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Khan H, Sher SA, Hanif MI, Zemawal NA, Ahmad A, Khan F, Daftani MH. Prevalence, Proportions, and Identities of Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in the Oral Microflora of Healthy Children. Cureus 2024; 16:e67277. [PMID: 39301370 PMCID: PMC11411487 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Antibiotic resistance is a global health concern, yet research on the identities and proportions of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the oral microflora of healthy children remains limited. These resistant bacteria could play a role in various conditions, such as dental infections, periodontitis, or systemic infections following dental procedures, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, proportions, and identities of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the oral microflora of healthy children. Methodology This cross-sectional study, conducted from January to December 2023 across three tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar, Pakistan, involved 364 healthy children aged 7-13 years. Data on antibiotic use were collected via structured interviews and medical records, detailing specific antibiotics (e.g., amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, azithromycin), including dosage, duration, and reason for use. Oral swabs were taken from various sites in the oral cavity using sterile techniques and analyzed using microbiological culture methods and polymerase chain reaction to identify antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS version 27.0, utilizing chi-square tests to explore associations between demographic factors and resistance patterns, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results Significant proportions of antibiotic use were found among the participants: 172 (47.25%) received penicillins, 91 (25.00%) cephalosporins, and 101 (27.75%) macrolides, with associated side effects including gastrointestinal disorders and allergic responses. Age and gender differences were observed in antibiotic resistance proportions: among 7-9-year-olds, resistance to penicillins was 44 (18.33%), to cephalosporins 29 (12.08%), and to macrolides 33 (13.75%). In contrast, among 10-13-year-olds, these proportions increased to 55 (22.92%), 36 (15.00%), and 43 (17.92%), respectively. Male participants exhibited resistance to cephalosporins at a proportion of 24 (10.00%), to macrolides 45 (18.75%), and to penicillin 46 (19.17%), while female participants showed proportions of 53 (22.08%), 41 (17.08%), and 31 (12.92%), respectively. Among oral swab locations, the buccal mucosa had the highest resistance proportions: 35 (14.58%) to penicillins, 27 (11.25%) to cephalosporins, and 33 (13.92%) to macrolides. Specific bacterial species showed distinct resistance patterns, with notable proportions observed in Staphylococcus aureus (n=18; 50.00%, n=12; 33.33%, and n=6; 16.67%, respectively), Escherichia coli (n=16; 40.00%, n=10; 25.00%, and n=14; 35.00%, respectively), Enterococcus faecalis (n=29; 45.31%, n=14; 21.88%, and n=21; 32.81%, respectively), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=19; 36.54%, n=13; 25.00%, and n=20; 38.46%, respectively). Conclusions This study focused on healthy children aged 7-13 years in Peshawar, Pakistan, to assess the prevalence and types of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in their oral microbiota. The findings highlight resistance patterns by age, gender, and bacterial species. However, the regional context may limit the generalizability of these results. Differences in local antibiotic use, healthcare practices, and environmental factors could influence resistance patterns in other regions. Future research should expand to include diverse geographic locations to evaluate the broader applicability of these findings and identify region-specific factors affecting antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haris Khan
- Medicine and Surgery, Rehman Medical Institute, Peshawar, PAK
| | | | - Misbah Iqbal Hanif
- Pediatric Endocrinology, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, PAK
- Clinical Genetics, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK
| | | | - Afiyat Ahmad
- Medicine and Surgery, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, PAK
| | - Farzeen Khan
- Community Dentistry, Peshawar Dental College, Peshawar, PAK
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Guo Z, Feng S, Liang L, Wu Z, Min L, Wang R, Li J, Zhong LL, Zhao H, Chen X, Tian GB, Yang JR. Assessment of the reversibility of resistance in the absence of antibiotics and its relationship with the resistance gene's fitness cost: a genetic study with mcr-1. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024; 5:100846. [PMID: 38870982 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The intensive use of antibiotics has resulted in strong natural selection for the evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), but whether, and under what circumstances, the removal of antibiotics would result in a rapid reduction in AMR has been insufficiently explored. We aimed to test the hypothesis that in the simple, yet common, case of AMR conferred by a single gene, removing antibiotics would quickly reduce the prevalence of resistance if the AMR gene imposes a high fitness cost and costless resistance is extremely rare among its proximal mutants. METHODS In this genetic study, to test our hypothesis, we used the mcr-1 gene in Escherichia coli, which confers resistance to the last-resort antibiotic colistin, as a model. A high-throughput reverse genetics approach was used to evaluate mcr-1 variants for their fitness cost and resistance levels relative to a non-functional construct, by measuring relative growth rates in colistin-free media and at 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL colistin. We identified costless resistant mcr-1 mutants, and examined their properties within the context of the sequential organisation of mcr-1's functional domains as well as the evolutionary accessibility of these mutations. Finally, a simple population genetic model incorporating the measured fitness cost was constructed and tested against previously published real-world data of mcr-1 prevalence in colonised inpatients in China since the 2017 colistin ban in fodder additives. FINDINGS We estimated the relative growth rates of 14 742 mcr-1 E coli variants (including the wild type), 3449 of which were single-nucleotide mutants. E coli showed 73·8% less growth per 24 h when carrying wild-type mcr-1 compared with the non-functional construct. 6252 (42·4%) of 14 741 mcr-1 mutants showed colistin resistance accompanied by significant fitness costs, when grown under 4 μg/mL colistin selection. 43 (0·3%) mcr-1 mutants exhibited costless resistance, most of which contained multiple mutations. Among the 3449 single mutants of mcr-1, 3433 (99·5%) had a fitness cost when grown in colistin-free media, with a mean relative growth of 0·305 (SD 0·193) compared with the non-functional variant. 3059 (88·7%) and 1833 (53·1%) of 3449 single mutants outgrew the non-functional mcr-1 in the presence of 2 μg/mL and 4 μg/mL colistin, respectively. Single mutations that gave rise to costless mutants were rare in all three domains of mcr-1 (transmembrane domain, flexible linker, and catalytic domain), but the linker domain was enriched with cost-reducing and resistance-enhancing mutations and depleted with cost-increasing mutations. The population genetics model based on the experimental data accurately predicts the rapid decline in mcr-1 prevalence in real-world data. INTERPRETATION Many identified costless resistant variants that consist of multiple mutations are unlikely to evolve easily in nature. These findings for colistin and mcr-1 might be applicable to other cases in which AMR entails a substantial fitness cost that cannot be mitigated in proximal mutants. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China, and National Key Research and Development Program of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Guo
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Feng
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lujie Liang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuoxing Wu
- Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Min
- Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruizhi Wang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiachen Li
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan-Lan Zhong
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoshu Chen
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Guo-Bao Tian
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jian-Rong Yang
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Department of Genetics and Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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Wang H, Yang Y, Wang S, Badawy S, Ares I, Martínez M, Lopez-Torres B, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Antimicrobial sensitisers: Gatekeepers to avoid the development of multidrug-resistant bacteria. J Control Release 2024; 369:25-38. [PMID: 38508527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The resistance of multidrug-resistant bacteria to existing antibiotics forces the continued development of new antibiotics and antibacterial agents, but the high costs and long timeframe involved in the development of new agents renders the hope that existing antibiotics may again play a part. The "antibiotic adjuvant" is an indirect antibacterial strategy, but its vague concept has, in the past, limited the development speed of related drugs. In this review article, we put forward an accurate concept of a "non-self-antimicrobial sensitisers (NSAS)", to distinguish it from an "antibiotic adjuvant", and then discuss several scientific methods to restore bacterial sensitivity to antibiotics, and the sources and action mechanism of existing NSAS, in order to guide the development and further research of NSAS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanfei Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Simeng Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Sara Badawy
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; Pathology Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Egypt
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital, 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital, 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Bernardo Lopez-Torres
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital, 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital, 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China; MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital, 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), and Research Institute Hospital, 12 de Octubre (i+12), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Zhou X, Wu H, Chen X, Li W, Zhang J, Wang M, Zhang J, Wang S, Liu Y. Glucose-metabolism-triggered colorimetric sensor array for point-of-care differentiation and antibiotic susceptibility testing of bacteria. Food Chem 2024; 438:137983. [PMID: 37989025 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Simple and sensitive discrimination of multiple bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST) are significant for food safety, clinical diagnosis and treatment. Herein, based on different metabolic ability of bacteria on glucose, we presented a colorimetric sensor array for point-of-care testing (POCT) of multiple bacteria with methyl red (MER), bromothymol blue (BTB) and bromocresol green (BCG) as probes. Different bacteria resulted in different color changes of three probes, which was converted to RGB (Red (R)/Green (G)/Blue (B)) signals by the color recognizer APP loaded on smartphone. The sensor array performed differentiation of eleven species of bacteria, achieving the quantitative analysis of individual bacteria in tap water and differentiation of bacterial mixtures. Interestingly, the sensor array can be used for AST and evaluating minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics to bacteria. The research provided meaningful guidance for distinguishing multiple bacteria and evaluating MIC, presenting great potential in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Haotian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Xiying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Weiran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, PR China
| | - Yaqing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
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Pei S, Lai L, Sun W, Lu Z, Hao J, Liu Y, Wu W, Guan S, Su X. Discovery of novel tetrahydrobenzothiophene derivatives as MSBA inhibitors for antimicrobial agents. Bioorg Chem 2024; 142:106932. [PMID: 37913586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria has been one of the most serious health threats in the past and is substantially increasing in an alarming rate. Therefore, the development of new antimicrobial agents to combat bacterial resistance effectively is urgent. This study focused on the design and synthesis of 40 novel tetrahydrobenzothiophene amide/sulfonamide derivatives and their antibacterial activities were evaluated. Compounds 2p, 6p, and 6 s exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the growth of bacteria. To assess their safety, the cytotoxicity of the compounds was assessed using human normal liver cells, revealing that compound 6p has lower cytotoxicity. A mouse wound healing experiment demonstrated that compound 6p effectively improved wound infection induced by trauma and accelerated the healing process. Compound 6p holds promise as a potential therapeutic agent for combating bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuchen Pei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
| | - Lin Lai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Wanlin Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Zhaoyang Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Jielei Hao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
| | - Yuheng Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Wen Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of High Active Traditional Chinese Drug Delivery System, Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing Medical and Pharmaceutical College, Chongqing 404120, PR China.
