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Al-Gholam MAS, Hathout HMR, Safwat MM, Essawy AS. Sage ( Salvia officinalis) alleviates trazadone induced rat cardiotoxicity mediated via modulation of autophagy and oxidative stress. Anat Cell Biol 2024; 57:256-270. [PMID: 38472741 PMCID: PMC11184420 DOI: 10.5115/acb.23.247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The antidepressant drug trazodone (TRZ) is commonly used for treating depression, anxiety, and insomnia, however, it causes cardiotoxicity, which is one of its limitations. The objective of this work was to investigate the impact of sage (Salvia officinalis) in rats against cardiotoxicity induced by TRZ and to investigate the mechanisms involved in its cardio-protective properties through autophagy and oxidative stress. Fifty male albino rats were split randomly into five experimental groups: control group, sage oil group (100 mg/kg), TRZ group (20 mg/kg), protective group, and curative group. Cardiac function biomarkers (aspartate aminotransferase [AST], creatine kinase-MB [CK-MB], and cardiac troponin T [cTnI]) were assessed in serum. Oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers in cardiac tissue (total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, and tumor necrosis factor-α) were evaluated. Heart tissues were subjected to histological, immunohistochemical, and ultrastructural evaluations. DNA damage also evaluated. Significant rise in the levels of AST, CK-MB, and cTnI were observed with enhanced autophagy along with marked histopathological changes in the form of interrupted muscle fibers with wide interstitial spaces with areas of hemorrhage and extravasated blood and interstitial mononuclear cellular infiltration in TRZ group. DNA damage was also significantly increased in TRZ group. However, administration of sage in both protective and curative groups show marked improvement of the cardiac alterations. In conclusion, sage ameliorated the alterations in the heart induced by trazadone through modulation of autophagy and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marwa Mohamed Safwat
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Saeed Essawy
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
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Deka P, Das S, Hazarika R, Kayaga R, Dutta B, Deka A, Barman U, Ahmed R, Islam N, Sarma M, Deka I, Rout M, Sharma K, Sharma RK. Foot-and-mouth disease-associated myocarditis is age dependent in suckling calves. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10289. [PMID: 38704437 PMCID: PMC11069542 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Myocarditis is considered a fatal form of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in suckling calves. In the present study, a total of 17 calves under 4 months of age and suspected clinically for FMD were examined for clinical lesions, respiratory rate, heart rate, and heart rhythm. Lesion samples, saliva, nasal swabs, and whole blood were collected from suspected calves and subjected to Sandwich ELISA and reverse transcription multiplex polymerase chain reaction (RT-mPCR) for detection and serotyping of FMD virus (FMDV). The samples were found to be positive for FMDV serotype "O". Myocarditis was suspected in 6 calves based on tachypnoea, tachycardia, and gallop rhythm. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cardiac troponins (cTnI) were measured. Mean serum AST, cTn-I and LDH were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in < 2 months old FMD-infected calves showing clinical signs suggestive of myocarditis (264.833 ± 4.16; 11.650 ± 0.34 and 1213.33 ± 29.06) than those without myocarditis (< 2 months old: 110.00 ± 0.00, 0.06 ± 0.00, 1050.00 ± 0.00; > 2 months < 4 months: 83.00 ± 3.00, 0.05 ± 0.02, 1159.00 ± 27.63) and healthy control groups (< 2 months old: 67.50 ± 3.10, 0.047 ± 0.01, 1120.00 ± 31.62; > 2 months < 4 months: 72.83 ± 2.09, 0.47 ± 0.00, 1160.00 ± 18.44). However, mean serum CK-MB did not differ significantly amongst the groups. Four calves under 2 months old died and a necropsy revealed the presence of a pathognomic gross lesion of the myocardial form of FMD known as "tigroid heart". Histopathology confirmed myocarditis. This study also reports the relevance of clinical and histopathological findings and biochemical markers in diagnosing FMD-related myocarditis in suckling calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Deka
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India.
| | - Sangeeta Das
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India.
| | - Ritam Hazarika
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Ray Kayaga
- Tanzania Veterinary Laboratory Agency, 131 Barabara Ya Nelson Mandela, P.O BOX 9254, Temeke, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Biswajit Dutta
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Abhijit Deka
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Utpal Barman
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Rofique Ahmed
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Nazrul Islam
- Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, 243122, India
| | - Mihir Sarma
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Ilakshy Deka
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kamrup, Assam Agricultural University, Kahikuchi Campus, Guwahati, 781017, India
| | - Manoranjan Rout
- ICAR-Directorate of Foot-and-Mouth Disease, International Centre for FMD, Bhubaneswar, Khordha, Odisha, 752050, India
| | - Krishna Sharma
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
| | - Rajeev K Sharma
- College of Veterinary Science, Assam Agricultural University, Khanapara, Guwahati, Assam, 781022, India
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Fritz SA, Hall JO. Ionophores. Vet Clin North Am Equine Pract 2024; 40:161-166. [PMID: 37696707 DOI: 10.1016/j.cveq.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionophores are a class of polyether antibiotics that are commonly used as anticoccidial agents and growth promotants in ruminant diets. Ionophores transport ions across lipid membranes and down concentration gradients, which results in mitochondrial destruction, reduced cellular energy production, and ultimately cell death. Cardiomyocytes are the primary target in equine patients when exposed to toxic concentrations and the clinical disease syndrome is related to myocardial damage. Animals can survive acute exposures but can have permanent heart damage that may result in acute death at future time points. Animals that survive a poisoning incident may live productive breeding lives, but physical performance can be greatly impacted. Animals with myocardial damage are at risk of sudden death and pose a risk to riders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Fritz
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 1620 Denison Avenue, 228 Coles Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Jeffery O Hall
- Cattle Technical Services, Huvepharma Inc., 525 Westpark Dr, Suite 230, Peachtree City, GA 30269, USA
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Torabizadeh C, Iloonkashkooli R, Haghshenas H, Fararouei M. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Complications in Coronavirus Disease 2019 adult Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2023; 48:243-267. [PMID: 37791325 PMCID: PMC10542931 DOI: 10.30476/ijms.2022.93701.2504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Background It has been found that the new coronavirus can affect various parts of the cardiovascular system. Cardiovascular complications caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are often serious and can increase the mortality rate among infected patients. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 adult patients. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies published in English were conducted between December 2019 and February 2021. A complete search was performed in PubMed (PubMed Central and MEDLINE), Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Science Direct, Ovid, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and WILEY, as well as BioRXiv, MedRXiv, and gray literature. A random effect model was used to examine the prevalence of cardiovascular complications among COVID-19 patients. The I2 test was used to measure heterogeneity across the included studies. Results A total of 74 studies involving 34,379 COVID-19 patients were included for meta-analysis. The mean age of the participants was 61.30±14.75 years. The overall pooled prevalence of cardiovascular complications was 23.45%. The most prevalent complications were acute myocardial injury (AMI) (19.38%, 95% CI=13.62-26.81, test for heterogeneity I2=97.5%, P<0.001), arrhythmia (11.16%, 95% CI=8.23-14.96, test for heterogeneity I2=91.5%, P<0.001), heart failure (HF) (7.56%, 95% CI=4.50-12.45, test for heterogeneity I2=96.3%, P<0.001), and cardiomyopathy (2.78%, 95% CI=0.34-9.68). The highest pooled prevalence of cardiac enzymes was lactate dehydrogenase (61.45%), troponin (23.10%), and creatine kinase-myocardial band or creatine kinase (14.52%). Conclusion The high prevalence of serious cardiovascular complications in COVID-19 patients (AMI, arrhythmia, and HF) necessitates increased awareness by healthcare administrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camellia Torabizadeh
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Hajar Haghshenas
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Fararouei
