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Dolphen R, Treesubsuntorn C, Kanjanapokin C, Chonjoho N, Anusaraporn S, Julpanwattana P, Praditsmanont A. Exploring bioluminescence in Aglaonema: Investigating Vibrio campbellii translocation and plant responses under CaCl₂ stimulation. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 257:119414. [PMID: 38871271 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The feasibility of creating light-emitting plants by immobilizing Vibrio campbellii RMT1 on the rhizospheric zone of Aglaonema sp. 'Banlangngoen' was investigated in depth, including bacteria translocation and plant response. Results from scanning electron microscope showed that an inorganic salt-containing medium affected the root. However, transmission electron microscope results displayed bacteria translocation through the root to the leaf and colonized in the cytosol of vascular tissues. Bacteria cell counts exhibited high colonization in the root zone, approximately 3.65 × 106 CFU/mL, resulting in a light-emitting intensity increase of 23.68-fold higher than the control after the first week. Nevertheless, light microscope revealed that inorganic salts in the culture medium led to enlarged air spaces, resulting in leaf and stalk withering. Notably, spraying plants with calcium chloride (CaCl2) solution effectively mitigated salt stress, activated luminescence, and facilitated bacterial movement from roots to leaves. Additionally, CaCl2 contributed to ongoing salinity reduction in the culture medium, as evidenced by reduced malondialdehyde levels, alongside increased indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid concentrations, indicating plant defense responses. The interaction between plants and luminescent bacteria demonstrated the potential for producing glowing plants following CaCl2 application, addressing salinity stress, enhancing luminescence, and maintaining plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujira Dolphen
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand.
| | - Chairat Treesubsuntorn
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Chutipa Kanjanapokin
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Nattida Chonjoho
- School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Siraphatsorn Anusaraporn
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, 10150, Thailand
| | - Panpisu Julpanwattana
- Research and Innovation for Sustainability Center (RISC), Magnolia Quality Development Corporation Limited (MQDC), Thailand
| | - Apichat Praditsmanont
- Research and Innovation for Sustainability Center (RISC), Magnolia Quality Development Corporation Limited (MQDC), Thailand
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Li F, Sun A, Jiao X, Yu DT, Ren P, Wu BX, He P, Bi L, He JZ, Hu HW. Nitrogenous fertilizer plays a more important role than cultivars in shaping sorghum-associated microbiomes. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 943:173831. [PMID: 38866152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The plant microbiome plays a crucial role in facilitating plant growth through enhancing nutrient cycling, acquisition and transport, as well as alleviating stresses induced by nutrient limitations. Despite its significance, the relative importance of common agronomic practices, such as nitrogenous fertilizer, in shaping the plant microbiome across different cultivars remains unclear. This study investigated the dynamics of bacterial and fungal communities in leaf, root, rhizosphere, and bulk soil in response to nitrogenous fertilizer across ten sorghum varieties, using 16S rRNA and ITS gene amplicon sequencing, respectively. Our results revealed that nitrogen addition had a greater impact on sorghum-associated microbial communities compared to cultivar. Nitrogen addition significantly reduced bacterial diversity in all compartments except for the root endophytes. However, N addition significantly increased fungal diversity in both rhizosphere and bulk soils, while significantly reducing fungal diversity in the root endophytes. Furthermore, N addition significantly altered the community composition of bacteria and fungi in all four compartments, while cultivars only affected the community composition of root endosphere bacteria and fungi. Network analysis revealed that fertilization significantly reduced microbial network complexity and increased fungal-related network complexity. Collectively, this study provides empirical evidence that sorghum-associated microbiomes are predominantly shaped by nitrogenous fertilizer rather than by cultivars, suggesting that consistent application of nitrogenous fertilizer will ultimately alter plant-associated microbiomes regardless of cultivar selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Anqi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Ningbo Urban Environment Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiao
- College of Resources and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Dan-Ting Yu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Peixin Ren
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bing-Xue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Processes of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Li Bi
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Hu Y, Meng FL, Zhao JH, Sheng GP. Environmental microbes alleviate antibiotic disturbance on plant endophytes in aquatic microcosms: Prospects for conferring fitness benefits. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 262:122112. [PMID: 39047453 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic pollution in water environment is an emerging threat to plant health. Developing efficient strategies to reassemble the antibiotic-tolerating endophytes will confer fitness benefits on host plants to alleviate antibiotic stress. Here, introducing environmental microbes was proved as a promising approach to reshape the antibiotic-tolerating plant endophytes under antibiotic stress in aquatic microcosms. The introduction of environmental microbes effectively relieved antibiotic-driven perturbation on plant endophytes, with reduced changes in bacterial diversity and differential bacterial taxa and functional genes. Moreover, introducing environmental microbes facilitated the enrichment of endophytic bacterial genera and functional genes related to drug metabolism, which possessed the potentials to degrade antibiotics. In addition, environmental microbes boosted antibiotic-reshaped endophytes to form more stable bacterial networks for stronger antibiotic tolerance. In consequence, the decreased growth inhibition of antibiotics on host plants and enhanced antibiotic removal from microcosms were achieved by introducing environmental microbes. These findings pursue environmental microbes as practical resources to assist plants in reshaping the stress-alleviating endophytes, potentially improving plant tolerance to water pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Fan-Li Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Jia-Heng Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Guo-Ping Sheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
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4
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Li Y, Zhang K, Chen J, Zhang L, Feng F, Cheng J, Ma L, Li M, Wang Y, Jiang W, Yu X. Rhizosphere Bacteria Help to Compensate for Pesticide-Induced Stress in Plants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:12542-12553. [PMID: 38967661 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Although exogenous chemicals frequently exhibit a biphasic response in regulating plant growth, characterized by low-dose stimulation and high-dose inhibition, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the compensatory function of rhizosphere microbiota in assisting plants to withstand pesticide stress. It was observed that pak choi plants, in response to foliar-spraying imidacloprid at both low and high doses, could increase the total number of rhizosphere bacteria and enrich numerous beneficial bacteria. These bacteria have capabilities for promoting plant growth and degrading the pesticide, such as Nocardioides, Brevundimonas, and Sphingomonas. The beneficial bacterial communities were recruited by stressed plants through increasing the release of primary metabolites in root exudates, such as amino acids, fatty acids, and lysophosphatidylcholines. At low doses of pesticide application, the microbial compensatory effect overcame pesticide stress, leading to plant growth promotion. However, with high doses of pesticide application, the microbial compensatory effect was insufficient to counteract pesticide stress, resulting in plant growth inhibition. These findings pave the way for designing improved pesticide application strategies and contribute to a better understanding of how rhizosphere microbiota can be used as an eco-friendly approach to mitigate chemical-induced stress in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Kaiwei Zhang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Leigang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Fayun Feng
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Jinjin Cheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Liya Ma
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Wayne Jiang
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, 288 Farm Lane, Room 243, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Xiangyang Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
- Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, 50 Kaifang Avenue, Yancheng 224000, China
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5
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Alam M, Pandit B, Moin A, Iqbal UN. Invisible Inhabitants of Plants and a Sustainable Planet: Diversity of Bacterial Endophytes and their Potential in Sustainable Agriculture. Indian J Microbiol 2024; 64:343-366. [PMID: 39011025 PMCID: PMC11246410 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-024-01225-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Uncontrolled usage of chemical fertilizers, climate change due to global warming, and the ever-increasing demand for food have necessitated sustainable agricultural practices. Removal of ever-increasing environmental pollutants, treatment of life-threatening diseases, and control of drug-resistant pathogens are also the need of the present time to maintain the health and hygiene of nature, as well as human beings. Research on plant-microbe interactions is paving the way to ameliorate all these sustainably. Diverse bacterial endophytes inhabiting the internal tissues of different parts of the plants promote the growth and development of their hosts by different mechanisms, such as through nutrient acquisition, phytohormone production and modulation, protection from biotic or abiotic challenges, assisting in flowering and root development, etc. Notwithstanding, efficient exploitation of endophytes in human welfare is hindered due to scarce knowledge of the molecular aspects of their interactions, community dynamics, in-planta activities, and their actual functional potential. Modern "-omics-based" technologies and genetic manipulation tools have empowered scientists to explore the diversity, dynamics, roles, and functional potential of endophytes, ultimately empowering humans to better use them in sustainable agricultural practices, especially in future harsh environmental conditions. In this review, we have discussed the diversity of bacterial endophytes, factors (biotic as well as abiotic) affecting their diversity, and their various plant growth-promoting activities. Recent developments and technological advancements for future research, such as "-omics-based" technologies, genetic engineering, genome editing, and genome engineering tools, targeting optimal utilization of the endophytes in sustainable agricultural practices, or other purposes, have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masrure Alam
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
| | - Baishali Pandit
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
- Department of Botany, Surendranath College, 24/2 MG Road, Kolkata, West Bengal 700009 India
| | - Abdul Moin
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
| | - Umaimah Nuzhat Iqbal
- Microbial Ecology and Physiology Lab, Department of Biological Sciences, Aliah University, IIA/27 New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal 700160 India
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Saadaoui M, Faize M, Rifai A, Tayeb K, Omri Ben Youssef N, Kharrat M, Roeckel-Drevet P, Chaar H, Venisse JS. Evaluation of Tunisian wheat endophytes as plant growth promoting bacteria and biological control agents against Fusarium culmorum. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300791. [PMID: 38758965 PMCID: PMC11101125 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) applications have emerged as an ideal substitute for synthetic chemicals by their ability to improve plant nutrition and resistance against pathogens. In this study, we isolated fourteen root endophytes from healthy wheat roots cultivated in Tunisia. The isolates were identified based from their 16S rRNA gene sequences. They belonged to Bacillota and Pseudomonadota taxa. Fourteen strains were tested for their growth-promoting and defense-eliciting potentials on durum wheat under greenhouse conditions, and for their in vitro biocontrol power against Fusarium culmorum, an ascomycete responsible for seedling blight, foot and root rot, and head blight diseases of wheat. We found that all the strains improved shoot and/or root biomass accumulation, with Bacillus mojavensis, Paenibacillus peoriae and Variovorax paradoxus showing the strongest promoting effects. These physiological effects were correlated with the plant growth-promoting traits of the bacterial endophytes, which produced indole-related compounds, ammonia, and hydrogen cyanide (HCN), and solubilized phosphate and zinc. Likewise, plant defense accumulations were modulated lastingly and systematically in roots and leaves by all the strains. Testing in vitro antagonism against F. culmorum revealed an inhibition activity exceeding 40% for five strains: Bacillus cereus, Paenibacillus peoriae, Paenibacillus polymyxa, Pantoae agglomerans, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These strains exhibited significant inhibitory effects on F. culmorum mycelia growth, sporulation, and/or macroconidia germination. P. peoriae performed best, with total inhibition of sporulation and macroconidia germination. These finding highlight the effectiveness of root bacterial endophytes in promoting plant growth and resistance, and in controlling phytopathogens such as F. culmorum. This is the first report identifying 14 bacterial candidates as potential agents for the control of F. culmorum, of which Paenibacillus peoriae and/or its intracellular metabolites have potential for development as biopesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouadh Saadaoui
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, PIAF, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Campus Universitaire Farhat Hached, Tunis, Tunisia
- Field Crops Laboratory, National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia, Tunisia, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Faize
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization CNRST-URL10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Aicha Rifai
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization CNRST-URL10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Koussa Tayeb
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Ecology and Ecosystem Valorization CNRST-URL10, Faculty of Sciences, University Chouaib Doukkali, El Jadida, Morocco
| | - Noura Omri Ben Youssef
- Field Crops Laboratory, National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia, Tunisia, Tunisia
- National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Kharrat
- Field Crops Laboratory, National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia, Tunisia, Tunisia
| | | | - Hatem Chaar
- Field Crops Laboratory, National Institute for Agricultural Research of Tunisia, Tunisia, Tunisia
- National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia, Tunis, Tunisia
