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Wu L, Sun W, Zhou J, Li Y, Li J, Song Z, Song C, Xu S, Yue X, Li X. Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals growth and molecular pathway of body color regulation in turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) exposed to different light spectrum. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 49:101165. [PMID: 38007980 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2023.101165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Fish body color changes play vital roles in adapting to ecological light environment and influencing market value. However, the initial mechanisms governing the changes remain unknown. Here, we scrutinized the impact of light spectrum on turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) body coloration, exposing them to red, blue, and full light spectra from embryo to 90 days post hatch. Transcriptome and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analyses were employed to elucidate underlying biological processes. The results showed that red light induced dimorphism in turbot juvenile skin pigmentation: some exhibited black coloration (Red_Black_Surface, R_B_S), while others displayed lighter skin (Red_White_Bottom, R_W_B), with red light leading to reduced skin lightness (L*) and body weight, particularly in R_B_S group. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses showcased upregulated gene expressions related to melanin synthesis in R_B_S individuals, notably tyrosinase (tyr), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (tyrp1), and dopachrome tautomerase (dct), alongside solute carrier family 24 member 5 (slc24a5) and oculocutaneous albinism type II (oca2) as pivotal regulators. Nervous system emerged as a critical mediator in spectral environment-driven color regulation. N-methyl d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor, and calcium signaling pathway emerged as pivotal links intertwining spectral conditions, neural signal transduction, and color regulation. The individual differences in NMDA glutamate receptor expression and subsequent neural excitability seemed responsible for dichromatic body coloration in red light-expose juveniles. This study provides new insights into the comprehending of fish adaptation to environment and methods for fish body color regulation and could potentially help enhance the economic benefit of fish farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Wu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266001, PR China
| | - Wen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266001, PR China
| | - Jiale Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266001, PR China
| | - Yaolin Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266001, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Zongcheng Song
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Weihai 264200, PR China
| | - Changbin Song
- Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100083, PR China
| | - Shihong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, PR China
| | - Xinlu Yue
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Weihai 264200, PR China
| | - Xian Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Fisheries College, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266001, PR China.
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Wang S, Chen Y, Zhou H, Ning Z, Hu T, Ye C, Mu W. Cloning, tissue distribution, and effects of different circadian rhythms on the mRNA expression levels of circadian clock genes Per1a and Per1b in Phoxinus lagowskii. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 256:128310. [PMID: 38007023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the cloning and characterization of Period 1a and Period 1b genes and the analysis of their mRNA and protein expression in Amur minnow (Phoxinus lagowskii) after exposure to different light cycles. The full-length P. lagowskii Per1a and Per1b genes encode proteins consisting of 1393 and 1409 amino acids, and share high homology with the per1 genes of other freshwater fish species. The Per1a and Per1b genes were widely expressed within the brain, eye, and peripheral tissues. The acrophase of the Per1a gene in the pituitary gland occurred during the dark phase at ZT15 (zeitgeber time 15, 12 L: 12 D) and ZT18 (8 L, 16 D), whereas the acrophase of the Per1b gene in the pituitary gland was observed during the light phase. Our study suggests that the expression of Per1a and Per1b in P. lagowskii varied depending on differences in circadian rhythm patterns. The results of our dual-luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that the P. lagowskii Per1b gene enhances the activation of NF-κB. This study is the first to examine the circadian clock gene Per1a and Per1b in the high-latitude fish P. lagowskii, offering valuable insights into the effects of different light periods on this fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Yingqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Haishui Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Zhaoyang Ning
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Tingting Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Cunrun Ye
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China
| | - Weijie Mu
- Key Laboratory of Biodiversity of Aquatic Organisms, College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China.
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Zheng J, Song W, Zhou Y, Li X, Wang M, Zhang C. Cross-species single-cell landscape of vertebrate pineal gland. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12927. [PMID: 38018267 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
The pineal gland has evolved from a photoreceptive organ in fish to a neuroendocrine organ in mammals. This study integrated multiple daytime single-cell RNA-seq datasets from the pineal glands of zebrafish, rats, and monkeys, providing a detailed examination of the evolutionary transition at single-cell resolution. We identified key factors responsible for the anatomical and functional transformation of the pineal gland. We retrieved and integrated daytime single-cell transcriptomic datasets from the pineal glands of zebrafish, rats, and monkeys, resulting in a total of 22 431 cells after rigorous quality filtering. Comparative analysis was then conducted to elucidate the evolution of pineal cells, their photosensitivity, their role in melatonin production, and the signaling processes within the glands of these species. Our analysis identified distinct cellular compositions of the pineal gland in zebrafish, rats, and monkeys. Zebrafish photoreceptors exhibited comprehensive phototransduction gene expression, while specific genes, including transducin (Gngt1, Gnb3, and Gngt2) and phosducin (Pdc), were consistently present in mammalian pinealocytes. We found transcriptional similarities between the pineal gland and retina, underscoring shared evolutionary and functional pathways. Zebrafish displayed unique light-responsive circadian gene activity compared to rats and monkeys. Key ligand-receptor interactions were identified, especially involving MDK and PTN, influencing melatonin synthesis across species. Furthermore, we observed species-specific GPCR (G protein-coupled receptors) expressions related to melatonin synthesis and their alignment with retinal expressions. Our findings also highlighted specific transcription factors (TFs) and regulatory networks associated with pineal gland evolution and function. Our study provides a detailed analysis of the pineal gland's evolution from fish to mammals. We identified key transcriptional changes and controls that highlight the gland's functional diversity. Notably, we found significant ligand-receptor interactions influencing melatonin synthesis and demonstrated parallels between pineal and retinal expressions. These insights enhance our understanding of the pineal gland's role in phototransduction, melatonin production, and circadian rhythms in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihong Zheng
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenqi Song
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihang Zhou
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Songjiang Research Institute, Songjiang District Central Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Fundamental Research Center, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital (Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center), School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Bao Q, Gu W, Song L, Weng K, Cao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Ji T, Xu Q, Chen G. The Photoperiod-Driven Cyclical Secretion of Pineal Melatonin Regulates Seasonal Reproduction in Geese ( Anser cygnoides). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11998. [PMID: 37569373 PMCID: PMC10419153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241511998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The photoperiod is the predominant environmental factor that governs seasonal reproduction in animals; however, the underlying molecular regulatory mechanism has yet to be fully elucidated. Herein, Yangzhou geese (Anser cygnoides) were selected at the spring equinox (SE), summer solstice (SS), autumn equinox (AE), and winter solstice (WS), and the regulation of seasonal reproduction via the light-driven cyclical secretion of pineal melatonin was investigated. We show that there were seasonal variations in the laying rate and GSI, while the ovarian area decreased 1.5-fold from the SS to the AE. Moreover, not only did the weight and volume of the pineal gland increase with a shortened photoperiod, but the secretory activity was also enhanced. Notably, tissue distribution further revealed seasonal oscillations in melatonin receptors (Mtnrs) in the pineal gland and the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. The immunohistochemical staining indicated higher Mtnr levels due to the shortened photoperiod. Furthermore, the upregulation of aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (Aanat) was observed from the SS to the AE, concurrently resulting in a downregulation of the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotropins (GtHs). This trend was also evident in the secretion of hormones. These data indicate that melatonin secretion during specific seasons is indicative of alterations in the photoperiod, thereby allowing for insight into the neuroendocrine regulation of reproduction via an intrinsic molecular depiction of external photoperiodic variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Bao
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Wang Gu
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Lina Song
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Kaiqi Weng
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Zhengfeng Cao
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Ting Ji
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Qi Xu
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
| | - Guohong Chen
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Poultry Genetic Resources of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Q.B.); (W.G.); (L.S.); (K.W.); (Z.C.); (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (T.J.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Zhang J, Li F, Zhang X, Xie T, Qin H, Lv J, Gao Y, Li M, Gao Y, Jia Y. Melatonin Improves Turbot Oocyte Meiotic Maturation and Antioxidant Capacity, Inhibits Apoptosis-Related Genes mRNAs In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1389. [PMID: 37507927 PMCID: PMC10376768 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
High-quality eggs are essential for the sustainability of commercial aquaculture production. Melatonin is a potent candidate for regulating the growth and maturation of oocytes. Therefore, research on the effect of melatonin on marine fish oocytes in vitro has been conducted. The present study successfully established a culture system of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) oocytes in vitro and investigated the effect of melatonin on oocyte meiotic maturation, antioxidant capacity, and the expression of apoptosis-related genes. The cultures showed that turbot Scophthalmus maximus late-vitellogenic denuded oocytes, with diameters of 0.5-0.7 mm, had a low spontaneous maturation rate and exhibited a sensitive response to 17α, 20β-dihydroxyprogesterone (DHP) treatment in vitro. Melatonin increased by four times the rate of oocyte germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The mRNA of melatonin receptor 1 (mtnr1) was significantly upregulated in the oocyte and follicle after treatment with melatonin (4.3 × 10-9 M) for 24 h in vitro, whereas melatonin receptor 2 (mtnr2) and melatonin receptor 3 (mtnr3) remained unchanged. In addition, melatonin significantly increased the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as the levels of glutathione, while decreasing the levels of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in turbot oocytes and follicles cultures in vitro. p53, caspase3, and bax mRNAs were significantly downregulated in oocytes and follicles, whereas bcl2 mRNAs were significantly upregulated. In conclusion, the use of turbot late-vitellogenesis oocytes (0.5-0.7 mm) is suitable for establishing a culture system in vitro. Melatonin promotes oocyte meiotic maturation and antioxidative capacity and inhibits apoptosis via the p53-bax-bcl2 and caspase-dependent pathways, which have important potential to improve the maturation and quality of oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarong Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Feixia Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hongyu Qin
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Junxian Lv
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yunhong Gao
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yuntao Gao
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yudong Jia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
- Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Watanabe K, Nakano M, Maruyama Y, Hirayama J, Suzuki N, Hattori A. Nocturnal melatonin increases glucose uptake via insulin-independent action in the goldfish brain. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1173113. [PMID: 37288290 PMCID: PMC10242130 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1173113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin, a neurohormone nocturnally produced by the pineal gland, is known to regulate the circadian rhythm. It has been recently reported that variants of melatonin receptors are associated with an increased risk of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes, suggesting that melatonin may be involved in the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Insulin is a key hormone that regulates circulating glucose levels and cellular metabolism after food intake in many tissues, including the brain. Although cells actively uptake glucose even during sleep and without food, little is known regarding the physiological effects of nocturnal melatonin on glucose homeostasis. Therefore, we presume the involvement of melatonin in the diurnal rhythm of glucose metabolism, independent of insulin action after food intake. In the present study, goldfish (Carassius auratus) was used as an animal model, since this species has no insulin-dependent glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4). We found that in fasted individuals, plasma melatonin levels were significantly higher and insulin levels were significantly lower during the night. Furthermore, glucose uptake in the brain, liver, and muscle tissues also significantly increased at night. After intraperitoneal administration of melatonin, glucose uptake by the brain and liver showed significantly greater increases than in the control group. The administration of melatonin also significantly decreased plasma glucose levels in hyperglycemic goldfish, but failed to alter insulin mRNA expression in Brockmann body and plasma insulin levels. Using an insulin-free medium, we demonstrated that melatonin treatment increased glucose uptake in a dose-dependent manner in primary cell cultures of goldfish brain and liver cells. Moreover, the addition of a melatonin receptor antagonist decreased glucose uptake in hepatocytes, but not in brain cells. Next, treatment with N1-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK), a melatonin metabolite in the brain, directly increased glucose uptake in cultured brain cells. Taken together, these findings suggest that melatonin is a possible circadian regulator of glucose homeostasis, whereas insulin acquires its effect on glucose metabolism following food intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Watanabe
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Masaki Nakano
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Maruyama
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Sport and Wellness, College of Sport and Wellness, Rikkyo University, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
| | - Jun Hirayama
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, Japan
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Sustainable Systems Science, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Noto-Cho, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Sport and Wellness, College of Sport and Wellness, Rikkyo University, Niiza, Saitama, Japan
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Tan ML, Xie CT, Tu X, Li YW, Chen QL, Shen YJ, Liu ZH. Short daylight photoperiod alleviated alarm substance-stimulated fear response of zebrafish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 338:114274. [PMID: 36940834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiod has been well-documented to be involved in regulating many activities of animals. However, whether photoperiod takes part in mood control, such as fear response in fish and the underlying mode(s) of action remain unclear. In this study, adult zebrafish males and females (Danio rerio) were exposed to different photoperiods, Blank (12 h light: 12 h dark), Control (12 h light: 12 h dark), Short daylight (SD, 6 h light: 18 h dark) and Long daylight (LD, 18 h light: 6 h dark) for 28 days. After exposure, fear response of the fish was investigated using a novel tank diving test. After alarm substance administration, the onset to higher half, total duration in lower half and duration of freezing in SD-fish were significantly decreased, suggesting that short daylight photoperiod is capable of alleviating fear response in zebrafish. In contrast, comparing with the Control, LD didn't show significant effect on fear response of the fish. Further investigation revealed that SD increased the levels of melatonin (MT), serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) in the brain while decreased the plasma level of cortisol comparing to the Control. Moreover, the expressions of genes in MT, 5-HT and DA pathways and HPI axis were also altered consistently. Our data indicated that short daylight photoperiod might alleviate fear response of zebrafish probably through interfering with MT/5-HT/DA pathways and HPI axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Ling Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Cheng-Ting Xie
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xin Tu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Ying-Wen Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Qi-Liang Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yan-Jun Shen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Animal Biology, College of Life Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.
