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Gromadzka G, Wilkaniec A, Tarnacka B, Hadrian K, Bendykowska M, Przybyłkowski A, Litwin T. The Role of Glia in Wilson's Disease: Clinical, Neuroimaging, Neuropathological and Molecular Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7545. [PMID: 39062788 PMCID: PMC11276698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Wilson's disease (WD) is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and is caused by pathogenic variants of the ATP7B gene, which are responsible for impaired copper transport in the cell, inhibition of copper binding to apoceruloplasmin, and biliary excretion. This leads to the accumulation of copper in the tissues. Copper accumulation in the CNS leads to the neurological and psychiatric symptoms of WD. Abnormalities of copper metabolism in WD are associated with impaired iron metabolism. Both of these elements are redox active and may contribute to neuropathology. It has long been assumed that among parenchymal cells, astrocytes have the greatest impact on copper and iron homeostasis in the brain. Capillary endothelial cells are separated from the neuropil by astrocyte terminal legs, putting astrocytes in an ideal position to regulate the transport of iron and copper to other brain cells and protect them if metals breach the blood-brain barrier. Astrocytes are responsible for, among other things, maintaining extracellular ion homeostasis, modulating synaptic transmission and plasticity, obtaining metabolites, and protecting the brain against oxidative stress and toxins. However, excess copper and/or iron causes an increase in the number of astrocytes and their morphological changes observed in neuropathological studies, as well as a loss of the copper/iron storage function leading to macromolecule peroxidation and neuronal loss through apoptosis, autophagy, or cuproptosis/ferroptosis. The molecular mechanisms explaining the possible role of glia in copper- and iron-induced neurodegeneration in WD are largely understood from studies of neuropathology in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Understanding the mechanisms of glial involvement in neuroprotection/neurotoxicity is important for explaining the pathomechanisms of neuronal death in WD and, in the future, perhaps for developing more effective diagnostic/treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Gromadzka
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Wilkaniec
- Department of Cellular Signalling, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego St., 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Beata Tarnacka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical University of Warsaw, Spartańska 1, 02-637 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Hadrian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland (A.P.)
| | - Maria Bendykowska
- Students Scientific Association “Immunis”, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Dewajtis 5, 01-815 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Przybyłkowski
- Department of Gastroenterology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland (A.P.)
| | - Tomasz Litwin
- Second Department of Neurology, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sobieskiego 9, 02-957 Warsaw, Poland
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Chebieb I, Medjati ND, Harek Y, Guermouche B, Dali-Sahi M, Kachekouche Y, Benosman C. Imbalance of Plasma Copper and Zinc Levels and the Association Between the Cu/Zn Ratio and Lipid Peroxidation in Algerian Bipolar Patients. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2450-2456. [PMID: 37725315 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03858-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Trace elements, through their interaction with biomolecules, can play an important role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder and protect against oxidative stress effects. The purpose of this study is to examine plasma concentration levels of zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) of Algerian patients, diagnosed with bipolar disorder, and to compare these levels with those of healthy controls. The Cu/Zn ratio was calculated to explore a possible correlation between these elements and lipid peroxidation in the study groups. A total of 33 patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder and 38 healthy subjects participated in this study. Plasma copper and zinc concentrations were measured using a polarographic analyzer. The marker of plasma lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde: MDA) was determined by UV spectrophotometry. Plasma Cu concentrations were higher in patients compared to controls (p < 0.05), while the Zn level was significantly lower. Consequently, the Cu/Zn ratio was significantly different between patients and controls. Regarding MDA, no significant difference was noticed between the two study groups. However, in patients, a negative correlation was found between MDA and Cu/Zn ratio (r= -0.38, p= 0.027). These results suggested that an elevated Cu/Zn ratio is associated with attenuated lipid peroxidation in our bipolar patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikram Chebieb
- Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, 13,000, Tlemcen, Algeria.
| | - Nouria Dennouni Medjati
- Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, 13,000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Yahia Harek
- Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, 13,000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Baya Guermouche
- Physiology, Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, 13,000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Majda Dali-Sahi
- Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd, 13,000, Tlemcen, Algeria
| | - Youssouf Kachekouche
- Analytical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Biology, University of Hassiba Benbouali, 02,000, Chlef, Algeria
| | - Cherifa Benosman
- Division of Adults, Hospital Center of Rouvray, 76,600, Rouen, France
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Ye P, Li L, Qi X, Chi M, Liu J, Xie M. Macrophage membrane-encapsulated nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot nanosystem for targeted treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Regulating metal ion homeostasis and photothermal removal of β-amyloid. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 650:1749-1761. [PMID: 37506416 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.07.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The abnormal aggregation of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) is a major contributor to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cu2+ homeostasis imbalance can lead to the aggregation of Aβ, resulting in cytotoxic oligomers and fibrous aggregates, causing neuroinflammation and nerve cell damage, ultimately leading to AD. In this study, we synthesized nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dot (CQD), and designed a macrophage membrane (RAW-M) encapsulated CQD nanosystem for the first time. The abundant nitrogen-containing groups on the surface of CQD effectively capture excess Cu2+ and inhibit rapid Aβ aggregation. Additionally, the good photothermal properties of CQD dissolve the formed fiber precipitates under near-infrared light (NIR). In vitro and in vivo studies showed that the nanosystem significantly improved BBB permeability under laser irradiation, enhancing its ability to cross the BBB and overcome traditional anti-AD drug limitations. In vivo investigations conducted on APP/PS1 mice indicate that the nanosystem strongly reduced Aβ deposition, mitigated neuroinflammation, and ameliorates deficits in learning and memory. Overall, our nanocarrier approach adjusts metal ion homeostasis, inhibits abnormal Aβ aggregation, and uses excellent photothermal properties to depolymerize mature Aβ fibrils to protect cells from Aβ neurotoxicity, providing an effective strategy for Aβ-targeted treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkun Ye
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xiating Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mingyuan Chi
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Jichun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Meng Xie
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Nakanishi S, Kinoshita K, Kurauchi Y, Seki T, Kimura Y, Suzuki M, Suzuki K, Koyama H, Kagechika H, Katsuki H. Acyclic retinoid peretinoin reduces hemorrhage-associated brain injury in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 954:175899. [PMID: 37392831 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023]
Abstract
Peretinoin is an acyclic retinoid that stimulates retinoic acid receptors (NR1Bs) and produces therapeutic effects on hepatocellular cancer. We have previously shown that NR1B agonists such as Am80 and all trans-retinoic acid suppress pathogenic events in intracerebral hemorrhage. The present study addressed the actions of peretinoin and Am80 against cytotoxicity of a blood protease thrombin on cortico-striatal slice cultures obtained from neonatal rat brains. Application of 100 U/ml thrombin to the slice cultures for 72 h caused cell death in the cortical region and tissue shrinkage in the striatal region. Peretinoin (50 μM) and Am80 (1 μM) counteracted these cytotoxic effects of thrombin, and the effect of peretinoin and Am80 was blocked by LE540, an NR1B antagonist. A broad-spectrum kinase inhibitor K252a (3 μM) attenuated the cytoprotective effect of peretinoin in the cortical region, whereas a specific protein kinase A inhibitor KT5720 (1 μM) attenuated the protective effect of peretinoin in the cortical and the striatal regions. On the other hand, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inhibitors such as pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (50 μM) and Bay11-7082 (10 μM) prevented thrombin-induced shrinkage of the striatal region. Peretinoin and Am80 as well as Bay11-7082 blocked thrombin-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB in striatal microglia and loss of striatal neurons. We also found that daily administration of peretinoin reduced histopathological injury and alleviated motor deficits in a mouse model of intracerebral hemorrhage. These results indicate that NR1B agonists including peretinoin may serve as a therapeutic option for hemorrhagic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakino Nakanishi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Keita Kinoshita
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Kurauchi
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seki
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Himeji-Dokkyo University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Kimura
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Masaaki Suzuki
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Neuroimaging, Center for Development of Advanced Medicine for Dementia, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan
| | - Keiichi Suzuki
- Field of Biological Molecular Sciences, United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroko Koyama
- Field of Biological Molecular Sciences, United Graduate School of Drug Discovery and Medical Information Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan; Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kagechika
- Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Katsuki
- Department of Chemico-Pharmacological Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
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Collin-Faure V, Vitipon M, Torres A, Tanyeres O, Dalzon B, Rabilloud T. The internal dose makes the poison: higher internalization of polystyrene particles induce increased perturbation of macrophages. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1092743. [PMID: 37251378 PMCID: PMC10213243 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1092743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastics are emerging pollutants of great concern. Macroplastics released in the environment degrade into microplastics and nanoplastics. Because of their small size, these micro and nano plastic particles can enter the food chain and contaminate humans with still unknown biological effects. Plastics being particulate pollutants, they are handled in the human body by scavenger cells such as macrophages, which are important players in the innate immune system. Using polystyrene as a model of micro and nanoplastics, with size ranging from under 100 nm to 6 microns, we have showed that although non-toxic, polystyrene nano and microbeads alter the normal functioning of macrophages in a size and dose-dependent manner. Alterations in the oxidative stress, lysosomal and mitochondrial functions were detected, as well as changes in the expression of various surface markers involved in the immune response such as CD11a/b, CD18, CD86, PD-L1, or CD204. For each beads size tested, the alterations were more pronounced for the cell subpopulation that had internalized the highest number of beads. Across beads sizes, the alterations were more pronounced for beads in the supra-micron range than for beads in the sub-micron range. Overall, this means that internalization of high doses of polystyrene favors the emergence of subpopulations of macrophages with an altered phenotype, which may not only be less efficient in their functions but also alter the fine balance of the innate immune system.