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Huang D, Sun X, Ghani MU, Li B, Yang J, Chen Z, Kong T, Xiao E, Liu H, Wang Q, Sun W. Bacteria associated with Comamonadaceae are key arsenite oxidizer associated with Pteris vittata root. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123909. [PMID: 38582183 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Pteris vittata (P. vittata), an arsenic (As) hyperaccumulator commonly used in the phytoremediation of As-contaminated soils, contains root-associated bacteria (RAB) including those that colonize the root rhizosphere and endosphere, which can adapt to As contamination and improve plant health. As(III)-oxidizing RAB can convert the more toxic arsenite (As(III)) to less toxic arsenate (As(V)) under As-rich conditions, which may promote plant survial. Previous studies have shown that microbial As(III) oxidation occurs in the rhizospheres and endospheres of P. vittata. However, knowledge of RAB of P. vittata responsible for As(III) oxidation remained limited. In this study, members of the Comamonadaceae family were identified as putative As(III) oxidizers, and the core microbiome associated with P. vittata roots using DNA-stable isotope probing (SIP), amplicon sequencing and metagenomic analysis. Metagenomic binning revealed that metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) associated with Comamonadaceae contained several functional genes related to carbon fixation, arsenic resistance, plant growth promotion and bacterial colonization. As(III) oxidation and plant growth promotion may be key features of RAB in promoting P. vittata growth. These results extend the current knowledge of the diversity of As(III)-oxidizing RAB and provide new insights into improving the efficiency of arsenic phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duanyi Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Biology and Pollution Control (Hunan University), Ministry of Education, Changsha 410082, China; National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Xiaoxu Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Muhammad Usman Ghani
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Baoqin Li
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jinchan Yang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; School of Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Tianle Kong
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Enzong Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huaqing Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qi Wang
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Weimin Sun
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
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8
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Fujita H, Yoshida S, Suzuki K, Toju H. Soil prokaryotic and fungal biome structures associated with crop disease status across the Japan Archipelago. mSphere 2024; 9:e0080323. [PMID: 38567970 PMCID: PMC11036807 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00803-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Archaea, bacteria, and fungi in the soil are increasingly recognized as determinants of agricultural productivity and sustainability. A crucial step for exploring soil microbiomes with important ecosystem functions is to perform statistical analyses on the potential relationship between microbiome structure and functions based on comparisons of hundreds or thousands of environmental samples collected across broad geographic ranges. In this study, we integrated agricultural field metadata with microbial community analyses by targeting 2,903 bulk soil samples collected along a latitudinal gradient from cool-temperate to subtropical regions in Japan (26.1-42.8 °N). The data involving 632 archaeal, 26,868 bacterial, and 4,889 fungal operational taxonomic units detected across the fields of 19 crop plant species allowed us to conduct statistical analyses (permutational analyses of variance, generalized linear mixed models, randomization analyses, and network analyses) on the relationship among edaphic factors, microbiome compositions, and crop disease prevalence. We then examined whether the diverse microbes form species sets varying in potential ecological impacts on crop plants. A network analysis suggested that the observed prokaryotes and fungi were classified into several species sets (network modules), which differed substantially in association with crop disease prevalence. Within the network of microbe-to-microbe coexistence, ecologically diverse microbes, such as an ammonium-oxidizing archaeon, an antibiotics-producing bacterium, and a potentially mycoparasitic fungus, were inferred to play key roles in shifts between crop-disease-promotive and crop-disease-suppressive states of soil microbiomes. The bird's-eye view of soil microbiome structure will provide a basis for designing and managing agroecosystems with high disease-suppressive functions.IMPORTANCEUnderstanding how microbiome structure and functions are organized in soil ecosystems is one of the major challenges in both basic ecology and applied microbiology. Given the ongoing worldwide degradation of agroecosystems, building frameworks for exploring structural diversity and functional profiles of soil microbiomes is an essential task. Our study provides an overview of cropland microbiome states in light of potential crop-disease-suppressive functions. The large data set allowed us to explore highly functional species sets that may be stably managed in agroecosystems. Furthermore, an analysis of network architecture highlighted species that are potentially used to cause shifts from disease-prevalent states of agroecosystems to disease-suppressive states. By extending the approach of comparative analyses toward broader geographic ranges and diverse agricultural practices, agroecosystem with maximized biological functions will be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Fujita
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shigenobu Yoshida
- Institute for Plant Protection, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Kenta Suzuki
- Integrated Bioresource Information Division, BioResource Research Center, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Toju
- Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, Japan
- Center for Living Systems Information Science (CeLiSIS), Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Ecosystems and Coevolution, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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9
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Chen M, Feng S, Lv H, Wang Z, Zeng Y, Shao C, Lin W, Zhang Z. OsCIPK2 mediated rice root microorganisms and metabolites to improve plant nitrogen uptake. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:285. [PMID: 38627617 PMCID: PMC11020999 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04982-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Crop roots are colonized by large numbers of microorganisms, collectively known as the root-microbiome, which modulate plant growth, development and contribute to elemental nutrient uptake. In conditions of nitrogen limitation, the over-expressed Calcineurin B-like interacting protein kinase 2 (OsCIPK2) gene with root-specific promoter (RC) has been shown to enhance growth and nitrogen uptake in rice. Analysis of root-associated bacteria through high-throughput sequencing revealed that OsCIPK2 has a significant impact on the diversity of the root microbial community under low nitrogen stress. The quantification of nifH gene expression demonstrated a significant enhancement in nitrogen-fixing capabilities in the roots of RC transgenetic rice. Synthetic microbial communities (SynCom) consisting of six nitrogen-fixing bacterial strains were observed to be enriched in the roots of RC, leading to a substantial improvement in rice growth and nitrogen uptake in nitrogen-deficient soils. Forty and twenty-three metabolites exhibiting differential abundance were identified in the roots and rhizosphere soils of RC transgenic rice compared to wild-type (WT) rice. These findings suggest that OSCIPK2 plays a role in restructuring the microbial community in the roots through the regulation of metabolite synthesis and secretion. Further experiments involving the exogenous addition of citric acid revealed that an optimal concentration of this compound facilitated the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and substantially augmented their population in the soil, highlighting the importance of citric acid in promoting nitrogen fixation under conditions of low nitrogen availability. These findings suggest that OsCIPK2 plays a role in enhancing nitrogen uptake by rice plants from the soil by influencing the assembly of root microbial communities, thereby offering valuable insights for enhancing nitrogen utilization in rice cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Chen
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Shizhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - He Lv
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Zewen Wang
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Yuhang Zeng
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Caihong Shao
- Soil and Fertilizer & Resources and Environment Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, 330200, China
| | - Wenxiong Lin
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Zhixing Zhang
- College of JunCao Science and Ecology, Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecology and Molecular Physiology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Agroecological Processing and Safety Monitoring, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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10
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Sha H, Lu J, Chen J, Xiong J. Rationally designed probiotics prevent shrimp white feces syndrome via the probiotics-gut microbiome-immunity axis. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2024; 10:40. [PMID: 38605016 PMCID: PMC11009345 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-024-00509-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence infers that some complex diseases are attributed to co-infection with multiple pathogens, such as shrimp white feces syndrome (WFS); however, there is a lack of experimental evidence to validate such causal link. This deficiency further impedes rational design of probiotics to elicit desired benefits to shrimp WFS resistance. Herein, we validated the causal roles of Vibrio fluvialis, V. coralliilyticus and V. tubiashii (in a ratio of 7:2:1) in shrimp WFS etiology, which fully satisfied Koch's postulates. Correspondingly, we precisely designed four antagonistic strains: Ruegeria lacuscaerulensis, Nioella nitratireducens, Bacillus subtilis and Streptomyces euryhalinus in a ratio of 4:3:2:1, which efficiently guarded against WFS. Dietary supplementation of the probiotics stimulated beneficial gut populations, streptomycin, short chain fatty acids, taurine metabolism potentials, network stability, tight junction, and host selection, while reducing turnover rate and average variation degree of gut microbiota, thereby facilitating ecological and mechanical barriers against pathogens. Additionally, shrimp immune pathways, such as Fcγ R-mediated phagocytosis, Toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways conferring immune barrier, were activated by probiotics supplementation. Collectively, we establish an updated framework for precisely validating co-infection with multiple pathogens and rationally designing antagonistic probiotics. Furthermore, our findings uncover the underlying beneficial mechanisms of designed probiotics from the probiotics-gut microbiome-host immunity axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Sha
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China
| | - Jinbo Xiong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Insititute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
- School of Marine Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China.
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11
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Wannawong T, Mhuantong W, Macharoen P, Niemhom N, Sitdhipol J, Chaiyawan N, Umrung S, Tanasupawat S, Suwannarach N, Asami Y, Kuncharoen N. Comparative genomics reveals insight into the phylogeny and habitat adaptation of novel Amycolatopsis species, an endophytic actinomycete associated with scab lesions on potato tubers. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1346574. [PMID: 38601305 PMCID: PMC11004387 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1346574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
A novel endophytic actinomycete, strain MEP2-6T, was isolated from scab tissues of potato tubers collected from Mae Fag Mai Sub-district, San Sai District, Chiang Mai Province, Thailand. Strain MEP2-6T is a gram-positive filamentous bacteria characterized by meso-diaminopimelic acid in cell wall peptidoglycan and arabinose, galactose, glucose, and ribose in whole-cell hydrolysates. Diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and hydroxy-phosphatidylethanolamine were the major phospholipids, of which MK-9(H6) was the predominant menaquinone, whereas iso-C16:0 and iso-C15:0 were the major cellular fatty acids. The genome of the strain was 10,277,369 bp in size with a G + C content of 71.7%. The 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic and core phylogenomic analyses revealed that strain MEP2-6T was closely related to Amycolatopsis lexingtonensis NRRL B-24131T (99.4%), A. pretoriensis DSM 44654T (99.3%), and A. eburnea GLM-1T (98.9%). Notably, strain MEP2-6T displayed 91.7%, 91.8%, and 87% ANIb and 49%, 48.8%, and 35.4% dDDH to A. lexingtonensis DSM 44653T (=NRRL B-24131T), A. eburnea GLM-1T, and A. pretoriensis DSM 44654T, respectively. Based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, and genomic data, strain MEP2-6T could be officially assigned to a novel species within the genus Amycolatopsis, for which the name Amycolatopsis solani sp. nov. has been proposed. The type of strain is MEP2-6T (=JCM 36309T = TBRC 17632T = NBRC 116395T). Amycolatopsis solani MEP2-6T was strongly proven to be a non-phytopathogen of potato scab disease because stunting of seedlings and necrotic lesions on potato tuber slices were not observed, and there were no core biosynthetic genes associated with the BGCs of phytotoxin-inducing scab lesions. Furthermore, comparative genomics can provide a better understanding of the genetic mechanisms that enable A. solani MEP2-6T to adapt to the plant endosphere. Importantly, the strain smBGCs accommodated 33 smBGCs encoded for several bioactive compounds, which could be beneficially applied in the fields of agriculture and medicine. Consequently, strain MEP2-6T is a promising candidate as a novel biocontrol agent and antibiotic producer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thippawan Wannawong
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wuttichai Mhuantong
- Food Biotechnology Research Team, Functional Ingredients and Food Innovation Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Enzyme Technology Research Team, Biorefinery and Bioproducts Technology Research Group, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, National Science and Technology Development Agency, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pipat Macharoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nantawan Niemhom
- Microbiological and Molecular Biological Laboratory, Scientific Instruments Center, School of Science, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jaruwan Sitdhipol
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Research and Development Group for Bio-Industries, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Neungnut Chaiyawan
- Biodiversity Research Centre, Research and Development Group for Bio-Industries, Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sarinna Umrung
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Somboon Tanasupawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nakarin Suwannarach
- Center of Excellence in Microbial Diversity and Sustainable Utilization, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yukihiro Asami
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nattakorn Kuncharoen