- HIV/AIDs Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Argenta FF, Slaviero M, de Mello LS, Echenique JVZ, Zorzan AA, Cony FG, Bandinelli MB, de Castro MB, Pavarini SP, Driemeier D, Sonne L. Pathological Aspects and Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Troponin C in the Cardiovascular System of Dogs with Pheochromocytoma. Top Companion Anim Med 2023; 53-54:100777. [PMID: 37030618 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcam.2023.100777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Functional pheochromocytomas secrete catecholamines and have been associated with cardiovascular lesions in dogs. This study aimed to describe the post-mortem pathological findings in the cardiovascular system of dogs with pheochromocytoma and to evaluate the expression of cardiac troponin C in these dogs using immunohistochemical analysis. Twelve cases were identified, with a mean age of 10.6 years. The heart of all dogs was enlarged and with concentric hypertrophy of the left ventricular myocardium. Histological analysis showed cardiomyocyte necrosis and degeneration in the myocardium, with frequent bands of contraction, fibrosis, inflammation, and thickening of the medium-calibre arteries in the myocardium. There was a marked decrease or absence of immunolabeling in necrotic cardiomyocytes. We conclude that IHC for troponin C can be a useful tool for detecting myocardial necrosis in dogs with pheochromocytomas, including early cases of necrosis with only incipient cardiac changes where overt histologic abnormalities are not immediately apparent in the cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando F Argenta
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Mônica Slaviero
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Lauren S de Mello
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Joanna V Z Echenique
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexia A Zorzan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda G Cony
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcele B Bandinelli
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcio B de Castro
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Saulo P Pavarini
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luciana Sonne
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Octavius GS, Wijaya JH, Tan AO, Muljono MP, Chandra S, Juliansen A. Autopsy findings of pediatric COVID-19: a systematic review. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES 2022; 12:32. [PMID: 35855892 PMCID: PMC9281196 DOI: 10.1186/s41935-022-00288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Little is known how COVID-19 is affecting children. Autopsies help gain an understanding of the pathophysiology of new and developing diseases. Numerous post-mortem studies had been conducted in adults with COVID-19, but few in children. Thereby, this systematic review aims to investigate the autopsy findings from pediatric COVID-19 patients. Results There were a total of 15 patients from eight studies. COVID-19 mainly affects the heart and lungs. Pathology findings from the heart of COVID-19 pediatric patients include diffuse inflammatory infiltrate, myocarditis, cardiomyocyte necrosis, pericarditis, and interstitial edema. Histopathology abnormalities observed in the lungs are diffuse alveolar damage, cytopathic changes, thrombi in arterioles and septal capillaries, lung congestion, focal acute hemorrhage and edema, focal exudative changes, and mild pneumocyte hyperplasia. In addition, pathological findings from other organs, such as the liver, kidney, brain, bone marrow, lymph node, skin, spleen, muscle, colon, parotid gland, and adrenal of COVID-19 pediatric patients are also included in this review. Conclusion Cardiomyocyte necrosis, interstitial edema, lung congestion, and diffuse alveolar damage are the most significant pathologic findings of the heart and lung in pediatric COVID-19 patients. More studies are needed to elucidate the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 in autopsy findings and to determine the exact cause of death since it could be related to COVID-19 or other comorbidities.
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Qi Y, Xu H, Li X, Zhao X, Li Y, Zhou X, Chen S, Shen N, Chen R, Li Y, Sun Z, Guo C. Silica nanoparticles induce cardiac injury and dysfunction via ROS/Ca 2+/CaMKII signaling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155733. [PMID: 35526619 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Interest is growing to better comprehend the interaction of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) with the cardiovascular system. In particular, the extremely small size, relatively large surface area and associated unique properties may greatly enhance its toxic potentials compared to larger-sized counterparts. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms still need to be evaluated. In this context, the cardiotoxicity of nano-scale (Si-60; particle diameter about 60 nm) and submicro-scale silica particles (Si-300; 300 nm) were examined in ApoE-/- mice via intratracheal instillation, 6.0 mg/kg·bw, once per week for 12 times. The echocardiography showed that the sub-chronic exposure of Si-60 declined cardiac output (CO) and stroke volume (SV), shorten LVIDd and LVIDs, and thickened LVAWs of ApoE-/- mice in compared to the control and Si-300 groups. Histological investigations manifested Si-60 enhanced inflammatory infiltration, myocardial fiber arrangement disorder, hypertrophy and fibrosis in the cardiac tissue, as well as mitochondrial ultrastructural injury. Accordingly, the serum cTnT, cTnI and ANP were significantly elevated by Si-60, as well as cardiac ANP content. In particular, Si-60 greatly increased cardiac ROS, Ca2+ levels and CaMKII activation in comparison with Si-300. Further, in vitro investigations revealed silica particles induced a dose- and size-dependent activation of oxidative stress, mitochondrial membrane permeabilization, intracellular Ca2+ overload, CaMKII signaling activation and ensuing myocardial apoptosis in human cardiomyocytes (AC16). Mechanistic analyses revealed SiNPs induced myocardial apoptosis via ROS/Ca2+/CaMKII signaling, which may contribute to the abnormalities in cardiac structure and function in vivo. In summary, our research revealed SiNPs caused myocardial impairments, dysfunction and even structural remodeling via ROS/Ca2+/CaMKII signaling. Of note, a size-dependent myocardial toxicity was noticed, that is, Si-60 greater than Si-300.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qi
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Hailin Xu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xueyan Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xinying Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xianqing Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Ning Shen
- Nantong Fourth People's Hospital, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Nantong Mental Health Centre, Nantong 226005, China; China Exposomics Institute (CEI) Precision Medicine Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Yanbo Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Caixia Guo
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
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Sorodoc V, Sirbu O, Lionte C, Haliga RE, Stoica A, Ceasovschih A, Petris OR, Constantin M, Costache II, Petris AO, Morariu PC, Sorodoc L. The Value of Troponin as a Biomarker of Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12081183. [PMID: 36013362 PMCID: PMC9410123 DOI: 10.3390/life12081183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In cancer survivors, cardiac dysfunction is the main cause of mortality. Cardiotoxicity represents a decline in cardiac function associated with cancer therapy, and the risk factors include smoking, dyslipidemia, an age of over 60 years, obesity, and a history of coronary artery disease, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, or heart failure. Troponin is a biomarker that is widely used in the detection of acute coronary syndromes. It has a high specificity, although it is not exclusively associated with myocardial ischemia. The aim of this paper is to summarize published studies and to establish the role of troponin assays in the diagnosis of cardiotoxicity associated with various chemotherapeutic agents. Troponin has been shown to be a significant biomarker in the diagnosis of the cardiac dysfunction associated with several types of chemotherapeutic drugs: anthracyclines, anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 treatment, and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy. Based on the data available at this moment, troponin is useful for baseline risk assessment, the diagnosis of cardiotoxicity, and as a guide for the initiation of cardioprotective treatment. There are currently clear regulations regarding the timing of troponin surveillance depending on the patient’s risk of cardiotoxicity and the type of medication administered, but data on the cut-off values of this biomarker are still under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victorita Sorodoc
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
| | - Oana Sirbu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Catalina Lionte
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
- Correspondence: (O.S.); (C.L.)
| | - Raluca Ecaterina Haliga
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
| | - Alexandra Stoica
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
| | - Alexandr Ceasovschih
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
| | - Ovidiu Rusalim Petris
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
| | - Mihai Constantin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
| | - Irina Iuliana Costache
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Antoniu Octavian Petris
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Paula Cristina Morariu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
| | - Laurentiu Sorodoc
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Emergency Hospital Sfântul Spiridon, 700111 Iasi, Romania; (V.S.); (R.E.H.); (A.S.); (A.C.); (O.R.P.); (M.C.); (P.C.M.); (L.S.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.I.C.); (A.O.P.)
