the form of a cohort, and the NHID can be used to conduct longitudinal studies and research on rare diseases. Moreover, data on the cause and date of death are provided by Statistics Korea. Research and publications based on the NHID have increased explosively in the field of endocrine disorders. However, because the data were not collected for research purposes, studies using the NHID have limitations, particularly the need for the operational definition of diseases. In this review, we describe the characteristics of the Korean NHID, operational definitions of endocrine diseases used for research, and an overview of recent studies in endocrinology using the Korean NHID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Hee Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Seok Choi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mee Kyoung Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Korea
| | - Eun Jung Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Dong Z, Liu W, Su F, Cheng R. Association of Body Mass Index With Clinicopathological Features of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Retrospective Study. Endocr Pract 2023; 29:83-88. [PMID: 36481471 DOI: 10.1016/j.eprac.2022.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the effect of body mass index (BMI) on clinicopathological features of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS The clinical data of 4476 patients with PTC who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. According to the different BMI of patients, it can be divided into underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5 ≤ BMI < 24.0 kg/m2), overweight (24 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2). Spearman correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between the BMI and the size of PTC tumor. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the association of overweight and obesity with clinicopathological features of PTC. RESULTS There was a positive correlation between the BMI and PTC tumor size (r = 0.087, P < .001). As compared with normal weight patients with PTC, overweight and obese patients with PTC had a greater risk of bilaterality (odds ratio [OR] = 1.295, OR = 1.669), multifocality (OR = 1.273, OR = 1.617), extrathyroidal extension (OR = 1.560, OR = 2.477), T (3 + 4) stage (OR = 1.482, OR = 2.392), and recurrence risk (intermediate-high risk) (OR = 1.215, OR = 1.718) (P < .05 for all). As compared with normal weight patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC), overweight and obese patients with PTMC had a greater risk of bilaterality (OR = 1.341, OR = 1.737), multifocality (OR = 1.244, OR = 1.640), extrathyroidal extension (OR = 1.992, OR = 2.080), T (3 + 4) stage (OR = 1898, OR = 2.039), and recurrence risk (intermediate-high risk) (OR = 1.458, OR = 1.536) (P < .05 for all). CONCLUSION Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with aggressive clinicopathological features of PTC and PTMC. The impact of overweight and obesity should be considered when choosing treatment decisions for PTC and PTMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhong Dong
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Clinical Research Center for Thyroid Diseases of Yunnan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Clinical Research Center for Thyroid Diseases of Yunnan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Feng Su
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ruochuan Cheng
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, Clinical Research Center for Thyroid Diseases of Yunnan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.
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Pidchenko N. Thyroid gland cancer and insulin resistance: a modern view of the problem. УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ РАДІОЛОГІЧНИЙ ТА ОНКОЛОГІЧНИЙ ЖУРНАЛ 2022. [DOI: 10.46879/ukroj.3.2022.79-92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background. The impact of insulin resistance on the probability of increase in thyroid cancer risk has been drawing a lot of attention of researchers lately. This problem is far from being completely solved. Studying this interrelationship may influence the effectiveness of the treatment of the mentioned widespread pathology.
Purpose – to review present literature sources on research of interrelationship between insulin resistance and thyroid cancer, and also possible mechanisms of this relationship.
Materials and methods. Literature search was performed manually by the keywords (thyroid cancer, insulin resistance, IGF-1, IGF-2, abdominal obesity, increase in body mass index, metformin), and also literature sources from evidential data bases PubMed, Web of Science were reviewed. Metaanalyses, systematic reviews and cohort studies were also taken into account. 148 literature sources were studied in total. The sources, which had been published within the last 10 years, were preferably selected.
Results. Insulin resistance is viewed as an important independent factor of development of numerous malignancies. The carcinogenic activity of insulin resistance is caused by the resistance itself, as well as by the metabolic disorders related to it. It has been established that excessive weight and obesity are to a great extent attributed to more aggressive clinical pathological signs of thyroid cancer. Recent research showed a larger volume of thyroid and higher risk of knot forming in patients with insulin resistance. Thus, thyroid cancer is one of the main factors of thyroid transformation. Therapeutic methods of eliminating metabolic syndrome and associated hormonal diseases for prevention and therapy of oncologic diseases are drawing ever-greater scientific interest. The anti-tumor features of metformin and its capability of retarding carcinogenesis are shown in the studies.
Conclusions. The given literature analysis has proved that the problem of treating malignant thyroid tumors and their metastasis is caused not only by morphological, cellular and molecular-biological features of the tumor itself, but also by insufficient knowledge about the interrelationship between insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, increase in body mass index, high-calorie diet and reduction of consumption of polyunsaturated fats, harmful impact of environment with molecular changes, specific for thyroid cancer. It is confirmed by a significant increase in thyroid cancer rate, especially papillary histotype, alongside with an increase in obesity rate. The studying of possibilities of decreasing incidence and mortality rates of oncologic pathology when using medications, which stabilize insulin and contribute to a decrease in degree of hyperinsulinemia, one of which is metformin, generates profound interest
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11
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Matrone A. Risk factors in thyroid cancer: is the obesity pandemic an important factor? Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2022; 17:463-466. [PMID: 36345844 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2022.2144832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Matrone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Operative Unit of Endocrinology, Pisa University Hospital, Pisa, Italy
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12
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Kim JT, Lim MA, Lee SE, Kim HJ, Koh HY, Lee JH, Jun SM, Kim JM, Kim KH, Shin HS, Cho SW, Kim KS, Shong M, Koo BS, Kang YE. Adrenomedullin2 stimulates progression of thyroid cancer in mice and humans under nutrient excess conditions. J Pathol 2022; 258:264-277. [PMID: 36098211 PMCID: PMC9826144 DOI: 10.1002/path.5997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is associated with genetic alterations, e.g. BRAFV600E , which may cause carcinomatous changes in hormone-secreting epithelial cells. Epidemiological studies have shown that overnutrition is related to the development and progression of cancer. In this study, we attempted to identify the cell nonautonomous factor responsible for the progression of BRAFV600E thyroid cancer under overnutrition conditions. We developed a mouse model for inducible thyrocyte-specific activation of BRAFV600E , which showed features similar to those of human papillary thyroid cancer. LSL-BrafV600E ;TgCreERT2 showed thyroid tumour development in the entire thyroid, and the tumour showed more abnormal cellular features with mitochondrial abnormalities in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Transcriptomics revealed that adrenomedullin2 (Adm2) was increased in LSL-BrafV600E ;TgCreERT2 mice fed HFD. ADM2 was upregulated on the addition of a mitochondrial complex I inhibitor or palmitic acid with integrated stress response (ISR) in cancer cells. ADM2 stimulated protein kinase A and extracellular signal-regulated kinase in vitro. The knockdown of ADM2 suppressed the proliferation and migration of thyroid cancer cells. We searched The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases and found that increased ADM2 expression was associated with ISR and poor overall survival. Consistently, upregulated ADM2 expression in tumour cells and circulating ADM2 molecules were associated with aggressive clinicopathological parameters, including body mass index, in thyroid cancer patients. Collectively, we identified that ADM2 is released from cancer cells under mitochondrial stress resulting from overnutrition and acts as a secretory factor determining the progressive properties of thyroid cancer. © 2022 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Tae Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Mi Ae Lim
- Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Seong Eun Lee
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyun Yong Koh
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)DaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Sang Mi Jun
- Center for Research EquipmentKorea Basic Science InstituteCheongjuRepublic of Korea,Convergent Research Center for Emerging Virus InfectionKorea Research Institute of Chemical TechnologyDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Jin Man Kim
- Department of PathologyChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Kim
- Department of Nuclear MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Hyo Shik Shin
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Sun Wook Cho
- Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea,Department of Internal MedicineSeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea,Cellus Inc.SeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Koon Soon Kim
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Minho Shong
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Bon Seok Koo
- Department of Medical ScienceChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Department of Otolaryngology‐Head and Neck SurgeryChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
| | - Yea Eun Kang
- Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic DiseasesChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea,Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal MedicineChungnam National University School of MedicineDaejeonRepublic of Korea
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13
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Jang Y, Kim T, Kim BHS, Park B. Association between Obesity Indexes and Thyroid Cancer Risk in Korean Women: Nested Case-Control Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194712. [PMID: 36230635 PMCID: PMC9563606 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to identify the association between various obesity indexes, including waist circumference (WC), waist−hip ratio (WHR), waist−height ratio (WHTR), and BMI, and their combinations with body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk. Methods: Of the 65,639 participants who completed a follow-up survey of the Health Examinee Study (HEXA), a prospective cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study, 412 female incident thyroid cancer cases, and 1648 birth year- and enrollment year-matched female controls were included. Multiple conditional logistic regression was used to estimate the association between obesity indexes and thyroid cancer risk. Results: The risk of developing thyroid cancer was increased by 1.37-fold (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.03−1.81) higher in the obese BMI group (≥25.0 Kg/m2) compared to that in the normal BMI group (<23.0 Kg/m2). Obesity in terms of WC (≥85.0 cm) and WHTR (≥0.5) was associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer (OR 1.55, 95% CI = 1.16−2.07; OR 1.37, 95% CI = 1.07−1.75, respectively). However, increased WHR levels did not show any significant association. Women with both obese levels of BMI (≥25.0 Kg/m2) and other obesity indexes (WC ≥ 85.0 cm, WHR ≥ 0.85, or WHTR ≥ 0.5) showed an increased risk of thyroid cancer with OR of 1.63 (95% CI = 1.14−2.31), 1.49 (95% CI = 1.05−2.12), and 1.42 (95% CI = 1.04−1.94), compared to those with normal levels of BMI and each obesity index. Conclusion: These results provide evidence of the contribution of both total and central adiposity across the lifespan of thyroid cancer incidence. Risk factor modifications must be considered to explain the current thyroid cancer epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonyoung Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Program in Regional Information, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Taehwa Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Department of Psychology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea
| | - Brian H. S. Kim
- Program in Regional Information, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Program in Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.H.S.K.); (B.P.); Tel.: +82-2-880-4717 (B.H.S.K.); +82-2-2220-0682 (B.P.); Fax: +82-2-873-5080 (B.H.S.K.); +82-31-2220-0699 (B.P.)
| | - Boyoung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: (B.H.S.K.); (B.P.); Tel.: +82-2-880-4717 (B.H.S.K.); +82-2-2220-0682 (B.P.); Fax: +82-2-873-5080 (B.H.S.K.); +82-31-2220-0699 (B.P.)
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14
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Xu X, Hendryx M, Liang X, Kahe K, Li Y, Luo J. Dietary selenium intake and thyroid cancer risk in postmenopausal women. Nutrition 2022; 103-104:111840. [PMID: 36174395 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It has been suggested that higher selenium intake and consumption of supplements protect against several cancers. To our knowledge, epidemiologic evidence is rare and inconsistent on the association of selenium level and the risk for thyroid cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the association between selenium intake and thyroid cancer risk in postmenopausal women using the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) database. METHODS The WHI recruited 161 808 postmenopausal women 50 to 79 y of age between September 1, 1993 and December 31, 1998. The present study included 147 348 women 63.15 y of age (SD = 7.21) at baseline. The main exposure was baseline total selenium intake including dietary selenium measured by food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and supplemental selenium. The outcome was thyroid cancer, which was adjudicated by trained physicians. Cox proportional hazard models were used to analyze the association. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 16.4 y until September 30, 2020, 442 thyroid cancer cases were identified. There was no significant association between total selenium intake and thyroid cancer risk after adjusting for multiple covariates (highest versus lowest quartile: hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60-1.29). Association between total selenium intake and the risk for papillary thyroid cancer was also not significant (highest versus lowest quartile: HR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.66-1.52). CONCLUSIONS The present data did not support that either total or dietary selenium intake was associated with the risk for thyroid cancer or the papillary subtype in postmenopausal women ages 50 to 79 y in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojingyuan Xu
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Michael Hendryx
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States
| | - Xiaoyun Liang
- School of Social Development and Public Policy, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
| | - Ka Kahe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, United States
| | - Yueyao Li
- Department of Dermatology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States
| | - Juhua Luo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, United States
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15
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Micali C, Russotto Y, Celesia BM, Santoro L, Marino A, Pellicanò GF, Nunnari G, Venanzi Rullo E. Thyroid Diseases and Thyroid Asymptomatic Dysfunction in People Living With HIV. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:655-667. [PMID: 36136821 PMCID: PMC9498502 DOI: 10.3390/idr14050071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid diseases (TDs) and thyroid asymptomatic dysfunctions (TADs) are correlated with Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and Acquired ImmunoDeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) as well as many endocrine dysfunctions and dysregulation of hormonal axes. To date, available studies on People Living With HIV (PLWH) affected by thyroid diseases and asymptomatic dysfunctions are few and rather controversial. The purpose of the present non-systematic literature review is to recap the current knowledge on the main features of thyroid dysfunctions and disorders in PLWH. Large cohort studies are needed for a better comprehension of the impact, evolution and treatment of thyroid pathologies in the HIV-infected population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Micali