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Sohaib H, Fays M, Khatib A, Rivière J, El Aouad N, Desoignies N. Contribution to the characterization of the seed endophyte microbiome of Argania spinosa across geographical locations in Central Morocco using metagenomic approaches. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1310395. [PMID: 38601940 PMCID: PMC11005822 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1310395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial endophytes are microorganisms that live inside plants, and some of them play important yet understudied roles in plant health, growth, and adaptation to environmental conditions. Their diversity within plants has traditionally been underestimated due to the limitations of culture-dependent techniques. Metagenomic profiling provides a culture-independent approach to characterize entire microbial communities. The argan tree (Argania spinosa) is ecologically and economically important in Morocco, yet its seed endophyte microbiome remains unexplored. This study aimed to compare the bacterial and fungal endophyte communities associated with argan seeds collected from six sites across Morocco using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and ITS regions, respectively. Bacterial DNA was extracted from surface-sterilized seeds and amplified using universal primers, while fungal DNA was isolated directly from seeds. Bioinformatics analysis of sequencing data identified taxonomic profiles at the phylum to genus levels. The results indicated that bacterial communities were dominated by the genus Rhodoligotrophos, while fungal communities exhibited varying degrees of dominance between Ascomycota and Basidiomycota depending on site, with Penicillium being the most abundant overall. Distinct site-specific profiles were observed, with Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Aspergillus present across multiple locations. Alpha diversity indices revealed variation in endophyte richness between seed sources. In conclusion, this first exploration of the argan seed endophyte microbiome demonstrated environmental influence on community structure. While facing limitations due to small sample sizes and lack of ecological metadata, it provides a foundation for future mechanistic investigations into how specific endophyte-host interactions shape argan adaptation across Morocco's diverse landscapes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hourfane Sohaib
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Morgan Fays
- Phytopathology, Microbial and Molecular Farming Lab, Centre D’Etudes et Recherche Appliquée-Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut Condorcet, Ath, Belgium
| | - Abderrezzak Khatib
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - John Rivière
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Applied Biology, Haute Ecole Provinciale de Hainaut-Condorcet, Ath, Hainaut, Belgium
| | - Noureddine El Aouad
- Laboratory of Life and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tangier, University Abdelmalek Essaâdi, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Nicolas Desoignies
- Phytopathology, Microbial and Molecular Farming Lab, Centre D’Etudes et Recherche Appliquée-Haute Ecole Provinciale du Hainaut Condorcet, Ath, Belgium
- University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, TERRA - Teaching and Research Center, Plant Sciences Axis, Gembloux, Belgium
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13
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Zhou J, Stringlis IA, Wen J, Liu Y, Xu S, Wang R. Interplay between Amaryllidaceae alkaloids, the bacteriome and phytopathogens in Lycoris radiata. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:2258-2274. [PMID: 38105545 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Alkaloids are a large group of plant secondary metabolites with various structures and activities. It is important to understand their functions in the interplay between plants and the beneficial and pathogenic microbiota. Amaryllidaceae alkaloids (AAs) are unique secondary metabolites in Amaryllidaceae plants. Here, we studied the interplay between AAs and the bacteriome in Lycoris radiata, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant containing high amounts of AAs. The relationship between AAs and bacterial composition in different tissues of L. radiata was studied. In vitro experiments revealed that AAs have varying levels of antimicrobial activity against endophytic bacteria and pathogenic fungi, indicating the importance of AA synthesis in maintaining a balance between plants and beneficial/pathogenic microbiota. Using bacterial synthetic communities with different compositions, we observed a positive feedback loop between bacteria insensitive to AAs and their ability to increase accumulation of AAs in L. radiata, especially in leaves. This may allow insensitive bacteria to outcompete sensitive ones for plant resources. Moreover, the accumulation of AAs enhanced by insensitive bacteria could benefit plants when challenged with fungal pathogens. This study highlights the functions of alkaloids in plant-microbe interactions, opening new avenues for designing plant microbiomes that could contribute to sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Zhou
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Ioannis A Stringlis
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4Life, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 800.56, 3508 TB, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos St., 11855, Athens, Greece
| | - Jian Wen
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifang Liu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, 210014, Nanjing, China
| | - Ren Wang
- Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, 210014, Nanjing, China
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14
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Li G, Wang Z, Ren H, Qi X, Han H, Ding X, Sun L, Hafeez R, Wang Q, Li B. Ancient bayberry increased stress resistance by enriching tissue-specific microbiome and metabolites. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14314. [PMID: 38654401 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The ancient bayberry demonstrates superior resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses compared to cultivated bayberry, yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study investigates whether long-term bayberry cultivation enhances stress resistance through modulation of tissue-specific microbes and metabolites. Employing microbiome amplicon sequencing alongside untargeted mass spectrometry analysis, we scrutinize the role of endosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities and metabolites in shaping the differential resistance observed between ancient and cultivated bayberry trees. Our findings highlight the presence of core microbiome and metabolites across various bayberry tissues, suggesting that the heightened resistance of ancient bayberry may stem from alterations in rhizosphere and endosphere microbial communities and secondary metabolites. Specifically, enrichment of Bacillus in roots and stems, Pseudomonas in leaves, and Mortierella in rhizosphere soil of ancient bayberry was noted. Furthermore, correlation analysis underscores the significance of enriched microbial species in enhancing ancient bayberry's resistance to stresses, with elevated levels of resistance-associated metabolites such as beta-myrcene, benzothiazole, L-glutamic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid identified through GC-MS metabolomics analysis. The beneficial role of these resistance-associated metabolites was further elucidated through assessment of their promotive and allelopathic effects, as well as their phytostatic and antioxidant functions in lettuce plants. Ultimately, our study delves into the intrinsic reasons behind the greater resistance of ancient bayberry to biotic and abiotic stresses by evaluating the impact of long-term planting on the microbial community and metabolites in the bayberry endosphere and rhizosphere, shedding light on the complex dynamics of host-microbial interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenshuo Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiying Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xingjiang Qi
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Han
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyang Ding
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Treats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Horticulture, Institute of Agro-product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rahila Hafeez
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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15
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Dasila K, Pandey A, Sharma A, Samant SS, Singh M. Endophytic fungi from Himalayan silver birch as potential source of plant growth enhancement and secondary metabolite production. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:557-570. [PMID: 38265571 PMCID: PMC10920537 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01259-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Mountain biodiversity is under unparalleled pressure due to climate change, necessitating in-depth research on high-altitude plant's microbial associations which are crucial for plant survival under stress conditions. Realizing that high-altitude tree line species of Himalaya are completely unexplored with respect to the microbial association, the present study aimed to elucidate plant growth promoting and secondary metabolite producing potential of culturable endophytic fungi of Himalayan silver birch (Betula utilis D. Don). ITS region sequencing revealed that the fungal isolates belong to Penicillium species, Pezicula radicicola, and Paraconiothyrium archidendri. These endophytes were psychrotolerant in nature with the potential to produce extracellular lytic activities. The endophytes showed plant growth promoting (PGP) traits like phosphorus solubilization and production of siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA), and ACC deaminase. The fungal extracts also exhibited antagonistic potential against bacterial pathogens. Furthermore, the fungal extracts were found to be a potential source of bioactive compounds including the host-specific compound-betulin. Inoculation with fungal suspension improved seed germination and biomass of soybean and maize crops under net house conditions. In vitro PGP traits of the endophytes, supported by net house experiments, indicated that fungal association may support the growth and survival of the host in extreme cold conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khashti Dasila
- Center for Environmental Assessment and Climate Change, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263643, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anita Pandey
- Center for Environmental Assessment and Climate Change, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263643, Uttarakhand, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era (Deemed to Be University), Bell Road, Clement Town, Dehradun, 248002, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Avinash Sharma
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, 41107, Maharashtra, India
- School of Agriculture, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248002, India
| | - Sher S Samant
- Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Conifer Campus, Panthaghati, Shimla, 171013, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- Center for Environmental Assessment and Climate Change, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment, Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, 263643, Uttarakhand, India.
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16
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Li H, Zou Y, Song W, Xin J, Gao J. Effects of frequency and amount of stover mulching on the microbial community composition and structure in the endosphere and rhizosphere. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1372471. [PMID: 38468854 PMCID: PMC10925793 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1372471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Stover mulching, as a sustainable agricultural conservation practice, has been shown to effectively increase soil organic matter and enhance crop yields. The impact of stover mulching on soil microorganisms has been extensively studied. However, less attention has been given to endophytic and rhizospheric microorganisms that have closer relationships with crops. How do the quality and frequency of stover mulching affect the composition and structure of these endosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities? And what is their influence on critical indicators of soil health such as bacterial plant pathogen and Rhizobiales? These questions remain unresolved. Therefore, we investigated the responses of the microbial functional guilds in the endosphere and rhizosphere to maize stover mulching qualities (0%, 33%, 67%, and total stover mulching every year) and frequencies (once every 3 years and twice every 3 years) under 10-year no-till management. Results showed significant correlations between Bacillales and Rhizobiales orders and soil SOC, NO3-N, and NH4+N; Hypocreales and Eurotiales orders were significantly correlated with soil NO3-N, with the Aspergillus genus also showing a significant correlation with soil SOC. The frequency and quality of stover mulching had a significant effect on root and rhizospheric microbial communities, with the lowest relative abundance of bacterial plant pathogens and highest relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria such as Rhizobiales and Hypocreales observed under F1/3 and F2/3 conditions. The most complex structures in endosphere and rhizospheric microbial communities were found under Q33 and Q67 conditions, respectively. This research indicates that from a soil health perspective, low-frequency high-coverage stover mulching is beneficial for the composition of endosphere and rhizosphere microbial communities, while moderate coverage levels are conducive to more complex structures within these communities. This study holds significant ecological implications for agricultural production and crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Li
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Yawen Zou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchen Song
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxun Xin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Gao
- School of Ecology and Environment, Baotou Teachers’ College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou, China
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17
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Nawaz H, Akgün İ, Şenyiğit U. Effect of deficit irrigation combined with Bacillus simplex on water use efficiency and growth parameters of maize during vegetative stage. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:135. [PMID: 38403579 PMCID: PMC10895846 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The production of crops depending on many factors including water, nutrient, soil types, climate and crops types, water stress and drought is in one of the important factors affecting crop productivity. The experiment was conducted in pots to evaluate the effect of biofertilizers (Bacillus simplex) with deficit irrigations on the early development and growth of maize crop under greenhouse condition. Pre sowing seed was inoculated with strain of bacteria (B+/B-) and different irrigation levels (no stress: 100% (I1) and deficit irrigation: 75 (I2), 50 (I3), 25 (I4) % of required water amount to reach pot capacity) was performed. Data was collected on different morphological characteristics and root characteristic of maize crop. Highest plant height (125 cm), stem diameter (18.02 mm), leaf area (350 cm- 2), plant weight (180.42 g in fresh, 73.58 g in dry), root length (92.83 cm) root ((91.70 g in fresh, (28.66 g in dry) weight were recorded in pots applied with 100% irrigation followed by 75%. Bacillus treated plants showed significant increase in leaf area (214.20 cm- 2), plant fresh weight (91.65 g) and dry weight (42.05 g), root length (79.20 cm), root fresh (53.52 g) and dry weight (16.70 g) compared with control (without bacteria). Likewise highest relative water content of leaf was observed with I3 followed by I2 and I1 respectively. Highest water use efficiency was recorded as 0.67 g pot- 1 mm- 1 in I1 with B + treatment. Likewise, Bacillus inoculated pots resulted in increased water use efficiency (0.44 g pot- 1 mm- 1) compared with no application (0.36 g pot- 1 mm- 1). It can be endorsed from the outcome that Bacillus inoculation increased plant biomass, root biomass of maize and water use efficiency during early growth stage of maize despite of water stress and can be used under limited water condition for crop combating during moderate to lower stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haq Nawaz
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, 32000, Turkey.