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Mousa AM, Soliman KEA, Alhumaydhi FA, Almatroudi A, Allemailem KS, Alsahli MA, Alrumaihi F, Aljasir M, Alwashmi ASS, Ahmed AA, Khan A, Al-Regaiey KA, AlSuhaymi N, Alsugoor MH, Aljarbou WA, Elsayed AM. Could allicin alleviate trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat model through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antihyperlipidemic properties? Life Sci 2022; 302:120656. [PMID: 35605695 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Although trastuzumab (TZB)-induced cardiotoxicity is well documented and allicin (one of the main active garlic ingredients) has ameliorating effects against numerous causes of toxicities; however, the influence of allicin on TZB-induced cardiotoxicity has not been investigated yet. Therefore, the current work explored the potential cardioprotective structural, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of allicin against TZB-induced cardiotoxicity in a rat's model. METHODS Forty rats were divided into four equal groups and treated for five weeks. The control group (G1) received PBS, the allicin group (G2) received allicin (9 mg/kg/day), the TZB group (G3) received TZB (6 mg/kg/week), and the allicin+TZB group (G4) received 9 mg of allicin/kg/day +6 mg of TZB/kg/week. Heart specimens and blood samples were processed for histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular investigations to determine the extent of cardiac injury in all groups. KEY FINDINGS The myocardium of G3 revealed significant increases in the numbers of inflammatory and apoptotic cells and the area percentage of collagen fibers and TNF-α immunoexpression compared with G1 and G2. Besides, qRT-PCR analysis exhibited significant reductions of SOD3, GPX1, and CAT expressions with significant increases in TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, cTnI, cTnT, and LDH expressions. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis demonstrated a significant elevation in the apoptotic and ROS levels. In contrast, allicin+TZB cotherapy in G4 ameliorated all previous changes compared with G3. SIGNIFICANCE The current study proves that allicin could be used as a novel supplementary cardioprotective therapy to avoid TZB-induced cardiotoxicity via its anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic, and antiapoptotic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M Mousa
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
| | - Khaled E A Soliman
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah 51452, Saudi Arabia; Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag 82524, Egypt.
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmad Almatroudi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Khaled S Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammed A Alsahli
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mohammad Aljasir
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ameen S S Alwashmi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ahmed A Ahmed
- Research Center, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Arif Khan
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid A Al-Regaiey
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Naif AlSuhaymi
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mahdi H Alsugoor
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, Faculty of Health Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, AlQunfudah, Makkah 21912, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | - Abulmaaty M Elsayed
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Mutah, Jordan; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13518, Egypt.
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10
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Cunha IM, Lessa DA, Carvalho VA, Alencar NX, Teixeira AL, Chenard MG, Souza GN, Helayel MJ. Electrocardiographic, echocardiographic and heart biomarker parameters in sheep experimentally poisoned by Palicourea marcgravii (Rubiaceae). PESQUISA VETERINÁRIA BRASILEIRA 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-7097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to identify and describe cardiac alterations in sheep experimentally poisoned with Palicourea marcgravii through analysis of serum cardiac biomarkers (serum troponin I and creatine kinase - CK-MB) and electro and echocardiographic assessments to contribute to a better understanding of the poisoning pathophysiology. P. marcgravii is the main plant within a group of 22 species that cause sudden death in Brazil; its toxic principle is sodium monofluoroacetate. Eight healthy crossbreed male sheep, aged between five and twelve months, weighing 14 to 27kg, were evaluated. The animals received 1g kg-1 of P. marcgravii plants orally. The sheep were evaluated before administering the plant (T0) through electro and echocardiography and blood collection to assess cardiac biomarkers (CK-MB and cTnI). Collections and analyses were repeated every four hours until the animal’s death. During the study, there was the presence of extravasation of serum troponin I carried out in a qualitative test, with positive values at time T4, and the serum CK-MB biomarker had a peak at T4 and slightly decreased at T8. The electro and echocardiographic examinations showed that the cause of death in these animals was due to acute heart failure characterized by arrhythmias, tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation, drop in cardiac output, left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction by the progressive decrease in the LV ejection fraction (EF), decrease in LV fractional shortening (FS), and decrease in aortic flow velocity and aortic flow gradient. This study seems to be the first to evaluate cardiac alterations in sheep poisoned by P. marcgravii through cardiac biomarkers and electro and echocardiographic exams.
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11
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Schofield AL, Brown JP, Brown J, Wilczynska A, Bell C, Glaab WE, Hackl M, Howell L, Lee S, Dear JW, Remes M, Reeves P, Zhang E, Allmer J, Norris A, Falciani F, Takeshita LY, Seyed Forootan S, Sutton R, Park BK, Goldring C. Systems analysis of miRNA biomarkers to inform drug safety. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:3475-3495. [PMID: 34510227 PMCID: PMC8492583 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03150-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are short non-coding RNA molecules which have been shown to be dysregulated and released into the extracellular milieu as a result of many drug and non-drug-induced pathologies in different organ systems. Consequently, circulating miRs have been proposed as useful biomarkers of many disease states, including drug-induced tissue injury. miRs have shown potential to support or even replace the existing traditional biomarkers of drug-induced toxicity in terms of sensitivity and specificity, and there is some evidence for their improved diagnostic and prognostic value. However, several pre-analytical and analytical challenges, mainly associated with assay standardization, require solutions before circulating miRs can be successfully translated into the clinic. This review will consider the value and potential for the use of circulating miRs in drug-safety assessment and describe a systems approach to the analysis of the miRNAome in the discovery setting, as well as highlighting standardization issues that at this stage prevent their clinical use as biomarkers. Highlighting these challenges will hopefully drive future research into finding appropriate solutions, and eventually circulating miRs may be translated to the clinic where their undoubted biomarker potential can be used to benefit patients in rapid, easy to use, point-of-care test systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Schofield
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Joseph P Brown
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Jack Brown
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Ania Wilczynska
- bit.bio, Babraham Research Campus, The Dorothy Hodgkin Building, Cambridge, CB22 3FH, UK
| | - Catherine Bell
- CVRM Safety, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Warren E Glaab
- Merck & Co., Inc, 770 Sumneytown Pike, West Point, PA, 19486, USA
| | | | - Lawrence Howell
- GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Stevenage, Greater Cambridge Area, UK
| | - Stephen Lee
- ABHI, 1 Duchess St, 4th Floor, Suite 2, London, W1W 6AN, UK
| | - James W Dear
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen's Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, 47 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh, EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Mika Remes
- Genomics EMEA, QIAGEN Aarhus, Prismet, Silkeborgvej 2, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Paul Reeves
- Arcis Biotechnology Limited, Suite S07, Techspace One, Sci-tech Daresbury, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, Warrington, WA4 4AB, UK
| | - Eunice Zhang
- Wolfson Centre for Personalised Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UK
| | - Jens Allmer
- Applied Bioinformatics, Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 4, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan Norris
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Francesco Falciani
- Computational Biology Facility, MerseyBio, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Louise Y Takeshita
- Computational Biology Facility, MerseyBio, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK
| | - Shiva Seyed Forootan
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Robert Sutton
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7BE, UK
| | - B Kevin Park
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK
| | - Chris Goldring
- MRC Centre for Drug Safety Science, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool, L69 3GE, UK.
