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Meng X, Du W, Sun Z. Fine particulate matter‑induced cardiac developmental toxicity (Review). Exp Ther Med 2025; 29:6. [PMID: 39534282 PMCID: PMC11552469 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 10/15/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has become an important risk factor threatening human health. Epidemiological and toxicological investigations have revealed that PM2.5 not only leads to cardiovascular dysfunction, but it also gives rise to various adverse health effects on the human body, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, cancers, neurodevelopmental disorders, depression and autism. PM2.5 is able to penetrate both respiratory and placental barriers, thereby resulting in negative effects on fetal development. A large body of epidemiological evidences has suggested that gestational exposure to PM2.5 increases the incidence of congenital diseases in offspring, including congenital heart defects. In addition, animal model studies have revealed that gestational exposure to PM2.5 can disrupt normal heart development in offspring, although the potential molecular mechanisms have yet to be fully elucidated. The aim of the present review was to provide a brief overview of what is currently known regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying cardiac developmental toxicity in offspring induced by gestational exposure to PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangjiang Meng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 262400, P.R. China
| | - Weiyuan Du
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 262400, P.R. China
| | - Zongli Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Changle People's Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 262400, P.R. China
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Cheng WH, Zhuang TL, Lee MJ, Chou CL, Chen BC, Kuo HP, Weng CM. IL-33/ST2 axis mediates diesel exhaust particles-induced mast cell activation. Mol Med 2024; 30:262. [PMID: 39707175 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-01035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 12/06/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mast cells are implicated in the pathogenesis and severity of asthma in children and adults. The release of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines from activated mast cells (MC) is associated with Type 2 (T2) cell-skewed inflammation. METHODS We obtained the airway tissues of Balb/c mice with or without intra-tracheal diesel exhaust particles (DEP) instillation to measure the extent of tryptase+ MCs infiltration and interleukin (IL)-33 expression. Cultured human mast cells (HMC-1) were stimulated with DEP to determine the role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mediating the synthesis and release of IL-33 and type-2 cytokines. RESULTS In the control animals, most of the MC accumulated in the submucosal vessels without expression of IL-33. Intra-tracheal DEP installation increased the number of IL-33+ MC infiltrating in the epithelial and sub-epithelial areas of mice. Human MC exposed to DEP upregulated mRNA and protein expression of IL-33. These effects were abolished by knockdown of expression of the AhR or AhR nuclear translocator (ARNT) by small interfering (si)RNA transfection. DEP also activated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) to facilitate nuclear translocation of the AhR. DEP increased MC migration and induced the synthesis and release of IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 in MCs, and these effects were abolished by anti-ST2 antibodies. CONCLUSIONS Airborne pollutants may activate MCs to produce IL-33 via the AhR/NF-κB pathway, leading to type 2 cytokines production and enhancing MC airway epithelium-shifted migration through the autocrine or paracrine IL-33/ST2 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wun-Hao Cheng
- School of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University College of Medicine, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Respiratory Therapy, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Li Zhuang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University College of Medicine, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Respiratory Therapy, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jung Lee
- Pulmonary Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Liang Chou
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Thoracic Medicine and Asthma, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Chang Chen
- School of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University College of Medicine, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Han-Pin Kuo
- Pulmonary Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Research Center of Thoracic Medicine and Asthma, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Weng
- School of Respiratory Therapy, Taipei Medical University College of Medicine, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- Pulmonary Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Thoracic Medicine and Asthma, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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3
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Gu X, Li Z, Su J. Air pollution and skin diseases: A comprehensive evaluation of the associated mechanism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116429. [PMID: 38718731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Air pollutants deteriorate the survival environment and endanger human health around the world. A large number of studies have confirmed that air pollution jeopardizes multiple organs, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous systems. Skin is the largest organ and the first barrier that protects us from the outside world. Air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will affect the structure and function of the skin and bring about the development of inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis), skin accessory diseases (acne, alopecia), auto-immune skin diseases (cutaneous lupus erythematosus(CLE) scleroderma), and even skin tumors (melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC)). Oxidative stress, skin barrier damage, microbiome dysbiosis, and skin inflammation are the pathogenesis of air pollution stimulation. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the effects of air pollution on skin diseases and possible mechanisms to provide strategies for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Gu
- Department of Dermatology | Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease | Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengrui Li
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology | Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease | Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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4
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Ruggles A, Benakis C. Exposure to Environmental Toxins: Potential Implications for Stroke Risk via the Gut- and Lung-Brain Axis. Cells 2024; 13:803. [PMID: 38786027 PMCID: PMC11119296 DOI: 10.3390/cells13100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence indicates that exposure to environmental toxins, both short-term and long-term, can increase the risk of developing neurological disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases (i.e., Alzheimer's disease and other dementias) and acute brain injury (i.e., stroke). For stroke, the latest systematic analysis revealed that exposure to ambient particulate matter is the second most frequent stroke risk after high blood pressure. However, preclinical and clinical stroke investigations on the deleterious consequences of environmental pollutants are scarce. This review examines recent evidence of how environmental toxins, absorbed along the digestive tract or inhaled through the lungs, affect the host cellular response. We particularly address the consequences of environmental toxins on the immune response and the microbiome at the gut and lung barrier sites. Additionally, this review highlights findings showing the potential contribution of environmental toxins to an increased risk of stroke. A better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying exposure to environmental toxins has the potential to mitigate stroke risk and other neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corinne Benakis
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, 81337 Munich, Germany;
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Xu T, Jiang Y, Fu H, Yang G, Hu X, Chen Y, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Wang Y, Xie HQ, Han F, Xu L, Zhao B. Exploring the adverse effects of 1,3,6,8-tetrabromo-9H-carbazole in atherosclerotic model mice by metabolomic profiling integrated with mechanism studies in vitro. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 349:140767. [PMID: 37992903 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Given its wide distribution in the environment and latent toxic effects, 1,3,6,8-tetrabromo-9H-carbazole (1368-BCZ) is an emerging concern that has gained increasing attention globally. 1368-BCZ exposure is reported to have potential cardiovascular toxicity. Although atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease and remains a primary cause of mortality worldwide, no evidence has been found regarding the impact of 1368-BCZ on atherosclerosis. Therefore, we aimed to explore the deleterious effects of 1368-BCZ on atherosclerosis and the underlying mechanisms. Serum samples from 1368-BCZ-treated atherosclerotic model mice were subjected to metabolomic profiling to investigate the adverse influence of the pollutant. Subsequently, the molecular mechanism associated with the metabolic pathway of atherosclerotic mice that was identified following 1368-BCZ exposure was validated in vitro. Serum metabolomics analysis revealed that 1368-BCZ significantly altered the tricarboxylic acid cycle, causing a disturbance in energy metabolism. In vitro, we further validated general markers of energy metabolism based on metabolome data: 1368-BCZ dampened adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, blocking the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) reversed the high production of ROS induced by 1368-BCZ. It is concluded that 1368-BCZ decreased the ATP synthesis by disturbing the energy metabolism, thereby stimulating the AhR-mediated ROS production and presumably causing aggravated atherosclerosis. This is the first comprehensive study on the cardiovascular toxicity and mechanism of 1368-BCZ based on rodent models of atherosclerosis and integrated with in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China; PET/CT Center, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Hualing Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guanglei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoxu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yangsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Yilan Wang
- PET/CT Center, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China
| | - Heidi Qunhui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fang Han
- PET/CT Center, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Imaging, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, 116001, China.
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Karbowska M, Pawlak K, Sieklucka B, Domaniewski T, Lebkowska U, Zawadzki R, Pawlak D. Dose-dependent exposure to indoxyl sulfate alters AHR signaling, sirtuins gene expression, oxidative DNA damage, and bone mineral status in rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2583. [PMID: 38297036 PMCID: PMC10831046 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53164-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Indoxyl sulfate (IS), an agonist of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR), can accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease, but its direct effect on bone is not clear. The present study investigated the effect of chronic exposure to low (100 mg/kg b.w.; 100 IS) and high (200 mg/kg b.w.; 200 IS) dose of IS on bone AhR pathway, sirtuins (SIRTs) expression, oxidative DNA damage and bone mineral status in Wistar rats. The accumulation of IS was observed only in trabecular bone tissue in both doses. The differences were observed in the bone parameters, depending on the applied IS dose. The exposure to 100 IS increased AhR repressor (AhRR)-CYP1A2 gene expression, which was associated with SIRT-1, SIRT-3 and SIRT-7 expression. At the low dose group, the oxidative DNA damage marker was unchanged in the bone samples, and it was inversely related to the abovementioned SIRTs expression. In contrast, the exposure to 200 IS reduced the expression of AhRR, CYP1A, SIRT-3 and SIRT-7 genes compared to 100 IS. The level of oxidative DNA damage was higher in trabecular bone in 200 IS group. Femoral bone mineral density was decreased, and inverse relations were noticed between the level of trabecular oxidative DNA damage and parameters of bone mineral status. In conclusion, IS modulates AhR-depending signaling affecting SIRTs expression, oxidative DNA damage and bone mineral status in a dose dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Karbowska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Krystyna Pawlak
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Beata Sieklucka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Tomasz Domaniewski
- Department of Monitored Pharmacotherapy, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Urszula Lebkowska
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Radoslaw Zawadzki
- Department of Radiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
| | - Dariusz Pawlak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Arslan ME, Baba C, Tozlu OO. Boron Compounds Mitigate 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-Induced Toxicity in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells. TOXICS 2024; 12:98. [PMID: 38393193 PMCID: PMC10891549 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12020098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) stands as one of the most potent halogenated polycyclic hydrocarbons, known to inflict substantial cytotoxic effects on both animal and human tissues. Its widespread presence and recalcitrance make it an environmental and health concern. Efforts are being intensively channeled to uncover strategies that could mitigate the adverse health outcomes associated with TCDD exposure. In the realm of counteractive agents, boron compounds are emerging as potential candidates. These compounds, which have found applications in a spectrum of industries ranging from agriculture to pharmaceutical and cosmetic manufacturing, are known to modulate several cellular processes and enzymatic pathways. However, the dose-response relationships and protective potentials of commercially prevalent boron compounds, such as boric acid (BA), ulexite (UX), and borax (BX), have not been comprehensively studied. In our detailed investigation, when peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were subjected to TCDD exposure, they manifested significant cellular disruptions. This was evidenced by compromised membrane integrity, a marked reduction in antioxidant defense mechanisms, and a surge in the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, a recognized marker for oxidative stress. On the genomic front, increased 8-OH-dG levels and chromosomal aberration (CA) frequency suggested that TCDD had the potential to cause DNA damage. Notably, our experiments have revealed that boron compounds could act as protective agents against these disruptions. They exhibited a pronounced ability to diminish the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative stress outcomes instigated by TCDD. Thus, our findings shed light on the promising role of boron compounds. In specific dosages, they may not only counteract the detrimental effects of TCDD but also serve as potential chemopreventive agents, safeguarding the cellular and genomic integrity of PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Enes Arslan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, Erzurum Technical University, 25050 Erzurum, Turkey; (C.B.); (O.O.T.)