| | - Shan Guan
- National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Xiaoyan Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, PR China
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Piplani P, Kumar A, Kulshreshtha A, Vohra T, Piplani V. Recent Development of DNA Gyrase Inhibitors: An Update. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:1001-1030. [PMID: 37909434 DOI: 10.2174/0113895575264264230921080718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic or antimicrobial resistance is an urgent global public health threat that occurs when bacterial or fungal infections do not respond to the drug regimen designed to treat these infections. As a result, these microbes are not evaded and continue to grow. Antibiotic resistance against natural and already-known antibiotics like Ciprofloxacin and Novobiocin can be overcome by developing an agent that can act in different ways. The success of agents like Zodiflodacin and Zenoxacin in clinical trials against DNA gyrase inhibitors that act on different sites of DNA gyrase has resulted in further exploration of this target. However, due to the emergence of bacterial resistance against these targets, there is a great need to design agents that can overcome this resistance and act with greater efficacy. This review provides information on the synthetic and natural DNA gyrase inhibitors that have been developed recently and their promising potential for combating antimicrobial resistance. The review also presents information on molecules that are in clinical trials and their current status. It also analysed the SAR studies and mechanisms of action of enlisted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Piplani
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Akanksha Kulshreshtha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Tamanna Vohra
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160017, India
| | - Vritti Piplani
- Bhojia Dental College and Hospital, Baddi, 173205, India
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Yu T, Rajasekar A, Zhang S. A decennial study of the trend of antibiotic studies in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121338-121353. [PMID: 37996597 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30796-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics are one of the greatest inventions in human history and are used worldwide on an enormous scale. Besides its extensive usage in medical and veterinary arenas to treat and prevent the infection, its application is very prominent in other fields, including agriculture, aquaculture, and horticulture. In recent decades, the increased consumption of antibiotics in China saw a vast increase in its production and disposal in various environments. However, in this post-antibiotic era, the abuse and misuse of these valuable compounds could lead to the unreversible consequence of drug resistance. In China, antibiotics are given a broad discussion in various fields to reveal their impact on both human/animals health and the environment. To our knowledge, we are the first paper to look back at the development trend of antibiotic-related studies in China with qualitative and quantitative bibliometric analysis from the past decades. Our study identified and analyzed 5559 papers from its inception (1991) to December 6, 2021, from the Web of Science Core Collection database. However, with few authors and institutions focusing on long-term studies, we found the quality of contributions was uneven. Studies mainly focused on areas such as food science, clinical research, and environmental studies, including molecular biology, genetics and environmental, ecotoxicology, and nutrition, which indicate possible primary future trends. Our study reports on including potentially new keywords, studies' milestones, and their contribution to antibiotic research. We offer potential topics that may be important in upcoming years that could help guide future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Adharsh Rajasekar
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control (AEMPC), Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology (CIC‑AEET), Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Songhe Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development On Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
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Zhang C, Zhang W, Zhu S, Hu C, Che S, Wang M, Jin M, Bian N, Song W, Jiang S, Jiang Y, Hou J, Liu C, Zhou H, Wei L, Shi G, Tang Y. Bilobetin attenuates Staphylococcus aureus virulence by targeting Von Willebrand factor-binding protein and staphylocoagulase. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:358. [PMID: 37884743 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03812-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) induces a variety of infectious diseases in humans and animals and is responsible for hospital- and community-acquired infections. The aim of this study was to investigate how bilobetin, a natural compound, attenuates S. aureus virulence by inhibiting two key virulence factors, von Willebrand factor-binding protein (vWbp) and staphylocoagulase (Coa). The results showed that bilobetin inhibited Coa- or vWbp-induced coagulation without affecting S. aureus proliferation. The Western blotting and fluorescence quenching assays indicated that bilobetin did not affect the expression of vWbp and Coa but directly bound to the proteins with KA values of 1.66 × 104 L/mol and 1.04 × 104 L/mol, respectively. To gain further insight into the mechanism of interaction of bilobetin with these virulence factors, we performed molecular docking and point mutation assays, which indicated that the TYR-6 and TYR-18 residues on vWbp and the ALA-190 and ASP-189 residues on Coa were essential for the binding of bilobetin. In addition, the in vivo studies showed that bilobetin ameliorated lung tissue damage and inflammation caused by S. aureus, thereby improving the survival of mice. Furthermore, the use of bilobetin as an adjuvant in combination with vancomycin was more effective in the treatment of a mouse model of pneumonia. Taken together, bilobetin had a dual inhibitory effect on vWbp and Coa by reducing the virulence of S. aureus, suggesting that it is a viable lead compound against S. aureus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wenyuan Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shuyue Zhu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chunjie Hu
- Proctology Department, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Sihua Che
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Meiling Wang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mengli Jin
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Nan Bian
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wu Song
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yijing Jiang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Juan Hou
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haofang Zhou
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Wei
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
| | - Guijun Shi
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
- Changchun Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.
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9
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Wang M, Sun S, Niu Q, Hu B, Zhao H, Geng L, Fu T, Qin H, Zheng B, Li H. Experience of management of pediatric upper gastrointestinal perforations: a series of 30 cases. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1261336. [PMID: 37886238 PMCID: PMC10598647 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1261336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to explore the characteristics of pediatric upper gastrointestinal (UGI) perforations, focusing on their diagnosis and management. Methods Between January 2013 and December 2021, 30 children with confirmed UGI perforations were enrolled, and their clinical data were analyzed. Two groups were compared according to management options, including open surgical repair (OSR) and laparoscopic/gastroscopic repair (LR). Results A total of 30 patients with a median age of 36.0 months (1 day-17 years) were included in the study. There were 19 and 11 patients in the LR and OSR groups, respectively. In the LR group, two patients were treated via exploratory laparoscopy and OSR, and the other patients were managed via gastroscopic repair. Ten and three patients presented the duration from symptom onset to diagnosis within 24 h (p = 0.177) and the number of patients with hemodynamically unstable perforations was 4 and 3 in the LR and OSR groups, respectively. Simple suture or clip closure was performed in 27 patients, and laparoscopically pedicled omental patch repair was performed in two patients. There was no significant difference in operative time and length of hospital stay between the LR and OSR groups. Treatment failed in two patients because of severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, including one with fungal peritonitis. Conclusion Surgery for pediatric UGI perforations should be selected according to the general status of the patient, age of the patient, duration from symptom onset, inflammation, and perforation site and size. Antibiotic administration and surgical closure remain the main strategies for pediatric UGI perforations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Shuai Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Qiong Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Baoguang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Zhao
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Lei Geng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Tingliang Fu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Hong Qin
- Department of General Surgery, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bufeng Zheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Hesheng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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10
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Zhu C, Zhou Y, Kang J, Yang H, Lin J, Fang B. Alkaline arginine promotes the gentamicin-mediated killing of drug-resistant Salmonella by increasing NADH concentration and proton motive force. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1237825. [PMID: 37795291 PMCID: PMC10546041 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1237825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance, especially the development of multidrug-resistant strains, is an urgent public health threat. Antibiotic adjuvants have been shown to improve the treatment of resistant bacterial infections. Methods We verified that exogenous L-arginine promoted the killing effect of gentamicin against Salmonella in vitro and in vivo, and measured intracellular ATP, NADH, and PMF of bacteria. Gene expression was determined using real-time quantitative PCR. Results This study found that alkaline arginine significantly increased gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin, and apramycin-mediated killing of drug-resistant Salmonella, including multidrug-resistant strains. Mechanistic studies showed that exogenous arginine was shown to increase the proton motive force, increasing the uptake of gentamicin and ultimately inducing bacterial cell death. Furthermore, in mouse infection model, arginine effectively improved gentamicin activity against Salmonella typhimurium. Discussion These findings confirm that arginine is a highly effective and harmless aminoglycoside adjuvant and provide important evidence for its use in combination with antimicrobial agents to treat drug-resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanhong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Kang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Trade, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jinglin Lin
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Guangdong Polytechnic of Science and Trade, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binghu Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Jiang Y, Yin C, Mo J, Wang X, Wang T, Li G, Zhou Q. Recent progress in carbon dots for anti-pathogen applications in oral cavity. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1251309. [PMID: 37780847 PMCID: PMC10540312 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1251309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Oral microbial infections are one of the most common diseases. Their progress not only results in the irreversible destruction of teeth and other oral tissues but also closely links to oral cancers and systemic diseases. However, traditional treatment against oral infections by antibiotics is not effective enough due to microbial resistance and drug blocking by oral biofilms, along with the passive dilution of the drug on the infection site in the oral environment. Aim of review Besides the traditional antibiotic treatment, carbon dots (CDs) recently became an emerging antimicrobial and microbial imaging agent because of their excellent (bio)physicochemical performance. Their application in treating oral infections has received widespread attention, as witnessed by increasing publication in this field. However, to date, there is no comprehensive review available yet to analyze their effectiveness and mechanism. Herein, as a step toward addressing the present gap, this review aims to discuss the recent advances in CDs against diverse oral pathogens and thus propose novel strategies in the treatment of oral microbial infections. Key scientific concepts of review In this manuscript, the recent progress of CDs against oral pathogens is summarized for the first time. We highlighted the antimicrobial abilities of CDs in terms of oral planktonic bacteria, intracellular bacteria, oral pathogenic biofilms, and fungi. Next, we introduced their microbial imaging and detection capabilities and proposed the prospects of CDs in early diagnosis of oral infection and pathogen microbiological examination. Lastly, we discussed the perspectives on clinical transformation and the current limitations of CDs in the treatment of oral microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Jiang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuqiang Yin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianning Mo