| | - İlknur Akgün
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, 32000, Turkey
| | - Ulaş Şenyiğit
- Department of Agriculture Structure and Irrigations, Faculty of Agriculture, Isparta University of Applied Sciences, Isparta, 32000, Turkey
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Vergani L, Patania J, Riva V, Nerva L, Nuzzo F, Gambino G, Borin S, Mapelli F. Deciphering the interaction of bacteria inoculants with the recipient endophytic community in grapevine micropropagated plants. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0207823. [PMID: 38289136 PMCID: PMC10880630 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02078-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Engineering the plant microbiome with beneficial endophytic bacteria can improve the growth, health, and productivity of the holobiont. Here, we administered two beneficial bacterial strains, Kosakonia VR04 sp. and Rhizobium GR12 sp., to micropropagated grapevine cuttings obtained via somatic embryogenesis. While both strains colonized the plant endosphere, only Rhizobium GR12 sp. increased root biomass under nutritional-deficit conditions, as supported by the plant growth promotion traits detected in its genome. Phylogenetic and co-occurrence analyses revealed that the plant native bacterial community, originally dominated by Streptococcaceae and Micrococcaceae, dramatically changed depending on the inoculation treatments, as invading strains differently affected the relative abundance and the interactions of pre-existing taxa. After 30 days of plantlets' growth, Pantoea became a predominant taxon, and considering untreated plantlets as references, Rhizobium sp. GR12 showed a minor impact on the endophytic bacterial community. On the other hand, Kosakonia sp. VR04 caused a major change in community composition, suggesting an opportunistic colonization pattern. Overall, the results corroborate the importance of preserving the native endophytic community structure and functions during plant microbiome engineering.IMPORTANCEA better comprehension of bacterial colonization processes and outcomes could benefit the use of plant probiotics in the field. In this study, we applied two different beneficial bacteria to grapevine micropropagated plantlets and described how the inoculation of these strains impacts endophytic microbiota assembly. We showed that under nutritional deficit conditions, the response of the receiving endophytic bacterial communities to the invasion of the beneficial strains related to the manifestation of plant growth promotion effects by the inoculated invading strains. Rhizobium sp. GR12 was able to preserve the native microbiome structure despite its effective colonization, highlighting the importance of the plant-endophyte associations for the holobiont performance. Moreover, our approach showed that the use of micropropagated plantlets could be a valuable strategy to study the interplay among the plant, its native microbiota, and the invader on a wider portfolio of species besides model plants, facilitating the application of new knowledge in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Vergani
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Joa Patania
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Riva
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Nerva
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (IPSP-CNR), Turin, Italy
- Italy Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Conegliano, Italy
| | - Floriana Nuzzo
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (IPSP-CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gambino
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council of Italy (IPSP-CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Borin
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Mapelli
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Science (DeFENS), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Dumigan CR, Deyholos MK. Soil and seed both influence bacterial diversity in the microbiome of the Cannabis sativa seedling endosphere. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1326294. [PMID: 38450399 PMCID: PMC10914941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1326294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Phytobiomes have a significant impact on plant health. The microbiome of Cannabis sativa is particularly interesting both because of renewed interest in this crop and because it is commercially propagated in two different ways (i.e. clonally and by seed). Angiosperms obtain a founding population of seed-borne endophytes from their seed-bearing parent. This study examines the influence of both seed and soil-derived bacteria on the endospheres of cannabis seedlings of both hemp- and drug-types. Methods A multi-factorial metagenomic study was conducted with three cannabis genotypes and two soil sources, which were tested both before and after autoclave sterilization. Seedlings were grown on soil, then rinsed and surface-sterilized, and 16S rDNA amplicons from seedling endophytes were sequenced, taxonomically classified, and used to estimate alpha- and beta-diversity in Qiime2. The statistical significance of differences in seedling microbiomes across treatments was tested, and PiCRUST2 was used to infer the functional relevance of these differences. Results Soil was found to have a profound effect on the alpha-diversity, beta-diversity, relative abundance, and functional genes of endophytic bacteria in germinating cannabis seedlings. Additionally, there was a significant effect of cannabis genotype on beta diversity, especially when genotypes were grown in sterilized soil. Gammaproteobacteria and Bacilli were the two most abundant taxa and were found in all genotypes and soil types, including sterilized soil. Discussion The results indicated that a component of cannabis seedling endosphere microbiomes is seed-derived and conserved across the environments tested. Functional prediction of seedling endophytes using piCRUST suggested a number of important functions of seed-borne endophytes in cannabis including nutrient and amino acid cycling, hormone regulation, and as precursors to antibiotics. This study suggested both seed and soil play a critical role in shaping the microbiome of germinating cannabis seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael K. Deyholos
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada
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Cao H, Xu L, Song J, Xun M, Zhang W, Yang H. Bacterial community structure and co-occurrence networks in the rhizosphere and root endosphere of the grafted apple. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:53. [PMID: 38341527 PMCID: PMC10858598 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with aerial plant tissues (such as leaf, stem, and flower), root-associated microbiomes play an indisputable role in promoting plant health and productivity. We thus explored the similarities and differences between rhizosphere and root endosphere bacterial community in the grafted apple system. RESULTS Using pot experiments, three microhabitats (bulk soil, rhizosphere and root endosphere) samples were obtained from two-year-old apple trees grafted on the four different rootstocks. We then investigated the bacterial community composition, diversity, and co-occurrence network in three microhabitats using the Illumina sequencing methods. Only 63 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) out of a total of 24,485 were shared in the rhizosphere and root endosphere of apple grafted on the four different rootstocks (M9T337, Malus hupehensis Rehd., Malus robusta Rehd., and Malus baccata Borkh.). The core microbiome contained 8 phyla and 25 families. From the bulk soil to the rhizosphere to the root endosphere, the members of the phylum and class levels demonstrated a significant enrichment and depletion pattern. Co-occurrence network analysis showed the network complexity of the rhizosphere was higher than the root endosphere. Most of the keystone nodes in both networks were classified as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidetes and were low abundance species. CONCLUSION The hierarchical filtration pattern existed not only in the assembly of root endosphere bacteria, but also in the core microbiome. Moreover, most of the core ASVs were high-abundance species, while the keystone ASVs of the network were low-abundance species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- College of Life Sciences, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277000, Shandong Province, China.
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Longxiao Xu
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jianfei Song
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Mi Xun
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hongqiang Yang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
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Chauhan P, Singh M, Sharma A, Singh M, Chadha P, Kaur A. Halotolerant and plant growth-promoting endophytic fungus Aspergillus terreus CR7 alleviates salt stress and exhibits genoprotective effect in Vigna radiata. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1336533. [PMID: 38404598 PMCID: PMC10884769 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1336533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major environmental stresses that results in reduction of cultivable land and decreased productivity. In the present study, halotolerant and plant growth-promoting endophytic fungi were isolated from Catharanthus roseus, and their effect in mitigating salt stress in Vigna radiata was evaluated. An isolate CR7, identified to be Aspergillus terreus, showing plant growth promotion activities, viz. IAA production (23.43 ± 0.79 μg/ml), phosphate solubilization (133.63 ± 6.40 μg/ml), ACC deaminase activity (86.36 ± 2.70 μmol α-ketobutyrate/h/mg protein) etc. and ability to grow at 15% NaCl was selected for further in vivo studies. Colonization of CR7 was carried out in V. radiata which was subjected to different concentrations of salt (150, 200, and 250 mM NaCl). Under salt stress, A. terreus CR7 inoculated plants showed substantially improved root and shoot length, biomass, chlorophyll content, relative water content, phenolics, protein content, and DPPH scavenging activity. Endogenous IAA level was enhanced by 5.28-fold in treated plants at maximum salt stress. Inoculation of A. terreus CR7 affected oxidative stress parameters, exhibiting an increase in catalase and superoxide dismutase and reduction in proline, electrolyte leakage, and malondialdehyde content. Fluorescent microscopic analysis of roots revealed improved cell viability and decreased levels of glutathione and hydrogen peroxide under salt stress in treated plants. The isolate A. terreus CR7 also protected against DNA damage induced by salt stress which was evaluated using comet assay. A decrease in DNA tail length, tail moment, and olive tail moment to the extent of 19.87%, 19.76%, and 24.81%, respectively, was observed in A. terreus CR7-colonized plants under salt stress. It can be concluded that A. terreus CR7 can be exploited for alleviating the impact of salt stress in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Chauhan
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mandeep Singh
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Avinash Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Mangaljeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pooja Chadha
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Amarjeet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Inoue T, Kohzu A, Akaji Y, Miura S, Baba S. Diazotrophic nitrogen fixation through aerial roots occurs in Avicennia marina: implications for adaptation of mangrove plant growth to low-nitrogen tidal flats. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 241:1464-1475. [PMID: 38013587 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen limitation of primary production is common in coastal ecosystems. Mangrove trees maintain high levels of nitrogen fixation around their roots. The interior aerial space of mangrove roots, in which atmospheric gas is supplied through lenticels, could be efficient sites for nitrogen fixation. We measured tidal variations of partial pressure of N2 in root aerenchyma and conducted field experiments using 15 N2 as a tracer to track N2 movement through aerial roots of Avicennia marina. We used the acetylene reduction assay to identify the root parts harboring diazotrophs. The nitrogenase activity and estimated nitrogen fixation through aerenchyma were higher in pneumatophores and absorbing roots than in cable roots. Positive correlations between root nitrogen contents and turnover rates of root nitrogen derived from N2 through aerenchyma suggested that the internal supply of N2 to diazotrophs could be the main source for nitrogen assimilation by A. marina roots. Our results confirmed that N2 is supplied to diazotrophs through aerial roots and that nitrogen fixation occurs in A. marina roots. The aerial root structures, which occur across families of mangrove plants, could be an adaptation to survival in not only low-oxygen environments but also tidal flats with little plant-available nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Inoue
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Ayato Kohzu
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Akaji
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Shingo Miura
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8506, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Baba
- International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, 903-0129, Japan
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Huo C, Mao J, Zhang J, Yang X, Gao S, Li J, He Q, Tang G, Xie X, Chen Z. Fertilization- and Irrigation-Modified Bacterial Community Composition and Stimulated Enzyme Activity of Eucalyptus Plantations Soil. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1385. [PMID: 38338664 PMCID: PMC10855151 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Irrigation and fertilization are essential management practices for increasing forest productivity. They also impact the soil ecosystem and the microbial population. In order to examine the soil bacterial community composition and structure in response to irrigation and fertilization in a Eucalyptus plantations, a total of 20 soil samples collected from Eucalyptus plantations were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing. Experimental treatments consisting of control (CK, no irrigation or fertilization), fertilization only (F), irrigation only (W), and irrigation and fertilization (WF). The results showed a positive correlation between soil enzyme activities (urease, cellulase, and chitinase) and fertilization treatments. These enzyme activities were also significantly correlated with the diversity of soil bacterial communities in Eucalyptus plantations.. Bacteria diversity was considerably increased under irrigation and fertilization (W, F, and WF) treatments when compared with the CK treatment. Additionally, the soil bacterial richness was increased in the Eucalyptus plantations soil under irrigation (W and WF) treatments. The Acidobacteria (38.92-47.9%), Proteobacteria (20.50-28.30%), and Chloroflexi (13.88-15.55%) were the predominant phyla found in the Eucalyptus plantations soil. Specifically, compared to the CK treatment, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria was considerably higher under the W, F, and WF treatments, while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria was considerably lower. The contents of total phosphorus, accessible potassium, and organic carbon in the soil were all positively associated with fertilization and irrigation treatments. Under the WF treatment, the abundance of bacteria associated with nitrogen and carbon metabolisms, enzyme activity, and soil nutrient contents showed an increase, indicating the positive impact of irrigation and fertilization on Eucalyptus plantations production. Collectively, these findings provide the scientific and managerial bases for improving the productivity of Eucalyptus plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zujing Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (C.H.); (J.M.); (J.Z.); (X.Y.); (S.G.); (J.L.); (Q.H.); (G.T.); (X.X.)