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Ferguson DT, Taka E, Tilghman SL, Womble T, Redmond BV, Gedeon S, Flores-Rozas H, Reed SL, Soliman KFA, Kanga KJW, Darling-Reed SF. The Anticancer Effects of the Garlic Organosulfide Diallyl Trisulfide through the Attenuation of B[a]P-Induced Oxidative Stress, AhR Expression, and DNA Damage in Human Premalignant Breast Epithelial (MCF-10AT1) Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:923. [PMID: 38255999 PMCID: PMC10815401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is the most characterized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon associated with breast cancer. Our lab previously reported that the organosulfur compound (OSC), diallyl trisulfide (DATS), chemoprevention mechanism works through the induction of cell cycle arrest and a reduction in oxidative stress and DNA damage in normal breast epithelial cells. We hypothesize that DATS will inhibit B[a]P-induced cancer initiation in premalignant breast epithelial (MCF-10AT1) cells. In this study, we evaluated the ability of DATS to attenuate B[a]P-induced neoplastic transformation in MCF-10AT1 cells by measuring biological endpoints such as proliferation, clonogenicity, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) DNA damage levels, as well as DNA repair and antioxidant proteins. The results indicate that B[a]P induced proliferation, clonogenic formation, ROS formation, and 8-OHdG levels, as well as increasing AhR, ARNT/HIF-1β, and CYP1A1 protein expression compared with the control in MCF-10AT1 cells. B[a]P/DATS's co-treatment (CoTx) inhibited cell proliferation, clonogenic formation, ROS formation, AhR protein expression, and 8-OHdG levels compared with B[a]P alone and attenuated all the above-mentioned B[a]P-induced changes in protein expression, causing a chemopreventive effect. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that DATS prevents premalignant breast cells from undergoing B[a]P-induced neoplastic transformation, thus providing more evidence for its chemopreventive effects in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique T. Ferguson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Equar Taka
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Syreeta L. Tilghman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Tracy Womble
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Bryan V. Redmond
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Shasline Gedeon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Hernan Flores-Rozas
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Sarah L. Reed
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Karam F. A. Soliman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
| | - Konan J. W. Kanga
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA;
| | - Selina F. Darling-Reed
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, USA; (D.T.F.); (E.T.); (S.L.T.); (T.W.); (S.G.); (H.F.-R.); (S.L.R.); (K.F.A.S.)
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9
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Lin LW, Durbin-Johnson BP, Rocke DM, Salemi M, Phinney BS, Rice RH. Environmental pro-oxidants induce altered envelope protein profiles in human keratinocytes. Toxicol Sci 2023; 197:16-26. [PMID: 37788135 PMCID: PMC10734632 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cornified envelopes (CEs) of human epidermis ordinarily consist of transglutaminase-mediated cross-linked proteins and are essential for skin barrier function. However, in addition to enzyme-mediated isopeptide bonding, protein cross-linking could also arise from oxidative damage. Our group recently demonstrated abnormal incorporation of cellular proteins into CEs by pro-oxidants in woodsmoke. In this study, we focused on 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ), mesquite liquid smoke (MLS), and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), to further understand the mechanisms through which environmental pro-oxidants induce CE formation and alter the CE proteome. CEs induced by the ionophore X537A were used for comparison. Similar to X537A, DMNQ- and MLS-induced CE formation was associated with membrane permeabilization. However, since DMNQ is non-adduct forming, its CEs were similar in protein profile to those from X537A. By contrast, MLS, rich in reactive carbonyls that can form protein adducts, caused a dramatic change in the CE proteome. TCDD-CEs were found to contain many CE precursors, such as small proline-rich proteins and late cornified envelope proteins, encoded by the epidermal differentiation complex. Since expression of these proteins is mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), and its well-known downstream protein, CYP1A1, was exclusively present in the TCDD group, we suggest that TCDD alters the CE proteome through persistent AhR activation. This study demonstrates the potential of environmental pro-oxidants to alter the epidermal CE proteome and indicates that the cellular redox state has an important role in CE formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lo-Wei Lin
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Blythe P Durbin-Johnson
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - David M Rocke
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Michelle Salemi
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Brett S Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Robert H Rice
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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Larsen MC, Rondelli CM, Almeldin A, Song YS, N’Jai A, Alexander DL, Forsberg EC, Sheibani N, Jefcoate CR. AhR and CYP1B1 Control Oxygen Effects on Bone Marrow Progenitor Cells: The Enrichment of Multiple Olfactory Receptors as Potential Microbiome Sensors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16884. [PMID: 38069208 PMCID: PMC10706615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) pollutants and microbiome products converge on the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) to redirect selective rapid adherence of isolated bone marrow (BM) cells. In young adult mice, Cyp1b1-deficiency and AhR activation by PAH, particularly when prolonged by Cyp1a1 deletion, produce matching gene stimulations in these BM cells. Vascular expression of Cyp1b1 lowers reactive oxygen species (ROS), suppressing NF-κB/RelA signaling. PAH and allelic selectivity support a non-canonical AhR participation, possibly through RelA. Genes stimulated by Cyp1b1 deficiency were further resolved according to the effects of Cyp1b1 and Cyp1a1 dual deletions (DKO). The adherent BM cells show a cluster of novel stimulations, including select developmental markers; multiple re-purposed olfactory receptors (OLFR); and α-Defensin, a microbial disruptor. Each one connects to an enhanced specific expression of the catalytic RNA Pol2 A subunit, among 12 different subunits. Mesenchymal progenitor BMS2 cells retain these features. Cyp1b1-deficiency removes lymphocytes from adherent assemblies as BM-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSC) expand. Cyp1b1 effects were cell-type specific. In vivo, BM-MSC Cyp1b1 expression mediated PAH suppression of lymphocyte progenitors. In vitro, OP9-MSC sustained these progenitors, while Csf1 induced monocyte progenitor expansion to macrophages. Targeted Cyp1b1 deletion (Cdh5-Cre; Cyp1b1fl/fl) established endothelium control of ROS that directs AhR-mediated suppression of B cell progenitors. Monocyte Cyp1b1 deletion (Lyz2-Cre; Cyp1b1fl/fl) selectively attenuated M1 polarization of expanded macrophages, but did not enhance effects on basal M2 polarization. Thus, specific sources of Cyp1b1 link to AhR and to an OLFR network to provide BM inflammatory modulation via diverse microbiome products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele C. Larsen
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.C.L.); (A.A.)
| | | | - Ahmed Almeldin
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.C.L.); (A.A.)
| | - Yong-Seok Song
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Alhaji N’Jai
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA;
| | - David L. Alexander
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (D.L.A.); (E.C.F.)
| | - E. Camilla Forsberg
- Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA; (D.L.A.); (E.C.F.)
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.C.L.); (A.A.)
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA;
| | - Colin R. Jefcoate
- Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53705, USA; (M.C.L.); (A.A.)
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11
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Li K, Li K, He Y, Liang S, Shui X, Lei W. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: A bridge linking immuno-inflammation and metabolism in atherosclerosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 216:115744. [PMID: 37579858 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide, and atherosclerosis is a major contributor to this etiology. The ligand-activated transcription factor, known as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), plays an essential role in the interactions between genes and the environment. In a number of human diseases, including atherosclerosis, the AhR signaling pathway has recently been shown to be aberrantly expressed and activated. It's reported that AhR can regulate the immuno-inflammatory response and metabolism pathways in atherosclerosis, potentially serving as a bridge that links these processes. In this review, we highlight the involvement of AhR in atherosclerosis. From the literature, we conclude that AhR is a potential target for controlling atherosclerosis through precise interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kongwei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaiyue Li
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuan He
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Cardiovascular Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorong Shui
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Laboratory of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
| | - Wei Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Molecular Diagnosis and Innovative Drugs Translation of Cardiopulmonary Vascular Diseases, University Joint Laboratory of Guangdong Province and Macao Region on Molecular Targets and Intervention of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China; Department of Precision Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China.
