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Mahanty S, Majumder S, Paul R, Boroujerdi R, Valsami-Jones E, Laforsch C. A review on nanomaterial-based SERS substrates for sustainable agriculture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 950:174252. [PMID: 38942304 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
The agricultural sector plays a pivotal role in driving the economy of many developing countries. Any dent in this economical structure may have a severe impact on a country's population. With rising climate change and increasing pollution, the agricultural sector is experiencing significant damage. Over time this cumulative damage will affect the integrity of food crops and create food security issues around the world. Therefore, an early warning system is needed to detect possible stress on food crops. Here we present a review of the recent developments in nanomaterial-based Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates which could be utilized to monitor agricultural crop responses to natural and anthropogenic stress. Initially, our review delves into diverse and cost-effective strategies for fabricating SERS substrates, emphasizing their intelligent utilization across various agricultural scenarios. In the second phase of our review, we spotlight the specific application of SERS in addressing critical food security issues. By detecting nutrients, hormones, and effector molecules in plants, SERS provides valuable insights into plant health. Furthermore, our exploration extends to the detection of contaminants, chemicals, and foodborne pathogens within plants, showcasing the versatility of SERS in ensuring food safety. The cumulative knowledge derived from these discussions illustrates the transformative potential of SERS in bolstering the agricultural economy. By enhancing precision in nutrient management, monitoring plant health, and enabling rapid detection of harmful substances, SERS emerges as a pivotal tool in promoting sustainable and secure agricultural practices. Its integration into agricultural processes not only augments productivity but also establishes a robust defence against potential threats to crop yield and food quality. As SERS continues to evolve, its role in shaping the future of agriculture becomes increasingly pronounced, promising a paradigm shift in how we approach and address challenges in food production and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouvik Mahanty
- Department of Atomic Energy, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Sector 1, AF Block, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700064, West Bengal, India
| | - Santanu Majumder
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University (Talbot Campus), Fern Barrow, Poole BH12 5BB, UK.
| | - Richard Paul
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University (Talbot Campus), Fern Barrow, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Ramin Boroujerdi
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University (Talbot Campus), Fern Barrow, Poole BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Eugenia Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Christian Laforsch
- Department of Animal Ecology I and BayCEER, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
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2
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Li P, Abd El-Aty AM, Jiang H, Shen J, Wang Z, Wen K, Li J, Wang S, Wang J, Hammock BD, Jin M. Immunoassays and Emerging Analytical Techniques of Fipronil and its Metabolites for Food Safety: A Review. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2059-2076. [PMID: 38252458 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Fipronil, classified as a phenylpyrazole insecticide, is utilized to control agricultural, public health, and veterinary pests. Notably, its unique ecological fate involves degradation to toxic metabolites, which poses the risk of contamination in water and foodstuffs and potential human exposure through the food chain. In response to these concerns, there is a pressing need to develop analytical methodologies for detecting fipronil and its metabolites. This review provides a concise overview of the mode of action, metabolism, and toxicology of fipronil. Additionally, various detection strategies, encompassing antibody-based immunoassays and emerging analytical techniques, such as fluorescence assays based on aptamer/molecularly imprinted polymer/fluorescent probes, electrochemical sensors, and Raman spectroscopy, are thoroughly reviewed and discussed. The focus extends to detecting fipronil and its metabolites in crops, fruits, vegetables, animal-derived foods, water, and bodily fluids. This comprehensive exploration contributes valuable insights into the field, aiming to foster the development and innovation of more sensitive, rapid, and applicable analytical methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Li
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, 12211 Giza, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kai Wen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety, and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jia Li
- Jinhua Miaozhidizhi Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321000, China
| | - Shuting Wang
- Hangzhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology & Nematology and the UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Maojun Jin
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, and Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100081, China