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Zhou H, Jia S, Gao Y, Li X, Lin Y, Yang F, Ni K. Characterization of phyllosphere endophytic lactic acid bacteria reveals a potential novel route to enhance silage fermentation quality. Commun Biol 2024; 7:117. [PMID: 38253824 PMCID: PMC10803313 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05816-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The naturally attached phyllosphere microbiota play a crucial role in plant-derived fermentation, but the structure and function of phyllosphere endophytes remain largely unidentified. Here, we reveal the diversity, specificity, and functionality of phyllosphere endophytes in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) through combining typical microbial culture, high-throughput sequencing, and genomic comparative analysis. In comparison to phyllosphere bacteria (PB), the fermentation of alfalfa solely with endophytes (EN) enhances the fermentation characteristics, primarily due to the dominance of specific lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as Lactiplantibacillus, Weissella, and Pediococcus. The inoculant with selected endophytic LAB strains also enhances the fermentation quality compared to epiphytic LAB treatment. Especially, one key endophytic LAB named Pediococcus pentosaceus EN5 shows enrichment of genes related to the mannose phosphotransferase system (Man-PTS) and carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes and higher utilization of carbohydrates. Representing phyllosphere, endophytic LAB shows great potential of promoting ensiling and provides a novel direction for developing microbial inoculant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhang Zhou
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shangang Jia
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Gao
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanli Lin
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fuyu Yang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Kuikui Ni
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Wu C, Zhang X, Fan Y, Ye J, Dong L, Wang Y, Ren Y, Yong H, Liu R, Wang A. Vertical transfer and functional characterization of cotton seed core microbiome. Front Microbiol 2024; 14:1323342. [PMID: 38264479 PMCID: PMC10803423 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1323342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Microbiome within plant tissues is pivotal for co-evolution with host plants. This microbiome can colonize the plant, with potential transmission via seeds between parents and offspring, affecting seedling growth and host plant adaptability to the environment. Methods We employed 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis to investigate the vertical distribution of core microbiome in cotton seeds across ecological niches [rhizosphere, root, stem, leaf, seed and seed-P (parental seed)] of the three cotton genotypes. Results The findings demonstrated a significant decrease in microbiome diversity and network complexity from roots, stems, and leaves to seeds. The microenvironment exerted a more substantial influence on the microbiome structure of cotton than the genotypes. The core endophytic microorganisms in cotton seeds comprised 29 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) affiliated with Acidimicrobiia, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacilli, Bacteroidia, Clostridia, Gammaproteobacteria, and unclassified_Proteobacteria. These vertically transmitted taxa are widely distributed in cotton plants. Through 16S rRNA gene-based function prediction analysis of the cotton microbiome, we preliminarily understood that there are potential differences in metabolic capabilities and phenotypic traits among microbiomes in different microhabitats. Discussion In conclusion, this study demonstrated the crucial role of the microenvironment in influencing the cotton microbiome and offered insights into the structures and functions of the cotton seed microbiome, facilitating future crop yield enhancement through core seed microbiome regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongdie Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-basin System Ecology, Shihezi, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Yongbin Fan
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-basin System Ecology, Shihezi, China
| | - Jingyi Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-basin System Ecology, Shihezi, China
| | - Lingjun Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - YuXiang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - YinZheng Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - HongHong Yong
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Ruina Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-basin System Ecology, Shihezi, China
| | - Aiying Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-basin System Ecology, Shihezi, China
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Jia J, Lu SE. Comparative Genome Analyses Provide Insight into the Antimicrobial Activity of Endophytic Burkholderia. Microorganisms 2024; 12:100. [PMID: 38257926 PMCID: PMC10821513 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Endophytic bacteria are endosymbionts that colonize a portion of plants without harming the plant for at least a part of its life cycle. Bacterial endophytes play an essential role in promoting plant growth using multiple mechanisms. The genus Burkholderia is an important member among endophytes and encompasses bacterial species with high genetic versatility and adaptability. In this study, the endophytic characteristics of Burkholderia species are investigated via comparative genomic analyses of several endophytic Burkholderia strains with pathogenic Burkholderia strains. A group of bacterial genes was identified and predicted as the putative endophytic behavior genes of Burkholderia. Multiple antimicrobial biosynthesis genes were observed in these endophytic bacteria; however, certain important pathogenic and virulence genes were absent. The majority of resistome genes were distributed relatively evenly among the endophytic and pathogenic bacteria. All known types of secretion systems were found in the studied bacteria. This includes T3SS and T4SS, which were previously thought to be disproportionately represented in endophytes. Additionally, questionable CRISPR-Cas systems with an orphan CRISPR array were prevalent, suggesting that intact CRISPR-Cas systems may not exist in symbiotes of Burkholderia. This research not only sheds light on the antimicrobial activities that contribute to biocontrol but also expands our understanding of genomic variations in Burkholderia's endophytic and pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shi-En Lu
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;
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Li N, Zheng N, Pan J, An Q, Li X, Sun S, Chen C, Zhu H, Li Z, Ji Y. Distribution and major driving elements of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil-vegetable system under microplastic stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167619. [PMID: 37806594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are both enriched in soil-vegetable systems as a consequence of the prolonged use of agricultural mulches. MPs can form unique bacterial communities and provide potential hosts for ARGs. Therefore, MPs stress may promote the spread of ARGs from soil to crops. Increasing ARGs pollution in soil-vegetable system. In our research, we investigated the distribution and major driving elements of antibiotic resistance genes in the soil-vegetable system under microplastic stress. The results showed that MPs treatment decreased the relative abundance of ARGs in non-rhizosphere soil. High concentrations of MPs promoted the enrichment of tetracycline antibiotic resistance genes in rhizosphere soil. MPs treatment promoted the enrichment of ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) in lettuce tissues, and the overall abundance of ARGs in root after 0.5 %, 1 %, and 2 % (w/w, dry weight) polyethylene (PE) administration was considerably higher compared to that in the untreated group (p < 0.05). At the same time, high PE concentrations promoted the spread of sulfa ARGs from root to leaf. MPs also impacted the bacterial communities in the soil-plant system, and the changes in ARGs as well as MGEs in each part of the soil-vegetable system were significantly correlated with the bacterial diversity index (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis and network analysis showed that bacterial communities and MGEs were the main drivers of ARGs variation in soil-lettuce systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Na Zheng
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China; Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
| | - Jiamin Pan
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Qirui An
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Siyu Sun
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Changcheng Chen
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Huicheng Zhu
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zimeng Li
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Yining Ji
- College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Liu W, Du S, Sun L, Wang Z, Ge G, Jia Y. Study on Dynamic Fermentation of Oat Silage Assisted by Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:6. [PMID: 38202317 PMCID: PMC10780392 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Based on the low content of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) attachment in oat raw materials, we assumed that the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of oat can be reduced by adding cellulase or xylanase. The concentration of metabolizable sugars will be increased, which will assist the oat's bacterial community in fermentation and obtain a better quality of oat silage. After wilting the oat, it was treated as follows: (1) distributed water (CK); (2) silages inoculated with xylanase (X); and (3) silages inoculated with cellulase (C), ensiling for 3, 7, 14, 30, and 60 days. Cellulase and xylanase treatments both alter the fermentation and nutritional quality of ensiled oat, resulting in lower NDF, acid detergent fiber (ADF), cellulose, and hemicellulose contents, increased lactic acid and acetic acid contents, and a significant decrease in ensiling environment pH. The bacterial community undergoes significant changes with cellulase and xylanase treatments, with a significant increase in Lactobacillus abundance in the C_14, X_30, C_30, X_60, and C_60 treatment groups, while Weissella abundance gradually decreases with longer ensiling times. Two exogenous fibrolytic enzymes also alter the bacterial diversity of ensiled oat, with different bacterial species and abundances observed in different treatment groups. Ensiled oat treated with cellulase and xylanase experiences significant changes in its own bacterial community, particularly in the abundance of Lactobacillus. These changes result in improved fermentation and nutritional quality of oat, but the higher metabolism levels observed after 60 days of ensiling with cellulase treatment may lead to energy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Shuai Du
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China;
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Gentu Ge
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
| | - Yushan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China; (W.L.); (S.D.); (Z.W.); (G.G.)
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China
- Department of Grass Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, South Campus, Hohhot 010019, China
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Akbaba M, Özden E. Salt tolerance of endophytic root bacteria and their effects on seed germination and viability on tomato plants. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:3147-3162. [PMID: 37768522 PMCID: PMC10689620 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01127-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most brutal environmental factors limiting the productivity of agricultural lands worldwide. It is considered that the salinity may be one of the important reasons for the low yield in Iğdır of the tomato plants, which is medium resistant (3-5 dS.m-1) among vegetables. Eco-friendly techniques such as endophytic root bacteria treatments (ERB) are needed to restore saline soils to agriculture and also to increase the yield of tomatoes. Endophytic bacteria colonizing the inside of plants increase plant growth by various mechanisms and also mitigate the adverse effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on plants. In this study, endophytic bacteria were isolated from the roots of tomato plants exposed to salt stress. Then, these isolates' tolerance levels to different NaCl (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 M) concentrations and their potential to promote plant growth (PGP) traits were determined. It was recorded that 14.8% of the isolates whose salt tolerance was tested were highly tolerant to NaCl and 18.5% were highly susceptible. The tested ERB isolates exhibited typical PGP characteristics such as siderophore production (4-30 mm diameter), phosphate solubilizing activity (6-16 mm diameter), and IAA production activity (24.9-171.6 µg/ml). Moreover, it was determined that the nitrogen fixation potential is high 55.7% of the isolates tested, and 11.1% low. In addition, the effects of ERB treatments on germination and vigor index in two tomato cultivars under standard and saline conditions in the lab were evaluated. Some ERB isolates in tomato plants under standard and saline conditions increased seed viability, hypocotyl length, root length, and seedling fresh weight, and also accelerated germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Akbaba
- Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey.
| | - Eren Özden
- Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Igdir University, Igdir, Turkey
- Horticulture and Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
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Pandey P, Tripathi A, Dwivedi S, Lal K, Jhang T. Deciphering the mechanisms, hormonal signaling, and potential applications of endophytic microbes to mediate stress tolerance in medicinal plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1250020. [PMID: 38034581 PMCID: PMC10684941 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1250020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The global healthcare market in the post-pandemic era emphasizes a constant pursuit of therapeutic, adaptogenic, and immune booster drugs. Medicinal plants are the only natural resource to meet this by supplying an array of bioactive secondary metabolites in an economic, greener and sustainable manner. Driven by the thrust in demand for natural immunity imparting nutraceutical and life-saving plant-derived drugs, the acreage for commercial cultivation of medicinal plants has dramatically increased in recent years. Limited resources of land and water, low productivity, poor soil fertility coupled with climate change, and biotic (bacteria, fungi, insects, viruses, nematodes) and abiotic (temperature, drought, salinity, waterlogging, and metal toxicity) stress necessitate medicinal plant productivity enhancement through sustainable strategies. Plants evolved intricate physiological (membrane integrity, organelle structural changes, osmotic adjustments, cell and tissue survival, reclamation, increased root-shoot ratio, antibiosis, hypersensitivity, etc.), biochemical (phytohormones synthesis, proline, protein levels, antioxidant enzymes accumulation, ion exclusion, generation of heat-shock proteins, synthesis of allelochemicals. etc.), and cellular (sensing of stress signals, signaling pathways, modulating expression of stress-responsive genes and proteins, etc.) mechanisms to combat stresses. Endophytes, colonizing in different plant tissues, synthesize novel bioactive compounds that medicinal plants can harness to mitigate environmental cues, thus making the agroecosystems self-sufficient toward green and sustainable approaches. Medicinal plants with a host set of metabolites and endophytes with another set of secondary metabolites interact in a highly complex manner involving adaptive mechanisms, including appropriate cellular responses triggered by stimuli received from the sensors situated on the cytoplasm and transmitting signals to the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus to withstand a stressful environment effectively. Signaling pathways serve as a crucial nexus for sensing stress and establishing plants' proper molecular and cellular responses. However, the underlying mechanisms and critical signaling pathways triggered by endophytic microbes are meager. This review comprehends the diversity of endophytes in medicinal plants and endophyte-mediated plant-microbe interactions for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in medicinal plants by understanding complex adaptive physiological mechanisms and signaling cascades involving defined molecular and cellular responses. Leveraging this knowledge, researchers can design specific microbial formulations that optimize plant health, increase nutrient uptake, boost crop yields, and support a resilient, sustainable agricultural system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Pandey
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
| | - Arpita Tripathi
- Microbial Technology Department, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Faculty of Education, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | - Shweta Dwivedi
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Kanhaiya Lal
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Tripta Jhang
- Division of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resource Conservation, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
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Barathi S, Lee J, Venkatesan R, Vetcher AA. Current Status of Biotechnological Approaches to Enhance the Phytoremediation of Heavy Metals in India-A Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3816. [PMID: 38005713 PMCID: PMC10675783 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Rising waste construction, agricultural actions, and manufacturing sewages all contribute to heavy metal accumulation in water resources. Humans consume heavy metals-contaminated substances to make sustenance, which equally ends up in the food circle. Cleaning of these vital properties, along with the prevention of new pollution, has long been required to evade negative strength consequences. Most wastewater treatment techniques are widely acknowledged to be costly and out of the grasp of governments and small pollution mitigation businesses. Utilizing hyper-accumulator plants that are extremely resilient to heavy metals in the environment/soil, phytoremediation is a practical and promising method for eliminating heavy metals from contaminated environments. This method extracts, degrades, or detoxifies harmful metals using green plants. The three phytoremediation techniques of phytostabilization, phytoextraction, and phytovolatilization have been used extensively for soil remediation. Regarding their ability to be used on a wide scale, conventional phytoremediation methods have significant limitations. Hence, biotechnological attempts to change plants for heavy metal phytoremediation methods are extensively investigated in order to increase plant effectiveness and possible use of improved phytoremediation approaches in the country of India. This review focuses on the advances and significance of phytoremediation accompanied by the removal of various harmful heavy metal contaminants. Similarly, sources, heavy metals status in India, impacts on nature and human health, and variables influencing the phytoremediation of heavy metals have all been covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Barathi
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Jintae Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Raja Venkatesan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea; (J.L.); (R.V.)