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Jiang S, Miao J, Wang L, Yao L, Pan L. Transcriptomic response to GnRH down regulation by RNA interference in clam Ruditapes philippinarum, suggest possible role in reproductive function. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2023; 277:111367. [PMID: 36608928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) plays a key role in the control of the reproductive axis in vertebrates, however, little is known about its function in reproductive endocrine regulation in molluscs. In the present study, RNA-seq was used to construct transcriptomes of Ruditapes philippinarum testis and ovaries of control and GnRH suppressed individuals using RNA interference. GnRH suppression caused 112 and 169 enriched KEGG pathways in testis and ovary, with 92 pathways in common in both comparisons. The most enriched KEGG pathways occurred in the "Oxidative phosphorylation", "Dorso-ventral axis formation", "Thyroid hormone synthesis" and "Oxytocin signaling pathway" etc. A total of 1838 genes in testis and 358 genes in ovaries were detected differentially expressed in GnRH suppressed clams. Among the differentially expressed genes, a suit of genes related to regulation of steroid hormones synthesis and gonadal development, were found in both ovary and testis with RNAi of GnRH. These results suggest that GnRH may play an important role in reproductive function in bivalves. This study provides a preliminary basis for studying the function and regulatory mechanism of GnRH in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Jingjing Miao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China.
| | - Lu Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Linlin Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
| | - Luqing Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, PR China
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Peter MCS, Gayathry R, Simi S, Peter VS. Melatonin integrates multidimensional regulation of Na +/K +-ATPase in ionocytes and promotes stress and ease response in hypoxia-induced air-breathing fish: lessons from integrative approach. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1012729. [PMID: 36714310 PMCID: PMC9879292 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1012729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
As circadian regulator, melatonin is involved in many physiological processes including ionosmotic regulation in fishes. Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), an ubiquitous Na+/K+ transporter in ionocyte epithelia that drives electrochemical Na+ gradients and systemic osmotic integration, is a target of stress in fish. However, it is not certain how melatonin regulates NKA functions in ionocyte epithelia and how it modulates the adaptive response such as stress and ease response in fish particularly in hypoxia condition. We, thus, examined the short-term in vivo action of melatonin on the dynamics of NKA regulation in branchial, renal and intestinal ionocytes of hypoxia-induced air-breathing fish (Anabas testudineus Bloch). Interestingly, we found a rise in plasma melatonin in fish when kept for 30 min of forced submergence in water and that indicates a role for melatonin in hypoxia tolerance. A fall in blood [Na+ , K+] occurred in these hypoxic fish which later showed a recovery after melatonin treatment. Similarly, melatonin favored the fall in NKA activity in branchial and renal epithelia of hypoxic fish, though it remarkably stimulated its activities in non-stressed fish. Likewise, melatonin that produced differential pattern of mRNA expression in nkaα1-subunit isoforms (nkaα1a, nkaα1b and nkaα1c) and melatonin receptor isoforms (mtnr1a, mtnr1bb, mtnr1bb x1x2 ) in the tested ionocyte epithelia, showed reversed expression in hypoxic fish. In addition, the rise in NKAα-protein abundance in branchial and renal epithelia of melatonin-treated hypoxic fish indicated a recovery action of melatonin. A higher NKAα-immunoreactivity was found in the immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent images of branchial ionocytes and renal proximal and distal ionocytes of hypoxic fish treated with melatonin. Furthermore, an activation of PKA and PKG-dependent phosphorylation was found in branchial epithelia of hypoxic fish. The generated integrative parabola model showed that melatonin has a maximum targeted action on NKA function in the renal epithelia, suggesting its lead role in the integration of ionosmotic balance during the recovery or ease response. Over all, the data indicate a multidimensional and preferential action of melatonin on NKA regulation in fish ionocytes that integrate the recovery action against hypoxia, thus pointing to a major role for melatonin in stress and ease response in this fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Subhash Peter
- Inter-University Centre for Evolutionary and Integrative Biology-ICEIB, School of Life Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, India,Department of Zoology, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, India,*Correspondence: M. C. Subhash Peter,
| | - R. Gayathry
- Inter-University Centre for Evolutionary and Integrative Biology-ICEIB, School of Life Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - S. Simi
- Inter-University Centre for Evolutionary and Integrative Biology-ICEIB, School of Life Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Valsa S. Peter
- Inter-University Centre for Evolutionary and Integrative Biology-ICEIB, School of Life Sciences, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, India
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10
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Sanjita Devi H, Rajiv C, Mondal G, Khan ZA, Devi SD, Bharali R, Chattoraj A. Influence of photoperiod variations on the mRNA expression pattern of melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes in the pineal organ and retina: A study in relation to the serum melatonin profile in the tropical carp Catla catla. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2022; 101:1569-1581. [PMID: 36205436 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Surface-dwelling C. catla were exposed to different photoperiods (8L:16D, 12L:12D, 12D:12L and 16L:8D) and the mRNA level profile of enzymes involved in melatonin synthesis was evaluated in the pineal gland and retina. Furthermore, a comparative analysis of the serum melatonin profile with the mRNA level was also performed. The results indicated diurnal variations in the transcripts of tph1, aanat and hiomt in the pineal organ and retina, and these variations change with the change in lighting regime. The serum melatonin profile showed rhythmicity in the natural photoperiod, but the serum melatonin level increased proportionally with increasing daylength. In short photoperiods, the peak value (though lower than in long photoperiods) of melatonin maintains a longer duration in serum. Moreover, the comparative analysis revealed a similar profile of mRNA of pineal aanat1 and aanat2 with serum melatonin under the same lighting conditions. This indicates that serum melatonin is produced by the pineal gland. Our results specify the importance of day length and the timing of onset or offset of the dark for maintaining the oscillating levels of serum melatonin and mRNA levels of melatonin biosynthesizing enzyme genes in the pineal organ and retina as well. The findings in this study highlight the distinctive pattern of mRNA levels in the pineal organ and retina under different photoperiods. The pineal melatonin biosynthesizing enzyme genes showed a similar pattern with serum melatonin levels while the retinal genes changed dramatically with photoperiod. We also revealed a light-dependent transcriptional regulation of pineal aanat genes in C. catla. Moreover, our results suggest that ALAN and skyglow can influence the levels of serum melatonin and its biosynthesis, resulting in desynchronization of the entire biological clock as well as the overall physiology of the animal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chongtham Rajiv
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, India
| | - Gopinath Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, India
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, India
| | - Sijagurumayum Dharmajyoti Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Government of India, Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Imphal, India
| | - Rupjyoti Bharali
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati, India
| | - Asamanja Chattoraj
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, India
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11
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Fukunaga K, Takeuchi Y, Yamauchi C, Takemura A. Induction of spawning under artificial moonlight in the honeycomb grouper Epinephelus merra, a lunar-synchronized spawner. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2022.2046416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Fukunaga
- Center for Strategic Research Project, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Japan
| | - Yuki Takeuchi
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate School, Okinawa, Japan
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12
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Imamura S, Hur SP, Takeuchi Y, Badruzzaman M, Mahardini A, Rizky D, Takemura A. Effect of short- and long-term melatonin treatments on the reproductive activity of the tropical damselfish Chrysiptera cyanea. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:253-262. [PMID: 35099686 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01051-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photoperiod plays a role in controlling the initiation and termination of reproduction in fish. Melatonin is an internal transducer of environmental photoperiod and is involved in regulating reproduction. The present study aimed to examine how melatonin impacts the transcript levels of kisspeptin (kiss1 and kiss2), gonadotropin-releasing hormones (gnrh1), and the β-subunit of gonadotropins (fshβ and lhβ) in the brain of the sapphire devil, a tropical damselfish with long photoperiod preference. Feeding mature females with melatonin-containing pellets inhibited increases in the transcript levels of kiss1, gnrh1, and lhβ within 3 h. Continuous melatonin treatment for 1 week resulted in oocyte regression and downregulation of kiss2, gnrh1, fshβ, and lhβ. When the transcript levels of kiss1 and gnrh1 were measured at 4-h intervals in the brain of sapphire devil, a day-high/night-low fluctuation was observed. The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis may be influenced by melatonin, exerting a negative effect at night because the transcript levels of aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (aanat2) increased during the scotophase. The expression of aanat2 was higher under short-day than long-day conditions, suggesting that there is a seasonal change in melatonin levels at night. It was concluded that change in photoperiod becomes a key factor for controlling the hormone synthesis in the HPG axis through melatonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Imamura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research and Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, 63349, South Korea
| | - Yuki Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate School, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Muhammad Badruzzaman
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Salna, 1706, Bangladesh
| | - Angka Mahardini
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research and Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province, Jeju, 63349, South Korea
| | - Dinda Rizky
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan.