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12
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Mohapatra S, Kundu AK, Mishra SR, Senapati S, Jyotiranjan T, Panda G. HSF1 and GM-CSF expression, its association with cardiac health, and assessment of organ function during heat stress in crossbred Jersey cattle. Res Vet Sci 2021; 139:200-210. [PMID: 34358923 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The study aimed to evaluate the differential expression of HSF1 and GM-CSF mRNA in PBMCs and correlate it with myocardial injury in crossbred Jersey heifers during heat stress. The study also assessed the effect of heat stress on cardiac electrical activity, vascular health, liver function and kidney function. The experiment was conducted in two phases: for heat stressed animals; HS in June (THI ranged from 80.0 to 89.8) and for control group i.e. not exposed to heat stress in January (THI ranged between 70.1 and 71.4). Results of the study revealed that the relative abundance of HSF1 and GM-CSF mRNA increased significantly (P < 0.05) in HS. Serum cardiac biomarkers such as CK-MB, AST and CRP were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in HS. cTnI was detected 'positive' in nineteen out of twenty four cases in HS. Correlation of HSF1 and GM-CSF expression with concentration of LDH, CKMB, CRP and AST in HS was negative but non-significant (P > 0.05). Significant (P < 0.05) ECG findings in HS were increased heart rate, decreased RR interval, decreased PR interval, decreased QRS amplitude and decreased amplitude of P wave. Marked reduction (P < 0.05) in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels was observed in HS. ALP, AST, bilirubin and urea levels in serum were significantly elevated (P < 0.05) in HS. In conclusion, cardiac enzymes in serum were significantly elevated in HS indicating myocardial injury. HSF1 and GM-CSF mRNA expression alone was inadequate in conferring cytoprotection to cardiac cells in HS. Cardiac electrical activity, vascular status, liver and kidney function were significantly altered in HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swagat Mohapatra
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, C.V.Sc. & A.H., O.U.A.T., Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Akshaya Kumar Kundu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, C.V.Sc. & A.H., O.U.A.T., Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Smruti Ranjan Mishra
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, C.V.Sc. & A.H., O.U.A.T., Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Tushar Jyotiranjan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, C.V.Sc. & A.H., O.U.A.T., Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Gopalaxmi Panda
- Department of Biochemistry, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
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13
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De Sanctis V, Alfò M, Vitiello C, Vullo G, Facondo G, Marinelli L, Burocchi S, Gallo G, Valeriani M, Campanella B, Scalabrino G, Russo I, Salerno G, Cardelli P, Osti M, De Biase L. Markers of Cardiotoxicity in Early Breast Cancer Patients Treated With a Hypofractionated Schedule: A Prospective Study. Clin Breast Cancer 2021; 21:e141-e149. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Tian Z, Zhang Y, Lyu X. Promoting roles of KLF5 in myocardial infarction in mice involving microRNA-27a suppression and the following GFPT2/TGF-β/Smad2/3 axis activation. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:874-893. [PMID: 33910455 PMCID: PMC8168596 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1907512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease which represents a leading cause of death worldwide. Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a member of the kruppel-like transcription factor family which has been reported with pro-apoptotic functions in myocardial cells. This work focuses on the function of KLF5 in the pathogenesis of MI and the molecules involved. A mouse model with MI was established. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-treated H9C2 cells were applied for in vitro experiments. A KLF5-specific inhibitor ML264 was administrated in cell and animal models. ML264 significantly reduced apoptosis, expression of fibrosis-related markers, reactive oxygen species in the H/R-treated H9C2 cells, and it reduced myocardial injury, infarct size, apoptosis and fibrosis in the myocardial tissues in model mice through specific downregulation of KLF5. A microRNA (miRNA) microarray analysis was performed, which suggested miR-27a as the most upregulated miRNA in the H/R-treated cells after ML264 treatment. miR-27a mimic reduced apoptosis and fibrosis in H/R-treated cells, while miR-27a inhibition blocked the protective roles of ML264. The integrated bioinformatic analyses and luciferase assays confirmed glutamine fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) mRNA as a target of miR-27a. Overexpression of GFPT2 counteracted the protective functions of miR-27a against MI through the activation of the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. To conclude, this study evidenced that KLF5 possibly induces cell and tissue damage in MI through downregulation of miR-27a and the subsequent activation of GFPT2/TGF-β/Smad2/3 axis. This study may offer novel thoughts into MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tian
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, Jilin, P. R.China
| | - Xueman Lyu
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, Jilin, P. R.China
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15
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Shimaoka H, Shiina T, Suzuki H, Horii Y, Horii K, Shimizu Y. Successful induction of deep hypothermia by isoflurane anesthesia and cooling in a non-hibernator, the rat. J Physiol Sci 2021; 71:10. [PMID: 33784982 PMCID: PMC10717611 DOI: 10.1186/s12576-021-00794-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to establish a novel method for inducing deep hypothermia in rats. Cooling rats anesthetized with isoflurane caused a time-dependent decrease in rectal temperature, but cardiac arrest occurred before their body temperature reached 20 °C when isoflurane inhalation was continued during the cooling process. Stopping inhalation of isoflurane when the rectal temperature reached 22.5 °C successfully induced deep hypothermia, although stopping the inhalation at 27.5 °C resulted in spontaneous recovery of rectal temperature. The hypothermic condition was able to be maintained for up to 6 h. A large number of c-Fos-positive cells were detected in the hypothalamus during hypothermia. Both the maintenance of and recovery from hypothermia caused organ injury, but the damage was transient and recovered within 1 week. These findings indicate that the established procedure is appropriate for inducing deep hypothermia without accompanying serious organ injury in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Shimaoka
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Laboratory of Physiology, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Takahiko Shiina
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Laboratory of Physiology, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Hayato Suzuki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yuuki Horii
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Laboratory of Physiology, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Horii
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Laboratory of Physiology, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasutake Shimizu
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, Laboratory of Physiology, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Laboratory of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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16
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Oda S, Yokoi T. Recent progress in the use of microRNAs as biomarkers for drug-induced toxicities in contrast to traditional biomarkers: A comparative review. Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2021; 37:100372. [PMID: 33461055 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmpk.2020.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with 18-25 nucleotides. They play key regulatory roles in versatile biological process including development and apoptosis, and in disease pathogenesis, for example carcinogenesis, by negatively regulating gene expression. miRNAs often exhibit characteristics suitable for biomarkers such as tissue-specific expression patterns, high stability in serum/plasma, and change in abundance in circulation immediately after toxic injury. Since the discovery of circulating miRNAs in extracellular biological fluids in 2008, there have been many reports on the use of miRNAs as biomarkers for various diseases including cancer and organ injury in humans and experimental animals. In this review article, we have summarized the utility and limitation of circulating miRNAs as safety/toxicology biomarkers for specific tissue injuries including liver, skeletal muscle, heart, retina, and pancreas, by comparing them with conventional protein biomarkers. We have also covered the discovery of miRNAs in serum/plasma and their stability, the knowledge of which is essential for understanding the kinetics of miRNA biomarkers. Since numerous studies have reported the use of these circulating miRNAs as safety biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity, we believe that circulating miRNAs can promote pre-clinical drug development and improve the monitoring of tissue injuries in clinical pharmacotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Oda
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan.
| | - Tsuyoshi Yokoi
- Department of Drug Safety Sciences, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, 466-8550, Japan
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17
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Anti-apoptotic peptide for long term cardioprotection in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:18116. [PMID: 33093627 PMCID: PMC7582178 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-75154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Reperfusion therapy during myocardial infarction (MI) leads to side effects called ischemia–reperfusion (IR) injury for which no treatment exists. While most studies have targeted the intrinsic apoptotic pathway to prevent IR injury with no successful clinical translation, we evidenced recently the potent cardioprotective effect of the anti-apoptotic Tat-DAXXp (TD) peptide targeting the FAS-dependent extrinsic pathway. The aim of the present study was to evaluate TD long term cardioprotective effects against IR injury in a MI mouse model. TD peptide (1 mg/kg) was administered in mice subjected to MI (TD; n = 21), 5 min prior to reperfusion, and were clinically followed-up during 6 months after surgery. Plasma cTnI concentration evaluated 24 h post-MI was 70%-decreased in TD (n = 16) versus Ctrl (n = 20) mice (p***). Strain echocardiography highlighted a 24%-increase (p****) in the ejection fraction mean value in TD-treated (n = 12) versus Ctrl mice (n = 17) during the 6 month-period. Improved cardiac performance was associated to a 54%-decrease (p**) in left ventricular fibrosis at 6 months in TD (n = 16) versus Ctrl (n = 20). In conclusion, targeting the extrinsic pathway with TD peptide at the onset of reperfusion provided long-term cardioprotection in a mouse model of myocardial IR injury by improving post-MI cardiac performance and preventing cardiac remodeling.