| | - Alexandre A. Vetcher
- Institute of Biochemical Technology and Nanotechnology, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117198 Moscow, Russia;
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Kumari P, Deepa N, Trivedi PK, Singh BK, Srivastava V, Singh A. Plants and endophytes interaction: a "secret wedlock" for sustainable biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:226. [PMID: 37925404 PMCID: PMC10625306 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02234-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Many plants possess immense pharmacological properties because of the presence of various therapeutic bioactive secondary metabolites that are of great importance in many pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, to strike a balance between meeting industry demands and conserving natural habitats, medicinal plants are being cultivated on a large scale. However, to enhance the yield and simultaneously manage the various pest infestations, agrochemicals are being routinely used that have a detrimental impact on the whole ecosystem, ranging from biodiversity loss to water pollution, soil degradation, nutrient imbalance and enormous health hazards to both consumers and agricultural workers. To address the challenges, biological eco-friendly alternatives are being looked upon with high hopes where endophytes pitch in as key players due to their tight association with the host plants. The intricate interplay between plants and endophytic microorganisms has emerged as a captivating subject of scientific investigation, with profound implications for the sustainable biosynthesis of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. This review delves into the hidden world of the "secret wedlock" between plants and endophytes, elucidating their multifaceted interactions that underpin the synthesis of bioactive compounds with medicinal significance in their plant hosts. Here, we briefly review endophytic diversity association with medicinal plants and highlight the potential role of core endomicrobiome. We also propose that successful implementation of in situ microbiome manipulation through high-end techniques can pave the way towards a more sustainable and pharmaceutically enriched future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kumari
- Division of Crop Production and Protection, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
| | - Nikky Deepa
- Division of Crop Production and Protection, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Prabodh Kumar Trivedi
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Brajesh K Singh
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2753, Australia
- Global Centre for Land-Based Innovation, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, 2751, Australia
| | - Vaibhav Srivastava
- Division of Glycoscience, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, AlbaNova University Center, 106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Akanksha Singh
- Division of Crop Production and Protection, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, 226015, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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Souza LC, Monteiro GGTN, Marinho RKM, Souza EFL, Oliveira SCF, Ferreira ACS, Oliveira Neto CF, Okumura RS, Souza LC. Nitrogen metabolism in maize plants submitted to drought, brassinosteroids and azospirillum. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 83:e276264. [PMID: 37937632 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.276264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The water deficit in particular, reduces the productivity of vegetable crops. To minimize these harmful effects on agriculture, several agronomic and physiological practices are being studied, such as the use of bacteria and water stress attenuators, such as brassinosteroids. Considering the socioeconomic relevance of corn culture and its sensitivity when exposed to water deficit, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the action of brassinosteroids and azospirillum on nitrogen metabolism in corn plants subjected to water stress conditions. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a period of 47 days, with corn plants, using the hybrid K9606 VIP3. The design was completely randomized, in a 2x2x3 factorial scheme, with six replications. The first factor corresponds to two water regimes (presence and absence of water deficit). The second corresponds to inoculation via seed of Azospirillum brasiliense and absence of inoculation. And the third corresponds to the application of three concentrations of brassinosteroids (0, 0.3 and 0.6 μM). Were determined Nitrate; nitrate reductase; free ammonium; total soluble aminoacids; soluble proteins; proline; glycine betaine and glutamine synthetase. The lack of water in plants provided a reduction in the protein and nitrate reductase contents, in leaves and roots. For ammonium, plants with water deficit inoculated at a concentration of 0.3 μM, obtained an increase of 7.16 (70.26%) and 13.89 (77.04%) mmol NH4 + .Kg-1. DM (Dry mass) on the leaf and root respectively. The water deficit in the soil provided significant increases in the concentrations of glycine betaine, nitrate, proline and aminoacids, both in the leaves and in the roots of the corn plants. On the other hand, the contents of glutamine synthetase had a reduction in both leaves and roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Souza
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | | | - R K M Marinho
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - E F L Souza
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - S C F Oliveira
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - A C S Ferreira
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - C F Oliveira Neto
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - R S Okumura
- Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia - UFRA, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Belém, PA, Brasil
| | - L C Souza
- Universidade Federal do Maranhão - UFMA, Centro de Ciencias Agrarias e Ambientais, Campus Chapadinha, Chapadinha, MA, Brasil
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Liu Y, Zhang B, Yao Y, Wang B, Cao Y, Shen Y, Jia X, Xu F, Song Z, Zhao C, Gao H, Guo P. Insight into the plant-associated bacterial interactions: Role for plant arsenic extraction and carbon fixation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 894:164960. [PMID: 37348724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the interactions between rhizosphere and endosphere bacteria during phytoextraction and how the interactions affect arsenic (As) extraction and carbon (C) fixation of plants. Pot experiments, high-throughput sequencing, metabonomics, and network analysis were integrated. Results showed that positive correlations dominated the interconnections within modules (>95 %), among modules (100 %), and among keystone taxa (>72 %) in the bacterial networks of plant rhizosphere, root endosphere, and shoot endosphere. This confirmed that cooperative interactions occurred between bacteria in the rhizosphere and endosphere during phytoextraction. Modules and keystone taxa positively correlating with plant As extraction and C fixation were identified, indicating that modules and keystone taxa promoted plant As extraction and C fixation simultaneously. This is mainly because modules and keystone taxa in plant rhizosphere, root endosphere, and shoot endosphere carried arsenate reduction and C fixation genes. Meanwhile, they up-regulated the significant metabolites related to plant As tolerance. Additionally, shoot C fixation increased peroxidase activity and biomass thereby facilitating plant As extraction was confirmed. This study revealed the mechanisms of plant-associated bacterial interactions contributing to plant As extraction and C fixation. More importantly, this study provided a new angle of view that phytoextraction can be applied to achieve multiple environmental goals, such as simultaneous soil remediation and C neutrality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Baiyu Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada A1B 3X5
| | - Ye Yao
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yiqi Cao
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada A1B 3X5
| | - Yanping Shen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Fukai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Ziwei Song
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Chengpeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - HongJie Gao
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing 100012, PR China.
| | - Ping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment Ministry of Education, College of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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Gao L, Kantar MB, Moxley D, Ortiz-Barrientos D, Rieseberg LH. Crop adaptation to climate change: An evolutionary perspective. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:1518-1546. [PMID: 37515323 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The disciplines of evolutionary biology and plant and animal breeding have been intertwined throughout their development, with responses to artificial selection yielding insights into the action of natural selection and evolutionary biology providing statistical and conceptual guidance for modern breeding. Here we offer an evolutionary perspective on a grand challenge of the 21st century: feeding humanity in the face of climate change. We first highlight promising strategies currently under way to adapt crops to current and future climate change. These include methods to match crop varieties with current and predicted environments and to optimize breeding goals, management practices, and crop microbiomes to enhance yield and sustainable production. We also describe the promise of crop wild relatives and recent technological innovations such as speed breeding, genomic selection, and genome editing for improving environmental resilience of existing crop varieties or for developing new crops. Next, we discuss how methods and theory from evolutionary biology can enhance these existing strategies and suggest novel approaches. We focus initially on methods for reconstructing the evolutionary history of crops and their pests and symbionts, because such historical information provides an overall framework for crop-improvement efforts. We then describe how evolutionary approaches can be used to detect and mitigate the accumulation of deleterious mutations in crop genomes, identify alleles and mutations that underlie adaptation (and maladaptation) to agricultural environments, mitigate evolutionary trade-offs, and improve critical proteins. Continuing feedback between the evolution and crop biology communities will ensure optimal design of strategies for adapting crops to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lexuan Gao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Michael B Kantar
- Department of Tropical Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Dylan Moxley
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel Ortiz-Barrientos
- School of Biological Sciences and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and Agriculture, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Loren H Rieseberg
- Department of Botany and Biodiversity Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Anand U, Pal T, Yadav N, Singh VK, Tripathi V, Choudhary KK, Shukla AK, Sunita K, Kumar A, Bontempi E, Ma Y, Kolton M, Singh AK. Current Scenario and Future Prospects of Endophytic Microbes: Promising Candidates for Abiotic and Biotic Stress Management for Agricultural and Environmental Sustainability. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2023; 86:1455-1486. [PMID: 36917283 PMCID: PMC10497456 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-023-02190-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Globally, substantial research into endophytic microbes is being conducted to increase agricultural and environmental sustainability. Endophytic microbes such as bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi inhabit ubiquitously within the tissues of all plant species without causing any harm or disease. Endophytes form symbiotic relationships with diverse plant species and can regulate numerous host functions, including resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, growth and development, and stimulating immune systems. Moreover, plant endophytes play a dominant role in nutrient cycling, biodegradation, and bioremediation, and are widely used in many industries. Endophytes have a stronger predisposition for enhancing mineral and metal solubility by cells through the secretion of organic acids with low molecular weight and metal-specific ligands (such as siderophores) that alter soil pH and boost binding activity. Finally, endophytes synthesize various bioactive compounds with high competence that are promising candidates for new drugs, antibiotics, and medicines. Bioprospecting of endophytic novel secondary metabolites has given momentum to sustainable agriculture for combating environmental stresses. Biotechnological interventions with the aid of endophytes played a pivotal role in crop improvement to mitigate biotic and abiotic stress conditions like drought, salinity, xenobiotic compounds, and heavy metals. Identification of putative genes from endophytes conferring resistance and tolerance to crop diseases, apart from those involved in the accumulation and degradation of contaminants, could open new avenues in agricultural research and development. Furthermore, a detailed molecular and biochemical understanding of endophyte entry and colonization strategy in the host would better help in manipulating crop productivity under changing climatic conditions. Therefore, the present review highlights current research trends based on the SCOPUS database, potential biotechnological interventions of endophytic microorganisms in combating environmental stresses influencing crop productivity, future opportunities of endophytes in improving plant stress tolerance, and their contribution to sustainable remediation of hazardous environmental contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttpal Anand
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel.
| | - Tarun Pal
- Zuckerberg Institute for Water Research, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Niraj Yadav
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Vipin Kumar Singh
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya affiliated to Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vijay Tripathi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Engineering, Jacob Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Krishna Kumar Choudhary
- Department of Botany, Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Awadhesh Kumar Shukla
- Department of Botany, K.S. Saket P.G. College, Ayodhya affiliated to Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, 224123, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumari Sunita
- Department of Botany, Deen Dayal Upadhyay Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, 273009, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 15159, 7505101, Rishon, Lezion, Israel
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and Chemistry for Technologies Laboratory, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Ying Ma
- Centre for Functional Ecology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Max Kolton
- French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sde Boker Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Amit Kishore Singh
- Department of Botany, Bhagalpur National College (A constituent unit of Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University), Bhagalpur, 812007, Bihar, India.