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Ylenia Russotto
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-221-2032
| | - Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy
| | - Laura Santoro
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Marino
- Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences Department, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò
- Department of Human Pathology of the Adult and the Developmental Age “G. Barresi”, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
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16
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Huang L, Feng X, Yang W, Li X, Zhang K, Feng S, Wang F, Yang X. Appraising the Effect of Potential Risk Factors on Thyroid Cancer: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e2783-e2791. [PMID: 35366326 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Various risk factors have been associated with the risk of thyroid cancer in observational studies. However, the causality of the risk factors is not clear given the susceptibility of confounding and reverse causation. OBJECTIVE A 2-sample Mendelian randomization approach was used to estimate the effect of potential risk factors on thyroid cancer risk. METHODS Genetic instruments to proxy 55 risk factors were identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS). Associations of these genetic variants with thyroid cancer risk were estimated in GWAS of the FinnGen Study (989 cases and 217 803 controls). A Bonferroni-corrected threshold of P = 9.09 × 10-4 was considered significant, and P < 0.05 was considered to be suggestive of an association. RESULTS Telomere length was significantly associated with increased thyroid cancer risk after correction for multiple testing (OR 4.68; 95% CI, 2.35-9.31; P = 1.12 × 10-5). Suggestive associations with increased risk were noted for waist-to-hip ratio (OR 1.85; 95% CI, 1.02-3.35; P = 0.042) and diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.60; 95% CI, 1.08-2.38; P = 0.019). Suggestive associations were noted between hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (OR 0.20; 95% CI, 0.05-0.82; P = 0.025) and decreased risk of thyroid cancer. Risk of thyroid cancer was not associated with sex hormones and reproduction, developmental and growth, lipids, diet and lifestyle, or inflammatory factors (All P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Our study identified several potential targets for primary prevention of thyroid cancer, including central obesity, diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c, and telomere length, which should inform public health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Huang
- Department of Radiotherapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiuming Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Wenjun Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
- Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine (Guangxi-ASEAN Collaborative Innovation Center for Major Disease Prevention and Treatment), Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiangzhi Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
| | - Shuzhen Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
- Department of Basic Medicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory on Precise Prevention and Treatment for Thyroid Tumor, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, China
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545005, Guangxi, China
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17
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Shin A, Cho S, Jang D, Abe SK, Saito E, Rahman MS, Islam MR, Sawada N, Shu XO, Koh WP, Sadakane A, Tsuji I, Sugawara Y, Ito H, Nagata C, Park SK, Yuan JM, Kim J, Tsugane S, Cai H, Wen W, Ozasa K, Matsuyama S, Kanemura S, Oze I, Wada K, Wang R, Yoo KY, Potter JD, Ahsan H, Boffetta P, Chia KS, Matsuo K, Qiao YL, Rothman N, Zheng W, Inoue M, Kang D. Body Mass Index and Thyroid Cancer Risk: A Pooled Analysis of Half a Million Men and Women in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Thyroid 2022; 32:306-314. [PMID: 34915752 PMCID: PMC8971972 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2021.0445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Although previous meta-analyses have suggested a dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and thyroid cancer risk, limited evidence has been presented about Asian populations. To assess this association among Asian populations, where underweight is more prevalent than in other regions, a pooled analysis from the Asia Cohort Consortium was conducted. Methods: Baseline height and weight were measured in five cohorts and self-reported in eight cohorts. Thyroid cancer incidence was ascertained by linkage to local cancer registries. Cohorts were treated as a stratum in the Cox proportional hazard model to estimate the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) from the estimates for each cohort. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results: A total of 538,857 men and women from 13 cohorts from mainland China, Korea, Japan, and Singapore were included in the analysis. During a mean of 15.1 years of follow-up, 1132 thyroid cancer cases were ascertained. Using a BMI of 18.5-22.9 kg/m2 as a reference, an elevated risk of thyroid cancer was observed for groups with a BMI between 25 and 29.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.31, [CI: 0.95-1.80]) and a BMI of 30 kg/m2 and greater (HR: 1.84, [CI: 0.89-3.81]) in men. Thyroid cancer risk was elevated in women with a BMI of 23-24.9 kg/m2 (HR: 1.26, [CI: 1.07-1.48]). The HRs for 5-U increment of BMI showed a linear association among men (HR: 1.25, [CI 1.10-1.55]) but not among women (HR: 1.07, [CI: 0.97-1.18]). Although the overall thyroid cancer risk was lower among underweight men and women, the papillary cancer risk may be elevated among underweight men (HR: 2.24, [CI: 0.75-6.66]). Conclusion: While higher BMI is associated with an elevated risk of thyroid cancer in both men and women, the association of underweight BMI may differ by sex and histological subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aesun Shin
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Address correspondence to: Aesun Shin, MD, PhD, Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooyoung Cho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Doeun Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Krull Abe
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Eiko Saito
- Division of Cancer Statistics Integration Center for Cancer Control & Information Services National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Md Shafiur Rahman
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Md Rashedul Islam
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Global Health Policy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Norie Sawada
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiao-Ou Shu
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Woon-Puay Koh
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Atsuko Sadakane
- Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ichiro Tsuji
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Yumi Sugawara
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sue K. Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jian-Min Yuan
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jeongseon Kim
- Graduate School of Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Shoichiro Tsugane
- Epidemiology and Prevention Group, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Chuo-ku, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Hui Cai
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wanqing Wen
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kotaro Ozasa
- Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sanae Matsuyama
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Seiki Kanemura
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Isao Oze
- Division Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Renwei Wang
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keun-Young Yoo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - John D. Potter
- Research Centre for Hauora and Health, Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Paolo Boffetta
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Kee Seng Chia
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Nagoya, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - You-Lin Qiao
- Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nathaniel Rothman
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Wei Zheng
- Division of Epidemiology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt Epidemiology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Manami Inoue