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Sun L, Niu K, Guo J, Tu J, Ma B, An J. Dexmedetomidine attenuates postoperative spatial memory impairment after surgery by reducing cytochrome C. BMC Anesthesiol 2023; 23:85. [PMID: 36941579 PMCID: PMC10026454 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-023-02035-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anesthesia and surgery can induce perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). Mitochondrial dysfunction has been proposed to be one of the earliest triggering events in surgery-induced neuronal damage. Dexmedetomidine has been demonstrated to attenuate the impairment of cognition in aged rats induced by surgery in our previous study. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent hepatic apex resection under anesthesia with propofol to clinically mimic human abdominal surgery. The rats were divided into three groups: Control group, Model group and Dexmedetomidine (Dex) group. Cognitive function was evaluated with the Morris water maze (MWM), Open Field Test (OFT)and Novel object recognition task (NOR). Ultrastructural change in neuronal mitochondria was measured by transmission electron microscopy. Mitochondrial function was measured by mitochondrial membrane potential and activities of mitochondrial complexes. Neuronal morphology was observed with H&E staining and the activation of glial cells was observed by immunohistochemistry in the hippocampus. Protein levels were measured by Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence at 3 and 7 days after surgery. RESULTS Surgery-induced cognitive decline lasts three days, but not seven days after surgery in the model group. Transmission electron microscope showed the mitochondrial structure damage in the model group, similar changes were not induced in the Dex group. Dexmedetomidine may reverse the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial complex activity. Compared with the Control group, the expression of cytochrome c was significantly increased in model group by Western blot and immunofluorescence on days 3, but not day 7. Rats from the Model group expressed significantly greater levels of Iba-1 and GFAP compared with the Control group and the Dex group. CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine appears to reverse surgery-induced behavior, mitigate the higher density of Iba-1 and GFAP, reduce the damage of mitochondrial structure and function by alleviating oxidative stress and protect mitochondrial respiratory chain, thus increasing cytochrome c oxidase (COX) expression and downregulate the expression of cytochrome c protein in the hippocampus of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166, Baotong West Street, Weicheng District, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China
| | - Kun Niu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Medical University &Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Medical University &Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingru Tu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Baofeng Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Medical University &Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxiong An
- School of Anesthesiology, Weifang Medical University, No. 7166, Baotong West Street, Weicheng District, Weifang, Shandong, 261000, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain& Sleep Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Shandong, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Medical University &Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Chen LL, Fan YG, Zhao LX, Zhang Q, Wang ZY. The metal ion hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease and the anti-neuroinflammatory effect of metal chelators. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106301. [PMID: 36455485 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), characterized by the β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation, is the most common dementia with uncertain etiology. The clinical trials of Aβ monoclonal antibody drugs have almost failed, giving rise to great attention on the other etiologic hypothesis regarding AD such as metal ions dysmetabolism and chronic neuroinflammation. Mounting evidence revealed that the metal ions (iron, copper, and zinc) were dysregulated in the susceptible brain regions of AD patients, which was highly associated with Aβ deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, neuronal loss, as well as neuroinflammation. Further studies uncovered that iron, copper and zinc could not only enhance the production of Aβ but also directly bind to Aβ and tau to promote their aggregations. In addition, the accumulation of iron and copper could respectively promote ferroptosis and cuproptosis. Therefore, the metal ion chelators were recognized as promising agents for treating AD. This review comprehensively summarized the effects of metal ions on the Aβ dynamics and tau phosphorylation in the progression of AD. Furthermore, taking chronic neuroinflammation contributes to the progression of AD, we also provided a summary of the mechanisms concerning metal ions on neuroinflammation and highlighted the metal ion chelators may be potential agents to alleviate neuroinflammation under the condition of AD. Nevertheless, more investigations regarding metal ions on neuroinflammation should be taken into practice, and the effects of metal ion chelators on neuroinflammation should gain more attention. Running title: Metal chelators against neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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Deng H, Zhu S, Yang H, Cui H, Guo H, Deng J, Ren Z, Geng Y, Ouyang P, Xu Z, Deng Y, Zhu Y. The Dysregulation of Inflammatory Pathways Triggered by Copper Exposure. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:539-548. [PMID: 35312958 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03171-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential micronutrient for both human and animals. However, excessive intake of copper will cause damage to organs and cells. Inflammation is a biological response that can be induced by various factors such as pathogens, damaged cells, and toxic compounds. Dysregulation of inflammatory responses are closely related to many chronic diseases. Recently, Cu toxicological and inflammatory effects have been investigated in various animal models and cells. In this review, we summarized the known effect of Cu on inflammatory responses and sum up the molecular mechanism of Cu-regulated inflammation. Excessive Cu exposure can modulate a huge number of cytokines in both directions, increase and/or decrease through a variety of molecular and cellular signaling pathways including nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs) pathway, JAK-STAT (Janus Kinase- signal transducer and activator of transcription) pathway, and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. Underlying the molecular mechanism of Cu-regulated inflammation could help further understanding copper toxicology and copper-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huidan Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Song Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Huiru Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Hengmin Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Engineering of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Yaan, 625014, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hongrui Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Junliang Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases and Environmental Hazards of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agriculture University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhihua Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yi Geng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Youtian Deng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Microglial Activation in Metal Neurotoxicity: Impact in Neurodegenerative Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:7389508. [PMID: 36760476 PMCID: PMC9904912 DOI: 10.1155/2023/7389508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative processes encompass a large variety of diseases with different pathological patterns and clinical features, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Exposure to metals has been hypothesized to increase oxidative stress in brain cells leading to cell death and neurodegeneration. Neurotoxicity of metals has been demonstrated by several in vitro and in vivo experimental studies, and most probably, each metal has its specific pathway to trigger cell death. As a result, exposure to essential metals, such as manganese, iron, copper, zinc, and cobalt, and nonessential metals, including lead, aluminum, and cadmium, perturbs metal homeostasis at the cellular and organism levels leading to neurodegeneration. In this contribution, a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms by which metals affect microglia physiology and signaling properties is presented. Furthermore, studies that validate the disruption of microglia activation pathways as an essential mechanism of metal toxicity that can contribute to neurodegenerative disease are also presented and discussed.
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Ishihara Y, Itoh K. Microglial inflammatory reactions regulated by oxidative stress. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2023; 72:23-27. [PMID: 36777074 PMCID: PMC9899914 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.22-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are immune cells in the brain that can respond to endogenous and exogenous substrates to elicit inflammatory reactions. The transcription factor nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B induces proinflammatory gene expression in response to foreign matter via pattern recognition receptors; thus, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B is a master regulator of inflammation. During the inflammatory process, very large amounts of reactive oxygen species are generated and promote the onset and progression of inflammation. Interestingly, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B drives the transcription of superoxide dismutase 2 in many types of cells, including microglia. Superoxide dismutase 2 is an antioxidative enzyme that catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anions into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. Of note, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B can initiate inflammation to elicit proinflammatory gene expression, while its transcription product superoxide dismutase 2 can suppress inflammation. In this review, we use recent knowledge to describe the interaction between oxidative stress and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B and discuss the complicated role of microglial superoxide dismutase 2 in inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Ishihara
- Program of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8521, Japan,To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
| | - Kouichi Itoh
- Laboratory for Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Neurology, Kagawa School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Kagawa 769-2193, Japan
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Zhang H, Li J, Li Y, Xu F, Wang M, Lin X, Li Y, Yang C, Cao Z, Xia W, Xu S. Sex-specific associations of early postnatal blood copper levels with neurodevelopment at 2 years of age. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127072. [PMID: 36174460 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an essential trace element; however, it can be harmful in excess. Previous studies have shown that prenatal Cu levels may affect childhood neurodevelopment; however, studies focused on early postnatal Cu levels are limited. We studied 843 children born in Wuhan City and investigated the associations between early life Cu levels and neurodevelopment in 2-year-old children. Blood samples collected from children at 12 and 24 months of age were used to analyze Cu levels. Neurodevelopment was scored using the Bayley Scale of Children at 24 months of age. We found that a higher Cu level at 12 months of age was positively associated with mental development index (MDI) in boys (β = 6.75, 95 %CI: 1.12, 12.38). Further non-linear analysis showed an inverted U-shape association between Cu level at 20 months and PDI in boys, indicating that Cu levels may have an optimal concentration for neurodevelopment (p for overall association = 0.01, p for non-linear association < 0.01). In addition, all meaningful results mentioned above were observed only in boys, and a statistically significant sex-related modifying effect was observed (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study repeated measures early life Cu levels and suggested sex-specific associations between early life Cu levels and neurodevelopment in 2-year-old children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Juxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
| | - Fenghua Xu
- Institute of Environmental Health, Wuhan Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, Wuhan, Hubei 430024, PR China.