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Guo C, Song C, Wang Q, Dou Y, Gao X, Chen A, Lin J. Effects of Au 6 and Au 20 Adsorption Sites of Cyromazine-Au Complexes by Raman Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13968-13975. [PMID: 37734007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cyromazine, when used as an insect growth regulator and low-toxicity insecticide, may degrade into melamine and pose a potential threat to the environment and soil health, which has thus attracted extensive research on eliminating such a harmful effect. In this paper, density functional theory (DFT)/LC-BLYP/6-311G(d,p) is used to optimize the geometric structure and analyze the vibration of cyromazine. The DFT/LC-BLYP/def2-SVP is used for the cyromazine-Au complex optimization and vibration analysis. The molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), vibration frequency, electrophilicity-based charge transfer (ECT) descriptor, binding energy (BE), polarizability, normal Raman spectroscopy (NRS), and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) of cyromazine adsorbing on Au6 and Au20 are calculated. The study of the chemical enhancement mechanism of SERS of cyromazine at different adsorption sites of Au6 or Au20 confirms the existence of a charge transfer between cyclopromazine and Au6 and Au20, which can adsorb and form stable cyromazine-Au complexes. The results show that N2, H13, and N4 are the adsorption sites of Au6 and Au20. The Raman spectra of the cyromazine-Au complex can be selectively enhanced with a factor up to 9.07. Compared with those of cyromazine-Au6, the Raman spectra of cyromazine-Au20 are enhanced more significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Guo
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chao Song
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yinping Dou
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xun Gao
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Guangdong 528400, China
| | - Anmin Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Jingquan Lin
- School of Physics, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
- Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Guangdong 528400, China
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Wang H, Chen Z, Zhu C, Du H, Mao J, Qin H, She Y, Yan M. An interference-free SERS-based aptasensor for chlorpyrifos detection. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1268:341398. [PMID: 37268344 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we propose an interference-free SERS-based aptasensor for trace detection of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in real samples. In the aptasensor, gold nanoparticles coated with Prussian blue (Au@PB NPs) were employed as SERS tags to provide a sole and intense Raman emission at 2160 cm-1, which could avoid overlapping with the Raman spectrum of the real samples in 600-1800 cm-1 to improve the anti-matrix effect ability of the aptasensor. Under the optimum conditions, this aptasensor displayed a linear response for CPF detection in the range of 0.1-316 ng mL-1 with a low detection limit of 0.066 ng mL-1. In addition, the prepared aptasensor shows excellent application to determine CPF in cucumber, pear and river water samples. The recovery rates were highly correlated with high-performance liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry (HPLC‒MS/MS). This aptasensor shows interference-free, specific and sensitive detection for CPF and offers an effective strategy for other pesticide residue detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Zilei Chen
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Chao Zhu
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hongxia Du
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jiangsheng Mao
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Hongwei Qin
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yongxin She
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mengmeng Yan
- Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Jinan, 250100, China.
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Zhou X, Chen S, Pan Y, Wang Y, Xu N, Xue Y, Wei X, Lu Y. High-Performance Au@Ag Nanorods Substrate for SERS Detection of Malachite Green in Aquatic Products. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:766. [PMID: 37622852 PMCID: PMC10452132 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In order to improve the detection performance of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), a low-cost Au@Ag nanorods (Au@Ag NRs) substrate with a good SERS enhancement effect was developed and applied to the detection of malachite green (MG) in aquaculture water and crayfish. By comparing the SERS signal enhancement effect of five kinds of Au@Ag NRs substrates with different silver layer thickness on 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) solution, it was found that the substrate prepared with 100 µL AgNO3 had the smallest aspect ratio (3.27) and the thickest Ag layer (4.1 nm). However, it showed a good signal enhancement effect, and achieved a detection of 4-MBA as low as 1 × 10-11 M, which was 8.7 times higher than that of the AuNRs substrate. In addition, the Au@Ag NRs substrate developed in this study was used for SRES detection of MG in crayfish; its detection limit was 1.58 × 10-9 M. The developed Au@Ag NRs sensor had the advantages of stable SERS signal, uniform size and low cost, which provided a new tool for SERS signal enhancement and highly sensitive SERS detection method development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shouhui Chen
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.P.); (Y.X.)
- Food Safety Engineering and Technology Research Centre (Shanghai), Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yi Pan
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.P.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- Institute of Food Engineering, College of Life Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China; (Y.W.); (N.X.)
| | - Naifeng Xu
- Institute of Food Engineering, College of Life Science, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai 200234, China; (Y.W.); (N.X.)
| | - Yanwen Xue
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.P.); (Y.X.)