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guotai Li
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Qihui Zhou
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, China
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12
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Almaghrabi M, Musa A, Aljohani AKB, Ahmed HEA, Alsulaimany M, Miski SF, Mostafa EM, Hussein S, Parambi DGT, Ghoneim MM, Elgammal WE, Halawa AH, Hammad A, El-Agrody AM. Introducing of novel class of pyrano[2,3- c]pyrazole-5-carbonitrile analogs with potent antimicrobial activity, DNA gyrase inhibition, and prominent pharmacokinetic and CNS toxicity profiles supported by molecular dynamic simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37661733 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2252088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Microbiological DNA gyrase is recognized as an exceptional microbial target for the innovative development of low-resistant and more effective antimicrobial drugs. Hence, we introduced a one-pot facile synthesis of a novel pyranopyrazole scaffold bearing different functionalities; substituted aryl ring, nitrile, and hydroxyl groups. All new analogs were characterized with full spectroscopic data. The antimicrobial screening for all analogs was assessed against standard strains of Gm + ve and Gm-ve through in vitro considers. The screened compounds displayed very promising MIC/MBC values against some of the bacterial strains with broad or selective antibacterial effects. Of these, 4j biphenyl analog showed 0.5-2/2-8 µg/mL MIC/MBC for suppression and killing of Gm + ve and Gm-ve strains. Moreover, the antimicrobial screening was assessed for the most potent analogs against certain highly resistant microbial strains. Consequently, DNA gyrase supercoiling assay was done for all analogs using ciprofloxacin as reference positive control. Obviously, the results showed a different activity profile with potent analog 4j with IC50 value 6.29 µg/mL better than reference drug 10.2 µg/mL. Additionally, CNS toxicity testing was done using the HiB5 cell line for attenuation of GABA/NMDA expression to both 4j and ciprofloxacin compounds that revealed better neurotransmitter modulation by novel scaffold. Importantly, docking and dynamic simulations were performed for the most active 4j analog to investigate its interaction with DNA binding sites, which supported the in vitro observations and compound stability with binding pocket. Finally, a novel scaffold pyranopyrazole was introduced as a DNA gyrase inhibitor with prominent antibacterial efficacy and low CNS side effect toxicity better than quinolones.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Almaghrabi
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arafa Musa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed K B Aljohani
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hany E A Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa Alsulaimany
- Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar F Miski
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab M Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaimaa Hussein
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Della Grace Thomas Parambi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed M Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Ad Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walid E Elgammal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Halawa
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
| | - Ali Hammad
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Agrody
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt
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13
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Aruhomukama D, Nakabuye H. Investigating the evolution and predicting the future outlook of antimicrobial resistance in sub-saharan Africa using phenotypic data for Klebsiella pneumoniae: a 12-year analysis. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:214. [PMID: 37553587 PMCID: PMC10408162 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02966-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aimed to investigate the evolution and predict the future outlook of AMR in SSA over a 12-year period. By analysing the trends and patterns of AMR, the study sought to enhance our understanding of this pressing issue in the region and provide valuable insights for effective interventions and control measures to mitigate the impact of AMR on public health in SSA. RESULTS The study found that general medicine patients had the highest proportion of samples with AMR. Different types of samples showed varying levels of AMR. Across the studied locations, the highest resistance was consistently observed against ceftaroline (ranging from 68 to 84%), while the lowest resistance was consistently observed against ceftazidime avibactam, imipenem, meropenem, and meropenem vaborbactam (ranging from 92 to 93%). Notably, the predictive analysis showed a significant increasing trend in resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefepime, ceftazidime, ceftaroline, imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin-tazobactam, and aztreonam over time. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest the need for coordinated efforts and interventions to control and prevent the spread of AMR in SSA. Targeted surveillance based on local resistance patterns, sample types, and patient populations is crucial for effective monitoring and control of AMR. The study also highlights the urgent need for action, including judicious use of antibiotics and the development of alternative treatment options to combat the growing problem of AMR in SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dickson Aruhomukama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Hellen Nakabuye
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Ebrahimi A, Ergün T, Kaygusuz İzgördü Ö, Darcan C, Avci H, Öztürk B, Güner HR, Ghorbanpoor H, Doğan Güzel F. Revealing the single-channel characteristics of OprD (OccAB1) porins from hospital strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL : EBJ 2023:10.1007/s00249-023-01651-2. [PMID: 37052656 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-023-01651-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, reports of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) against many antibiotics are increasing because of their misapplication. With this rise, there is a serious decrease in the discovery and development of new types of antibiotics amid an increase in multi-drug resistance. Unfermented Acinetobacter baumannii from gram-negative bacteria, which is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections and multi-drug resistance, has 4 main kinds of antibiotic resistance mechanism: inactivating antibiotics by enzymes, reduced numbers of porins and changing of their target or cellular functions due to mutations, and efflux pumps. In this study, characterization of the possible mutations in OprD (OccAB1) porins from hospital strains of A. baumannii were investigated using single channel electrophysiology and compared with the standard OprD isolated from wild type ATCC 19,606. For this aim, 5 A. baumannii bacteria samples were obtained from patients infected with A. baumannii, after which OprD porins were isolated from these A. baumannii strains. OprD porins were then inserted in an artificial lipid bilayer and the current-voltage curves were obtained using electrical recordings through a pair of Ag/AgCl electrodes. We observed that each porin has a characteristic conductance and single channel recording, which then leads to differences in channel diameter. Finally, the single channel data have been compared with the gene sequences of each porin. It was interesting to find out that each porin isolated has a unique porin diameter and decreased anion selectivity compared to the wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliakbar Ebrahimi
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center and Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center (ESTEM), Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Ergün
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosafety, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Özge Kaygusuz İzgördü
- Biotechnology Application and Research Center, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Cihan Darcan
- Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Avci
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center and Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center (ESTEM), Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Department of Stem Cell, Institute of Health Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center (TATUM), Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Barçin Öztürk
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Hatice Rahmet Güner
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hamed Ghorbanpoor
- Cellular Therapy and Stem Cell Research Center and Translational Medicine Research and Clinical Center (ESTEM), Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Doğan Güzel
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey.
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Chi Y, Sun W, Zhou L, Pei S, Zeng H, Cheng Y, Chai S. The preparation of hybrid silicon quantum dots by one-step synthesis for tetracycline detection and antibacterial applications. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:1145-1156. [PMID: 36787098 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay02102a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared three different silicon quantum dots (SiQDs-1, SiQDs-2 and SiQDs-3) by hydrothermal synthesis with rose Bengal as the reducing agent and triacetoxy(methyl)silane and allyloxytrimethylsilane as silicon sources. The as-prepared SiQDs not only exhibited potent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) but also showed specific responses to tetracycline (TC). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of SiQDs-1, SiQDs-2 and SiQDs-3 were 0.55 mg mL-1, 0.47 mg mL-1 and 0.39 mg mL-1 against E. coli, respectively, and 0.45 mg mL-1, 0.34 mg mL-1 and 0.34 mg mL-1 against S. aureus, respectively. By examining the morphologies of bacteria and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we speculated that these SiQDs shrink the bacteria and even directly destroy the bacterial structural integrity through the production of singlet oxygen. In addition, the fluorescence quenching effectiveness of SiQDs-3 also showed a strong linear relationship with TC concentration in the range of 0-1.2 μM with a detection limit of 0.318 μM, as a result of the internal filtering effect. Together, SiQDs not only can be a candidate to treat resistant bacterial infections, but also may be applied in practical detection of TC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Chi
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Wanlin Sun
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Lijia Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Shuchen Pei
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Haichun Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
| | - Yunying Cheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China.
| | - Shuiqin Chai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microorganism, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China.
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, P. R. China
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Phytochemical Composition and Insight into Antibacterial Potential of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil from Saudi Arabia Using In Vitro and In Silico Approaches. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In Saudi Arabia, Origanum vulgare is widely disseminated. In the present work, we used GC-MS analysis to identify the components of Origanum vulgare essential oil. The disc diffusion assay was used to assess the essential oil’s in vitro antibacterial efficacy against Gram-positive and Gram-negative Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The antimicrobial efficacy against many microbial proteins, including tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS), DNA gyrase, and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), was further evaluated using molecular docking. Eighteen compounds were identified using GC-MS analysis, which constituted 99.81% of the total essential oil content. Terpinen-4-ol (34.3%), Beta-Terpineol (16.96%), 3-Epimoretenol (11.84%), and Alpha-Terpineol (3.86%) were the main substances identified. According to the antibacterial investigation, the inhibition zone against Staphylococcus aureus was 8 mm and 6 mm against Escherichia coli. High affinities were found between 3-Epimoretenol and tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) compared to positive controls (Clorobiocin, SCHEMBL2181345); the affinity values were −8.3 Kcal/mol and −9.2, respectively. The results of the present study indicate that Origanum vulgare essential oil can be used as a nutraceutical to treat infectious diseases.