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Wang YL, Zhang HB. Assembly and Function of Seed Endophytes in Response to Environmental Stress. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 33:1119-1129. [PMID: 37311706 PMCID: PMC10580892 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2303.03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seeds are colonized by diverse microorganisms that can improve the growth and stress resistance of host plants. Although understanding the mechanisms of plant endophyte-host plant interactions is increasing, much of this knowledge does not come from seed endophytes, particularly under environmental stress that the plant host grows to face, including biotic (e.g., pathogens, herbivores and insects) and abiotic factors (e.g., drought, heavy metals and salt). In this article, we first provided a framework for the assembly and function of seed endophytes and discussed the sources and assembly process of seed endophytes. Following that, we reviewed the impact of environmental factors on the assembly of seed endophytes. Lastly, we explored recent advances in the growth promotion and stress resistance enhancement of plants, functioning by seed endophytes under various biotic and abiotic stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Lan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, P.R. China
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Liu J, Xu H, Wang Z, Liu J, Gong X. Core Endophytic Bacteria and Their Roles in the Coralloid Roots of Cultivated Cycas revoluta (Cycadaceae). Microorganisms 2023; 11:2364. [PMID: 37764208 PMCID: PMC10537169 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a gymnosperm group, cycads are known for their ancient origin and specialized coralloid root, which can be used as an ideal system to explore the interaction between host and associated microorganisms. Previous studies have revealed that some nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria contribute greatly to the composition of the endophytic microorganisms in cycad coralloid roots. However, the roles of host and environment in shaping the composition of endophytic bacteria during the recruitment process remain unclear. Here, we determined the diversity, composition, and function prediction of endophytic bacteria from the coralloid roots of a widely cultivated cycad, Cycas revoluta Thunb. Using next-generation sequencing techniques, we comprehensively investigated the diversity and community structure of the bacteria in coralloid roots and bulk soils sampled from 11 sites in China, aiming to explore the variations in core endophytic bacteria and to predict their potential functions. We found a higher microbe diversity in bulk soils than in coralloid roots. Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the diversity and composition of endophytic bacteria across different localities, and the same result was found after removing cyanobacteria. Desmonostoc was the most dominant in coralloid roots, followed by Nostoc, yet these two cyanobacteria were not shared by all samples. Rhodococcus, Edaphobacter, Niastella, Nordella, SH-PL14, and Virgisporangium were defined as the core microorganisms in coralloid roots. A function prediction analysis revealed that endophytic bacteria majorly participated in the plant uptake of phosphorus and metal ions and in disease resistance. These results indicate that the community composition of the bacteria in coralloid roots is affected by both the host and environment, in which the host is more decisive. Despite the very small proportion of core microbes, their interactions are significant and likely contribute to functions related to host survival. Our study contributes to an understanding of microbial diversity and composition in cycads, and it expands the knowledge on the association between hosts and symbiotic microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiating Liu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhaochun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, China; (J.L.); (H.X.); (Z.W.)
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Marchut-Mikołajczyk O, Chlebicz M, Kawecka M, Michalak A, Prucnal F, Nielipinski M, Filipek J, Jankowska M, Perek Z, Drożdżyński P, Rutkowska N, Otlewska A. Endophytic bacteria isolated from Urtica dioica L.- preliminary screening for enzyme and polyphenols production. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:169. [PMID: 37649058 PMCID: PMC10466763 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02167-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytes, especially those isolated from herbal plants, may act as a reservoir of a variety of secondary metabolites exhibiting biological activity. Some endophytes express the ability to produce the same bioactive compounds as their plant hosts, making them a more sustainable industrial supply of these substances. Urtica dioica L. (common stinging nettle) is a synanthropic plant that is widely used in herbal medicine due to the diversity of bioactive chemicals it contains, e.g., polyphenols, which demonstrate anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancerous capabilities. This study aimed at isolating endophytic bacteria from stinging nettles for their bioactive compounds. The endophytic isolates were identified by both biochemical and molecular methods (16S rRNA) and investigated for enzymes, biosurfactants, and polyphenols production. Each of the isolated bacterial strains was capable of producing biosurfactants and polyphenols. However, three of the isolated endophytes, identified as two strains of Bacillus cereus and one strain of Bacillus mycoides, possessed the greatest capacity to produce biosurfactants and polyphenols. The derivatized extracts from culture liquid showed the 1.633 mol l-1 (9.691 mg l-1) concentration of polyphenol compounds. Therefore, the present study signifies that endophytic B. cereus and B. mycoides isolated from Urtica dioica L. could be a potential source of biosurfactants and polyphenols. However, further study is required to understand the mechanism of the process and achieve efficient polyphenol production by endophytic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Marchut-Mikołajczyk
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Chlebicz
- Biotechnology Students Association Ferment, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Kawecka
- Biotechnology Students Association Ferment, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Michalak
- Biotechnology Students Association Ferment, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
| | - Filip Prucnal
- Biotechnology Students Association Ferment, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
| | - Maciej Nielipinski
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537, Lodz, Poland
| | - Jakub Filipek
- Biotechnology Students Association Ferment, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
| | - Michalina Jankowska
- Biotechnology Students Association Ferment, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
| | - Zofia Perek
- Biotechnology Students Association Ferment, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Drożdżyński
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537, Lodz, Poland
| | - Natalia Rutkowska
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Otlewska
- Institute of Fermentation Technology And Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-530, Lodz, Poland
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40
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Cheng G, Cheng Y, Rahman E. Diversity analysis of Populus euphratica endophytic bacteria in Tarim River Basin, China. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15934. [PMID: 37663304 PMCID: PMC10470447 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The bacterial diversity in Populus euphratica stem storage liquid samples grown in Shaya County and Yuli County of the Tarim River Basin was investigated. A culture-dependent (dilution spread plate method) and culture-independent method (PCR-RFLP technique) were used to identify the endophytic bacteria community structure and composition in P. euphratica in Tarim River Basin. Sixty-six bacterial strains were isolated from P. euphratica stem storage liquid samples on three agar media. The 16S rDNA gene was amplified and sequenced using bacterial universal primers. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the 66 strains belonged to three phyla (Firmicutes, Actinomycetes, and Gamma-Proteobacteria) and included 16 genera and 29 species. Among them, Pseudomonas (27.27%) and Bacillus (19.69%) were the dominant isolates. CGM-17 was a potentially new species of Pantoea. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of 16S rDNA gene amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR-RFLP) revealed 48 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the 48 OTUs belonged to Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria (α-, β-, γ-subgroup), Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia. Gamma-Proteobacteria was the dominant group, similarly to the culture-dependent method, accounting for 53% of the entire bacterial clone library. Our results indicate that P. euphratica endophytic bacteria diversity in the Tarim River Basin was rich, and the resources of endophytic bacteria were high. They provide valuable reference data and species resources for screening indigenous and functional strains of endophytic bacteria in P. euphratica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Cheng
- Shangrao Normal University, College of Life Science, Shangrao, Jiangxi, China
- Xinjiang Academy of Environmental Protection Science, Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Risk Warning, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
- Xinjiang University, College of Life Science and Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Xinjiang Academy of Environmental Protection Science, Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Risk Warning, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Erkin Rahman
- Xinjiang University, College of Life Science and Technology, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
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Liu X, Zhu X, Dong Y, Chen Y, Li M, Li C. Limited Impact of Soil Microorganisms on the Endophytic Bacteria of Tartary Buckwheat ( Fagopyrum tataricum). Microorganisms 2023; 11:2085. [PMID: 37630645 PMCID: PMC10458046 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11082085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil has been considered the main microbial reservoir for plants, but the robustness of the plant microbiome when the soil resource is removed has not been greatly considered. In the present study, we tested the robustness of the microbiota recruited by Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.), grown on sterile humus soil and irrigated with sterile water. Our results showed that the microbiomes of the leaf, stem, root and next-generation seeds were comparable between treated (grown in sterile soil) and control plants (grown in non-sterile soil), indicating that the plants had alternative robust ways to shape their microbiome. Seed microbiota contributed greatly to endophyte communities in the phyllosphere, rhizosphere and next-generation seeds. The microbiome originated from the seeds conferred clear benefits to seedling growth because seedling height and the number of leaves were significantly increased when grown in sterilized soil. The overall microbiome of the plant was affected very little by the removal of the soil microbial resource. The microbial co-occurrence network exhibited more interactions, and Proteobacteria was enriched in the root of Tartary buckwheat planted in sterilized soil. Our research broadens the understanding of the general principles governing microbiome assembly and is widely applicable to both microbiome modeling and sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Xishen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Yumei Dong
- Yunnan-Taiwan Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Agriculture Industrialization of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China;
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Meifang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.L.)
- College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Chengyun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China; (X.L.); (X.Z.); (Y.C.); (M.L.)
- Yunnan-CABI Joint Laboratory for Integrated Prevention and Control of Transboundary Pests, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
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Ren H, Wang G, Ding W, Li H, Shen X, Shen D, Jiang X, Qadeer A. Response of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microbial community to submerged macrophytes restoration in lakes: A review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116185. [PMID: 37207736 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play a crucial role in the biogeochemical processes of Dissolved Organic Matter (DOM), and the properties of DOM also significantly influence changes in microbial community characteristics. This interdependent relationship is vital for the flow of matter and energy within aquatic ecosystems. The presence, growth state, and community characteristics of submerged macrophytes determine the susceptibility of lakes to eutrophication, and restoring a healthy submerged macrophyte community is an effective way to address this issue. However, the transition from eutrophic lakes dominated by planktic algae to medium or low trophic lakes dominated by submerged macrophytes involves significant changes. Changes in aquatic vegetation have greatly affected the source, composition, and bioavailability of DOM. The adsorption and fixation functions of submerged macrophytes determine the migration and storage of DOM and other substances from water to sediment. Submerged macrophytes regulate the characteristics and distribution of microbial communities by controlling the distribution of carbon sources and nutrients in the lake. They further affect the characteristics of the microbial community in the lake environment through their unique epiphytic microorganisms. The unique process of submerged macrophyte recession or restoration can alter the DOM-microbial interaction pattern in lakes through its dual effects on DOM and microbial commu-----nities, ultimately changing the stability of carbon and mineralization pathways in lakes, such as the release of methane and other greenhouse gases. This review provides a fresh perspective on the dynamic changes of DOM and the role of the microbiome in the future of lake ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Ren
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China; National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Guoxi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Wanchang Ding
- National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - He Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xian Shen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Dongbo Shen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Abdul Qadeer
- National Engineering Laboratory of Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
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Delbari Y, Mohassel Y, Kakaei E, Bahrami Y. Identification and anti-bacterial property of endophytic actinobacteria from Thymes kotschyanus, Allium hooshidaryae, and Cerasus microcarpa. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13145. [PMID: 37573468 PMCID: PMC10423286 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40478-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The arbitrary and overuses of antibiotics have resulted in the emergence of multidrug resistance bacteria which encounters human to a serious public health problem. Thus, there is an ever-increasing demand for discovery of novel effective antibiotics with new modes of function against resistant pathogens. Endophytic actinobacteria (EA) have currently been considered as one of the most prospective group of microorganisms for discovery of therapeutic agents. This study aimed to isolate EA from Thymes kotschyanus, Allium hooshidaryae, and Cerasus microcarpa plants and to evaluate their antibacterial properties. The healthy samples were collected, dissected and surface-sterilized before cultured on four different selection media at 28 °C. Nine EA were isolated and identified based on morphological and molecular properties, and scanning electron micrograph analyses. Based on phylogenetic analysis, they were taxonomically grouped into four families Streptomycetaceae, Nocardiaceae, Micromonosporaceae, and Pseudonocardiaceae. Their branched aerial mycelia produced chains of cylindrical or cube or oval shaped spores with smooth or rough surfaces. Four strains; IKBG03, IKBG05, IKBG13, and IKBG17 had less than 98.65% sequence similarity to their closely related strains, which constitute them as novel species/strains. Besides, three strains; IKBG05, IKBG13, and IKBG18 were reported as endophytes for the first time. Preliminary antibacterial activity conducted on the all isolates revealed potent antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All isolates strongly inhibited the growth of at least one of the tested pathogens. Our results reveals that the test plants are novel sources for isolating a diverse group of rare and common actinobacteria that could produce a wide range of novel biologically active natural products with antibacterial activity which have a great potential in pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Delbari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yaser Mohassel
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elham Kakaei
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yadollah Bahrami
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia.
- Advanced Marine Biomanufacturing Laboratory, Centre for Marine Bioproducts Development, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, 5042, Australia.