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18
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Cardinale DM, Zaninotto M, Cipolla CM, Passino C, Plebani M, Clerico A. Cardiotoxic effects and myocardial injury: the search for a more precise definition of drug cardiotoxicity. Clin Chem Lab Med 2020; 59:51-57. [PMID: 32845860 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2020-0566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a major clinical problem; cardiotoxic drugs may induce both cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury. Several recent studies reported that cardiac troponins measured with high-sensitivity methods (hs-cTn) can enable the early detection of myocardial injury related to chemotherapy or abuse of drugs that are potentially cardiotoxic. Several authors have some concerns about the standard definition of cardiotoxicity, in particular, regarding the early evaluation of chemotherapy cardiotoxicity in cancer patients. Several recent studies using the hs-cTn assay indicate that myocardial injury may precede by some months or years the diagnosis of heart failure (HF) based on the evaluation of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Accordingly, hs-cTn assay should considered to be a reliable laboratory test for the early detection of asymptomatic or subclinical cardiotoxic damage in patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. In accordance with the Fourth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction and also taking into account the recent experimental and clinical evidences, the definition of drug-cardiotoxicity should be updated considering the early evaluation of myocardial injury by means of hs-cTn assay. It is conceivable that the combined use of hs-cTn assay and cardiac imaging techniques for the evaluation of cardiotoxicity will significantly increase both diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, and also better prevent chemotherapy-related left ventricular (LV) dysfunction and other adverse cardiac events. However, large randomized clinical trials are needed to evaluate the cost/benefit ratio of standardized protocols for the early detection of cardiotoxicity using hs-cTn assay in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Zaninotto
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedale- Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Carlo Maria Cipolla
- Cardiology Division, European Institute of Oncology, I.R.C.C.S., Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Passino
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna e Fondazione CNR - Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Plebani
- Dipartimento di Medicina di Laboratorio, Azienda Ospedale- Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Aldo Clerico
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna e Fondazione CNR - Regione Toscana G. Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
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19
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Li X, Pan X, Li Y, An N, Xing Y, Yang F, Tian L, Sun J, Gao Y, Shang H, Xing Y. Cardiac injury associated with severe disease or ICU admission and death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Crit Care 2020; 24:468. [PMID: 32723362 PMCID: PMC7386170 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03183-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac injury is now a common complication of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), but it remains unclear whether cardiac injury-related biomarkers can be independent predictors of mortality and severe disease development or intensive care unit (ICU) admission. METHODS Two investigators searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, MedRxiv, and ChinaXiv databases for articles published through March 30, 2020. Retrospective studies assessing the relationship between the prognosis of COVID-19 patients and levels of troponin I (TnI) and other cardiac injury biomarkers (creatine kinase [CK], CK myocardial band [CK-MB], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], and interleukin-6 [IL-6]) were included. The data were extracted independently by two investigators. RESULTS The analysis included 23 studies with 4631 total individuals. The proportions of severe disease, ICU admission, or death among patients with non-elevated TnI (or troponin T [TnT]), and those with elevated TnI (or TnT) were 12.0% and 64.5%, 11.8% and 56.0%, and 8.2% and. 59.3%, respectively. Patients with elevated TnI levels had significantly higher risks of severe disease, ICU admission, and death (RR 5.57, 95% CI 3.04 to 10.22, P < 0.001; RR 6.20, 95% CI 2.52 to 15.29, P < 0.001; RR 5.64, 95% CI 2.69 to 11.83, P < 0.001). Patients with an elevated CK level were at significantly increased risk of severe disease or ICU admission (RR 1.98, 95% CI 1.50 to 2.61, P < 0.001). Patients with elevated CK-MB levels were at a higher risk of developing severe disease or requiring ICU admission (RR 3.24, 95% CI 1.66 to 6.34, P = 0.001). Patients with newly occurring arrhythmias were at higher risk of developing severe disease or requiring ICU admission (RR 13.09, 95% CI 7.00 to 24.47, P < 0.001). An elevated IL-6 level was associated with a higher risk of developing severe disease, requiring ICU admission, or death. CONCLUSIONS COVID-19 patients with elevated TnI levels are at significantly higher risk of severe disease, ICU admission, and death. Elevated CK, CK-MB, LDH, and IL-6 levels and emerging arrhythmia are associated with the development of severe disease and need for ICU admission, and the mortality is significantly higher in patients with elevated LDH and IL-6 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinye Li
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiandu Pan
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanda Li
- Institute of Basic Research In Clinical Medicine, China Academy Of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na An
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yanfen Xing
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Li Tian
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jiahao Sun
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
| | - Yanwei Xing
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
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20
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Chang WS, Li P, Kakade S, Xiong Y, Shang H, Zhang Y, Lee GU. Rapid and sensitive detection of cardiac troponin I using a force enhanced immunoassay with nanoporous membrane. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:12568-12577. [PMID: 32500903 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr02234a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for point of care diagnostic technologies that are rapid, sensitive, easy to use, and relatively inexpensive. In this article we describe an assay that uses an antibody functionalized nanoporous membrane and superparamagnetic beads to capture and detect human cardiac troponin I (cTnI), which is an important biomarker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The membrane assisted force differentiation assay (mFDA) is capable of detecting cTnI at a sensitivity of 0.1 pg ml-1 in 15% serum in less than 16 minutes, which is a significant improvement in performance over conventional lateral flow immuosorbant assays. The speed of this assay results from the rapid concentration of cTnI on the surface of the nanoporous membrane and the use of the magnetic beads to react with the analyte, which rapidly react with the immobilized cTnI. The increased sensitivity of assay results from the use of magnetically controlled forces that reduce the nonspecific background and modify both the on-rate and off-rate. We believe that the improved performance and ease of application of the mFDA will make it useful in the early identification of AMI as well as other diseases based on the detection of 1 pg ml-1 variations in the concentrations cTnI in blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Suk Chang
- Schools of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Forney Hall, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
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21
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Currently, cardiotoxicity is monitored through echocardiography or multigated acquisition scanning and is defined as 10% or higher LVEF reduction. The latter stage may represent irreversible myocardium injury and limits modification of therapeutic paradigms at earliest stages. To stratify patients for anthracycline-related heart failure, highly sensitive and molecularly specific probes capable of interrogating cardiac damage at the subcellular levels have been sought. Recent Findings PET tracers may provide noninvasive assessment of earliest changes within myocardium. These tracers are at nascent stages of development and belong primarily to (a) mitochondrial potential-targeted and (b) general ROS (reactive oxygen species)-targeted radiotracers. Given that electrochemical gradient changes at the mitochondrial membrane represent an upstream, and earliest event before triggering the production of the ROS and caspase activity in a biochemical cascade, the former category might offer interrogation of cardiotoxicity at earliest stages exemplified by PET imaging, using 18F-Mitophos and 68Ga-Galmydar in rodent models. Summary Both categories of radiotracers may provide tools for monitoring chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and interrogating therapeutic efficacy of cardio-protectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jothilingam Sivapackiam
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, PO Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Monica Sharma
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, PO Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Thomas H Schindler
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, PO Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Departments of Medicine, Cardiology and Nuclear Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Vijay Sharma
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, PO Box 8225, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering & Applied Science, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63105, USA.
