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Silva VBD, Almeida-Bezerra JW, Pereira RLS, Alcântara BMD, Furlan CM, Coelho JJ, Coutinho HDM, Morais-Braga MFB, Oliveira AFMD. Chemical composition, antibacterial potential, and toxicity of the extracts from the stem bark of Hancornia speciosa Gomes (Apocynaceae). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118631. [PMID: 39067831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hancornia speciosa is a medicinal plant popularly used to treat different medical issues, including infectious diseases. Exploring the therapeutic potentialities of the extracts from medicinal plants combined with conventional antibiotic drugs is a promising horizon, especially considering the rising microbial resistance. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition of the ethereal (EEHS) and methanolic (MEHS) extracts of the stem bark of H. speciosa, and also evaluate their antibacterial and drug-modifying activity, and toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined. The antibacterial and antibiotic-modifying activity was evaluated against strains of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using the serial microdilution method, obtaining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The toxicity assay was carried out using the Drosophila melanogaster model. RESULTS Thirty compounds were identified in the extracts of the stem bark of H. speciosa, with triterpenoids being predominant in both extracts. Additionally, fatty alcohols, carbohydrates, fatty acids, phenolic acids, and phytosterols were identified in both extracts. EEHS and MEHS extracts had considerable phenol contents (346.4 and 340.0 mg GAE/g, respectively). Flavonoids were detected in a lower proportion (7.6 and 6.9 mg QE/g, respectively). H. speciosa extracts did not display intrinsic antibacterial activity against the bacterial strains evaluated, however, they were capable of modifying the activity of gentamicin, erythromycin, and norfloxacin. EEHS increased the efficacy of norfloxacin against E. coli and S. aureus, reducing MIC values by 50%. MEHS potentiated the action of gentamicin against all bacterial strains, especially against E. coli. The extracts did not display toxicity at clinically relevant concentrations against D. melanogaster. CONCLUSION The stem bark of H. speciosa was considered a rich source of bioactive compounds. Our findings evidenced the therapeutic potential of H. speciosa extracts for the development of new pharmaceutical therapeutics against bacteria. Although the extracts did not exhibit intrinsic antibacterial activity, they enhanced the efficacy of commercial antibiotic drugs and were non-toxic at clinically relevant concentrations. Future studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms of action of these extracts, ensuring their safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Bezerra da Silva
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco - UFPE, Rua Professor Moraes Rego, s/n, Recife, Pernambuco, 50.670-901, Brazil.
| | - José Weverton Almeida-Bezerra
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Raimundo Luiz Silva Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Bruno Melo de Alcântara
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Maria Furlan
- Departamento de Botânica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão, 277, São Paulo, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Janerson José Coelho
- Universidade Estadual do Ceará - UECE, Faculdade de Educação, Ciências e Letras dos Inhamuns - CECITEC, Tauá, 63660-000, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Universidade Regional do Cariri - URCA, Rua Cel. Antônio Luiz, 1161, Crato, Ceará, 63.105-000, Brazil
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Peng ZX, Gu HW, Pan Y, Wang Y, Yan J, Long W, Fu H, She Y. Revealing the key antioxidant compounds and potential action mechanisms of Chinese Cabernet Sauvignon red wines by integrating UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics, network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches. Food Chem 2024; 460:140540. [PMID: 39053274 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, red wine drinking has become more popular in China owing to its antioxidant effects. However, the key antioxidant compounds and their action mechanisms of Chinese red wines are still unclear. Herein, the antioxidant activities and chemical compositions of 45 Chinese Cabernet Sauvignon red wine samples were determined using chemical antioxidant assays and an UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics method. The key antioxidant compounds in red wines and potential action mechanisms were revealed by integrating network pharmacology and molecular docking approaches. Results showed that there are 8 key antioxidant compounds in the red wine samples. These compounds are involved in several metabolic pathways in the body, particularly PI3K/AKT. What's more, they bind to the core antioxidant targets through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. Among them, myricetin, laricitrin, 2,3,8-tri-O-methylellagic acid and AKT1 have the highest binding energies. This study could provide the theoretical basis for further investigation of physiological activities and functions of Chinese red wines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xin Peng
- College of Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Hui-Wen Gu
- College of Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China.
| | - Yuan Pan
- College of Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Yan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China
| | - Jun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Engineering of Forest Products, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, China
| | - Wanjun Long
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Haiyan Fu
- The Modernization Engineering Technology Research Center of Ethnic Minority Medicine of Hubei Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yuanbin She
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China.
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Cruz TM, Lima AS, Zhou F, Zhang L, Azevedo L, Marques MB, Granato D. Bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds from Pereskia aculeata and their cellular antioxidant effect. Food Chem 2024; 460:140484. [PMID: 39047477 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata) is a Cactaceae plant with edible leaves and fruits whose extracts are consumed to promote health, albeit bioactive compounds' bioaccessibility was still not assessed. To address this, ora-pro-nobis fruits (FE) and leaf extracts (LE) were subjected to in vitro digestion to better understand how this process impacts the bioactivities of the extracts. The study investigated the composition of the extracts, their cytotoxicity, and their chemical, plasmatic, and cellular antioxidant capacity. The results revealed that total polyphenolics were about 70% bioaccessible in LE and FE, with phenylalanine being the most bioaccessible essential amino acid in leaves (42.7%) and fruits (83.6%). The samples' antioxidant activity (CUPRAC) was reduced by 25%. LE demonstrated antioxidant activity against human plasma oxidation and haemolysis (21.8%), but digestion mitigated these activities. FE diminished haemolysis (47.0%) and presented cytotoxicity (IC50 = 1086 μg/mL) to HUVEC cells, but these properties were lost following digestion. Ultimately, digestion partially degraded the samples' bioactive compounds, diminishing their cellular protection against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M Cruz
- Graduation Program in Chemistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.; Bioactivity & Applications Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | - Amanda S Lima
- Bioactivity & Applications Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.; In vitro and in vivo Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis Lab, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Feng Zhou
- Anhui Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Anhui Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Bioactivity & Applications Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.; In vitro and in vivo Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis Lab, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, 714, 37130-000 Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Mariza B Marques
- Graduation Program in Chemistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, 84030-900, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Bioactivity & Applications Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Natural Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.; Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
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Farag MR, El-Naseery NI, El Behery EI, Nouh DS, El-Mleeh A, Mostafa IMA, Alagawany M, Di Cerbo A, Azzam MM, Mawed SA. The Role of Chlorella vulgaris in Attenuating Infertility Induced by Cadmium Chloride via Suppressing Oxidative Stress and Modulating Spermatogenesis and Steroidogenesis in Male Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4007-4020. [PMID: 38114777 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant known as endocrine disruptor . Cd has been reported to induce perturbations of the testicular functions and the subsequent decline of the male fertility of both animals and humans. Chlorella vulgaris (ChV) a species of green microalga has been reported to have multiple beneficial activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects. Thus, this work was conducted to declare the benefits of Chlorella vulgaris (ChV) (500 mg/kg doses) against cadmium chloride CdCl2 (2 mg/kg doses) toxicity on the main and accessory reproductive organs' weight, structure, and function of male rats. Briefly, 40 adult male rats in 4 groups (n = 10) were used as follows; control, ChV, CdCl2, and CdCl2+ChV. (i) The 1st group was kept as control fed on pellet chow and water ad libitum. (ii) The second group is Chlorella vulgaris (ChV) group fed with C. vulgaris alga for 10 days (500 mg/kg BW). (iii) The third group was administrated CdCl2 (2mg/kg BW) via subcutaneous injection (S/C) daily for 10 days. (iv) The fourth group administered both CdCl2 and ChV with the abovementioned doses daily for successive 10 days. Our observations declared that cadmium exhibited an adverse influence on the testes and prostate gland architecture indicated by seminiferous tubule destruction, testicular edema, degeneration of Leydig cells, and prostate acini damage. All together affect the epididymal semen quality and quantity including sperm viability, motility, and count. Interestingly, ChV could restore the testicular architecture and spermatozoa regeneration accompanied by semen quality improvement and increased reproductive hormones including testosterone. On the other side, ChV suppresses reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation via enhancement the antioxidant-related genes in the testicular tissue including SOD, CAT, GSH, and MDA and maintaining spermatocyte survival via suppression of apoptotic related genes including caspase3 and activating steroidogenic related genes including StAR and HSD17β3 in the cadmium-treated testes. In this study, ChV could enhance male fertility under normal or stressful conditions and ameliorate the adverse effects of hazardous heavy metals that are widely distributed in our environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Nesma I El-Naseery
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Eman I El Behery
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Doaa S Nouh
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Amany El-Mleeh
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkoum, 32511, Egypt
| | - Ismail M A Mostafa
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Mahmoud M Azzam
- Department of Animal Production College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Suzan A Mawed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
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Hadidi M, Liñán-Atero R, Tarahi M, Christodoulou MC, Aghababaei F. The Potential Health Benefits of Gallic Acid: Therapeutic and Food Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:1001. [PMID: 39199245 PMCID: PMC11352096 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13081001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid (GA), a phenolic acid found in fruits and vegetables, has been consumed by humans for centuries. Its extensive health benefits, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, have been well-documented. GA's potent antioxidant capabilities enable it to neutralize free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and protect cells from damage. Additionally, GA exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting inflammatory cytokines and enzymes, making it a potential therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases. It also demonstrates anticancer properties by inhibiting cancer cell growth and promoting apoptosis. Furthermore, GA offers cardiovascular benefits, such as lowering blood pressure, decreasing cholesterol, and enhancing endothelial function, which may aid in the prevention and management of cardiovascular diseases. This review covers the chemical structure, sources, identification and quantification methods, and biological and therapeutic properties of GA, along with its applications in food. As research progresses, the future for GA appears promising, with potential uses in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and nutraceuticals aimed at improving overall health and preventing disease. However, ongoing research and innovation are necessary to fully understand its functional benefits, address current challenges, and establish GA as a mainstay in therapeutic and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Hadidi
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Rafael Liñán-Atero
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Technologies, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain;
| | - Mohammad Tarahi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz 7144165186, Iran;
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Mihaylova R, Gevrenova R, Petrova A, Savov Y, Zheleva-Dimitrova D, Balabanova V, Momekov G, Simeonova R. Mitigating Effects of Tanacetum balsamita L. on Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2086. [PMID: 39124206 PMCID: PMC11314425 DOI: 10.3390/plants13152086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
The metabolic syndrome and its associated co-morbidities have been recognized as predisposing risk factors for the development of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). The present study reports on the beneficial effect of the Tanacetum balsamita methanol-aqueous extract (ETB) at 150 and 300 mg/kg bw on biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress, metabolic syndrome, and liver function in rat animal models with induced MAFLD. ETB was found to be non-toxic with LD50 > 3000 mg/kg and did not affect cell viability of hepatic HEP-G2 cells in a concentration up to 800 μg/mL. The pathology was established by a high-calorie diet and streptozotocin. Acarbose and atorvastatin were used as positive controls. At the higher dose, ETB reduced significantly (p < 0.05) the blood glucose levels by about 20%, decreased lipase activity by 52%, total cholesterol and triglycerides by 50% and 57%, respectively, and restored the amylase activity and leukocytes compared to the MAFLD group. ETB ameliorated oxidative stress biomarkers reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde in a dose-dependent manner. At 300 mg/kg, the beneficial effect of the extract on antioxidant enzymes was evidenced by the elevated catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activity by 70%, 29%, and 44%, accordingly, compared to the MAFLD rats. ETB prevents the histopathological changes related to MAFLD. ETB, rich in 3,5-dicafeoylquinic, chlorogenic, and rosmarinic acids together with the isorhamnetin- and luteolin-glucoside provides a prominent amelioration of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rositsa Mihaylova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; (R.M.); (A.P.); (G.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Reneta Gevrenova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; (D.Z.-D.); (V.B.)
