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Xu H, Chen Y, Tong H, Chen L, Morisseau C, Zhou Z, Zhuang J, Song C, Cai P, Liu Z, Hammock BD, Chen G. Design and Synthesis of sEH/HDAC6 Dual-Targeting Inhibitors for the Treatment of Inflammatory Pain. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 39033411 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and HDAC6 mediate the NF-κB pathway in inflammatory responses, and their inhibitors exhibit powerful anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities in treating both inflammation and pain. Therefore, a series of dual-targeting inhibitors containing urea or squaramide and hydroxamic acid moieties were designed and synthesized, and their role as a new sEH/HDAC6 dual-targeting inhibitor in inflammatory pain was evaluated in a formalin-induced mice model and a xylene-induced mouse ear swelling model. Among them, compounds 28g and 28j showed the best inhibitory and selectivity of sEH and HDAC6. Compound 28g had satisfactory pharmacokinetic characteristics in rats. Following administration at 30 mg/kg, compound 28g exhibited more effective analgesic activity than either an sEH inhibitor (GL-B437) or an HDAC6 inhibitor (Rocilinostat) alone and coadministration of both inhibitors. Thus, these novel sEH/HDAC6 dual-targeting inhibitors exhibited powerful analgesic activity in nociceptive behavior and are worthy of further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huashen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuanguang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hua Tong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Targeting Drugs for Hematological Malignancies, Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Zijian Zhou
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Targeting Drugs for Hematological Malignancies, Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Junning Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Chuqiao Song
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Pengcheng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Zhongbo Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Yasuda I, Toizumi M, Sando E. Deleterious effects of a combination therapy using fluoroquinolones and tetracyclines for the treatment of Japanese spotted fever: a retrospective cohort study based on a Japanese hospital database. J Antimicrob Chemother 2024:dkae192. [PMID: 38863370 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkae192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Tetracyclines are the standard treatment for rickettsiosis, including Japanese spotted fever (JSF), a tick-borne rickettsiosis caused by Rickettsia japonica. While some specialists in Japan advocate combining fluoroquinolones with tetracyclines for treating JSF, the negative aspects of combination therapy have not been thoroughly evaluated. Whether fluoroquinolones should be combined with tetracyclines for JSF treatment is controversial. The study aimed to evaluate the disadvantages of fluoroquinolones combined with tetracyclines for JSF treatment. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was conducted using a Japanese database comprising claims data from April 2008 to December 2020. The combination therapy group (tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones) was compared with the monotherapy group (tetracycline only) regarding mortality and the incidence of complications. RESULTS A total of 797 patients were enrolled: 525 received combination therapy, and 272 received monotherapy. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for mortality was 2.30 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.28-18.77] in the combination therapy group with respect to the monotherapy group. According to the subgroup analysis, patients undergoing combination therapy with ciprofloxacin experienced higher mortality rates compared with those receiving monotherapy (adjusted OR = 25.98, 95% CI = 1.71-393.75). Additionally, 27.7% of the combination therapy group received NSAIDs concurrently with fluoroquinolones. The combination therapy with NSAIDs group was significantly more likely to experience convulsions than the monotherapy without NSAIDs group (adjusted OR: 5.44, 95% CI: 1.13-26.30). CONCLUSIONS This study found no evidence that combination therapy improves mortality outcomes and instead uncovered its deleterious effects. These findings facilitate a fair assessment of combination therapy that includes consideration of its disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikkoh Yasuda
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Infectious Diseases, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Kita-Fukushima Medical Center, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michiko Toizumi
- Department of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Sando
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Clinical Infectious Diseases, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Kita-Fukushima Medical Center, Fukushima, Japan
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Theken KN, Ghosh S, Skarke C, Fries S, Lahens NF, Sarantopoulou D, Grant GR, FitzGerald GA, Grosser T. Degree of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Modulates Blood Pressure Response to Celecoxib and Naproxen. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.05.30.24308244. [PMID: 38854091 PMCID: PMC11160842 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.30.24308244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) increase the risk of adverse cardiovascular events via suppression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-derived prostacyclin (PGI2) formation in heart, vasculature, and kidney. The Prospective Randomized Evaluation of Celecoxib Integrated Safety versus Ibuprofen Or Naproxen (PRECISION) trial and other large clinical studies compared the cardiovascular risk of traditional NSAIDs (i.e. naproxen), which inhibit both COX isozymes, with NSAIDs selective for COX-2 (i.e. celecoxib). However, whether pharmacologically equipotent doses were used - that is, whether a similar degree of COX-2 inhibition was achieved - was not considered. We compared drug target inhibition and blood pressure response to celecoxib at the dose used by most patients in PRECISION with the lowest recommended naproxen dose for osteoarthritis, which is lower than the dose used in PRECISION. Methods Sixteen healthy participants (19-61 years) were treated with celecoxib (100 mg every 12h), naproxen (250 mg every 12h), or placebo administered twice daily for seven days in a double-blind, crossover design randomized by order. On Day 7 when drug levels had reached steady state, the degree of COX inhibition was assessed ex vivo and in vivo. Ambulatory blood pressure was measured throughout the final 12h dosing interval. Results Both NSAIDs inhibited COX-2 activity relative to placebo, but naproxen inhibited COX-2 activity to a greater degree (62.9±21.7%) than celecoxib (35.7±25.2%; p<0.05). Similarly, naproxen treatment inhibited PGI2 formation in vivo (48.0±24.9%) to a greater degree than celecoxib (26.7±24.6%; p<0.05). Naproxen significantly increased blood pressure compared to celecoxib (differences in least-square means of mean arterial pressure: 2.5 mm Hg (95% CI: 1.5, 3.5); systolic blood pressure: 4.0 mm Hg (95% CI: 2.9, 5.1); diastolic blood pressure: 1.8 mm Hg (95% CI: 0.8, 2.8); p<0.05 for all). The difference in systolic blood pressure relative to placebo was associated with the degree of COX-2 inhibition (p<0.05). Conclusions Celecoxib 200 mg/day inhibited COX-2 activity to a lesser degree than naproxen 500 mg/day, resulting in a less pronounced blood pressure increase. While the PRECISION trial concluded the non-inferiority of celecoxib regarding cardiovascular risk, this is based on a comparison of doses that are not equipotent.ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02502006 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02502006).
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine N. Theken
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Soumita Ghosh
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Carsten Skarke
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Susanne Fries
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicholas F. Lahens
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Dimitra Sarantopoulou
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Current address: National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Gregory R. Grant
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Garret A. FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Tilo Grosser
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Translational Pharmacology, EWL School of Medicine, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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Ioakeim-Skoufa I, González-Rubio F, Aza-Pascual-Salcedo M, Laguna-Berna C, Poblador-Plou B, Vicente-Romero J, Coelho H, Santos-Mejías A, Prados-Torres A, Moreno-Juste A, Gimeno-Miguel A. Multimorbidity patterns and trajectories in young and middle-aged adults: a large-scale population-based cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1349723. [PMID: 38818448 PMCID: PMC11137269 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1349723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The presence of multiple chronic conditions, also referred to as multimorbidity, is a common finding in adults. Epidemiologic research can help identify groups of individuals with similar clinical profiles who could benefit from similar interventions. Many cross-sectional studies have revealed the existence of different multimorbidity patterns. Most of these studies were focused on the older population. However, multimorbidity patterns begin to form at a young age and can evolve over time following distinct multimorbidity trajectories with different impact on health. In this study, we aimed to identify multimorbidity patterns and trajectories in adults 18-65 years old. Methods We conducted a retrospective longitudinal epidemiologic study in the EpiChron Cohort, which includes all inhabitants of Aragón (Spain) registered as users of the Spanish National Health System, linking, at the patient level, information from electronic health records from both primary and specialised care. We included all 293,923 patients 18-65 years old with multimorbidity in 2011. We used cluster analysis at baseline (2011) and in 2015 and 2019 to identify multimorbidity patterns at four and eight years of follow-up, and we then created alluvial plots to visualise multimorbidity trajectories. We performed age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analysis to study the association of each pattern with four- and eight-year mortality. Results We identified three multimorbidity patterns at baseline, named dyslipidaemia & endocrine-metabolic, hypertension & obesity, and unspecific. The hypertension & obesity pattern, found in one out of every four patients was associated with a higher likelihood of four- and eight-year mortality (age- and sex-adjusted odds ratio 1.11 and 1.16, respectively) compared to the unspecific pattern. Baseline patterns evolved into different patterns during the follow-up. Discussion Well-known preventable cardiovascular risk factors were key elements in most patterns, highlighting the role of hypertension and obesity as risk factors for higher mortality. Two out of every three patients had a cardiovascular profile with chronic conditions like diabetes and obesity that are linked to low-grade systemic chronic inflammation. More studies are encouraged to better characterise the relatively large portion of the population with an unspecific disease pattern and to help design and implement effective and comprehensive strategies towards healthier ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignatios Ioakeim-Skoufa
- Department of Drug Statistics, Division of Health Data and Digitalisation, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Emerging Technologies Advisory Group, ISACA, Chicago, IL, United States
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Drug Utilisation Work Group, Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (semFYC), Barcelona, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisca González-Rubio
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Drug Utilisation Work Group, Spanish Society of Family and Community Medicine (semFYC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercedes Aza-Pascual-Salcedo
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Primary Care Pharmacy Service Zaragoza III, Aragon Health Service (SALUD), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Clara Laguna-Berna
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Beatriz Poblador-Plou
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Vicente-Romero
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Legal and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Helena Coelho
- Tondela-Viseu Hospital Centre, Viseu, Portugal
- Specialised Section for Regulatory Affairs & Quality, Portuguese Society of Health Care Pharmacists (SPFCS), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Alejandro Santos-Mejías
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Alexandra Prados-Torres
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Aida Moreno-Juste
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Aragon Health Service (SALUD), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Antonio Gimeno-Miguel
- EpiChron Research Group on Chronic Diseases, Aragon Health Sciences Institute (IACS), Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Miguel Servet University Hospital, Zaragoza, Spain