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22
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Sachinidis A. Cardiotoxicity and Heart Failure: Lessons from Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes and Anticancer Drugs. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041001. [PMID: 32316481 PMCID: PMC7226145 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) are discussed as disease modeling for optimization and adaptation of therapy to each individual. However, the fundamental question is still under debate whether stem-cell-based disease modeling and drug discovery are applicable for recapitulating pathological processes under in vivo conditions. Drug treatment and exposure to different chemicals and environmental factors can initiate diseases due to toxicity effects in humans. It is well documented that drug-induced cardiotoxicity accelerates the development of heart failure (HF). Until now, investigations on the understanding of mechanisms involved in HF by anticancer drugs are hindered by limitations of the available cellular models which are relevant for human physiology and by the fact that the clinical manifestation of HF often occurs several years after its initiation. Recently, we identified similar genomic biomarkers as observed by HF after short treatment of hiPSCs-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) with different antitumor drugs such as anthracyclines and etoposide (ETP). Moreover, we identified common cardiotoxic biological processes and signal transduction pathways which are discussed as being crucial for the survival and function of cardiomyocytes and, therefore, for the development of HF. In the present review, I discuss the applicability of the in vitro cardiotoxicity test systems as modeling for discovering preventive mechanisms/targets against cardiotoxicity and, therefore, for novel HF therapeutic concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agapios Sachinidis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Neurophysiology, University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 39, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Robert-Koch-Str. 21, 50931 Cologne, Germany
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23
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Cardinale D, Iacopo F, Cipolla CM. Cardiotoxicity of Anthracyclines. Front Cardiovasc Med 2020; 7:26. [PMID: 32258060 PMCID: PMC7093379 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is a feared side effect that may limit the clinical use of anthracyclines. It may indeed affect the quality of life and survival of patients with cancer, regardless of oncological prognosis. This paper provides an overview of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in terms of definition, classification, incidence, risk factors, possible mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment. We also report effective strategies for preventing cardiotoxicity. In addition, we discuss limiting current approaches, the need for a new classification, and early cardiotoxicity detection and treatment. Probably, anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is a continuous phenomenon that starts from myocardial cell injury; it is followed by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and, if not diagnosed and cured early, progressively leads to symptomatic heart failure. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity can be detected at a preclinical phase. The role of biomarkers, in particular troponins, in identifying subclinical cardiotoxicity and its therapy with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (mainly enalapril) to prevent LVEF reduction is a recognized and effective strategy. If cardiac dysfunction has already occurred, partial or complete LVEF recovery may still be obtained in case of early detection of cardiotoxicity and prompt heart failure treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cardinale
- Cardioncology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabiani Iacopo
- Cardioncology Unit, European Institute of Oncology, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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24
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Abd Al Haleem EN, Ahmed SF, Temraz A, El-Tantawy WH. Evaluation of the cardioprotective effect of Casuarina suberosa extract in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2019; 45:367-377. [PMID: 31778078 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1696815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to examine and compare the cardioprotective activities of the chloroform and petroleum extracts the leaves of Casuarina suberosa in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac tissue oxidative stress. Rats were categorized into 6 groups as follows: control group, vehicle or Tween 80-treated group, ISO-treated group, chloroform extract + ISO treated group, petroleum ether extract + ISO treated group and Reference drug (Captopril) + ISO treated group. ISO injection significantly (p < 0.05) increased the activities of cardiac marker enzymes (CK-MB, LDH, ALT, and AST), cardiac troponin-I, levels of lipid peroxides (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and neutrophil infiltration marker; myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the cardiac tissues. Pretreatment with chloroform or petroleum ether extracts significantly (p < 0.05) prevented the ISO-induced alteration; they upregulated VEGF expression. Histopathological findings corroborated biochemical results. These extracts exerted a cardioprotective effect by alleviating oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekram Nemr Abd Al Haleem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Abeer Temraz
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy For Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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25
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Min F, Jia XJ, Gao Q, Niu F, Hu ZY, Han YL, Shi HJ, Yu Y. Remote ischemic post-conditioning protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting the Rho-kinase signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2019; 19:99-106. [PMID: 31853278 PMCID: PMC6909662 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.8176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to observe the effect of Rho-kinase on remote ischemic post-conditioning (RIPostC) and explore the underlying mechanisms. Male Sprague Dawley rats (n=32) were randomly distributed into four groups: Sham group, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group, RIPostC group and I/R with fasudil group (I/R+Fas). Infarction size was detected by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. The levels of creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) were measured using an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The mRNA expression levels of Rho-associated coiled-coil containing protein kinase (ROCK)-1 and ROCK2, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) were detected via reverse transcription-PCR. The protein expression levels of phosphorylated-myosin phosphatase target subunit (p-MYPT1) and phosphorylated-myosin light chain (p-MLC) were assessed by western blotting. The results demonstrated that RIPostC could decrease the infarct size, the levels of CK, LDH, cTnI and MDA and increase the activity of SOD compared with the I/R group. In addition, the mRNA expression of ROCK1 and ROCK2 was downregulated, the protein expression of p-MYPT1 and p-MLC was decreased, and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was elevated in the RIPostC groups compared with the I/R group. Notably, the aforementioned index in I/R with Fas group was similar to the RIPostC group and no significant difference was observed between RIPostC and I/R+Fas. These results revealed that RIPostC could attenuate I/R injury and the underlying mechanisms might be associated with a reduction in myocardial apoptosis and the suppression of the Rho-kinase signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Min
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China.,Research Center of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Xian Jie Jia
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Qin Gao
- Research Center of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Fang Niu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Yuan Hu
- Research Center of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Ya Ling Han
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Hong Jie Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
| | - Ying Yu
- Research Center of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233030, P.R. China
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26
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Li L, Tian J, Wang X, Xu G, Jiang W, Yang Z, Liu D, Lin G. Cardiotoxicity of Intravenously Administered CdSe/ZnS Quantum Dots in BALB/c Mice. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1179. [PMID: 31649542 PMCID: PMC6791919 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Since CdSe quantum dots (QDs) are increasingly used in electronics, medical, and pharmaceutical science due to their excellent optical properties, it is necessary to carry out thorough and systematic studies on their biosafety. Numerous studies have reported the toxicity of QDs on liver, kidney, immune system, and reproductive system. However, few studies have been done on the cardiotoxicity of QDs. In this study, we administered carboxylated CdSe/ZnS QDs in BALB/c mice via the tail vein and analyzed the in vivo cardiotoxicity of CdSe/ZnS QDs. The body weight, hematology, serum biochemistry, histology, heart elements concentration, echocardiography, and heart oxidative stress markers were carried out at different time. There were no significant differences in body weight and heart organ index between QDs group and the control group. Hematology results showed the platelet (PLT) counts on Day 1 and Day 42 in both high dose QDs group and low dose QDs group, and the PLT counts on Day1 in the high dose group were significantly higher than that in control group. Serum biochemistry results showed that lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), and creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) of mice exposed to CdSe/ZnS QDs were significantly higher than that of the control group on Day 1, and CK-MB levels still remained high on Day 7. A higher concentration of Cd was observed in the heart of CdSe/ZnS QDs exposed mice on Day 42, whereas no Cd was detected in the control group, which suggested that QDs can accumulate in heart. No significant histopathological changes and cardiac function were observed in all mice at different time after treatment. Increased level of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) was observed in mice administered with high dose QDs on Day 1, and increased level of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and MDA activities was observed on Day 42. These results indicated that CdSe/ZnS QDs could accumulate in heart, cause some biochemical indicators change, induce oxidative damage, and have cardiotoxicity. Our findings might provide valuable information on the biological safety evaluation of the cardiovascular system of QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinglin Tian
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education/Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenxiao Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhiwen Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongmeng Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Guimiao Lin
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Sciences Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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27
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Tümer KÇ, Özdemİr H, Eröksüz H. Evaluation of cardiac troponin I in serum and myocardium of rabbits with experimentally induced polymicrobial sepsis. Exp Anim 2019; 69:54-61. [PMID: 31462610 PMCID: PMC7004812 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening condition, and it is frequently complicated by
myocardial damage. Data on myocardial damage in rabbit caecal ligation and puncture (CLP)
models are limited, although numerous animal models have been used to study
sepsis-associated myocardial damage. This study aimed to investigate the effect of CLP on
cardiac muscle by measuring serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations and by
detecting both histopathological changes and cTnI immunoreactivity in cardiomyocytes in
rabbits. After CLP was performed in rabbits, blood samples were taken from the jugular
vein at 0, 4, 8, and 12 h for haematological and biochemical analyses. At the end of the
experiment, all of the rabbits were euthanised to examine the histopathological changes
and the cTnI immunoreactivity in cardiac muscle tissue. No changes in serum cTnI
concentration were observed in the experimental group (EG) or control group (CG) at 0 and
4 h. In EG, the mean serum cTnI concentrations were 0.230 ± 0.209 and 1.177 ± 0.971 ng/ml
at 8 and 12 h, respectively. In CG, the mean serum cTnI concentrations were 0.032 ± 0.014
and 0.031 ± 0.021 ng/ml at 8 and 12 h, respectively. Moreover, cytoplasmic cTnI
immunoreactivity decreased in EG compared with that in CG (P<0.01).