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12
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Mohammadkhani MA, Shahrzad S, Haghighi M, Ghanbari R, Mohamadkhani A. Insights into Organochlorine Pesticides Exposure in the Development of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Systematic Review. ARCHIVES OF IRANIAN MEDICINE 2023; 26:592-599. [PMID: 38310416 PMCID: PMC10862093 DOI: 10.34172/aim.2023.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Many human diseases such as cancer, neurological diseases, autism and diabetes are associated with exposure to pesticides, especially organochlorine pesticides. However, pesticide exposure is also associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) as the leading cause of death worldwide. In this systematic review, results on the link between organochlorine pesticide pollution and CVD were collected from databases (Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Science Direct) in May 2022 from studies published between 2010 and 2022. A total of 24 articles were selected for this systematic review. Sixteen articles were extracted by reviewers using a standardized form that included cross-sectional, cohort, and ecological studies that reported exposure to organochlorine pesticides in association with increased CVD risk. In addition, eight articles covering molecular mechanisms organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on cardiovascular effects were retrieved for detailed evaluation. Based on the findings of the study, it seems elevated circulating levels of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs increase the risk of coronary heart disease, especially in early life exposure to these pesticides and especially in men. Changes in the regulatory function of peroxisome proliferator-activated γ receptor (PPARγ), reduction of paroxonase activity (PON1), epigenetic changes of histone through induction of reactive oxygen species, vascular endothelial inflammation with miR-expression 126 and miR-31, increased collagen synthesis enzymes in the extracellular matrix and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and fibrosis are mechanisms by which PCBs increase the risk of CVD. According to this systematic review, organochlorine pesticide exposure is associated with increased risk of CVD and CVD mortality through the atherogenic and inflammatory molecular mechanism involving fatty acid and glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soraya Shahrzad
- Department of Cardiology, Shariati Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Haghighi
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Ghanbari
- Gene Therapy Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashraf Mohamadkhani
- Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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13
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Mandal A, Biswas N, Alam MN. Implications of xenobiotic-response element(s) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor in health and diseases. Hum Cell 2023; 36:1638-1655. [PMID: 37329424 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00931-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The effect of air pollution on public health is severely detrimental. In humans; the physiological response against pollutants is mainly elicited via the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). It acts as a prime sensor of xenobiotic chemicals, also functioning as a transcription factor regulating a variety of gene expressions. Along with AhR, another pivotal element of the pollution stress pathway is Xenobiotic Response Elements (XREs). XRE, as studied are some conserved sequences in the DNA, responsible for the physiological response against pollutants. XRE is present at the upstream of the inducible target genes of AhR and it regulates the function of the AhR. XRE(s) are highly conserved in species as it has only eight specific sequences found so far in humans, mice, and rats. Inhalation of toxicants like dioxins, gaseous industrial effluents, and smoke from burning fuel and tobacco leads to predominant damage to the lungs. However, scientists are exploring the involvement of AhR in chronic diseases for example chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and also other lethal diseases like lung cancer. In this review, we summarise what is known at this time about the roles played by the XRE and AhR in our molecular systems that have a defined control in the normal maintenance of homeostasis as well as dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Mandal
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Nabendu Biswas
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Md Nur Alam
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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14
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Veltman CHJ, Pennings JLA, van de Water B, Luijten M. An Adverse Outcome Pathway Network for Chemically Induced Oxidative Stress Leading to (Non)genotoxic Carcinogenesis. Chem Res Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 37156502 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.2c00396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Nongenotoxic (NGTX) carcinogens induce cancer via other mechanisms than direct DNA damage. A recognized mode of action for NGTX carcinogens is induction of oxidative stress, a state in which the amount of oxidants in a cell exceeds its antioxidant capacity, leading to regenerative proliferation. Currently, carcinogenicity assessment of environmental chemicals primarily relies on genetic toxicity end points. Since NGTX carcinogens lack genotoxic potential, these chemicals may remain undetected in such evaluations. To enhance the predictivity of test strategies for carcinogenicity assessment, a shift toward mechanism-based approaches is required. Here, we present an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) network for chemically induced oxidative stress leading to (NGTX) carcinogenesis. To develop this AOP network, we first investigated the role of oxidative stress in the various cancer hallmarks. Next, possible mechanisms for chemical induction of oxidative stress and the biological effects of oxidative damage to macromolecules were considered. This resulted in an AOP network, of which associated uncertainties were explored. Ultimately, development of AOP networks relevant for carcinogenesis in humans will aid the transition to a mechanism-based, human relevant carcinogenicity assessment that involves a substantially lower number of laboratory animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina H J Veltman
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen L A Pennings
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Bob van de Water
- Division of Drug Discovery and Safety, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mirjam Luijten
- Centre for Health Protection, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
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15
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Zhang M, Chen J, Jiang Y, Chen T. Fine particulate matter induces heart defects via AHR/ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135962. [PMID: 35948106 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating body of evidence indicates that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is closely associated with congenital heart disease in the offspring, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We previously reported that extractable organic matter (EOM) from PM2.5 induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction by activating aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), leading to heart defects in zebrafish embryos. We hypothesized that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress might be elicited by the excessive ROS production and thereby contribute to the cardiac developmental toxicity of PM2.5. In this study, we examined the effects of EOM on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, apoptosis, and Wnt signal pathway in zebrafish embryos, and explored their roles in EOM-induced heart defects. Our results showed that 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), a pharmaceutical inhibitor of ER stress, significantly attenuated the EOM-elevated heart malformation rates. Moreover, EOM upregulated the expression levels of ER stress marker genes including CHOP and PDI in the heart of zebrafish embryos, which were counteracted by genetic or pharmaceutical inhibition of AHR activity. The ROS scavenger N-Acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) also abolished the EOM-induced ER stress. We further demonstrated that both 4-PBA and CHOP genetic knockdown rescued the PM2.5-induced ROS overproduction, apoptosis and suppression of Wnt signaling. In conclusion, our results indicate that PM2.5 induces AHR/ROS-mediated ER stress, which leads to apoptosis and Wnt signaling inhibition, ultimately resulting in heart defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Zhang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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16
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Zhou BB, Liu D, Qian JC, Tan RX. Vegetable-derived indole enhances the melanoma-treating efficacy of chemotherapeutics. Phytother Res 2022; 36:4278-4292. [PMID: 35883268 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Food-drug interaction is an important but overlooked issue. For example, little is known concerning whether or not the chemotherapy of cancers is affected by the well-defined dietary chemicals such as 2-(indol-3-ylmethyl)-3,3'-diindolylmethane (LTr1) derived from daily consumed cruciferous vegetables. This work, inspired by the described melanogenesis reduction by certain indoles, presents that LTr1 mitigates the melanogenesis and thus potentiates the in vitro and in vivo anti-melanoma effectiveness of different chemotherapeutic agents including dacarbazine, vemurafenib, and sorafenib. In B16 melanoma cells, LTr1 was shown to inhibit the melanogenesis by acting towards the regulatory (R) subunit of protein kinase A (PRKAR1a) associated with the phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB). This allows LTr1 to reduce the expression of melanogenesis-related enzymes such as tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TYRP1), and tyrosinase-related protein 2 (TYRP2). Furthermore, LTr1 was addressed to bind to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and up-regulate the expression of CYP1A1 encoding cytochrome P450 1A1, leading to the escalation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. The increased ROS generation promotes the cysteine-to-cystine transformation to inhibit the pheomelanogenesis in melanomas. Collectively, the work identifies LTr1 as a new melanogenesis inhibitor that modulates the PKA/CREB/MITF and AhR/CYP1A1/ROS pathways, thereby providing a new option for (re)sensitizing melanomas to chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bei Bei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Cheng Qian
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren Xiang Tan
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Traditional Chinese Medicine Quality and Efficacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Hopp K, Kleczko EK, Gitomer BY, Chonchol M, Klawitter J, Christians U, Klawitter J. Metabolic reprogramming in a slowly developing orthologous model of polycystic kidney disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2022; 322:F258-F267. [PMID: 35037466 PMCID: PMC8858679 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00262.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited kidney disease and affects 1 in 1,000 individuals. There is accumulating evidence suggesting that there are shared cellular mechanisms responsible for cystogenesis in human and murine PKD and that reprogramming of metabolism is a key disease feature. In this study, we used a targeted metabolomics approach in an orthologous mouse model of PKD (Pkd1RC/RC) to investigate the metabolic modifications a cystic kidney undergoes during disease progression. Using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway database, we identified several biologically relevant metabolic pathways that were altered early in this disease (in 3-mo-old Pkd1RC/RC mice), the most highly represented being arginine biosynthesis and metabolism and tryptophan and phenylalanine metabolism. During the next 6 mo of disease progression, multiple uremic solutes accumulated in the kidney of cystic mice, including several established markers of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction (allantoin, asymmetric dimethylarginine, homocysteine, malondialdehyde, methionine sulfoxide, and S-adenosylhomocysteine). Levels of kynurenines and polyamines were also augmented in kidneys of Pkd1RC/RC versus wild-type mice, as were the levels of bacteria-produced indoles, whose increase within PKD kidneys suggests microbial dysbiosis. In summary, we confirmed previously published and identified novel metabolic markers and pathways of PKD progression that may prove helpful for diagnosis and monitoring of cystic kidney disease in patients. Furthermore, they provide targets for novel therapeutic approaches that deserve further study and hint toward currently understudied pathomechanisms.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This report delineates the evolution of metabolic changes occurring during autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) progression. Using an orthologous model, we performed kidney metabolomics and confirmed dysregulation of metabolic pathways previously found altered in nonorthologous or rapidly-progressive PKD models. Importantly, we identified novel alterations, including augmentation of kynurenines, polyamines, and indoles, suggesting increased inflammation and microbial dysbiosis that provide insights into PKD pathomechanisms and may prove helpful for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating ADPKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hopp
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Emily K Kleczko
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Berenice Y Gitomer
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michel Chonchol
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Consortium for Fibrosis Research and Translation, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jost Klawitter
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Uwe Christians
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Jelena Klawitter
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
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18
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Hwang J, Newton EM, Hsiao J, Shi VY. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (AHR/NRF2) Signaling: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Atopic Dermatitis. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:485-497. [PMID: 35174548 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) modulation are emerging as novel targets in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and other inflammatory skin disorders. Agonist activation of this pathway has downstream effects on epidermal barrier function, immunomodulation, oxidative stress reduction, and cutaneous microbiome modulation. Tapinarof, a dual agonist of the AHR/NRF2 signaling pathway, has shown promise in phase 2 trials for atopic dermatitis. In this review, we summarize current knowledge of the AHR/NRF2 pathway and implications in skin disease process. We also review the therapeutic potential of current AHR agonists and propose future directions to address knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonwei Hwang
- University of Illinois College of Medicine, 808 S. Wood St. - 380 CME, Chicago, IL, 60612-7307, USA
| | - Edita M Newton
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, 4301 West Markham, Slot 576, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