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Chenhui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhongqiang Cao
- Wuhan Medical & Healthcare Center for Women and Children, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Shunqing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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12
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Zhou Q, Zhang Y, Lu L, Zhang H, Zhao C, Pu Y, Yin L. Copper induces microglia-mediated neuroinflammation through ROS/NF-κB pathway and mitophagy disorder. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 168:113369. [PMID: 35985369 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The epidemiological correlation between copper exposure and higher risk of Parkinson disease (PD) has been recognized for a long time, and microglia-mediated neuroinflammation has reported to be an important component of the pathogenesis of PD. The present study aimed to investigate the role of microglial activation and neuroinflammation in copper neurotoxicity and the underlying mechanism of copper-induced activation of microglia. Based on the inflammatory changes in mouse brain tissues, the activation of microglia, the loss of dopaminergic neurons and the aggregation of α-syn were found in the substantia nigra. In this study we found that copper significantly caused inflammatory activation of BV2 cells. Importantly, copper increased the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BV2 cells, and then activated the NF-κB pathway which acted as an early survival signal. Further study indicated that sustained copper accumulation in BV2 cells led to the decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, reduction of Parkin and PINK1 expression, increase of P62 expression and LC3BⅡ/I ratio, as well as upregulation of NLRP3/caspase1/GSDMD axis proteins. In addition, the increased release of inflammatory factors was rescued by redox agent, NF-κB pathway inhibitor and mitophagy inducer. This work illustrated that copper exposure activates microglia to secrete inflammatory products, resulting in the pyroptosis of dopaminergic neurons, which was related to the early activation of ROS/NF-κB pathway and subsequent mitophagy disorder in BV2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Hu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Yuepu Pu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Lihong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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13
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Yan L, Yang J, Yu M, Sun W, Han Y, Lu X, Jin C, Wu S, Cai Y. Lanthanum Impairs Learning and Memory by Activating Microglia in the Hippocampus of Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:1640-1649. [PMID: 35178682 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanum can induce neurotoxicity and impair cognitive function; therefore, research on the mechanism by which the ability to learning and memory is decreased by lanthanum is vitally important for protecting health. Microglia are a type of neuroglia located throughout the brain and spinal cord that play an important role in the central nervous system. When overactive, these cells can cause the excessive production of inflammatory cytokines that can damage neighboring neurons. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of lanthanum in the form of lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) on learning and the memory of mice and determine whether there is a relationship between hippocampal neurons or learning and memory damage and excessive production of inflammatory cytokines. Four groups of pregnant Chinese Kun Ming mice were exposed to 0, 18, 36, or 72 mM LaCl3 in their drinking water during lactation. The offspring were then exposed to LaCl3 in the breast milk at birth until weaning and then exposed to these concentrations in their drinking water for 2 months after weaning. The results showed that LaCl3 impaired learning and memory in mice and injured their neurons, activated the microglia, and significantly overregulated the mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and nitric oxide in the hippocampus. The results of this study suggest that lanthanum can impair learning and memory in mice, possibly by over-activating the microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Yan
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, No.21 Bohai road, Caofeidian New Area, Tangshan, 063210, Hebei province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghua Yang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenchang Sun
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yarao Han
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaobo Lu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihong Jin
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengwen Wu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Cai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning province, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Yang A, Liu C, Zhang H, Wu J, Shen R, Kou X. A multifunctional anti-AD approach: Design, synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, biological evaluation and molecular docking of chrysin derivatives. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 233:114216. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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15
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Liu F, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Meng RN, Gao J, Jin M, Li M, Wang XP. Effect of metal ions on Alzheimer's disease. Brain Behav 2022; 12:e2527. [PMID: 35212185 PMCID: PMC8933773 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of the nervous system. The typical pathological changes of AD are Aβ deposition, neurofibrillary tangles, neuron loss, and chronic inflammation. The balance of metal ions is essential for numerous physiological functions, especially in the central nervous system. More studies showed that metal ions participate in the development of AD. However, the involvement of metal ions in AD is controversial. Thus, we reviewed articles about the relationship between metal ions and AD and discussed some contradictory reports in order to better understand the role of metal ions in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ruo-Ni Meng
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Jia Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ming Jin
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao-Peng Wang
- Department of Neurology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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16
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Harikrishnan R, Devi G, Van Doan H, Vijay S, Balasundaram C, Ringø E, Hoseinifar SH, Jaturasithaf S. Dietary plant pigment on blood-digestive physiology, antioxidant-immune response, and inflammatory gene transcriptional regulation in spotted snakehead (Channa punctata) infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 120:716-736. [PMID: 34968713 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The current study addressed to investigate the effect of lycopene (LYC) on blood physiology, digestive-antioxidant enzyme activity, specific-nonspecific immune response, and inflammatory gene transcriptional regulation (cytokines, heat shock proteins, vitellogenins) in spotted snakehead (Channa punctata) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In unchallenged and challenged fish treated with 200 mg LYC enriched diet the growth performance and digestive-antioxidant enzymes increased after 30 days, whereas with inclusion of 100 or 400 mg LYC in the diets, the increase manifested on or after 45 days. No mortality in fish treated with any LYC diet against P. aeruginosa was revealed. In the unchallenged and challenged fish the phagocytic (PC) activity in head kidney (HK) and spleen were significantly enhanced when fed the control diet or other LYC diets, whereas the respiratory burst (RB) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production significantly increased when fed the 200 mg diet for 45 and 60 days. Similarly, the lysozyme (Lyz) activity in the HK and spleen, and total Ig content in serum were significantly higher in both groups fed the 200 mg LYC diet for 15, 45, and 60 days. Heat shock protein (Hsp 70) was significantly improved in the uninfected group fed the 200 mg LYC diet for 45 and 60 days, but Hsp27 did not significantly change among the experimental groups at any time points. TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA pro-inflammatory cytokine expression significantly increased in both groups fed the 200 mg LYC diet after 45 and 60 days, while the IL-12 mRNA expression was moderate in both groups fed the same diet for 60 days. The IL-10 did not significant mRNA expression between groups at any sampling. The iNOS and NF-κB mRNA expression was pointedly high in both groups fed the 200 mg LYC diet on day 45 and 60. Vitellogenin A (VgA) mRNA was significantly higher in the uninfected fish fed the 100 and 200 mg LYC diets for 45 and 60 days, but VgB did not reveal significant difference between the treatment groups at any time points. The present results suggest that supplementation of LYC at 200 mg significantly modulate the blood physiology, digestive-antioxidant enzymes, specific-nonspecific immune parameters, and cytokines, Hsp, and vitellogenins in spotted snakehead against P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramasamy Harikrishnan
- Department of Zoology, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram, 631 501, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gunapathy Devi
- Department of Zoology, Nehru Memorial College, Puthanampatti, 621 007, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hien Van Doan
- Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd, Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - S Vijay
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharath College of Science and Management, Thanjavur, 613-005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chellam Balasundaram
- Department of Herbal and Environmental Science, Tamil University, Thanjavur, 613 005, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Einar Ringø
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, 9037, Norway
| | - Seyed Hossein Hoseinifar
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Sanchai Jaturasithaf
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, 239 Huay Keaw Rd, Suthep, Muang, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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17
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Pal A, Rani I, Pawar A, Picozza M, Rongioletti M, Squitti R. Microglia and Astrocytes in Alzheimer's Disease in the Context of the Aberrant Copper Homeostasis Hypothesis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1598. [PMID: 34827595 PMCID: PMC8615684 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence of copper's (Cu) involvement in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is available, but information on Cu involvement in microglia and astrocytes during the course of AD has yet to be structurally discussed. This review deals with this matter in an attempt to provide an updated discussion on the role of reactive glia challenged by excess labile Cu in a wide picture that embraces all the major processes identified as playing a role in toxicity induced by an imbalance of Cu in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Pal
- Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Kalyani 741245, West Bengal, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research (MMIMSR), Maharishi Markandeshwar University (MMU), Mullana, Ambala 133207, Haryana, India;
| | - Anil Pawar
- Department of Zoology, DAV University, Jalandhar 144012, Punjab, India;
| | - Mario Picozza
- Neuroimmunology Unit, IRCSS Fondazione Santa Lucia, 00143 Rome, Italy;
| | - Mauro Rongioletti
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Research and Development Division, San Giovanni Calibita Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Isola Tiberina, 00186 Rome, Italy;
| | - Rosanna Squitti
- Molecular Markers Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, 25125 Brescia, Italy
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18
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Chaves Filho AJM, Gonçalves F, Mottin M, Andrade CH, Fonseca SNS, Macedo DS. Repurposing of Tetracyclines for COVID-19 Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Manifestations: A Valid Option to Control SARS-CoV-2-Associated Neuroinflammation? J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2021; 16:213-218. [PMID: 33534108 PMCID: PMC7854870 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-021-09986-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The recent outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has gained considerable attention worldwide due to its increased potential to spread and infect the general population. COVID-19 primarily targets the human respiratory epithelium but also has neuro-invasive potential. Indeed, neuropsychiatric manifestations, such as fatigue, febrile seizures, psychiatric symptoms, and delirium, are consistently observed in COVID-19. The neurobiological basis of neuropsychiatric COVID-19 symptoms is not fully understood. However, previous evidence about systemic viral infections pointed to an ongoing neuroinflammatory response to viral antigens and proinflammatory mediators/immune cells from the periphery. Microglia cells mediate the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines, free radicals, and damage signals, culminating with neurotoxic consequences. Semi-synthetic second-generation tetracyclines, including minocycline (MINO) and doxycycline (DOXY), are safe bacteriostatic agents that have remarkable neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Promising results have been obtained in clinical trials using tetracyclines for major psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and major depression. Tetracyclines can inhibit microglial reactivity and neuroinflammation by inhibiting nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB) signaling, cyclooxygenase 2, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This drug class also has a broad profile of activity against bacteria associated with community-based pneumonia, including atypical agents. COVID-19 patients are susceptible to secondary bacterial infections, especially those on invasive ventilation. Therefore, we suggest tetracyclines' repurposing as a potential treatment for COVID-19 neuropsychiatric manifestations. These drugs can represent a valuable multi-modal treatment for COVID-19-associated neuroinflammatory alterations based on their broad antimicrobial profile and neuroinflammation control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriano José Maia Chaves Filho
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, LabMol, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
- Critical Care Unit, Antônio Prudente Hospital- HAPFOR, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Franciane Gonçalves
- Critical Care Unit, Antônio Prudente Hospital- HAPFOR, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Melina Mottin
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, LabMol, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Carolina Horta Andrade
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling and Drug Design, LabMol, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Silvia Nunes Szente Fonseca
- Critical Care Unit, Antônio Prudente Hospital- HAPFOR, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- São Francisco Hospital, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Danielle S Macedo
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal Do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
- National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT-TM, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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19
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Niu K, Qin JL, Lu GF, Guo J, Williams JP, An JX. Dexmedetomidine Reverses Postoperative Spatial Memory Deficit by Targeting Surf1 and Cytochrome c. Neuroscience 2021; 466:148-161. [PMID: 33895343 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Anesthesia and surgery are associated with perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PND). Dexmedetomidine is known to improve PND in rats; however, little is known about the mechanisms. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to resection of the hepatic apex under propofol anesthesia to clinically mimic human abdominal surgery. The rats were divided into four groups: control group (C), anesthesia group (A), model group (M), and model + dex group (D). Cognitive function was evaluated with the Morris water maze (MWM). Neuronal morphology was observed with H&E staining, Nissl's staining and immunohistochemistry. Transcriptome analysis and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to investigate functional mitochondrial mRNA changes in the hippocampus. Protein levels were measured by Western blotting at 1, 3, and 7 days after surgery. Surgery-induced cognitive decline lasted for three days, but not seven days after surgery in the M group; however, rats in the D group were significantly improved by dexmedetomidine. No significant differences in the number of neurons were observed between the groups after surgery. Rats from the M group showed significantly greater expression levels of Iba-1 and GFAP compared with the C group and the D group. Rats in the M group demonstrated increased Surf1 and Cytochrome c expression on days 1 and 3, but not day 7; similar changes were not induced in rats in the D group. Dexmedetomidine appears to reverse surgery-induced behavior, mitigate the higher density of Iba-1 and GFAP, and downregulate the expression of Surf1 and Cytochrome c protein in the hippocampus of rats in a PND model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Niu
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Jia-Lin Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Guo-Fang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology and National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Jian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - John P Williams
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburg 15213, PA, USA.
