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Xiaomei Z, Xiaoyan F. Effect of cinnamon as a Chinese herbal medicine on markers of cardiovascular risk in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2024; 300:253-261. [PMID: 39053085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2024.07.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder in women associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Cinnamon, a Chinese herbal medicine, is known for its anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing properties, making it a potential therapeutic agent for PCOS-related cardiovascular complications. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the impact of cinnamon supplementation on cardiovascular risk markers in women diagnosed with PCOS. METHODS Twelve randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the analysis. The primary outcomes assessed were body weight, insulin resistance measured by Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), and fasting blood sugar (FBS). RESULTS The meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant effect of cinnamon on reducing weight. Under the random-effects model, the pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) was -0.47 kg (95 % CI: -0.80 to -0.15, p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0 %). There was also a beneficial impact on insulin resistance, with reduced HOMA-IR scores following cinnamon supplementation (SMD=0.5015, 95 % CI: 0.2496 to 0.7533, p < 0.0001). Additionally, there was a significant improvement in FBS levels (pooled WMD: -7.72 mg/dL, 95 % CI: -12.33 to -3.12, p < 0.001; I2 = 91.3 %). The meta-analysis indicated a tendency towards reduced total cholesterol (WMD: -11.12 mg/dL, 95 % CI: -19.06 to -3.18, p = 0.01; I2 = 0.0 %) and LDL levels (WMD: -11.11 mg/dL, 95 % CI: -18.22 to -4.00, p < 0.01; I2 = 0.0 %) following cinnamon intervention. Substantial heterogeneity was observed among the studies, indicating the need for further research with larger sample sizes and standardized methodologies. CONCLUSION Cinnamon supplementation demonstrates promising effects on body weight, blood sugar, total cholesterol, LDL, and insulin resistance in women with PCOS, indicating its potential in mitigating cardiovascular risk factors associated with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Xiaomei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ruian People's Hospital (the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Ruian City 325200, China
| | - Fan Xiaoyan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ruian People's Hospital (the Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Ruian City 325200, China.
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Muhammed TM, Jalil AT, Taher WM, Aminov Z, Alsaikhan F, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Ramaiah P, Farhood B. The Effects of Apigenin in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy: A Systematic Review of Non-clinical Studies. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:341-354. [PMID: 38282447 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230811092423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Diabetes is one of the important and growing diseases in the world. Among the most common diabetic complications are renal adverse effects. The use of apigenin may prevent the development and progression of diabetes-related injuries. The current study aims to review the effects of apigenin in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. METHODS In this review, a systematic search was performed based on PRISMA guidelines for obtaining all relevant studies on "the effects of apigenin against diabetic nephropathy" in various electronic databases up to September 2022. Ninety-one articles were obtained and screened in accordance with the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven eligible articles were finally included in this review. RESULTS The experimental findings revealed that hyperglycemia led to the decreased cell viability of kidney cells and body weight loss and an increased kidney weight of rats; however, apigenin administration had a reverse effect on these evaluated parameters. It was also found that hyperglycemia could induce alterations in the biochemical and renal function-related parameters as well as histopathological injuries in kidney cells or tissue; in contrast, the apigenin administration could ameliorate the hyperglycemia-induced renal adverse effects. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the use of apigenin could mitigate diabetes-induced renal adverse effects, mainly through its antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Since the findings of this study are based on experimental studies, suggesting the use of apigenin (as a nephroprotective agent) against diabetic nephropathy requires further clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thikra Majid Muhammed
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Applied Sciences, University of Fallujah, Al-anbar, Iraq
| | - Abduladheem Turki Jalil
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Al-Mustaqbal University College, Babylon, Hilla, 51001, Iraq
| | - Waam Mohammed Taher
- National University of Science and Technology, Thi Qar University, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | - Zafar Aminov
- Department of Public Health and Healthcare management, Samarkand State Medical University, 18 Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
- Department of Scientific Affairs, Tashkent State Dental Institute, 103 Makhtumkuli Str., Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Antioquia, 4440555, Colombia
- Educational Statistics Research Group (GIEE), National University of Education, Cvenca, Ecuador
| | | | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Shaukat A, Zaidi A, Anwar H, Kizilbash N. Mechanism of the antidiabetic action of Nigella sativa and Thymoquinone: a review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1126272. [PMID: 37818339 PMCID: PMC10561288 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1126272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Long used in traditional medicine, Nigella sativa (NS; Ranunculaceae) has shown significant efficacy as an adjuvant therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM) management by improving glucose tolerance, decreasing hepatic gluconeogenesis, normalizing blood sugar and lipid imbalance, and stimulating insulin secretion from pancreatic cells. In this review, the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of NS as a herbal diabetes medication are examined in depth, demonstrating how it counteracts oxidative stress and the onset and progression of DM. Methods This literature review drew on databases such as Google Scholar and