- Research Network on Chronicity, Primary Care, and Health Promotion (RICAPPS), Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Zeng T, Ye JZ, Qin H, Xu QQ. Systematic review and network meta-analysis of different non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for juvenile idiopathic arthritis. World J Clin Cases 2024; 12:2056-2064. [PMID: 38680254 PMCID: PMC11045511 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i12.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been used for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). However, the optimal method for JIA has not yet been developed. AIM To perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis to determine the optimal instructions. METHODS We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from PubMed, EMBASE, Google Scholar, CNKI, and Wanfang without restriction for publication date or language at August, 2023. Any RCTs that comparing the effectiveness of NSAIDs with each other or placebo for JIA were included in this network meta-analysis. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) analysis was used to rank the treatments. P value less than 0.05 was identified as statistically significant. RESULTS We included 8 RCTs (1127 patients) comparing 8 different instructions including meloxicam (0.125 qd and 0.250 qd), Celecoxib (3 mg/kg bid and 6 mg/kg bid), piroxicam, Naproxen (5.0 mg/kg/d, 7.5 mg/kg/d and 12.5 mg/kg/d), inuprofen (30-40 mg/kg/d), Aspirin (60-80 mg/kg/d, 75 mg/kg/d, and 55 mg/kg/d), Tolmetin (15 mg/kg/d), Rofecoxib, and placebo. There were no significant differences between any two NSAIDs regarding ACR Pedi 30 response. The SUCRA shows that celecoxib (6 mg/kg bid) ranked first (SUCRA, 88.9%), rofecoxib ranked second (SUCRA, 68.1%), Celecoxib (3 mg/kg bid) ranked third (SUCRA, 51.0%). There were no significant differences between any two NSAIDs regarding adverse events. The SUCRA shows that placebo ranked first (SUCRA, 88.2%), piroxicam ranked second (SUCRA, 60.5%), rofecoxib (0.6 mg/kg qd) ranked third (SUCRA, 56.1%), meloxicam (0.125 mg/kg qd) ranked fourth (SUCRA, 56.1%), and rofecoxib (0.3 mg/kg qd) ranked fifth (SUCRA, 56.1%). CONCLUSION In summary, celecoxib (6 mg/kg bid) was found to be the most effective NSAID for treating JIA. Rofecoxib, piroxicam, and meloxicam may be safer options, but further research is needed to confirm these findings in larger trials with higher quality studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- College of Medicine, Jingchu University of Technology Jingmen, Jingmen 448000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Ye
- College of Medicine, Jingchu University of Technology Jingmen, Jingmen 448000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Qin
- College of Medicine, Jingchu University of Technology Jingmen, Jingmen 448000, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian-Qian Xu
- College of Medicine, Jingchu University of Technology Jingmen, Jingmen 448000, Hubei Province, China
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Fu S, Bao X, Wang Z, Tang Y, Wu Q, Zhu B, Zhou F, Ding Z. Antipyretic effect of inhaled Tetrastigma hemsleyanum polysaccharide on substance and energy metabolism in yeast-induced pyrexia mice via TLR4/NF-κb signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117732. [PMID: 38218501 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg, is one of the perennial evergreen plants with grass vine, which has obvious curative effect on severe infectious diseases. Although Tetrastigma hemleyanum has long been recognized for its capacity of antipyretic and antitoxic, its specific mechanism is unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the antipyretic effect of Tetrastigma hemleyanum polysaccharide (THP) on mice with dry yeast-induced fever, and to explore its specific antipyretic mechanism. METHODS In this study, THP was administered by aerosol in febrile mice. The rectal temperatures of treated animals were monitored at different time points. Histopathological evaluation and various inflammatory indexes were used to assess inflammatory damage. The concentration variations of the central neurotransmitter, endocrine system, substance and energy metabolism indicators were measured to explore the physiological mechanism. Quantitative real-time PCR, Western bolt and Immunohistochemistry were performed to identify the correlation between antipyretic and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. RESULTS THP reduced the body temperature of febrile mice induced by dry yeast, as well as the levels of thermogenic cytokines and downregulated the contents of thermoregulatory mediators. THP alleviated the pathological damage of liver and hypothalamus caused by fever. In addition, THP decreased the secretion of thyroid hormone, substance and energy metabolism related indicators. Furthermore, THP significantly suppressed TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway-related indicators. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our results suggest that inhaled THP exerts antipyretic effect by mediating the thermoregulatory mediator, decreasing the content of pyrogenic factors to lower the body temperature, and eventually restoring the high metabolic level in the body to normal via inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. The study provides a reasonable pharmacodynamic basis for the treatment of polysaccharide in febrile-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Fu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Xiaodan Bao
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Zhejiong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Youying Tang
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Qian Wu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Bingqi Zhu
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Fangmei Zhou
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
| | - Zhishan Ding
- School of Medical Technology and Information Engineering, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310053, China.
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Barbosa FL, Ehrenfried CA, Radulski DR, Oliveira CS, Stefanello MÉA, Zampronio AR. Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of extracts and α-pyrones isolated from Cantinoa stricta. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:1263-1275. [PMID: 38467913 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01444-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the composition and the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity of the crude extracts and two isolated compounds, anamarine (ANA) and 10-epi-olguine (eOL), obtained from the leaves of Cantinoa stricta (Lamiaceae). Crude ethanolic extract (EEt) and dichloromethane extract (DCM), selected based on NMR data, were submitted to pharmacological tests in male Swiss mice. The oral administration of EEt and DCM significantly reduced the second phase of formalin-induced nociception (60%), lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia (90%), and carrageenan (Cg)-induced edema (25%). ANA and eOL, the major compounds in EEt and DCM extracts, administered orally or locally (in the paw), also reduced the LPS-induced mechanical hyperalgesia (Oral ID50 1.9 and 3.9 mg/kg; Local ID50 93.4 and 677.3 ng, respectively) without changing the thermal acute nociception or the motor performance of the animals. Local administration of ANA and eOL also reduced Cg-induced edema (40 and 23%, respectively). These isolated compounds did not change the mechanical hyperalgesia induced by tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, prostaglandin E2, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, or forskolin but reversed the hyperalgesia induced by dopamine, epinephrine, and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. The hyperalgesia induced by epinephrine was reversed in male but not in female mice, in which this response is not dependent on protein kinase C (PKC). These results suggest that C. stricta extracts possess antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activity which is related to the presence of ANA and eOL. Differently from the known analgesics, these substances seem to exert their action mainly interfering with the sympathetic component of pain, possibly with PKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Lukacievicz Barbosa
- Pharmacology Department, Biological Sciences Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Mailbox: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81540-970, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Ehrenfried
- Pharmacology Department, Biological Sciences Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Mailbox: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81540-970, Brazil
| | - Débora Rasec Radulski
- Pharmacology Department, Biological Sciences Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Mailbox: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81540-970, Brazil
| | | | | | - Aleksander Roberto Zampronio
- Pharmacology Department, Biological Sciences Sector, Federal University of Paraná, Mailbox: 19031, Curitiba, PR, CEP 81540-970, Brazil.
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Su J, Yang L, Sun Z, Zhan X. Personalized Drug Therapy: Innovative Concept Guided With Proteoformics. Mol Cell Proteomics 2024; 23:100737. [PMID: 38354979 PMCID: PMC10950891 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2024.100737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Personalized medicine can reduce adverse effects, enhance drug efficacy, and optimize treatment outcomes, which represents the essence of personalized medicine in the pharmacy field. Protein drugs are crucial in the field of personalized drug therapy and are currently the mainstay, which possess higher target specificity and biological activity than small-molecule chemical drugs, making them efficient in regulating disease-related biological processes, and have significant potential in the development of personalized drugs. Currently, protein drugs are designed and developed for specific protein targets based on patient-specific protein data. However, due to the rapid development of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry, it is now widely recognized that a canonical protein actually includes multiple proteoforms, and the differences between these proteoforms will result in varying responses to drugs. The variation in the effects of different proteoforms can be significant and the impact can even alter the intended benefit of a drug, potentially making it harmful instead of lifesaving. As a result, we propose that protein drugs should shift from being targeted through the lens of protein (proteomics) to being targeted through the lens of proteoform (proteoformics). This will enable the development of personalized protein drugs that are better equipped to meet patients' specific needs and disease characteristics. With further development in the field of proteoformics, individualized drug therapy, especially personalized protein drugs aimed at proteoforms as a drug target, will improve the understanding of disease mechanisms, discovery of new drug targets and signaling pathways, provide a theoretical basis for the development of new drugs, aid doctors in conducting health risk assessments and making more cost-effective targeted prevention strategies conducted by artificial intelligence/machine learning, promote technological innovation, and provide more convenient treatment tailored to individualized patient profile, which will benefit the affected individuals and society at large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwen Su
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lamei Yang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ziran Sun
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xianquan Zhan
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Laboratory of Ovarian Cancer Multiomics, & Shandong Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Mobasheri A, Spring-Charles A, Gamaleri FC, McSwan J, Garg M, Sethi VS. Evidence-Based Opinions from Multidisciplinary Experts on Use of Naturopathic Herbal Remedies in Pain Management. J Pain Res 2024; 17:599-608. [PMID: 38347854 PMCID: PMC10860847 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s432090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pharmacological approaches to acute and chronic pain management, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids, are respectively associated with adverse reactions (such as gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and renal effects) that might limit their use in patients with comorbidities and controversy related to inappropriate use. Naturopathic remedies might offer patients alternative and integrative treatments with minimal side effects. Objective To explore the regional variation in the acceptance and use of naturopathic remedies in pain management. Methods Two expert panel discussions were held by GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare (now Haleon Pte. Ltd.) over 9 and 12 hours in 2020 and 2021, respectively, and attended by multidisciplinary experts in naturopathy, Ayurvedic medicine, community pharmacy, physiotherapy, clinical pharmacy, Western medicine, academics, and naturopathic pain relief. Experts shared and discussed their experiences of naturopathic treatments and relevant clinical evidence related to different types of pain (including joint and muscle pain, migraine, sleeplessness due to pain, and general pain) and examined barriers to providing support to patients. Results Experts agreed on the potential for curcumin (2020, 71.4% [5/7]; 2021, 91.7% [11/12]) and fish oil (2020, 100% [7/7]) for management of osteoarthritic joint pain although these are not uniformly recommended in osteoarthritis treatment guidelines. In treatment of migraines, coenzyme Q10 and magnesium were favored by experts (2021, 90.9% [10/11] and 63.6% [7/11], respectively). Conclusion The need was emphasized for more and higher quality clinical studies to support naturopathic remedies, which might not be reflected in the latest treatment guidelines. The expert panel also highlighted missed opportunities for physicians and pharmacists to recommend effective naturopathic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Physics and Technology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Department of Joint Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Center for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Joyce McSwan
- PainWISE Pty Ltd, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Manohar Garg
- Nutraceuticals Research Program, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Vidhu Sood Sethi
- Medical Affairs, Haleon (Formerly GlaxoSmithKline Consumer Healthcare) Pte. Ltd., Singapore