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17
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Al-Awsi GRL, Alameri AA, Al-Dhalimy AMB, Gabr GA, Kianfar E. Application of nano-antibiotics in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. BRAZ J BIOL 2023; 84:e264946. [PMID: 36722677 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.264946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide. Thus, nanotechnology provides an excellent opportunity to treat drug-resistant microbial infections. Numerous antibiotics have been used to inhibit the growth and kill of microbes, but the development of resistance and the emergence of side effects have severely limited the use of these agents. Due to the development of the nanotechnology, nanoparticles are widely used as antimicrobials. Silver and chitosan nanoparticles have antifungal, antiviral and antibacterial properties, and many studies confirm the antifungal properties of silver nanoparticles. Nowadays, the use of nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases has developed due to less side effects and also the help of these particles in effective drug delivery to the target tissue. Liposomes are also used as carriers of drug delivery, genes, and modeling of cell membranes in both animals and humans. The ability of these liposomes to encapsulate large amounts of drugs, minimize unwanted side effects, high effectiveness and low toxicity has attracted the interest of researchers. This review article examines recent efforts by researchers to identify and treat infectious diseases using antimicrobial nanoparticles and drug nano-carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G R L Al-Awsi
- Al-Mustaqbal University College, Department of Radiological Techniques, Hillah, Babylon, Iraq
| | - A A Alameri
- University of Babylon, College of Science, Department of Chemistry, Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
| | - A M B Al-Dhalimy
- Altoosi University College, Department of Nursing, Najaf, Iraq.,The Islamic University, Islamic University Centre for Scientific Research, Najaf, Iraq
| | - G A Gabr
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Al-Kharj, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.,Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute - AGERI, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - E Kianfar
- Islamic Azad University, Department of Chemistry, Sousangerd, Iran.,Istanbul Medeniyet University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Istanbul, Turkey.,Islamic Azad University, Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak, Iran.,Islamic Azad University, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Gachsaran, Iran
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18
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Sharmaa R, Choudharyb N, Sharmac G. Drug Discovery – A New Bioactive Compounds Isolated from Natural Sources. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MILITARY MEDICINE 2023. [DOI: 10.55453/rjmm.2023.126.3.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
"A rise in mortality due to fungal infections in an immunocompromised population has been observed lately. Nowadays, due to increased fungal infections, the limitations encountered in their treatment like resistance, side-effects, and high toxicity, the rising prescription and overuse of conventional antifungals all stimulate a search for alternative natural drugs therefore we are in dire need of natural newer strategies that involve reliable agents for the treatment of fungal diseases such as essential oils are known for their anti-microbial properties and are multi-component. Materials & Methods: Soil samples (66 samples) were collected from different agricultural fields and animals habitat of Saharanpur (U.P.) Isolation of keratinophilic fungi was carried out by the hair-baiting technique. Extraction of Mentha piperita & Cinnamonum vernum essential oil was carried out by hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition of both extracted essential oils was determined by Gas ChromatographyMass Spectrophotometry. Antimycotic studies of essential oils were done by the standard disc diffusion method. Results & Discussion: In the present study, the antifungal potential of Mentha piperita & Cinnamonum vernum essential oils were evaluated against three human pathogenic fungi isolated from the soil of agricultural field and animals habitat of Saharanpur (U.P.) i.e Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T.tonsurans, and T.equinum. The chemical composition of Mentha piperita & Cinnamonum vernum EO was analyzed by GC-MS. Menthol (53.28%) was the major compound of the Mentha piperita EO followed by Menthyl acetate (15.1%) and Menthofuran (11.18%). Major constituents of Cinnamonum vernum EO were linalool (8%), (E)- cinnamaldehyde (7.2%), β-caryophyllene (7.4%), eucalyptol (6.4%), and eugenol (5.6%). Conclusion: Essential oils of Mentha piperita & Cinnamonum vernum have been found to have remarkable & excellent antifungal activity against these pathogenic fungi. Present findings conclude that natural products like plant-derived EOs instead of chemotherapy and the emergence of resistance to antifungal drugs can be regarded as an environmental safety mode of disease control against pathogens. "
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19
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Kardomatea N, Hopman NEM, van Geijlswijk IM, Portengen L, Wagenaar JA, Heederik DJJ, Broens EM. Quantifying topical antimicrobial use before and during participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme in Dutch companion animal clinics. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283956. [PMID: 37053211 PMCID: PMC10101466 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The emergence of bacterial strains resistant to topical antimicrobials in both human and veterinary medicine has raised concerns over retaining the efficacy of these preparations. Yet, little information is available regarding the use of topical antimicrobials in either sector for planning targeted interventions. This study aims to quantify the use of topical antimicrobials in 44 Dutch companion animal clinics before and during their participation in an antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP), to explore the effect of the intervention on topical antimicrobial use (AMU). Hence, prescription and clinic animal population data, collected from July 2012 until June 2018 were used. Specifically, the period from July 2012 until June 2015 was defined as pre-intervention period, whereas clinics started to participate in the ASP from March 2016 onwards. As quantification metric, the Defined Daily Dose for Animals (DDDA) was used and a mixed effect times series model with auto-regression was applied to monthly topical AMU data. The intervention effect was modelled using a step function with a change in (linear) time trend and clinic characteristics, as potential determinants of topical AMU, were assessed using a multivariable regression model. A seasonal pattern was identified, in the pre-intervention period, where topical AMU was highest in July-August and lowest in February-March. In addition, total topical AMU appeared to significantly decrease over time in the pre-intervention period and the proportion of dogs in the clinic was positively associated with topical AMU. The intervention effect was significant only for second line and for skin product AMU. This study demonstrates that during participation in an ASP, second line and skin product AMU decreased in Dutch companion animal clinics. Additionally, this study demonstrates the existence of a seasonal effect and a decrease in topical AMU over time already before introduction of a targeted intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafsika Kardomatea
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nonke E M Hopman
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg M van Geijlswijk
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lützen Portengen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap A Wagenaar
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J J Heederik
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Els M Broens
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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20
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Zhou Y, Yong Y, Zhu C, Yang H, Fang B. Exogenous D-ribose promotes gentamicin treatment of several drug-resistant Salmonella. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1053330. [PMID: 36419438 PMCID: PMC9676500 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1053330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic microenvironment of bacteria impacts drug efficacy. However, the metabolic mechanisms of drug-resistant Salmonella spp. remain largely unknown. This study characterized the metabolic mechanism of gentamicin-resistant Salmonella Choleraesuis and found that D-ribose increased the gentamicin-mediated killing of this bacteria. Non-targeted metabolomics of homologous gentamicin-susceptible Salmonella Choleraesuis (SCH-S) and gentamicin-resistant S. Choleraesuis (SCH-R) was performed using UHPLC-Q-TOF MS. The metabolic signature of SCH-R included disrupted central carbon metabolism and energy metabolism, along with dysregulated amino acid and nucleotide metabolism, vitamin and cofactor metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis. D-ribose, the most suppressed metabolite in SCH-R, was shown to strengthen gentamicin efficacy against SCH-R and a clinically isolated multidrug-resistant strain. This metabolite had a similar impact on Salmonella. Derby and Salmonella. Typhimurium. D-ribose activates central carbon metabolism including glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), increases the abundance of NADH, polarizes the electron transport chain (ETC), and elevates the proton motive force (PMF) of cells, and induces drug uptake and cell death. These findings suggest that central carbon metabolism plays a critical role in the acquisition of gentamicin resistance by Salmonella, and that D-ribose may serve as an antibiotic adjuvant for gentamicin treatment of resistant bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Yong
- Guangdong Wens Dahuanong Biotechnology Limited Company, Yun Fu, China
| | - Chunyang Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heng Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binghu Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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21
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Wang Q, Niu J, Liu Y, Jiao N, Huang L, Jiang S, Yan L, Yang W, Li Y. Supplementation of Paraformic Acid as a Substitute for Antibiotics in the Diet Improves Growth Performance and Liver Health in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202825. [PMID: 36290210 PMCID: PMC9597723 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to explore the effects of supplementing paraformic acid (PFA) into broilers’ diet on growth performance, inflammatory responses, and liver protection. A total of 567 healthy one-day-old broilers were used in a 42-d study, and they were randomized into three groups. Broilers were fed a basal diet (CON group) or the basal diet supplemented with either 50 mg/kg aureomycin (AB group) or 1000 mg/kg PFA (PFA group). The results showed that the PFA and AB groups had a higher feed conversion rate than the CON group from day 21 to 42 (p < 0.05). Dietary PFA or aureomycin supplementation decreased serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, alanine transaminase, diamine oxidase, and D-lactate, and significantly increased serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, and complement C4 (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary PFA or aureomycin supplementation decreased hepatic levels of caspase-1, NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, and IL-18, as well as NF-κB mRNA expression (p < 0.05). Above all, PFA supplementation into the broilers’ diet improved growth performance, inhibited inflammatory responses, and benefited liver protection. The protective effects of PFA on the liver might be related to inhibition of caspase-1-induced pyroptosis via inactivating the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome axis in broiler chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinjin Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
- Shandong Wonong Agro-Tech Group Co., Ltd., Changning Street 118#, Weifang 261200, China
| | - Jiaxing Niu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Libo Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Shuzhen Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Jiudongshui Road 592-26#, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Weiren Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Daizong Street 61#, Tai’an 271018, China
- Correspondence: (W.Y.); (Y.L.)