The results demonstrated that CLP induced a systemic inflammatory response and caused
myocardial damage in rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenan Çağrı Tümer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23200, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Haydar Özdemİr
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23200, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Hatice Eröksüz
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23200, Elazığ, Turkey
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28
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Guth BD, Engwall M, Eldridge S, Foley CM, Guo L, Gintant G, Koerner J, Parish ST, Pierson JB, Ribeiro AJS, Zabka T, Chaudhary KW, Kanda Y, Berridge B. Considerations for an In Vitro, Cell-Based Testing Platform for Detection of Adverse Drug-Induced Inotropic Effects in Early Drug Development. Part 1: General Considerations for Development of Novel Testing Platforms. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:884. [PMID: 31447679 PMCID: PMC6697071 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced effects on cardiac contractility can be assessed through the measurement of the maximal rate of pressure increase in the left ventricle (LVdP/dtmax) in conscious animals, and such studies are often conducted at the late stage of preclinical drug development. Detection of such effects earlier in drug research using simpler, in vitro test systems would be a valuable addition to our strategies for identifying the best possible drug development candidates. Thus, testing platforms with reasonably high throughput, and affordable costs would be helpful for early screening purposes. There may also be utility for testing platforms that provide mechanistic information about how a given drug affects cardiac contractility. Finally, there could be in vitro testing platforms that could ultimately contribute to the regulatory safety package of a new drug. The characteristics needed for a successful cell or tissue-based testing platform for cardiac contractility will be dictated by its intended use. In this article, general considerations are presented with the intent of guiding the development of new testing platforms that will find utility in drug research and development. In the following article (part 2), specific aspects of using human-induced stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for this purpose are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D Guth
- Department of Drug Discovery Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany.,PreClinical Drug Development Platform (PCDDP), North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Michael Engwall
- Safety Pharmacology and Animal Research Center, Amgen Research, Thousand Oaks, CA, United States
| | - Sandy Eldridge
- Division of Cancer Treatment and Diagnosis, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - C Michael Foley
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Integrated Sciences and Technology, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Liang Guo
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Gary Gintant
- Department of Integrative Pharmacology, Integrated Sciences and Technology, AbbVie, North Chicago, IL, United States
| | - John Koerner
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Stanley T Parish
- Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Jennifer B Pierson
- Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Alexandre J S Ribeiro
- Division of Applied Regulatory Science, Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translation Sciences, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Tanja Zabka
- Department of Safety Assessment, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Khuram W Chaudhary
- Global Safety Pharmacology, GlaxoSmithKline plc, Collegeville, PA, United States
| | - Yasunari Kanda
- Division of Pharmacology, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Brian Berridge
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, United States
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29
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Kamely M, Karimi Torshizi MA, Wideman RF, West J. Upregulation of SERT and ADORA1 in broilers with acute right ventricular failure. Res Vet Sci 2019; 125:397-400. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2017.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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30
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Bayraktar B, Tekce E. Effects of Varying Essential Oil Mixture Concentrations Applied Underconditions of Different Temperature Stress on Cardiac Markers and Other Blood Parameters. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2019-1119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Abstract
The development of new medicines is one of the priority areas of translational medicine. A significant role for biomarkers (BM) that assess the safety and efficacy of new drugs. The right choice of BM reduces the time and costs necessary for the development of drugs and transfer them to the clinic. The review is devoted to the analysis of modern scientific literature on the role of previously known and newly discovered BM in translational research. Translational BM (TBM) established during preclinical studies and are applicable at all stages of the study. TBM should have a high sensitivity and specificity, be easily measured in real time in an easily accessible biological fluids, to evaluate the same process in different species of animals (including humans), make it possible to compare the results of clinical trials with preclinical. The main role of the TBM toxicity to predict, identify and monitor the toxicity of drugs at all stages of their study. The international consortium (Predictive Safety Testing Consortium, PSTC) whose main task is the qualification of new TBM toxicity and the search for new, more advanced than existing methods for testing markers, was established. Under PSTC formed 6 working groups, each of which coordinates research for the study and selection of TBM toxicity caused by the administration of drugs in the liver, kidney, heart and blood vessels, skeletal muscle, testes. The first qualified consortium markers were 7 contained in the urine markers for preclinical studies on rats with the goal of establishing early lesions in the kidney induced by drugs. Only a small number of BM used in the study of new drugs, can be translational.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. V. Osipova
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
| | - V. M. Bukhman
- N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia
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Ilgin S, Kilic V, Baysal M, Aydogan-Kilic G, Ucarcan S, Dermenci B, Atli O. Evidence for cardiotoxicity associated with sertraline in rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2018; 7:817-825. [PMID: 30310659 PMCID: PMC6115899 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00072g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertraline is an antidepressant that is frequently prescribed to treat depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and anxiety. This drug had a safe cardiotoxicity profile, until the reporting of cases of sertraline-associated cardiotoxicities in the early 2000s. Since then, there have been conflicting results on the cardiotoxicity of this drug. In the study reported here we aimed to identify the cardiotoxic effects of sertraline by evaluating serum cardiac biomarkers, such as serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine phosphokinase-myoglobin band (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and cardiac troponin T (cTn-T) levels as well as electrocardiographic parameters, DNA damage in cardiomyocytes, and histological findings of heart tissue in rats that were administered oral doses of 5, 10, or 20 mg kg-1 of sertraline for 28 days. Additionally, to investigate the possible mechanisms underlying cardiotoxicity, glutathione and malondialdehyde levels in cardiac tissue were determined to evaluate oxidative stress. According to our results, AST, LDH, and cTn-T levels were significantly increased in the 10 and 20 mg kg-1 sertraline groups when compared to the control group. Heart rates were increased, PR intervals prolonged, a short QTc value was observed, and T-wave amplitudes were decreased significantly in the 20 mg kg-1 sertraline group when compared to the control group. Significant DNA damage was observed in the high-dose groups. Histopathological investigations also revealed some degenerative changes in the 10 and 20 mg kg-1 sertraline groups. Glutathione levels were significantly decreased in the 10 and 20 mg kg-1 sertraline groups when compared with the control group. In conclusion, our findings support the cardiotoxic potential of sertraline and also suggest that oxidative stress may play a role in the toxicity of sertraline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Ilgin
- Anadolu University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 26470 Eskisehir , Turkey .
| | - Volkan Kilic
- Anadolu University , Faculty of Science , Department of Biology , 26470 Eskisehir , Turkey
| | - Merve Baysal
- Anadolu University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 26470 Eskisehir , Turkey .
| | - Gozde Aydogan-Kilic
- Anadolu University , Faculty of Science , Department of Biology , 26470 Eskisehir , Turkey
| | - Seyda Ucarcan
- Anadolu University , Faculty of Science , Department of Biology , 26470 Eskisehir , Turkey
| | - Begum Dermenci
- Anadolu University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 26470 Eskisehir , Turkey .
| | - Ozlem Atli
- Anadolu University , Faculty of Pharmacy , Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology , 26470 Eskisehir , Turkey .