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10
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Weisman SM, Ciavarra G, Cooper G. What a pain in the … back: a review of current treatment options with a focus on naproxen sodium. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:12384. [PMID: 38384362 PMCID: PMC10880755 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.12384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Non-specific low back pain (LBP) represents a challenging and prevalent condition that is one of the most common symptoms leading to primary care physician visits. While established guidelines recommend prioritizing non-pharmacological approaches as the primary course of action, pharmacological treatments are advised when non-pharmacological approaches are ineffective or based on patient preference. These guidelines recommend non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or skeletal muscle relaxers (SMRs) as the first-line pharmacological options for acute or subacute LBP, while NSAIDs are the exclusive first-line pharmacological option for chronic LBP. Although SMRs are generally effective for acute LBP, the available evidence does not support the view that they improve functional recovery, and their comparative efficacy to NSAIDs and other analgesics remains unknown, while studies have shown them to introduce adverse events without significantly reducing LBP. Moreover, opioids continue to be widely prescribed for LBP, despite limited evidence for effectiveness and known risks of addiction and overdose. Broader use of non-opioid pharmacotherapy, including the appropriate use of OTC options, is critical to addressing the opioid crisis. The balance of evidence indicates that NSAIDs have a favorable benefit-risk profile when compared to other available pharmacological treatment options for non-specific LBP, a condition that is primarily acute in nature and well-suited for self-treatment with OTC analgesics. While clinical guidelines do not differentiate between NSAIDs, evidence indicates that OTC naproxen sodium effectively relieves pain across multiple types of pain models, and furthermore, the 14-h half-life of naproxen sodium allows sustained, all day pain relief with reduced patient pill burden as compared to shorter acting options. Choosing the most appropriate approach for managing LBP, including non-pharmacological options, should be based on the patient's condition, severity of pain, potential risks, and individual patient preference and needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Grant Cooper
- Princeton Spine and Joint Center, Princeton, NJ, United States
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11
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Du N, Yang R, Jiang S, Niu Z, Zhou W, Liu C, Gao L, Sun Q. Anti-Aging Drugs and the Related Signal Pathways. Biomedicines 2024; 12:127. [PMID: 38255232 PMCID: PMC10813474 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a multifactorial biological process involving chronic diseases that manifest from the molecular level to the systemic level. From its inception to 31 May 2022, this study searched the PubMed, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane library databases to identify relevant research from 15,983 articles. Multiple approaches have been employed to combat aging, such as dietary restriction (DR), exercise, exchanging circulating factors, gene therapy, and anti-aging drugs. Among them, anti-aging drugs are advantageous in their ease of adherence and wide prevalence. Despite a shared functional output of aging alleviation, the current anti-aging drugs target different signal pathways that frequently cross-talk with each other. At present, six important signal pathways were identified as being critical in the aging process, including pathways for the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nutrient signal pathway, silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1), regulation of telomere length and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3), and energy metabolism. These signal pathways could be targeted by many anti-aging drugs, with the corresponding representatives of rapamycin, metformin, acarbose, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), lithium, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), respectively. This review summarized these important aging-related signal pathways and their representative targeting drugs in attempts to obtain insights into and promote the development of mechanism-based anti-aging strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Du
- Frontier Biotechnology Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (N.D.); (R.Y.); (Z.N.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, 2021RU008, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Ruigang Yang
- Frontier Biotechnology Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (N.D.); (R.Y.); (Z.N.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, 2021RU008, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing 314002, China
| | - Shengrong Jiang
- The Meta-Center, 29 Xierqi Middle Rd, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Zubiao Niu
- Frontier Biotechnology Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (N.D.); (R.Y.); (Z.N.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, 2021RU008, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing 314002, China
| | - Wenzhao Zhou
- Frontier Biotechnology Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (N.D.); (R.Y.); (Z.N.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, 2021RU008, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chenyu Liu
- Frontier Biotechnology Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (N.D.); (R.Y.); (Z.N.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Lihua Gao
- Frontier Biotechnology Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (N.D.); (R.Y.); (Z.N.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
| | - Qiang Sun
- Frontier Biotechnology Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Biotechnology, Beijing 100071, China; (N.D.); (R.Y.); (Z.N.); (W.Z.); (C.L.); (L.G.)
- Research Unit of Cell Death Mechanism, 2021RU008, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing 314002, China
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12
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Shi LH, Lam SH, So H, Chan CY, Li TK, Szeto CC, Tam LS. Inflammation is associated with incident hypertension in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: A longitudinal cohort study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2205056. [PMID: 37139811 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2205056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To elucidate the risk factors for the development of incident hypertension (IHT) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study in axSpA patients who were recruited from 2001 to 2019 from a university clinic in Hong Kong. Patients with HT and/or anti-hypertensive drug use at baseline were excluded. They were followed until the end of 2020. The outcome was IHT, defined by a diagnosis and a prescription for an antihypertensive drug. Baseline and time-varying Cox regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index (BMI), were used to assess the relationship between drug use, inflammatory burden, and IHT. RESULTS Four hundred and thirteen patients [age: 34(25-43) years, male: 319 (77.2%)] were recruited. After a median follow-up of 12 (6-17) years, 58 patients (14%) developed IHT (IHT+group). Among all the baseline variables, disease duration and delay in diagnosis were the independent predictors for IHT based on the Cox regression model. In the multivariate Cox regression analysis, baseline disease duration, delay in diagnosis and time-varying ESR levels were independent predictors associated with an increased risk of IHT. IHT risk was significantly increased in patients with disease duration >5 years. The use of anti-inflammatory drugs was not associated with the development of IHT. CONCLUSION Higher inflammatory burden as reflected by a longer disease duration, delay diagnosis and higher ESR levels, were predictors associated with IHT after adjusting for traditional CV risk factors. These data support routine screening for hypertension in axSpA patients, especially those with longer disease duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hong Shi
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science (LiHS), The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Steven H Lam
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho So
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Crystal Y Chan
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Tena K Li
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cheuk-Chun Szeto
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science (LiHS), The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lai-Shan Tam
- Department of Medicine & Therapeutics, The Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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13
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Lin PL, Cao JL, Ren P, Chen JL, Cao BY, He P, Zheng CH, Li QW, Wang W, Zhang J. Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Explore Mechanism of Tetrahydropalmatine on Acute Myocardial Ischemia. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:1087-1098. [PMID: 37606869 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-023-3644-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the potential molecular mechanism of tetrahydropalmatine (THP) on acute myocardial ischemia (AMI). METHODS First, the target genes of THP and AMI were collected from SymMap Database, Traditional Chinese Medicine Database and Analysis Platform, and Swiss Target Prediction, respectively. Then, the overlapping target genes between THP and AMI were evaluated for Grene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction network analysis. The binding affinity between the protein and THP was assessed by molecular docking. Finally, the protective effects of THP on AMI model and oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) model of H9C2 cardiomyocyte were explored and the expression levels of target genes were detected by RT-qPCR in vivo and in vitro. RESULTS MMP9, PPARG, PTGS2, SLC6A4, ESR1, JAK2, GSK3B, NOS2 and AR were recognized as hub genes. The KEGG enrichment analysis results revealed that the potential target genes of THP were involved in the regulation of PPAR and hormone pathways. THP improved the cardiac function, as well as alleviated myocardial cell damage. Furthermore, THP significantly decreased the RNA expression levels of MMP9, PTGS2, SLC6A4, GSK3B and ESR1 (P<0.05, P<0.01) after AMI. In vitro, THP significantly increased H9C2 cardiomyocyte viability (P<0.05, P<0.01) and inhibited the RNA expression levels of PPARG, ESR1 and AR (P<0.05, P<0.01) in OGD model. CONCLUSIONS THP could improve cardiac function and alleviate myocardial injury in AMI. The underlying mechanism may be inhibition of inflammation, the improvement of energy metabolism and the regulation of hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Li Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jun-Ling Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Ping Ren
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jia-Li Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Bo-Ya Cao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ping He
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chang-Hui Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Qi-Wen Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, 100029, China
- Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing, 100029, China.
- Key Laboratory of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China.
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14
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Fang HH, Hsu J, Su JGJ. Etoricoxib enhances aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity. Toxicology 2023; 499:153658. [PMID: 37890551 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Etoricoxib is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that possesses properties that include reducing inflammation and relieving pain and fever. Etoricoxib is an oral medication that selectively inhibits cyclooxygenase-2 with high efficacy. Controversies about its cardiovascular side effects have long existed. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a cytoplasmic receptor that plays a key role in the metabolism of xenobiotics and many physiological functions. 2-(1'H-indole-3'-carbonyl)-thiazole-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (ITE) is a tryptophan metabolite and endogenous AhR agonist. Activation of AhR by its ligand induces upregulation of AhR-targeted cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1 expression. We found that etoricoxib (10-60 μM) induced CYP1A1 mRNA and protein expressions and the transcriptional activity of AhR mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon response element (AHRE) in both mouse Hepa-1c1c7 and human HepG2 cells. Its induction did not appear in AhR signaling-deficient cells, and was inhibited by the AhR antagonist, CH-223191. Etoricoxib was able to induced the translocalization of AhR from cytosol into nucleus. Etoricoxib also worked synergistically with ITE to further increase the expression of CYP1A1 mRNA and protein in human cells. The synergistic effect was higher in cells with than cells without overexpression of AhR. In summary, etoricoxib is an agonist of AhR in both mouse and human cells. Etoricoxib has a synergistic effect on ITE-induced CYP1A1 expression in human cells. The effect of etoricoxib on AhR and ITE on endothelial cells and cardiomyocytes should be further elucidated to in hope to clarify the mechanism of increased cardiovascular events in COX-2 inhibitors and etoricoxib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-Ho Fang
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jiun Hsu
- National Taiwan University Hospital YunLin Branch, Yunlin 640203, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jyan-Gwo Joseph Su
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan, ROC.