| | - Alexandra Petrova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; (R.M.); (A.P.); (G.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Yonko Savov
- Institute of Emergency Medicine “N. I. Pirogov”, Bul. Totleben 21, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria;
| | - Dimitrina Zheleva-Dimitrova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; (D.Z.-D.); (V.B.)
| | - Vessela Balabanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; (D.Z.-D.); (V.B.)
| | - Georgi Momekov
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; (R.M.); (A.P.); (G.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Rumyana Simeonova
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacotherapy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia 1000, Bulgaria; (R.M.); (A.P.); (G.M.); (R.S.)
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Khodaparast FK, Pirsa S, Toupchi FM, Mohtarami F. Investigating the physicochemical, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of chitosan film containing zero-valent iron nanoparticles and oregano essence. Biopolymers 2024:e23614. [PMID: 38994805 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The problems caused by the pollution of the environment by petroleum polymers in recent years have caused researchers to think of replacing petroleum polymers with biodegradable and natural polymers. The aim of this research was to produce composite film of chitosan (Chit)/zero-valent iron (Fe) nanoparticles/oregano essence (Ess) (Chit/Fe/Ess). Central composite design was used to study physical, morphological, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of films. The results showed that with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence, the thickness of the film increased. The moisture, solubility and water vapor permeability of the film decreased with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence. The results of the mechanical test showed that with the increase of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence, the tensile strength and elongation at break point decreased. Iron nanoparticles and oregano essence increased significantly the antioxidant activity of the film. The results of the antimicrobial activity of the prepared films show that the addition of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence enhanced the antimicrobial activity of the film against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that iron nanoparticles were physically combined with chitosan polymer. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results confirmed the physical presence of iron nanoparticles and oregano essence in the polymer matrix. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the surface of nanocomposite films is more heterogeneous than chitosan. Iron nanoparticles and oregano essence could delay the thermal decomposition of chitosan and increase the thermal stability of chitosan film.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sajad Pirsa
- Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Farzad Mirab Toupchi
- Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Forogh Mohtarami
- Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Hu Y, Qian W, Fan S, Yang Y, Liao H, Zhuang G, Gao S. Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds from Lonicera similis Flowers at Three Harvest Periods: Comparison of Composition, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity. Molecules 2024; 29:3280. [PMID: 39064860 PMCID: PMC11279271 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Lonicera similis Hemsl. (L. similis) is a promising industrial crop with flowers rich in phenolic compounds. In this study, an ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was designed to extract phenolic compounds from L. similis flowers (LSFs). A contrastive analysis on the phenolic compounds' yield and characterization and the antioxidant activity of the extracts at three harvest stages (PGS I, PGS II, and PGS III) are reported. The results indicate that the optimal conditions are a sonication intensity of 205.9 W, ethanol concentration of 46.4%, SLR of 1 g: 31.7 mL, and sonication time of 20.1 min. Under these optimized conditions, the TPC values at PGS I, PGS II, and PGS III were 117.22 ± 0.55, 112.73 ± 1.68, and 107.33 ± 1.39 mg GAE/g, respectively, whereas the extract of PGS I had the highest TFC (68.48 ± 2.01 mg RE/g). The HPLC analysis showed that chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercetin, isoquercitrin, and ferulic acid are the main components in the phenolic compounds from LSFs, and their contents are closely corrected with the harvest periods. LSF extracts exhibited a better antioxidant activity, and the activity at PGS I was significantly higher than those at PGS II and PGS III. The correlation analysis showed that kaempferol and ferulic acid, among the eight phenolic compounds, have a significant positive correlation with the antioxidant activity, while the remaining compounds have a negative correlation. Minor differences in extracts at the three harvest stages were found through SEM and FTIR. These findings may provide useful references for the optimal extraction method of phenolic compounds from LSFs at three different harvest periods, which will help to achieve a higher phytochemical yield at the optimal harvest stage (PGS I).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyi Hu
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.H.); (W.Q.); (S.F.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Wenzhang Qian
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.H.); (W.Q.); (S.F.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Shaojun Fan
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.H.); (W.Q.); (S.F.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.H.); (W.Q.); (S.F.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Hai Liao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 611756, China;
| | | | - Shun Gao
- Department of Forestry, Faculty of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (Y.H.); (W.Q.); (S.F.); (Y.Y.)
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Tlou M, Ndou B, Mabona N, Khwathisi A, Ateba C, Madala N, Serepa-Dlamini MH. Next generation sequencing-aided screening, isolation, molecular identification, and antimicrobial potential for bacterial endophytes from the medicinal plant, Elephantorrhiza elephantina. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1383854. [PMID: 38855763 PMCID: PMC11160484 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1383854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Elephantorrhiza elephantina, a wild plant in southern Africa, is utilized in traditional medicine for various ailments, leading to its endangerment and listing on the Red List of South African Plants. To date, there have been no reports on bacterial endophytes from this plant, their classes of secondary metabolites, and potential medicinal properties. This study presents (i) taxonomic characterization of bacterial endophytes in leaf and root tissues using 16S rRNA, (ii) bacterial isolation, morphological, and phylogenetic characterization, (iii) bacterial growth, metabolite extraction, and LC-MS-based metabolite fingerprinting, and (iv) antimicrobial testing of bacterial crude extracts. Next-generation sequencing yielded 693 and 2,459 DNA read counts for the rhizomes and leaves, respectively, detecting phyla including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Gemmatimonadota, Actinobacteriota, Verrucomicrobiota, Dependentiae, Firmicutes, and Armatimonodata. At the genus level, Novosphingobium, Mesorhizobium, Methylobacterium, and Ralstonia were the most dominant in both leaves and rhizomes. From root tissues, four bacterial isolates were selected, and 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic characterization identified two closely related Pseudomonas sp. (strain BNWU4 and 5), Microbacterium oxydans BNWU2, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia BNWU1. The ethyl acetate:chloroform (1:1 v/v) organic extract from each isolate exhibited antimicrobial activity against all selected bacterial pathogens. Strain BNWU5 displayed the highest activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 62.5 μg/mL to 250 μg/mL against diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enterica, antibiotic-resistant Vibrio cholerae, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Enterococcus durans. LC-MS analysis of the crude extract revealed common antimicrobial metabolites produced by all isolates, including Phenoxomethylpenicilloyl (penicilloyl V), cis-11-Eicosenamide, 3-Hydroxy-3-phenacyloxindole, and 9-Octadecenamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matsobane Tlou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Benedict Ndou
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Nokufa Mabona
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Adivhaho Khwathisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Collins Ateba
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Madala
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou, South Africa
| | - Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
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10
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Zengin G, Leyva-Jiménez FJ, Fernández-Ochoa Á, Bouyahya A, Yildiztugay E, Carretero AS, Mahomoodally MF, Ponniya SKM, Nilofar, Koyuncu I, Yüksekdağ Ö, Cádiz-Gurrea MDLL. UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS metabolite profiles of different extracts from Pelargonium endlicherianum parts and their biological properties based on network pharmacological approaches. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300728. [PMID: 38314893 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to investigate the chemical profiles and biological activities of different extracts (ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, ethanol, and water) of Pelargonium endlicherianum parts (aerial parts and roots). Free radical scavenging, reducing power, phosphomolybdenum, and metal chelating were assayed for antioxidant properties. To detect enzyme inhibitory properties, cholinesterase, amylase, glucosidase, and tyrosinase were chosen as target enzymes. The ethanol extract of the aerial parts contained higher amounts of total bioactive compounds (120.53 mg GAE/g-24.46 mg RE/g). The ethanol and water extracts of these parts were tentatively characterized by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS and 95 compounds were annotated. In addition, the highest acetylcholiesterase (3.74 mg GALAE/g) and butyrylcholinesterase (3.92 mg GALAE/g) abilities were observed by the ethanol extract of roots. The water extract from aerial parts exhibited the most pronounced inhibitory effects on multiple cancer cell lines, especially A549 (IC50: 23.2 µg/mL) and HT-29 (IC50: 27.43 µg/mL) cells. Using network pharmacology, P. endlicherianum compounds were studied against cancer, revealing well-connected targets such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K), AKT, receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2, and growth factor receptor bound protein 2 (GRB2) with significant impact on cancer-related pathways. The results could open a new path from natural treasure to functional applications with P. endlicherianum and highlight a new study on other uninvestigated Pelargonium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokhan Zengin
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Francisco Javier Leyva-Jiménez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science and Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
- Regional Institute for Applied Scientific Research (IRICA), Area of Food Science, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Álvaro Fernández-Ochoa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Evren Yildiztugay
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Antonio Segura Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Fuentenueva s/n, Granada, Spain
| | - Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- School of Engineering & Technology, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | | | - Nilofar
- Department of Biology, Science Faculty, Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - Ismail Koyuncu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Özgür Yüksekdağ
- Department of Pharmacy, Botanic Garden "Giardino dei Semplici", Università degli Studi "Gabriele d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