| | - Jennifer Hsiao
- University of Southern California, Department of Dermatology, Ezralow Tower, 1441 Eastlake Avenue, Suite 5301, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Vivian Y Shi
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Dermatology, 4301 West Markham, Slot 576, Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, USA
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19
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Liu Y, Jia X, Zhu H, Zhang Q, He Y, Shen Y, Xu X, Li J. The effects of exposure to microplastics on grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) at the physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic levels. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 286:131831. [PMID: 34411925 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are pollutants that are widely distributed in the aquatic environment. Fish are directly exposed to water and are at risk of ingesting a large amount of MPs. In the present study, the grass carp were exposed to two concentrations of MPs (1000 and 100 μg/L) and fluorescence signals were detected in the liver digestion solution. Grass carp exposed to MPs for 21-days showed liver cytoplasmic vacuolation and inhibited growth. At the end of the exposure period, the fish treated with MPs exhibited inhibition of the antioxidant system and enhancement oxidative stress in comparison with the control group. The transcriptome analysis of grass carp was then performed to reveal the molecular mechanism of the response to MPs. In total, 1554 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The results of GO and KEGG pathway analysis of the DEGs identified energy metabolism-related pathways and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway. Taken together, the present study not only highlighted oxidative stress and metabolism disorders related to MP ingestion, but also determined the risk of MP exposure to teleost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuewen Jia
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qingjing Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fishery Biotechnology, Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yan He
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yubang Shen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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20
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Fernández-Gallego N, Sánchez-Madrid F, Cibrian D. Role of AHR Ligands in Skin Homeostasis and Cutaneous Inflammation. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113176. [PMID: 34831399 PMCID: PMC8622815 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an important regulator of skin barrier function. It also controls immune-mediated skin responses. The AHR modulates various physiological functions by acting as a sensor that mediates environment–cell interactions, particularly during immune and inflammatory responses. Diverse experimental systems have been used to assess the AHR’s role in skin inflammation, including in vitro assays of keratinocyte stimulation and murine models of psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. Similar approaches have addressed the role of AHR ligands, e.g., TCDD, FICZ, and microbiota-derived metabolites, in skin homeostasis and pathology. Tapinarof is a novel AHR-modulating agent that inhibits skin inflammation and enhances skin barrier function. The topical application of tapinarof is being evaluated in clinical trials to treat psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In the present review, we summarize the effects of natural and synthetic AHR ligands in keratinocytes and inflammatory cells, and their relevance in normal skin homeostasis and cutaneous inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Fernández-Gallego
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Sánchez-Madrid
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.S.-M.); (D.C.)
| | - Danay Cibrian
- Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa (IIS-IP), 28006 Madrid, Spain;
- Vascular Pathophysiology Area, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (F.S.-M.); (D.C.)
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21
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Huang Y, Zhang J, Tao Y, Ji C, Aniagu S, Jiang Y, Chen T. AHR/ROS-mediated mitochondria apoptosis contributes to benzo[a]pyrene-induced heart defects and the protective effects of resveratrol. Toxicology 2021; 462:152965. [PMID: 34597721 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a prototypical polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, is widely present in the environment. BaP-induced heart defects have been frequently reported, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we found that BaP increased heart malformations in zebrafish embryos in a concentration-dependent manner, which were attenuated by supplementation with either CH223191 (CH), an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) inhibitor, or N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger. While CH and NAC both inhibited BaP-induced ROS generation, NAC had no effect on BaP-induced AHR activation. We further demonstrated that BaP increased mitochondrial ROS, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and caused endogenous apoptosis, with all these effects being counteracted by supplementation with either CH or NAC. Resveratrol (RSV), a natural AHR antagonist and ROS scavenger, also counteracted the heart malformations caused by BaP. Further experiments showed that RSV attenuated BaP-induced oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, but had no significant effect on AHR activation. In conclusion, our findings show that BaP induces oxidative stress via AHR activation, which causes mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis, resulting in heart malformations in zebrafish embryos, and that RSV had a protective effect against BaP-induced heart defects mainly by inhibiting oxidative stress rather than through antagonism of AHR activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Huang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yizhou Tao
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ji
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment, and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yan Jiang
- School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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22
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Sadowska A, Nynca A, Ruszkowska M, Paukszto L, Myszczynski K, Swigonska S, Orlowska K, Molcan T, Jastrzebski JP, Ciereszko RE. Transcriptional profiling of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Reprod Toxicol 2021; 104:143-154. [PMID: 34363982 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a man-made chemical compound contaminating the environment. An exposure of organisms to TCDD results in numerous disorders. The main mechanism of TCDD action involves the induction of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway followed by the increase in the expression and activity of cytochrome P450 family 1 (CYP1) enzymes. The main aim of the present study was to identify, by means of RNA sequencing, transcripts involved in the mechanism of TCDD action in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, known to not express CYP1A1 enzyme. The CHO cells were treated with TCDD for 3, 12 or 24 h, and total RNA was isolated and sequenced. Thirty six (padjusted < 0.05) or six (padjusted < 0.05, log2FC ≥ 1.0/log2FC≤-1.0) differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in TCDD-treated cells depending on the assumed statistical criteria. The dioxin up- and downregulated the expression of genes associated with ovarian follicle functions, development, cardiovascular system, signal transduction, inflammation and carcinogenesis. TCDD did not affect the expression of any of 522 miRNAs which were identified in the cells. The expression of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 was demonstrated neither in control nor in TCDD-treated CHO cells, although the respective genes were found in the cell genome. Twenty two other CYP enzymes were identified in CHO cells, however their expression was also not affected by TCDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sadowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Anna Nynca
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Monika Ruszkowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Lukasz Paukszto
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Kamil Myszczynski
- Department of Botany and Nature Protection, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Sylwia Swigonska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karina Orlowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Tomasz Molcan
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jan P Jastrzebski
- Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Renata E Ciereszko
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
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Tanaka K, Adachi H, Akasaka H, Tamaoki J, Fuse Y, Kobayashi M, Kitazawa T, Teraoka H. Oxidative stress inducers potentiate 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-mediated pre-cardiac edema in larval zebrafish. J Vet Med Sci 2021; 83:1050-1058. [PMID: 34024870 PMCID: PMC8349820 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We reported the involvement of oxidative stress and prostaglandins including thromboxane and prostacyclin in pre-cardiac edema (early edema) caused by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). While the involvement of oxidative stress in TCDD-induced toxicity has been frequently reported, the mechanism of its action is still unclear. In the present study, oxidative stress inducers including paraquat, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and rotenone augmented early edema (edema) induced by a low concentration of TCDD (0.1 ppb) at 55 hr post fertilization (hpf), while each of them alone did not cause edema. Edema caused by TCDD plus oxidative stress inducers was almost abolished by antioxidants, an antagonist for thromboxane receptor (ICI-192,605) and an agonist for prostacyclin receptor (beraprost), suggesting that the site of action of these inducers was in the regular signaling pathway after activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor type 2 (AHR2) by TCDD. Oxidative stress inducers also enhanced edema caused by an agonist for the thromboxane receptor (U46619), and the enhancement was also inhibited by antioxidants. Sulforaphane and auranofin, activators of Nrf2 that is a master regulator of anti-oxidative response, did not affect U46619-evoked edema but almost abolished TCDD-induced edema and potentiation by paraquat in both TCDD- and U46619-induced edema. Taken together, the results suggest that oxidative stress augments pre-cardiac edema caused by TCDD via activation of thromboxane receptor-mediated signaling in developing zebrafish. As paraquat and other oxidative stress inducers used also are environmental pollutants, interaction between dioxin-like compounds and exogenous source of oxidative stress should also be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuki Tanaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hikaru Adachi
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hironobu Akasaka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Junya Tamaoki
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yuji Fuse
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Takio Kitazawa
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroki Teraoka
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan
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Kim JE, Kim HR, Kang SY, Jung MJ, Heo NH, Lee HJ, Ryu A, Kim HO, Park CW, Chung BY. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Autophagy-Related Protein Microtubule-Associated Protein Light Chain 3 Expression in Psoriasis. Ann Dermatol 2021; 33:138-146. [PMID: 33935455 PMCID: PMC8082009 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2021.33.2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and autophagy are both important to maintain skin homeostasis. However, they are also involved in skin disorders. So far, their roles in psoriasis pathogenesis are unknown. Objective We studied the immunohistochemical and gene expression of AHR, CYP1A1, and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) in lesional skin of psoriasis patients to determine correlations among them. Methods We included 24 psoriasis patients and ten healthy volunteers. Skin biopsies were collected. AHR, CYP1A1, and LC3 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. AHR, CYP1A1, LC3, ATG5, BECN1 and Nrf2 mRNA levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results AHR and CYP1A1 protein expression were higher in psoriasis lesional skin than in normal skin. LC3 protein expression was lower in psoriasis lesions than in normal controls. AHR and CYP1A1 protein expression in psoriasis lesions showed significant positive correlations with mean epidermal thickness and inflammatory cell density. Significant negative correlations were noted between LC3 protein expression in psoriasis lesions and the mean epidermal thickness or inflammatory cell density. A significant negative correlation was found between AHR and LC3 expression in psoriatic skin. AHR, CYP1A1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression were upregulated while LC3, ATG5, and BECN1 mRNA were down-regulated, in psoriatic lesional skin compared with normal controls. Conclusion AHR and autophagy could play a role in psoriasis pathogenesis by modifying epidermal hyperproliferation and inflammation. AHR and autophagy regulation are potential therapeutic targets in chronic inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hye Ran Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Young Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Je Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Hun Heo
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Clinical Trial Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Aeli Ryu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Wook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Predictive and Preventive Mucosal Communications in Particulate Matter Exposure-Linked Renal Distress. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11020118. [PMID: 33670188 PMCID: PMC7916923 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11020118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite research into the epidemiological link between exposure to particulate matter (PM) and renal disorder, there is limited information available on the etiological complexity and molecular mechanisms. Among the early responsive tissues to PM exposure, the mucosal barrier of the airway and alimentary tract may be a crucial source of pathologic mediators leading to inflammatory renal diseases, including chronic kidney disease (CKD). Given that harmful responses and products in mucosa exposed to PM may enter the circulation and cause adverse outcomes in the kidney, the aim of the present review was to address the impact of PM exposure on the mucosal barrier and the vicious feedback cycle in the mucosal environment. In addition to the PM-induced alteration of mucosal barrier integrity, the microbial community has a pivotal role in the xenobiotic metabolism and individual susceptibility to PM toxicity. The dysbiosis-induced deleterious metabolites of PM and nutrients are introduced systemically via a disrupted mucosal barrier, contributing to renal injuries and pathologic severity. In contrast, the progress of mucosa-associated renal disease is counteracted by endogenous protective responses in the mucosa. Along with direct elimination of the toxic mediators, modulators of the mucosal microbial community should provide a promising platform for mucosa-based personalized interventions against renal disorders caused by air pollution.