- Division of Prevention, Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer Control, Tokyo, Japan.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Daehee Kang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Integrated Major in Innovative Medical Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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18
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Lu P, Ma Y, Kai J, Wang J, Yin Z, Xu H, Li X, Liang X, Wei S, Liang X. A Low Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Patients With Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 8:784667. [PMID: 35096967 PMCID: PMC8795874 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.784667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Inflammation plays a crucial role in cancers, and the advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) is considered to be a potential factor reflecting systemic inflammation. Objectives: This work aimed to explore the prognostic value of the ALI in metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and classify patients according to risk and prognosis. Methods: We screened 318 patients who were diagnosed with stage IV NSCLC in Hubei Cancer Hospital from July 2012 to December 2013. The formula for ALI is body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) × serum albumin (Alb, g/dl)/neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Categorical variables were analyzed by the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The overall survival (OS) rates were analyzed by the Kaplan–Meier method and plotted with the R language. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the relationship between ALI and OS. Results: According to the optimal cut-off value determined by X-tile software, patients were divided into two groups (the ALI <32.6 and ALI ≥32.6 groups), and the median OS times were 19.23 and 39.97 months, respectively (p < 0.01). A multivariable Cox regression model confirmed that ALI and chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors for OS in patients with NSCLC. OS in the high ALI group was better than that in the low ALI group (HR: 1.39; 95% CI: 1.03–1.89; p = 0.03). Conclusions: Patients with a low ALI tend to have lower OS among those with metastatic NSCLC, and the ALI can serve as an effective prognostic factor for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Lu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifei Ma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jindan Kai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhucheng Yin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongli Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinying Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaozhong Wei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology Surgery, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xinjun Liang, ; Shaozhong Wei,
| | - Xinjun Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xinjun Liang, ; Shaozhong Wei,
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19
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Ahmadi S, Pappa T, Kang AS, Coleman AK, Landa I, Marqusee E, Kim M, Angell TE, Alexander EK. Point of Care Measurement of Body Mass Index and Thyroid Nodule Malignancy Risk Assessment. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:824226. [PMID: 35222281 PMCID: PMC8873520 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.824226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Large scale epidemiology studies have suggested obesity may increase the risk of thyroid cancer, though no prospective analyses using real-world measurement of BMI at a time proximate to initial thyroid nodule evaluation have been performed. METHODS We performed a prospective, cohort analysis over 3 years of consecutive patients presenting for thyroid nodule evaluation. We measured BMI proximate to the time of initial evaluation and correlated this with the final diagnosis of benign or malignant disease. We further correlated patient BMI with aggressivity of thyroid cancer, if detected. RESULTS Among 1,259 consecutive patients with clinically relevant nodules, 199(15%) were malignant. BMI averaged 28.6 kg/m2 (SD: 6.35, range:16.46-59.26). There was no correlation between the measurement of BMI and risk of thyroid cancer (p=0.58) as mean BMI was 28.9 kg/m2 and 28.6 kg/m2 in cancerous and benign cohorts, respectively. Similarly, BMI did not predict aggressive thyroid cancer (p=0.15). While overall nodule size was associated with increased BMI (p<0.01), these data require further validation as obesity may hinder nodule detection until large. CONCLUSION In contrast to findings published from large scale association studies drawn from national databases, these prospective data of consecutive patients presenting for nodule evaluation detect no association of obesity (as measured by BMI) with thyroid cancer. Real time measurement of BMI at the time of thyroid nodule evaluation does not contribute to cancer risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ahmadi
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Sara Ahmadi,
| | - Theodora Pappa
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alex S. Kang
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alexandra K. Coleman
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Iñigo Landa
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ellen Marqusee
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Matthew Kim
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Trevor E. Angell
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Keck School Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Erik K. Alexander
- Thyroid Section, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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20
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Lu G, Yu X, Jiang W, Luo Q, Tong J, Fan S, Chai L, Gao D, Qiao T, Wang R, Deng C, Lv Z, Li D. Alterations of Gut Microbiome and Metabolite Profiles Associated With Anabatic Lipid Dysmetabolism in Thyroid Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:893164. [PMID: 35721748 PMCID: PMC9204252 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.893164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, the high morbidity of individuals with thyroid cancer (TC) is an increasing health care burden worldwide. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship among the gut microbiota community, metabolites, and the development of differentiated thyroid cancer. METHODS 16S rRNA gene sequencing and an integrated LC-MS-based metabolomics approach were performed to obtain the components and characteristics of fecal microbiota and metabolites from 50 patients with TC and 58 healthy controls (HCs). RESULTS The diversity and richness of the gut microbiota in the TC patients were markedly decreased. The composition of the gut microbiota was significantly altered, and the Bacteroides enterotype was the dominant enterotype in TC patients. Additionally, the diagnostic validity of the combined model (three genera and eight metabolites) and the metabolite model (six metabolites) were markedly higher than that of the microbial model (seven genera) for distinguishing TC patients from HCs. LEfSe analysis demonstrated that genera (g_Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, g_Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group) and metabolites [27-hydroxycholesterol (27HC), cholesterol] closely related to lipid metabolism were greatly reduced in the TC group. In addition, a clinical serum indicator (total cholesterol) and metabolites (27HC and cholesterol) had the strongest influence on the sample distribution. Furthermore, functional pathways related to steroid biosynthesis and lipid digestion were inhibited in the TC group. In the microbiota-metabolite network, 27HC was significantly related to metabolism-related microorganisms (g_Christensenellaceae_R-7_group). CONCLUSIONS Our research explored the characteristics of the gut microecology of patients with TC. The findings of this study will help to discover risk factors that affect the occurrence and development of TC in the intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganghua Lu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaqing Yu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyu Tong
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suyun Fan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Chai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dingwei Gao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Qiao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengwen Deng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongwei Lv
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Imaging Clinical Medical Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Li, ; Zhongwei Lv,