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22
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Fang X, Liu Y, Zhang M, Zhou S, Cui P, Hu H, Jiang P, Wang C, Qiu L, Wang J. Glucose oxidase loaded thermosensitive hydrogel as an antibacterial wound dressing. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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23
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Elbadawy HA, Abd‐El‐Nabey BA, Ali AE, Elsayed EH. The development of an unexpected Cu(I)‐pyrazolo pyrimidine‐based complex: Synthesis, spectroscopic characterizations, and biological activity. Appl Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemmat A. Elbadawy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | | | - Ali El‐Dissouky Ali
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
| | - Eman Hassan Elsayed
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University Alexandria Egypt
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24
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Orum TG, Ishola OO, Adebowale OO. Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella species from poultry farms in Ibadan, Nigeria. Afr J Lab Med 2022; 11:1606. [PMID: 35937768 PMCID: PMC9350445 DOI: 10.4102/ajlm.v11i1.1606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Salmonella species are among the major foodborne pathogens causing diseases of economic and public health implications in poultry and humans globally.Objective: This study aimed to determine the occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates from chickens in poultry farms in Ibadan, Southwest Nigeria.Methods: Cloacal swab samples (n = 360) were obtained from chickens randomly selected from 10 poultry farms in five local government areas of Ibadan, Oyo State, from 04 April 2018 to 20 November 2018. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using established protocols. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s chi-squared test at P ≤ 0.05 significance level.Results: The overall prevalence of Salmonella was 21.4%. There were statistically significant associations between Salmonella prevalence and the farm location (p = 0.003), age of chickens (p 0.001), and health status of chickens (p 0.001). All Salmonella isolates (n = 77; 100.0%) were resistant to cefuroxime. The isolates were also highly resistant to cotrimoxazole (n = 74; 96.1%), chloramphenicol (n = 73; 94.8%), meropenem (n = 72; 93.5%), gentamicin (n = 69; 89.6%), and tetracycline (n = 64; 83.1%).Conclusion: The presence of drug-resistant Salmonella in commercial layer chickens in Ibadan is a potential threat to consumer health as it increases the risk of carcass contamination and pathogen propagation, and limits the options to control and treat infections in humans and animals. Well-integrated national surveillance systems for monitoring Salmonella and antimicrobial resistance in poultry are critical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terese G Orum
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka O Ishola
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Oluwawemimo O Adebowale
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria
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25
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Ovchinnikov KV, Oftedal TF, Reich SJ, Bar NS, Holo H, Skaugen M, Riedel CU, Diep DB. Genome-assisted Identification, Purification, and Characterization of Bacteriocins. Bio Protoc 2022; 12:e4477. [PMID: 35978579 PMCID: PMC9350922 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriocins are antimicrobial peptides with activity against antibiotic resistant bacterial pathogens. Here, we describe a set of methods aimed at purifying, identifying, and characterizing new bacteriocins. The purification consists of ammonium sulphate precipitation, cation-exchange chromatography, and reversed-phase chromatography. The yield of the bacteriocin is quantified by bacteriocin antimicrobial activity in a microtiter plate assay after each purification step. The mass of the purified bacteriocin is assessed by MALDI TOF MS analysis of the active fractions after reversed-phase chromatography. The mass is compared with the theoretical mass based on genetic information from the whole genome sequencing of the bacteriocin producer strain. Physicochemical characterization is performed by assessing antimicrobial activity following heat and protease treatments. Fluorescent techniques are used to examine the capacity of the bacteriocin to disrupt membrane integrity. Herein a set of protocols for purification and characterization of the bacteriocin nisin Z is used as a typical example in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V. Ovchinnikov
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Thomas F. Oftedal
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Sebastian J. Reich
- Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nadav S. Bar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Helge Holo
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | - Morten Skaugen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
| | | | - Dzung B. Diep
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
,
*For correspondence:
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26
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Hamdollahi E, Lotfi M, Shafiee M, Hemmati A. Investigation of antibiotic surface activity by tracking hydrodynamic of a rising bubble. J IND ENG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Xu T, Li W, Zhang R, Guo S, Yu B, Cong H, Shen Y. Synthesis of poly-tetrahydropyrimidine antibacterial polymers and research of their basic properties. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:1026-1040. [PMID: 35024701 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01465j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Modern medicine has increasingly higher requirements for antibacterial materials. To overcome this challenge, we use alkynyl monomers, amino monomers, formaldehyde, and acetic acid as raw materials to synthesize a series of poly-tetrahydropyrimidine (P-THP) polymers through multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs). P-THP polymers can effectively inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia. coli, E. coli), and can prevent bacteria from developing drug resistance within at least 16 generations. Besides, we prepared P-THP antibacterial coatings and explored their antibacterial properties. In vitro antibacterial experiments showed that P-THP coatings can prevent the formation of bacterial biofilms, and the coatings have a lasting killing effect on E. coli and S. aureus. The mouse wound infection experiments proved that P-THP polymers can significantly accelerate skin tissue regeneration and wound healing. Moreover, the P-THP textile obtained by electrospinning also has antibacterial properties and has great application prospects in the field of N95 masks. Generally speaking, P-THP polymers have considerable application potential in the field of treating bacterial infections and promoting wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taimin Xu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Wenlong Li
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Shuaibing Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hailin Cong
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Youqing Shen
- Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Center for Bionanoengineering, and Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
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28
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da Cruz JER, Saldanha HC, Freitas GROE, Morais ER. A review of medicinal plants used in the Brazilian Cerrado for the treatment of fungal and bacterial infections. J Herb Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2021.100523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Easwaran M, Ahn J. Advances in bacteriophage-mediated control strategies to reduce bacterial virulence. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2021.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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30
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Haywood J, Vadlamani G, Stubbs KA, Mylne JS. Antibiotic resistance lessons for the herbicide resistance crisis. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3807-3814. [PMID: 33682995 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The challenges of resistance to antibiotics and resistance to herbicides have much in common. Antibiotic resistance became a risk in the 1950s, but a concerted global effort to manage it did not begin until after 2000. Widespread herbicide use began during the 1950s and was soon followed by an unabated rise in resistance. Here, we examine what lessons for combatting herbicide resistance could be learnt from the global, coordinated efforts of all stakeholders to avert the antibiotic resistance crisis. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Haywood
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Grishma Vadlamani
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Keith A Stubbs
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Joshua S Mylne
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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31
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Gu J, Isozumi N, Yuan S, Jin L, Gao B, Ohki S, Zhu S. Evolution-Based Protein Engineering for Antifungal Peptide Improvement. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:5175-5189. [PMID: 34320203 PMCID: PMC8557468 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been considered as the alternatives to antibiotics because of their less susceptibility to microbial resistance. However, compared with conventional antibiotics they show relatively low activity and the consequent high cost and nonspecific cytotoxicity, hindering their clinical application. What’s more, engineering of AMPs is a great challenge due to the inherent complexity in their sequence, structure, and function relationships. Here, we report an evolution-based strategy for improving the antifungal activity of a nematode-sourced defensin (Cremycin-5). This strategy utilizes a sequence-activity comparison between Cremycin-5 and its functionally diverged paralogs to identify sites associated with antifungal activity for screening of enhanceable activity-modulating sites for subsequent saturation mutagenesis. Using this strategy, we identified a site (Glu-15) whose mutations with nearly all other types of amino acids resulted in a universally enhanced activity against multiple fungal species, which is thereby defined as a Universally Enhanceable Activity-Modulating Site (UEAMS). Especially, Glu15Lys even exhibited >9-fold increased fungicidal potency against several clinical isolates of Candida albicans through inhibiting cytokinesis. This mutant showed high thermal and serum stability and quicker killing kinetics than clotrimazole without detectable hemolysis. Molecular dynamic simulations suggest that the mutations at the UEAMS likely limit the conformational flexibility of a distant functional residue via allostery, enabling a better peptide–fungus interaction. Further sequence, structural, and mutational analyses of the Cremycin-5 ortholog uncover an epistatic interaction between the UEAMS and another site that may constrain its evolution. Our work lights one new road to success of engineering AMP drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gu
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Noriyoshi Isozumi
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology (CNMT), Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Shouli Yuan
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling Jin
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Gao
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Shinya Ohki
- Center for Nano Materials and Technology (CNMT), Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (JAIST), 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Shunyi Zhu
- Group of Peptide Biology and Evolution, State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China
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32
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Froissart R, Brives C. Evolutionary biology and development model of medicines: A necessary 'pas de deux' for future successful bacteriophage therapy. J Evol Biol 2021; 34:1855-1866. [PMID: 34288190 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The increase in frequency of multidrug-resistant bacteria worldwide is largely the result of the massive use of antibiotics in the second half of the 20th century. These relatively recent changes in human societies revealed the great evolutionary capacities of bacteria towards drug resistance. In this article, we hypothesize that the success of future antibacterial strategies lies in taking into account both these evolutionary processes and the way human activities influence them. Faced with the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the scarcity of new antibacterial chemical molecules, the use of bacteriophages is considered as a complementary and/or alternative therapy. After presenting the evolutionary capacities of bacteriophages and bacteria, we show how the development model currently envisaged (based on the classification of bacteriophages as medicinal products similar to antibacterial chemical molecules) ignores the evolutionary processes inherent in bacteriophage therapy. This categorization imposes to bacteriophage therapy a specific conception of what a treatment and a therapeutic scheme should be as well as its mode of production and prescription. We argue that a new development model is needed that would allow the use of therapeutic bacteriophages fully adapted (after in vitro 'bacteriophage training') to the aetiologic bacteria and/or aimed at rendering bacteria either avirulent or antibiotic-susceptible ('bacteriophage steering'). To not repeat the mistakes made with antibiotics, we must now think about and learn from the ways in which the materialities of microbes (e.g. evolutionary capacities of both bacteriophages and bacteria) are intertwined with those of societies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Froissart
- MIVEGEC, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
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33
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Wani NA, Ben Hur D, Kapach G, Stolovicki E, Rotem E, Shai Y. Switching Bond: Generation of New Antimicrobial Peptides via the Incorporation of an Intramolecular Isopeptide Bond. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:1702-1712. [PMID: 34043312 PMCID: PMC8634383 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which
can be modified to kill a
broad spectrum of microoganisms or a specific microorganism, are considered
as promising alternatives to combat the rapidly widespread, resistant
bacterial infections. However, there are still several obstacles to
overcome. These include toxicity, stability, and the ability to interfere
with the immune response and bacterial resistance. To overcome these
challenges, we herein replaced the regular peptide bonds with isopeptide
bonds to produce new AMPs based on the well-known synthetic peptides
Amp1L and MSI-78 (pexiganan). Two new peptides Amp1EP and MSIEP were
generated while retaining properties such as size, sequence, charge,
and molecular weight. These new peptides have reduced toxicity toward
murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells, human monocytic (THP-1) cells,
and human red blood cells (hRBCs) and enhanced the stability toward
proteolytic degradation. Importantly, the new peptides do not repress
the pro-inflammatory cytokine and hence should not modulate the immune
response. Structurally, the new peptides, Amp1EP and MSIEP, have a
structure of random coils in contrast to the helical structures of
the parental peptides as revealed by circular dichroism (CD) analysis.