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15
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Kung Y, Chien WC, Shen HH, Chen SL, Yu WL, Wang YC, Chen WS, Wu CH. Potential of thermoresponsive hydrogel as an alternative therapy for rat knee osteoarthritis. J Biomater Appl 2023; 38:707-718. [PMID: 37867223 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231208506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a degenerative condition that is highly prevalent and primarily affects the joints. The knee is the most commonly affected site, impacting the lives of over 300 million individuals worldwide. This study presents a potential solution to address the unmet need for a minimally invasive technique in the treatment of osteoarthritis: a biocompatible, injectable, and thermoresponsive hydrogel. In comparison to commercially available products such as lyophilized platelets, dextrose, and triamcinolone, the thermoresponsive hydrogel exhibits significantly superior performance in dynamic behaviors, including print area, stability, and step cycle, when tested on rats with knee osteoarthritis. However, it demonstrates similar treatment efficacy to these products in static behaviors, as observed through histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis. Therefore, the thermoresponsive hydrogel holds promise as an effective alternative therapy for osteoarthritis. Moreover, by blending the hydrogel with drugs, controlled and sustained release can be achieved, thereby facilitating the long-term management of osteoarthritis symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Kung
- Department of Biomechatronic Engineering, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chun Chien
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Shen
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Sen-Lu Chen
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lin Yu
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chi Wang
- Biomedical Technology and Device Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Shiang Chen
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chueh-Hung Wu
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
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16
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Gupta A, Laha JK. Growing Utilization of Radical Chemistry in the Synthesis of Pharmaceuticals. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300207. [PMID: 37565381 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Our current unhealthy lifestyle and the exponential surge in the population getting affected by a variety of diseases have made pharmaceuticals or drugs an imperative part of life, making the development of innovative strategies for drug discovery or the introduction of refined, cost-effective and modern technologies for the synthesis of clinically used drugs, a need of the hour. Ever since their discovery, free radicals and radical cations or anions as reactive intermediates have captivated the chemists, resulting in an exceptional utilization of these moieties throughout the field of chemical synthesis, owing to their unprecedented and widespread reactivity. Sticking with the idea of not judging the book by its cover, despite the conventional thought process of radicals being unstable and difficult to control entities, scientists and academicians around the globe have done an appreciable amount of work utilizing both persistent as well as transient radicals for a variety of organic transformations, exemplifying them with the synthesis of significant biologically active pharmaceutical ingredients. This review truly accounts for the organic radical transformations including radical addition, radical cascade cyclization, radical/radical cross-coupling, coupling with metal-complexes and radical cations coupling with nucleophiles, that offers fascinating and unconventional approaches towards the construction of intricate structural frameworks of marketed APIs with high atom- and step-economy; complementing the otherwise employed traditional methods. This tutorial review presents a comprehensive package of diverse methods utilized for radical generation, featuring their reactivity to form critical bonds in pharmaceutical total synthesis or in building key starting materials or intermediates of their synthetic journey, acknowledging their excellence, downsides and underlying mechanisms, which are otherwise poorly highlighted in the literature. Despite great achievements over the past few decades in this area, many challenges and obstacles are yet to be unraveled to shorten the distance between the academics and the industry, which are all discussed in summary and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
| | - Joydev K Laha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Process Chemistry), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) S.A.S. Nagar, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Mohali, 160062, India
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Messerer B, Stijic M, Sandner-Kiesling A, Brillinger JM, Helm J, Scheer J, Strohmeier CS, Avian A. Is PONV still a problem in pediatric surgery: a prospective study of what children tell us. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1241304. [PMID: 37964809 PMCID: PMC10642485 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1241304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is an unpleasant complication after surgery that commonly co-occurs with pain. Considering the high prevalence among pediatric patients, it is important to explore the main risk factors leading to PONV in order to optimize treatment strategies. The objectives of this study are as follows: (1) to determine the prevalence of PONV on the day of surgery by conducting interviews with pediatric patients, (2) to assess PONV prevalence in the recovery room and on the ward by analyzing nursing records, and (3) to collect information on PONV risk factors on the day of surgery and the following postoperative days. We wanted to investigate real-life scenarios rather than relying on artificially designed studies. Methods A prospective analysis [according to STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines] of PONV on the day of surgery and the following postoperative days was conducted by evaluating demographic and procedural parameters, as well as conducting interviews with the children under study. A total of 626 children and adolescents, ranging in age from 4 to 18 years, were interviewed on the ward following their surgery. The interviews were conducted using a questionnaire, as children aged 4 and above can participate in an outcome-based survey. Results On the day of surgery, several multivariable independent predictors were identified for PONV. The type of surgery was found to be a significant factor (p = 0.040) with the highest odds ratio (OR) in patients with procedural investigations [OR 5.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.8-19.2], followed by abdominal surgery (OR 3.1, 95% CI: 0.9-11.1) when inguinal surgery was used as the reference category. In addition, the study identified several predictors, including the amount of fentanyl administered during anesthesia (µg/kg body weight) (OR 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1-1.8), intraoperative use of piritramide (OR 2.6, 95% CI: 1.5-4.4) and diclofenac (OR 2.0, 95% CI: 1. 3-3.1), opioid administration in the recovery room (OR 3.0, 95% CI: 1.9-4.7), and piritramide use on the ward (OR 4.5, 95% CI: 1.7-11.6). Conclusions The main risk factors for PONV include the intraoperative administration of opioids during the recovery room stay and at the ward, the intraoperative use of non-opioids (diclofenac), and the specific type of surgical procedure. Real-life data demonstrated that in clinical praxis, there is a gap between the adherence to established guidelines and the use of antiemetic prophylaxis in surgeries that are generally not associated with a high PONV prevalence. Further efforts are needed to improve the existing procedures and thus improve the overall outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brigitte Messerer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Marko Stijic
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- University Clinic for Neurology, Clinical Department for Neurogeriatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Andreas Sandner-Kiesling
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Johanna M. Brillinger
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jasmin Helm
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jacqueline Scheer
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Christof Stefan Strohmeier
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Avian
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Kim HM, Kang M, Jung YS, Lee YJ, Choi W, Yoo H, Kim J, An HJ. Effects of SKCPT on Osteoarthritis in Beagle Meniscectomy and Cranial Cruciate Ligament Transection Models. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14972. [PMID: 37834419 PMCID: PMC10573642 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) affects >500 million people globally, and this number is expected to increase. OA management primarily focuses on symptom alleviation, using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including Celecoxib. However, such medication has serious side effects, emphasizing the need for disease-specific treatment. The meniscectomy and cranial cruciate ligament transection (CCLx)-treated beagle dog was used to investigate the efficacy of a modified-release formulation of SKI306X (SKCPT) from Clematis mandshurica, Prunella vulgaris, and Trichosanthes kirilowii in managing arthritis. SKCPT's anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been assessed via stifle circumference, gait, incapacitance, histopathology, and ELISA tests. The different SKCPT concentrations and formulations also affected the outcome. SKCPT improved the gait, histopathological, and ELISA OA assessment parameters compared to the control group. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases were significantly lower in the SKCPT-treated groups than in the control group. This study found that SKCPT reduces arthritic lesions and improves abnormal gait. The 300 mg modified-release formulation was more efficacious than others, suggesting a promising approach for managing OA symptoms and addressing disease pathogenesis. A high active ingredient level and a release pattern make this formulation effective for twice-daily arthritis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Min Kim
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
| | - Minseok Kang
- Life Science R&D Center, SK Chemicals, 310 Pangyo, Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (Y.-S.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (W.C.); (H.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Yoon-Seok Jung
- Life Science R&D Center, SK Chemicals, 310 Pangyo, Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (Y.-S.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (W.C.); (H.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Yoon-Jung Lee
- Life Science R&D Center, SK Chemicals, 310 Pangyo, Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (Y.-S.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (W.C.); (H.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Wonjae Choi
- Life Science R&D Center, SK Chemicals, 310 Pangyo, Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (Y.-S.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (W.C.); (H.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Hunseung Yoo
- Life Science R&D Center, SK Chemicals, 310 Pangyo, Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (Y.-S.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (W.C.); (H.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - JeongHoon Kim
- Life Science R&D Center, SK Chemicals, 310 Pangyo, Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea; (M.K.); (Y.-S.J.); (Y.-J.L.); (W.C.); (H.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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Khalili P, Mirzababaei A, Abaj F, Ansari S, Harsini AR, Hajmir MM, Clark CCT, Mirzaei K. The association between adherence to alternative healthy Diet Index (AHEI) and severity, disability, duration, and frequency of migraine headache among women: a cross-sectional study. Nutr J 2023; 22:41. [PMID: 37612713 PMCID: PMC10464152 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-023-00867-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Migraine is a common brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizures lasting between 4 and 72 h. Dietary factors can affect migraine headaches. The Alternative Healthy Diet Index (AHEI) is a measure of diet quality and adherence to healthy dietary patterns. This study aimed to assess the association of adherence to AHEI and severity, disability, duration, and frequency of migraine headaches. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 266 women who suffered from migraines were selected. Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a semi-quantitative, 147-item, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). AHEI was calculated based on FFQ. The Migraine Disability Assessments (MIDAS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) questionnaires were used to evaluate migraine disability, severity and the pain, duration and frequency of headaches. RESULTS People with high adherence to AHEI, compared with low adherence, had a 43% reduction in headache duration in the crude model (OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.34, 0.97; P = 0.03), which remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders (OR = 0.56; 95% CI 0.31, 0.99; P = 0.04). No association was found between the frequency of migraine and AHEI in both crude and adjusted models (OR = 1.19; 95% CI 0.66, 2.14; P = 0.55). In addition, no significant association was found between high adherence of AHEI and odds of severe and moderate headaches (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The results of our study showed that people with high adherence of AHEI had a 43% reduction in duration of migraine. More studies are needed to evaluate and better understand this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pardis Khalili
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shakila Ansari
- -Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Asma Rajabi Harsini
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahya Mehri Hajmir
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Cain C T Clark
- Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
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Silva F, Costa G, Veiga F, Cardoso C, Paiva-Santos AC. Parenteral Ready-to-Use Fixed-Dose Combinations Including NSAIDs with Paracetamol or Metamizole for Multimodal Analgesia-Approved Products and Challenges. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1084. [PMID: 37630999 PMCID: PMC10459253 DOI: 10.3390/ph16081084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The combination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) with non-opioid analgesics is common in clinical practice for the treatment of acute painful conditions like post-operative and post-traumatic pain. Despite the satisfactory results achieved by oral analgesics, parenteral analgesia remains a key tool in the treatment of painful conditions when the enteral routes of administration are inconvenient. Parenteral ready-to-use fixed-dose combinations of non-opioid analgesics combinations, including NSAIDs and paracetamol or metamizole, could play a central role in the treatment of painful conditions by combining the advantages of multimodal and parenteral analgesia in a single formulation. Surprisingly, only in 2020, a parenteral ready-to-use fixed-dose combination of ibuprofen/paracetamol was launched to the market. This review aims to investigate the current availability of combinations of NSAIDs with paracetamol or metamizole in both European and American markets, and how the combination of such drugs could play a central role in a multimodal analgesia strategy. Also, we explored how the parenteral formulations of NSAIDs, paracetamol, and metamizole could serve as starting elements for the development of new parenteral ready-to-use fixed-dose combinations. We concluded that, despite the well-recognized utility of combining NSAIDs with paracetamol or metamizole, several randomized clinical trial studies demonstrate no clear advantages concerning their efficacy and safety. Future clinical trials specifically designed to assess the efficacy and safety of pre-formulated fixed-dose combinations are required to generate solid evidence about their clinical advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Silva