| | - Jian-Xiong An
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Pain & Sleep Medicine, Aviation General Hospital of China Medical University & Beijing Institute of Translational Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; School of Medical Science & Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
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20
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Cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effect of a novel diminazene aceturate derivative in bovine mammary epithelial cells. Res Vet Sci 2021; 137:102-110. [PMID: 33964615 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Diminazene aceturate (DA) has been used in the treatment of infections of trypanosomes in animals. Interestingly, its anti-inflammatory effect has recently gained increased interests. However, DA has been reported to have toxic side effects that limit its application. Therefore, we synthesized and screened a novel low-toxic DA derivative, namely the DA derivative 3 (DAD3). In the present study, anti-inflammatory effect of DAD3 was evaluated bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) in vitro model. The results demonstrated that DAD3 had less cytotoxicity, and had a stronger effect in inhibiting secretion of inflammatory factors in BMECs, compared to DA. Mechanistically, DAD3 was able to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory factors in part by suppressing the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in BMECs upon LPS stimulation. Molecular analysis further indicated that DAD3 was capable of resolving inflammation in BMECs through a mechanism by preventing nuclear translocation of NF-p65, subsequently inhibiting transcription of inflammatory factors. In this context, DAD3 inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB, ERK, JNK and P-38 proteins of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. These results suggested the DAD3 was a novel DA derivative with low toxicity and strong anti-inflammatory effects in BMECs exposed to LPS, through a mechanism by blocking the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. This study also provides an evidence that the DAD3 may be a novel anti-inflammatory agents warranted for further investigation in treatment of mastitis in cows.
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21
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Choudhury C, Mazumder R, Biswas R, Sengupta M. Cadmium exposure induces inflammation through the canonical NF-κΒ pathway in monocytes/macrophages of Channa punctatus Bloch. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 110:116-126. [PMID: 33453382 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A vast range of research related to the toxicity of the heavy metal cadmium (Cd) has been carried out in a wide variety of fish species. However, Cd induced immunomodulation in monocytes/macrophages of Channa punctatus Bloch. has rarely been explored. The present study was designed to determine Cd induced immune response, role of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) pathway and the subsequent downstream molecular responses in monocytes/macrophages of C. punctatus. Fish were sampled and acclimatized, with one group treated with cadmium chloride (CdCl2) (1.96 mg/L) and another kept as untreated control group, both under observation for 7 days. Exposure to CdCl2 was found to alter hematological profile of C. punctatus in addition to incurring histo-architectural damages in the HK (head kidney) and ultrastructural changes in the monocytes/macrophages. The innate immune potential was found to be significantly compromised as evident from decreased phagocytosis, intracellular killing, cell adhesion and reduced release of nitric oxide (NO) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in Cd intoxicated group. Also Cd triggered ROS generation, reduced cellular NO levels by forming peroxynitrite along with the upregulated expression of the inflammatory marker iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase) in monocytes/macrophages, both at mRNA and protein levels, indicating inflammation. Inflammation is further verified from the upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines viz. TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 along with a central inflammatory mediator NF-κΒ and downregulation of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, both at mRNA and protein levels. It can be concluded that, a sub-lethal exposure of Cd in C. punctatus for 7 days caused significant alterations in the hematological, histological and ultrastructural profile in monocytes/macrophages; impaired innate immune parameters, triggers ROS generation and inflammation as validated from the upregulated expression of NF-κΒ, iNOS, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-12 and IL-10 downregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chohelee Choudhury
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Ritwik Mazumder
- Department of Economics, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India
| | - Rajib Biswas
- Department of Pathology, Silchar Medical College, Silchar, Assam, 788014, India
| | - Mahuya Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar, Assam, 788011, India.
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22
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Xiang B, Li D, Chen Y, Li M, Zhang Y, Sun T, Tang S. Curcumin Ameliorates Copper-Induced Neurotoxicity Through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Apoptosis in SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurochem Res 2020; 46:367-378. [PMID: 33201401 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03173-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Impaired homeostasis of copper has been linked to different pathophysiological mechanisms in neurodegenerative diseases and oxidative injury has been proposed as the main mechanism. This study aims to use curcumin, a widely used antioxidative and anti-apoptotic agent, to exert the neuroprotective effect against copper in vitro and illuminate the underlying mechanism. The effect of curcumin was examined by using a cell counting kit-8 assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, spectrophotometer, and western blot. Results revealed that after pretreatment with curcumin for 3 h, copper-induced toxicity and apoptosis show a significant decline. Further experiments showed that curcumin not only decreased the production of ROS and MDA but also increased the activities of the ROS scavenging enzymes SOD and CAT. Moreover, curcumin treatment alleviated the decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential and the nuclear translocation of cytochrome c induced by copper. The protein levels of pro-caspase 3, pro-caspase 9, and PARP1 were up-regulated and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio was down-regulated in the presence of curcumin. Taken together, our study demonstrates that curcumin has neuroprotective properties against copper in SH-SY5Y cells and the potential mechanisms might be related to oxidative stress and mitochondrial apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Xiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Daowen Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Breeding and Healthy Husbandry, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Tianjin Agricultural University, Jinjing Road No.22, Xiqing District, Tianjin, 300384, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Tun Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Shusheng Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Gong L, Zhang X, Ge K, Yin Y, Machuki JO, Yang Y, Shi H, Geng D, Gao F. Carbon nitride-based nanocaptor: An intelligent nanosystem with metal ions chelating effect for enhanced magnetic targeting phototherapy of Alzheimer's disease. Biomaterials 2020; 267:120483. [PMID: 33129186 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions imbalance, a well-established pathologic feature of alzheimer's disease (AD), ultimately results in the deposition of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) proteins and Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Herein, to overcome these hurdles, an intelligent Aβ nanocaptor with the capacity to chelate metal ions and targeted therapy is developed by anchoring carbon nitride (C3N4) nanodots to Fe3O4@mesoporous silica nanospheres, and decorated with benzothiazole aniline (BTA) (designated as B-FeCN). The C3N4 nanodots could effectively capture superfluous Cu2+ to suppress the formation of Cu2+-Aβ complex thereby eliminating Aβ aggregation. Simultaneously, the nanocaptor enables local low-temperature hyperthermia to promote the dissolution of preformed fiber precipitates, therefore, maximizing the therapeutic benefits. Owing to its favorable photothermal effect, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of the nanocaptor is noticeably ameliorated upon laser illumination, which conquers the limitations associated with traditional anti-AD drugs, as evidenced by in vivo and in vitro studies. Besides, leveraging on the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 core, the nanocaptor is magnetized to access to the targeted Aβ regions under extrinsic magnetic field. BTA conjugation, which specifically binds to the β2 position of the Aβ fibers, executes specific targeting at Aβ plaques, and synchronously endows the BTA-modified nanocaptor with fluorescent imaging property for sensitively detecting Aβ aggregates. In view of these superiorities, nanocaptors combine metallostasis restoration and Aβ targeted therapy can surmount the interference of copper ions, enhance BBB permeability and protect cells against Aβ-induced neurotoxicity, which provides new avenues for developing neuroprotective nanosystems for the treatment of alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gong
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, 52074, Germany
| | - Kezhen Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Yiming Yin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Jeremiah Ong'achwa Machuki
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Yun Yang
- Nanomaterials and Chemistry Key Laboratory, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang, 325027, PR China
| | - Hengliang Shi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China
| | - Deqin Geng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China; Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China.
| | - Fenglei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, PR China.