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Clinical Nuclear Medicine Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Li, ; Zhongwei Lv,
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21
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Baron JA, Nichols HB, Anderson C, Safe S. Cigarette Smoking and Estrogen-Related Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021; 30:1462-1471. [PMID: 33990391 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-20-1803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking is a known cause of many cancers, yet epidemiologic studies have found protective associations with the risk of four "estrogen-related" malignancies: endometrial cancer, endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancers, and thyroid cancer. This review considers epidemiologic and biological aspects of these associations, focusing particularly on estrogen signaling, and contrasts them with those for breast cancer, another estrogen-related malignancy. The observational findings regarding the inverse associations are consistent and remain after adjustment for possible confounding factors. In general, women who smoke do not have lower circulating estrogen levels than nonsmokers, eliminating one possible explanation for reduced risks of these malignancies. For endometrial and endometrioid ovarian cancer, the negative associations could plausibly be explained by interference with signaling through the estrogen receptor α. However, this is unlikely to explain the lower risks of thyroid and clear cell ovarian cancers. For thyroid cancer, an anti-inflammatory effect of nicotine and reduced TSH levels from smoking have been proposed explanations for the inverse association, but both lack convincing evidence. While the overall impact of cigarette smoking is overwhelmingly negative, protective associations such as those discussed here can provide potential clues to disease etiology, treatment, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Baron
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. .,Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.,Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
| | - Hazel B Nichols
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Chelsea Anderson
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stephen Safe
- Department of Veterinary Physiology & Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas
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22
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Ataş H, Korukluoğlu Bİ, Çomçali B, Yakşi N, Saylam B, Tez M. Can preoperative modified systemic inflammation score (mSIS) be used to predict malignancy in persistent nondiagnostic thyroid nodules? Turk J Med Sci 2021; 51:700-705. [PMID: 33550761 PMCID: PMC8203171 DOI: 10.3906/sag-2011-177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/aim Despite the use of ultrasound guidance, a significant part of thyroid biopsies are nondiagnostic (ND). We aimed to investigate the utility of the preoperative modified systemic inflammation score (mSIS) to predict malignancies in patients with persistent ND thyroid nodules (TNs). Materials and methods Records of 924 patients underwent thyroidectomy between September 2016 and May 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The calculation of mSIS was as follows: mSIS 0 [patients with albumin (ALB) ≥ 4.0 g/dL and lymphocyte to monocyte ratio (LMR) ≥ 3.4], mSIS 1 [ALB < 4.0 g/dL or LMR < 3.4], and mSIS 2 [ALB < 4.0 g/dL and LMR < 3.4]. Results One hundred and thirty-six patients were included in the study. Of the patients with a median age of 49 (21–81) years, 26 (19.1%) were male, and 110 (80.9%) were female. Besides low lymphocyte count (P = 0.03), and ALB levels (P < 0.01), higher BMI (P = 0.02) were also associated with malignancy. In patients classified as mSIS 2, 1 and 0; malignancy rates were 100%, 25.8%, and 16.1%, respectively. The association between preoperative mSIS and thyroid malignancies was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion We recommend that when patients with persistent ND TNs are assigned to mSIS 2 or 1, surgery should not be delayed due to the risk of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Ataş
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bİrol Korukluoğlu
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Bülent Çomçali
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Neşe Yakşi
- Niğde Community Health Center, Niğde, Turkey
| | - Barış Saylam
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mesut Tez
- Department of General Surgery, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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23
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Kitahara CM, Pfeiffer RM, Sosa JA, Shiels MS. Impact of Overweight and Obesity on US Papillary Thyroid Cancer Incidence Trends (1995-2015). J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 112:810-817. [PMID: 31638139 PMCID: PMC7825478 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djz202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Since the early 1980s, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) incidence rates and the prevalence of obesity, a risk factor for PTC, have increased substantially in the United States. We estimated the proportion of PTC incidence in the United States attributable to overweight and obesity during 1995–2015. Methods National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort data (n = 457 331 participants, 50–71 years and cancer-free at baseline) were used to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for PTC across body mass index categories. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated using estimated hazard ratios and annual overweight and obesity prevalence estimates from the National Health Interview Survey. PAF estimates were combined with Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results-13 data to calculate annual percent changes in PTC incidence rates attributable (and unrelated) to overweight and obesity. Results Overweight (25.0–29.0 kg/m2) and obesity (≥30.0 kg/m2) were associated with 1.26-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05- to 1.52-fold) and 1.30-fold (95% CI = 1.05- to 1.62-fold) increased risks of PTC, respectively, and nearly threefold (HR = 2.93, 95% CI = 1.25 to 6.87) and greater than fivefold (HR = 5.42, 95% CI = 2.24 to 13.1) increased risks of large (>4 cm) PTCs compared with normal weight (18.5–24.9 kg/m2). During 1995–2015, PAF estimates for overweight and obesity increased from 11.4% to 16.2% for all PTCs and from 51.4% to 63.2% for large PTCs. Overweight or obesity accounted for 13.6% and 57.8% of the annual percent changes in total (5.9%/y) and large (4.5%/y) PTC incidence rates, respectively, during 1995–2015. Conclusions Overweight and obesity may have contributed importantly to the rapid rise in PTC incidence during 1995–2015. By 2015, we estimate that one of every six PTCs diagnosed among adults 60 years or older, including nearly two-thirds of large PTCs, were attributable to overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cari M Kitahara
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Ruth M Pfeiffer
- Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
| | - Julie A Sosa
- National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD; Department of Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Meredith S Shiels
- Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
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24
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Zhou Y, Yang Y, Zhou T, Li B, Wang Z. Adiponectin and Thyroid Cancer: Insight into the Association between Adiponectin and Obesity. Aging Dis 2021; 12:597-613. [PMID: 33815885 PMCID: PMC7990371 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2020.0919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, the incidence and diagnosis of thyroid cancer have risen dramatically, and thyroid cancer has now become the most common endocrine cancer in the world. The onset of thyroid cancer is insidious, and its progression is slow and difficult to detect. Therefore, early prevention and treatment have important strategic significance. Moreover, an in-depth exploration of the pathogenesis of thyroid cancer is key to early prevention and treatment. Substantial evidence supports obesity as an independent risk factor for thyroid cancer. Adipose tissue dysfunction in the obese state is accompanied by dysregulation of a variety of adipocytokines. Adiponectin (APN) is one of the most pivotal adipocytokines, and its connection with obesity and obesity-related disease has gradually become a hot topic in research. Recently, the association between APN and thyroid cancer has received increasing attention. The purpose of this review is to systematically review previous studies, give prominence to APN, focus on the relationship between APN, obesity and thyroid cancer, and uncover the underlying pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhou
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.,2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yuxi, China
| | - Ying Yang
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Taicheng Zhou
- 1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Bai Li
- 3School of Medicine, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhanjian Wang
- 4Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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25
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Park J, Park H, Kim TH, Kim SW, Jang HW, Chung JH. Trends in Childhood Thyroid Cancer incidence in Korea and Its Potential Risk Factors. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:681148. [PMID: 34054738 PMCID: PMC8160442 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.681148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the incidence of thyroid cancer had been increasing until a few years ago, a decrease has been observed in the last years, probably due to the reduction of the screening tests in Korea. Childhood thyroid cancer has been increasing in the past with the same trend as in adults, but there have been few reports on recent trends. We analyzed the trends of thyroid cancer in Korean children and related factors. METHODS From national statistics and cancer register database, the data of age-specific incidence rate in Korean childhood thyroid cancer from 1999 to 2017 was obtained, and levels of seaweed intake, the number of computed tomography (CT) and neck ultrasonography (US), obesity prevalence rate, and smoking and alcohol consumption rates in children were analyzed. RESULTS The age-specific incidence of thyroid cancer in Korean children has increased in both genders between 1999 and 2017 (2.0 in 1999 vs. 7.2 in 2017, per population of 100,000), especially in the age group of 14-18 years (1.5 in 1999 vs. 5.5 in 2017, per population of 100,000). During the same period, levels of seaweed intake, number of CT scans and neck US, and prevalence of obesity in children increased significantly, while childhood smoking and alcohol consumption rates decreased. CONCLUSION Unlike the adult thyroid cancer in Korea, childhood thyroid cancer continues to increase, and the cause might be accompanied by actual increases due to the environmental factors such as excessive iodine intake, exposure to medical radiation, and increased obesity prevalence as well as the screening effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Sahmyook Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyunju Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Hyuk Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sun Wook Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hye Won Jang
- Department of Medical Education, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Chung
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Jae Hoon Chung,
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26
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Youssef MR, Reisner ASC, Attia AS, Hussein MH, Omar M, LaRussa A, Galvani CA, Aboueisha M, Abdelgawad M, Toraih EA, Randolph GW, Kandil E. Obesity and the prevention of thyroid cancer: Impact of body mass index and weight change on developing thyroid cancer - Pooled results of 24 million cohorts. Oral Oncol 2020; 112:105085. [PMID: 33171329 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.105085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Body weight may be a modifiable risk factor predisposing to different cancers. To establish a potential impact of weight change on thyroid cancer risk, we conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of body mass index (BMI) and weight change over time as a risk of developing thyroid cancer (TC). METHODS A systematic search was performed up to February 25, 2020. Pooled relative risk (RR) were estimated using fixed and random models. Heterogeneity between articles was examined using Q-test and I2 index. Evaluation of publication bias was conducted with Egger's regression test. RESULTS A total of 31 studies including 24,489,477 cohorts were eligible. Pooled analysis revealed that normal and underweight cohorts were associated with a decreased risk of TC (RR = 0.68, 95%CI = 0.65-0.71, p < 0.001) and (RR = 0.92, 95%CI = 0.91-0.93, p < 0.001), respectively. In contrast, overweight and obese cohorts were more likely to develop TC (RR = 1.26, 95%CI = 1.24-1.28, p < 0.001 and RR = 1.50, 95%CI = 1.45-1.55, p < 0.001, respectively). Obesity was associated with higher risk of developing TC among women (RR = 1.29, 95%CI = 1.14-1.46, p < 0.001), but not men (RR = 1.25, 95%CI = 0.97-1.62, p = 0.08). Furthermore, weight gain increased the risk of developing TC (RR = 1.18, 95%CI = 1.14-1.22, p < 0.001), while weight loss decreased the risk (RR = 0.89, 95%CI = 0.85-0.93, p < 0.001). Results showed similar trends of weight change effect in both males and females. CONCLUSIONS Obesity is associated with higher risk of developing TC in women. However, maintaining a healthy weight is associated with reduced risk of TC in both women and men. Shifting our practice to include weight control strategies will help lead to cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad R Youssef
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Abdallah S Attia
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | | | - Mahmoud Omar
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Anna LaRussa
- Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Carlos A Galvani
- Division of Minimally Invasive Surgery and Bariatric, Department of Surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Mohamed Aboueisha
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Mohamed Abdelgawad
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Eman Ali Toraih
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Gregory W Randolph
- Division of Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emad Kandil
- Department of Surgery, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA.
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Lee JH, Youn S, Jung S, Kim K, Chai YJ, Chung YS, Park WS, Lee KE, Yi KH. A national database analysis for factors associated with thyroid cancer occurrence. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17791. [PMID: 33082385 PMCID: PMC7576121 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74546-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to analyze the associations between thyroid cancer and environmental factors, we analyzed the national sample cohort representative of the entire population provided by the Korean National Health Insurance Service database record from 2006 to 2015. The cohort was categorized according to age, body mass index, income, residential areas, frequency of exercise, frequency of alcohol drinking, diet, presence or absence of hyperthyroidism, presence or absence of hypothyroidism, and smoking data. Age ≥ 55 years (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.53–0.88), lower income (0.57, 0.40–0.80), and current smoking (0.69, 0.55–0.85) were associated with lower thyroid cancer occurrence among men. Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 (1.51, 1.26–1.82), higher income (1.44, 1.19–1.76), urban residence (1.24, 1.03–1.49), and presence of hypothyroidism (3.31, 2.38–4.61) or hyperthyroidism (2.46, 1.75–3.46) were associated with higher thyroid cancer occurrence among men. Age ≥ 55 years (0.63, 0.56–0.71), moderate alcohol drinking (0.87, 0.77–0.99), and current smoking (0.56, 0.37–0.85) were associated with lower thyroid cancer occurrence among women. BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (1.41, 1.26–1.57), frequent exercise (1.21, 1.07–1.36), higher income (1.18, 1.06–1.32), urban residence (1.17, 1.06–1.29), and presence of hypothyroidism (1.60, 1.40–1.82) or hyperthyroidism (1.38, 1.19–1.61) were associated with higher thyroid cancer occurrence among women. In conclusion, age ≥ 55 years and current smoking were associated with lower thyroid cancer occurrence, while BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, higher income, urban residence, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism were associated with higher occurrence in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon-Hyop Lee
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sora Youn
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 71 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03082, Korea
| | - Sohee Jung
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 71 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03082, Korea
| | - Kwangsoo Kim
- Division of Clinical Bioinformatics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 71 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03082, Korea.
| | - Young Jun Chai
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, 20 Boramaep-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 07061, Korea.