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11
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Yaylaci Karahalil F, Bakirhan F, Kara Y. In Vitro Determination of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition, Antioxidant Capacity and Phenolic Content of Various Natural Products (Bee and Herbal Products). Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202301330. [PMID: 38220973 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
It is obvious that the oxidation process is an undeniable fact and when it comes to aging, one of the first solutions that come to mind is natural products. When it comes to natural products, both plants and bee products play an important, almost combative role against oxidation. For this purpose, natural products of both plant and animal origin were considered together in our study: Linden, green tea, aronia, wild grapes, myrtle, blueberries and basil, honey, pollen and propolis. Total phenolic content values of the extracts ranged between 49.28 and 3859.06 mg gallic acid equivalent/100 g, and propolis, green tea, chestnut flower and aronia samples were found to have the highest values. When looking at the NOS inhibition potential, it was determined that propolis, pollen and aronia samples had the highest percentage inhibition values of 98.11, 92.29, 83.44, respectively. Antioxidant activities of methanolic extracts were investigated using iron(III) reducing/antioxidant capacity (FRAP), 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity test and NOS inhibition tests. The phenolic composition of methanolic extracts was tested using the RP-HPLC-UV (high-performance liquid chromatographic method with ultraviolet) method with 19 phenolic standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Yaylaci Karahalil
- Karadeniz Technical University, Maçka Vocational School, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Biochemistry Program, 61750, Maçka, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Fatma Bakirhan
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yakup Kara
- Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, 61080, Trabzon, Turkey
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12
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Kebal L, Djebli N, Pokajewicz K, Mostefa N, Wieczorek PP. Antioxidant Activity and Effectiveness of Fig Extract in Counteracting Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Oxidative Damage in Rats. Molecules 2024; 29:1997. [PMID: 38731494 PMCID: PMC11085187 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29091997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Figs are the edible fruits of the fig tree, Ficus carica L., that have been used for centuries for human consumption and in traditional medicine, to treat skin problems, inflammation, and gastrointestinal disorders. Our previous study investigated the presence of phenolic compounds in aqueous extracts of two Algerian popular fig varieties, azendjar (Az) and taamriouth (Ta), as well as their in vitro antioxidant activity. In this study, we assessed hydroethanolic extracts of these fig varieties. The total phenolic content was measured, along with the phenolic profile. Rutin was determined to be the dominant phenolic compound, followed by vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, quercetin, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, rosmarinic acid (in Az only), and cinnamic acid. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated both in vitro (DPPH and FRAP assays) and in vivo, in rats intoxicated with carbon tetrachloride. In all assays, the fig extract-especially the dark-peeled fig variety azendjar-showed antioxidant potency. The administration of fig extract resulted in a reduction in liver damage, expressed by both different biochemical markers and histopathological study (less degraded liver architecture, reduced fibrosis, and only mild inflammation). A dose-dependent therapeutic effect was observed. The extract from the dark-peeled fig variety, Az, was characterized by a higher phenolic content and a stronger antioxidant activity than the extract from the light-peeled variety-Ta. Our study justifies the use of figs in traditional healing and shows the potential of using fig extracts in natural medicines and functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Kebal
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Api-Phytotherapy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem (UMAB), Mostaganem 2700, Algeria
| | - Noureddine Djebli
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Api-Phytotherapy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem (UMAB), Mostaganem 2700, Algeria
| | - Katarzyna Pokajewicz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Opole, Pl. Kopernika 11a, 45-040 Opole, Poland
| | - Nadjet Mostefa
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Api-Phytotherapy, Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mostaganem (UMAB), Mostaganem 2700, Algeria
| | - Piotr P. Wieczorek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Opole, Pl. Kopernika 11a, 45-040 Opole, Poland
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13
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Iorga RE, Moraru AD, Costin D, Munteanu-Dănulescu RS, Brănișteanu DC. Current trends in targeting the oxidative stress in glaucoma (Review). Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:328-337. [PMID: 37974458 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231214297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterised by retinal ganglion cell degeneration and visual field loss. Glaucoma is considered to be the leading cause of blindness in the industrialised countries. Oxidative damage is an important pathogenic factor in glaucoma, which triggers trabecular meshwork (TM) degeneration, which then leads to intraocular hypertension. Neurodegenerative insults during glaucomatous neurodegeneration initiate an immune response to restore tissue homeostasis. However, the oxidative stress (OS) that develops during the pathogenic processes of glaucoma, along with the agerelated OS, plays a critical role in shifting the physiological equilibrium. In the TM from glaucoma donors, proinflammatory markers were found, which were induced by the activation of a stress response. Chronic changes in the composition of antioxidants found in aqueous humour may induce alterations in TM as well as in the optic nerve head cells. Highlighting the pathogenic role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in glaucoma has implications in preventing this disease. Various clinical trials are available to test the efficacy of antioxidant drugs in glaucoma management. In this review, we discuss the OS as a therapeutic target, suggesting that the modulation of a pro-oxidant/antioxidant status might be a relevant target for glaucoma prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Eugenia Iorga
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Andreea Dana Moraru
- Department of Ophthalmology, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania
| | - Dănuț Costin
- Department of Ophthalmology, "N. Oblu" Clinical Hospital, Iasi, Romania
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14
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Czernicka M, Sowa-Borowiec P, Puchalski C, Czerniakowski ZW. Content of Bioactive Compounds in Highbush Blueberry Vaccinium corymbosum L. Leaves as a Potential Raw Material for Food Technology or Pharmaceutical Industry. Foods 2024; 13:246. [PMID: 38254547 PMCID: PMC10814797 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the content of selected phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and the levels of arbutin and hydroquinone in 25 varieties of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) leaf samples. An analysis of the bioactive components was performed using the HPLC technique and the antioxidant activity was determined via spectrophotometric methods. The content of chlorogenic acid in the analysed leaf extracts ranged from 52.76 mg/g (Spartan variety) to 32.37 mg/g (Nelson variety) and was present in the highest concentration among all the analysed phenolic acids. Particularly large levels of isoquercetin were found in the Aurora, Ivanhoe and Toro varieties (28.40 mg/g, 26.24 mg/g and 21.57 mg/g, respectively). An exceptionally high rutin content (p < 0.05) was found in the Ivanhoe variety (27.19 mg/g) as compared to the other varieties, where it ranged from 2.06 mg/g (Earliblue and Patriot varieties) to 10.55 mg/g (Bluejay variety). The Patriot variety was determined to possess the highest antioxidative activity using the FRAP method (1086.15 μmol Trolox/g d.w.) and based on its DPPH radical scavenging activity (1124.17 μmol Trolox/g d.w.). The total phenolic content (TPC) determined via spectrophotometry ranged from 48.11 mg GAE/g d.w. (Elizabeth variety) to 177.31 GAE/g d.w. (Patriot variety). The arbutin content in the leaves of all tested varieties exceeded 2%, so it can be concluded that they constitute a stable source of arbutin. Three varieties (Bonus, Chanticleer and Herbert) can be considered a potential alternative to bearberry and lingonberry leaves. The hydroquinone content in the analysed extracts was determined to be at a lower level. V. corymbosum leaves can be considered an interesting herbal material for use in traditional herbal medicinal products but not directly for food products and dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Czernicka
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
| | - Patrycja Sowa-Borowiec
- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, 31-155 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Czesław Puchalski
- Department of Bioenergetics, Food Analysis and Microbiology, University of Rzeszow, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland;
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15
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Pinto D, Lozano-Castellón J, Margarida Silva A, de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea M, Segura-Carretero A, Lamuela-Raventós R, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Novel insights into enzymes inhibitory responses and metabolomic profile of supercritical fluid extract from chestnut shells upon intestinal permeability. Food Res Int 2024; 175:113807. [PMID: 38129012 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The health benefits of chestnut (Castanea sativa) shells (CSs) have been ascribed to phytochemicals, mainly phenolic compounds. Nevertheless, an exhaustive assessment of their intestinal absorption is vital considering a possible nutraceutical application. This study evaluated the bioactivity of CSs extract prepared by Supercritical Fluid Extraction and untargeted metabolomic profile upon in-vitro intestinal permeation across a Caco-2/HT29-MTX co-culture model. The results demonstrated the neuroprotective, hypoglycemic, and hypolipidemic properties of CSs extract by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, α-amylase, and lipase activities. The untargeted metabolic profiling by LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS unveiled almost 60 % of lipids and 30 % of phenolic compounds, with 29 metabolic pathways indicated by enrichment analysis. Among phenolics, mostly phenolic acids, flavonoids, and coumarins permeated the intestinal barrier with most metabolites arising from phase I reactions (reduction, hydrolysis, and hydrogenation) and a minor fraction from phase II reactions (methylation). The permeation rates enhanced in the following order: ellagic acid < o-coumaric acid < p-coumaric acid < ferulaldehyde ≤ hydroxyferulic acid ≤ dihydroferulic acid < ferulic acid < trans-caffeic acid < trans-cinnamic acid < dihydrocaffeic acid, with better outcomes for 1000 µg/mL of extract concentration and after 4 h of permeation. Taken together, these findings sustained a considerable in-vitro intestinal absorption of phenolic compounds from CSs extract, enabling them to reach target sites and exert their biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pinto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Julián Lozano-Castellón
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - María de la Luz Cádiz-Gurrea
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Lamuela-Raventós
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, School of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal.