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Falcón J, Herrero MJ, Nisembaum LG, Isorna E, Peyric E, Beauchaud M, Attia J, Covès D, Fuentès M, Delgado MJ, Besseau L. Pituitary Hormones mRNA Abundance in the Mediterranean Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax: Seasonal Rhythms, Effects of Melatonin and Water Salinity. Front Physiol 2021; 12:774975. [PMID: 34975529 PMCID: PMC8715012 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.774975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In fish, most hormonal productions of the pituitary gland display daily and/or seasonal rhythmic patterns under control by upstream regulators, including internal biological clocks. The pineal hormone melatonin, one main output of the clocks, acts at different levels of the neuroendocrine axis. Melatonin rhythmic production is synchronized mainly by photoperiod and temperature. Here we aimed at better understanding the role melatonin plays in regulating the pituitary hormonal productions in a species of scientific and economical interest, the euryhaline European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax. We investigated the seasonal variations in mRNA abundance of pituitary hormones in two groups of fish raised one in sea water (SW fish), and one in brackish water (BW fish). The mRNA abundance of three melatonin receptors was also studied in the SW fish. Finally, we investigated the in vitro effects of melatonin or analogs on the mRNA abundance of pituitary hormones at two times of the year and after adaptation to different salinities. We found that (1) the reproductive hormones displayed similar mRNA seasonal profiles regardless of the fish origin, while (2) the other hormones exhibited different patterns in the SW vs. the BW fish. (3) The melatonin receptors mRNA abundance displayed seasonal variations in the SW fish. (4) Melatonin affected mRNA abundance of most of the pituitary hormones in vitro; (5) the responses to melatonin depended on its concentration, the month investigated and the salinity at which the fish were previously adapted. Our results suggest that the productions of the pituitary are a response to multiple factors from internal and external origin including melatonin. The variety of the responses described might reflect a high plasticity of the pituitary in a fish that faces multiple external conditions along its life characterized by marked daily and seasonal changes in photoperiod, temperature and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Falcón
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS UMR 8067, SU, IRD 207, UCN, UA, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Maria Jesus Herrero
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Laura Gabriela Nisembaum
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esther Isorna
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Elodie Peyric
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Marilyn Beauchaud
- Equipe de Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, UMR-S 1028, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Jean-Monnet (UJM), Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Joël Attia
- Equipe de Neuro-Ethologie Sensorielle, ENES/CRNL, CNRS UMR 5292, UMR-S 1028, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Jean-Monnet (UJM), Saint-Étienne, France
| | - Denis Covès
- Station Ifremer de Palavas, Palavas-les-Flots, Nantes, France
| | - Michael Fuentès
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Maria Jesus Delgado
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laurence Besseau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
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14
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Sua-Cespedes CD, David DD, Souto-Neto JA, Lima OG, Moraes MN, de Assis LVM, Castrucci AMDL. Low Temperature Effect on the Endocrine and Circadian Systems of Adult Danio rerio. Front Physiol 2021; 12:707067. [PMID: 34899364 PMCID: PMC8652057 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.707067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The control of the biological rhythms begins with the activation of photo- and thermosensitive cells located in various organs of the fish such as brain, eye, and skin, but a central clock is still to be identified in teleosts. Thermal changes are stressors which increase cortisol and affect the rhythm of other hormones such as melatonin and growth hormone (GH), in both endo- and ectothermic organisms. Our aim was to investigate how temperature (23°C for 6 days) lower than the optimal (28°C) modulates expression of several gene pathways including growth hormone (gh1) and its receptors (ghra, ghrb), insulin-like growth factor1 (igf1a, igf1b) and its receptors (igf1ra, igf1rb), cortisol and its receptor (gr), the limiting enzyme of melatonin synthesis (arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase, aanat) and melatonin receptors (mtnr1aa, mtnr1bb), as well as their relationship with clock genes in Danio rerio in early light and early dark phases of the day. Lower temperature reduced the expression of the hormone gene gh1, and of the related receptors ghra, ghrb, igf1ra, and igf1rb. Cortisol levels were higher at the lower temperature, with a decrease of its receptor (gr) transcripts in the liver. Interestingly, we found higher levels of aanat transcripts in the brain at 23°C. Overall, lower temperature downregulated the transcription of hormone related genes and clock genes. The results suggest a strong correlation of temperature challenge with the clock molecular mechanism and the endocrine systems analyzed, especially the growth hormone and melatonin axes, in D. rerio tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristhian D Sua-Cespedes
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Dantas David
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A Souto-Neto
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otoniel Gonçalves Lima
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Nathália Moraes
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo V Monteiro de Assis
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism, Institute of Neurobiology, Lübeck University, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Ana Maria de Lauro Castrucci
- Laboratory of Comparative Physiology of Pigmentation, Department of Physiology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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15
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Hyeon JY, Byun JH, Kim ES, Heo YS, Fukunaga K, Kim SK, Imamura S, Kim SJ, Takemura A, Hur SP. Testis development in the Japanese eel is affected by photic signals through melatonin secretion. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12289. [PMID: 34721978 PMCID: PMC8522646 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective According to reported spawning characteristics of Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, which exhibit spawning and migration patterns that are synchronized with lunar cycles and photoperiod, we hypothesized that a close association exists between specific photic signals (daylight, daylength, and moonlight) and endocrinological regulation. Given the photic control in melatonin secretion, this hypothesis was tested by investigating whether melatonin signals act as mediators relaying photic signals during testis development in the eel. Methods We examined changes in melatonin-secretion patterns using time-resolved fluorescence immunoassays in sexually immature and mature male Japanese eels under the condition of a new moon (NM) and a full moon (FM). Results The eye and plasma melatonin levels exhibited a nocturnal pattern under a 12-h light: dark cycle (12L12D) or under constant darkness (DD), but not with constant light (LL). Eye melatonin levels were similar under the 12L12D and short-day (9L15D) conditions. In the long-day condition (15L9D), secreted plasma melatonin levels were stable, whereas short-day melatonin secretion began when darkness commenced. Sexual maturation began at 8 weeks following intraperitoneal injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and NM exposure led to significantly higher eye and plasma melatonin levels compared with those detected under FM exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Hyeon
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Hwan Byun
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Eun-Su Kim
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Seong Heo
- LED-Marine Biology Convergence Technology Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kodai Fukunaga
- Center for Strategic Research Project, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Shin-Kwon Kim
- Aquaculture Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Satoshi Imamura
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Se-Jae Kim
- Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju Marine Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Ocean Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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16
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Seasonal influence on the bathymetric distribution of an endangered fish within a marine protected area. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13342. [PMID: 34172777 PMCID: PMC8233415 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92633-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The spatio-temporal variability of fish distribution is important to better manage and protect the populations of endangered species. In this sense, the vertical movements of a vulnerable and protected species, Sciaena umbra, were assessed in a marine protected area (the Réserve Naturelle Marine de Cerbère-Banyuls, south of France) to study the variability of their bathymetric distribution at different time scales. Twenty adults were marked with acoustic transmitters and acoustically monitored over 2.5 years. This revealed that some individuals remained at shallow waters (< 8 m) all year round, while others presented vertical segregation at deeper waters during the cold months (mean depth of 22.5 ± 0.04 m) and all aggregated in shallow waters during the warm months. The brown meagre was more active during the night, except in June and July when peaks of activity were observed at dusk. These patterns are likely associated with foraging and reproductive behavior during the cold and warm periods, respectively, and likely regulated by water temperature and the depth of the thermocline. Here, we provide valuable information on when and where in the water column critical periods of S. umbra life cycle are expected to occur, which should be considered in management and protection plans.