PubMed and various gray literature sources using search terms like the etiology of diabetes, conventional versus herbal therapy, subclinical pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, physiology, behavior, and clinical outcomes. Results The efficiency and safety of NS in diabetes, notably its thymoquinone (TQ) rich volatile oil, have drawn great attention from researchers in recent years; the specific therapeutic dose has eluded determination so far. TQ has anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties but has not proved druggable. DM's intimate link with oxidative stress, makes NS therapy relevant since it is a potent antioxidant that energizes the cell's endogenous arsenal of antioxidant enzymes. NS attenuates insulin resistance, enhances insulin signaling, suppresses cyclooxygenase-2, upregulates insulin-like growth factor-1, and prevents endothelial dysfunction in DM. Conclusion The interaction of NS with mainstream drugs, gut microbiota, and probiotics opens new possibilities for innovative therapies. Despite its strong potential to treat DM, NS and TQ must be examined in more inclusive clinical studies targeting underrepresented patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslan Shaukat
- Department of Physiology, Government College University - GCU, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Arsalan Zaidi
- National Probiotic Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College - NIBGE-C, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences - PIEAS, Nilore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Haseeb Anwar
- Department of Physiology, Government College University - GCU, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Kizilbash
- Department Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
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Singh N, Yadav SS. Ethnomedicinal uses of Indian spices used for cancer treatment: A treatise on structure-activity relationship and signaling pathways. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:1845-1872. [PMID: 36276240 PMCID: PMC9579211 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is among the major cause of demise worldwide. Though the array of anticancer chemical medications is available but unfortunately, they are also associated with negative health effects. The invaluable therapeutic potential of spices makes them an integral part of our daily diet. Therefore, the present work focuses on the traditional uses of 46 spices and the phytochemical analysis of 31 spices. Out of them, only 29 spices are explored for their cytotoxicity against different cancer cell lines. The pre-clinical and clinical anticancer studies of spices along with their toxicity, mechanism of actions like Wnt/β-catenin, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), JAK/STAT, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), Notch-mediated pathways and Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) studies were also focused. Curcumin was found as one of the most explored bioactive in every aspect such as in-vitro, in-vivo, clinical as well as SAR anticancer studies while some other bioactive such as 1,8-Cineole, trans-Anethole, Diosgenin, Trigonelline are either unexplored or least explored for their clinical and SAR studies. In fact, traditional medicinal uses of spices also provide solid shreds of evidence for the new leads towards the invention of novel anticancer agents. Therefore, further research can be designed for the anticancer marketed formulation from spices after having their placebo and related toxicological data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Singh
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Surender Singh Yadav
- Department of Botany, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
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Irahal IN, Guenaou I, Lahlou FA, Hmimid F, Bourhim N. Syzygium aromaticum bud (clove) essential oil is a novel and safe aldose reductase inhibitor: in silico, in vitro, and in vivo evidence. Hormones (Athens) 2022; 21:229-240. [PMID: 35212917 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-021-00347-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and antidiabetic properties of clove essential oil (CEO) and to elucidate its mode of action, using selected biochemical targets, relevant to diabetes, and, specifically, its inhibitory effect on the polyol pathway. METHODS In the current study, CEO was examined for its inhibitory effects on aldose reductase in silico, in vitro, and in vivo, as well as its antioxidative activity. RESULTS In silico docking studies showed that all the selected major compounds of CEO have an energy change ranging between - 5.5 and - 8.8 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant ranging between 357.08 nM and 93.12 µM. CEO significantly inhibits aldose reductase with an IC50 value of 58.55 ± 5.84 µg/mL in a noncompetitive manner. The supplementation of CEO at 20 mg/kg BW decreases retinal sorbitol dehydrogenase activity via decreased aldose reductase activity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic Sprague Dawley rats. Moreover, diabetic rats injected with CEO have exhibited improved levels of glycemia. The IC50 values for ABTS, hydroxyl, and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activities of CEO were found to be 34.42, 277.4, and 39.99 µg/mL, respectively. Reducing power assay and phosphomolybdate assay exhibited a reduction force with the A0.5 values of 50.25 and 140.16 µg/mL, respectively. CONCLUSION CEO potentially exerts a beneficial effect on diabetes-related complications due to its antioxidant and inhibitory effect on aldose reductase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Nait Irahal
- Laboratoire Santé Et Environnement, Faculté Des Sciences Ain Chock, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, BP5366 Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ismail Guenaou
- Laboratoire Santé Et Environnement, Faculté Des Sciences Ain Chock, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, BP5366 Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fatima Azzahra Lahlou
- Laboratoire National De Référence, Université Mohammed VI Des Sciences De La Santé Faculté De Médecine, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Fouzia Hmimid
- Laboratoire Santé Et Environnement, Faculté Des Sciences Ain Chock, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, BP5366 Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco
- Biotechnologie, Environnement Et Santé, Faculté Des Sciences El Jadida, Université Chouaïb Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Noureddine Bourhim
- Laboratoire Santé Et Environnement, Faculté Des Sciences Ain Chock, Université Hassan II de Casablanca, BP5366 Maarif, Casablanca, Morocco.