| | - Yoo Seung Chung
- Department of Surgery, Gachon University College of Medicine, Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Won Seo Park
- Department of Surgery, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyu Eun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ka Hee Yi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we evaluate recent findings related to the association between obesity and thyroid cancer. RECENT FINDINGS During the last several decades, the prevalence of obesity and thyroid cancer have been increasing in parallel on a global scale. Current evidence suggests that the growing incidence of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is pathogenically linked to the spread of obesity, but the biological mechanisms that may explain this connection have been only partially described. Furthermore, unlike other tumors, data on the impacts of obesity on the aggressiveness of DTC and response to treatment of DTC remain conflicting. SUMMARY Emergent knowledge regarding the links between obesity and thyroid cancer suggests a relevant role for obesity as a risk factor for DTC, with no apparent impact on its aggressiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Matrone
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Jeong S, Kim IK, Kim H, Choi MJ, Lee J, Jo YS. Liver X Receptor β Related to Tumor Progression and Ribosome Gene Expression in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2020; 35:656-668. [PMID: 32814418 PMCID: PMC7520597 DOI: 10.3803/enm.2020.667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intracellular lipid deposition has been reported in thyroid glands in obese animal and human. To understand the regulatory mechanism of lipid metabolism in thyroid cancer, we investigated the expression status of liver X receptor (LXR) and analyzed its clinicopathological characteristics and molecular biological features. METHODS Expression status of LXR and its transcriptional targets in human cancers were analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The gene-sets related to high LXRβ expression was investigated by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways and gene ontology biologic process. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed in thyroid cancer samples using our validation cohort. RESULTS In contrast to low expression of LXRα, LXRβ was highly expressed in thyroid cancer compared to the other types of human cancers. High LXRβ expression was correlated with the expression of LXRβ transcriptional targets genes, such as apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1), APOC2, apolipoprotein E (APOE), ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 8 (ABCG8), sterol regulatory elementbinding protein 1c (SREBP1c), and SPOT14. Furthermore, High LXRβ expression group indicated poor clinicopathological characteristics and aggressive molecular biological features independently from the drive mutation status. Mechanistically, high LXRβ expression was coordinately related to ribosome-related gene sets. CONCLUSION The mechanistic link between LXRβ and ribosomal activity will be addressed to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic targets in thyroid cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seonhyang Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Kim
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunji Kim
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Moon Jung Choi
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jandee Lee
- Department of Surgery, Open NBI Convergence Technology Research Laboratory, Severance Hospital, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Suk Jo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Eissa MS, Abdellateif MS, Elesawy YF, Shaarawy S, Al-Jarhi UM. Obesity and Waist Circumference are Possible Risk Factors for Thyroid Cancer: Correlation with Different Ultrasonography Criteria. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:6077-6089. [PMID: 32801859 PMCID: PMC7382758 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s256268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity has an important role in the pathogenesis of cancer; however, there are no clear mechanisms explaining the association between obesity and risk of thyroid cancer (TC). Methods It is a cross-sectional study including 184 patients with benign thyroid nodules (BN) and 19 patients with TC. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), waist/hip (W/H) ratio were assessed and correlated to relevant clinico-pathological features of the patients, different ultra-sonographic (U/S) criteria and risk of malignancy. Results There was a significant increase in BMI, WC and W/H ratio in TC patients compared to BN group (P=0.001, 0.011 and 0.003). Increased BMI, WC and HC were associated significantly with solid nodules (P<0.05). WC increased in hypoechoic (103.1±15.4cm) and heterogeneous (103.8±16.7cm) nodules, compared to isoechoic (97.3±15.5cm) and hyperechoic (96.1±10cm) nodules (P=0.046). It also increased with lymph nodes enlargement (P=0.04). There was a significant association between WC and TIRADS classification (P=0.032), as it increased with TR4b (118.5 ± 12.9 cm) and TR5 (117.3 ± 13.9 cm) compared to TR2 (114.1 ± 15.7 cm, P=0.025 and 0.008, respectively). WC is an independent predictor for TC [OR: 1.092, CI: 1.020-1.170, P=0.012]. It achieved sensitivity, specificity and AUC (71.4%, 68.7% and 0.750; respectively), at a cutoff value of 108.5 cm (P=0.003), and when combined with BMI at a cutoff value of 32.59 (77.8% and 68.4%, respectively, AUC: 0.780, P<0.001). Conclusion Central adiposity is strongly associated with the risk of TC. WC is more superior to BMI when correlated with TIRADS classification and also is an independent predictor for TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa S Eissa
- Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S Abdellateif
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine F Elesawy
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sabry Shaarawy
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ula M Al-Jarhi
- Internal Medicine and Endocrinology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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He Q, Sun H, Li F, Liang N. Obesity and risk of differentiated thyroid cancer: A large-scale case-control study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2019; 91:869-878. [PMID: 31479527 DOI: 10.1111/cen.14091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recently, the incidence of thyroid cancer as well as obesity has dramatically increased worldwide. Whether obesity contributes to the development of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remains controversial. We evaluated the relationship between anthropometric measurements and DTC risk. DESIGN/PATIENTS/MEASUREMENTS A large frequency-matched case-control study based on hospital data was performed. A total of 10 668 DTC patients and 11 858 controls were enrolled. Body mass index (BMI), body surface area (BSA) and body fat percentage (BF%) were calculated. An unconditional logistic regression model was applied. RESULTS The univariate analysis showed a significant increase in DTC risk with increased height, weight, BMI, BSA and BF%. The multivariate analysis also showed a positive relationship. Based on the Chinese BMI (CN-BMI) classification, for women of all ages, the ORs for DTC risk in overweight and obesity were 1.151 (1.037-1277) and 1.292 (1.092-1.528), respectively. For men under 50, the ORs were 1.221 (1.014-1.469) and 1.520 (1.202-1.923), respectively, but the ORs for men over 50 were not significant. Additionally, BSA showed a significant association with DTC risk for both sexes under 50 (P = .02 and P < .001). BF% remained significant only for women under 50 (P = .003). However, for both sexes over 50, neither BSA nor BF% was significantly associated with DTC risk. Based on The World Health Organization BMI (WHO-BMI) classification, for all women and men over 50, the results were consistent with CN-BMI. For men under 50, BF%, but not BMI, showed a significant association with DTC risk. CONCLUSION BMI, BSA and BF% were positively correlated with the risk of DTC, which was potentially affected by age and sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao He
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Li
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Liang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Surgical Translational Medicine, Jilin Provincial Precision Medicine Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Translational Medicine on Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Changchun, China
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32
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Abdel-Rahman O. Prediagnostic BMI and thyroid cancer incidence in the PLCO trial. Future Oncol 2019; 15:3451-3456. [DOI: 10.2217/fon-2019-0292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To assess the correlation between prediagnostic BMI and thyroid cancer risk within the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovary (PLCO) trial. Methods: PLCO trial participants without a history of thyroid cancer before study enrollment who have complete information about prediagnostic BMI were included. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to assess the impact of prediagnostic BMI on thyroid cancer risk. Results: Higher BMI at the time of the study enrollment was associated with a higher thyroid cancer risk (hazard ratio: 1.046; p < 0.01). Furthermore, compared with a normal to normal prediagnostic BMI trajectory, both normal to overweight as well as normal to obese trajectories were associated with a higher thyroid cancer risk (p = 0.04 and p = 0.03, respectively). Conclusion: Higher BMI at the time of study entry as well as an increasing prediagnostic BMI trajectory are associated with a higher thyroid cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Abdel-Rahman