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17
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Dharmajyoti Devi S, Mondal G, Khan ZA, Sarma HK, Chattoraj A. Differential gene expression and immunohistochemical localization of the key melatonin biosynthesizing enzymes in the testis of zebrafish (Danio rerio). BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1926078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sijagurumayum Dharmajyoti Devi
- Department of Biotechnology, Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Gopinath Mondal
- Department of Biotechnology, Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Takyelpat, Imphal, Manipur, India
| | | | - Asamanja Chattoraj
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Asansol, West Bengal, India
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18
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Perelmuter JT, Hom KN, Mohr RA, Demis L, Kim S, Chernenko A, Timothy M, Middleton MA, Sisneros JA, Forlano PM. Testosterone Treatment Mimics Seasonal Downregulation of Dopamine Innervation in the Auditory System of Female Midshipman Fish. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:269-282. [PMID: 33974077 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In seasonally breeding vertebrates, hormones coordinate changes in nervous system structure and function to facilitate reproductive readiness and success. Steroid hormones often exert their effects indirectly via regulation of neuromodulators, which in turn can coordinate the modulation of sensory input with appropriate motor output. Female plainfin midshipman fish (Porichthys notatus) undergo increased peripheral auditory sensitivity in time for the summer breeding season, improving their ability to detect mates, which is regulated by steroid hormones. Reproductive females also show differences in catecholaminergic innervation of auditory circuitry compared with winter, non-reproductive females as measured by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholaminergic synthesis. Importantly, catecholaminergic input to the inner ear from a dopaminergic-specific forebrain nucleus is decreased in the summer and dopamine inhibits the sensitivity of the inner ear, suggesting that gonadal steroids may alter auditory sensitivity by regulating dopamine innervation. In this study, we gonadectomized non-reproductive females, implanted them with estradiol (E2) or testosterone (T), and measured TH immunoreactive (TH-ir) fibers in auditory nuclei where catecholaminergic innervation was previously shown to be seasonally plastic. We found that treatment with T, but not E2, reduced TH-ir innervation in the auditory hindbrain. T-treatment also reduced TH-ir fibers in the forebrain dopaminergic cell group that projects to the inner ear, and likely to the auditory hindbrain. Higher T plasma in the treatment group was correlated with reduced-ir TH terminals in the inner ear. These T-treatment induced changes in TH-ir fibers mimic the seasonal downregulation of dopamine in the midshipman inner ear and provide evidence that steroid hormone regulation of peripheral auditory sensitivity is mediated, in part, by dopamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T Perelmuter
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,Psychology Subprogram in Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelsey N Hom
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,Doctoral Program in Biology, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Biology Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert A Mohr
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lina Demis
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Spencer Kim
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Alena Chernenko
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Miky Timothy
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Mollie A Middleton
- School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joseph A Sisneros
- Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Virginia Merrill Bloedel Hearing Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Paul M Forlano
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, USA.,Psychology Subprogram in Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Biology Subprogram in Ecology, Evolutionary Biology, and Behavior, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Biology Subprogram in Neuroscience, The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA.,Aquatic Research and Environmental Assessment Center, Brooklyn College, Brooklyn, NY, USA
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19
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Baekelandt S, Cornet V, Mandiki SNM, Lambert J, Dubois M, Kestemont P. Ex vivo approach supports both direct and indirect actions of melatonin on immunity in pike-perch Sander lucioperca. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 112:143-150. [PMID: 33741521 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The melatonin hormone, which is a multifunctional molecule in vertebrates, has been shown to exert complex actions on the immune system of mammals. In teleosts, the immunomodulatory capacity of this hormone has seldom been investigated. In the present experiment, we exposed ex vivo spleen and head kidney tissues of pike-perch to melatonin (Mel) and cortisol (Cort). We applied three concentrations of both hormones, alone and in combination, namely (1) Mel (10, 100 or 1000 pg mL-1) (2) Cort (50, 500 or 5000 ng mL-1) (3) Mel + Cort (10 + 50, 100 + 500 or 1000 pg mL-1+5000 ng mL-1). Pure medium without Mel or Cort served as control. After 15 h of incubation, we assessed the expression of a set of immunity-related genes, including genes encoding for pro-inflammatory proteins (il-1β, cxcl8 and tnf-α), acute-phase proteins (fgl2, fth1, hepc, hp and saa1) and key factors of the adaptive immune system (fκbp4 and tcrg). Both Mel and Cort, when used alone or combined at physiological concentrations, significantly influenced immune gene expressions that may lead to a global immune stimulation. Our results support both, an indirect action of the Mel hormone on the immune system through the regulation of intermediates such as Cort, as well as a direct action on immune targets through specific receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Baekelandt
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Belgium.
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Jérôme Lambert
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Mickaël Dubois
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, B-5000, Belgium
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20
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Saha S, Singh KM, Gupta BBP. Robust circadian and circannual rhythms of expression of clock genes and clock controlled aanat2 gene in the photoreceptive pineal organ of catfish, Clarias gariepinus under natural conditions. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1911550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Saha
- Environmental Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Kshetrimayum Manisana Singh
- Environmental Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
| | - Braj B. P. Gupta
- Environmental Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, India
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21
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Zheng X, Zhang K, Zhao Y, Fent K. Environmental chemicals affect circadian rhythms: An underexplored effect influencing health and fitness in animals and humans. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 149:106159. [PMID: 33508534 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms control the life of virtually all organisms. They regulate numerous aspects ranging from cellular processes to reproduction and behavior. Besides the light-dark cycle, there are additional environmental factors that regulate the circadian rhythms in animals as well as humans. Here, we outline the circadian rhythm system and considers zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a representative vertebrate organism. We characterize multiple physiological processes, which are affected by circadian rhythm disrupting compounds (circadian disrupters). We focus on and summarize 40 natural and anthropogenic environmental circadian disrupters in fish. They can be divided into six major categories: steroid hormones, metals, pesticides and biocides, polychlorinated biphenyls, neuroactive drugs and other compounds such as cyanobacterial toxins and bisphenol A. Steroid hormones as well as metals are most studied. Especially for progestins and glucocorticoids, circadian dysregulation was demonstrated in zebrafish on the molecular and physiological level, which comprise mainly behavioral alterations. Our review summarizes the current state of knowledge on circadian disrupters, highlights their risks to fish and identifies knowledge gaps in animals and humans. While most studies focus on transcriptional and behavioral alterations, additional effects and consequences are underexplored. Forthcoming studies should explore, which additional environmental circadian disrupters exist. They should clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms and aim to better understand the consequences for physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehan Zheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yanbin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Karl Fent
- University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, School of Life Sciences, Hofackerstrasse 30, CH-4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; ETH Zürich, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollution Dynamics, Department of Environmental Systems Science, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
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22
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Mondal G, Dharmajyoti Devi S, Khan ZA, Yumnamcha T, Rajiv C, Sanjita Devi H, Chattoraj A. The influence of feeding on the daily rhythm of mRNA expression on melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes and clock associated genes in the zebrafish (Danio rerio) gut. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2021.1905989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gopinath Mondal
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Gauhati University, Guwahati 781014, Assam, India
| | - Sijagurumayum Dharmajyoti Devi
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad Khan
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Thangal Yumnamcha
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Chongtham Rajiv
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Haobijam Sanjita Devi
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Animal Resources Programme, Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Bioresources and Sustainable Development, Government of India, Imphal, India
| | - Asamanja Chattoraj
- Biological Rhythm Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol, India
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23
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Nisembaum LG, Martin P, Lecomte F, Falcón J. Melatonin and osmoregulation in fish: A focus on Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smoltification. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e12955. [PMID: 33769643 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Part of the life cycle of several fish species includes important salinity changes, as is the case for the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) or the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Salmo salar juveniles migrate downstream from their spawning sites to reach seawater, where they grow and become sexually mature. The process of preparation enabling juveniles to migrate downstream and physiologically adapt to seawater is called smoltification. Daily and seasonal variations of photoperiod and temperature play a role in defining the timing of smoltification, which may take weeks to months, depending on the river length and latitude. Smoltification is characterised by a series of biochemical, physiological and behavioural changes within the neuroendocrine axis. This review discusses the current knowledge and gaps related to the neuroendocrine mechanisms that mediate the effects of light and temperature on smoltification. Studies performed in S. salar and other salmonids, as well as in other species undergoing important salinity changes, are reviewed, and a particular emphasis is given to the pineal hormone melatonin and its possible role in osmoregulation. The daily and annual variations of plasma melatonin levels reflect corresponding changes in external photoperiod and temperature, which suggests that the hormonal time-keeper melatonin might contribute to controlling smoltification. Here, we review studies on (i) the impact of pinealectomy and/or melatonin administration on smoltification; (ii) melatonin interactions with hormones involved in osmoregulation (e.g., prolactin, growth hormone and cortisol); (iii) the presence of melatonin receptors in tissues involved in osmoregulation; and (iv) the impacts of salinity changes on melatonin receptors and circulating melatonin levels. Altogether, these studies show evidence indicating that melatonin interacts with the neuroendocrine pathways controlling smoltification, although more information is needed to clearly decipher its mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gabriela Nisembaum
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, (BIOM), Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Patrick Martin
- Conservatoire National du Saumon Sauvage, Chanteuges, France
| | - Frédéric Lecomte
- Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs, Direction de l'expertise sur la faune aquatique, Québec, Canada
| | - Jack Falcón
- Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS 7208, SU, IRD 207, UCN, UA, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
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24
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Yasmin F, Sutradhar S, Das P, Mukherjee S. Gut melatonin: A potent candidate in the diversified journey of melatonin research. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 303:113693. [PMID: 33309697 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2020.113693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
After being discovered from the bovine pineal gland by Aaron Lerner and co-workers in the year 1958, various distinguished researchers have reported melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyl-tryptamine) from several extra-pineal sources, including the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In the year 1974, Raikhlin and Kvetnoy first detected this molecule in the gastrointestinal tissue. Later, within the last 45 years, many renowned investigators found that the GIT is a rich source of melatonin, in addition to the pineal gland. In the carp gut, the estimation of Arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) mRNA/protein levels, which is the rate-determining enzyme for melatonin biosynthesis in the pineal gland, confirmed the endogenous synthesis of melatonin. The remarkable feature of the pineal gland melatonin is its rhythmic synthesis with a peak at dark-phase and lowest at light-phase in synchronization with seasonal environmental light-dark (LD) cycle. Recent studies on carp demonstrated that the melatonin concentrations and the AANAT protein intensities in different gut segments underwent significant daily fluctuations. However, compared to the melatonin rhythm in the pineal gland, the melatonin profiles in gut tissue displayed daily rhythm in parallel with the feeding cycle of the carp, irrespective of LD conditions of the environment. Notably, in carp, the temporal pattern of the gut melatoninergic system found to vary with the environmental non-photic signal(s), such as food entrainment factors (viz. availability of food, timing of food supply, number(s) of feed per day, quality of food) those act as the most dependable synchronizer(s) in daily rhythm characteristics of gut melatonin and AANAT. Thereby in this review, it appears meaningful to highlight the existing data on the mode of synthesis of melatonin in cells of the digestive tract, and most importantly, the regulation of its synthesis. Finally, in comparison with the dynamic actions of melatonin derived from the pineal gland, this review will lead to underline the role of gut-derived melatonin in a variety of physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farha Yasmin
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India
| | - Sona Sutradhar
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India
| | - Poulami Das
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India
| | - Sourav Mukherjee
- Fish Biology and Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling-734013, India.