- Food Safety Engineering and Technology Research Centre (Shanghai), Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinlin Wei
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; (Y.P.); (Y.X.)
| | - Ying Lu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Storage and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China
- Marine Biomedical Science and Technology Innovation Platform of Lingang New Area, Shanghai 201306, China
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6
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Nam NN, Do HDK, Trinh KTL, Lee NY. Recent Progress in Nanotechnology-Based Approaches for Food Monitoring. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12234116. [PMID: 36500739 PMCID: PMC9740597 DOI: 10.3390/nano12234116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Throughout the food supply chain, including production, storage, and distribution, food can be contaminated by harmful chemicals and microorganisms, resulting in a severe threat to human health. In recent years, the rapid advancement and development of nanotechnology proposed revolutionary solutions to solve several problems in scientific and industrial areas, including food monitoring. Nanotechnology can be incorporated into chemical and biological sensors to improve analytical performance, such as response time, sensitivity, selectivity, reliability, and accuracy. Based on the characteristics of the contaminants and the detection methods, nanotechnology can be applied in different ways in order to improve conventional techniques. Nanomaterials such as nanoparticles, nanorods, nanosheets, nanocomposites, nanotubes, and nanowires provide various functions for the immobilization and labeling of contaminants in electrochemical and optical detection. This review summarizes the recent advances in nanotechnology for detecting chemical and biological contaminations in the food supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Nhat Nam
- Biotechnology Center, School of Agriculture and Aquaculture, Tra Vinh University, Tra Vinh City 87000, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Dang Khoa Do
- NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ward 13, District 04, Ho Chi Minh City 70000, Vietnam
| | - Kieu The Loan Trinh
- Department of Industrial Environmental Engineering, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (K.T.L.T.); (N.Y.L.)
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si 13120, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (K.T.L.T.); (N.Y.L.)
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7
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Liu C, Xu D, Dong X, Huang Q. A review: Research progress of SERS-based sensors for agricultural applications. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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8
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Zhou YL, Yue SW, Cheng BW, Zhao Q. Determination of fipronil and its metabolites in edible oil by pollen based solid-phase extraction combined with gas chromatography-electron capture detection. Food Chem 2022; 377:132021. [PMID: 34999456 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.132021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a convenient and economic method for the determination of fipronil and its three metabolites in edible oil was developed based on pollen grain solid-phase extraction (SPE). As a natural material, pollen grains exhibit well absorption capacity for some polar compounds due to their special functional structures. Their stable composition and appropriate particle size also make them suitable for SPE. In the present study, natural pine pollen grains without broken wall were used as sorbent for selective isolation and enrichment of fipronil and its three metabolites from edible oils based on hydrogen bond interaction. Several parameters influencing the extraction recoveries were investigated. By coupling with gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD), a new method for analysis of fipronil and its metabolites in edible oils was established. The linearity range was 2-200 ng/g with correlation coefficient R2 more than 0.999. The recoveries in edible oils at three spiked concentrations were in the range of 80.1-96.0% with the RSDs less than 10.6% (intra-day) and 11.5% (inter-day). The limit of detection (LOD) for four target analytes were in the range of 0.2-0.6 ng/g, which was comparable to the previous reported methods. Finally, the established method was successfully applied to detect fipronil and its metabolites in several oil samples with different brands from local market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lian Zhou
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shi-Wen Yue
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Bing-Wei Cheng