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16
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Martemucci G, Fracchiolla G, Muraglia M, Tardugno R, Dibenedetto RS, D’Alessandro AG. Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review from the Oxidative Stress to the Management of Related Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2091. [PMID: 38136211 PMCID: PMC10740837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a growing disorder affecting thousands of people worldwide, especially in industrialised countries, increasing mortality. Oxidative stress, hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, inflammation, dysbiosis, abdominal obesity, atherogenic dyslipidaemia and hypertension are important factors linked to MS clusters of different pathologies, such as diabesity, cardiovascular diseases and neurological disorders. All biochemical changes observed in MS, such as dysregulation in the glucose and lipid metabolism, immune response, endothelial cell function and intestinal microbiota, promote pathological bridges between metabolic syndrome, diabesity and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. This review aims to summarise metabolic syndrome's involvement in diabesity and highlight the link between MS and cardiovascular and neurological diseases. A better understanding of MS could promote a novel strategic approach to reduce MS comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Martemucci
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Fracchiolla
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Marilena Muraglia
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Tardugno
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
| | - Roberta Savina Dibenedetto
- Department of Pharmacy–Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.M.); (R.T.); (R.S.D.)
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17
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Mohamed AAR, Moustafa GG, El Bohy KM, Saber TM, Metwally MMM, El Desoukey Mohammed H, El-Far AH, Alotaibi BS, Alosaimi M, Abuzahrah SS, Alqahtani LS. Exploring cardiac impact of oral nicotine exposure in a transplantable Neoplasm Mice Model: Insights from biochemical analysis, morphometry, and molecular docking: Chlorella vulgaris green algae support. Toxicology 2023; 497-498:153629. [PMID: 37704175 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Nicotine-induced cardiac tissue damage is a concern for cancer patients, but the exact pathogenesis from nicotine oral exposure is unclear. This study was designed to investigate the impact of nicotine and Chlorella vulgaris (Ch. V) on cardiac glutathione homeostasis, inflammatory response, cardiac damage markers, apoptotic proteins and histopathological findings in an experimentally transplantable neoplasm mouse model (Ehrlich ascites carcinoma; EAC). In the in-vivo experiment, the female Swiss mice were divided into four groups: control, Ch.V (100 mg/kg), Nicotine (100 µg/ml/kg), and a combination group ( Nocotine+ Ch.V) for 40 days. Furthermore, in this study,the effects of C. vulgaris components on caspase-3, TNF-α, and IL-1β activity were explored using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) docking software to ensure its ability to counteract the toxic effects of nicotine. The results indicated that nicotine has induced significant (P < 0.001) cardiopathic alterations in EAC-bearing mice with changes in cardiac tissue enzymes. C. Vulgaris attenuated the nicotine-induced cardiac glutathione inhibition, suppressed the inflammatory response, exerted antiapoptotic effects, mitigated myocardial injury biomarkers, and repaired cellular and tissue damage. Moreover, the molecular docking results revealed the ability of C. vulgaris to bind with interleukin-1 receptor type 1 (IL1R1) and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1 A (TNFRSF1A) in the mice tissues, ameliorating apoptosis and inflammatory processes associated with nicotine-induced cardiotoxicity. This study provides a model for understanding nicotine-induced myocardial injury during experimentally transplantable neoplasm. It highlights C. vulgaris as a beneficial food supplement for cancer patients exposed to nicotine orally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amany Abdel-Rahman Mohamed
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Gihan G Moustafa
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Khlood M El Bohy
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Taghred M Saber
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M M Metwally
- Department of pathology and clinical pathology, faculty of veterinary medicine, King Salman international University, Ras sudr، Egypt; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Heba El Desoukey Mohammed
- Specialist of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Veterinary Services, El Senbellawein, Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt
| | - Ali H El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
| | - Badriyah S Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Manal Alosaimi
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samah S Abuzahrah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, University of Jeddah, 21959, Saudi Arabia
| | - Leena S Alqahtani
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 23445, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Luan L, Pan H, Chen Y, Ye X, Hou Z, Chen S. Role of extracted phytochemicals from Rosa sterilis S. D. Shi in DSS-induced colitis mice: potential amelioration of UC. Food Funct 2023; 14:8369-8382. [PMID: 37606621 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02456c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Rosa sterilis S. D. Shi is a new variety of R. roxburghii Tratt and its fruits are rich in bioactive components, but its effects and mechanisms against intestinal inflammation are currently unknown. In this study, the main components of the ethanol extract of R. sterilis S. D. Shi fruits (RSE) were identified and its anti-inflammatory efficacy in DSS-induced mice was evaluated. A total of nine compounds were identified, including 1-O-E-cinnamoyl-(6-arabinosylglucose), ellagic acid-O-rhamnoside, (epi) catechin, niga-ichigoside F1, etc. The results demonstrated that RSE ameliorated DSS-induced inflammation in mouse colon tissues by increasing mucin expression, reducing the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, inhibiting the mRNA expression of COX-2 and iNOS, regulating the composition of gut microbiota through suppressing Escherichia-Shigella while increasing Akkermansia muciniphila, and promoting the production of SCFAs, especially acetic acid. Briefly, RSE showed outstanding potential for anti-inflammatory activity and is expected to be a promising dietary supplement for healthy individuals to prevent or relieve colitis and colitis-related diseases, which provided a new direction for functional food development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luqin Luan
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Haibo Pan
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China
| | - Yihao Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Xingqian Ye
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linli, 276000, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 315100, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hou
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory of Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linli, 276000, China
- Fuli Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Ningbo Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 315100, China
- Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314102, China
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19
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Farag MR, Alagawany M, Mahdy EAA, El-Hady E, Abou-Zeid SM, Mawed SA, Azzam MM, Crescenzo G, Abo-Elmaaty AMA. Benefits of Chlorella vulgaris against Cadmium Chloride-Induced Hepatic and Renal Toxicities via Restoring the Cellular Redox Homeostasis and Modulating Nrf2 and NF-KB Pathways in Male Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2414. [PMID: 37760855 PMCID: PMC10525457 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In our life scenarios, we are involuntarily exposed to many heavy metals that are well-distributed in water, food, and air and have adverse health effects on animals and humans. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic 10 chemicals reported by The World Health Organization (WHO), affecting organ structure and function. In our present study, we use one of the green microalga Chlorella vulgaris (ChV, 500 mg/kg body weight) to investigate the beneficial effects against CdCl2-induced hepato-renal toxicity (Cd, 2 mg/kg body weight for 10 days) on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. In brief, 40 adult male rats were divided into four groups (n = 10); Control, ChV, Cd, and Cd + ChV. Cadmium alters liver and kidney architecture and disturbs the cellular signaling cascade, resulting in loss of body weight, alteration of the hematological picture, and increased ALT, AST, ALP, and urea in the blood serum. Moreover, cadmium puts hepatic and renal cells under oxidative stress due to the up-regulation of lipid peroxidation resulting in a significant increase in the IgG level as an innate immunity protection and induction of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α) that causes hepatic hemorrhage, irregular hepatocytes in the liver and focal glomeruli swelling and proximal tubular degeneration in the kidney. ChV additive to CdCl2, could organize the protein translation process via NF-kB/Nrf2 pathways to prevent oxidative damage by maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and improving the survival of and tolerance of cells against oxidative damage caused by cadmium. The present study shed light on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of Chlorella vulgaris that suppress the toxicity influence of CdCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Eman A. A. Mahdy
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.A.A.M.); (E.E.-H.)
| | - Enas El-Hady
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (E.A.A.M.); (E.E.-H.)
| | - Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 6012201, Egypt;
| | - Suzan A. Mawed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud M. Azzam
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Giuseppe Crescenzo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Valenzano, 70010 Bari, Italy;
| | - Azza M. A. Abo-Elmaaty
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
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20
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Duque-Soto C, Ruiz-Vargas A, Rueda-Robles A, Quirantes-Piné R, Borrás-Linares I, Lozano-Sánchez J. Bioactive Potential of Aqueous Phenolic Extracts of Spices for Their Use in the Food Industry-A Systematic Review. Foods 2023; 12:3031. [PMID: 37628030 PMCID: PMC10453399 DOI: 10.3390/foods12163031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The interest on the use of natural sources in the food industry has promoted the study of plants' phenolic compounds as potential additives. However, the literature has been focusing on essential oils, with very few studies published regarding aqueous extracts, their phenolic composition, and bioactivity. A systematic review was conducted on different databases following PRISMA guidelines to evaluate the relevance of the phenolic content of different aromatic spices (oregano, rosemary, thyme, ginger, clove, and pepper), as related to their bioactivity and potential application as food additives. Although different extraction methods have been applied in the literature, the use of green approaches using ethanol and deep eutectic solvents has increased, leading to the development of products more apt for human consumption. The studied plants present an interesting phenolic profile, ranging from phenolic acids to flavonoids, establishing a correlation between their phenolic content and bioactivity. In this sense, results have proven to be very promising, presenting those extracts as having similar if not higher bioactivity than synthetic additives already in use, with associated health concerns. Nevertheless, the study of spices' phenolic extracts is somehow limited to in vitro studies. Therefore, research in food matrices is needed for more understanding of factors interfering with their preservation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Duque-Soto
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.D.-S.); (A.R.-V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.L.-S.)
| | - Ana Ruiz-Vargas
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.D.-S.); (A.R.-V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.L.-S.)
| | - Ascensión Rueda-Robles
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.D.-S.); (A.R.-V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.L.-S.)
| | - Rosa Quirantes-Piné
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, Edificio BioRegión, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | - Isabel Borrás-Linares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (C.D.-S.); (A.R.-V.); (A.R.-R.); (J.L.-S.)