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gustavo Costa
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cardoso
- Laboratórios Basi, Parque Industrial Manuel Lourenço Ferreira, Lote 15, 3450-232 Mortágua, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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Hyeraci M, Papanikolau ES, Grimaldi M, Ricci F, Pallotta S, Monetta R, Minafò YA, Di Lella G, Galdo G, Abeni D, Fania L, Dellambra E. Systemic Photoprotection in Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1067. [PMID: 37509103 PMCID: PMC10377635 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), which include basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), and actinic keratosis (AK), are the most common cancer diseases in the Caucasian race. If diagnosed late and improperly treated, BCC and SCC can become locally advanced and metastasize. Malignant melanoma (MM) is less frequent but more lethal than NMSC. Given the individual and social burdens of skin cancers, performing an adequate prevention is needed. Ultraviolet (UV) ray exposure is one of the main risk factors for skin cancer. Thus, the first-choice prevention strategy is represented by photoprotection that can be both topical and systemic. The latter consists of the oral administration of molecules which protect human skin against the damaging effects of UV rays, acting through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, or immunomodulator mechanisms. Although several compounds are commonly used for photoprotection, only a few molecules have demonstrated their effectiveness in clinical trials and have been included in international guidelines for NMSC prevention (i.e., nicotinamide and retinoids). Moreover, none of them have been demonstrated as able to prevent MM. Clinical and preclinical data regarding the most common compounds used for systemic photoprotection are reported in this review, with a focus on the main mechanisms involved in their photoprotective properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariafrancesca Hyeraci
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, 35131Padua, Italy
| | | | - Marta Grimaldi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Division of Dermatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Ricci
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Sabatino Pallotta
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Rosanna Monetta
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Ylenia Aura Minafò
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Di Lella
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Galdo
- Dermatology Unit, AORN San Giuseppe Moscati, 83100 Avellino, Italy
| | - Damiano Abeni
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Fania
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Dellambra
- IDI-IRCCS, Dermatological Research Hospital, Via dei Monti di Creta 104, 00167 Rome, Italy
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Pan T, He M, Deng L, Li J, Fan Y, Hao X, Mu S. Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of the COX-2 Inhibitory Activities of New 1,3-Dihydro- 2H-indolin-2-one Derivatives. Molecules 2023; 28:4668. [PMID: 37375225 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Thirty-three 1,3-dihydro-2H-indolin-2-one derivatives bearing α, β-unsaturated ketones were designed and synthesized via the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. The cytotoxicity, in vitro anti-inflammatory ability, and in vitro COX-2 inhibitory activity of all the compounds were evaluated. Compounds 4a, 4e, 4i-4j, and 9d exhibited weak cytotoxicity and different degrees of inhibition against NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The IC50 values of compounds 4a, 4i, and 4j were 17.81 ± 1.86 μM, 20.41 ± 1.61 μM, and 16.31 ± 0.35 μM, respectively. Compounds 4e and 9d showed better anti-inflammatory activity with IC50 values of 13.51 ± 0.48 μM and 10.03 ± 0.27 μM, respectively, which were lower than those of the positive control ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC). Compounds 4e, 9h, and 9i showed good COX-2 inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 2.35 ± 0.04 µM, 2.422 ± 0.10 µM and 3.34 ± 0.05 µM, respectively. Moreover, the possible mechanism by which COX-2 recognized 4e, 9h, and 9i was predicted by molecular docking. The results of this research suggested that compounds 4e, 9h, and 9i might be new anti-inflammatory lead compounds for further optimization and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taohua Pan
- College of Pharmacy, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Maofei He
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Lulu Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Yanhua Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
| | - Xiaojiang Hao
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Kunming 650201, China
| | - Shuzhen Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, China
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550014, China
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23
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Zhao ZJ, Sun YL, Ruan XF. Bornyl acetate: A promising agent in phytomedicine for inflammation and immune modulation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154781. [PMID: 37028250 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bornyl acetate (BA), as a bicyclic monoterpene, is an active volatile component widely found in plants across the globe. BA can be used as essence and food flavor agent and is widely used in perfumes and food additives. It remains a key component in several proprietary Chinese medicines. PURPOSE This review summarized the pharmacological activity and research prospects of BA, making it the first of its kind to do so. Our aim is to provide a valuable resource for those pursuing research on BA. METHODS Databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI were used based on search formula "(bornyl acetate) NOT (review)" from 1967 to 2022. For the relevant knowledge of TCM, we quoted Chinese literature. Articles related to agriculture, industry, and economics were excluded. RESULTS BA showed rich pharmacological activities: It inhibits the NF-κB signal pathway via affecting the phosphorylation of IKB and the production of IKKs, inhibits the MAPK signal pathway via inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38, down-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, up-regulates IL-11, reduces NO production, regulates immune response via up-regulating CD86+, decreases catecholamine secretion, and reduces tau protein phosphorylation. In addition to the pharmacological activities of BA, its toxicity and pharmacokinetics were also discussed in this paper. CONCLUSION BA has promising pharmacological properties, especially anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. It also has sedative properties and potential for use in aromatherapy. Compared to traditional NSAIDs, it has a more favorable safety profile while maintaining efficacy. BA has potential for developing novel drugs for treating various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe-Jun Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Cardiovascular Department, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuan-Long Sun
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Cardiovascular Department, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiao-Fen Ruan
- Cardiovascular Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Cardiovascular Department, Shuguang Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Imig JD. Bioactive lipids in hypertension. ADVANCES IN PHARMACOLOGY (SAN DIEGO, CALIF.) 2023; 97:1-35. [PMID: 37236756 PMCID: PMC10918458 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major healthcare issue that afflicts one in every three adults worldwide and contributes to cardiovascular diseases, morbidity and mortality. Bioactive lipids contribute importantly to blood pressure regulation via actions on the vasculature, kidney, and inflammation. Vascular actions of bioactive lipids include blood pressure lowering vasodilation and blood pressure elevating vasoconstriction. Increased renin release by bioactive lipids in the kidney is pro-hypertensive whereas anti-hypertensive bioactive lipid actions result in increased sodium excretion. Bioactive lipids have pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory actions that increase or decrease reactive oxygen species and impact vascular and kidney function in hypertension. Human studies provide evidence that fatty acid metabolism and bioactive lipids contribute to sodium and blood pressure regulation in hypertension. Genetic changes identified in humans that impact arachidonic acid metabolism have been associated with hypertension. Arachidonic acid cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and cytochrome P450 metabolites have pro-hypertensive and anti-hypertensive actions. Omega-3 fish oil fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid are known to be anti-hypertensive and cardiovascular protective. Lastly, emerging fatty acid research areas include blood pressure regulation by isolevuglandins, nitrated fatty acids, and short chain fatty acids. Taken together, bioactive lipids are key contributors to blood pressure regulation and hypertension and their manipulation could decrease cardiovascular disease and associated morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- John D Imig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States.
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Ailani J, Nahas SJ, Friedman DI, Kunkel T. The Safety of Celecoxib as an Acute Treatment for Migraine: A Narrative Review. Pain Ther 2023; 12:655-669. [PMID: 37093356 PMCID: PMC10199993 DOI: 10.1007/s40122-023-00501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been the first-line choice for the acute treatment of migraine attacks for decades; however, the safety of a particular NSAID is related to its treatment dose, duration, and mechanism of action. Although adverse event (AE) risks differ substantially among individual migraine treatments, increased or prolonged exposure to any NSAID elevates risks and severity of AEs. METHODS For this narrative review, we conducted a literature search of PubMed until July 2022, focusing on the history, mechanism of action, and treatment guidelines informing the safety and efficacy of celecoxib oral solution for the acute treatment of migraine attacks. RESULTS Here we discuss the mechanisms of action of nonselective NSAIDs vs. cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, and how these mechanisms underlie the AEs associated with these treatments. We review the clinical trials that influenced the regulatory history of NSAIDs, specifically COX-2 inhibitors, the role of traditional and new formulations of NSAIDs including celecoxib oral solution, and special considerations in the acute treatment of migraine attacks. CONCLUSIONS Low-dose formulations of NSAIDs, such as celecoxib oral solution, provide acute migraine analgesia with similar or fewer associated cardiovascular and gastrointestinal events than previous formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Todd Kunkel
- Collegium Pharmaceutical, Inc, 100 Technology Center Drive, Suite 300, Stoughton, MA, 02072, USA.
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Hsieh CY, Wang CC, Tayo LL, Deng SX, Tsai PW, Lee CJ. In vitro and in vivo anti-osteoarthritis effects of tradition Chinese prescription Ji-Ming-San. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 305:116084. [PMID: 36584922 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ji-Ming-Shan (JMS) is a traditional herbal prescription consisting of seven herbs including Areca cathechu Burm.f., Citrus reticulata Blanco, Chaenomeles speciosa (Sweet) Nakai, Euodia ruticarpa (A. Juss.) Benth., Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.). It was first recorded during the Song dynasty and has been used extensively for protection against rheumatism, treatment of swelling of tendons, relief from foot pain, gout and diuresis and other forms of inflammation. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoarthritis activity of JMS extracts with the use of different cell lines (RAW 264.7 cells, SW1353 cells and primary cultured rat chondrocytes). MIA-induced rat animal models were used to assess the anti-osteoarthritis activity of the extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of JMS-95E on LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages and IL-1β-stimulated chondrocytes. For the in vivo study, male Wistar rats were used and they were randomly assigned in different groups: blank, control, positive control and three different JMS-95E treatment groups (200, 400, 800 mg/kg/d). Paw edema, hind-limb weight bearing, serum inflammatory cytokines including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining experiments were used to assess the efficacy of the extract in the rat model. RESULT JMS 95% ethanol extract (JMS-95E, marker substance: narirutin (5.10 mg/g) and hesperidin (11.33 mg/g) has been identified in the extract using high pressure liquid chromatography. For in vitro assays, JMS-95E did not exhibit cytotoxicity and was able to downregulate the protein expression of iNOS, COX-2 and MMP-13. The production of inflammatory mediators such as NO and PGE2 were also reduced with an increase in dose-dependent manner in various cell lines. Inhibitory activity on the key enzyme xanthine oxidase was also observed in this study. In rat animal models, JMS-95E reduced the inflammatory responses such as acute swelling, chondrocyte degradation and pain section of paw edema in rat model. Molecular marker studies of inflammation demonstrated that JMS-95E significantly decrease PGE2 expression in MIA model. CONCLUSION JMS-95E inhibited the inflammatory pathway leading to the production or expression levels of NO, iNOS, COX-2 and PGE2 in macrophage cells. In primary cultured rat chondrocytes iNOS and SW1353 MMP-13 expression were downregulated after JMS-95E treatment. For the in vivo study JMS-95E significantly reduced the paw volume of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema through each dose and significantly inhibited paw volume, counterweight the distribution of hind-paw weight bearing through the MIA model which means JMS-95E could promote recovery of the acute swelling and chondrocyte degradation of the ankle joints. The above results provided the multiple mechanism of JMS-95E in OA treatment of the scientific founding which supported the description of JMS in traditional use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yang Hsieh
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Ching-Chiung Wang
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Lemmuel L Tayo
- School of Chemical, Biological, Materials Engineering and Sciences, Mapúa University, Intramuros, Manila, 1002, Metro Manila, Philippines.