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24
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Tan X, Guan H, Yang Y, Luo S, Hou L, Chen H, Li J. Cu(II) disrupts autophagy-mediated lysosomal degradation of oligomeric Aβ in microglia via mTOR-TFEB pathway. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2020; 401:115090. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2020.115090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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25
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Guan H, Li J, Tan X, Luo S, Liu Y, Meng Y, Wu B, Zhou Y, Yang Y, Chen H, Hou L, Qiu Y, Li J. Natural Xanthone α-Mangostin Inhibits LPS-Induced Microglial Inflammatory Responses and Memory Impairment by Blocking the TAK1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e2000096. [PMID: 32506806 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The effect of α-mangostin (α-M), a polyphenolic xanthone isolated from mangostin, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation and memory impairment is explored. The possible underlying mechanisms are also investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Cytokine production and activation of transforming growth factor activated kinase-1 (TAK1) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) are detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or Western blot. Microglial migration and phagocytosis are evaluated with scratch wound-healing assay and phagocytosis of fluorescent latex beads, respectively. Learning and memory abilities of mice are evaluated with the Morris water maze test. The nanomolar (100-500 nm) α-M suppresses LPS-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in microglia. It also inhibits LPS-induced microglial migration and phagocytosis. α-M rescues LPS-caused, microglia-mediated neuronal dendritic damage. Moreover, α-M represses LPS-induced toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression and activation of TAK1 and NF-κB. In a mouse neuroinflammation model, α-M (50 mg kg-1 day-1 ) shows obvious anti-neuroinflammatory, neuroprotective, and memory-improving effects in vivo. CONCLUSION α-M inhibits microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and prevents neurotoxicity and memory impairment from inflammatory damage. These results indicate that α-M has great potential to be used as a nutritional preventive strategy for neuroinflammation-related neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Jiabing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofang Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Shenying Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yangdan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Meng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Baichuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Hongzhuan Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Biomedical Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Lina Hou
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Yu Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China
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26
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Wang J, Xiao J, Zhang J, Chen H, Li D, Li L, Cao J, Xie L, Luo Y. Effects of dietary Cu and Zn on the accumulation, oxidative stress and the expressions of immune-related genes in the livers of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:198-207. [PMID: 32151685 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Excess Cu and Zn can cause many adverse effects in fish. However, few studies have addressed the effects of dietary Cu and Zn on antioxidant physiology and immunity and the underlying mechanisms in fishes. In this study, accumulation of Cu and Zn, effects on the antioxidant enzymes and the transcriptional expressions of immune-related genes were examined in the Oreochromis niloticus fed the Cu and/or Zn enriched duckweed. The results showed that the liver and intestine had the highest accumulation of Cu2+ and Zn2+ while the muscle had the lowest accumulation of these two metals. The activities of SOD, CAT, GPx and the contents of GSH, GSSG in the liver of all treatment groups were significantly decreased compared to the control group. MDA content was significantly elevated in all treatment groups after feeding for 21 days, implying lipid peroxidation in the liver. In the Cu + Zn group, the activities of SOD, GPx and the GSSG content in the liver were significantly decreased. Compared with the Zn group, the LZM activity in the Cu + Zn group was reversed after feeding for 42 days (P < 0.05). The transcriptional expressions of immune-related genes (TNF-α, INF-γ and IL-1β) in Cu, Zn, Cu + Zn groups were significantly inhibited compared with the control group after treatment for 21 days. Compared with the Cu + Zn group, the level of INF-γ transcripts was significantly reduced in the Cu and Zn group, while the TNF-α expression was elevated after treatment for 42 days. Cu and Zn had synergistic effects on the antioxidant system. Cu has greater effects than Zn on the immunity of O. niloticus. This study demonstrates that dietary Cu and Zn may pose a potential threat to the tilapia populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China
| | - Jun Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Hongxing Chen
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dan Li
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liuqing Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China
| | - Jinling Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China.
| | - Lingtian Xie
- SCNU Environmental Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety & MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Theoretical Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yongju Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, China.
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27
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Tanaka KI, Shimoda M, Kasai M, Ikeda M, Ishima Y, Kawahara M. Involvement of SAPK/JNK Signaling Pathway in Copper Enhanced Zinc-Induced Neuronal Cell Death. Toxicol Sci 2020; 169:293-302. [PMID: 30768131 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfz043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) plays an important role in many organisms in various physiological functions such as cell division, immune mechanisms and protein synthesis. However, excessive Zn release is induced in pathological situations and causes neuronal cell death. Previously, we reported that Cu ions (Cu2+) markedly exacerbates Zn2+-induced neuronal cell death by potentiating oxidative stress and the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. In contrast, the stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK) signaling pathway is important in neuronal cell death. Thus, in this study, we focused on the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway and examined its involvement in Cu2+/Zn2+-induced neurotoxicity. Initially, we examined expression of factors involved in the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway. Accordingly, we found that phosphorylated (ie, active) forms of SAPK/JNK (p46 and p54) are increased by CuCl2 and ZnCl2 co-treatment in hypothalamic neuronal mouse cells (GT1-7 cells). Downstream factors of SAPK/JNK, phospho-c-Jun, and phospho-activating transcription factor 2 are also induced by CuCl2 and ZnCl2 co-treatment. Moreover, an inhibitor of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway, SP600125, significantly suppressed neuronal cell death and activation of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway induced by CuCl2 and ZnCl2 cotreatment. Finally, we examined involvement of oxidative stress in activation of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway, and found that human serum albumin-thioredoxin fusion protein, an antioxidative protein, suppresses activation of the SAPK/JNK signaling pathway. On the basis of these results, our findings suggest that activation of ZnCl2-dependent SAPK/JNK signaling pathway is important in neuronal cell death, and CuCl2-induced oxidative stress triggers the activation of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichiro Tanaka
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mikako Shimoda
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misato Kasai
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayumi Ikeda
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yu Ishima
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Bio-Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Musashino University, Nishitokyo-shi, Tokyo, Japan
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28
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Gao G, Li C, Zhu J, Wang Y, Huang Y, Zhao S, Sheng S, Song Y, Ji C, Li C, Yang X, Ye L, Qi X, Zhang Y, Xia X, Zheng JC. Glutaminase 1 Regulates Neuroinflammation After Cerebral Ischemia Through Enhancing Microglial Activation and Pro-Inflammatory Exosome Release. Front Immunol 2020; 11:161. [PMID: 32117296 PMCID: PMC7020613 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia induces a robust neuroinflammatory response that is largely mediated by the activation of CNS resident microglia. Activated microglia produce pro-inflammatory molecules to cause neuronal damage. Identifying regulators of microglial activation bears great potential in discovering promising candidates for neuroprotection post cerebral ischemia. Previous studies demonstrate abnormal elevation of glutaminase 1 (GLS1) in microglia in chronic CNS disorders including Alzheimer's disease and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Ectopic expression of GLS1 induced microglia polarization into pro-inflammatory phenotype and exosome release in vitro. However, whether GLS1 is involved in neuroinflammation in acute brain injury remains unknown. Here, we observed activation of microglia, elevation of GLS1 expression, and accumulation of pro-inflammatory exosomes in rat brains 72 h post focal cerebral ischemia. Treatment with CB839, a glutaminase inhibitor, reversed ischemia-induced microglial activation, inflammatory response, and exosome release. Furthermore, we found that the application of exosome secretion inhibitor, GW4869, displayed similar anti-inflammatory effects to that of CB839, suggesting GLS1-mediated exosome release may play an important role in the formation of neuroinflammatory microenvironment. Therefore, GLS1 may serve as a key mediator and promising target of neuroinflammatory response in cerebral ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Gao
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunlong Huang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Shu Zhao
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shiyang Sheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Song
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenhui Ji
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Ye
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinrui Qi
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohuan Xia
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jialin C Zheng
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration and Regenerative Therapy, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Nnah IC, Lee CH, Wessling-Resnick M. Iron potentiates microglial interleukin-1β secretion induced by amyloid-β. J Neurochem 2020; 154:177-189. [PMID: 31693761 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) senile plaques in patients' brain tissues. Elevated levels of interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) have been identified in cerebrospinal fluid of living AD patients and in animal models of AD. Increased expression of IL-1β and iron accumulation have been identified in microglial cells that cluster around amyloid plaques in AD mouse models and post-mortem brain tissues of AD patients. The goals of this study were to determine the effects of Aβ on the secretion of IL-1β by microglial cells and whether iron status influences this pro-inflammatory signaling cue. Immortalized microglial (IMG) cells were incubated with Aβ with or without iron. qRT-PCR and western blot analyses showed that Aβ induces biosynthesis of IL-1β by IMG cells. IMG cells secrete the mature form of IL-1β in a caspase 1-dependent manner. Incubation with iron provoked a greater pro-inflammatory response. Inhibition of the iron transporter divalent metal transporter 1 protected IMG cells against Aβ-induced inflammation. Potentiation of Aβ-elicited IL-1β induction by iron was also antagonized by ROS inhibitors, supporting the model that divalent metal transporter 1-mediated iron loading and subsequent increase in ROS contribute to the inflammatory effects of Aβ in microglia. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence microscopy indicate that iron enhances Aβ activation of NF-κB signaling to promote IL-1β synthesis. These results support the hypothesis that Aβ stimulates IL-1β expression by activating NF-κB signaling in microglia cells. Most importantly, iron appears to exacerbate the pro-inflammatory effects of Aβ to increase IL-1β levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel C Nnah
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chih-Hao Lee
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Desler C, Lillenes MS, Tønjum T, Rasmussen LJ. The Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Med Chem 2019; 25:5578-5587. [PMID: 28618998 PMCID: PMC6446443 DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170616110111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The current molecular understanding of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has still not resulted in successful interventions. Mitochondrial dysfunction of the AD brain is currently emerging as a hallmark of this disease. One mitochondrial function often affected in AD is oxidative phosphorylation responsible for ATP production, but also for production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for the de novo synthesis of pyrimidines. This paper reviews the role of mitochondrial produced ROS and pyrimidines in the aetiology of AD and their proposed role in oxidative degeneration of macromolecules, synthesis of essential phospholipids and maintenance of mitochondrial viability in the AD brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claus Desler
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Meryl S Lillenes
- Healthy Brain Aging Centre (HBAC), Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tone Tønjum
- Healthy Brain Aging Centre (HBAC), Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lene Juel Rasmussen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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Tan X, Zhou Y, Gong P, Guan H, Wu B, Hou L, Feng X, Zheng W, Li J. A multifunctional bis-(-)-nor-meptazinol-oxalamide hybrid with metal-chelating property ameliorates Cu(II)-induced spatial learning and memory deficits via preventing neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress in mice. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2019; 52:199-208. [PMID: 30732883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Excess copper exposure is a risk factor of neurodegeneration related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence indicates that, besides promoting amyloid β aggregation, activation of neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress (two key pathophysiological processes of AD) may also play important roles in Cu(II)-induced neuronal injury. Therefore, the copper-chelating strategy has gained attention in search for new anti-AD drugs. We previously reported a novel multifunctional compound N1,N2-bis(3-(S)-meptazinol-propyl) oxalamide (ZLA), a bis-(-)-nor-meptazinol-oxalamide hybrid with properties of dual binding site acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition and Cu(II)/Zn(II) chelation. The present study was aimed to explore its effect on cognitive deficits caused by intrahippocampal injection of Cu(II) in mice. Results showed that ZLA (2, 5 mg/kg; i.p.) treatment significantly ameliorated the Cu(II)-induced impairment of hippocampus-dependent learning and memory, whereas rivastigmine, an AChE inhibitor showing a similar potency of enzyme inhibition to ZLA, had no obvious effect. Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses revealed that ZLA attenuated the decrease in hippocampal expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2, a dendritic marker) in Cu(II)-challenged mice. Further analysis showed that ZLA suppressed the Cu(II)-evoked microglial activation. Moreover, it inhibited the Cu(II)-evoked production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-1β and expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in the hippocampus. The Cu(II)-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress in the hippocampus was also attenuated after ZLA treatment. Collectively, these results suggest that ZLA ameliorates the Cu(II)-caused cognitive deficits. Inhibition of neuroinflammation and oxido-nitrosative stress, and thus ameliorating neuronal injury, may be the potential mechanism for the anti-amnesic effect of ZLA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofang Tan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Ping Gong
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Huifeng Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Baichuan Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Lina Hou
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Xuemei Feng
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China
| | - Wei Zheng
- NPFPC Key Laboratory of Contraceptives and Devices, Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research, 2140 Xietu Road, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 280 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, PR China.