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Castillejos-Mijangos LA, Acosta-Caudillo A, Gallardo-Velázquez T, Osorio-Revilla G, Jiménez-Martínez C. Uses of FT-MIR Spectroscopy and Multivariate Analysis in Quality Control of Coffee, Cocoa, and Commercially Important Spices. Foods 2022; 11:foods11040579. [PMID: 35206058 PMCID: PMC8871480 DOI: 10.3390/foods11040579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, coffee, cocoa, and spices have broad applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to their organoleptic and nutraceutical properties, which have turned them into products of great commercial demand. Consequently, these products are susceptible to fraud and adulteration, especially those sold at high prices, such as saffron, vanilla, and turmeric. This situation represents a major problem for industries and consumers’ health. Implementing analytical techniques, i.e., Fourier transform mid-infrared (FT-MIR) spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis, can ensure the authenticity and quality of these products since these provide unique information on food matrices. The present review addresses FT-MIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis application on coffee, cocoa, and spices authentication and quality control, revealing their potential use and elucidating areas of opportunity for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucero Azusena Castillejos-Mijangos
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Manuel Stampa s/n, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico; (L.A.C.-M.); (A.A.-C.); (G.O.-R.)
| | - Aracely Acosta-Caudillo
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Manuel Stampa s/n, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico; (L.A.C.-M.); (A.A.-C.); (G.O.-R.)
| | - Tzayhrí Gallardo-Velázquez
- Departamento de Biofísica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Col. Santo Tomás, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 11340, Mexico
- Correspondence: (T.G.-V.); or (C.J.-M.); Tel.: +52-(55)-5729-6000 (ext. 62305) (T.G.-V.); +52-(55)-5729-6000 (ext. 57871) (C.J.-M.)
| | - Guillermo Osorio-Revilla
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Manuel Stampa s/n, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico; (L.A.C.-M.); (A.A.-C.); (G.O.-R.)
| | - Cristian Jiménez-Martínez
- Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Wilfrido Massieu Esq. Cda. Manuel Stampa s/n, Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de Mexico C.P. 07738, Mexico; (L.A.C.-M.); (A.A.-C.); (G.O.-R.)
- Correspondence: (T.G.-V.); or (C.J.-M.); Tel.: +52-(55)-5729-6000 (ext. 62305) (T.G.-V.); +52-(55)-5729-6000 (ext. 57871) (C.J.-M.)
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Przeor M. Some Common Medicinal Plants with Antidiabetic Activity, Known and Available in Europe (A Mini-Review). Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15010065. [PMID: 35056122 PMCID: PMC8778315 DOI: 10.3390/ph15010065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease that affected 9.3% of adults worldwide in 2019. Its co-occurrence is suspected to increase mortality from COVID-19. The treatment of diabetes is mainly based on the long-term use of pharmacological agents, often expensive and causing unpleasant side effects. There is an alarming increase in the number of pharmaceuticals taken in Europe. The aim of this paper is to concisely collect information concerning the few antidiabetic or hypoglycaemic raw plant materials that are present in the consciousness of Europeans and relatively easily accessible to them on the market and sometimes even grown on European plantations. The following raw materials are discussed in this mini-review: Morus alba L., Cinnamomum zeylanicum J.Presl, Trigonella foenum-graecum L., Phaseolus vulgaris L., Zingiber officinale Rosc., and Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer in terms of scientifically tested antidiabetic activity and the presence of characteristic biologically active compounds and their specific properties, including antioxidant properties. The characteristics of these raw materials are based on in vitro as well as in vivo studies: on animals and in clinical studies. In addition, for each plant, the possibility to use certain morphological elements in the light of EFSA legislation is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Przeor
- Department of Gastronomy Science and Functional Foods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland
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Shawki HA, Abo-hashem EM, Youssef MM, Shahin M, Elzehery R. PPARɣ2, aldose reductase, and TCF7L2 gene polymorphisms: relation to diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:241-250. [PMID: 35673413 PMCID: PMC9167404 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-021-00963-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a growing global health concern. Genetic factors play a pivotal role in the development of diabetes. Therefore, the present work aimed to study the relation between peroxisome proliferator-activate receptors (PPARɣ2) (rs3856806), aldose reductase (AR) (rs759853), transcription factor 7 like 2 (TCF7L2) (rs7903146) gene polymorphism with diabetes in the Egyptian population. Methods The study included 260 diabetics and 120 healthy subjects. Genotyping was done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results Regression analysis revealed that PPARɣ2 TT, TCF7L2 TT were suggested to be independent risk predictors for T1DM and TCF7L2 TC, CC genotype were suggested to be independent protective factors against T1DM development. On the other hand, PPARɣ2 TT, AR TT genotypes were suggested to be independent risk predictors for T2DM susceptibility, and PPARɣ2 CT genotypes were suggested to be independent protective factors against T2DM development. Conclusion The present study revealed that PPARγ2 (rs3856806), TCF7L2 (rs7903146) and AR (rs759853) gene polymorphism may play an important role in the susceptibility of diabetes. Therefore, these polymorphisms may have a prognostic value for diabetes in the Egyptian population. Further work is required to confirm the role of these polymorphisms in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel Ahmed Shawki