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Mechanistic Implications of Biomass-Derived Particulate Matter for Immunity and Immune Disorders. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9020018. [PMID: 33498426 PMCID: PMC7909393 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9020018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is a major and the most harmful component of urban air pollution, which may adversely affect human health. PM exposure has been associated with several human diseases, notably respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. In particular, recent evidence suggests that exposure to biomass-derived PM associates with airway inflammation and can aggravate asthma and other allergic diseases. Defective or excess responsiveness in the immune system regulates distinct pathologies, such as infections, hypersensitivity, and malignancies. Therefore, PM-induced modulation of the immune system is crucial for understanding how it causes these diseases and highlighting key molecular mechanisms that can mitigate the underlying pathologies. Emerging evidence has revealed that immune responses to biomass-derived PM exposure are closely associated with the risk of diverse hypersensitivity disorders, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and allergen sensitization. Moreover, immunological alteration by PM accounts for increased susceptibility to infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Evidence-based understanding of the immunological effects of PM and the molecular machinery would provide novel insights into clinical interventions or prevention against acute and chronic environmental disorders induced by biomass-derived PM.
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Furue M, Ishii Y, Tsukimori K, Tsuji G. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Dioxin-Related Health Hazards-Lessons from Yusho. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020708. [PMID: 33445793 PMCID: PMC7828254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poisoning by high concentrations of dioxin and its related compounds manifests variable toxic symptoms such as general malaise, chloracne, hyperpigmentation, sputum and cough, paresthesia or numbness of the extremities, hypertriglyceridemia, perinatal abnormalities, and elevated risks of cancer-related mortality. Such health hazards are observed in patients with Yusho (oil disease in Japanese) who had consumed rice bran oil highly contaminated with 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated quaterphenyls in 1968. The blood concentrations of these congeners in patients with Yusho remain extremely elevated 50 years after onset. Dioxins exert their toxicity via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review article, we discuss the pathogenic implication of AHR in dioxin-induced health hazards. We also mention the potential therapeutic use of herbal drugs targeting AHR and ROS in patients with Yusho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Division of Pharmaceutical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Kiyomi Tsukimori
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatal Center, Fukuoka Children’s Hospital, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan;
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Eleftheriadis T, Pissas G, Filippidis G, Liakopoulos V, Stefanidis I. Reoxygenation induces reactive oxygen species production and ferroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:41. [PMID: 33179104 PMCID: PMC7684866 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
During the reperfusion phase of ischemia-reperfusion injury, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production aggravates the course of many diseases, including acute kidney injury. Among the various enzymes implicated in ROS production are the enzymes of the cytochromes P450 superfamily (CYPs). Since arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR) controls the expression of certain CYPs, the involvement of this pathway was evaluated in reperfusion injury. Because AhR may interact with the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), whether such an interaction takes place and affects reperfusion injury was also assessed. Proximal renal proximal tubular epithelial cells were subjected to anoxia and subsequent reoxygenation. At the onset of reoxygenation, the AhR inhibitor CH223191, the HIF-1α activator roxadustat, or the ferroptosis inhibitor α-tocopherol were used. The activity of AhR, Nrf2, HIF-1α, and their transcriptional targets were assessed with western blotting. ROS production, lipid peroxidation and cell death were measured with colorimetric assays or cell imaging. Reoxygenation induced ROS production, lipid peroxidation and cell ferroptosis, whereas CH223191 prevented all. Roxadustat did not affect the above parameters. Reoxygenation activated AhR and increased CYP1A1, while CH223191 prevented both. Reoxygenation with or without CH223191 did not alter Nrf2 or HIF-1α activity. Thus, AhR is activated during reoxygenation and induces ROS production, lipid peroxidation and ferroptotic cell death. These detrimental effects may be mediated by AhR-induced CYP overexpression, while the Nrf2 or the HIF-1α pathways remain unaffected. Accordingly, the AhR pathway may represent a promising therapeutic target for the prevention of reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theodoros Eleftheriadis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios Pissas
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgios Filippidis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vassilios Liakopoulos
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Stefanidis
- Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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Furue M. Regulation of Filaggrin, Loricrin, and Involucrin by IL-4, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-22, AHR, and NRF2: Pathogenic Implications in Atopic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5382. [PMID: 32751111 PMCID: PMC7432778 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an eczematous, pruritic skin disorder with extensive barrier dysfunction and elevated interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 signatures. The barrier dysfunction correlates with the downregulation of barrier-related molecules such as filaggrin (FLG), loricrin (LOR), and involucrin (IVL). IL-4 and IL-13 potently inhibit the expression of these molecules by activating signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)6 and STAT3. In addition to IL-4 and IL-13, IL-22 and IL-17A are probably involved in the barrier dysfunction by inhibiting the expression of these barrier-related molecules. In contrast, natural or medicinal ligands for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) are potent upregulators of FLG, LOR, and IVL expression. As IL-4, IL-13, IL-22, and IL-17A are all capable of inducing oxidative stress, antioxidative AHR agonists such as coal tar, glyteer, and tapinarof exert particular therapeutic efficacy for AD. These antioxidative AHR ligands are known to activate an antioxidative transcription factor, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2). This article focuses on the mechanisms by which FLG, LOR, and IVL expression is regulated by IL-4, IL-13, IL-22, and IL-17A. The author also summarizes how AHR and NRF2 dual activators exert their beneficial effects in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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30
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Baicalein Inhibits Benzo[a]pyrene-Induced Toxic Response by Downregulating Src Phosphorylation and by Upregulating NRF2-HMOX1 System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060507. [PMID: 32526964 PMCID: PMC7346154 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), a major environmental pollutant, activates aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), induces its cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation and upregulates the production of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), a xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme which metabolize BaP. The BaP-AHR-CYP1A1 axis generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces proinflammatory cytokines. Although the anti-inflammatory phytochemical baicalein (BAI) is known to inhibit the BaP-AHR-mediated CYP1A1 expression, its subcellular signaling remains elusive. In this study, normal human epidermal keratinocytes and HaCaT keratinocytes were treated with BAI, BaP, or BAI + BaP, and assessed for the CYP1A1 expression, antioxidative pathways, ROS generation, and proinflammatory cytokine expressions. BAI and BAI-containing herbal medicine Wogon and Oren-gedoku-to could inhibit the BaP-induced CYP1A1 expression. In addition, BAI activated antioxidative system nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), leading the reduction of BaP-induced ROS production. The BaP-induced IL1A and IL1B was also downregulated by BAI. BAI inhibited the phosphorylation of Src, a component of AHR cytoplasmic complex, which eventually interfered with the cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation of AHR. These results indicate that BAI and BAI-containing herbal drugs may be useful for inhibiting the toxic effects of BaP via dual AHR-CYP1A1-inhibiting and NRF2-HMOX1-activating activities.