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21
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Pinto D, López-Yerena A, Almeida A, Sarmento B, Lamuela-Raventós R, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Metabolomic insights into phenolics-rich chestnut shells extract as a nutraceutical ingredient - A comprehensive evaluation of its impacts on oxidative stress biomarkers by an in-vivo study. Food Res Int 2023; 170:112963. [PMID: 37316050 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study attempted for the first time to explore the effects of the daily oral intake of a phenolics-rich extract from chestnut shells (CS) on the metabolomic profiling of rat tissues by liquid chromatography coupled to Orbitrap-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS) targeted to polyphenolics and their metabolites and screen potential oxidative stress biomarkers, validating its use as a promising nutraceutical ingredient with outstanding antioxidant properties for the prevention and co-therapy of lifestyle-related diseases triggered by oxidative stress. The results demonstrated new insights into the metabolomic fingerprinting of polyphenols from CS, confirming their absorption and biotransformation by phase I (hydrogenation) and II (glucuronidation, methylation, and sulfation) enzymes. Phenolic acids were the main polyphenolic class, followed by hydrolyzable tannins, flavanols, and lignans. In contrast to the liver, sulfated conjugates were the principal metabolites reaching the kidneys. The multivariate data analysis predicted an exceptional contribution of polyphenols and their microbial and phase II metabolites to the in-vivo antioxidant response of the CS extract in rats, recommending its use as an appealing source of anti-aging molecules for nutraceuticals. This is the first study that explored the relation between metabolomic profiling of rat tissues and in-vivo antioxidant effects after oral treatment with a phenolics-rich CS extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Pinto
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Anallely López-Yerena
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andreia Almeida
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S - Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; INEB - Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal; CESPU - Institute for Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, Rua Central de Gandra 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Rosa Lamuela-Raventós
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Vallverdú-Queralt
- Polyphenol Research Group, Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy XIA, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio CIBER, M.P. Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, ISEP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal.
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22
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Ozkan G, Sakarya FB, Tas D, Yurt B, Ercisli S, Capanoglu E. Effect of In Vitro Digestion on the Phenolic Content of Herbs Collected from Eastern Anatolia. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:12730-12738. [PMID: 37065041 PMCID: PMC10099410 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds in herbs have high antioxidant activities, and their consumption as functional foods may impact human health positively. The main objective of this study was to investigate the total phenolic (TPC) and total flavonoid (TFC) contents as well as total antioxidant capacities (TAC) of bioactive compounds in various infusions prepared by herbs collected from the Bingöl region of Turkey during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. According to the results, while the highest TPC (5836 ± 373 mg GAE/100 g dw), TFC (2301 ± 158 CE/100 g, dw), and TAC (1347 mg TE/100 g dw) were obtained with Anchusa azurea Mill. species, Crataegus orientalis exhibited the lowest values (863 ± 24 mg GAE/100 g dw, 242 ± 23 CE/100 g dw, 735 ± 47 mg TE/100 g dw, respectively). Gallic acid and chlorogenic acid were the most common phenolic compounds in the infusions. In detail, the highest gallic acid was found in E. spectabilis M. Bieb (27.3 ± 0.9 mg/100 g of dw) and the highest chlorogenic acid was observed in F. elaeochytris (919.2 ± 35.7 mg/100 g of dw). After in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, the highest bioaccessibility values of TPC and TFC were determined as 0.6- and 3-fold of the values observed in undigested C. orientalis, respectively. Besides, C. orientalis Pall. had the highest bioaccessibility of TAC according to the DPPH (6.7-fold increase) and CUPRAC (9.7-fold increase) assays. It can be concluded that the use of these medicinal herbs in human dietary intake due to their high bioactive compounds even after digestion can improve nutritional value and contribute to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulay Ozkan
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fatma Betul Sakarya
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilara Tas
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bayram Yurt
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Bingol University, Bingol 12300, Turkey
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department
of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department
of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey
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23
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Pereira ZC, Cruz JMDA, Corrêa RF, Sanches EA, Campelo PH, Bezerra JDA. Passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) pulp: A review on bioactive properties, health benefits and technological potential. Food Res Int 2023; 166:112626. [PMID: 36914332 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The Passiflora genus (Passifloraceae family) extends worldwide, but it is mainly found in the Americas. The present review aimed to select the main reports published over the last 5 years involving the chemical composition, health benefits, and products obtained from the pulps of Passifora spp. The pulps of at least 10 species of Passiflora have been studied presenting different classes of organic compounds, especially phenolic acids, and polyphenols. The main bioactivity properties include antioxidant and in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition. These reports highlight the potential of Passiflora for the development of a variety of products, especially fermented and non-fermented beverages, as well as foods to attend a demand for non-dairy products. In general, these products are prominent source of probiotic bacteria resistant to in vitro gastrointestinal simulation, representing an alternative for intestinal microbiota regulation. Therefore, sensory analysis is encouraging herein, as well as in vivo tests to enable the development of high value pharmaceuticals and food products. The patents confirm the great interest in research and products development in different food technology areas, as well as in biotechnology, pharmacy, and materials engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilanir Carvalho Pereira
- Analytical Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Renilto Frota Corrêa
- Translational Surgery and Animal Experimentation Laboratory of the Central Bioterium of the UEA, State University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Edgar Aparecido Sanches
- Laboratory of Nanostructured Polymers (NANOPOL), Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Campelo
- Department of Food Technology, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline de Araújo Bezerra
- Analytical Center, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
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24
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Camacho MDM, Martínez-Lahuerta JJ, García-Martínez E, Igual M, Martínez-Navarrete N. Bioavailability of Bioactive Compounds from Reconstituted Grapefruit Juice as Affected by the Obtention Process. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072904. [PMID: 37049665 PMCID: PMC10095604 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Much attention has been paid to the health benefits of including fruits and vegetables in the diet. However, for the compounds responsible for this beneficial effect to be effective at the level of the human organism, they must be available for absorption after digestion. In this sense, in vivo studies are needed to demonstrate the bioavailability of these compounds and their physiological activity. In order to provide information in this regard, this study collects data on the levels of vitamin C (VC) and naringenin (NAG) in the blood serum of the 11 volunteer participants in this trial, before and after consuming two different grapefruit juices. The juices were prepared by rehydrating the grapefruit powder obtained by freeze-drying (FD) the fruit puree or by spray-drying (SD) the liquefied grapefruit. No significant differences (p > 0.05) neither by juice nor by participant were observed in any case. The mean relative increase of VC, NAG and the radical scavenging ability (RSA) in blood serum due to grapefruit juices intake was 12%, 28% and 26%, respectively. Just VC showed a positive and significant Pearson's correlation with RSA. The mean bioavailability of VC was quantified as 1.529 ± 0.002 mg VC/L serum per 100 mg of VC ingested.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Del Mar Camacho
- Food Investigation and Innovation Group, Food Technology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan José Martínez-Lahuerta
- CA Juan Llorens, Departamento Valencia-Hospital General, Consellería de Sanitat Universal i Salud Pública, Generalitat Valenciana, 46008 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva García-Martínez
- Food Investigation and Innovation Group, Food Technology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Marta Igual
- I-Food IAD, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Nuria Martínez-Navarrete
- Food Investigation and Innovation Group, Food Technology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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25
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Rathod NB, Elabed N, Punia S, Ozogul F, Kim SK, Rocha JM. Recent Developments in Polyphenol Applications on Human Health: A Review with Current Knowledge. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12061217. [PMID: 36986905 PMCID: PMC10053535 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenol has been used in treatment for some health disorders due to their diverse health promoting properties. These compounds can reduce the impacts of oxidation on the human body, prevent the organs and cell structure against deterioration and protect their functional integrity. The health promoting abilities are attributed to their high bioactivity imparting them high antioxidative, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral activity, as well as anticancer properties. The application of polyphenols such as flavonoids, catechin, tannins, and phenolic acids in the food industry as bio-preservative substances for foods and beverages can exert a superb activity on the inhibition of oxidative stress via different types of mechanisms. In this review, the detailed classification of polyphenolic compunds and their important bioactivity with special focus on human health are addressed. Additionally, their ability to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 could be used as alternative therapy to treat COVID patients. Inclusions of polyphenolic compounds in various foods have demonstrated their ability to extend shelf life and they positive impacts on human health (antioxidative, antihypertensive, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, anticancer). Additionally, their ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been reported. Considering their natural occurrence and GRAS status they are highly recommended in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikheel Bhojraj Rathod
- Post-Graduate Institute of Post-Harvest Technology and Management, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Roha 402 116, India
| | - Nariman Elabed
- Laboratory of Protein Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), University of Carthage, BP 77-1054 Amilcar, Carthage 1054, Tunisia
| | - Sneh Punia
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemoson University, Clemosn, SC 29634, USA
| | - Fatih Ozogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
| | - Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine Science & Convergence Engineering, College of Science & Technology, Hanyang University, ERICA Campus, Ansan 11558, Republic of Korea
| | - João Miguel Rocha
- LEPABE—Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
- ALiCE—Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
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26
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Liu X, Zhao L, Wu B, Chen F. Improving solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs by protein-based strategy: A review. Int J Pharm 2023; 634:122704. [PMID: 36758883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Poorly water-soluble drugs are frequently encountered and present a most challengeable difficulty in pharmaceutical development. Poor solubility of drugs can lead to suboptimal bioavailability and therapeutic efficiency. Increasing efforts have been contributed to improve the solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs for better pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Among various solubility enhancement technologies, protein-based strategy to address poorly water-soluble drugs issues has special interests for natural advantages including versatile interactions between proteins and hydrophobic drugs, biocompatibility, biodegradation, and metabolization of proteins. The protein-drug formulations could be formed by covalent conjugations or noncovalent interactions to facilitate solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs. This review is to summarize the advances using proteins including plant proteins, mammalian proteins, and recombinant proteins, to enhance water solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Liu
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Limin Zhao
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Baojian Wu
- Institute of Molecular Rhythm and Metabolism, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Fener Chen
- Engineering Center of Catalysis and Synthesis for Chiral Molecules, Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Industrial Asymmetric Catalysis of Chiral Drugs, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China.