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qin Zhao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, School of Public Health, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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Zhang J, Wu C, Yuan R, Huang JA, Yang X. Gap controlled self-assembly Au@Ag@Au NPs for SERS assay of thiram. Food Chem 2022; 390:133164. [PMID: 35551030 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiram (TRM), one dithiocarbamate fungicide, is hazardous due to its ever-growing threat to our production and living. In order to detecting TRM more sensitively, a subtle surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate was reported to achieve TRM detection based on oil-water biphasic self-assembly interface of multi-interstitial Au@Ag@Au NPs crosslinking with 4,4' -Diamino-p-Terphenyl (DATP). This Au@Ag@Au@DATP array shows a noteworthy enhanced Raman signal and stability by controlling the inter-particle spacing of Au@Ag@Au NPs, which overcomes problems of traditional randomly self-assembly methods without cross linker. The Au@Ag@Au@DATP array attained the limit of detection (LOD) of 7.56 × 10-3 ppb for TRM. In addition, this work gives a new approach for controlling gap of SERS hot spot, which have distinct potential in rapid assessment and identification of pesticides on foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Caijun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jian-An Huang
- Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 5A, 90220 Oulu, Finland
| | - Xia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Park JA, Seo Y, Sohn H, Park C, Min J, Lee T. Recent Trends in Biosensors Based on Electrochemical and Optical Techniques for Cyanobacterial Neurotoxin Detection. BIOCHIP JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13206-022-00054-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Chao K, Schmidt W, Qin J, Kim M. A rapid and precise spectroscopic method for detecting fipronil insecticide on solid surfaces. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01384-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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12
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Balaji R, Maheshwaran S, Chen SM, Tamilalagan E, Chandrasekar N, Ethiraj S, Samuel MS. Fabricating BiOI nanostructures armed catalytic strips for selective electrochemical and SERS detection of pesticide in polluted water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 296:118754. [PMID: 34973381 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We have constructed a dual mode catalytic strip equipped with 2D BiOI nanostructures and deployed for dual mode detection sensing of hazardous trichlorophenol (TCP). Synthesized BiOI nanostructures are investigated for its crystal architecture, morphology and chemical composition. The BiOI are loaded onto the catalytic strips with the assistance of gravity offered drying process. The BiOI nanostructures offers a very less charge transfer resistance indicating its superior catalytic properties upon the electrochemical impedance studies. It reflected on providing an excellent limit of detection (LOD) and linear sensing range for TCP in electrochemical mode. For SERS, a thin plasmonic Au layer is sputter coated on BiOI equipped catalytic strips (Au@BiOI) for the TCP detection. An impressive enhancement factor of 107 is obtained for SERS detection of TCP with good LOD of 10-10 M. Fabricated dual mode BiOI based strips are thoroughly examined for operational stability and performance in real time conditions. The fabricated high performance dual mode platform for the detection of hazardous pesticides appears to be a promising prospect for the on-the-spot investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramachandran Balaji
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Selvarasu Maheshwaran
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Elayappan Tamilalagan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Narendhar Chandrasekar
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selvarajan Ethiraj
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Bioengineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Melvin S Samuel
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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El-Akaad S, Morozov R, Golovin M, Bol'shakov O, De Saeger S, Beloglazova N. A novel electrochemical sensor for the detection of fipronil and its toxic metabolite fipronil sulfone using TiO 2-polytriazine imide submicrostructured composite as an efficient electrocatalyst. Talanta 2022; 238:123025. [PMID: 34801916 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.123025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, a simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor based on a screen printed electrode (SPE) modified with titanium dioxide (TiO2) and polytriazine imide submicrostructured composite (TiO2-PTI) has been developed for the simultaneous detection of fipronil (FIP) and its toxic metabolite fipronil sulfone (FIP-S). The submicrostructured composite material based on TiO2 and PTI was obtained by simple hydrothermal treatment of the Ti peroxocomplexes in the presence of pristine. This carbon nitride allotrope has better crystallinity and conductivity than its graphitic analog. It was found that the TiO2-PTI submicrostructured composite enhanced the electrochemical sensing of the SPE electrode towards FIP and its metabolite FIP-S in 0.1 M Britton-Robinson buffer (pH 10) at the oxidation potentials of 0.82 V and 0.94 V, respectively. In addition, it showed good stability and reproducibility for the determination of both analytes. Under optimal conditions, the peak currents by square wave voltammetry were found to vary linearly with FIP and FIP-S concentrations in the range from 0.01 to 10 μM and from 10 to 50 μM, with a detection limit of 8.42 nM, 3.6 μg/kg for FIP and 9.72 nM, 4.04 μg/kg for FIP-S. This sensor was successfully used to detect FIP and FIP-S in eggs and water samples with good recoveries of 90%-106.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan El-Akaad
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), Giza, Egypt.