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Zeng L, Ai C, Zhang J, Zheng J. Essential element Cu and non-essential element Hg exposures have different toxicological effects in the liver of large yellow croaker. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2019; 139:6-13. [PMID: 30686450 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to compare the different effects of essential element Cu and non-essential element Hg on antioxidant and inflammatory responses in the liver of large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea. Fish were exposed to Cu stresses (72 and 288 μg L-1) and Hg stresses (14 and 56 μg L-1) for 96 h. High-dose Cu increased metallothioneins (MTs) levels and immune defenses in response to elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), but low-dose Cu had no effect on ROS. High-dose Hg reduced antioxidant and inflammatory responses, which contributed to the increment of ROS. MTs may be a suitable biomarker to assess Cu contamination, but no relationship was observed between MTs levels and Hg content. Furthermore, NFE2-related nuclear factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) were positively related to their respective target genes in the Cu-exposed groups. In conclusion, Cu and Hg induced some differences in antioxidant and inflammatory responses, which providing some novel insights into toxicological effects of Cu and Hg stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Chunxiang Ai
- College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Jianshe Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jialang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
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Huat TJ, Camats-Perna J, Newcombe EA, Valmas N, Kitazawa M, Medeiros R. Metal Toxicity Links to Alzheimer's Disease and Neuroinflammation. J Mol Biol 2019; 431:1843-1868. [PMID: 30664867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
As the median age of the population increases, the number of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and the associated socio-economic burden are predicted to worsen. While aging and inherent genetic predisposition play major roles in the onset of AD, lifestyle, physical fitness, medical condition, and social environment have emerged as relevant disease modifiers. These environmental risk factors can play a key role in accelerating or decelerating disease onset and progression. Among known environmental risk factors, chronic exposure to various metals has become more common among the public as the aggressive pace of anthropogenic activities releases excess amount of metals into the environment. As a result, we are exposed not only to essential metals, such as iron, copper, zinc and manganese, but also to toxic metals including lead, aluminum, and cadmium, which perturb metal homeostasis at the cellular and organismal levels. Herein, we review how these metals affect brain physiology and immunity, as well as their roles in the accumulation of toxic AD proteinaceous species (i.e., β-amyloid and tau). We also discuss studies that validate the disruption of immune-related pathways as an important mechanism of toxicity by which metals can contribute to AD. Our goal is to increase the awareness of metals as players in the onset and progression of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tee Jong Huat
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia; Centre for Stem Cell Ageing and Regenerative Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Judith Camats-Perna
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Estella A Newcombe
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nicholas Valmas
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Masashi Kitazawa
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Medeiros
- Neurula Laboratory, Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
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Yan L, Yang J, Yu M, Lu Y, Huang L, Wang J, Lu X, Jin C, Wu S, Cai Y. Lanthanum chloride induces neuron damage by activating the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway in activated microglia. Metallomics 2019; 11:1277-1287. [DOI: 10.1039/c9mt00108e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lanthanum is a rare earth element which can have adverse effects on the central nervous system (CNS).
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Si LF, Wang CC, Guo SN, Zheng JL, Xia H. The lagged effects of environmentally relevant zinc on non-specific immunity in zebrafish. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:85-93. [PMID: 30253258 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Responses to zinc (Zn) during exposure have well studied but the effects after the exposure are commonly neglected. In the study, non-specific immune response to zinc in blood and spleen of zebrafish was evaluated after exposure. At first, fish were subjected to 0 (control) and 200 μg/L zinc (Zn) for 6 weeks. Specific growth rate, survival rate, blood albumin level, and the activities of Cu/Zn-SOD and iNOS were not significantly changed by Zn exposure. Conversely, Zn increased the levels of globulin and hemoglobin, CAT activity, and mRNA levels of nrf2, sod1, cat, hsf1, hsp70, p65, il-6, il-1β, tnf-α and inos. In the second experiment, zebrafish were transferred to a recovery period for 4 and 8 days. The increased activities of Cu/Zn-SOD and CAT and the up-regulated mRNA levels of nrf2, cat, p65, tnf-α, and inos still were observed. In the third experiment, zebrafish from 4 d post-exposure were re-exposed to the high levels of Zn and cadmium (Cd) (600, 1200 μg/L Zn; 100, 200 μg/L Cd) for 4 days. 100 μg/L Cd caused a higher survival rate in the Zn-exposed fish than the control, suggesting Zn pre-exposure might develop the tolerance to Zn and Cd. Although transcriptional levels of sod1, hsf1, hsf2, hsp70, il-6 and il-1β and activity levels of iNOS recovered to the control levels at 4 and 8 d post-exposure, differences in magnitude of responsiveness were observed between normal fish and Zn-exposed fish. Overall, Zn acclimation persisted when fish recovered, which provides a new perspective about Zn toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Fang Si
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Cheng-Cheng Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Sai-Nan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Hu Xia
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Health Aquaculture and Product Processing in Dongting Lake Area of Hunan Province, Zoology Key Laboratory of Hunan Higher Education, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Hunan, Changde 415000, PR China
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36
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Choo XY, Liddell JR, Huuskonen MT, Grubman A, Moujalled D, Roberts J, Kysenius K, Patten L, Quek H, Oikari LE, Duncan C, James SA, McInnes LE, Hayne DJ, Donnelly PS, Pollari E, Vähätalo S, Lejavová K, Kettunen MI, Malm T, Koistinaho J, White AR, Kanninen KM. Cu II(atsm) Attenuates Neuroinflammation. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:668. [PMID: 30319344 PMCID: PMC6165894 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Neuroinflammation and biometal dyshomeostasis are key pathological features of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Inflammation and biometals are linked at the molecular level through regulation of metal buffering proteins such as the metallothioneins. Even though the molecular connections between metals and inflammation have been demonstrated, little information exists on the effect of copper modulation on brain inflammation. Methods: We demonstrate the immunomodulatory potential of the copper bis(thiosemicarbazone) complex CuII(atsm) in an neuroinflammatory model in vivo and describe its anti-inflammatory effects on microglia and astrocytes in vitro. Results: By using a sophisticated in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) approach, we report the efficacy of CuII(atsm) in reducing acute cerebrovascular inflammation caused by peripheral administration of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CuII(atsm) also induced anti-inflammatory outcomes in primary microglia [significant reductions in nitric oxide (NO), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)] and astrocytes [significantly reduced NO, MCP-1, and interleukin 6 (IL-6)] in vitro. These anti-inflammatory actions were associated with increased cellular copper levels and increased the neuroprotective protein metallothionein-1 (MT1) in microglia and astrocytes. Conclusion: The beneficial effects of CuII(atsm) on the neuroimmune system suggest copper complexes are potential therapeutics for the treatment of neuroinflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Choo
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Liddell
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mikko T Huuskonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alexandra Grubman
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Diane Moujalled
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica Roberts
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kai Kysenius
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Lauren Patten
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hazel Quek
- Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lotta E Oikari
- Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Clare Duncan
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Simon A James
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Lachlan E McInnes
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute for Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David J Hayne
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute for Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul S Donnelly
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Institute for Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Eveliina Pollari
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Suvi Vähätalo
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Katarína Lejavová
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mikko I Kettunen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Tarja Malm
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jari Koistinaho
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Anthony R White
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Cell and Molecular Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Katja M Kanninen
- Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
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37
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Garza-Lombó C, Posadas Y, Quintanar L, Gonsebatt ME, Franco R. Neurotoxicity Linked to Dysfunctional Metal Ion Homeostasis and Xenobiotic Metal Exposure: Redox Signaling and Oxidative Stress. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:1669-1703. [PMID: 29402131 PMCID: PMC5962337 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Essential metals such as copper, iron, manganese, and zinc play a role as cofactors in the activity of a wide range of processes involved in cellular homeostasis and survival, as well as during organ and tissue development. Throughout our life span, humans are also exposed to xenobiotic metals from natural and anthropogenic sources, including aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury. It is well recognized that alterations in the homeostasis of essential metals and an increased environmental/occupational exposure to xenobiotic metals are linked to several neurological disorders, including neurodegeneration and neurodevelopmental alterations. Recent Advances: The redox activity of essential metals is key for neuronal homeostasis and brain function. Alterations in redox homeostasis and signaling are central to the pathological consequences of dysfunctional metal ion homeostasis and increased exposure to xenobiotic metals. Both redox-active and redox-inactive metals trigger oxidative stress and damage in the central nervous system, and the exact mechanisms involved are starting to become delineated. CRITICAL ISSUES In this review, we aim to appraise the role of essential metals in determining the redox balance in the brain and the mechanisms by which alterations in the homeostasis of essential metals and exposure to xenobiotic metals disturb the cellular redox balance and signaling. We focus on recent literature regarding their transport, metabolism, and mechanisms of toxicity in neural systems. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Delineating the specific mechanisms by which metals alter redox homeostasis is key to understand the pathological processes that convey chronic neuronal dysfunction in neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1669-1703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Garza-Lombó
- 1 Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska.,2 Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Yanahi Posadas