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25
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Takahashi T, Ogiwara K. Roles of melatonin in the teleost ovary: A review of the current status. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2021; 254:110907. [PMID: 33482340 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2021.110907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Melatonin, the neurohormone mainly synthesized in and secreted from the pineal gland of vertebrates following a circadian rhythm, is an important factor regulating various physiological processes, including reproduction. Recent data indicate that melatonin is also synthesized in the ovary and that it acts directly at the level of the ovary to modulate ovarian physiology. In some teleosts, melatonin is reported to affect ovarian steroidogenesis. The direct action of melatonin on the ovary could be a possible factor promoting oocyte maturation in teleosts. A role for melatonin in follicle rupture during ovulation in the teleost medaka has recently emerged. In addition, melatonin is suggested to affect oocyte maturation by its antioxidant activity. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying these direct effects of melatonin are largely unknown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
| | - Katsueki Ogiwara
- Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
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26
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Irachi S, Hall DJ, Fleming MS, Maugars G, Björnsson BT, Dufour S, Uchida K, McCormick SD. Photoperiodic regulation of pituitary thyroid-stimulating hormone and brain deiodinase in Atlantic salmon. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 519:111056. [PMID: 33069856 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal timing is important for many critical life history events of vertebrates, and photoperiod is often used as a reliable seasonal cue. In mammals and birds, it has been established that a photoperiod-driven seasonal clock resides in the brain and pituitary, and is driven by increased levels of pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and brain type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO2), which leads to local increases in triiodothyronine (T3). In order to determine if a similar mechanism occurs in fish, we conducted photoperiod manipulations in anadromous (migratory) Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) that use photoperiod to time the preparatory development of salinity tolerance which accompanies downstream migration in spring. Changing daylength from short days (light:dark (LD) 10:14) to long days (LD 16:8) for 20 days increased gill Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity, gill NKAα1b abundance and plasma growth hormone (GH) levels that normally accompany increased salinity tolerance of salmon in spring. Long-day exposure resulted in five-fold increases in pituitary tshβb mRNA levels after 10 days and were sustained for at least 20 days. tshβb mRNA levels in the saccus vasculosus were low and not influenced by photoperiod. Increased daylength resulted in significant increases in dio2b mRNA levels in the hypothalamus and midbrain/optic tectum regions of the brain. The results are consistent with the presence of a photoperiod-driven seasonal clock in fish which involves pituitary TSH, brain DIO2 and the subsequent production of T3, supporting the hypothesis that this is a common feature of photoperiodic regulation of seasonality in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Irachi
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, Turners Falls, MA, USA; Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Daniel J Hall
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, Turners Falls, MA, USA
| | - Mitchell S Fleming
- Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France; Department of Biological Sciences (BIO), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gersende Maugars
- Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Björn Thrandur Björnsson
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sylvie Dufour
- Biology of Aquatic Organisms and Ecosystems (BOREA), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, IRD, Sorbonne Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Université des Antilles, Paris, France
| | - Katsuhisa Uchida
- Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-kibanadai Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192, Japan
| | - Stephen D McCormick
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, Turners Falls, MA, USA; Department of Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
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27
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Félix F, Oliveira CCV, Cabrita E. Antioxidants in Fish Sperm and the Potential Role of Melatonin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 10:E36. [PMID: 33396234 PMCID: PMC7824569 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the effects of novel antioxidants have played an important role in the research focusing on fish cell protection. As food demand grows, aquaculture production becomes more intensive, and fish are more exposed to oxidative stress conditions, like high densities, temperature shifting, frequent fish handling and samplings, and prophylactic or disease treatments, which expose fish to a different environment. Particularly in reproduction, germ cells lose antioxidant capacity with spermatogenesis, as spermatozoa are more prone to oxidative stress. Antioxidants have been used in a variety of fish physiological problems including in reproduction and in the establishment of cryopreservation protocols. From the most used antioxidants to natural plant food and herbs, and endogenously produced antioxidants, like melatonin, a review of the literature available in terms of their effects on the protection of fish spermatozoa is presented here in a classified structure. Several direct and indirect approaches to improve gamete quality using antioxidants administration are mentioned (through feed supplementation or by adding in cryopreservation media), as well as factors affecting the efficiency of these molecules and their mechanisms of action. Special attention is given to the unclear melatonin pathway and its potential scavenger activity to prevent and counteract oxidative stress damage on fish spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Catarina C. V. Oliveira
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
| | - Elsa Cabrita
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), University of Algarve, Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal;
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28
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Mhalhel K, Germanà A, Abbate F, Guerrera MC, Levanti M, Laurà R, Montalbano G. The Effect of Orally Supplemented Melatonin on Larval Performance and Skeletal Deformities in Farmed Gilthead Seabream ( Sparus aurata). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249597. [PMID: 33339403 PMCID: PMC7766509 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gilthead seabream larval rearing in continuous light is common in most Mediterranean hatcheries to stimulate larval length growth and increase food consumption. Several studies have shown that continuous light affects larval development and increases the prevalence of skeletal deformities. Melatonin is a crucial pineal neurohormone that displays daily secretion patterns, stimulates cell proliferation and embryonic development in Atlantic salmon and zebrafish, and improves osseointegration in mice and humans. However, no studies have examined the effects of orally supplemented melatonin on skeletal deformities in Sparus aurata larvae. We administered exogenous melatonin to gilthead seabream larvae via enriched rotifers and nauplii of Artemia. Exogenous melatonin induced bone deformities and stimulated parathyroid hormone-related protein-coding gene (PTHrP) mRNA expression. In addition to the melatonin-induced PTHrP high expression level, the recorded non coordinated function of skeletal muscle and bone during growth can be the fountainhead of bone deformities. Both myosin light chain 2 (mlc2) and bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein-coding gene (bglap) expression levels were significantly affected by melatonin administration in an inverse dose–response manner during the exogenous melatonin administration. This is the first study to report the effect of inducing melatonin bone deformities on Sparus aurata larvae reared under ordinary hatchery conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamel Mhalhel
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (G.M.); Tel.: +39-379-104-7406 (K.M.); +39-090-676-6822 (G.M.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Giuseppe Montalbano
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (G.M.); Tel.: +39-379-104-7406 (K.M.); +39-090-676-6822 (G.M.)
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29
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Falcón J, Torriglia A, Attia D, Viénot F, Gronfier C, Behar-Cohen F, Martinsons C, Hicks D. Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Consequences for Flora, Fauna, and Ecosystems. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:602796. [PMID: 33304237 PMCID: PMC7701298 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.602796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The present review draws together wide-ranging studies performed over the last decades that catalogue the effects of artificial-light-at-night (ALAN) upon living species and their environment. We provide an overview of the tremendous variety of light-detection strategies which have evolved in living organisms - unicellular, plants and animals, covering chloroplasts (plants), and the plethora of ocular and extra-ocular organs (animals). We describe the visual pigments which permit photo-detection, paying attention to their spectral characteristics, which extend from the ultraviolet into infrared. We discuss how organisms use light information in a way crucial for their development, growth and survival: phototropism, phototaxis, photoperiodism, and synchronization of circadian clocks. These aspects are treated in depth, as their perturbation underlies much of the disruptive effects of ALAN. The review goes into detail on circadian networks in living organisms, since these fundamental features are of critical importance in regulating the interface between environment and body. Especially, hormonal synthesis and secretion are often under circadian and circannual control, hence perturbation of the clock will lead to hormonal imbalance. The review addresses how the ubiquitous introduction of light-emitting diode technology may exacerbate, or in some cases reduce, the generalized ever-increasing light pollution. Numerous examples are given of how widespread exposure to ALAN is perturbing many aspects of plant and animal behaviour and survival: foraging, orientation, migration, seasonal reproduction, colonization and more. We examine the potential problems at the level of individual species and populations and extend the debate to the consequences for ecosystems. We stress, through a few examples, the synergistic harmful effects resulting from the impacts of ALAN combined with other anthropogenic pressures, which often impact the neuroendocrine loops in vertebrates. The article concludes by debating how these anthropogenic changes could be mitigated by more reasonable use of available technology - for example by restricting illumination to more essential areas and hours, directing lighting to avoid wasteful radiation and selecting spectral emissions, to reduce impact on circadian clocks. We end by discussing how society should take into account the potentially major consequences that ALAN has on the natural world and the repercussions for ongoing human health and welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Falcón
- Laboratoire Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA), MNHN, CNRS FRE 2030, SU, IRD 207, UCN, UA, Paris, France
| | - Alicia Torriglia
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U 1138, Ophtalmopole Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris - SU, Paris, France
| | - Dina Attia
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | | | - Claude Gronfier
- Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Waking Team, Inserm UMRS 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Francine Behar-Cohen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U 1138, Ophtalmopole Hôpital Cochin, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Université de Paris - SU, Paris, France
| | | | - David Hicks
- Inserm, CNRS, Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
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30
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Nisembaum LG, Martin P, Fuentes M, Besseau L, Magnanou E, McCormick SD, Falcón J. Effects of a temperature rise on melatonin and thyroid hormones during smoltification of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. J Comp Physiol B 2020; 190:731-748. [PMID: 32880666 DOI: 10.1007/s00360-020-01304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Smoltification prepares juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) for downstream migration. Dramatic changes characterize this crucial event in the salmon's life cycle, including increased gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity (NKA) and plasma hormone levels. The triggering of smoltification relies on photoperiod and is modulated by temperature. Both provide reliable information, to which fish have adapted for thousands of years, that allows deciphering daily and calendar time. Here we studied the impact of different photoperiod (natural, sustained winter solstice) and temperature (natural, ~ + 4° C) combinations, on gill NKA, plasma free triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4), and melatonin (MEL; the time-keeping hormone), throughout smoltification. We also studied the impact of temperature history on pineal gland MEL production in vitro. The spring increase in gill NKA was less pronounced in smolts kept under sustained winter photoperiod and/or elevated temperature. Plasma thyroid hormone levels displayed day-night variations, which were affected by elevated temperature, either independently from photoperiod (decrease in T3 levels) or under natural photoperiod exclusively (increase in T4 nocturnal levels). Nocturnal MEL secretion was potentiated by the elevated temperature, which also altered the MEL profile under sustained winter photoperiod. Temperature also affected pineal MEL production in vitro, a response that depended on previous environmental acclimation of the organ. The results support the view that the salmon pineal is a photoperiod and temperature sensor, highlight the complexity of the interaction of these environmental factors on the endocrine system of S. salar, and indicate that climate change might compromise salmon's time "deciphering" during smoltification, downstream migration and seawater residence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Gabriela Nisembaum
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Patrick Martin
- Conservatoire National du Saumon Sauvage, 43300, Chanteuges, France
| | - Michael Fuentes
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Laurence Besseau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Elodie Magnanou
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Stephen D McCormick
- S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Turners Falls, MA, USA
| | - Jack Falcón
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, BIOM, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France.,Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques (BOREA) MNHN, CNRS 7208, UPMC, IRD 207, UCN, UA, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris Cedex, France
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31
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Giacomini AC, Teixeira KH, Marcon L, Scolari N, Bueno BW, Genario R, de Abreu NS, Demin KA, Galstyan DS, Kalueff AV, de Abreu MS. Melatonin treatment reverses cognitive and endocrine deficits evoked by a 24-h light exposure in adult zebrafish. Neurosci Lett 2020; 733:135073. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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32