| | - Shun-Xin Deng
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Wei Tsai
- Department of Medical Science Industries, College of Health Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, 711, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Jung Lee
- Ph.D. Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
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Selenocoxib-3, a novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic effectively resolves colitis. Mol Cell Biochem 2023; 478:621-636. [PMID: 36001205 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04532-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic, chronic and relapsing colonic inflammatory disease. Despite the involvement of diverse intricate mechanisms, COX mediated inflammatory pathway is crucial in the pathophysiology of colitis. Thus, COX inhibition is imperative for managing colitis-associated inflammation. However, the use of COX inhibitory classical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for inflammation resolution has been linked to sudden increased flare-ups. Therefore, considering the anti-inflammatory and pro-resolution effects of antioxidant and essential trace element Selenium (Se), a Seleno-derivative of Celecoxib called Selenocoxib-3 was characterized and evaluated for its favourable pharmacokinetics, safety margins and anti-inflammatory therapeutic potential in DSS-induced experimental colitis. The serum pharmacokinetic profiling [elimination rate constant (K) and clearance (Cl) and toxicity profiling suggested enhanced efficacy, therapeutic potential and lesser toxicity of Selenocoxib-3 as compared to its parent NSAID Celecoxib. In vivo studies demonstrated that Selenocoxib-3 efficiently resolves the gross morphological signs of DSS-induced colitis such as diarrhoea, bloody stools, weight loss and colon shortening. Further, intestinal damage evaluated by H & E staining and MPO activity suggested of histopathological disruptions, such as neutrophil infiltration, mucodepletion and cryptitis, by Selenocoxib-3. The expression profiles of COX-1/2 demonstrated mitigation of pro-inflammatory mediators thereby promoting anti-inflammatory efficacy of Selenocoxib-3 when compared with Celecoxib. The current study suggests translational applicability of Se-containing novel class of COX inhibitors for efficiently managing inflammatory disorders such as UC.
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Schmied C. [Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Cardiovascular Risk]. PRAXIS 2023; 112:16-21. [PMID: 36597690 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Cardiovascular Risk Abstract. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are amongst the most frequently used drugs worldwide, although medically controlled prescription is missing most of the time. Beside well-known gastro-intestinal and renal side effects, the potentially increased cardiovascular risk under NSAIDs remains underestimated. Nonselective NSAIDs, but also selective COX-2 inhibitors may block and decrease prostacyclin, which itself physiologically would inhibit platelets and promote vasodilation. Furthermore, in selective COX-2 inhibitors a shift towards COX-1 activity may be observed, which further promotes platelet aggregation. Nonselective NSAIDs with a long half-life time are characterized by relatively stable plasma levels and thus a relatively stable platelet inhibition. Non-selective NSAIDs may additionally inhibit acetylsalicylic acid, which negatively affects its effect on platelet inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schmied
- Kardiologische Poliklinik, Universitäres Herzzentrum Zürich, Zürich, Schweiz
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Ren G, Zhang Q, Xia P, Wang J, Fang P, Jin X, Peng X, Xu Y, Zhang J, Zhao L. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Gentiopicroside Derivatives as Novel Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors with Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:919-935. [PMID: 36992901 PMCID: PMC10042259 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s398861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs cause a series of adverse reactions. Thus, the search for new cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitors have become the main direction of research on anti-inflammatory drugs. Gentiopicroside is a novel selective inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2 from Chinese herbal medicine. However, it is highly hydrophilic owing to the presence of the sugar fragment in its structure that reduces its oral bioavailability and limits efficacy. This study aimed to design and synthesize novel cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors by modifying gentiopicroside structure and reducing its polarity. Materials and Methods We introduced hydrophobic acyl chloride into the gentiopicroside structure to reduce its hydrophilicity and obtained some new derivatives. Their in vitro anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated against NO, TNF-α, PGE2, and IL-6 production in the mouse macrophage cell line RAW264.7 stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. The in vivo inhibitory activities were further tested against xylene-induced mouse ear swelling. Molecular docking predicted that whether new compounds could effectively bind to target protein cyclooxygenase-2. The inhibitory activity of new compounds to cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme were verified by the in vitro experiment. Results A total of 21 novel derivatives were synthesized, and exhibit lower polarities than the gentiopicroside. Most compounds have good in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. The in vivo activity results demonstrated that 8 compounds were more active than gentiopicroside. The inhibition rate of some compounds was higher than celecoxib. Molecular docking predicted that 6 compounds could bind to cyclooxygenase-2 and had high docking scores in accordance with their potency of the anti-inflammatory activity. The confirmatory experiment proved that these 6 compounds had significant inhibitory effect against cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme. Structure-activity relationship analysis presumed that the para-substitution with the electron-withdrawing groups may benefit the anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusion These gentiopicroside derivatives especially PL-2, PL-7 and PL-8 may represent a novel class of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors and could thus be developed as new anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojin Ren
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qili Zhang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-Constructed by Gansu Province & MOE of PRC, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Xia
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-Constructed by Gansu Province & MOE of PRC, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality of TCM of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology and Popularization, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Wang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengxia Fang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojie Jin
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuejing Peng
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-Constructed by Gansu Province & MOE of PRC, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality of TCM of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology and Popularization, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanli Xu
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-Constructed by Gansu Province & MOE of PRC, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality of TCM of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology and Popularization, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Northwest Collaborative Innovation Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-Constructed by Gansu Province & MOE of PRC, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Quality of TCM of the College of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Gansu Province Engineering Laboratory for TCM Standardization Technology and Popularization, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Lei Zhao; Jian Zhang, Email ;
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Chen Y, Chen M, Deng K. Blocking the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway to treat colorectal cancer: Strategies to improve current therapies (Review). Int J Oncol 2022; 62:24. [PMID: 36579676 PMCID: PMC9854240 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2022.5472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumor types occurring in the digestive system. The incidence of CRC has exhibits yearly increases and the mortality rate among patients with CRC is high. The Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, which is associated with carcinogenesis, is abnormally activated in CRC. Most patients with CRC have adenomatous polyposis coli mutations, while half of the remaining patients have β‑catenin gene mutations. Therefore, targeting the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway for the treatment of CRC is of clinical value. In recent years, with in‑depth research on the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway, inhibitors have been developed that are able to suppress or hinder the development and progression of CRC. In the present review, the role of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway in CRC is summarized, the research status on Wnt/β‑catenin pathway inhibitors is outlined and potential targets for inhibition of this pathway are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,The Laboratory of Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
| | - Mo Chen
- Department of Gerontology, Tibetan Chengdu Branch Hospital of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Department of Gerontology, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Professor Mo Chen, Department of Gerontology, Tibetan Chengdu Branch Hospital of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 20 Ximianqiao Cross Street, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Kai Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,The Laboratory of Sichuan University-Oxford University Huaxi Gastrointestinal Cancer Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Kai Deng, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Lane, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Stress-induced hyperalgesia instead of analgesia in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2022; 13:100110. [PMID: 36561877 PMCID: PMC9764253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2022.100110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) show impairments in their pain-modulatory capacity. Although stress plays an important role in chronic pain, it is not known if stress-induced analgesia (SIA) is affected in patients with CMP. We investigated SIA in 22 patients with CMP and 18 pain-free participants. Pain thresholds, pain tolerance and suprathreshold pain ratings were examined before and after a cognitive stressor that typically induces pain reduction (SIA). Whereas the controls displayed a significant increase in pain threshold in response to the stressor, the patients with CMP showed no analgesia. In addition, increased pain intensity ratings after the stressor indicated hyperalgesia (SIH) in the patients with CMP compared to controls. An exploratory analysis showed no significant association of SIA or SIH with spatial pain extent. We did not observe significant changes in pain tolerance or pain unpleasantness ratings after the stressor in patients with CMP or controls. Our data suggest that altered stress-induced pain modulation is an important mechanism involved in CMP. Future studies need to clarify the psychobiological mechanisms of these stress-induced alterations in pain processing and determine the role of contributing factors such as early childhood trauma, catastrophizing, comorbidity with mental disorders and genetic predisposition.
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Wei Y, Chen X, Wang T, Dong X, Zhu Z. Effects of Du Meridian Moxibustion Combined with Mild Moxibustion on Female Pelvic Floor Myofascial Pain Syndrome: A Retrospective Cohort Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:7388864. [PMID: 36425258 PMCID: PMC9681563 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7388864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion in the treatment of pelvic floor myofascial pain syndrome. METHODS A total of 80 women with pelvic floor myofascial pain syndrome (cold coagulation and blood stasis type) were included in this retrospective study and divided into a moxibustion group and a drug treatment group. Patients who received Celebrex oral analgesia, health education, and lifestyle improvement were included in the drug treatment group. The patients that received Du meridian moxibustion combined with mild moxibustion, health education, and lifestyle improvement were included in the moxibustion group. The comparison of pelvic pain, the TCM clinical symptom score, and the curative effect was made between the two groups before treatment and after 1-3 weeks of treatment, respectively. RESULTS An intragroup comparison showed a stepwise decrease in the VAS score and the TCM clinical symptom score of the two groups during the treatment. An intergroup comparison revealed that the VAS score of the moxibustion group was lower than that of the drug treatment group, while TCM clinical symptoms and clinical efficacy significantly improved in the moxibustion group compared to those in the drug treatment group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Du meridian moxibustion combined with mild moxibustion alleviates pelvic floor myofascial pain syndrome, thus helping improve women's quality of life and providing patients with a more effective and safer treatment plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehong Wei
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China
| | - Xufeng Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital, Hangzhou 310005, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China
| | - Xianna Dong
- TCM Nursing Clinic, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Urologic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310005, China
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Spence JD, Grosser T, FitzGerald GA. Acetaminophen, Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs, and Hypertension. Hypertension 2022; 79:1922-1926. [PMID: 35862146 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.19315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen is widely regarded as a safe therapy for pain and fever in patients with cardiovascular disease and those taking anticoagulants. However, recent studies report that acetaminophen, like most other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, increases blood pressure, and a formulation containing sodium increases cardiovascular risk. Those findings call into question guidelines recommending acetaminophen for patients with cardiovascular disease and pain, and those taking anticoagulants. We review evidence that acetaminophen has effects in common with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and its influence on coagulation via effects on vitamin K metabolism. Possible alternatives to acetaminophen for patients with pain are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J David Spence
- Stroke Prevention & Atherosclerosis Research Centre, Robarts Research Institute, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada (J.D.S.)
| | - Tilo Grosser
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (T.G., G.A.F.).,Department of Translational Pharmacology, Medical School EWL, Bielefeld University, Germany (T.G.)
| | - Garret A FitzGerald
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia (T.G., G.A.F.)