- 3 Departamentos de Farmacología y de, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México .,4 Departamentos de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - Liliana Quintanar
- 4 Departamentos de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV) , Mexico City, México
| | - María E Gonsebatt
- 2 Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, México
| | - Rodrigo Franco
- 1 Redox Biology Center and School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln , Lincoln, Nebraska
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Nam E, Han J, Suh JM, Yi Y, Lim MH. Link of impaired metal ion homeostasis to mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2017; 43:8-14. [PMID: 29100100 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Manganese, iron, copper, and zinc are observed to play essential roles in mitochondria. The overload and depletion of metal ions in mitochondria under pathological conditions, however, could disturb mitochondrial compartments and functions leading to cell death. In this review, we mainly summarize how impaired metal ion homeostasis affects mitochondrial systems, such as membrane potentials, the tricarboxylic acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and glutathione metabolism. In addition, based on current findings, we briefly describe a recent understanding of the relationship among metal ion dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the pathogeneses of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunju Nam
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Han
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Suh
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yelim Yi
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hee Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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Zeng L, Zhang JS, Zheng JL, Wu CW. Pre-acclimation to low copper mitigated immunotoxic effects in spleen and head-kidney of large yellow croaker (Pseudosciaena crocea) when exposed subsequently to high copper. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:54-61. [PMID: 28601517 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The hypothesis tested in this study was that Cu pre-acclimation would mitigate high Cu induced immunotoxic effects in large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea. To the end, fish were pre-acclimation to 0 and 84μg CuL-1 for 48h and then exposed to 0 and 420μg CuL-1 for another 48h. Survival rate, Cu content, ROS, NO, activities and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes (iNOS and COX-2), and gene expressions of transcription factor NF-κB and its inhibitor IκBα were determined in spleen and head-kidney of large yellow croaker. Cu pre-acclimation significantly reduced mortality of fish exposed to 420μg CuL-1. Cu pre-acclimation triggered the up-regulation of both enzyme activities and express levels of iNOS and COX-2 in spleen under 420μg CuL-1 exposure, resulting in remarkable reduction of Cu content and ROS in this tissue. Contrast to spleen, iNOS activity remained unchanged but the mRNA level of iNOS increased, and the mRNA level of COX-2 remained constant though COX-2 activity enhanced in head-kidney, suggesting iNOS and COX-2 may be modulated by Cu at a post-transcriptional level. In this process, NF-κB/IκBα signaling molecules may play a vital role in the transcriptional activation of inflammatory genes in both spleen and head-kidney. In conclusion, low Cu pre-acclimation alleviated high Cu induced immunotoxicity in spleen and head-kidney of large yellow croaker by enhancing the activities and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Jian-She Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Chang-Wen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
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40
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Profiling of cytosolic and mitochondrial H 2 O 2 production using the H 2 O 2- sensitive protein HyPer in LPS-induced microglia cells. Neurosci Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2017.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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41
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Guo SN, Zheng JL, Yuan SS, Zhu QL, Wu CW. Immunosuppressive effects and associated compensatory responses in zebrafish after full life-cycle exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of cadmium. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 188:64-71. [PMID: 28458151 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2017.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In natural environments, fish survive in polluted water by cadmium (Cd) throughout their whole life cycle. However, little information is available on Cd toxicity considering a life cycle assessment. The present study investigated effects of environmental levels of cadmium (0, 2.5, and 5μg/L) on immune responses in liver and spleen of zebrafish for 15 weeks, from embryos to sexually maturity. Nitric oxide (NO) levels and iNOS activity declined in liver and spleen of zebrafish exposed to 5μg/L Cd, suggesting an immunosuppressive effect. The result was further supported by the decreased transcriptional levels of proinflammatory cytokines by Cd, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in liver. However, a sharp increase in the mRNA levels of these cytokines was observed in spleen of zebrafish exposed to Cd. The increased mRNA expression of these proinflammatory cytokines may be the secondary effect following immunosuppression and just reflect a compensatory mechanism for coping with the decreased immunity, which may explain an increase in mRNA levels and a decrease in iNOS activity in spleen of zebrafish exposed to Cd. In liver, the down-regulated mRNA levels of iNOS paralleled with the decreased iNOS activity, suggesting a synchronous response from a molecular level to a biochemical level. Positive correlations between mRNA expression levels of nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) and proinflammatory cytokines were also observed, suggesting that NF-κB might be required for the protracted induction of inflammatory genes. The corresponding changes in the mRNA levels of the inhibitor of κBα (IκBαa and IκBαb) may form a feedback loop to restore transcriptional activity of NF-κB. Furthermore, splenic ROS levels were increased by 5μg/L Cd, possibly activating NF-κB pathway. Taken together, immunosuppressive effects and tissue-dependent compensatory responses were demonstrated in zebrafish after full life-cycle exposure to environmental levels of Cd, indicating a compromise between survival and immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai-Nan Guo
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Shuang-Shuang Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- Postgraduate Work Department, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Chang-Wen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
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Park J, Min JS, Chae U, Lee JY, Song KS, Lee HS, Lee HJ, Lee SR, Lee DS. Anti-inflammatory effect of oleuropein on microglia through regulation of Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission. J Neuroimmunol 2017; 306:46-52. [PMID: 28385187 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2017.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Oleuropein is a primary phenolic compound found in olive leaf and Fraxinus rhynchophylla. Here, we investigated the impact of oleuropein on LPS-induced BV-2 microglial cells. Oleuropein suppressed the LPS-induced increase in pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide, and pro-inflammatory cytokines, via inhibition of ERK/p38/NF-κB activation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, it suppressed LPS-induced excessive mitochondrial fission, which regulates mitochondrial ROS generation and pro-inflammatory response by diminishing Drp1 dephosphorylation. Collectively, we demonstrated that oleuropein suppresses pro-inflammatory response of microglia by inhibiting Drp1-dependent mitochondrial fission. Our findings suggest a potential role of oleuropein in microglial inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghyung Park
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Sik Min
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Rare Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Unbin Chae
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yeop Lee
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Traditional Korean Medicine Technology Division, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Song
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jun Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chungcheongbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Zheng JL, Yuan SS, Wu CW, Lv ZM, Zhu AY. Circadian time-dependent antioxidant and inflammatory responses to acute cadmium exposure in the brain of zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2017; 182:113-119. [PMID: 27888766 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Up to date, little information is available on effects of circadian rhythm on metal-induced toxicity in fish. In this study, zebrafish were acutely exposed to 0.97mgL-1 cadmium for 12h either at ZT0 (the light intensity began to reached maximum) or at ZT12 (light intensity began to reached minimum) to evaluate the temporal sensitivity of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in the brain of zebrafish. Profiles of responses of some genes at mRNA, protein and activity levels were different between ZT0 and ZT12 in the normal water. Exposure to Cd induced contrary antioxidant responses and similar inflammatory responses between ZT0 and ZT12. However, the number of inflammatory genes which were up-regulated was significantly greater at ZT12 than at ZT0. And, the up-regulated inflammatory genes were more responsive at ZT12 than at ZT0. At ZT12, antioxidant genes were down-regulated at mRNA, protein and activity levels. Contrarily, antioxidant genes were not affected at mRNA levels but activated at the protein and/or activity levels at ZT0. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) sharply increased and remained relatively stable when fish were exposed to Cd at ZT12 and ZT0, respectively. Positive correlations between ROS levels and mRNA levels of nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) and between mRNA levels of NF-κB and its target genes were observed, suggesting that ROS may play an essential role in regulating the magnitude of inflammatory responses. Taken together, oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in the brain were more serious when fish were exposed to Cd in the evening than in the morning, highlighting the importance of circadian rhythm in Cd-induced neurotoxicity in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Shuang-Shuang Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Chang-Wen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Zhen-Ming Lv
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Ai-Yi Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
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Kim S, Choe JH, Lee GJ, Kim YS, Kim SY, Lee HM, Jin HS, Kim TS, Kim JM, Cho MJ, Shin EC, Jo EK, Kim JS. Ionizing Radiation Induces Innate Immune Responses in Macrophages by Generation of Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species. Radiat Res 2016; 187:32-41. [PMID: 28001907 DOI: 10.1667/rr14346.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
During radiotherapy for tumors, the innate immune system also responds to ionizing radiation and induces immune modulation. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which radiation modulates innate immune responses. In this study, we observed that radiation triggered the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS), leading to innate immune responses in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Radiation-induced mROS was essential for robust induction of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-12p40 mRNA and protein in BMDM. Exposure to radiation also led to rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathways in BMDM. Notably, radiation-induced MAPK activation and NF-κB signaling were regulated by mROS in macrophages. Additionally, radiation-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-12p40 was dependent on JNK, p38 and NF-κB activation in BMDM. These data suggest a key role for radiation-induced pro-inflammatory responses and activation of the MAPK and NF-κB pathways through a triggering mechanism involving mROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sup Kim
- Department of aRadiation Oncology, Daejeon, Korea.,b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Choe
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gippeum Joy Lee
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Yi Sak Kim
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Soo Yeon Kim
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hye-Mi Lee
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyo Sun Jin