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Kelly ML, Spreitzenbarth S, Kerr CC, Hemmi JM, Lesku JA, Radford CA, Collin SP. Behavioural sleep in two species of buccal pumping sharks (Heterodontus portusjacksoni and Cephaloscyllium isabellum). J Sleep Res 2020; 30:e13139. [PMID: 32672393 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is known to occur in most, if not all, animals studied thus far. Recent studies demonstrate the presence of sleep in flatworms and jellyfish, suggesting that this behaviour evolved early in the evolution of animals. Sharks are the earliest known extant, jawed vertebrates and may play an important role in understanding the evolutionary history of sleep in vertebrates, and yet, it is unknown whether they sleep. The Port Jackson (Heterodontus portusjacksoni) and draughtsboard (Cephaloscyllium isabellum) sharks are both benthic, buccal pumping species and remain motionless for extended periods of time. Whether these periods of prolonged inactivity represent sleep or quiet wakefulness is unknown. A key criterion for separating sleep from other quiescent states is an increased arousal threshold. We show here that inactive sharks of both species require significantly higher levels of electric stimulation before they show a visible response. Sharks deprived of rest, however, show no significant compensatory increase in restfulness during their normal active period following enforced swimming. Nonetheless, increased arousal thresholds in inactive animals suggest that these two species of shark sleep - the first such demonstration for members of this group of vertebrates. Further research, including electrophysiological studies, on these and other sharks, is required for a comprehensive understanding of sleep in cartilaginous fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael L Kelly
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Oceans Graduate School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Stefan Spreitzenbarth
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Caroline C Kerr
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jan M Hemmi
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - John A Lesku
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Craig A Radford
- Leigh Marine Laboratory, Institute of Marine Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Shaun P Collin
- Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,Oceans Graduate School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
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33
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Le Roy A, Seebacher F. Mismatched light and temperature cues disrupt locomotion and energetics via thyroid-dependent mechanisms. CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 8:coaa051. [PMID: 32547766 PMCID: PMC7287392 DOI: 10.1093/conphys/coaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Animals integrate information from different environmental cues to maintain performance across environmental gradients. Increasing average temperature and variability induced by climate change can lead to mismatches between seasonal cues. We used mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) to test the hypotheses that mismatches between seasonal temperature and light regimes (short days and warm temperature and vice versa) decrease swimming performance, metabolic rates and mitochondrial efficiency and that the responses to light and temperature are mediated by thyroid hormone. We show that day length influenced thermal acclimation of swimming performance through thyroid-dependent mechanisms. Oxygen consumption rates were influenced by acclimation temperature and thyroid hormone. Mitochondrial substrate oxidation rates (state three rates) were modified by the interaction between temperature and day length, and mitochondrial efficiency (P/O ratios) increased with warm acclimation. Using P/O ratios to calibrate metabolic (oxygen consumption) scope showed that oxygen consumption did not predict adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. Unlike oxygen consumption, ATP production was influenced by day length in a thyroid-dependent manner. Our data indicate that oxygen consumption alone should not be used as a predictor of ATP production. Overall, the effects of thyroid hormone on locomotion and energetics were reversed by mismatches such as warm temperatures on short days. We predict that mid to high latitudes in North America and Asia will be particularly affected by mismatches as a result of high seasonality and predicted warming over the next 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Le Roy
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences A08, University of Sydney, NSW 2006
| | - Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences A08, University of Sydney, NSW 2006
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34
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Kim BH, Hur SP, Hyeon JY, Yamashina F, Takemura A, Lee YD. Annual patterns of ocular melatonin level in the female grass puffer, Takifugu alboplumbeus: possible involvement in seasonal reproductive response. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:787-801. [PMID: 32128660 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-019-00749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the expression patterns of ocular melatonin in the annual reproductive cycle of the female grass puffer. Spawning season of the female grass puffer is from June to July in Jeju, South Korea. Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay revealed that levels of ocular melatonin, which show an annual change, peaked in May (spawning season). Additionally, expression of reproductive-related genes also showed annual patterns: GnRH1 peaked in August, GnRH2 peaked in February, GnRH3, Kiss2, and LPXRFa peaked in November. These results suggest that ocular melatonin may be related to the annual reproductive cycle in the grass puffer. To better understand the photic regulation of AANAT1a mRNA in the retina, we observed the nocturnal pattern of ocular melatonin levels daily, which shows a nocturnal pattern in both short photoperiod (SD) and long photoperiod (LD) conditions. In the brain, AANAT2 mRNA also shows a nocturnal pattern in both SD and LD; however, the time of peak expression of AANAT2 mRNA was unchanged in both conditions. Following intraperitoneal injection of melatonin for 2 weeks, expression of GnRH2 and LPXRFa mRNA in the brain significantly increased, while that of Kiss2 mRNA was decreased, suggesting that melatonin has a reproduction-related effect. Furthermore, under SD and LD conditions for 14 weeks, the gonadosomatic index more increased and the maturity of the ovary progressed under LD compared with those under SD, suggesting that the SD photoperiodic signal inactivated ovarian development. These results indicate that the ocular melatonin may have a possible role in the reproductive endocrinology of the grass puffer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Hoon Kim
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 695-965, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iijudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji-Yeon Hyeon
- Jeju Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 2670, Iijudong-ro, Gujwa-eup, Jeju, 63349, Republic of Korea
| | - Fumika Yamashina
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0213, Japan
| | - Young-Don Lee
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, 695-965, Republic of Korea
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35
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36
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Byun JH, Hyeon JY, Kim ES, Kim BH, Miyanishi H, Kagawa H, Takeuchi Y, Kim SJ, Takemura A, Hur SP. Gene expression patterns of novel visual and non-visual opsin families in immature and mature Japanese eel males. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8326. [PMID: 32149019 PMCID: PMC7049458 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to identify and estimate physiological function of a new type of opsin subfamily present in the retina and whole brain tissues of Japanese eel using RNA–Seq transcriptome method. A total of 18 opsin subfamilies were identified through RNA–seq. The visual opsin family included Rh2, SWS2, FWO, DSO, and Exo-Rhod. The non-visual opsin family included four types of melanopsin subfamily (Opn4x1, Opn4x2, Opn4m1, and Opn4m2), peropsin, two types of neuropsin subfamily (Opn5-like, Opn5), Opn3, three types of TMT opsin subfamily (TMT1, 2, 3), VA-opsin, and parapinopsin. In terms of changes in photoreceptor gene expression in the retina of sexually mature and immature male eels, DSO mRNA increased in the maturation group. Analysis of expression of opsin family gene in male eel brain before and after maturation revealed that DSO and SWS2 expression in terms of visual opsin mRNA increased in the sexually mature group. In terms of non-visual opsin mRNA, parapinopsin mRNA increased whereas that of TMT2 decreased in the fore-brain of the sexually mature group. The mRNA for parapinopsin increased in the mid-brain of the sexually mature group, whereas those of TMT1 and TMT3 increased in the hind-brain of the sexually mature group. DSO mRNA also increased in the retina after sexual maturation, and DSO and SWS2 mRNA increased in whole brain part, suggesting that DSO and SWS2 are closely related to sexual maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hwan Byun
- Graduate School of Engineering and Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Ji-Yeon Hyeon
- Jeju Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Su Kim
- Jeju Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Hoon Kim
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hiroshi Miyanishi
- Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Kagawa
- Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Se-Jae Kim
- Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea
| | - Akihiro Takemura
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Sung-Pyo Hur
- Jeju Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biology, Jeju National University, Jeju, Jeju, Republic of Korea
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37
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Baekelandt S, Milla S, Cornet V, Flamion E, Ledoré Y, Redivo B, Antipine S, Mandiki SNM, Houndji A, El Kertaoui N, Kestemont P. Seasonal simulated photoperiods influence melatonin release and immune markers of pike perch Sander lucioperca. Sci Rep 2020; 10:2650. [PMID: 32060347 PMCID: PMC7021833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59568-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin is considered as the time-keeping hormone acting on important physiological functions of teleosts. While the influence of melatonin on reproduction and development is well described, its potential role on immune functions has little been considered. In order to better define an immune modulation by the melatonin hormone, we hypothesized that natural variations of photoperiod and subsequent changes in melatonin release profile may act on immune status of pikeperch. Therefore, we investigated during 70 days the effects of two photoperiod regimes simulating the fall and spring in western Europe, on pikeperch physiological and immune responses. Samples were collected at 04:00 and 15:00 at days 1, 37 and 70. Growth, plasma melatonin levels, innate immune markers and expression of immune-relevant genes in head kidney tissue were assessed. While growth and stress level were not affected by the seasonal simulated photoperiods, nocturnal levels of plasma melatonin were photoperiod-dependent. Innate immune markers, including lysozyme, complement, peroxidase and phagocytic activities, were stimulated by the fall-simulated photoperiod and a significant correlation was made with plasma melatonin. In addition to bring the first evidence of changes in fish immunocompetence related to photoperiod, our results provide an additional indication supporting the immunomodulatory action of melatonin in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Baekelandt
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium.
| | - Sylvain Milla
- Animal and Functionality of Animal Products Research Unit (URAFPA), University of Lorraine, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, BP 236, 54506, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Enora Flamion
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Yannick Ledoré
- Animal and Functionality of Animal Products Research Unit (URAFPA), University of Lorraine, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, BP 236, 54506, Vandoeuvre-Les-Nancy, France
| | - Baptiste Redivo
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Sascha Antipine
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Syaghalirwa N M Mandiki
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Alexis Houndji
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Najlae El Kertaoui
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
| | - Patrick Kestemont
- Research Unit in Environmental and Evolutionary Biology (URBE), Institute of Life, Earth & Environment, University of Namur, Rue de Bruxelles 61, Namur, B-5000, Belgium
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38
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Lv Y, Li Y, Li J, Bian C, Qin C, Shi Q. A Comparative Genomics Study on the Molecular Evolution of Serotonin/Melatonin Biosynthesizing Enzymes in Vertebrates. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:11. [PMID: 32118037 PMCID: PMC7010912 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin is important in vertebrates for its crucial roles in regulation of various physiological functions. Investigations on how the biosynthesizing enzymes mediate serotonin production and conversion during biological processes have been active in the past decades. However, a clear-cut picture of these enzymes in molecular evolution is very limited, particularly when the complexity is imaginable in fishes since teleosts had experienced additional whole genome duplication (WGD) event(s) than tetrapods. Since serotonin is the main intermediate product during melatonin biosynthesis from tryptophan, we therefore summarize an overview of recent discoveries about molecular evolution of the four melatonin biosynthesizing enzymes, especially the L-aromatic amino acid decarboxylase (AAAD) for serotonin production and aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) for serotonin conversion in vertebrates. Novel copies of these genes, possibly due to WGD, were discovered in fishes. Detailed sequence comparisons revealed various variant sites in these newly identified genes, suggesting functional changes from the conventional recognition of these enzymes. These interesting advances will benefit readers to obtain new insights into related genomic differences between mammals and fishes, with an emphasis on the potential specificity for AANAT in naturally cave-restricted and deep-sea fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Lv
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Li
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao Bian
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuanjie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Qiong Shi
- Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen, China
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39
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Fontaine R, Ciani E, Haug TM, Hodne K, Ager-Wick E, Baker DM, Weltzien FA. Gonadotrope plasticity at cellular, population and structural levels: A comparison between fishes and mammals. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 287:113344. [PMID: 31794734 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Often referred to as "the master gland", the pituitary is a key organ controlling growth, maturation, and homeostasis in vertebrates. The anterior pituitary, which contains several hormone-producing cell types, is highly plastic and thereby able to adjust the production of the hormones governing these key physiological processes according to the changing needs over the life of the animal. Hypothalamic neuroendocrine control and feedback from peripheral tissues modulate pituitary cell activity, adjusting levels of hormone production and release according to different functional or environmental requirements. However, in some physiological processes (e.g. growth, puberty, or metamorphosis), changes in cell activity may be not sufficient to meet the needs and a general reorganization of cell composition and pituitary structure may occur. Focusing on gonadotropes, this review examines plasticity at the cellular level, which allows precise and rapid control of hormone production and secretion, as well as plasticity at the population and structural levels, which allows more substantial changes in hormone production. Further, we compare current knowledge of the anterior pituitary plasticity in fishes and mammals in order to assess what has been conserved or not throughout evolution, and highlight important remaining questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Fontaine
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Elia Ciani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Trude Marie Haug
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kjetil Hodne
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eirill Ager-Wick
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dianne M Baker
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Mary Washington, VA22401 Fredericksburg, VA, USA
| | - Finn-Arne Weltzien
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, 0454 Oslo, Norway.