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt ,grid.10251.370000000103426662Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ekbal M. Abo-hashem
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Magdy M. Youssef
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Maha Shahin
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Mansoura Ophthalmic Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elzehery
- grid.10251.370000000103426662Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Lai W, Yang S, Lin X, Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhou J, Fu C, Li R, Zhang Z. Zingiber officinale: A Systematic Review of Botany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacology of Gut Microbiota-Related Gastrointestinal Benefits. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2022; 50:1007-1042. [PMID: 35729087 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x22500410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) is a traditional edible medicinal herb with a wide range of uses and long cultivation history. Fresh ginger (Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma; Sheng Jiang in Chinese, SJ) and dried ginger (Zingiberis Rhizoma; Gan Jiang in Chinese, GJ) are designated as two famous traditional Chinese herbal medicines, which are different in plant cultivation, appearances and functions, together with traditional applications. Previous researches mainly focused on the differences in chemical composition between them, but there was no systematical comparison on the similarity concerning research achievements of the two herbs. Meanwhile, ginger has traditionally been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, but so far, the possible interaction with human gut microbiota has hardly been considered. This review comprehensively presents similarities and differences between SJ and GJ retrospectively, particularly proposing them the significant differences in botany, phytochemistry and ethnopharmacology, which can be used as evidence for clinical application of SJ and GJ. Furthermore, the pharmacology of gut microbiota-related gastrointestinal benefits has also been discussed in order to explore better ways to prevent and treat gastrointestinal disorders, which can be used as a reference for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Shasha Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xia Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Xing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - You Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Jingwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Control and Efficacy Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules, Sichuan New Green Medicine Science and Technology Development Co., Ltd., Pengzhou 610081, P. R. China
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Sathiyaseelan A, Park S, Saravanakumar K, Mariadoss AVA, Wang MH. Evaluation of phytochemicals, antioxidants, and antidiabetic efficacy of various solvent fractions of Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Voica C, Nechita C, Iordache AM, Roba C, Zgavarogea R, Ionete RE. ICP-MS Assessment of Essential and Toxic Trace Elements in Foodstuffs with Different Geographic Origins Available in Romanian Supermarkets. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26237081. [PMID: 34885663 PMCID: PMC8658825 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to quantify the daily intake and target hazard quotient of four essential elements, namely, chromium, cobalt, nickel, and copper, and four toxic trace elements, mercury, cadmium, lead, and arsenic. Thirty food items were assigned to five food categories (seeds, leaves, powders, beans, and fruits) and analyzed using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Factor analysis after principal component extraction revealed common metal patterns in all foodstuffs, and using hierarchical cluster analysis, an association map was created to illustrate their similarity. The results indicate that the internationally recommended dietary allowance was exceeded for Cu and Cr in 27 and 29 foodstuffs, respectively. According to the tolerable upper level for Ni and Cu, everyday consumption of these elements through repeated consumption of seeds (fennel, opium poppy, and cannabis) and fruits (almond) can have adverse health effects. Moreover, a robust correlation between Cu and As (p < 0.001) was established when all samples were analyzed. Principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated an association between Pb, As, Co, and Ni in one group and Cr, Cu, Hg, and Cd in a second group, comprising 56.85% of the total variance. For all elements investigated, the cancer risk index was within safe limits, highlighting that lifetime consumption does not increase the risk of carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cezara Voica
- National Institute for Research and Development of Isotopic and Molecular Technologies, 67-103 Donat Str., 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Constantin Nechita
- National Research and Development Institute for Forestry “Marin Drăcea”—INCDS, 725100 Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Romania
- Correspondence: (C.N.); (A.M.I.); (R.Z.)