| | - Roman Morozov
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail Golovin
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Oleg Bol'shakov
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia; N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sarah De Saeger
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Natalia Beloglazova
- Centre of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
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14
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Muhammad M, Shao CS, Liu C, Huang Q. Highly Sensitive Detection of Elevated Exosomal miR-122 Levels in Radiation Injury and Hepatic Inflammation Using an Aptamer-Functionalized SERS-Sandwich Assay. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:8386-8395. [PMID: 35005951 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Radiation-induced organ injury is one of the major fallouts noticed during radiotherapy treatment of malignancies and other detrimental radiation exposures. MicroRNA (miRNA), which is involved in multiple critical cellular processes, is released from the cells of damaged organs in cellular vesicles, commonly known as exosomes. Specifically, exosomal miR-122 is reported to be actively involved in radiation-actuated rectal and hepatic injuries or inflammation. In this work, we developed a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) assay for the quantitative and targeted detection of exosomal miR-122 in mice after drug/radiation treatments. In particular, an aptamer-functionalized magnetic capturing element and Au shell nanoparticle (NP)-based SERS tags were utilized, which upon recognition of the target miRNA constituted a "sandwich" formation, with which an 8 fM limit of detection (LOD) could be achieved. Using this SERS assay, we further found that radiation injury led to the elevated expression of exosomal miR-122 in mice at 4 h postirradiation, confirmed by the quantitative real-time PCR method. It was demonstrated that the drug-induced hepatic inflammation could also be assessed via detecting miR-122 using this SERS method. As such, this work has demonstrated the achievement of a highly selective and sensitive probe of exosomal miRNA, which may thus open a gateway for promising usage in drug/radiation-induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Muhammad
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Anhui230031, China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chang-Sheng Shao
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Anhui230031, China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Anhui230031, China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Qing Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Anhui Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology and Pollution Control Technology, Hefei Institute of Intelligent Agriculture, Institute of Intelligent Machines, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei Anhui230031, China.,Science Island Branch of Graduate School, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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15
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Fipronil and Fipronil Sulfone Distribution in Chicken Feathers and Eggs after Oral and Dermal Exposure. Foods 2021; 10:foods10123077. [PMID: 34945631 PMCID: PMC8702044 DOI: 10.3390/foods10123077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This work aimed to investigate the bio-distribution and the persistence of fipronil and its primary metabolite fipronil sulfone after oral and dermal administration by simulating natural farming conditions. Fipronil and fipronil sulfone detection and quantification were performed in different poultry matrices using an LC-MS/MS method coupled with modified QuEChERS extraction. After oral administration, fipronil was detected in feathers at each sampling time, in eggs for 28 days, and in the internal organs at the end of the experiment. After dermal administration, high levels of fipronil were detected in feathers, accounting for 195.85 ± 8.54 mg/kg, which were reduced by a third after 60 days. No traces of fipronil were detected in the eggs or internal organs. In addition, fipronil sulfone showed remarkable residues in all samples in trial 2. The data obtained confirmed that inappropriate use of unauthorized pesticides can lead to severe contamination of entire poultry farms. The contemporary presence of fipronil sulfone in feathers and eggs associated with the lack of fipronil in eggs suggests recent dermal contamination or past oral contamination. Moreover, simultaneous analysis of hens’ feathers and eggs could represent a new method to improve large-scale monitoring programs and animal welfare, limiting their slaughter.
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16
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Ba X, Yun G, Hou Y, Zhang W, Zhao W, Yuan H, Zhang S. Covalent Triazine Framework Sorbent for Solid Phase Extraction of Fipronil and its Metabolite in Eggs with Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2021; 38:1495-1505. [PMID: 34157958 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2021.1934573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
A solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was established for fipronil and its metabolite residues (fipronil desulfinyl, fipronil sulphone and fipronil sulphide) in eggs with a covalent triazine framework (CTF) porous material as the adsorbent followed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) detection. Multiple probes and quantum chemistry theory calculations were conducted to describe the versatile adsorption property directly and quantifiably. The conjugated structure of CTF and N-containing triazine generated π-π interactions and hydrogen bonds between the CTF and the targets, which led to high extraction efficiency and recoveries. The solid-phase extraction parameters, including amount of the adsorbent, type of eluent, amount of eluent and loading rate were investigated. Under the optimal experimental conditions, the recoveries of the analytes were between 85.5% and 103.2%, and the RSD (n = 5) was between 1.8% and 3.6%. The LODs and LOQs were 0.13-0.2 ng g-1 and 0.5-0.8 ng g-1, respectively. The sorbent can effectively reduce the interference of the matrix and meet the detection requirements of fipronil and its metabolites in eggs. These results imply that the CTF as adsorbents have great potential in the analysis of trace targets in samples with complex matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ba
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guo Yun
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yafei Hou
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenfen Zhang
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wuduo Zhao
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Hang Yuan
- Center of Advanced Analysis and Gene Sequencing, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
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17