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40
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Ciani E, Fontaine R, Maugars G, Nourizadeh-Lillabadi R, Andersson E, Bogerd J, von Krogh K, Weltzien FA. Gnrh receptor gnrhr2bbα is expressed exclusively in lhb-expressing cells in Atlantic salmon male parr. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2020; 285:113293. [PMID: 31580881 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.113293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (Gnrh) plays a major role in the regulation of physiological and behavioural processes related to reproduction. In the pituitary, it stimulates gonadotropin synthesis and release via activation of Gnrh receptors (Gnrhr), belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. Evidence suggests that differential regulation of the two gonadotropins (Fsh and Lh) is achieved through activation of distinct intracellular pathways and, probably, through the action of distinct receptors. However, the roles of the different Gnrhr isoforms in teleosts are still not well understood. This study investigates the gene expression of Gnrhr in the pituitary gland of precociously maturing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) male parr. A total of six Gnrhr paralogs were identified in the Atlantic salmon genome and named according to phylogenetic relationship; gnrhr1caα, gnrhr1caβ, gnrhr1cbα, gnrhr1cbβ, gnrhr2bbα, gnrhr2bbβ. All paralogs, except gnrhr1caα, were expressed in male parr pituitary during gonadal maturation as evidenced by qPCR analysis. Only one gene, gnrhr2bbα, was differentially expressed depending on maturational stage (yearly cycle), with high expression levels in maturing fish, increasing in parallel with gonadotropin subunit gene expression. Additionally, a correlation in daily expression levels was detected between gnrhr2bbα and lhb (daily cycle) in immature fish in mid-April. Double fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that gnrhr2bbα was expressed exclusively in lhb gonadotropes in the pituitary, with no expression detected in fshb cells. These results suggest the involvement of receptor paralog gnrhr2bbα in the regulation of lhb cells, and not fshb cells, in sexually maturing Atlantic salmon male parr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Ciani
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Romain Fontaine
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gersende Maugars
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rasoul Nourizadeh-Lillabadi
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Jan Bogerd
- Utrecht University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Reproductive Biology Group, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kristine von Krogh
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Finn-Arne Weltzien
- Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Basic Science and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway.
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41
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Kelly M, Collin S, Hemmi J, Lesku J. Evidence for Sleep in Sharks and Rays: Behavioural, Physiological, and Evolutionary Considerations. BRAIN, BEHAVIOR AND EVOLUTION 2019; 94:37-50. [DOI: 10.1159/000504123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Sleep is widespread across the animal kingdom. However, most comparative sleep data exist for terrestrial vertebrates, with much less known about sleep in amphibians, bony fishes, and invertebrates. There is an absence of knowledge on sleep in cartilaginous fishes. Sharks and rays are amongst the earliest vertebrates, and may hold clues to the evolutionary history of sleep and sleep states found in more derived animals, such as mammals and birds. Here, we review the literature concerning activity patterns, sleep behaviour, and electrophysiological evidence for sleep in cartilaginous (and bony) fishes following an exhaustive literature search that found more than 80 relevant studies in laboratory and field environments. Evidence for sleep in sharks and rays that respire without swimming is preliminary; evidence for sleep in continuously swimming fishes is currently absent. We discuss ways in which the latter group might sleep concurrent with sustained movement, and conclude with suggestions for future studies in order to provide more comprehensive data on when, how, and why sharks and rays sleep.
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Ciani E, Fontaine R, Maugars G, Mizrahi N, Mayer I, Levavi-Sivan B, Weltzien FA. Melatonin receptors in Atlantic salmon stimulate cAMP levels in heterologous cell lines and show season-dependent daily variations in pituitary expression levels. J Pineal Res 2019; 67:e12590. [PMID: 31169933 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The hormone melatonin connects environmental cues, such as photoperiod and temperature, with a number of physiological and behavioural processes, including seasonal reproduction, through binding to their cognate receptors. This study reports the structural, functional and physiological characterization of five high-affinity melatonin receptors (Mtnr1aaα, Mtnr1aaβ, Mtnr1ab, Mtnr1al, Mtnr1b) in Atlantic salmon. Phylogenetic analysis clustered salmon melatonin receptors into three monophyletic groups, Mtnr1A, Mtnr1Al and Mtnr1B, but no functional representative of the Mtnr1C group. Contrary to previous studies in vertebrates, pharmacological characterization of four receptors in COS-7, CHO and SH-SY5Y cell lines (Mtnr1Aaα, Mtnr1Aaβ, Mtnr1Ab, Mtnr1B) showed induction of intracellular cAMP levels following 2-iodomelatonin or melatonin exposure. No consistent response was measured after N-acetyl-serotonin or serotonin exposure. Melatonin receptor genes were expressed at all levels of the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonad axis, with three genes (mtnr1aaβ, mtnr1ab and mtnr1b) detected in the pituitary. Pituitary receptors displayed daily fluctuations in mRNA levels during spring, prior to the onset of gonadal maturation, but not in autumn, strongly implying a direct involvement of melatonin in seasonal processes regulated by the pituitary. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of cAMP induction mediated via melatonin receptors in a teleost species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Ciani
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Romain Fontaine
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gersende Maugars
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Naama Mizrahi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ian Mayer
- Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Berta Levavi-Sivan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Finn-Arne Weltzien
- Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
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London S, Volkoff H. Effects of fasting on the central expression of appetite-regulating and reproductive hormones in wild-type and Casper zebrafish (Danio rerio). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 282:113207. [PMID: 31202720 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Appetite and reproduction are closely related functions that are both regulated by brain hormones. Appetite stimulators include orexin and neuropeptide Y (NPY), and reproductive hormones include gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH), kisspeptin, and neurokinin B (NKB). GnRH stimulates the secretion of pituitary gonadotropes, and kisspeptin and GnIH modulate this action. Kisspeptin secretion is further controlled by neurokinin B (NKB) and dynorphin A (Dyn). To better understand the mechanisms regulating appetite and reproduction in fish, we examined the effects of fasting, reproductive stage, gender, and strain on the brain mRNA expression of appetite (orexin and NPY) and reproductive (GnRH, kisspeptin, GnIH, and NKB) hormones in zebrafish. In order to compare strains, we used both wild-type and transparent Casper zebrafish. In female wild-type zebrafish, fasting increased the expression of all hormones investigated, with the exception of Kiss2. Only NPY and Kiss2 were increased in male wild-type zebrafish during fasting. In Casper zebrafish, only GnIH and NKB in males were affected by fasting, suggesting that Casper fish may be more resistant to fasting than wild fish. Fasting increased expressions of orexin, GnRH2, Kiss1, GnIH and NKB in wild-type females with more eggs or larger eggs relative to body weight, compared to those with fewer or smaller eggs, suggesting that more mature females are more affected by fasting. No significant interactions of fasting and reproductive stage were noted in female Casper fish. To investigate whether differences between Casper and wild-type fish were due to genes involved in pigmentation, we compared the brain mRNA expressions of enzymes involved in melanin synthesis (tyrosinase and tyrosine hydroxylase - TH), melanocortin receptors (MC3R and MC4R), and the melanocortin precursor (proopiomelanocortin - POMC) between the two strains. Casper zebrafish had lower levels of MC3R, tyrosinase, TH1, TH2, and POMC than wild-type fish. Overall, our results suggest the existence of gender- and reproductive stage-specific, as well as strain-specific variations in the mechanisms regulating feeding and reproduction in zebrafish, and that the melanocortin system and melanin pathways may be in part responsible for these differences between strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney London
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada
| | - Hélène Volkoff
- Departments of Biology and Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 3X9, Canada.