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Ochiai M, Kurihara N, Hirano M, Nakata A, Iwata H. In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Risk Assessments of Environmental Pollutants Using Fibroblasts of a Stranded Finless Porpoise ( Neophocaena asiaeorientalis). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:6832-6841. [PMID: 32337981 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b07471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cetaceans accumulate high levels of environmental pollutants, yet their toxicological studies have been difficult due to technical and ethical issues. It is essential to identify and fill the current knowledge gaps in the in vitro assays available for cetaceans. The present study establishes a novel in vitro assay that uses the fibroblasts of a finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) (FF) stranded in the Seto Inland Sea (SIS) to answer questions about the cytotoxicity and risks of environmental pollutants. FF were treated with 17 compounds including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and their metabolites (DDTs) and evaluated for cytotoxicity, viability, and apoptosis. The results of FF were compared with those of human fibroblasts (HF). The relative potencies of the test compounds were comparable between the two species, as EC50 of these compounds significantly correlated for FF and HF. Exposure-activity ratios (EARs) revealed that accumulation of PCBs and DDTs are likely to pose adverse effects at the cellular level in the SIS finless porpoises, as their tissue concentrations exceeded EC50 values obtained in this study. This study successfully evaluated the risks of environmental pollutants using cetacean fibroblasts isolated by a non-invasive method that may be applied to various cetacean species and compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Ochiai
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime 790-8577 Japan
| | - Nozomi Kurihara
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1, Yoshida, Yamaguchi City, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan
| | - Masashi Hirano
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime 790-8577 Japan
| | - Akifumi Nakata
- Hokkaido University of Science, 7-Jo 15-4-1 Maeda, Teine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8585, Japan
| | - Hisato Iwata
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama City, Ehime 790-8577 Japan
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Ren F, Ji C, Huang Y, Aniagu S, Jiang Y, Chen T. AHR-mediated ROS production contributes to the cardiac developmental toxicity of PM2.5 in zebrafish embryos. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 719:135097. [PMID: 31837856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown an association between maternal exposure to ambient fine particle matter (PM2.5) and congenital heart defects in the offspring, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Previously, we demonstrated that extractable organic matter (EOM) from PM2.5 induced heart defects in zebrafish embryos by activating the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Hence, we hypothesized that AHR mediates excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to the cardiac developmental toxicity of PM2.5. To test our hypothesis, we examined AHR activity and ROS levels in the heart of zebrafish embryos under a fluorescence microscope. mRNA expression levels were then quantified using qPCR whereas DNA damage and apoptosis were detected by immunofluorescence. Our results showed that the AHR inhibitor, CH223191 (CH) as well as the ROS scavenger, N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC), significantly mitigated the PM2.5-induced cardiac malformations in zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, both CH and NAC diminished the EOM-elevated ROS generation, DNA damage and apoptosis in the test system. Incidentally, both CH and NAC attenuated the EOM-induced changes in the mRNA expression of genes involved in cardiac development (nkx2.5, sox9b), oxidative stress (nrf2a, nrf2b, gstp1, gstp2, sod2, ho1, cat) and apoptosis (p53, bax). We further confirmed that AHR activity is a necessary condition for EOM-induced ROS generation, DNA damage and apoptosis, through AHR knockdown. However, the ROS scavenger NAC did not counteract the EOM-induced AHR activity. In conclusion, our findings suggest that AHR mediates EOM-induced oxidative stress, resulting in DNA damage and apoptosis, thereby contributing to the cardiac developmental toxicity of PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Ren
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yujie Huang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Stanley Aniagu
- Toxicology, Risk Assessment and Research Division, Texas Commission on Environmental Quality, 12015 Park 35 Cir, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Yan Jiang
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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Walsh-Wilcox MT, Kaye J, Rubinstein E, Walker MK. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin Induces Vascular Dysfunction That is Dependent on Perivascular Adipose and Cytochrome P4501A1 Expression. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 19:565-574. [PMID: 31115867 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-019-09529-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is associated with hypertension in humans and animals, and studies suggest that cytochrome P4501A1 (Cyp1a1) induction and vascular dysfunction may contribute. We investigated the role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and Cyp1a1 in TCDD-induced vascular dysfunction. Cyp1a1 wild-type (WT) and knockout (KO) male mice were fed a dough pill containing 1,4-p-dioxane (TCDD vehicle control) on days 0 and 7, or 1000 ng/kg TCDD on day 0 and 250 ng/kg TCDD on day 7. mRNA expression of Cyp1a1 was assessed on days 3, 7, and 14, and of Cyp1b1, 1a2, angiotensinogen, and phosphodiesterase 5a on day 14. Dose-dependent vasoconstriction to a thromboxane A2 mimetic (U46619), and vasorelaxation to acetylcholine and a nitric oxide donor (S-nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine, SNAP), were investigated in the aorta with and without PVAT. Cyp1a1 and 1a2 mRNA was induced in aorta of WT mice only with PVAT, and Cyp1a1 induction was sustained through day 14. TCDD significantly enhanced constriction to U46619 in WT mice and inhibited relaxation to both acetylcholine and SNAP, but only in the presence of PVAT. The effects of TCDD on U46619 constriction and SNAP relaxation were not observed in Cyp1a1 KO mice. Finally, in aorta + PVAT of WT mice TCDD significantly induced expression of angiotensinogen and phosphodiesterase 5a both of which could contribute to the TCDD-induced vascular dysfunction. These data establish PVAT as a TCDD target which is critically involved in mediating vascular dysfunction. TCDD enhances vasoconstriction via the thromboxane/prostanoid (TP) receptor and inhibits vasorelaxation via nitric oxide (NO) signaling. This TCDD-induced vascular dysfunction requires perivascular adipose (PVAT) and cytochrome P4501a1 (CYP1a1) induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary T Walsh-Wilcox
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 2703 Frontier Ave NE MSC09 5630, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA
| | - Joel Kaye
- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd, Netanya, Israel.,Ayala Targeted Therapies, Rehovot, Israel
| | | | - Mary K Walker
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, 2703 Frontier Ave NE MSC09 5630, Albuquerque, NM, 87131, USA.
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Furue M, Nakahara T. Revival of AHR Agonist for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Tapinarof. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-020-00259-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Zhang Z, Zhou M, He J, Shi T, Zhang S, Tang N, Chen W. Polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans exposure and altered lung function: The mediating role of oxidative stress. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 137:105521. [PMID: 32007688 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The lung has been reported to be one of the target organs of polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDD/Fs) in many toxicological studies. While the associations between PCDD/Fs exposure and lung function levels have not been investigated thoroughly. This study aimed to explore these associations and the potential mediating role of oxidative stress. In this study, 201 foundry workers and 222 non-exposed general residents were recruited from central China, and their lung function parameters were measured. Air and food samples were collected to determine the PCDD/Fs levels for individual PCDD/Fs exposure estimation. Serum PCDD/Fs levels were determined in a subgroup of individuals randomly selected from the study population to reflect the body burden. It was found that each 1-unit increase in ln-transformed concentration of PCDD/Fs exposure (fg TEQ/bw/day) was associated with a 0.47 L decrease in FVC and a 0.25 L decrease in FEV1. Each 1-unit increase in ln-transformed concentration of serum PCDD/Fs (fg TEQ/g lipid) was associated with a 0.36 L decrease in FVC and a 0.24 L decrease in FEV1. Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) was not only positively related to PCDD/Fs exposure, but also inversely associated with FVC and FEV1 are FVC (β = -0.15, 95% CI: -0.22 to -0.08) and FEV1 (β = -0.07, 95% CI: -0.13 to -0.02). Mediation analysis revealed that urinary 8-OHdG mediated 12.22% of the associations of external PCDD/Fs exposure with FVC levels, 28.61% and 27.87% of the associations of serum PCDD/Fs with FVC and FEV1 levels respectively. Our findings suggested that PCDD/Fs exposure was associated with decreased lung function levels by a mechanism partly involving oxidatively generated damage to DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Jintong He
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Zhuhai Center for Chronic Disease Control, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519060, China
| | - Tingming Shi
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, China
| | - Sukun Zhang
- Center for Research on Urban Environment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP), Guangzhou 510655, China
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Hou J, Yin W, Li P, Hu C, Xu T, Cheng J, Li T, Wang L, Yu Z, Yuan J. Joint effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates exposure on telomere length and lung function. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121663. [PMID: 31784133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phthalates are linked to lung function decline and altered relative telomere length (RTL) accompanying with oxidative stress and inflammatory events in human body. However, limited data are available about impacts of co-exposure of PAHs and phthalates on lung function and RTL. We conducted a pilot study with repeated measures during the winter of 2014 and summer of 2015 in Wuhan city, China. Participants took part in the measures of lung function, RTL, urinary monohydroxylated-PAHs (OH-PAHs) and phthalate metabolites over three consecutive days in each season. Linear mixed-effect (LME) models and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were used to analyze the relations of OH-PAHs or phthalate metabolites with lung function or RTL. LME models showed the negative associations of 3-day average of hydroxyphenanthrene (2 + 3-, 4-OHPhe) or 1-hydroxypyrene with FEV1, 3-day average of 2 + 3-OHPhe with FVC. BKMR models revealed the negative relation of eight OH-PAHs with FEV1, FVC or RTL; nine phthalate metabolites may counteract an overall effect of eight OH-PAHs on FEV1, FVC or RTL. The findings indicated that urinary phthalate metabolites may counteract the negative association of urinary OH-PAHs on FEV1 or FVC, which may be partially linked to shorter RTL regarding biological aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenjun Yin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Pei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment and Resources, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Chen Hu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tian Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Juan Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Tian Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhiqiang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environment and Resources, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, PR China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Hangkong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China.