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jin-Man Kim
- d Department of Pathology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | | | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- e Laboratory of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- b Department of Medical Science, Daejeon, Korea.,c Department of Infection Signaling Network Research Center, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jun-Sang Kim
- Department of aRadiation Oncology, Daejeon, Korea
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Zheng JL, Yuan SS, Wu CW, Lv ZM. Acute exposure to waterborne cadmium induced oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in the brain, ovary and liver of zebrafish (Danio rerio). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 180:36-44. [PMID: 27642707 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental contaminant that poses serious risks to aquatic organisms and their associated ecosystem. The mechanisms underlying Cd-induced oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in fish remain largely unknown. In this study, adult female zebrafish were exposed to 0 (control), 1mgL-1 Cd for 24h and 96h, and the oxidative stress and inflammatory responses induced by Cd were evaluated in the brain, liver and ovary. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in a time-dependent manner after treatment with Cd in the brain and liver. The increase may result from the disturbance of genes including copper and zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and ciclooxigenase-2 (COX-2) at mRNA, protein and activity levels. Although ROS, NO and MDA were not significantly affected by Cd in the ovary, the up-regulation of Cu/Zn-SOD, CAT, iNOS, and COX-2 was observed. Exposure to Cd induced a sharp increase in the protein levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the brain, liver and ovary, possibly contributing to activate inflammatory responses. Furthermore, we also found a dramatic increase in mRNA levels of NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear transcription factor κB (NF-κB) at 24h in the liver and ovary. The corresponding changes in the mRNA levels of Kelch-like-ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1a and Keap1b) and the inhibitor of κBα (IκBαa and IκBαb) may contribute to regulate the transcriptional activity of Nrf2 and NF-κB, respectively. Contrarily, mRNA levels of Nrf2, NF-κB, Keap1, Keap1b, IκBαa and IκBαb remained stable at 24 and 96h in the brain. Taken together, we demonstrated Cd-induced oxidative stress and immunotoxicity in fish, possibly through transcriptional regulation of Nrf2 and NF-κB and gene modifications at transcriptional, translational, post-translational levels, which would greatly extend our understanding on the Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Shuang-Shuang Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Chang-Wen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Zhen-Ming Lv
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
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46
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Qin W, Li C, Zheng W, Guo Q, Zhang Y, Kang M, Zhang B, Yang B, Li B, Yang H, Wu Y. Inhibition of autophagy promotes metastasis and glycolysis by inducing ROS in gastric cancer cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39839-54. [PMID: 26497999 PMCID: PMC4741864 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy defect has been shown to be correlated with malignant phenotype and poor prognosis of human cancers, however, the detailed mechanisms remain obscure. In this study, we investigated the biological changes induced by autophagy inhibition in gastric cancer. We showed that inhibition of autophagy in gastric cancer cells promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis, alters metabolic phenotype from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and converts cell phenotype toward malignant, which maybe further contribute to chemoresistance and poor prognosis of gastric cancer. We also identified that the EMT and metabolism alterations induced by autophagy inhibition were dependent on ROS-NF-κB-HIF-1α pathway. More importantly, scavenging of ROS by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuated activation of NF-κB and HIF-1α in autophagy-deficient gastric cancer cells, and autophagy inhibition induced metastasis and glycolysis were also diminished by NAC in vivo. Taken together, our findings suggested that autophagy defect promotes metastasis and glycolysis of gastric cancer, and antioxidants could be used to improve disease outcome for gastric cancer patients with autophagy defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Qin
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Qingqu Guo
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Yuefeng Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Muxing Kang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Baozhong Li
- Department of Oncosurgery, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Haijun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Anyang Tumor Hospital, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Department of Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Cancer Institute, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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47
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Chen H, Chong ZZ, De Toledo SM, Azzam EI, Elkabes S, Souayah N. Delayed activation of human microglial cells by high dose ionizing radiation. Brain Res 2016; 1646:193-198. [PMID: 27265419 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that microglia affects the fate of neural stem cells in response to ionizing radiation, which suggests a role for microglia in radiation-induced degenerative outcomes. We therefore investigated the effects of γ-irradiation on cell survival, proliferation, and activation of microglia and explored associated mechanisms. Specifically, we evaluated cellular and molecular changes associated with exposure of human microglial cells (CHME5) to low and high doses of acute cesium-137 γ rays. Twenty-four hours after irradiation, cell cycle analyses revealed dose-dependent decreases in the fraction of cells in S and G2/M phase, which correlated with significant oxidative stress. By one week after irradiation, 20-30% of the cells exposed to high doses of γ rays underwent apoptosis, which correlated with significant concomitant decrease in metabolic activity as assessed by the MTT assay, and microglial activation as judged by both morphological changes and increased expression of Glut-5 and CR43. These changes were associated with increases in the mRNA levels for IL-1α, IL-10 and TNFα. Together, the results show that human CHME5 microglia are relatively resistant to low and moderate doses of γ rays, but are sensitive to acute high doses, and that CHME5 cells are a useful tool for in vitro study of human microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Chen
- Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Zhao Zhong Chong
- Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Sonia M De Toledo
- Department of Radiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Edouard I Azzam
- Department of Radiology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Stella Elkabes
- Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, United States
| | - Nizar Souayah
- Department of Neurology and Neurosciences, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103, United States.
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Salemme A, Togna AR, Mastrofrancesco A, Cammisotto V, Ottaviani M, Bianco A, Venditti A. Anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant activity of dihydroasparagusic acid in lipopolysaccharide-activated microglial cells. Brain Res Bull 2015; 120:151-8. [PMID: 26592472 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The activation of microglia and subsequent release of toxic pro-inflammatory factors are crucially associated with neurodegenerative disease, characterized by increased oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, including Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases and multiple sclerosis. Dihydroasparagusic acid is the reduced form of asparagusic acid, a sulfur-containing flavor component produced by Asparagus plants. It has two thiolic functions able to coordinate the metal ions, and a carboxylic moiety, a polar function, which may enhance excretion of the complexes. Thiol functions are also present in several biomolecules with important physiological antioxidant role as glutathione. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential effect of dihydroasparagusic acid on microglial activation in an in vitro model of neuroinflammation. We have used lipopolysaccharide to induce an inflammatory response in primary rat microglial cultures. Our results suggest that dihydroasparagusic acid significantly prevented lipopolysaccharide-induced production of pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic mediators such as nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor-α, prostaglandin E2, as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression and lipoxygenase activity in microglia cells. Moreover it effectively suppressed the level of reactive oxygen species and affected lipopolysaccharide-stimulated activation of mitogen activated protein kinase, including p38, and nuclear factor-kB pathway. These results suggest that dihydroasparagusic acid's neuroprotective properties may be due to its ability to dampen induction of microglial activation. It is a compound that can effectively inhibit inflammatory and oxidative processes that are important factors of the etiopathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Salemme
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Anna Rita Togna
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Mastrofrancesco
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittoria Cammisotto
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Ottaviani
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Physiopathology and Integrated Center of Metabolomics Research, San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute (IRCCS), via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Armandodoriano Bianco
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Venditti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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49
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Zeng KW, Liao LX, Song XM, Lv HN, Song FJ, Yu Q, Dong X, Jiang Y, Tu PF. Caruifolin D from artemisia absinthium L. inhibits neuroinflammation via reactive oxygen species-dependent c-jun N-terminal kinase and protein kinase c/NF-κB signaling pathways. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 767:82-93. [PMID: 26455476 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work aims to evaluate the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of natural sesquiterpene dimer caruifolin D from Artemisia absinthium L., which is an edible vegetable or traditional medicinal food in East Asia due to its sedation, anti-asthma and antipruritic effects. In this study, we reported that caruifolin D significantly inhibited the productions of various neuroinflammatory mediators from microglia in response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Moreover, anti-inflammatory mechanism study showed that caruifolin D markedly suppressed the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, which was an important player involved in neuroinflammation, leading to inhibitory effects on the activations of protein kinase C (PKC) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which were two major neuroinflammatory signaling pathways in the brains. Furthermore, caruifolin D protected neurons against microglia-mediated neuronal inflammatory damages by up-regulating neuronal viability and maintaining healthy neuronal morphology. Taken together, these results expanded our knowledge about the anti-neuroinflammatory and neuroprotective mechanism of Artemisia absinthium L., and also suggested that caruifolin D was a major anti-inflammatory component from Artemisia absinthium L., which might be developed as a drug candidate for neuroinflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Xi Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiao-Min Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Hai-Ning Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fang-Jiao Song
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Research Studio of Integration of Traditional and Western Medicine, First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Xin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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50
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Elevated neuronal α-synuclein promotes microglia activation after spinal cord ischemic/reperfused injury. Neuroreport 2015; 26:656-61. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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