| | - Andreea Maria Iordache
- National Research and Development Institute of Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei Str., 240050 Rm. Valcea, Romania;
- Correspondence: (C.N.); (A.M.I.); (R.Z.)
| | - Carmen Roba
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Str., 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ramona Zgavarogea
- National Research and Development Institute of Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei Str., 240050 Rm. Valcea, Romania;
- Correspondence: (C.N.); (A.M.I.); (R.Z.)
| | - Roxana Elena Ionete
- National Research and Development Institute of Cryogenics and Isotopic Technologies—ICSI Rm. Valcea, 4 Uzinei Str., 240050 Rm. Valcea, Romania;
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Salles BCC, Leme KC, da Silva MA, da Rocha CQ, Tangerina MMP, Vilegas W, Figueiredo SA, Duarte SMDS, Rodrigues MR, de Araújo Paula FB. Protective effect of flavonoids from Passiflora edulis Sims on diabetic complications in rats. J Pharm Pharmacol 2021; 73:1361-1368. [PMID: 33772554 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of flavonoids present in leaves of Passiflora edulis fruit on complications induced by diabetes in rats. METHODS The extract of P. edulis leaf was obtained by 70% ethanol maceration. From the dry extract, the fractions were obtained by consecutive liquid-liquid partition with hexane, ethyl acetate and n-butanol. The content of isoorientin of ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions was determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray and triple quadrupole ionization (TQD) analysis in tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Tq-MS). Only Fr-BuOH was used to treat diabetic or not Wistar rats. Biochemical parameters, platelet aggregation and production of reactive species were evaluated. KEY FINDINGS The UPLC-ESI-Tq-MS analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids, among which we identified five possible flavonoids c-heterosides (luteolin-7-O-pyranosyl-3-O-glucoside, apigenin-6-8-di-C-glycoside, apigenin-6-C-arabinoside-8-C-glycoside, isoorientin, isovitexin). The diabetic rats (treated intraperitoneally with alloxan, 150 mg/kg) treated with Fr-BuOH (20 mg/kg/day for 90 days) presented improvement in blood glucose, serum levels of fructosamine, lipid profile and urea. Furthermore, the Fr-BuOH reduced both platelet aggregation and the production of oxidant species in diabetic animals. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that flavonoid C-glycosides present in the Fr-BuOH may be beneficial for the diabetic state, preventing complications induced by diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno César Correa Salles
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Krissia Caroline Leme
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Aparecido da Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo M P Tangerina
- Institute of Biosciences, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Vicente, Brazil
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner Vilegas
- Institute of Biosciences, Coastal Campus of São Vicente, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São Vicente, Brazil
| | - Sônia A Figueiredo
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Stella Maris da Silveira Duarte
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Maria Rita Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Borges de Araújo Paula
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil
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13
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Jahanbakhshi A, Abbaspour-Gilandeh Y, Heidarbeigi K, Momeny M. Detection of fraud in ginger powder using an automatic sorting system based on image processing technique and deep learning. Comput Biol Med 2021; 136:104764. [PMID: 34426164 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Ginger is a well-known product in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Ginger is one of the spices which are adulterated for economic gain. The lack of marketability of grade 3 chickpeas (small and broken chickpeas) and their very low price have made them a good choice to be mixed with ginger in powder form and sold in the market. Demand for non-destructive methods of measuring food quality, such as machine vision and the growing need for food and spices, were the main motives to conduct this study. This study classified ginger powder images to detect fraud by improving convolutional neural networks (CNN) through a gated pooling function. The main approach to improving CNN is to use a pooling function that combines average pooling and max pooling. The Batch normalization (BN) technique is used in CNN to improve classification results. We show empirically that the combining operation used increases the accuracy of ginger powder classification compared to the baseline pooling method. For this purpose, 3360 image samples of ginger powder were prepared in 7 categories (pure ginger powder, chickpea powder, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% fraud in ginger powder). Moreover, MLP, Fuzzy, SVM, GBT, and EDT algorithms were used to compare the proposed CNN results with other classifiers. The results showed that using batch normalization based on gated pooling, the proposed CNN was able to grade the images of ginger powder with 99.70% accuracy compared to other classifiers. Therefore, it can be said that the CNN method and image processing technique effectively increase marketability, prevent ginger powder fraud, and promote traditional methods of ginger powder fraud detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Jahanbakhshi