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Yan R, Ku T, Yue H, Li G, Sang N. PM 2.5 exposure induces age-dependent hepatic lipid metabolism disorder in female mice. J Environ Sci (China) 2020; 89:227-237. [PMID: 31892394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter exposure has been described to elevate the risk of lung and cardiovascular diseases. An increasing number of recent studies have indicated positive correlations between PM2.5 (the fraction of airborne particles with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) exposure and the risk of liver diseases. However, research on the effects of PM2.5 exposure on liver fat synthesis, secretion, and clearance mechanisms under normal diet conditions is limited, and whether these effects are age-dependent is largely unknown. Female C57BL/6 mice at different ages (4 weeks (4 w), 4 months (4 m), and 10 months (10 m)) were treated with 3 mg/kg body weight of PM2.5 every other day for 4 weeks. Subsequently, the ultrastructural changes of liver, the expression of genes involved in oxidative damage and lipid metabolism in the liver were examined. Observation of hepatic ultrastructure showed more and larger lipid droplets in the livers of 4-week-old and 10-month-old mice exposed to PM2.5. Further analysis showed that PM2.5 exposure increased the expression of genes related to lipid synthesis, but decreased the expression of genes involved in lipid transport and catabolism in the livers of 10-month-old mice. Our findings suggest that exposure to PM2.5 disrupts the normal metabolism of liver lipids and induces lipid accumulation in the liver of female mice in an age-dependent manner, with older mice being more susceptible to PM2.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
| | - Tingting Ku
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Guangke Li
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China.
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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Furue M, Tsuji G. Chloracne and Hyperpigmentation Caused by Exposure to Hazardous Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Ligands. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16234864. [PMID: 31816860 PMCID: PMC6926551 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds are environmental pollutants that are hazardous to human skin. They can be present in contaminated soil, water, and air particles (such as ambient PM2.5). Exposure to a high concentration of dioxins induces chloracne and hyperpigmentation. These chemicals exert their toxic effects by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) which is abundantly expressed in skin cells, such as keratinocytes, sebocytes, and melanocytes. Ligation of AHR by dioxins induces exaggerated acceleration of epidermal terminal differentiation (keratinization) and converts sebocytes toward keratinocyte differentiation, which results in chloracne formation. AHR activation potently upregulates melanogenesis in melanocytes by upregulating the expression of melanogenic enzymes, which results in hyperpigmentation. Because AHR-mediated oxidative stress contributes to these hazardous effects, antioxidative agents may be potentially therapeutic for chloracne and hyperpigmentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Division of Skin Surface Sensing, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashiku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215424. [PMID: 31683543 PMCID: PMC6862295 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)/AHR-nuclear translocator (ARNT) system is a sensitive sensor for small molecular, xenobiotic chemicals of exogenous and endogenous origin, including dioxins, phytochemicals, microbial bioproducts, and tryptophan photoproducts. AHR/ARNT are abundantly expressed in the skin. Once activated, the AHR/ARNT axis strengthens skin barrier functions and accelerates epidermal terminal differentiation by upregulating filaggrin expression. In addition, AHR activation induces oxidative stress. However, some AHR ligands simultaneously activate the nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) transcription factor, which is a master switch of antioxidative enzymes that neutralizes oxidative stress. The immunoregulatory system governing T-helper 17/22 (Th17/22) and T regulatory cells (Treg) is also regulated by the AHR system. Notably, AHR agonists, such as tapinarof, are currently used as therapeutic agents in psoriasis and atopic dermatitis. In this review, we summarize recent topics on AHR related to atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
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Mitra S, Nguyen LN, Akter M, Park G, Choi EH, Kaushik NK. Impact of ROS Generated by Chemical, Physical, and Plasma Techniques on Cancer Attenuation. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1030. [PMID: 31336648 PMCID: PMC6678366 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11071030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
For the last few decades, while significant improvements have been achieved in cancer therapy, this family of diseases is still considered one of the deadliest threats to human health. Thus, there is an urgent need to find novel strategies in order to tackle this vital medical issue. One of the most pivotal causes of cancer initiation is the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the body. Interestingly, on the other hand, high doses of ROS possess the capability to damage malignant cells. Moreover, several important intracellular mechanisms occur during the production of ROS. For these reasons, inducing ROS inside the biological system by utilizing external physical or chemical methods is a promising approach to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Beside conventional technologies, cold atmospheric plasmas are now receiving much attention as an emerging therapeutic tool for cancer treatment due to their unique biophysical behavior, including the ability to generate considerable amounts of ROS. This review summarizes the important mechanisms of ROS generated by chemical, physical, and plasma approaches. We also emphasize the biological effects and cancer inhibition capabilities of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarmistha Mitra
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Linh Nhat Nguyen
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Mahmuda Akter
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Gyungsoon Park
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea
| | - Eun Ha Choi
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea.
| | - Nagendra Kumar Kaushik
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Bio-display, Department of Electrical and Biological Physics, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Korea.
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41
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Zhang Z, He J, Shi T, Tang N, Zhang S, Wen S, Liu X, Zhao M, Wang D, Chen W. Associations between polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans exposure and oxidatively generated damage to DNA and lipid. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:237-246. [PMID: 30991198 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-furans (PCDD/Fs) have been reported to induce reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, but the dose-response relationships have not been explored in molecular epidemiological studies. In this study, a total of 602 participants were recruited, comprising of 215 foundry workers, 171 incineration workers and 216 residents living more than 5 km away from the plants as the reference group. Individual PCDD/Fs exposures were estimated according to PCDD/Fs levels of working and living ambient air and daily foods. Urinary 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) and 8-iso-prostaglandin-F2α (8-isoPGF2α) were determined to reflect oxidatively generated damage to DNA and lipid. Generalized linear models were used to access the associations between PCDD/Fs exposure and oxidative stress biomarkers. We found that PCDD/Fs exposure and urinary oxidative stress biomarkers of workers were all higher than those of the reference group. Significantly positive exposure-response relationships between individual PCDD/Fs exposures and urinary 8-oxodG and 8-iso-PGF2α were found. Each 1-unit increase in ln-transformed levels of PCDD/Fs exposure generated a 0.78 nmol/mmol creatinine increase in ln-transformed 8-oxodG and a 0.50 ng/mmol creatinine increase in ln-transformed 8-isoPGF2α in foundry workers, a 0.49 nmol/mmol creatinine increase in ln-transformed 8-oxodG and a 0.26 ng/mmol creatinine increase in ln-transformed 8-isoPGF2α in incineration workers, compared with the reference group. And such associations were not modified by tobacco use. Our findings could help to understand the dose-response relationships between PCDD/Fs and oxidatively generated damage to DNA and lipid, and provide an epidemiologic basis for conducting research on the carcinogenesis and other toxicity mechanisms of PCDD/Fs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Jintong He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Zhuhai Center for Chronic Disease Control, Zhuhai, Guangdong, 519060, China
| | - Tingming Shi
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Naijun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Sukun Zhang
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences (SCIES), Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP), Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Sheng Wen
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory for Applied Toxicology, Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Dongming Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
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42
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Overexpression of cerebral cytochrome P450s in prenatally exposed offspring modify the toxicity of lindane in rechallenged offspring. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 371:20-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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43
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Liu H, Shi L, Giesy JP, Yu H. Polychlorinated diphenyl sulfides can induce ROS and genotoxicity via the AhR-CYP1A1 pathway. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 223:165-170. [PMID: 30776761 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.01.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated diphenyl sulfides (PCDPSs) are a group of chemicals that can interact and activate the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Previous studies have shown that PCDPSs can cause oxidative stress in livers. However, information on genotoxicity of PCDPSs is limited. In this study, it is hypothesized that PCDPSs can produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by activating the AhR and inducing expression of CYP1A1, which subsequently causes genotoxicity. HepG2 cells (transfected with AhR and CYP1A1 siRNA or not) were exposed to six PCDPSs. ROS and expression of five genes were measured to confirm relationships between genotoxicity and signaling along AhR pathway. After 24 h, a significant concentration-dependent ROS was observed. Production of ROS varied with the number of Cl atoms. And the formation of ROS decreases with the increase of the number of Cl atoms, which was consistent with results observed for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Most of the tested PCDPSs up-regulated expression of CYP1A1 enzyme via signaling AhR pathways. The exposure to 2,3',4,5-tetra-CDPS at 10 μM up-regulated the CYP1A1 mRNA in HepG2 cells to 29-fold. Expression of CYP1A1 mRNA was related to the number of substituted Cl, probably due to the stronger ability of more chlorinated PCDPSs to bind to and activate the AhR. However, there was no significant quantitative relationship between expression of CYP1A1 and concentrations of ROS, probably due to other oxidases' influence. Furthermore, PCDPSs also caused induction of OGG1 and XRS2 more than 2 times, indicates oxidation of bases and breaks of strands. The transfection of cells with siRNA to silence expression of the CYP1A1 gene results in ROS at background levels, further supporting the proposed mechanism PCDPSs inducing ROS and DNA damage via the AhR-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Laihao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
| | - John P Giesy
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China; Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada
| | - Hongxia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China
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44
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Ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory response via up-regulating the expression of CYP1A1/1B1 in human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2019; 839:40-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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45
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Klimanova EA, Sidorenko SV, Smolyaninova LV, Kapilevich LV, Gusakova SV, Lopina OD, Orlov SN. Ubiquitous and cell type-specific transcriptomic changes triggered by dissipation of monovalent cation gradients in rodent cells: Physiological and pathophysiological implications. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2019; 83:107-149. [PMID: 31196602 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2019.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Elevation of [Na+]i/[K+]i-ratio is considered as one of the major signals triggering transcriptomic changes in various cells types. In this study, we identified ubiquitous and cell type-specific [Formula: see text] -sensitive genes by comparative analysis of transcriptomic changes in ouabain-treated rat aorta smooth muscle cells and rat aorta endothelial cells (RASMC and RAEC, respectively), rat cerebellar granule cells (RCGC), and mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Exposure of the cells to ouabain increased intracellular Na+ content by ~14, 8, 7, and 6-fold and resulted in appearance of 7577, 2698, 2120, and 1146 differentially expressed transcripts in RAEC, RASMC, C2C12, and RCGC, respectively. Eighty-three genes were found as the intersection of the four sets of identified transcripts corresponding to each cell type and are classified as ubiquitous. Among the 10 top upregulated ubiquitous transcripts are the following: Dusp6, Plk3, Trib1, Ccl7, Mafk, Atf3, Ptgs2, Cxcl1, Spry4, and Coq10b. Unique transcripts whose expression is cell-specific include 4897, 1523, 789, and 494 transcripts for RAEC, RASMC, C2C12, and RCGC, respectively. The role of gene expression and signal pathways induced by dissipation of transmembrane gradient of monovalent cations in the development of various diseases is discussed with special attention to cardiovascular and pulmonary illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizaveta A Klimanova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia.