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Sardar A, Abid OUR, Daud S, Ali Shah B, Shahid W, Ashraf M, fatima M, ezzine S, Wadood A, Shareef A, Al-Ghulikah HA, Alissa SA. Identification of novel diclofenac acid and naproxen bearing hydrazones as 15-LOX inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, In vitro evaluation, cytotoxicity, and In silico studies. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.104300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Jin J, Yang QQ, Zhou YL. Non-Viral Delivery of Gene Therapy to the Tendon. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163338. [PMID: 36015594 PMCID: PMC9415435 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The tendon, as a compact connective tissue, is difficult to treat after an acute laceration or chronic degeneration. Gene-based therapy is a highly efficient strategy for diverse diseases which has been increasingly applied in tendons in recent years. As technology improves by leaps and bounds, a wide variety of non-viral vectors have been manufactured that attempt to have high biosecurity and transfection efficiency, considered to be a promising treatment modality. In this review, we examine the unwanted biological barriers, the categories of applicable genes, and the introduction and comparison of non-viral vectors. We focus on lipid-based nanoparticles and polymer-based nanoparticles, differentiating between them based on their combination with diverse chemical modifications and scaffolds.
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Xiao J, Zhang G, Mai J, He Q, Chen W, Li J, Ma Y, Pan Z, Yang J, Li S, Li M, Chen B, Wang H. Bioinformatics analysis combined with experimental validation to explore the mechanism of XianLing GuBao capsule against osteoarthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 294:115292. [PMID: 35447200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE XianLing GuBao Capsule (XLGB) is often used to treat osteoarthritis (OA), osteoporosis, fractures, and other musculoskeleton disorders. However, the molecular mechanism of XLGB for treating OA is still unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study set out to uncover the molecular mechanism underlying the treatment of osteoarthritis with XLGB. MATERIALS AND METHODS Disease genes were obtained from CTD, DisGeNET, and GeneCards databases, and XLGB drug targets were obtained from ETCM and target genes predicted by XLGB metabolic components reported in the literature. Then we used the Venn diagram viewer to extract disease and drug intersection genes as potential therapeutic genes for Protein-protein interaction (PPI), GO terminology, and KEGG pathway analysis. Subsequently, we performed qRT-PCR, Western blot and histological analysis to validate the therapeutic effect of XLGB against OA and its molecular mechanism. RESULTS A total of 1039 OA genes and 949 XLGB target genes were collected, and finally 188 potential therapeutic target genes were obtained. PPI network analysis indicated that the main target genes for XLGB to treat OA include Akt1, Mapk3, Il-6, Il-1β, Ptgs2, Mmp9, etc. The results of KEGG and GO enrichment analysis suggested that XLGB may treat OA by anti-inflammatory and reducing extracellular matrix degradation. In vitro, XLGB down-regulated the expressions of Mmp3, Mmp9, Mmp12, Mmp13, Cox-2, Il-6, increased the expression of Collagen II and Sox9. Mechanistically, XLGB inhibits the activation of PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and MAPK pathways. Moreover, the results of animal experiments indicated that XLGB reduced cartilage destruction, bone resorption, and synovitis in osteoarthritic rats. CONCLUSIONS XLGB has a protective effect against OA by suppressing PI3K/AKT/NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Our study provides a theoretical basis for XLGB in the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacong Xiao
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Gangyu Zhang
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Jiale Mai
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Qi He
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Weijian Chen
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Jianliang Li
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Yanhuai Ma
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Zhaofeng Pan
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Junzheng Yang
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Shaocong Li
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Miao Li
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Bohao Chen
- 1st School of Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China; The Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 12 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, 510405, PR China.
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Wang CC, Li YL, Chiu PY, Chen C, Chen HC, Chen FA. Protective effects of corni fructus extract in mice with potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia. J Vet Med Sci 2022; 84:1134-1141. [PMID: 35781421 PMCID: PMC9412062 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.21-0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Corni fructus is consumed as food and herbal medicine in Chinese culture. Studies have
revealed that corni fructus exhibits potent antioxidant activity; however, few studies
have investigated the ability of corni fructus to lower uric acid concentrations. In this
study, the xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibition and uric acid–lowering effect of corni fructus
extract (CFE) were evaluated in mice with potassium oxonate–induced hyperuricemia.
Hyperuricemia is a chronic disease prevalent worldwide and is associated with high
recurrence rates. In addition, drugs used to treat hyperuricemia induce side effects that
discourage patient compliance. Hyperuricemia induces metabolic imbalances resulting in
accumulative uric acid deposition in the joints and soft tissues. Hyperuricemia not only
induces gout but also interrupts hepatic and renal function, thereby trigging severe
inflammation and various complications, including obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver
disease, diabetes, and metabolic diseases. In this study, the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF)
of CFE resulted in yields of antioxidant photochemical components significantly higher
than those of CFEs formed using other substances. The EAF of CFE exhibited high free
radical scavenging activity and XO inhibition and effectively lowered uric acid
concentrations in the animal model of chemically induced hyperuricemia. The results of
this study can serve as a reference for the prevention of preclinical gout as well as for
functional food research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - You-Liang Li
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University
| | - Po-Yen Chiu
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University
| | - Chun Chen
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University
| | - Hung-Che Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University
| | - Fu-An Chen
- Department of Pharmacy and Master Program, Tajen University
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Blood-brain barrier leakage in Alzheimer's disease: From discovery to clinical relevance. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 234:108119. [PMID: 35108575 PMCID: PMC9107516 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. AD brain pathology starts decades before the onset of clinical symptoms. One early pathological hallmark is blood-brain barrier dysfunction characterized by barrier leakage and associated with cognitive decline. In this review, we summarize the existing literature on the extent and clinical relevance of barrier leakage in AD. First, we focus on AD animal models and their susceptibility to barrier leakage based on age and genetic background. Second, we re-examine barrier dysfunction in clinical and postmortem studies, summarize changes that lead to barrier leakage in patients and highlight the clinical relevance of barrier leakage in AD. Third, we summarize signaling mechanisms that link barrier leakage to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in AD. Finally, we discuss clinical relevance and potential therapeutic strategies and provide future perspectives on investigating barrier leakage in AD. Identifying mechanistic steps underlying barrier leakage has the potential to unravel new targets that can be used to develop novel therapeutic strategies to repair barrier leakage and slow cognitive decline in AD and AD-related dementias.
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Modulation of Inflammation by Plant-Derived Nutraceuticals in Tendinitis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102030. [PMID: 35631173 PMCID: PMC9143056 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendinitis (tendinopathy) is a pro-inflammatory and painful tendon disease commonly linked with mechanical overuse and associated injuries, drug abuse, and lifestyle factors (including poor diet and physical inactivity) that causes significant healthcare expenditures due to its high incidence. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is one of the major pro-inflammatory transcription factors, along with other inflammation signaling pathways, triggered by a variety of stimuli, including cytokines, endotoxins, physical and chemical stressors, hypoxia, and other pro-inflammatory factors. Their activation is known to regulate the expression of a multitude of genes involved in inflammation, degradation, and cell death. The pathogenesis of tendinitis is still poorly understood, whereas efficient and sustainable treatment is missing. Targeting drug suppression of the key inflammatory regulators represents an effective strategy for tendinitis therapy, but requires a comprehensive understanding of their principles of action. Conventional monotherapies are often ineffective and associated with severe side effects in patients. Therefore, agents that modulate multiple cellular targets represent therapeutic treatment potential. Plant-derived nutraceuticals have been shown to act as multi-targeting agents against tendinitis via various anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms, whereat they were able to specifically modulate numerous signaling pathways, including NF-κB, p38/MAPK, JNK/STAT3, and PI3K/Akt, thus down-regulating inflammatory processes. This review discusses the utility of herbal nutraceuticals that have demonstrated safety and tolerability as anti-inflammatory agents for the prevention and treatment of tendinitis through the suppression of catabolic signaling pathways. Limitations associated with the use of nutraceuticals are also described.