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1Z2, Canada
- Clinical Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Yang L, Sun R, Wang Y, Fu Y, Zhang Y, Zheng Z, Ji Z, Zhao D. Expression of ANGPTL2 and its impact on papillary thyroid cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:204. [PMID: 31384179 PMCID: PMC6668118 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-0908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although the most thyroid carcinoma patients have good prognosis, around 20% of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients have a high rate of metastasis and recurrence after routine treatment, which causes high lethality with these patients. Tumor proliferation, metastasis, and invasion are important predictors of PTC invasiveness and are key factors in cancer-related death. Angiopoietin-like 2 (ANGPTL2), a secreted protein which belongs to the angiopoietin (ANGPTL) family, was reported to be involved in the regulation of several different type of cancer cell proliferation and metastasis. However, whether ANGPTL2 plays a role in the progression of PTC, particularly in metastasis and recurrence of PTC, remains unclear. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of ANGPTL2 in PTC and normal thyroid, as well as para-cancerous tissue. Furthermore, the impact of ANGPTL2 on PTC cell proliferation, metastasis, recurrence and invasion was assessed to investigate the possibility whether ANGPTL2 may become a novel target for PTC therapy and cancer prognosis. Materials and methods The level of ANGPTL2 in PTC and para-cancerous tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The biological effect of ANGPTL2 on thyroid cancer cell proliferation and metastasis was investigated by the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assay, cell scratch test, and transwell assay. Correlations of ANGPTL2 expression levels with proliferation, migration, and metastasis of thyroid cancer were assessed with the TCGA data set and analyzed by gene set enrichment analysis. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to evaluate the utility of ANGPTL2 as a biomarker for prediction of thyroid cancer. Survival analysis was performed using the thyroid cancer database in K-M Plotter to detect correlations between survival time and ANGPTL2 levels. Results Current study revealed that: (1) ANGPTL2 was highly expressed in thyroid cancer in comparison with adjacent normal thyroid tissue; (2) ANGPTL2 expression was increased with thyroid tumor progression; (3) ANGPTL2 increased proliferation of thyroid cancer cells; (4) ANGPTL2 promoted migration and invasion of thyroid cancer cells; (5) high level of ANGPTL2 in thyroid cancer patients were significantly associated with a poor prognosis. The patients showed a higher metastasis and recurrence rate. Conclusion ANGPTL2 promoted and enhanced proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of thyroid cancer cells. ANGPTL2 may be considered as a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of thyroid cancer patients. Further evaluation needs to be done to analyze the possibility of taking ANGPTL2 as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target for papillary thyroid cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longyan Yang
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Rongxin Sun
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Yan Wang
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Ying Fu
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Zhaohui Zheng
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Zhili Ji
- 2Department of General Surgery, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
| | - Dong Zhao
- 1Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Department of Endocrinology, Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 101149 China
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Handelsman RS, Alvarez AL, Picado O, Farrá JC, Lew JI. Inverse Relationship of BMI to TSH and Risk of Papillary Thyroid Cancer in Surgical Patients. J Surg Res 2019; 244:96-101. [PMID: 31280000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and thyroid cancer has increased in recent decades. Thyroid malignancy is linked with elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, which may have a positive association with body mass index (BMI). This study examines obesity and TSH level effect on papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) risk in a surgical population. METHODS A retrospective review of prospectively collected data for 991 patients who underwent thyroidectomy at a single institution was performed. Patients were stratified according to BMI into three groups: nonobese (18.5-29.9 kg/m2), obese (30-39.9 kg/m2), and morbidly obese (≥40 kg/m2). Further subdivisions into benign and malignant outcomes based on final pathology were compared with preoperative TSH levels. Subanalyses according to sex were also performed. RESULTS Of 517 patients with PTC, rate of malignancy (ROM) decreased (55% versus 48% versus 41%, P < 0.05) as BMI increased with a concomitant decrease in average TSH levels (1.75 versus 1.69 versus 1.41 mU/L), respectively. According to sex, decreased ROM (53% versus 44% versus 42%, P < 0.05) and TSH (1.79 versus 1.70 versus 1.33 mU/L), respectively, with increased BMI was identified in women. However, decrease of ROM was not significant in men with increasing TSH levels as BMI increased. Male sex was associated with increased PTC risk (OR, 1.916; 95% CI, 1.331-2.759), whereas obesity with reduced PTC risk (OR, 0.736; 95% CI, 0.555-0.976). CONCLUSIONS Higher BMI correlates with decreased PTC rates and lower TSH levels and suggests other factors may be involved in thyroid tumorigenesis. Obese patients with thyroid cancer should not be managed differently compared with nonobese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Handelsman
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.
| | - Alexandra L Alvarez
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Omar Picado
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - Josefina C Farrá
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
| | - John I Lew
- Division of Endocrine Surgery, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
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Yang J, Zhong Z, Tang W, Chen J. Leptin rs2167270 G > A (G19A) polymorphism may decrease the risk of cancer: A case-control study and meta-analysis involving 19 989 subjects. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:10998-11007. [PMID: 30697798 PMCID: PMC6590124 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has suggested that leptin (LEP) is very important for the development of cancer. Recently, a number of case-control studies about the relationship of the rs2167270 G > A (G19A) variants in the LEP gene with the risk of cancer have yielded inconsistent results. In this study, we have carried out a case-control study [1063 esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma (EGJA) cases and 1677 controls] in a Chinese population. Furthermore, we carried out a pooled-analysis of 13 studies involving 8059 cancer patients and 11 930 controls to assess whether the LEP G19A locus was associated with overall cancer susceptibility. Odds ratios (ORs) with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were harnessed to evaluate the potential association. In our case-control study, we found an association between the carriers of LEP 19A allele and EGJA risk. In addition, the results of meta-analysis also suggested significant associations with cancer risk (A vs G: OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88-0.97, P = 0.001; AA vs GG: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.93, P = 0.001, GA/AA vs GG: OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.88-0.99, P = 0.023 and AA vs GG/GA: OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.74-0.92, P < 0.001). Upon conducting a stratified analysis, we found that LEP 19A allele might decrease the susceptibility of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and colorectal cancer (CRC). In a stratified-by-ethnicity analysis, significant associations were also found in Asians, Caucasians, and mixed populations. We can conclude that the LEP G19A polymorphism constitutes a decreased risk of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Zhihui Zhong
- Department of OrthopaedicsFuzhou Second Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen UniversityFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Weifeng Tang
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryAffiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiangJiangsuChina
| | - Jianping Chen
- Department of GastroenterologyThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversityChangzhouJiangsuChina
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