| | - Svetlana V Sidorenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Larisa V Smolyaninova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia
| | | | | | - Olga D Lopina
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergei N Orlov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia; Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
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46
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Maltseva NV, Smirnova AS, Rublevskaya AC, Bichan NA. [Not Available]. KARDIOLOGIIA 2019; 59:4-10. [PMID: 30706833 DOI: 10.18087/cardio.2556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Te increase in the prevalence of arterial hypertension (AH) in populations, ineffective treatment, the need for risk stratifcation, prevention, early diagnosis and successful treatment, actualize genomic studies to develop a personalized therapeutic approach to AH. Te review investigates the possible genetically determined mechanisms of the development of hypertension and endothelial dysfunction caused by polymorphism of the genes of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and enzymes of phases I and II of the xenobiotics detoxifcation system. Te probable interaction of both systems under the influence of harmful environmental factors, including tobacco smoking, and in the gestational period is discussed. It is proposed to study AH candidate genes in the xenobiotics detoxifcation system, the carriage of different variants of which can determine the sensitivity or resistance to antihypertensive pharmacotherapy, which can be useful for developing of the personalized tactics of managing patients with AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- N V Maltseva
- Novokuznetsk State Institute for Further Training of Physicians - Branch Campus of the FSBEI FPE RМАСРЕ МОН Russia.
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47
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Wójtowicz AK, Sitarz-Głownia AM, Szczęsna M, Szychowski KA. The Action of Di-(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP) in Mouse Cerebral Cells Involves an Impairment in Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Signaling. Neurotox Res 2019; 35:183-195. [PMID: 30120713 PMCID: PMC6313375 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-018-9946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is used as a plasticizer in various plastic compounds, such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and products including baby toys, packaging films and sheets, medical tubing, and blood storage bags. Epidemiological data suggest that phthalates increase the risk of the nervous system disorders; however, the impact of DEHP on the brain cells and the mechanisms of its action have not been clarified. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of DEHP on production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), as well as Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 mRNA and protein expression in primary mouse cortical neurons and glial cells in the in vitro mono-cultures. Our experiments showed that DEHP stimulated ROS production in both types of mouse neocortical cells. Moreover, the results strongly support involvement of the AhR/Cyp1A1 signaling pathway in the action of DEHP in neurons and glial cells. However, the effects of DEHP acting on the AhR signaling pathways in these two types of neocortical cells were different. In neurons, AhR mRNA expression did not change, but AhR protein expression decreased in response to DEHP. A similar trend was observed for Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 mRNA and protein expression. Failure to induce Cyp1a1 in neurons was confirmed by EROD assay. In primary glial cells, a decrease in AhR protein level was accompanied by a decrease in AhR mRNA expression. In glial cells, mRNA and protein expression of Cyp1a1 as well as Cyp1a1-related EROD activity were significantly increased. As for Cyp1b1, both in neurons and glial cells Cyp1b1 mRNA expression did not significantly change, whereas Cyp1b1 protein level were decreased. We postulate that developmental exposure to DEHP which dysregulates AhR/Cyp1a1 may disrupt defense processes in brain neocortical cells that could increase their susceptibility to environmental toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Wójtowicz
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Sciences Faculty, University of Agriculture, Redzina 1B, 30-248, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka M Sitarz-Głownia
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Sciences Faculty, University of Agriculture, Redzina 1B, 30-248, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szczęsna
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Animal Sciences Faculty, University of Agriculture, Redzina 1B, 30-248, Krakow, Poland
| | - Konrad A Szychowski
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Opole, kard. B. Kominka 6a, 45-032, Opole, Poland
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48
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Particulate matter containing environmentally persistent free radicals induces AhR-dependent cytokine and reactive oxygen species production in human bronchial epithelial cells. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205412. [PMID: 30308017 PMCID: PMC6181347 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is emitted during the combustion of fuels and wastes. PM exposure exacerbates pulmonary diseases, and the mechanism may involve oxidative stress. At lower combustion temperatures such as occurs in the cool zone of a flame, aromatic compounds chemisorb to the surface of metal-oxide-containing PM, resulting in the formation of surface-stabilized environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFR). Prior studies showed that PM-containing EPFR redox cycle to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), and after inhalation, EPFR induce pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress. Our objective was to elucidate mechanisms linking EPFR-induced oxidant injury with increased cytokine production by pulmonary epithelial cells. We thus treated human bronchial epithelial cells with EPFR at sub-toxic doses and measured ROS and cytokine production. To assess aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity, cells were transfected with a luciferase reporter for xenobiotic response element activation. To test whether cytokine production was dependent upon AhR activation or oxidative stress, some cells were co-treated with an antioxidant or an AhR antagonist. EPFR increased IL-6 release in an ROS and AhR- and oxidant-dependent manner. Moreover, EPFR induced an AhR activation that was dependent upon oxidant production, since antioxidant co-treatment blocked AhR activation. On the other hand, EPFR treatment increased a cellular ROS production that was at least partially attenuated by AhR knockdown using siRNA. While AhR activation was correlated with an increased expression of oxidant-producing enzymes like cytochrome P450 CYP1A1, it is possible that AhR activation is both a cause and effect of EPFR-induced ROS. Finally, lipid oxidation products also induced AhR activation. ROS-dependent AhR activation may be a mechanism for altered epithelial cell responses after EPFR exposure, potentially via formation of bioactive lipid or protein oxidation products.
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49
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Molcan T, Swigonska S, Nynca A, Sadowska A, Ruszkowska M, Orlowska K, Ciereszko RE. Is CYP1B1 involved in the metabolism of dioxins in the pig? Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1863:291-303. [PMID: 30278240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most difficult to biodegradate and the most toxic dioxin congener. Previously, we demonstrated in silico the ability of pig CYP1A1 to hydroxylate 2,7-dichlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (DiCDD), but not TCDD. To increase our knowledge concerning the low effectiveness of TCDD biodegradability, we analyzed in silico the binding selectivity and affinity between pig CYP1B1 and the two dioxins by means of molecular modeling. We also compared the effects of TCDD and DiCDD on CYP1B1 gene expression (qRT-PCR) and catalytic (EROD) activity in porcine granulosa cells. It was found that DiCDD and TCDD were stabilized within the pig CYP1B1 active site by hydrophobic interactions. The analysis of substrate channel availability revealed that both dioxins opened the exit channel S, allowing metabolites to leave the enzyme active site. Moreover, DiCDD and TCDD increased the CYP1B1 gene expression and catalytic activity in porcine granulosa cells. On the other hand, TCDD demonstrated higher than DiCDD calculated affinity to pig CYP1B1, hindering TCDD exit from the active site. The great distance between CYP1B1's heme and TCDD also might contribute to the lower hydroxylation effectiveness of TCDD compared to that of DiCDD. Moreover, the narrow active site of pig CYP1B1 may immobilize TCDD molecule, inhibiting its hydroxylation. The results of the access channel analysis and the distance from pig CYP1B1's heme to TCDD suggest that the metabolizing potential of pig CYP1B1 is higher than that of pig CYP1A1. However, this potential is probably not sufficiently high to considerably improve the slow TCDD biodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Molcan
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Sylwia Swigonska
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Anna Nynca
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sadowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Monika Ruszkowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Karina Orlowska
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Renata E Ciereszko
- Department of Animal Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland; Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
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50
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Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: A New Player of Pathogenesis and Therapy in Cardiovascular Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6058784. [PMID: 29984241 PMCID: PMC6015699 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6058784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a DNA binding protein that acts as a nuclear receptor mediating xenobiotic metabolism and environmental responses. Owing to the evolutionary conservation of this gene and its widespread expression in the immune and circulatory systems, AhR has for many years been almost exclusively studied by the pharmacological/toxicological field for its role in contaminant toxicity. More recently, the functions of AhR in environmental adaption have been examined in the context of the occurrence, development, and therapy of cardiovascular diseases. Increasing evidence suggests that AhR is involved in maintaining homeostasis or in triggering pathogenesis by modulating the biological responses of critical cell types in the cardiovascular system. Here, we describe the structure, distribution, and ligands of AhR and the AhR signaling pathway and review the impact of AhR on cardiovascular physiology. We also discuss the potential contribution of AhR as a new potential factor in the targeted treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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