Their mode of action, assessed by flow cytometry, includes permeabilization
of the bacterial membrane. Overall, we present here a new approach
to modulate AMPs to develop antimicrobial peptides for future therapeutic
purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiem Ahmad Wani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Daniel Ben Hur
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Gal Kapach
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Elad Stolovicki
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Etai Rotem
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yechiel Shai
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
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Hopman NEM, Wagenaar JA, van Geijlswijk IM, Broens EM. Development and Pilot of an Interactive Online Course on Antimicrobial Stewardship in Companion Animals. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10050610. [PMID: 34065607 PMCID: PMC8161360 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10050610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A holistic approach to antimicrobial use (AMU) and prescribing is needed to combat the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Previously, an antimicrobial stewardship programme (ASP) was developed, introduced, and evaluated in 44 Dutch companion animal clinics, which resulted in an optimization of AMU. As a follow-up to this, an online course was developed to promote awareness of AMU, AMR, and responsible antimicrobial prescribing. The aim of this paper is to describe the development and pilot, including evaluation, of this course, which will be disseminated more widely among Dutch companion animal veterinarians. The interactive programme consists of a major e-learning component and two online, face-to-face meetings. The course comprises five different parts corresponding with five consecutive weeks. Theory on several topics is offered, for example on AMU and AMR in general, Dutch regulations and guidelines on veterinary AMU, behavioural change, and possible methods to quantify AMU. Additionally, several assignments are offered, for example to reflect upon one’s own current antimicrobial prescribing behaviour. Interactive discussion and peer-to-peer learning are promoted. Since September 2020, the course has been offered in a pilot phase, and the feedback is promising. Evaluation of the pilot phase will result in recommendations for further optimization and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonke E. M. Hopman
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.A.W.); (E.M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jaap A. Wagenaar
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.A.W.); (E.M.B.)
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Houtribweg 39, 8221 RA Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg M. van Geijlswijk
- IRAS Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics Group, Department Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 106, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands;
| | - Els M. Broens
- Department Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL Utrecht, The Netherlands; (J.A.W.); (E.M.B.)
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Hall TJ, Villapún VM, Addison O, Webber MA, Lowther M, Louth SET, Mountcastle SE, Brunet MY, Cox SC. A call for action to the biomaterial community to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:4951-4974. [PMID: 32820747 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01160f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The global surge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major concern for public health and proving to be a key challenge in modern disease treatment, requiring action plans at all levels. Microorganisms regularly and rapidly acquire resistance to antibiotic treatments and new drugs are continuously required. However, the inherent cost and risk to develop such molecules has resulted in a drying of the pipeline with very few compounds currently in development. Over the last two decades, efforts have been made to tackle the main sources of AMR. Nevertheless, these require the involvement of large governmental bodies, further increasing the complexity of the problem. As a group with a long innovation history, the biomaterials community is perfectly situated to push forward novel antimicrobial technologies to combat AMR. Although this involvement has been felt, it is necessary to ensure that the field offers a united front with special focus in areas that will facilitate the development and implementation of such systems. This paper reviews state of the art biomaterials strategies striving to limit AMR. Promising broad-spectrum antimicrobials and device modifications are showcased through two case studies for different applications, namely topical and implantables, demonstrating the potential for a highly efficacious physical and chemical approach. Finally, a critical review on barriers and limitations of these methods has been developed to provide a list of short and long-term focus areas in order to ensure the full potential of the biomaterials community is directed to helping tackle the AMR pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Hall
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Victor M Villapún
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Owen Addison
- Faculty of Dentistry, Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Mark A Webber
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Colney, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Morgan Lowther
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sophie E T Louth
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sophie E Mountcastle
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Mathieu Y Brunet
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sophie C Cox
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK.
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Terra L, Ratcliffe N, Castro HC, Vicente ACP, Dyson P. Biotechnological Potential of Streptomyces Siderophores as New Antibiotics. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1407-1421. [PMID: 32389112 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200510235512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Siderophores are small-molecule iron-chelators produced by microorganisms and plants growing mostly under low iron conditions. Siderophores allow iron capture and transport through cell membranes into the cytoplasm, where iron is released for use in biological processes. These bacterial iron uptake systems can be used for antibiotic conjugation or as targets for killing pathogenic bacteria. Siderophores have been explored recently because of their potential applications in environmental and therapeutic research. They are present in Streptomyces, Grampositive bacteria that are an important source for discovering new siderophores. OBJECTIVE This review summarizes siderophore molecules produced by the genus Streptomyces emphasizing their potential as biotechnological producers and also illustrating genomic tools for discovering siderophores useful for treating bacterial infections. METHODS The literature search was performed using PUBMED and MEDLINE databases with keywords siderophore, secondary metabolites, Trojan horse strategy, sideromycin and Streptomyces. The literature research focused on bibliographic databases including all siderophores identified in the genus Streptomyces. In addition, reference genomes of Streptomyces from GenBank were used to identify siderophore biosynthetic gene clusters by using the antiSMASH platform. RESULTS This review has highlighted some of the many siderophore molecules produced by Streptomyces, illustrating the diversity of their chemical structures and a wide spectrum of bioactivities against pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, the possibility of using siderophores conjugated with antibiotics could be an alternative to overcome bacterial resistance to drugs and could improve their therapeutic efficacy. CONCLUSION This review confirms the importance of Streptomyces as a rich source of siderophores, and underlines their potential as antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Terra
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, UFF, Brazil
| | - Norman Ratcliffe
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, UFF, Brazil
| | - Helena Carla Castro
- Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ciencias e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Biologia, UFF, Brazil
| | | | - Paul Dyson
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
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Pancu DF, Scurtu A, Macasoi IG, Marti D, Mioc M, Soica C, Coricovac D, Horhat D, Poenaru M, Dehelean C. Antibiotics: Conventional Therapy and Natural Compounds with Antibacterial Activity-A Pharmaco-Toxicological Screening. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:401. [PMID: 33917092 PMCID: PMC8067816 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics are considered as a cornerstone of modern medicine and their discovery offers the resolution to the infectious diseases problem. However, the excessive use of antibiotics worldwide has generated a critical public health issue and the bacterial resistance correlated with antibiotics inefficiency is still unsolved. Finding novel therapeutic approaches to overcome bacterial resistance is imperative, and natural compounds with antibacterial effects could be considered a promising option. The role played by antibiotics in tumorigenesis and their interrelation with the microbiota are still debatable and are far from being elucidated. Thus, the present manuscript offers a global perspective on antibiotics in terms of evolution from a historical perspective with an emphasis on the main classes of antibiotics and their adverse effects. It also highlights the connection between antibiotics and microbiota, focusing on the dual role played by antibiotics in tumorigenesis. In addition, using the natural compounds with antibacterial properties as potential alternatives for the classical antibiotic therapy is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Florin Pancu
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 1, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.F.P.); (D.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Alexandra Scurtu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ioana Gabriela Macasoi
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Marti
- Faculty of Medicine, Western University Vasile Goldis Arad, 94 Revolutiei Blvd., 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Marius Mioc
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Dorina Coricovac
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Delia Horhat
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 1, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.F.P.); (D.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Marioara Poenaru
- Faculty of Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 1, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.F.P.); (D.H.); (M.P.)