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27
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Pinto D, Almeida A, López-Yerena A, Pinto S, Sarmento B, Lamuela-Raventós R, Vallverdú-Queralt A, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Appraisal of a new potential antioxidants-rich nutraceutical ingredient from chestnut shells through in-vivo assays – A targeted metabolomic approach in phenolic compounds. Food Chem 2023; 404:134546. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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28
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Nenadis N, Pyrka I, Tsimidou MZ. The Contribution of Theoretical Prediction Studies to the Antioxidant Activity Assessment of the Bioactive Secoiridoids Encountered in Olive Tree Products and By-Products. Molecules 2023; 28:2267. [PMID: 36903511 PMCID: PMC10005156 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessment of the antioxidant activity of different types of natural compounds is a complex research area that encompasses various in vitro tests and in vivo studies. Sophisticated modern analytical tools permit the unambiguous characterization of the compounds present in a matrix. The contemporary researcher, knowing the chemical structure of the compounds present, can carry out quantum chemical calculations that provide important physicochemical information assisting the prediction of antioxidant potential and the mechanism behind the activity of target compounds before further experimentation. The efficiency of calculations is steadily improved due to the rapid evolution of both hardware and software. It is possible, consequently, to study compounds of medium or even larger size, incorporating also models that simulate the liquid phase (solution). This review contributes to the establishment of theoretical calculations as an inherent part of the antioxidant activity assessment process, having as a case study the complex mixtures of olive bioactive secoiridoids (oleuropein, ligstroside, and related compounds). The literature indicates great variability in theoretical approaches and models used so far for only a limited number of this group of phenolic compounds. Proposals are made for standardization of methodology (reference compounds, DFT functional, basis set size, and solvation model) to facilitate comparisons and communication of findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Z. Tsimidou
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Technology, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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29
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Gahtori R, Tripathi AH, Kumari A, Negi N, Paliwal A, Tripathi P, Joshi P, Rai RC, Upadhyay SK. Anticancer plant-derivatives: deciphering their oncopreventive and therapeutic potential in molecular terms. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-023-00465-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Over the years, phytomedicines have been widely used as natural modalities for the treatment and prevention of various diseases by different ethnic groups across the globe. Although, 25% of drugs in the USA contain at least one plant-derived therapeutic compound, currently there is a paucity of plant-derived active medicinal ingredients in the pharmaceutical industry. Scientific evidence-based translation of plant-derived ethnomedicines for their clinical application is an urgent need. The anticancer and associated properties (antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) inhibition) of various plant extracts and phytochemicals have been elucidated earlier. Several of the plant derivatives are already in use under prophylactic/therapeutic settings against cancer and many are being investigated under different phases of clinical trials.
Main body
The purpose of this study is to systematically comprehend the progress made in the area of prophylactic and therapeutic potential of the anticancerous plant derivatives. Besides, we aim to understand their anticancer potential in terms of specific sub-phenomena, such as anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, pro-apoptotic and inhibition of EMT, with an insight of the molecules/pathways associated with them. The study also provides details of classes of anticancer compounds, their plant source(s) and the molecular pathway(s) targeted by them. In addition to the antioxidative and antiproliferative potentials of anticancer plant derivatives, this study emphasizes on their EMT-inhibition potential and other ‘anticancer related’ properties. The EMT is highlighted as a phenomenon of choice for targeting cancer due to its role in the induction of metastasis and drug resistance. Different phytochemicals in pre-clinical or clinical trials, with promising chemopreventive/anticancer activities have been enlisted and the plant compounds showing synergistic anticancer activity in combination with the existing drugs have been discussed. The review also unravels the need of carrying out pan-signalome studies for identifying the cardinal pathways modulated by phytomedicine(s), as in many cases, the molecular pathway(s) has/have been randomly studied.
Conclusion
This review systematically compiles the studies regarding the impact of various plant derivatives in different cancers and oncogenic processes, as tested in diverse experimental model systems. Availability of more comprehensive information on anticancer phyto-constituents, their relative abundance in crude drugs, pathways/molecules targeted by phytomedicines, their long-term toxicity data and information regarding their safe use under the combinatorial settings, would open greater avenues of their utilization in future against this dreaded disease.
Graphical Abstract
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Microbial inhibition and shelf-life extension of longan (Dimocarpus longan) juice by UV radiation. Food Control 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2023.109694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
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Melatonin treatment improves nutritional value and antioxidant enzyme activity of Physalis peruviana fruit during storage. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01819-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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de Souza GR, De-Oliveira ACAX, Soares V, De-Souza TP, Barbi NS, Paumgartten FJR, da Silva AJR. Protective effects of a chemically characterized extract from solanum torvum leaves on acetaminophen-induced liver injury. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:122-135. [PMID: 35105269 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.2012905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Distinct parts of Solanum torvum Swartz. (Solanaceae) are popularly used for a variety of therapeutic purposes. This study determined the phytochemical composition of a phenolic fraction of S. torvum leaf aqueous extract and investigated its antioxidant and liver-protective properties. A phenolic compound-enriched fraction, or phenolic fraction (STLAE-PF) of an infusion (STLAE) of S. torvum leaves, was tested in vitro (antagonism of H2O2 in cytotoxicity and DCF assays with HepG2/C3A cells), and in vivo for antioxidant activity and protective effects against acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury in mice. Thirty-eight compounds (flavonoids, esters of hydroxycinnamic acid, and chlorogenic acid isomers) were tentatively identified (high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution electrospray mass spectrometry) in the STLAE-PF fraction. In vitro assays in HepG2/C3A cells showed that STLAE-PF and some flavonoids contained in this phenolic fraction, at noncytotoxic levels, antagonized in a concentration-dependent manner the effects of a powerful oxidant agent (H2O2). In C57BL/6 mice, oral administration of STLAE (600 and 1,200 mg/kg bw) or STLAE-PF (300 mg/kg bw) prevented the rise in serum transaminases (ALT and AST), depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) and elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARs) levels in the liver caused by APAP (600 mg/kg bw, i.p.). The hepatoprotective effects of STLAE-PF (300 mg/kg bw) against APAP-caused liver injury were comparable to those of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC 300 or 600 mg/kg bw i.p.). These findings indicate that a phenolic fraction of S. torvum leaf extract (STLAE-PF) is a new phytotherapeutic agent potentially useful for preventing/treating liver injury caused by APAP overdosing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela R de Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro
| | - Ana Cecilia A X De-Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro
| | - Vitor Soares
- Institute for Research on Natural Products, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thamyris Perez De-Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro
| | - Nancy S Barbi
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco J R Paumgartten
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro
| | - Antonio J R da Silva
- Institute for Research on Natural Products, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Zhu Z, Li X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Dai F, Wang W. Profiling of phenolic compounds in domestic and imported extra virgin olive oils in China by high performance liquid chromatography-electrochemical detection. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Oseahumen Omoike G, Omenebelle George B, Onyinye Ugwu E, Okpoghono J. Changes in the antioxidant properties of Ocimum africanum leaves aqueous extract from the southeastern region of Nigeria after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2120494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joel Okpoghono
- Department of Chemical Sciences (Biochemistry Option), Novena University, Ogume, Nigeria
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Physical, Nutritional, and Bioactive Properties of Mandacaru Cladode Flour ( Cereus jamacaru DC.): An Unconventional Food Plant from the Semi-Arid Brazilian Northeast. Foods 2022; 11:foods11233814. [PMID: 36496622 PMCID: PMC9739843 DOI: 10.3390/foods11233814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the physical, nutritional, and bioactive properties of mandacaru cladode flour (Cereus jamacaru DC.). The granulometric profile revealed particles with non-uniform geometry, flakiness, a rectangular tendency, and a non-homogeneous surface, with particle sizes ranging from 20 to 60 µm. The flour presented low water activity (0.423), a moisture content of 8.24 g/100 g, high ash (2.82 g/100 g), protein (5.18 g/100 g), and total carbohydrate contents (74.48 g/100 g), and low lipid contents (1.88 g/100 g). Mandacaru flour is an excellent source of insoluble dietary fiber (48.08 g/100 g), calcium (76.33%), magnesium (15.21%), and potassium (5.94%). Notably, 1H NMR analysis revealed the presence of N-methyltyramine. Using HPLC chromatography, glucose was identified as the predominant sugar (1.33 g/100 g), followed by four organic acids, especially malic acid (9.41 g/100 g) and citric acid (3.96 g/100 g). Eighteen phenolic compounds were detected, with relevant amounts of kaempferol (99.40 mg/100 g), myricetin (72.30 mg/100 g), and resveratrol (17.84 mg/100 g). The total phenolic compounds and flavonoids were 1285.47 mg GAE/100 g and 15.19 mg CE/100 g, respectively. The mean in vitro antioxidant activity values were higher using the FRAP method (249.45 µmol Trolox TEAC/100 g) compared to the ABTS•+ method (0.39 µmol Trolox TEAC/g). Finally, the ascorbic acid had a content of 35.22 mg/100 g. The results demonstrate the value of mandacaru as a little-explored species and an excellent matrix for the development of flours presenting good nutritional value and bioactive constituents with excellent antioxidant potential.