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| | | | | | - Mohammad Momeny
- Department of Computer Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
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14
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György É, Laslo É, Antal M, András CD. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the allochthonous bacteria isolated from commercially available spices. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4550-4560. [PMID: 34401102 PMCID: PMC8358356 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Spices are often used in dried form, sometimes with significant microbial contamination including pathogenic and food spoilage bacteria. The antibiotic resistance represents an additional risk for food industry, and it is worthy of special attention as spices are important food additives. During our work, we examined the microbiological quality of 50 different spices with cultivation methods on diverse selective media. The identification of the most representative bacteria was carried out using 16S rDNA gene sequence analysis. Antibiotic resistance profiling of twelve identified Bacillus species (B. subtilis subsp. stercoris BCFK, B. licheniformis BCLS, B. siamensis SZBC, B. zhangzhouensis BCTA, B. altitudinis SALKÖ, B. velezensis CVBC, B. cereus SALÖB isolate, B. tequilensis KOPS, B. filamentosus BMBC, B. subtilis subsp. subtilis PRBC2, B. safensis BMPS, and B. mojavensis BCFK2 isolate) was performed using the standard disk-diffusion method against 32 antibiotics. The study showed that the majority resistance was obtained against penicillin G (100%), oxacillin (91.67%), amoxyclav (91.67%), rifampicin (75%), and azithromycin (75%). Our findings suggest that spices harbor multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva György
- Department of Food ScienceFaculty of Economics, Socio‐Human Sciences and EngineeringSapientia Hungarian University of TransylvaniaMiercurea CiucRomania
| | - Éva Laslo
- Department of BioengineeringFaculty of Economics, Socio‐Human Sciences and EngineeringSapientia Hungarian University of TransylvaniaMiercurea CiucRomania
| | - Márta Antal
- Department of Food ScienceFaculty of Economics, Socio‐Human Sciences and EngineeringSapientia Hungarian University of TransylvaniaMiercurea CiucRomania
| | - Csaba Dezső András
- Department of Food ScienceFaculty of Economics, Socio‐Human Sciences and EngineeringSapientia Hungarian University of TransylvaniaMiercurea CiucRomania
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15
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Suttisansanee U, Thiyajai P, Chalermchaiwat P, Wongwathanarat K, Pruesapan K, Charoenkiatkul S, Temviriyanukul P. Phytochemicals and In Vitro Bioactivities of Aqueous Ethanolic Extracts from Common Vegetables in Thai Food. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081563. [PMID: 34451608 PMCID: PMC8400534 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading global cause of death. The World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed the consumption of fruits and vegetables because they are rich in phytochemicals that sustainably ameliorate the occurrence of NCDs. Thai food contains many spices and vegetables with recognized health benefits. Quality control of plant samples encountered a bottleneck in the field and comparative studies of plant control origins including species or cultivar identification, growing area and appropriate harvesting time are limited. To address this issue, all plant samples used in this study were cultivated and controlled by the Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Thailand. The samples were phytochemically screened and determined their health-promoting bioactivities via antioxidant activities and inhibition of NCD-related enzymes including lipase (obesity), α-amylase and α-glucosidase (diabetes), angiotensin-converting enzyme (hypertension), as well as acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and β-secretase (Alzheimer’s disease). The non-enzymatic reaction toward glycation was also evaluated. The results showed that Senegalia pennata subsp. insuavis (Lace) Maslin, Seigler & Ebinger, Citrus hystrix DC. and Solanum melongena ‘Kermit’ extracts exhibited high antioxidant activities. Moreover, Citrus hystrix DC. extract was a potent inhibitor against lipase, angiotensin-converting enzyme and butyrylcholinesterase, while Coriandrum sativum L. and Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. were potent anti-diabetic agents and Senegalia pennata subsp. insuavis (Lace) Maslin, and Seigler & Ebinger was a potent anti-glycation agent. Our data provide a comparative analysis of ten vegetables to encourage healthy food consumption and development to control NCDs in Thailand in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uthaiwan Suttisansanee
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (U.S.); (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Parunya Thiyajai
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (U.S.); (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
| | - Parisut Chalermchaiwat
- Food and Nutrition Program, Department of Home Economics, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Khanitha Wongwathanarat
- Biotechnology Research and Development Office, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Kanchana Pruesapan
- Plant Varieties Protection Division, Department of Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Somsri Charoenkiatkul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (U.S.); (P.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Piya Temviriyanukul
- Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand; (U.S.); (P.T.); (S.C.)
- Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-(0)-2800-2380 (ext. 326)
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16
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Banerjee S, Katiyar P, Kumar L, Kumar V, Saini SS, Krishnan V, Sircar D, Roy P. Black pepper prevents anemia of inflammation by inhibiting hepcidin over-expression through BMP6-SMAD1/ IL6-STAT3 signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 168:189-202. [PMID: 33771600 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hepcidin, a circulatory hepatic peptide hormone, is associated with systemic iron homeostasis. Inflammation leads to an increase in hepcidin expression, which dysregulates body iron level. The related disorder, anemia of inflammation, is the second most prevalent anemia-related disorder worldwide. In the present study, we conducted in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the effect of black pepper (BP) and its major bioactive alkaloid, piperine, on anemia of inflammation. The initial in vitro study using human hepatocyte cell line, HepG2, confirmed that among different black pepper extracts: methanol (BPME), ethanol (BPEE) and aqueous (BPAE), BPME to be most effective in downregulating transcription of hepcidin gene. Further, BPME and piperine significantly downregulated hepcidin protein expression at 200 μg/ml and 100 μM concentrations, respectively. In the next phase, BPME and piperine were found to significantly attenuate BMP-6 and IL-6 induced hepcidin overexpression by downregulating the increased level of pSMAD1 and pSTAT3 proteins, respectively. For in vivo study, we first subcutaneously injected male BALB/c mice with oil of turpentine, thrice within a period of two weeks, in order to enhance the expression of hepcidin. After that, the intraperitoneal administration of BPME and piperine at 70 and 25 mg/kg body weight, respectively, on alternate days for a period of another two weeks resulted in downregulation of hepcidin overexpression in diseased mice, as confirmed by RT-PCR and immunoblot analysis. The histopathology of liver tissue confirmed increased iron bioavailability in BPME and piperine treated animals. The molecular docking-based interaction studies demonstrated the binding potential of piperine with SMAD1 and STAT3 proteins. The binding patterns supported the proposed inhibition of hepcidin activating proteins. All together, these findings suggest black pepper as a therapeutic candidate for the treatment of anemia of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somesh Banerjee
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Parul Katiyar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Lokesh Kumar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Laboratory of Structural Microbiology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Shashank Sagar Saini
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Vengadesan Krishnan
- Laboratory of Structural Microbiology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India.
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
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17
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Farooq A, Kumar U, Uddin JBG, Rashid MHU, Gilani MM, Farooq TH, Shakoor A, Ahmad M. Climatological and social fallacies about COVID-19 pandemic. ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY (SINGAPORE) 2021; 4:579-584. [PMID: 38624610 PMCID: PMC8136260 DOI: 10.1007/s42398-021-00175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has emerged as a major global challenge since 2019. With the fast rise in the infected cases and deaths worldwide, many environmental and climate-related myths and fallacies spreaded fast. These fallacies include virus cannot spread in hot and humid conditions, cold weather can inhibit the virus, drinking hot water and sunlight can help cure the COVID-19, ultraviolet (UV) disinfectant lamps and UV rays from sunlight can kill the virus, use of hairdryers and hot showers for virus prevention, etc. Social norms and mindset of the people in the world towards a pandemic are quite similar. The primary purpose of this article is to enlighten the readers regarding these climatological misconceptions and social fallacies, helping spread proper knowledge and manage the outbreak of this deadly pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab Pakistan
| | - Uttam Kumar
- College of Plant Protection, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People’s Republic of China
| | - Junaite Bin Gais Uddin
- Center for Molecular Cell and Systems Biology, College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fujian 350002 Fuzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Haroon U. Rashid
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People’s Republic of China
| | - Matoor Mohsin Gilani
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People’s Republic of China
| | - Taimoor Hassan Farooq
- College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004 Hunan People’s Republic of China
| | - Awais Shakoor
- Department of Environment and Soil Sciences, University of Lleida, Avinguda Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Matloob Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab Pakistan
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18
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Banerjee S, Katiyar P, Kumar V, Saini SS, Varshney R, Krishnan V, Sircar D, Roy P. Black pepper and piperine induce anticancer effects on leukemia cell line. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:169-182. [PMID: 33884168 PMCID: PMC8045589 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The black pepper, most commonly used in Indian cuisines for ages, is considered as "king of spices." The present study evaluates the anticancer potential of black pepper and its main constituent, i.e. alkaloid piperine, against human leukemia cell line, K-562 cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis confirmed the presence of piperine in black pepper extract. The methanolic extract of black pepper (BP-M) and pure piperine (PIP) showed a strong cytotoxic effect against this cell line. Both BP-M and PIP generated apoptotic bodies in K-562 cells and caused nuclear condensation as visualized by fluorescent microscopy, which was further confirmed by flow cytometry analysis. BP-M and PIP also generated reactive oxygen species in K-562 cells as established by flow cytometry. The translation of Bax, caspase-3 and caspase-9 genes was found to be upregulated with subsequent downregulation of Bcl-2 gene. The anti-proliferative effect of both BP-M and PIP was also observed by trypan blue staining and was further confirmed by the downregulated expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The molecular docking studies showed the binding of PIP with PCNA and Bcl-2 and supported the in vitro findings. The docking studies also proposed the binding of PIP to ADP binding pocket of Apaf-1 protein. Taken together, these findings signify the anticancer potential of both black pepper and PIP, thus proposing black pepper as a potent nutraceutical for preventing the progression of chronic myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somesh Banerjee
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Parul Katiyar
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Laboratory of Structural Microbiology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Shashank Sagar Saini
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ritu Varshney
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vengadesan Krishnan
- Laboratory of Structural Microbiology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Debabrata Sircar
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
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19
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Saxena S, Kumar S, Hajare SN, Gupta S, Gautam S, Ghosh SK. 'BhAVI-23'-A spice-herb based dietary infusion possessing in-vitro anti-viral potential. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2021; 12:312-319. [PMID: 33413968 PMCID: PMC7783457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Viruses cause many life threatening human diseases. Recently, COVID-19 pandemic has challenged the health care systems worldwide. As a disease preventive approach and to bring relief to the severity of the symptoms, a infusion termed as Bhabha Anti-Viral Infusion-23 (‘BhAVI-23’) was conceptualized and formulated which comprised of 23 selected spices and herbals. Objective The present study was conducted to assess the in vitro antiviral potential of the formulation, BhaAVI-23. Material and methods The in-vitro anti-viral potential of BhAVI-23 was assessed through inhibition of HIV1 reverse transcriptase (RT) as well as through a novel P1 (virulent) bacteriphage based screening assay system. Anti-diabetic potential was assessed by non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin and the bioactive volatile components were detected through headspace gas chromatography followed by molecular docking analysis. Results The infusion displayed prominent anti-viral activity as evident from significant (57%) inhibition of the HIV1-RT as well as through reduction in the infectivity of P1 (virulent) bacteriophage. The infusion also exerted profound protection (∼64%) to non-enzymatic glycosylation of haemoglobin. Headspace gas chromatography and mass spectrometric analysis confirmed the presence of at least 47 major compounds. Docking analysis indicated possible interaction of α-pinene and eugenol with SARS-CoV spike protein. Conclusion This ‘BhAVI-23’ infusion displayed prominent in-vitro anti-viral and anti-diabetic potential in different model systems. These attributes have relevance as diabetic patients are more prone to COVID-19 morbidity. ‘BhAVI-23’ opens the avenue for its potential inclusion as a supportive health care system upon due regulatory approval during the current pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Saxena
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sachin N Hajare
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Sumit Gupta
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Satyendra Gautam
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India.
| | - Sunil K Ghosh
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
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Semwal DK, Kumar A, Aswal S, Chauhan A, Semwal RB. Protective and therapeutic effects of natural products against diabetes mellitus via regenerating pancreatic β-cells and restoring their dysfunction. Phytother Res 2020; 35:1218-1229. [PMID: 32987447 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a growing public health concern and an increasing interest has been raised to search for new compounds with therapeutic effects on β-cells. There are chronic insulin resistance and loss of β-cell mass in the case of type-2 diabetes which covers about 90% of total diabetic patients. This work aims to critically review the protective and regenerative effects of various antidiabetic natural products on pancreatic β-cells. A thorough literature survey was conducted on the natural molecules and extracts having a protective, regenerative, and repairing effect on β-cells. The primary source of the literature was online scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. Besides, selected relevant textbooks were also consulted. Various natural molecules including berberine, curcumin, mangiferin, stevioside and capsaicin, and extracts obtained from the plants like Capsicum annum, Gymnema sylvestre, Stevia rebaudiana and Nymphaea stellate, were found to produce regenerative and anti-apoptosis effects on β-cells. These natural products were also found to increase insulin secretion by stimulating β-cells. The present review concluded that a large number of molecules and extracts, abundantly found in nature, possess antidiabetic effect via targeting β-cells. Further research is warranted to use these agents as a drug against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Kumar Semwal
- Department of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun, India
| | - Sonali Aswal
- Research and Development Centre, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ashutosh Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Uttarakhand Ayurved University, Dehradun, India
| | - Ruchi Badoni Semwal
- Department of Chemistry, Pt. Lalit Mohan Sharma Government Postgraduate College, Rishikesh, India
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