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Yang S, Lu C, Qin C, Lu C, Pan Z, Zhao L, Bai M, Li X, Sun Y, Weng L, Li Y. Mitigation effects and microbial mechanism of two ecological earthworms on the uptake of chlortetracycline and antibiotic resistance genes in lettuce. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 885:163907. [PMID: 37149170 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of greenhouse vegetable soils with antibiotics and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), caused by the application of livestock and poultry manure, is a prominent environmental problem. In this study, the effects of two ecological earthworms (endogeic Metaphire guillelmi and epigeic Eisenia fetida) on the accumulation and transfer of chlortetracycline (CTC) and ARGs in a soil-lettuce system were studied via pot experiments. The results revealed that earthworm application accelerated the removal of the CTC from the soil and lettuce roots and leaves, with the CTC content reducing by 11.7-22.8 %, 15.7-36.1 %, and 8.93-19.6 % compared with that of the control, respectively. Both earthworms significantly reduced the CTC uptake by lettuce roots from the soil (P < 0.05) but did not change the CTC transfer efficiency from the roots to leaves. The high-throughput quantitative PCR results showed that the relative abundance of ARGs in the soil and lettuce roots and leaves decreased by 22.4-27.0 %, 25.1-44.1 %, and 24.4-25.4 %, respectively, with the application of earthworms. Earthworm addition decreased the interspecific bacterial interactions and the relative abundance of mobile genetic elements (MGEs), which helped reduce the dissemination of ARGs. Furthermore, some indigenous soil antibiotic degraders (Pseudomonas, Flavobacterium, Sphingobium, and Microbacterium) were stimulated by the earthworms. The results of redundancy analysis indicated that the bacterial community composition, CTC residues, and MGEs were the main parameters affecting the distribution of ARGs, accounting for 91.1 % of the total distribution. In addition, the bacterial function prediction results showed that the addition of earthworms reduced the abundance of some pathogenic bacteria in the system. Overall, our findings imply that earthworm application can substantially reduce the accumulation and transmission risk of antibiotics and ARGs in soil-lettuce systems, providing a cost-effective soil bioremediation practice for addressing antibiotic and ARGs contamination to guarantee the safety of vegetables and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Side Yang
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Chenxi Lu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Cheng Qin
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Chang Lu
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China; College of Resources & Environment of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zheng Pan
- Agricultural Products Processing Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524001, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China.
| | - Mohan Bai
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Yang Sun
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China
| | - Liping Weng
- Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Key Laboratory of Original Agro-Environmental Pollution Prevention and Control, MARA/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Tianjin 300191, China; Department of Soil Quality, Wageningen University, Wageningen 6700, HB, the Netherlands
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Kaur G, Patel A, Dwibedi V, Rath SK. Harnessing the action mechanisms of microbial endophytes for enhancing plant performance and stress tolerance: current understanding and future perspectives. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:303. [PMID: 37561224 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03643-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbial endophytes are microorganisms that reside within plant tissues without causing any harm to their hosts. These microorganisms have been found to confer a range of benefits to plants, including increased growth and stress tolerance. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms by which microbial endophytes confer abiotic and biotic stress tolerance to their host plants. Specifically, we focus on the roles of endophytes in enhancing nutrient uptake, modulating plant hormones, producing secondary metabolites, and activating plant defence responses. We also discuss the challenges associated with developing microbial endophyte-based products for commercial use, including product refinement, toxicology analysis, and prototype formulation. Despite these challenges, there is growing interest in the potential applications of microbial endophytes in agriculture and environmental remediation. With further research and development, microbial endophyte-based products have the potential to play a significant role in sustainable agriculture and environmental management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gursharan Kaur
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India
| | - Arvind Patel
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India
| | - Vagish Dwibedi
- University Institute of Biotechnology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, India.
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Resaerch Center, Agricultural Research Organization, 7528809, Rishon Lezion, Israel.
| | - Santosh Kumar Rath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceuticals and Population Health Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, DIT University, Dehradun, 248009, Uttarakhand, India.
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Ameer S, Ibrahim H, Yaseen MU, Kulsoom F, Cinti S, Sher M. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy-Based Sensing of Biofilms: A Comprehensive Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:777. [PMID: 37622863 PMCID: PMC10452506 DOI: 10.3390/bios13080777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that can form on various surfaces, including medical devices, industrial equipment, and natural environments. The presence of biofilms can lead to a range of problems, including infections, reduced efficiency and failure of equipment, biofouling or spoilage, and environmental damage. As a result, there is a growing need for tools to measure and monitor levels of biofilms in various biomedical, pharmaceutical, and food processing settings. In recent years, electrochemical impedance sensing has emerged as a promising approach for real-time, non-destructive, and rapid monitoring of biofilms. This article sheds light on electrochemical sensing for measuring biofilms, including its high sensitivity, non-destructive nature, versatility, low cost, and real-time monitoring capabilities. We also discussed some electrochemical sensing applications for studying biofilms in medical, environmental, and industrial settings. This article also presents future perspectives for research that would lead to the creation of reliable, quick, easy-to-use biosensors mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and unmanned ground vehicles (UGVs), utilizing artificial intelligence-based terminologies to detect biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikander Ameer
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Hussam Ibrahim
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Muhammad Usama Yaseen
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Fnu Kulsoom
- Department of Zoology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Havelian 22500, Pakistan
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- BAT Center-Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Mazhar Sher
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
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Liu R, Chen M, Liu B, Huang K, Mao Z, Li H, Zhao J. A root-knot nematode effector manipulates the rhizosphere microbiome for establishing parasitism relationship with hosts. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1217863. [PMID: 37538840 PMCID: PMC10395084 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1217863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Root-knot nematode (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the most infamous soilborne plant diseases, causing severe crop losses every year. Effector proteins secreted by RKNs play crucial roles during plant-nematode interaction. However, less is known about whether RKN effector proteins can impact the rhizosphere microbial environment. Methods In this study, we investigated the rhizosphere microbiome community of MiMIF-2 (a plant immunity-modulating effector) transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana with or without nematode infection using the Illumina high-throughput sequencing analysis. Results and discussion The results showed that the bacterial species richness index increased, while the fungi species richness index decreased in M. incognita-infected MiMIF-2 transgenic A. thaliana plants. The relative abundance of genera such as Clitopilus, Komagataeibacter, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, Moritella, Vibrio, Escherichia-Shigella, and Pseudomonas was reduced in MiMIF-2 transgenic A. thaliana plants compared to wild type, but was significantly increased after inoculation with M. incognita. The Cluster of Orthologous Genes (COG) function classification analysis revealed a decrease in the relative abundance of defense mechanisms, secondary metabolite biosynthesis, transport, and nematode infection catabolism-related functions in MiMIF-2 lines compared to the wild type. These differences may be the reason for the increased susceptibility of MiMIF-2 transgenic A. thaliana to nematode infection. Our results provide a new insight into RKN effector proteins and their association with the microbial community, host, and plant pathogens, which will lead to the exploration of new innovative ideas for future biological control of RKNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Mengfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Boliang Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaiwei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchuan Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huixia Li
- College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University/Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Hanifah NASB, Ghadamgahi F, Ghosh S, Ortiz R, Whisson SC, Vetukuri RR, Kalyandurg PB. Comparative transcriptome profiling provides insights into the growth promotion activity of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain SLU99 in tomato and potato plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1141692. [PMID: 37534284 PMCID: PMC10393259 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1141692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of biocontrol agents with plant growth-promoting activity has emerged as an approach to support sustainable agriculture. During our field evaluation of potato plants treated with biocontrol rhizobacteria, four bacteria were associated with increased plant height. Using two important solanaceous crop plants, tomato and potato, we carried out a comparative analysis of the growth-promoting activity of the four bacterial strains: Pseudomonas fluorescens SLU99, Serratia plymuthica S412, S. rubidaea AV10, and S. rubidaea EV23. Greenhouse and in vitro experiments showed that P. fluorescens SLU99 promoted plant height, biomass accumulation, and yield of potato and tomato plants, while EV23 promoted growth in potato but not in tomato plants. SLU99 induced the expression of plant hormone-related genes in potato and tomato, especially those involved in maintaining homeostasis of auxin, cytokinin, gibberellic acid and ethylene. Our results reveal potential mechanisms underlying the growth promotion and biocontrol effects of these rhizobacteria and suggest which strains may be best deployed for sustainably improving crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Atilia Shafienaz binti Hanifah
- Department of Plant Breeding, Horticum, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
- Agrobiodiversity and Environment Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Farideh Ghadamgahi
- Department of Plant Breeding, Horticum, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
| | - Samrat Ghosh
- Department of Plant Breeding, Horticum, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
| | - Rodomiro Ortiz
- Department of Plant Breeding, Horticum, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
| | - Stephen C. Whisson
- Cell and Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ramesh R. Vetukuri
- Department of Plant Breeding, Horticum, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
| | - Pruthvi B. Kalyandurg
- Department of Plant Breeding, Horticum, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lomma, Sweden
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Jha P, Kaur T, Chhabra I, Panja A, Paul S, Kumar V, Malik T. Endophytic fungi: hidden treasure chest of antimicrobial metabolites interrelationship of endophytes and metabolites. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1227830. [PMID: 37497538 PMCID: PMC10366620 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1227830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi comprise host-associated fungal communities which thrive within the tissues of host plants and produce a diverse range of secondary metabolites with various bioactive attributes. The metabolites such as phenols, polyketides, saponins, alkaloids help to mitigate biotic and abiotic stresses, fight against pathogen attacks and enhance the plant immune system. We present an overview of the association of endophytic fungal communities with a plant host and discuss molecular mechanisms induced during their symbiotic interaction. The overview focuses on the secondary metabolites (especially those of terpenoid nature) secreted by endophytic fungi and their respective function. The recent advancement in multi-omics approaches paved the way for identification of these metabolites and their characterization via comparative analysis of extensive omics datasets. This study also elaborates on the role of diverse endophytic fungi associated with key agricultural crops and hence important for sustainability of agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Tamanna Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | | | - Avirup Panja
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sushreeta Paul
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Faculty of Technology and Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Tabarak Malik
- Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
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50
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Sun T, Yang Y, Duan K, Liao Y, Zhang Z, Guan Z, Chen S, Fang W, Chen F, Zhao S. Biodiversity of Endophytic Microbes in Diverse Tea Chrysanthemum Cultivars and Their Potential Promoting Effects on Plant Growth and Quality. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:986. [PMID: 37508417 PMCID: PMC10376344 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The endophytic microbiomes significantly differed across tea chrysanthemum cultivars and organs (stems and leaves). The most abundant endophytic bacterial genera were Pseudomonas, Masillia, and Enterobacter in the leaves and Sphingomonas and Curtobacterium in the stems of the five cultivars. Meanwhile, the most abundant endophytic fungal genera in the leaves and stems of the five tea chrysanthemums were Alternaria, Cladosporium, and Sporobolomyces. Specifically, Rhodotorula was dominant in the leaves of 'Jinsi huangjv' and Paraphoma was dominant in the stems of 'Jinsi huangjv'. In all cultivars, the diversity and richness of endophytic bacteria were higher in leaves than in stems (p < 0.05). The highest diversity and richness of endophytic bacteria were recorded in 'Chujv', followed by 'Jinsi huangjv', 'Fubai jv', 'Nannong jinjv', and 'Hangbai jv'. Meanwhile, endophytic fungi were less pronounced. Twenty-seven and 15 cultivable endophytic bacteria and fungi were isolated, four isolated endophytic bacteria, namely, CJY1 (Bacillus oryzaecorticis), CY2 (Pseudomonas psychrotolerans), JSJ7, and JSJ17 (Enterobacter cloacae) showed higher indole acetic acid production ability. Further field studies indicated that inoculation of these four endophytic bacteria not only promoted plant growth and yield but also increased total flavonoids, chlorogenic acid, luteolin, and 3,5-dicoffeylquinic acid levels in the dry flowers of tea chrysanthemums.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yanrong Yang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Kuolin Duan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhiyong Guan
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Sumei Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Weimin Fang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Fadi Chen
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Landscaping, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210095, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology of Ornamental Plants in East China, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Nanjing 210095, China
- Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, No.50 Zhongling Street, Nanjing 210014, China
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