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Silva AM, Almeida A, Dall’Acqua S, Loschi F, Sarmento B, Costa PC, Delerue-Matos C, Rodrigues F. Insights into the 3D In Vitro Permeability and In Vivo Antioxidant Protective Effects of Kiwiberry Leaf Extract: A Step Forward to Human Nutraceutical Use. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214130. [PMID: 36430606 PMCID: PMC9692619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Actinidia arguta (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq. (kiwiberry) leaves are a source of phenolic compounds with pro-health biological effects, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Despite the huge number of studies reporting the composition of A. arguta leaves, no in vitro or in vivo studies explore its potential use as nutraceutical ingredient based on these activities. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the safety profile of kiwiberry leaf extracts using in vitro and in vivo approaches through the assessment of intestinal cell viability (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX), 3D intestinal permeation, and, most important, the redox markers, biochemical profile and liver and kidney function effects after the animal assays. Briefly, wistar rats were orally treated for 7 days with kiwiberry leaf extracts (50 and 75 mg/kg bw), water (negative control), or vitamin C (positive control). The cell viability was above 90% at 1000 μg/mL for both cells. Coumaroyl quinic acid and rutin achieved a permeation higher than 25% in the 3D intestinal model. The animal studies confirmed the extracts' ability to increase superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase content in animals' livers and kidneys while simultaneously decreasing the triglycerides content. This study highlighted the antioxidant capacity of kiwiberry leaf extracts, ensuring their efficacy and safety as a nutraceutical ingredient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Almeida
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Stefano Dall’Acqua
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Loschi
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 5, 35121 Padova, Italy
| | - Bruno Sarmento
- i3S, Institute for Research and Innovation in Health, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- INEB, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies, CESPU, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Paulo C. Costa
- REQUIMTE/UCIBIO, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB, Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Polytechnic of Porto-School of Engineering, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-83-40-500
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Role of Genital Tract Bacteria in Promoting Endometrial Health in Cattle. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10112238. [DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10112238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbiota regulate endometrial health in cattle. It is important to know what a ‘good’ microbiome is, in order to understand pathogeneses of uterine disease. Given that microbial influx into the genital tract of cows at calving is unavoidable, exploring the involvement of genital tract bacteria in promoting endometrial health is warranted. The dysbiosis of endometrial microbiota is associated with benign and malign uterine diseases. The present review discusses current knowledge about the altered endometrial microbiome and the implications of this modulation on endometrial inflammation, ovarian activity, fecundation, pregnancy, and postpartum complications. Intravaginal administration of symbiotic microbes in cattle is a realistic alternative to antibiotic and hormone therapy to treat uterine disease. Genital microbial diversity can be modeled by nutrition, as the energy balance would improve the growth of specific microbial populations. It may be that probiotics that alter the endometrial microbiome could provide viable alternatives to existing therapies for uterine disease in cattle.
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Santiago-Saenz YO, Monroy-Torres R, Rocha-Amador DO, López-Palestina CU. Fluoride Concentration in Urine after Supplementation with Quelites in a Population of Adolescents. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193071. [PMID: 36230146 PMCID: PMC9563416 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Wild plants have detoxifying and protective properties. They reduce or neutralize the toxic effects caused by chemical agents and pollutants and have beneficial effects on the nutritional and health status. This research was conducted to complement a previous clinical intervention in which participants were exposed to high concentrations of arsenic and fluoride in drinking water to discover similarities or differences in the pattern of fluoride (F−) excretion after supplementation with partial areas of purslane and quelite cenizo (SP-Q). The study was 4 weeks long, and it was carried out on a sample of 27 adolescents in an age range of 11–12 years. Anthropometric and dietary evaluations were performed, and the concentrations of fluoride (F−) in urine and drinking water were quantified using the potentiometric method with an ion-selective electrode. The treated group increased urinary F− excretion after the first week (Baseline: 9.23 mg/g creatinine; Week 2: 0.73 mg/g creatinine), together with significant mobilization of F− and a recovery process at the end of the intervention (Week 4: 0.52 mg/g creatinine). The supplement may act by increasing the excretion of F− and the nutritional dietary conditions that contribute to mitigation and recovery in participants exposed to the contaminant while also managing access to drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yair Olovaldo Santiago-Saenz
- Área Académica de Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, San Agustín Tlaxiaca 42160, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Monroy-Torres
- Laboratorio de Nutrición Ambiental y Seguridad Alimentaria, Departamento de Medicina y Nutrición, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus León, Predio de San Carlos s/n, León 37670, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Correspondence: or
| | - Diana Olivia Rocha-Amador
- Departamento de Farmacia, División de Ciencias Naturales y Exactas, Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus Guanajuato, Guanajuato 36050, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - César Uriel López-Palestina
- Área Académica de Ingeniería Agroindustrial e Ingeniería en Alimentos, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Tulancingo de Bravo 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Escobar-Sáez D, Montero-Jiménez L, García-Herrera P, Sánchez-Mata M. Plant-based drinks for vegetarian or vegan toddlers: Nutritional evaluation of commercial products, and review of health benefits and potential concerns. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111646. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Protective Effect of Ultrasound-Processed Amazonian Sapota-do-Solimões (Quararibea cordata) Juice on Artemia salina Nauplii. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Juice processing by non-thermal technology has been extensively studied, aiming at microbial inactivation and quality improvement. However, the knowledge about the possible toxic effects that those technologies can produce in foodstuffs due to the production of reactive oxygen species is still unknown. In this study, sapota-do-Solimões juice processed by ultrasound (2, 6, and 10 min) was evaluated by a toxicity test and protective effect through stress biomarkers (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and lipid peroxidation) using Artemia salina nauplii. The non-thermal processed juice was nontoxic to A. salina. However, the juice fibers imparted some damage to the animal’s body. The ultrasound-processed juice (2 and 6 min) decreased the A. salina mortality to 30% compared to the control assay with H2O2 where mortality was 80% after 48 h of exposure. However, after 72 h of exposure, the A. salina was entirely degraded by H2O2-induced toxicity. Furthermore, the catalase and superoxide dismutase presented the highest activity after A. salina was exposed to the unprocessed juice. Thus, sapota-do-Solimões juice processed by the ultrasound could promote a protective effect on A. salina, revealing this technology’s potential to enhance juice features without toxicity.
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Phytochemical Characterization, Anti-Oxidant, Anti-Enzymatic and Cytotoxic Effects of Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte Extracts: A New Source of Bioactive Agents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27185886. [PMID: 36144622 PMCID: PMC9500874 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27185886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte is recognized medicinally given its long-standing ethnopharmacological uses in different parts of the world. Nonetheless, the pharmacological properties of the leaves of the plant have been poorly studied by the scientific community. Hence, this study aimed to decipher the phytochemicals; quantify through HPLC-ESI-MS analysis the plant’s biosynthesis; and evaluate the antioxidant, anti-tyrosinase, amylase, glucosidase, cholinesterase, and cytotoxicity potential on normal (NIH 3T3) and human liver and human colon cancer (HepG2 and HT 29) cell lines of this plant species. The aqueous extract contained the highest content of phenolics and phenolic acid, methanol extracted the most flavonoid, and the most flavonol was extracted by ethyl acetate. The one-way ANOVA results demonstrated that all results obtained were statistically significant at p < 0.05. A total of 25 phytoconstituents were identified from the different extracts, with phenolic acids and flavonoids being the main metabolites. The highest antioxidant potential was recorded for the aqueous extract. The best anti-tyrosinase extract was the methanolic extract. The ethyl acetate extract of A. verlotiorum had the highest flavonol content and hence was most active against the cholinesterase enzymes. The ethyl acetate extract was the best α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitor. The samples of Artemisia verlotiorum Lamotte in both aqueous and methanolic extracts were found to be non-toxic after 48 h against NIH 3T3 cells. In HepG2 cells, the methanolic extract was nontoxic up to 125 µg/mL, and an IC50 value of 722.39 µg/mL was recorded. The IC50 value exhibited in methanolic extraction of A. verlotiorum was 792.91 µg/mL in HT29 cells. Methanolic extraction is capable of inducing cell cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma without damaging normal cells. Hence, A. verlotiorum can be recommended for further evaluation of its phytochemical and medicinal properties.