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (A.S.); (M.M.); (C.S.); (D.C.); (C.D.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Fan W, Yang D, Ding N, Chen P, Wang L, Tao G, Zheng F, Ji S. Application of core-satellite polydopamine-coated Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles-hollow porous molecularly imprinted polymer combined with HPLC-MS/MS for the quantification of macrolide antibiotics. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:1412-1421. [PMID: 33683249 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02025g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Core-satellite-structured magnetic nanosorbents (MNs) used for the selective extraction of macrolide antibiotics (MACs) were prepared in this study. The MNs (core-satellite polydopamine-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles-hollow porous molecularly imprinted polymer) consisted of polydopamine-coated Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PDA) "core" linked to numerous hollow porous molecularly imprinted polymer (HPMIP) "satellites" with bridging amine functional groups. It is worth mentioning that HPMIPs act as "anchors" for selectively capturing target molecules. Polymers were characterized using TEM, SEM, FT-IR, VSM, and TGA and applied as magnetic dispersive solid-phase extraction (MDSPE) sorbents for the enrichment of trace MACs from a complex food matrix prior to quantification by HPLC-MS/MS. Nanocomposites revealed outstanding magnetic properties (36.1 emu g-1), a high adsorption capacity (103.6 μmol g-1), selectivity (IF = 3.2), and fast kinetic binding (20 min) for MACs. The multiple advantages of the novel core-satellite-structured magnetic molecularly imprinted nanosorbents were confirmed, which makes us believe that the preparation method of the core-satellite MNs can be applied to other fields involving molecular imprinting technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24, Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Morshedtalab Z, Rahimi G, Emami-Nejad A, Farasat A, Mohammadbeygi A, Ghaedamini N, Negahdary M. Antibacterial Assessment of Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles against Streptococcus pyogenes and Acinetobacter baumannii. Curr Top Med Chem 2021; 20:1042-1055. [PMID: 32250224 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200406095246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the appearance of resistant bacterial strains against the antimicrobial drugs and the reduced efficiency of these valuable resources, the health of a community and the economies of countries have been threatened. OBJECTIVE In this study, the antibacterial assessment of zinc sulfide nanoparticles (ZnS NPs) against Streptococcus pyogenes and Acinetobacter baumannii has been performed. METHODS ZnS NPs were synthesized through a co-precipitation method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol (PEG-4000). The size and morphology of the synthesized ZnS NPs were determined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and it was found that the average size of the applied NPs was about 70 nm. In order to evaluate the antibacterial effect of the synthesized ZnS NPs, various concentrations (50μg/mL, 100 μg/mL and 150 μg/mL) of ZnS NPs were prepared. Antibacterial assessments were performed through the disc diffusion method in Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) culture medium and also the optical density (OD) method was performed by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer in Trypticase™ Soy Broth (TSB) medium. Then, in order to compare the antibacterial effects of the applied NPs, several commercial antibiotics including penicillin, amikacin, ceftazidime and primaxin were used. RESULTS The achieved results indicated that the antibacterial effects of ZnS NPs had a direct relation along with the concentrations and the concentration of 150 μg/mL showed the highest antibacterial effect in comparison with others. In addition, the ZnS NPs were more effective on Acinetobacter baumannii. CONCLUSION The findings of this research suggest a novel approach against antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghasem Rahimi
- Agro Industrial Complex of Medicinal Plants ( SPAD), Shiraz, Iran
| | - Asieh Emami-Nejad
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O.Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Farasat
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for prevention of Non- Communicable Disease, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Azita Mohammadbeygi
- Department of Immunology, Shahid Beheshti International University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Ghaedamini
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O.Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Negahdary
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Olowo-okere A, Yacouba A. Molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in Africa: A systematic review of literature. Germs 2020; 10:367-379. [PMID: 33489952 PMCID: PMC7811859 DOI: 10.18683/germs.2020.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Updated and comprehensive data on the mechanism underlying colistin resistance is lacking in Africa. LITERATURE SEARCH Herein, we aimed to review available literature on the molecular mechanisms of colistin resistance in Africa. PubMed, Google Scholar, and African Journal online databases were searched on the 15th of January 2020 for original research articles that reported mechanisms of colistin resistance in any of the 54 African countries. REVIEW Of the 1473 studies identified through initial database search, 36 met the inclusion criteria. Colistin resistance was mostly observed in Escherichia coli isolated from human clinical samples. Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism (26; 72.2%) was the most frequently reported resistance mechanism. About three-quarters (27; 75.0%) of the 36 studies were done in North Africa. In this zone, the mobilized colistin resistance (mcr) genes were mostly detected in E. coli harboring three plasmid types, IncHI2, IncI2, and IncX4, from animal samples (n=9; 42.8%). Of the six studies performed in Southern Africa, four reported mcr-1 mostly detected from human samples (n=2; 50.0%) in E. coli isolates carrying IncHI2, IncI2, and IncX4 with diverse range of STs. One hitherto unknown mutation, the mutation in the I527N gene was detected in colistin resistant isolates in this region, which was absent in colistin susceptible isolates. In West and Central Africa, two and one studies, respectively, reported mcr-1 gene exclusively in Escherichia coli isolates. CONCLUSIONS Transferable plasmid mediated colistin resistance is rapidly emerging in Africa with mcr-1 as the predominant genetic variant in human, animals, and environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Olowo-okere
- PharmD, PhD, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, P.M.B. 2346, Sokoto, Nigeria
| | - Abdourahamane Yacouba
- MD, Université Abdou Moumouni, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, P.M.B. 10896, Niamey, Niger
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Hyun S, Choi Y, Jo D, Choo S, Park TW, Park SJ, Kim S, Lee S, Park S, Jin SM, Cheon DH, Yoo W, Arya R, Chong YP, Kim KK, Kim YS, Lee Y, Yu J. Proline Hinged Amphipathic α-Helical Peptide Sensitizes Gram-Negative Bacteria to Various Gram-Positive Antibiotics. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14937-14950. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soonsil Hyun
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yoonhwa Choi
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Doyeon Jo
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seolah Choo
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Tae Woo Park
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Su-Jin Park
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seoyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Seonju Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sohyun Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sun Mi Jin
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Dae Hee Cheon
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Wanki Yoo
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Rekha Arya
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yong Pil Chong
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Kyeong Kyu Kim
- Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Yang Soo Kim
- Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Yan Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaehoon Yu
- Department of Chemistry & Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Agrillo B, Proroga YTR, Gogliettino M, Balestrieri M, Tatè R, Nicolais L, Palmieri G. A Safe and Multitasking Antimicrobial Decapeptide: The Road from De Novo Design to Structural and Functional Characterization. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6952. [PMID: 32971824 PMCID: PMC7555028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are excellent candidates to fight multi-resistant pathogens worldwide and are considered promising bio-preservatives to control microbial spoilage through food processing. To date, designing de novo AMPs with high therapeutic indexes, low-cost synthesis, high resistance, and bioavailability, remains a challenge. In this study, a novel decapeptide, named RiLK1, was rationally designed starting from the sequence of the previously characterized AMP 1018-K6, with the aim of developing short peptides, and promoting higher selectivity over mammalian cells, antibacterial activity, and structural resistance under different salt, pH, and temperature conditions. Interestingly, RiLK1 displayed a broad-spectrum of bactericidal activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including multidrug resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella species, with Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values in low micromolar range, and it was effective even against two fungal pathogens with no evidence of cytotoxicity on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Moreover, RiLK1-activated polypropylene films were revealed to efficiently prevent the growth of microbial spoilage, possibly improving the shelf life of fresh food products. These results suggested that de novo designed peptide RiLK1 could be the first candidate for the development of a promising class of decameric and multitask antimicrobial agents to overcome drug-resistance phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yolande T. R. Proroga
- Department of Food Microbiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno, 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Marta Gogliettino
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Marco Balestrieri
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Rosarita Tatè
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, National Research Council (IGB-CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | | | - Gianna Palmieri
- Institute of Biosciences and BioResources, National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), 80131 Napoli, Italy; (M.G.); (M.B.)
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Álvarez-Rodríguez I, Arana L, Ugarte-Uribe B, Gómez-Rubio E, Martín-Santamaría S, Garbisu C, Alkorta I. Type IV Coupling Proteins as Potential Targets to Control the Dissemination of Antibiotic Resistance. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:201. [PMID: 32903459 PMCID: PMC7434980 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The increase of infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria, together with the loss of effectiveness of currently available antibiotics, represents one of the most serious threats to public health worldwide. The loss of human lives and the economic costs associated to the problem of the dissemination of antibiotic resistance require immediate action. Bacteria, known by their great genetic plasticity, are capable not only of mutating their genes to adapt to disturbances and environmental changes but also of acquiring new genes that allow them to survive in hostile environments, such as in the presence of antibiotics. One of the major mechanisms responsible for the horizontal acquisition of new genes (e.g., antibiotic resistance genes) is bacterial conjugation, a process mediated by mobile genetic elements such as conjugative plasmids and integrative conjugative elements. Conjugative plasmids harboring antibiotic resistance genes can be transferred from a donor to a recipient bacterium in a process that requires physical contact. After conjugation, the recipient bacterium not only harbors the antibiotic resistance genes but it can also transfer the acquired plasmid to other bacteria, thus contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance. Conjugative plasmids have genes that encode all the proteins necessary for the conjugation to take place, such as the type IV coupling proteins (T4CPs) present in all conjugative plasmids. Type VI coupling proteins constitute a heterogeneous family of hexameric ATPases that use energy from the ATP hydrolysis for plasmid transfer. Taking into account their essential role in bacterial conjugation, T4CPs are attractive targets for the inhibition of bacterial conjugation and, concomitantly, the limitation of antibiotic resistance dissemination. This review aims to compile present knowledge on T4CPs as a starting point for delving into their molecular structure and functioning in future studies. Likewise, the scientific literature on bacterial conjugation inhibitors has been reviewed here, in an attempt to elucidate the possibility of designing T4CP-inhibitors as a potential solution to the dissemination of multidrug-resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itxaso Álvarez-Rodríguez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Lide Arana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Begoña Ugarte-Uribe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
| | - Elena Gómez-Rubio
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonsoles Martín-Santamaría
- Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, CIB-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Garbisu
- Department of Conservation of Natural Resources, Soil Microbial Ecology Group, NEIKER - Basque Institute for Agricultural Research and Development, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Parque Cient fico y Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Derio, Spain
| | - Itziar Alkorta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Spain
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Mattar C, Edwards S, Baraldi E, Hood J. An overview of the global antimicrobial resistance research and development hub and the current landscape. Curr Opin Microbiol 2020; 57:56-61. [PMID: 32777653 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2020.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an urgent public health threat, and continues to be on the rise. Basic microbiological research is the foundation for addressing knowledge gaps both for the development of new antibiotics, diagnostics and preventives but also to inform strategies to mitigate the transmission of resistance and drug resistant microorganisms. Translating this research into new products to reinvigorate dwindling pipelines, especially for new antibiotics, is one of the main challenges faced in addressing AMR. The scientific complexity is compounded by the market uncertainty of any new products leading to a large proportion of pharmaceutical companies exiting the market. Consequently, a number of initiatives were developed to reinvigorate the AMR research and development (R&D) landscape. Despite all these efforts, the antibiotic pipeline remains inadequate to keep up with the increasing rates of resistance globally. Given the number of individual and multilateral actions, there is an urgent need for a common platform and coordination to ensure that resources are adequately used to address the critical challenges posed by AMR globally hence the founding of the Global AMR R&D Hub to take on this role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caline Mattar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University in St Louis, USA.