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Tang YQ, Li ZR, Zhang SZ, Mi P, Chen DY, Feng XZ. Venlafaxine plus melatonin ameliorate reserpine-induced depression-like behavior in zebrafish. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2019; 76:106835. [PMID: 31518687 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2019.106835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Venlafaxine (VEN) is one of the first clinical drugs for the treatment of depression. Long-term use may cause a potentially life-threatening serotonin syndrome. Melatonin (MT) could ameliorate depression behavior. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects of venlafaxine in combination with melatonin on zebrafish. Reserpine was used to induce depression-like behavioral zebrafish. To explore the effects of combined use of venlafaxine and melatonin on depression-like zebrafish induced by reserpine. We tested the depressive behavior of adult zebrafish through a novel tank test, and evaluated the levels of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and noradrenaline (NA) in zebrafish brain using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), besides that the gene expression of serotonin transporters a (serta), dopamine transporters (dat) and norepinephrine transporters (net), vesicular monoamine transporter2 (vmat2) and monoamine oxidase (mao) were evaluated by qRT-PCR. The results showed that, compared with reserpine-only group, venlafaxine (VEN, 0.025 mg/L) and melatonin (MT, 1 μM) increased the parameters of exploration in the top of the tank and decreased freezing behavior significantly. Compared with reserpine-only group, the use of VEN combined with MT increased serotonin and norepinephrine levels significantly, while there was no obvious difference in dopamine content. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the use of VEN combined with MT significantly reduced the expression of serta and promoted the expression of vmat2, but had no significant effect on the expression of net, dat and mao. The results indicated that venlafaxine combined with melatonin showed more effective role to remedy the depressive symptoms in zebrafish, providing a reference for the clinical application of antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Qiu Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Zhuo-Ran Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Shao-Zhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Ping Mi
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
| | - Dong-Yan Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Neurovascular Regulation, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Xi-Zeng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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Saha S, Singh KM, Gupta BBP. Melatonin synthesis and clock gene regulation in the pineal organ of teleost fish compared to mammals: Similarities and differences. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 279:27-34. [PMID: 30026020 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The pineal organ of all vertebrates synthesizes and secretes melatonin in a rhythmic manner due to the circadian rhythm in the activity of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) - the rate-limiting enzyme in melatonin synthesis pathway. Nighttime increase in AANAT activity and melatonin synthesis depends on increased expression of aanat gene (a clock-controlled gene) and/or post-translation modification of AANAT protein. In mammalian and avian species, only one aanat gene is expressed. However, three aanat genes (aanat1a, aanat1b, and aanat2) are reported in fish species. While aanat1a and aanat1b genes are expressed in the fish retina, the nervous system and other peripheral tissues, aanat2 gene is expressed exclusively in the fish pineal organ. Clock genes form molecular components of the clockwork, which regulates clock-controlled genes like aanat gene. All core clock genes (i.e., clock, bmal1, per1, per2, per3, cry1 and cry2) and aanat2 gene (a clock-controlled gene) are expressed in the pineal organ of several fish species. There is a large body of information on regulation of clock genes, aanat gene and melatonin synthesis in the mammalian pineal gland. However, the information available on clock genes, aanat genes and melatonin synthesis in photoreceptive pineal organ of teleosts is fragmentary and not well documented. Therefore, we have reviewed published information on rhythmic expression of clock genes, aanat genes as well as synthesis of melatonin, and their regulation by photoperiod and temperature in teleostean pineal organ as compared to mammalian pineal gland. A critical analysis of the literature suggests that in contrast to the mammalian pineal gland, the pineal organ of teleosts (except salmonids) possesses a well developed indigenous clock composed of clock genes for regulation of rhythmic expression of aanat2 gene and melatonin synthesis. Further, the fish pineal organ also possesses essential molecular components for responding to light and temperature directly. The fish pineal organ seems to act as a potential master biological clock in most of the teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Saha
- Environmental Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Kshetrimayum Manisana Singh
- Environmental Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India
| | - Braj Bansh Prasad Gupta
- Environmental Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong 793022, India.
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Sakai K, Yamamoto Y, Ikeuchi T. Vertebrates originally possess four functional subtypes of G protein-coupled melatonin receptor. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9465. [PMID: 31263128 PMCID: PMC6602942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin receptors (MTNRs) belonging to the G protein-coupled receptor family are considered to consist of three subtypes in vertebrates: MTNR1a, MTNR1b and MTNR1c. Additionally, MTNR1a-like genes have been identified in teleostean species as a fish-specific subtype of MTNR1a. However, similar molecules to this MTNR1a-like gene can be found in some reptiles upon searching the DNA database. We hypothesized that a vertebrate can essentially have four functional subtypes of MTNR as ohnologs. Thus, in the present study we examined the molecular phylogeny, expression patterns and pharmacological profile(s) using the teleost medaka (Oryzias latipes). The four conserved subtypes of MTNR (MTNR1a, MTNR1b, MTNR1c and MTNR1a-like) in vertebrates were classified based on synteny and phylogenetic analysis. The fourth MTNR, termed MTNR1a-like, could be classified as MTNR1d. It was observed by using RT-qPCR that expression patterns differed amongst these subtypes. Moreover, mtnr1a, mtnr1c and mtnr1a-like/mtnr1d expression was elevated during short days compared to long days in diencephalons. All the subtypes were activated by melatonin and transduced signals into the Gi pathway, to perform a cAMP-responsive reporter gene assay. It was shown that MTNR originally consisted of four subtypes: MTNR1a, MTNR1b, MTNR1c and MTNR1d. These subtypes were functional, at least in fish, although some organisms, including mammals, have lost one or two subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotowa Sakai
- Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266, Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Yuya Yamamoto
- Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266, Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan
| | - Toshitaka Ikeuchi
- Graduate School of Biosciences, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, 1266, Tamura, Nagahama, Shiga, 526-0829, Japan.
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Wu L, Han M, Song Z, Xu S, Li J, Li X, Wang Y, Yue X, Li X. Effects of different light spectra on embryo development and the performance of newly hatched turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) larvae. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:328-337. [PMID: 31071463 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Light is a key environmental factor that synchronizes various life stages from embryo development to sexual maturation in fish. For turbot, light spectra have the most influence at the larval and juvenile stages. In the current study, differences in the development of embryos and the performance of newly hatched turbot larvae exposed to five different spectra: full spectrum (LDF), blue (LDB, peak at 450 nm), green (LDG, peak at 533 nm), orange (LDO, peak at 595 nm) and red (LDR, peak at 629 nm), were examined. At 62.8 h post fertilization, a higher number of embryos exposed to short-wavelengths (LDG and LDB) had developed a heartbeat in comparison with embryos exposed to other wavelengths. Larvae exposed to the green spectrum had higher malformation rates than larvae exposed to the other spectra, indicating that larvae exposed to green light may have significantly reduced survival rates. The results of non-specific immunity parameters showed that the mRNA expression levels of cathepsin D (CTSD), cathepsin F (CTSF), catalase (CAT) and metallothionein (MT) in larvae exposed to LDB were significantly higher than those exposed to other spectra, but CAT activity in larvae exposed to LDB was significantly lower than larvae exposed to the other spectra. There was no significant difference in MT activity in larvae exposed to the five different spectra. The mRNA expression level of lysozyme (LZM) in larvae exposed to LDR was significantly higher than other spectra, while there was no significant difference in LZM activity observed in larvae exposed to LDR, LDG, LDB and LDF. The difference of the enzyme activity of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) was not significant among larvae exposed to the five spectra. mRNA expression of the heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) was significantly higher in newly hatched larvae exposed to LDB, LDR and LDG, indicating that larvae exposed to LDB, LDG and LDR exhibited a stress response. The mRNA expression level of the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and growth parameters in the newly hatched larvae exposed to the different spectra were not significantly different. The results of the present study indicate that LDO and LDF should be used for embryo incubation and newly hatched larvae when rearing turbot. This study provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the incubation light environment for fertilized turbot eggs, promoting immunity and reducing stress responses in newly hatched larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lele Wu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Mingming Han
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Zongcheng Song
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Weihai, 264200, PR China
| | - Shihong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| | - Xueqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Xinlu Yue
- Weihai Shenghang Aquatic Product Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Weihai, 264200, PR China
| | - Xian Li
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
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Kim BH, Lee CH, Choi SH, Lee YD. Changes in Body Growth and Growth-Related Genes under Different Photoperiods in Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Dev Reprod 2019; 23:149-160. [PMID: 31321355 PMCID: PMC6635610 DOI: 10.12717/dr.2019.23.2.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of different photoperiod conditions on olive
flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus), a commercially important
species in Korea. Daily variations in the expression of mRNA for the
growth-related genes arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase2 (AANAT2),
preprosomatostatin1 (PSS1), and growth hormone (GH) were examined under a 12 h
light:12 h dark photoperiod. All the genes were expressed at higher level during
the dark period. Melatonin injections increased the expression of GH, but did
not significantly affect the expression of PSS. Under short-day conditions (10
h:14 h), the fish gained more weight than under long-day conditions (14 h:10 h).
A long nighttime induced melatonin secretion and increased the expression of GH
mRNA, promoting weight gain in this species. Therefore, we thought that the long
day condition in raising olive flounder may be effective in inducing body
growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeong-Hoon Kim
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
| | - Chi-Hoon Lee
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea.,CR Co., Ltd., Jeju 63333, Korea
| | - Song-Hee Choi
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
| | - Young-Don Lee
- Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea
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Hernández-Pérez J, Naderi F, Chivite M, Soengas JL, Míguez JM, López-Patiño MA. Influence of Stress on Liver Circadian Physiology. A Study in Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, as Fish Model. Front Physiol 2019; 10:611. [PMID: 31164837 PMCID: PMC6536609 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2019.00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates stress negatively affects body homeostasis and triggers a battery of metabolic responses, with liver playing a key role. This organ responds with altered metabolism, leading the animal to cope with the stress situation, which involves carbohydrate and lipid mobilization. However, metabolism among other physiological functions is under circadian control within the liver. Then, metabolic homeostasis at system level involves circadian timing systems within tissues and cells, and collaborate with each other. During chronic stress, cortisol maintains the liver metabolic response by modulating carbohydrate- and lipid-related metabolism. Stress also disrupts the circadian oscillator within the liver in mammals, whereas little information is available in other vertebrates, such as fish. To raise the complexity of this process, other candidates may mediate in such effect of stress. In fact, sirtuin1, a link between cellular sensing of energy status and circadian clocks, participates in the response to stress in mammals, but no information is available in fish. Considering the role played by liver in providing energy for the animal to deal with an adverse situation, and the existence of a circadian oscillator within this tissue, jeopardized liver circadian physiology during stress exposure might be expected. Whether the physiological response to stress is a well conserved process through the phylogeny and the mechanisms involved in such response is a question that remains to be elucidated. Then, we provide information at this respect in mammals and show comparable results in rainbow trout as fish animal model. Similar to that in mammals, stress triggers a series of responses in fish that leads the animal to cope with the adverse situation. Stress influences liver physiology in fish, affecting carbohydrate and lipid metabolism-related parameters, and the circadian oscillator as well. In a similar way than that of mammals different mediators participate in the response of liver circadian physiology to stress in fish. Among them, we confirm for the teleost rainbow trout a role of nuclear receptors (rev-erbβ), cortisol, and sirt1. However, further research is needed to evaluate the independent effect of each one, or the existence of any interaction among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Hernández-Pérez
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Fatemeh Naderi
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Mauro Chivite
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - José L Soengas
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Jesús M Míguez
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marcos A López-Patiño
- Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
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50
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Guellard T, Kalamarz-Kubiak H, Kulczykowska E. Concentrations of melatonin, thyroxine, 17β-estradiol and 11-ketotestosterone in round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in different phases of the reproductive cycle. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 204:10-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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