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Lai HL, Ghosh S, Chattopadhyay S. The detection of fipronil residue in egg on layered gold nanorod-graphene oxide-based 3D SERS substrate. Analyst 2021; 146:3557-3567. [PMID: 33904550 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00433f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fipronil and its metabolite fipronil sulfone, when found in some food products, such as eggs, have caused major public health concerns. In this study, we used gold nanorods (AuNRs) and graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites to fabricate a layer-by-layer assembled three dimensional (3D) substrate for toxin detection by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The 4-layers of GO-AuNR 3D SERS substrate were optimized using rhodamine 6G. The optimized SERS substrate was used to detect fipronil and fipronil sulfone in spiked eggs. The obtained limit of detection was 10-8 M (∼4.4 ppb), which is below the maximum residue limit in Taiwan of 10 ppb. Egg samples spiked with fipronil (10-7 and 10-3 M) and fipronil sulfone (10-8 and 10-4 M) were measured and the maximum departure of the measured SERS intensity from the calibrated SERS intensity was ∼14%. Thus, a facile screening method for the detection of fipronil/fipronil sulfone in food-grade eggs by SERS is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Lin Lai
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, sec-2 Li Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan and Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, 155, sec-2 Li Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Sandip Ghosh
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, sec-2 Li Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan and Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, 155, sec-2 Li Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
| | - Surojit Chattopadhyay
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 155, sec-2 Li Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan and Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, 155, sec-2 Li Nong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
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18
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Cheng W, Tang P, He X, Xing X, Liu S, Zhang F, Lu X, Zhong L. Au/Ag composite-based SERS nanoprobe of Cr 3. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:2951-2960. [PMID: 33765221 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03228-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative characterization of Cr3+, an important element revealing human metabolism and biological environmental variation, is still difficult to achieve by conventional biochemical methods due to the lack of high-sensitivity, real-time techniques with rapid response detection. Using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), we construct an Au/Ag composite-based SERS nanoprobe for the quantitative characterization of Cr3+ content in solution, in which DL-mercaptosuccinic acid (DL-MSA) is employed for Raman signal enhancement, and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) is chosen as the Raman reporter. The achieved result demonstrates obvious advantages of the synthesized Au/Ag composite-based SERS nanoprobe in sensitivity and response speed. Importantly, this Au/Ag composite-based SERS nanoprobe might provide a new strategy for dynamic monitoring of Cr3+ content in human metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendai Cheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ping Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xuanmeng He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xinyue Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Shengde Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiaoxu Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Functional Materials and Devices, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Liyun Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information Technology, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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19
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Li M, Yang C, Yan H, Han Y, Han D. An integrated solid phase extraction with ionic liquid-thiol-graphene oxide as adsorbent for rapid isolation of fipronil residual in chicken eggs. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1631:461568. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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20
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Sass CAB, Pimentel TC, Aleixo MGB, Dantas TM, Cyrino Oliveira FL, Freitas MQ, Cruz AG, Esmerino EA. Exploring social media data to understand consumers' perception of eggs: A multilingual study using Twitter. J SENS STUD 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/joss.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tiago Mendes Dantas
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC‐RJ) Departamento de Engenharia Industrial Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Fernando Luiz Cyrino Oliveira
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC‐RJ) Departamento de Engenharia Industrial Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Gomes Cruz
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ) Departamento de Alimentos Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Erick Almeida Esmerino
- Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF) Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária Niterói Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio de Janeiro (IFRJ) Departamento de Alimentos Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ), Rodovia BR‐465 Km 07 ‐ Instituto de Tecnologia ‐ Departamento de Tecnologia de Alimentos Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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21
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Li X, Ma W, Li H, Zhang Q, Ma Z. Determination of residual fipronil and its metabolites in food samples: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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22
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Zhao H, Huang D, Zhu S. Multibranch Gold Nanoparticles as Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates for Rapid and Sensitive Analysis of Fipronil in Eggs. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E5354. [PMID: 31817310 PMCID: PMC6960814 DOI: 10.3390/s19245354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive strategy to rapidly detect fipronil residues in eggs using multibranch gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as the substrate of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was investigated in this study. Under optimized conditions, fipronil molecules preferentially deposited on the multibranch gold nanoparticles with preferential (111) facet-oriented growth due to its low surface energy. This anisotropic growth promoted the increase of SERS "hot spots", inducing a huge enhancement of Raman signals of the fipronil. An external standard calibration method was employed for quantitative analysis, and the method was validated for linearity, sensitivity, repeatability and recovery. Good linearity were found in the concentration range of 10 ng/L~10 mg/L in fipronil acetone solution (R2 = 0.9916) and 8 × 10-5 mg/m2 to 0.8 mg/m2 on eggshells (R2 = 0.9906), respectively. The recovery rate based on acetone recovered fipronil on eggshells and in egg liquids was 80.13%~87.87%, and 81.34%~88.89%, respectively. The SERS assay was successfully used to monitor fipronil in eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dandan Huang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China;
| | - Shuhua Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China;
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