| | - Suzanne Edwards
- Global AMR Research and Development Hub Secretariat, Germany
| | - Enrico Baraldi
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Jennie Hood
- Global AMR Research and Development Hub Secretariat, Germany
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Provenzani A, Hospodar AR, Meyer AL, Leonardi Vinci D, Hwang EY, Butrus CM, Polidori P. Multidrug-resistant gram-negative organisms: a review of recently approved antibiotics and novel pipeline agents. Int J Clin Pharm 2020; 42:1016-1025. [PMID: 32638294 DOI: 10.1007/s11096-020-01089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background The discovery of antibiotics several decades ago was a defining moment in history. They were used to treat previously incurable diseases and save many lives. However, the use of antibiotics is not benign. Antibiotic resistance occurs due to the natural evolution of bacteria and gene transfer between bacteria via vertical and horizontal routes, resulting in protective mechanisms that render antibacterial agents ineffective. Aim of the review To list and describe current, novel pipeline antibiotics indicated for multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria. This review discusses the limited number of novel pipeline drugs available to combat the rapidly increasing number of multidrug-resistant bacteria and the need for initiatives to research and discover more novel antibiotics. Method A search of MEDLINE/PubMed using the search terms antibacterial pipeline OR antibiotic pipeline including publications between 1 January 2018 through 23 January 2020 resulted in 230 items. The results obtained were narrowed by adding the search term AND multi-drug resistant which resulted in 12 items. Then, ClinicalTrials.gov was searched for phase 2-3 "interventional" trials registered between 1 January 2018 and 23 January 2020 with the status "recruiting" or "completed" function and including World Health Organization-defined priority pathogens in the "condition or disease" field. The search process was then completed by introducing the term antibacterial agents in the "other terms" field. The trials search and selection resulted in 13 items. Relevant English-language studies and those conducted in humans were considered. Those drugs belonging to new antibiotic classes or to antibiotic classes already known but with new chemical structure were defined as "novel antibiotics". Results The studies selected and reviewed were those referring to a novel antibiotics. Thus, from MEDLINE/PubMed, we found only 1 item referred to a novel chemical class (Murepavadin n = 1). From ClinicalTrials.gov a total of 4 citations were identified (Ftortiazinon n = 1, Zoliflodacin n = 1, Gepotidacin n = 1, ETX2514 + sulbactam n = 1). Conclusion The antibiotics annually approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) mostly belong to existing classes of antibiotics and have specific indications, limiting their use in many multidrug-resistant infections. There are limited novel drug classes targeting gram-negative infections in the pipeline. Providers must be vigilant with the use of current antibiotics, especially until research and development (R&D) advancements are made.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Provenzani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Service, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (ISMETT), Via E. Tricomi n. 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
| | - A R Hospodar
- School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - A L Meyer
- School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - D Leonardi Vinci
- School of Specialization in Hospital Pharmacy, University of Palermo, 90133, Palermo, Italy
| | - E Y Hwang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - C M Butrus
- School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA
| | - P Polidori
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Service, Mediterranean Institute for Transplantation and Advanced Specialized Therapies (ISMETT), Via E. Tricomi n. 5, 90127, Palermo, Italy
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Yu T, Jiang G, Gao R, Chen G, Ren Y, Liu J, van der Mei HC, Busscher HJ. Circumventing antimicrobial-resistance and preventing its development in novel, bacterial infection-control strategies. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2020; 17:1151-1164. [PMID: 32510243 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2020.1779697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Development of new antimicrobials with ever 'better' bacterial killing has long been considered the appropriate response to the growing threat of antimicrobial-resistant infections. However, the time-period between the introduction of a new antibiotic and the appearance of resistance amongst bacterial pathogens is getting shorter and shorter. This suggests that alternative pathways than making ever 'better' antimicrobials should be taken. AREAS COVERED This review aims to answer the questions (1) whether we have means to circumvent existing antibiotic-resistance mechanisms, (2) whether we can revert existing antibiotic-resistance, (3) how we can prevent the development of antimicrobial-resistance against novel infection-control strategies, including nano-antimicrobials. EXPERT OPINION Relying on relieving antibiotic-pressure and natural outcompeting of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria seems an uncertain way out of the antibiotic-crisis facing us. Novel, non-antibiotic, nanotechnology-based infection control-strategies are promising. At the same time, rapid development of new resistance mechanisms once novel strategies is taken into global clinical use, may not be ruled out and must be closely monitored. This suggests focusing research and development on designing suitable combinations of existing antibiotics with new nano-antimicrobials in a way that induction of new antimicrobial-resistance mechanisms is avoided. The latter suggestion, however, requires a change of focus in research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrong Yu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen and University Medical Center , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guimei Jiang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen and University Medical Center , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruifang Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen and University Medical Center , Groningen, The Netherlands.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gaojian Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University , Suzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yijin Ren
- Department of Orthodontics, University of Groningen and University Medical Center of Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University , Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Henny C van der Mei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen and University Medical Center , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Henk J Busscher
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Groningen and University Medical Center , Groningen, The Netherlands
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The rational design, synthesis, and antimicrobial investigation of 2-Amino-4-Methylthiazole analogues inhibitors of GlcN-6-P synthase. Bioorg Chem 2020; 99:103781. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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48
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Alnuqaydan AM, Rah B. Comparative assessment of biological activities of different parts of halophytic plant Tamarix articulata (T. articulata) growing in Saudi Arabia. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:2586-2592. [PMID: 32994715 PMCID: PMC7499369 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to extremely high salinity and harsh environmental conditions, T. articulata is one of the most abundant wild plants growing in the deserts of Saudi Arabia. Such plants may contain novel compounds to display promising biological activities. Here, in this study, we evaluate the biological activities of methanolic extracts of fresh leaves, dry leaves, stem, and roots of T. articulata. The antioxidant activity was determined by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined using standard colorimetric methods. Whereas antimicrobial and ant-proliferative activities were determined by standard well-diffusion and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) methods, respectively. Our results demonstrate that all methanolic extracts of T. articulata showed antioxidant activity, however, the methanolic extract of dry leaves exhibits promising antioxidant effect with IC₅₀ value 49.08 ± 1.98, which was strongly supported by total phenolic (409.92 ± 6.03 mg GAE/g DW) and flavonoid (177.71 mg QE/g DW) content. Although, antimicrobial activity was also exhibited by all the methanolic extracts, however, methanolic extract of dry leaves exhibits promising antimicrobial activity in Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus epidemidis. Furthermore, MTT assay revealed that all methanolic extracts exhibit antiproliferative activity in MCF-7 (breast cancer) and RKO (colorectal cancer) cells with IC₅₀ values ranges from 219 ± 5.112 µg/ml to 253 ± 5.231 µg/ml and 220 ± 4.330 µg/ml to 325 ± 6.213 µg/ml, respectively. However, the most promising antiproliferative effect was displayed by methanolic extract of dry leaves with IC₅₀ values 219 ± 5.112 µg/ml and 220 ± 4.330 µg/ml, respectively. In summary, these findings provide evidence that T. articulata has promising biological activities and can be used for many pharmaceutical activities in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah M Alnuqaydan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Rah
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
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Sariola S, Gilbert SF. Toward a Symbiotic Perspective on Public Health: Recognizing the Ambivalence of Microbes in the Anthropocene. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E746. [PMID: 32429344 PMCID: PMC7285259 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8050746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes evolve in complex environments that are often fashioned, in part, by human desires. In a global perspective, public health has played major roles in structuring how microbes are perceived, cultivated, and destroyed. The germ theory of disease cast microbes as enemies of the body and the body politic. Antibiotics have altered microbial development by providing stringent natural selection on bacterial species, and this has led to the formation of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Public health perspectives such as "Precision Public Health" and "One Health" have recently been proposed to further manage microbial populations. However, neither of these take into account the symbiotic relationships that exist between bacterial species and between bacteria, viruses, and their eukaryotic hosts. We propose a perspective on public health that recognizes microbial evolution through symbiotic associations (the hologenome theory) and through lateral gene transfer. This perspective has the advantage of including both the pathogenic and beneficial interactions of humans with bacteria, as well as combining the outlook of the "One Health" model with the genomic methodologies utilized in the "Precision Public Health" model. In the Anthropocene, the conditions for microbial evolution have been altered by human interventions, and public health initiatives must recognize both the beneficial (indeed, necessary) interactions of microbes with their hosts as well as their pathogenic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salla Sariola
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Sociology, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Scott F. Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA 19081, USA
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Liu H, Xia DG, Chu ZW, Hu R, Cheng X, Lv XH. Novel coumarin-thiazolyl ester derivatives as potential DNA gyrase Inhibitors: Design, synthesis, and antibacterial activity. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103907. [PMID: 32413631 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of novel coumarin-thiazolyl ester derivatives of potent DNA gyrase inhibitory activity were the main aims of this study. All the novel synthesized compounds were examined for their antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Compound 8p exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against four bacteria strains with MIC values of 0.05, 0.05, 8, and 0.05 μg/mL, respectively. In vitro drug-resistant bacterial inhibition experiments indicated that compound 8p exhibited the best bacteriostatic effect in the selected compounds and four positive control drugs with MIC values of 4 μg/mL. In vitro enzyme inhibitory assay showed that compound 8p exhibited potent inhibition against DNA gyrase with IC50 values of 0.13 μM. The molecular docking model indicated that compounds 8p can bind well to the DNA gyrase by interacting with amino acid residues. This study demonstrated that the compound 8p can act as the most potent DNA gyrase inhibitor in the reported series of compounds and provide valuable information for the commercial DNA gyrase inhibiting bactericides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Guo Xia
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wen Chu
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Hu
- Central Iron & Steel Research Institute, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Cheng
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian-Hai Lv
- School of Science, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036 Hefei, People's Republic of China.
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