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Moazzen A, Öztinen N, Ak-Sakalli E, Koşar M. Structure-antiradical activity relationships of 25 natural antioxidant phenolic compounds from different classes. Heliyon 2022; 8:e10467. [PMID: 36091954 PMCID: PMC9459676 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e10467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 11 hydroxybenzoic acids, 6 hydroxycinnamic acids, 6 flavonoids, and 2 synthetic phenolic antioxidants were evaluated according to their scavenging capacity and structure relationships. The IC50 was calculated for all compounds and the effects of the concentration of antioxidant and the length of the reaction on antioxidant capacity were taken into consideration. Based on the data of tested phenolics some structure-activity relationships were suggested and discussed in detail. Poor correspondence of the results between ABTS+• and DPPH• assays was attained, indicating that the antioxidant properties of each compound differ with regards to the applied method. Nevertheless, it can be argued that the number of electron-donating substituents (-OH and -OCH3) and their configuration has a significant impact on the antioxidant capacity. Undoubtedly, concerns about the reliability of these assays demand further in-depth investigations to give detailed insight into the structure and antioxidant activity relationships.
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Duman KE, Dogan A, Kaptaner B. Ameliorative role of Cyanus depressus (M.Bieb.) Soják plant extract against diabetes-associated oxidative-stress-induced liver, kidney, and pancreas damage in rats. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14314. [PMID: 35802765 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this original article, we aimed to assess the ameliorative role of Cyanus depressus (CD) plant ethanolic extract treatment of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced liver, kidney, and pancreas damage in rats. The rats were divided into five groups (n = 7): control, CD, Diabetes mellitus (DM), DM + CD, and DM + glibenclamide (Gly). The DM groups were injected with a single dose of 50 mg/kg STZ intraperitoneally (i.p.). While the CD and DM + CD groups received 400 mg/kg/day intragastrically for 21 days, the DM + Gly group received 3 mg/kg/day of Gly intragastrically throughout the experiment. Statistically significance was accepted as p < .05. According to our liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data, quinic acid, cosmosiin, nicotiflorin, apigenin, and protocatechuic acid were the major compounds, in descending order. Weekly blood glucose, serum glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and urea, malondialdehyde (MDA) (liver and pancreas), and blood glycosylated hemoglobin % (HbA1c %) were significantly decreased, whereas finally live body weights (LBWs), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) (pancreas), and pancreatic islet diameter and area were increased significantly in the CD-treated diabetic group. Moreover, CD administration was found to be effective in the protection of the histology of the liver, kidneys, and pancreatic islets in the STZ-induced rats. Consequently, we concluded that CD administration reduces hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, and histopathology in STZ-induced experimental rats by improving antioxidant defenses. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Today, the prevalence of diabetes is increasing rapidly throughout the world and it causes complications such as kidney damage, blindness, amputations, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite medical technological advances, people's interest in medicinal herbal products is gradually increasing. Biochemical and histopathological findings showed that the use of the plant CD at the determined dose (400 mg/kg/day) in rats with DM by STZ had strong antioxidant and antidiabetic effects. CD may have a drug potential in preventing DM and its complications because of its phytochemical content including some phenolic acids such as quinic acid, cosmosiin, nicotiflorin, apigenin, and protocatechuic acid. Isolation of bioactive compounds from CD and investigation of their therapeutic effects could be planned as further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendal Erdem Duman
- Department of Basic Sciences Pharmacy, Institute of Health Sciences, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Abdulahad Dogan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Burak Kaptaner
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Rinaldo D, Sotin H, Pétro D, Le-Bail G, Guyot S. Browning susceptibility of new hybrids of yam (Dioscorea alata) as related to their total phenolic content and their phenolic profile determined using LC-UV-MS. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Understanding the Antinutritional Factors and Bioactive Compounds of Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum) and Little Millet (Panicum sumatrense). J FOOD QUALITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1578448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Kodo and little millet (Kutki) have a variety of phytochemical constituents including derivatives of hydroxybenzoic acid and hydroxycinnamic acids, myricetin, catechin, luteolin, apigenin, daidzein, naringenin, kaempferol, and quercetin with vast health benefits and thus can be utilized as functional food ingredients. Millet-based foods and their food products have physiological and health-promoting impacts, notably antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and cardiovascular disease, and based on the actions of phytochemicals, it plays a major role in the body’s immune system. However, antinutrients (tannins, oxalate, trypsin inhibitor, and phytates) present in these millets restrict their utilization since these factors bind the essential nutrients and make them unavailable. Therefore, this review suggested overcoming the effects of antinutrients in these millets, thereby opening up important applications in food industries that may promote the development of novel functional foods. Various methods were discussed to eliminate the antinutrient factors in these millets, and hence, the review holds immense significance to the food industry for effectively utilizing these millets to develop value-added RTE/RTC products/functional food/beverages.
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Liu R, Xu Y, Zhang T, Gong M, Liu R, Chang M, Wang X. Interactions between liposoluble antioxidants: A critical review. Food Res Int 2022; 155:111104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Atilgan MR, Bayraktar O. Enhancing shelf life and functionality of food matrices by utilization of natural compounds. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Oguz Bayraktar
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering Ege University Izmir Turkey
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Nowicka B. Heavy metal-induced stress in eukaryotic algae-mechanisms of heavy metal toxicity and tolerance with particular emphasis on oxidative stress in exposed cells and the role of antioxidant response. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:16860-16911. [PMID: 35006558 PMCID: PMC8873139 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18419-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals is a collective term describing metals and metalloids with a density higher than 5 g/cm3. Some of them are essential micronutrients; others do not play a positive role in living organisms. Increased anthropogenic emissions of heavy metal ions pose a serious threat to water and land ecosystems. The mechanism of heavy metal toxicity predominantly depends on (1) their high affinity to thiol groups, (2) spatial similarity to biochemical functional groups, (3) competition with essential metal cations, (4) and induction of oxidative stress. The antioxidant response is therefore crucial for providing tolerance to heavy metal-induced stress. This review aims to summarize the knowledge of heavy metal toxicity, oxidative stress and antioxidant response in eukaryotic algae. Types of ROS, their formation sites in photosynthetic cells, and the damage they cause to the cellular components are described at the beginning. Furthermore, heavy metals are characterized in more detail, including their chemical properties, roles they play in living cells, sources of contamination, biochemical mechanisms of toxicity, and stress symptoms. The following subchapters contain the description of low-molecular-weight antioxidants and ROS-detoxifying enzymes, their properties, cellular localization, and the occurrence in algae belonging to different clades, as well as the summary of the results of the experiments concerning antioxidant response in heavy metal-treated eukaryotic algae. Other mechanisms providing tolerance to metal ions are briefly outlined at the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrycze Nowicka
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387, Kraków, Poland.
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Cáceres-Vélez PR, Hui F, Hercus J, Bui B, Jusuf PR. Restoring the oxidative balance in age-related diseases - An approach in glaucoma. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101572. [PMID: 35065274 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As human life expectancy increases, age-related health issues including neurodegenerative diseases continue to rise. Regardless of genetic or environmental factors, many neurodegenerative conditions share common pathological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, a hallmark of many age-related health burdens. In this review, we describe oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in glaucoma, an age-related neurodegenerative eye disease affecting 80 million people worldwide. We consider therapeutic approaches used to counteract oxidative stress in glaucoma, including untapped treatment options such as novel plant-derived antioxidant compounds that can reduce oxidative stress and prevent neuronal loss. We summarize the current pre-clinical models and clinical work exploring the therapeutic potential of a range of candidate plant-derived antioxidant compounds. Finally, we explore advances in drug delivery systems, particular those employing nanotechnology-based carriers which hold significant promise as a carrier for antioxidants to treat age-related disease, thus reviewing the key current state of all of the aspects required towards translation.
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Urbstaite R, Raudone L, Janulis V. Phytogenotypic Anthocyanin Profiles and Antioxidant Activity Variation in Fruit Samples of the American Cranberry ( Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton). Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:250. [PMID: 35204133 PMCID: PMC8868480 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we conducted an analysis of the qualitative and quantitative composition of anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in different cultivars and genetic clones of American cranberries grown in Lithuanian climatic conditions. Four anthocyanin compounds predominated in fruit samples of American cranberry cultivars: cyanidin-3-galactoside, cyanidin-3-arabinoside, peonidin-3-galactoside, and peonidin-3-arabinoside. They accounted for 91.66 ± 2.79% of the total amount of the identified anthocyanins. The total anthocyanin content detected via the pH differential method was found to be by about 1.6 times lower than that detected via the UPLC method. Hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis showed that the 'Woolman' cultivar distinguished from other cranberry cultivars in that its samples contained two times the average total amount of anthocyanins (8.13 ± 0.09 mg/g). The group of American cranberry cultivars 'Howes', 'Le Munyon', and 'BL-8' was found to have higher than average levels of anthocyanidin galactosides (means 3.536 ± 0.05 mg/g), anthocyanidins (means 0.319 ± 0.01 mg/g), and total anthocyanins (means 6.549 ± 0.09 mg/g). The evaluation of the antioxidant effect of cranberry fruit sample extracts showed that the greatest radical scavenging activity of the cranberry fruit extracts was determined in the fruit samples of 'Woolman' (849.75 ± 10.88 µmol TE/g) and the greatest reducing activity was determined in 'Le Munyon' (528.05 ± 12.16 µmol TE/g). The study showed a correlation between the total anthocyanin content and the antiradical and reductive activity of the extracts in vitro (respectively, R = 0.635 and R = 0.507, p < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Urbstaite
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.R.); (V.J.)
| | - Lina Raudone
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.R.); (V.J.)
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutical Research, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50166 Kaunas, Lithuania; (L.R.); (V.J.)
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