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Iyer MR, Kundu B, Wood CM. Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors: an overview and patent review from the last decade. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2022; 32:629-647. [PMID: 35410559 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2022.2054329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biological effects mediated by the CYP450 arm of arachidonate cascade implicate the enzyme-soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) in hydrolyzing anti-inflammatory epoxy fatty acids to pro-inflammatory diols. Hence, inhibiting the sEH offers a therapeutic approach to treating inflammatory diseases. Over three decades of work has shown the role of sEH inhibitors (sEHis) in treating various disorders in rodents and larger veterinary subjects. Novel chemical strategies to enhance the efficacy of sEHi have now appeared. AREAS COVERED A comprehensive review of patent literature related to soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors in the last decade (2010-2021) is provided. EXPERT OPINION Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is an important enzyme that metabolizes the bioactive epoxy fatty acids (EFAs) in the arachidonic acid signaling pathway and converts them to vicinal diols, which appear to be pro-inflammatory. Inhibition of sEH hence offers a mechanism to increase in vivo epoxyeicosanoid levels and resolve pro-inflammatory pathways in disease states. Significant efforts in the field have led to potent single target as well as multi-target inhibitors with promising in vitro and widely encompassing in vivo activities. Successful clinical translation of compounds targeting sEH inhibition will further validate the promised therapeutic potential of this pathway in treating human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malliga R Iyer
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States
| | - Biswajit Kundu
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States
| | - Casey M Wood
- Section on Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States
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Luan M, Xu Y, Zhang X, Li D, Yan M, Hou G, Meng Q, Zhao F, Zhao F. Design and synthesis of novel aza-ursolic acid derivatives: in vitro cytotoxicity and nitric oxide release inhibitory activity. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:535-555. [PMID: 35286228 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2021-0319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is a validated target for anti-inflammatory treatment. Based on the authors' previous work, novel aza-ursolic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized and their inhibitory activities against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) release from RAW264.7 cells was evaluated. Materials & results: 16 novel derivatives were screened for their in vitro inhibitory activity against NO release using Griess assays and the cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assays. The presence of furoxan joined to the A-ring of ursolic acid and N-methylpiperazine groups in the lead compound was identified for anti-inflammatory activity, and compound 21b showed 94.96% inhibition of NO release at 100 μM with an IC50 value of 8.58 μM. Conclusion: Compound 21b has potential anti-inflammatory activity with low cytotoxicity that warrants further preclinical study and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Luan
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology & Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System & Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Yaoyao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology & Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System & Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology & Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System & Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Dalei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology & Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System & Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Mengjun Yan
- Yantai Raphael Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Yantai, 264043, PR China
| | - Guige Hou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Qingguo Meng
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology & Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System & Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Feng Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology & Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System & Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
| | - Fenglan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology & Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System & Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, PR China
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Design, synthesis, in vitro and in silico studies of naproxen derivatives as dual lipoxygenase and α-glucosidase inhibitors. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2022.101468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Moreno Ríos AL, Gutierrez-Suarez K, Carmona Z, Ramos CG, Silva Oliveira LF. Pharmaceuticals as emerging pollutants: Case naproxen an overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132822. [PMID: 34767851 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including naproxen (NP), diclofenac, ibuprofen, etc., are widely used for fever and pain relief. NP is one of the most widely consumed drugs in the world, because it is available over the counter in many countries. Many studies have proven that NP is not eliminated in conventional water treatment processes and its biodegradation in the environment is also difficult compared to other drugs. Along these lines, we are aware that both the original compound and its metabolites can be found in different destinations in the environment. To assess the environmental exposure and the risks associated with NP, it is important to understand better the environment where they finally reach, the behavior of its original compounds, its metabolites, and its transformation products. In this sense, the purpose of this review is to summarize the current state of knowledge about the introduction and behavior of NP in the environments they reach and highlight research needs and gaps. Likewise, we present the sources, environmental destinations, toxicology, environmental effects, and quantification methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Liliana Moreno Ríos
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Karol Gutierrez-Suarez
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
| | - Zenen Carmona
- Faculty of Medicine, Campus of Zaragocilla, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Claudete Gindri Ramos
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
| | - Luis Felipe Silva Oliveira
- Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia
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You M, Wang K, Pan Y, Tao L, Ma Q, Zhang G, Hu F. Combined royal jelly 10-hydroxydecanoic acid and aspirin has a synergistic effect against memory deficit and neuroinflammation. Food Funct 2022; 13:2336-2353. [PMID: 35142767 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02397g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of neurodegenerative dementia among the older population, is associated with acute or chronic inflammation. As a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, aspirin has recently been widely studied in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. However, there is a controversy about the efficacy as well as the adverse effects of aspirin. 10-Hydroxydecanoic acid (10-HDAA) is a characteristic fatty acid found in the honey bee product royal jelly. In this study, we found that 10-HDAA attenuated the activation of the NF-κB pathway, then targeted Ptgs-1/2, the well-known target of aspirin. Hence, combined therapy of 10-HDAA and aspirin was conducted. In vitro assays suggested that this combinatory group alleviated LPS-induced inflammation in BV-2 cells, as assessed by the downregulation of nitric oxide, COX-2, and IL-6 compared to 10-HDAA or aspirin treatment alone. In vivo assays showed that the combined treatment synergistically inhibited the overactivation of glial cells and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. Moreover, 10-HDAA alleviated the adverse effects of aspirin on gastrointestinal injuries and microbiota dysbiosis. The Morris water maze test indicated that neither 10-HDAA nor aspirin effectively improved LPS-induced memory dysfunction, but the combined therapy showed synergistic effects. Altogether, our findings support 10-HDAA and aspirin combinatory therapy as the basis for future therapeutics for AD and other neuroinflammation-related diseases with minimal adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng You
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. .,School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kangli Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yongming Pan
- Experimental Animal Research Center, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingchen Tao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Quanxin Ma
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Guozhi Zhang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fuliang Hu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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A Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Treatment of Endometrial Hyperplasia via Regulating the HPO Axis in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5200608. [PMID: 35154346 PMCID: PMC8828340 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5200608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding, accompanied by endometrial hyperplasia (EH), is a common gynecological disease that seriously affects female physical and mental health. Some drugs have been prompted to cure the disease, but most medications have certain side effects and limitations. In the present study, we demonstrated an unexploited Chinese traditional medicine, a combination of Saururus chinensis, Celosia cristata, and Spatholobus suberectus (SCS), which could be used for the treatment of EH and associated complications in rats. We identified the active components from the three Chinese herbs via thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography methods. In addition, serum biochemical indexes and histologic section results found that acute high-dose SCS exerted no adverse impacts on the rats. We then showed that SCS shortened coagulation time (p=0.018) and degree of swelling (p=0.021) on rats at 30 min compared to blank control. Further studies proved that recovered endometrial thickness was associated with the modulation of four hormones (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, estrogen, and progesterone). Specifically, follicle-stimulating hormone and progesterone contents increased gradually with time, and estrogen was decreased, whereas luteinizing hormone content was returned to normal after a short-term elevation (p < 0.05). Besides, SCS increased uterine endometrium's mRNA expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (p < 0.001) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (p < 0.001), promoting the repair of proliferating endometrium in the rats. Collectively, our study indicates that SCS harbors a profoundly curative effect on the treatment of EH and relative complications and uncovers the mechanism at molecular and gene expression levels.
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Abdelsayed N, Frost M, Betz WR. Acute Isolated Thrombocytopenia Secondary to Meloxicam Use: A Case Report. Cureus 2022; 14:e21232. [PMID: 35174032 PMCID: PMC8841019 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.21232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Liu CY, Tu JF, Lee MS, Qi LY, Yu FT, Yan SY, Li JL, Lin LL, Hao XW, Su XT, Yang JW, Wang LQ. Is acupuncture effective for knee osteoarthritis? A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052270. [PMID: 35017242 PMCID: PMC8753400 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the leading causes of disability. The effectiveness of acupuncture for treating KOA remains controversial. This protocol describes the method of a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for treating KOA. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Four English databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library databases and Web of Science) and four Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, and Wanfang) will be searched from the database inception to 1 September 2021. All randomised controlled trials related to acupuncture for KOA will be included. Extracted data will include publication details, basic information, demographic data, intervention details and patient outcomes. The primary outcome will be pain intensity. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. Article selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment will be performed in duplicate by two independent reviewers. If the meta-analysis is precluded, we will conduct a descriptive synthesis using a best-evidence synthesis approach. The strength of recommendations and quality of evidence will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation working group methodology. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethics approval is not required because individual patient data are not included. This protocol was registered in the international Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews on 25 February 2021. The systematic review and meta-analysis will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings will also be disseminated through conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021232177.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Yang Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Feng Tu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Myeong Soo Lee
- KM Science Research division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejon, South Korea
| | - Ling-Yu Qi
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Fang-Ting Yu
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shi-Yan Yan
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Ling Li
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lu-Lu Lin
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Wan Hao
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Tong Su
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Wen Yang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Qiong Wang
- School of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Sun Y, Wang Z, Wang C, Tang Z, Zhao H. Psycho-cardiology therapeutic effects of Shuangxinfang in rats with depression-behavior post acute myocardial infarction: Focus on protein S100A9 from proteomics. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 144:112303. [PMID: 34673424 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depressive disorders induced by acute myocardial infarction (AMI) play a pivotal role in the deterioration of cardiac function, and Shuangxinfang (Psycho-cardiology Formula, PCF) was reported to alleviate heart function damage and improve depression-like behavior, but the complex mechanism in such process has not been clarified. METHODS AMI models were established and PCF was administered in rats. Subjects were then assessed in open field test (OFT) and forced swimming test (FST) recapitulating symptoms of depressive disorder. Afterward, pharmacoproteomic profiling of the hippocampus and peri-infarct border zone (BZ) was performed using a label-free liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) technique, to identify contributing proteins and pathways responsible for myocardial ischemia and behavioral allostasis. Bioinformatics analysis was processed for further investigation, while western blotting was employed for testing dominating proteins to validate proteomic results. RESULTS Rats in the AMI group showed depression-like behavior in OFT and FST, which was improved by PCF. There were 131 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in BZ and 64 proteins in the hippocampus being detected and quantified shared by the sham group, the AMI group, and the PCF group. Subsequently, pertinent pathways and molecular functions were further identified. Altered molecules were discovered to be enriched in the apoptotic process, innate immune response, and NF-κB transcription factor activity in BZ, as well as chemical synaptic transmission, axon, collagen binding, cell adhesion, response to carbohydrate, laminin binding, and cellular response to nitric oxide in the hippocampus. Groups of signal transducers were also able to select multiple pathways, including innate immunity and arginine biosynthesis in the heart, also integrin signaling in the brain. DEPs were intersected from the myocardium and hippocampus to screen out the protein S100A9, which was up-regulated in the AMI group compared with the sham, and showed a down-regulation trend after treatment with PCF. CONCLUSION Taken together, we present a comprehensive proteomics analysis of rat models with depression post-AMI. Reviewing the literatures concerned, it's hypothesized that macrophage/microglia inflammation mediated by S100A9 might be the pivotal pathogenic process of psycho-cardiology disease, as well as potential mechanisms for the treatment of PCF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Sun
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zheyi Wang
- Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chunguo Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhuoran Tang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haibin Zhao
- The DongFang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100078, China.
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An Investigation into the Interaction between Double Hydroxide-Based Antioxidant Benzophenone Derivatives and Cyclooxygenase 2. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216622. [PMID: 34771031 PMCID: PMC8587043 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclooxygenases 2 (COX2) is a therapeutic target for many inflammation and oxidative stress associated diseases. A high-throughput technique, biolayer interferometry, was performed to primarily screen the potential COX2 binding activities of twelve newly synthesized double hydroxide-based benzophenone derivatives. Binding confirmation was achieved by molecular docking and multi-spectroscopy studies. Such a combined method provided a comprehensive understanding of binding mechanism and conformational changes. Compounds DB2, SC2 and YB2 showed effective COX2 binding activity and underlined the benefits of three phenolic hydroxyl groups adjacent to each other on the B ring. The twelve tested derivatives were further evaluated for antioxidant activity, wherein compound SC2 showed the highest activity. Its concentration for the 50% of maximal effect (EC50) value was approximately 1000 times greater than that of the positive controls. SC2 treatment effectively improved biochemical indicators caused by oxidative stress. Overall, compound SC2 could serve as a promising candidate for further development of a new potent COX2 inhibitor.
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Metabolomic Studies for Metabolic Alterations Induced by Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Mini Review. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11101456. [PMID: 34680089 PMCID: PMC8533408 DOI: 10.3390/biom11101456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic drugs to mitigate pain, however it is associated with gastrointestinal injury and cardiovascular disease in some individuals. Metabolomics has the potential to understand the interaction of host and the drugs, such as NSAIDs administration. This discipline has been used by many researchers to understand the serious side effects of NSAIDs. We highlighted (1) the potential of metabolomics in understanding the pathogenesis of adverse events due to NSAIDs administration; (2) choice of metabolomics techniques, bio sample handling; (3) review of metabolomics studies in the front of NSAIDs in different biofluids and tissues; (4) pathway analysis of the data presented in the published literature. In our analysis we find tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), "glycine serine and threonine metabolism," "alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism," and fatty acid metabolism to be altered by the NSAIDs like ibuprofen, indomethacin, naproxen, aspirin, and celecoxib. In conclusion, metabolomics allows the use of biological samples to identify useful pathways involved in disease progression, and subsequently inform a greater understanding of the disease pathogenesis. A further in-depth investigation of the associated pathways mentioned above holds the potential for drug targets for side effects mitigation.
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