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Atli O, Kilic V, Baysal M, Kilic G, Gormus G, Ucarcan S, Korkut B, Ilgin S. Assessment of trazodone-induced cardiotoxicity after repeated doses in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:45-55. [PMID: 29774748 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118769717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trazodone (TRZ) is an antidepressant drug commonly used in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Although some studies demonstrated the adverse effects of TRZ related to cardiovascular system, the conflicting results were observed in these studies. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the cardiac adverse effects of TRZ in rats at repeated doses in our study. In accordance with this purpose, TRZ was administered orally to rats at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg doses for 28 days. Electrocardiogram records, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase-myoglobin band, cardiac troponin-T (cTn-T) levels, DNA damage in cardiomyocytes, and histologic view of heart tissues were evaluated. In addition, glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured to determine the oxidative status of cardiac tissue after TRZ administration. Heart rate was decreased, PR interval was prolonged, and QRS and T amplitudes were decreased in 20 mg/kg TRZ-administered group compared to the control group. Serum AST and cTn-T levels were significantly increased in 10 and 20 mg/kg TRZ-administered rats with respect to control rats. DNA damage was significantly increased in these groups. Additionally, degenerative histopathologic findings were observed in TRZ-administered groups. Although there was no difference in MDA levels between groups, GSH levels were significantly decreased in 10 and 20 mg/kg TRZ-administered groups compared to the control group. Our results have shown that TRZ induced cardiotoxicity in rats dose-dependently. It is assumed that oxidative stress related to GSH depletion may be accompanied by these adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Atli
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - V Kilic
- 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - M Baysal
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - G Kilic
- 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - G Gormus
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - S Ucarcan
- 2 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - B Korkut
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - S Ilgin
- 1 Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Anadolu University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Cai Y, Kang K, Li Q, Wang Y, He X. Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Cardiac Troponin I for Point-of-Care Tests Based on Red Fluorescent Microspheres. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051102. [PMID: 29735888 PMCID: PMC6099710 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A reliable lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) based on a facile one-step synthesis of single microspheres in combining with immunochromatography technique was developed to establish a new point-of-care test (POCT) for the rapid and early detection of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), a kind of cardiac specific biomarker for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The double layered microspheres with clear core-shell structures were produced using soap-free emulsion polymerization method with inexpensive compounds (styrene and acrylic acid). The synthetic process was simple, rapid and easy to control due to one-step synthesis without any complicated procedures. The microspheres are nanostructure with high surface area, which have numerous carboxyl groups on the out layer, resulting in high-efficiency coupling between the carrier and antibody via amide bond. Meanwhile, the red fluorescent dye, Nile-red (NR), was wrapped inside the microspheres to improve its stability, as well to reduce the background noise, because of its higher emission wavelength than interference from real plasma samples. The core-shell structures provided different functional areas to separate antibody and dyes, so the immunoassay has highly sensitive, wide working curves in the range of 0–40 ng/mL, low limits of detection (LOD) at 0.016 ng/mL, and limits of quantification (LOQ) at 0.087 ng/mL with coefficient of variations (CV) of 10%. This strategy suggested an outstanding platform for LFIA, with good reproducibility and stability to straightforwardly analyze the plasma samples without washing steps, thereby reducing the operating procedures for non-professionals and promoting detection efficiency. The whole detection process can be completed in less than 15 min. This novel immunoassay offers a reliable and favorable analytical result by detecting the real samples, indicating that it holds great potential as a new alternative for biomolecule detection in complex samples, for the early detection of cardiac specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxue Cai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Keren Kang
- National & Local United Engineering Lab of Rapid Diagnostic Test, Guangzhou Wondfo Biotech Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 5l0663, China.
| | - Qianru Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xiaowei He
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
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Munshi A, Khataniar N, Sarkar B, Bera ML, Mohanti BK. Spatial orientation of coronary arteries and its implication for breast and thoracic radiotherapy-proposing "coronary strip" as a new organ at risk. Strahlenther Onkol 2018; 194:711-718. [PMID: 29651533 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-018-1299-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Radiotherapy for breast cancer has been associated with various side effects including cardiac sequelae. Our study aimed to define the spatial arc of spread of coronary vessels in a radian angle. MATERIALS AND METHODS We analysed the records of 51 CT coronary angiographies done in our hospital from January 2016 to July 2016. Left anterior descending (LAD) and right coronary (RC) were contoured for each patient. In each axial section, the radial spread of each artery was noted. A 5 mm brush tool was used to join the start and stop angles for making the summated "coronary strips". RESULTS Start and end angle of LAD with 95% confidence interval (CI) (in clockwise direction) were 23.9 ± 4° and 79.0 ± 6.6°, respectively. Mean LAD arc length ± SD (standard deviation) noted was 55.1° ± 7.7° (95% CI). For RC the smallest start angle and the largest end angle in all patients was 297.6° and 322.6°, respectively. RC start angle, end angle and arc length for 95% confidence interval were 322.2 ± 6.1°, 292.4 ± 11.6° and 29.8 ± 13.1°, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides a measure of the radial spread of the coronary arteries, especially from the perspective of breast radiotherapy. We have proposed a new organ at risk (OAR) of coronary strip. This should provide an easy and cost-effective way to delineate the coronary vasculature in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusheel Munshi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, 122002, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
| | - Nilaxi Khataniar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, 122002, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Biplab Sarkar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, 122002, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Moti Lal Bera
- Department of Radiology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Bidhu Kalyan Mohanti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fortis Memorial Research Institute, 122002, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
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Mehta LS, Watson KE, Barac A, Beckie TM, Bittner V, Cruz-Flores S, Dent S, Kondapalli L, Ky B, Okwuosa T, Piña IL, Volgman AS. Cardiovascular Disease and Breast Cancer: Where These Entities Intersect: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association. Circulation 2018; 137:e30-e66. [PMID: 29437116 PMCID: PMC6722327 DOI: 10.1161/cir.0000000000000556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality in women, yet many people perceive breast cancer to be the number one threat to women's health. CVD and breast cancer have several overlapping risk factors, such as obesity and smoking. Additionally, current breast cancer treatments can have a negative impact on cardiovascular health (eg, left ventricular dysfunction, accelerated CVD), and for women with pre-existing CVD, this might influence cancer treatment decisions by both the patient and the provider. Improvements in early detection and treatment of breast cancer have led to an increasing number of breast cancer survivors who are at risk of long-term cardiac complications from cancer treatments. For older women, CVD poses a greater mortality threat than breast cancer itself. This is the first scientific statement from the American Heart Association on CVD and breast cancer. This document will provide a comprehensive overview of the prevalence of these diseases, shared risk factors, the cardiotoxic effects of therapy, and the prevention and treatment of CVD in breast cancer patients.
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Berridge BR, Schultze AE, Heyen JR, Searfoss GH, Sarazan RD. Technological Advances in Cardiovascular Safety Assessment Decrease Preclinical Animal Use and Improve Clinical Relevance. ILAR J 2017; 57:120-132. [PMID: 28053066 DOI: 10.1093/ilar/ilw028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular (CV) safety liabilities are significant concerns for drug developers and preclinical animal studies are predominately where those liabilities are characterized before patient exposures. Steady progress in technology and laboratory capabilities is enabling a more refined and informative use of animals in those studies. The application of surgically implantable and telemetered instrumentation in the acute assessment of drug effects on CV function has significantly improved historical approaches that involved anesthetized or restrained animals. More chronically instrumented animals and application of common clinical imaging assessments like echocardiography and MRI extend functional and in-life structural assessments into the repeat-dose setting. A growing portfolio of circulating CV biomarkers is allowing longitudinal and repeated measures of cardiac and vascular injury and dysfunction better informing an understanding of temporal pathogenesis and allowing earlier detection of undesirable effects. In vitro modeling systems of the past were limited by their lack of biological relevance to the in vivo human condition. Advances in stem cell technology and more complex in vitro modeling platforms are quickly creating more opportunity to supplant animals in our earliest assessments for liabilities. Continuing improvement in our capabilities in both animal and nonanimal modeling should support a steady decrease in animal use for primary liability identification and optimize the translational relevance of the animal studies we continue to do.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Berridge
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - A Eric Schultze
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - Jon R Heyen
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - George H Searfoss
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
| | - R Dustan Sarazan
- Brian R. Berridge, DVM, PhD, is a Senior GSK Fellow and Head of Worldwide Animal Research Strategy at GlaxoSmithKline in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania. A. Eric Schultze, DVM, PhD, is a Senior Research Advisor-Pathologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. Jon R. Heyen, MS, is a Senior Principal Scientist at Pfizer in La Jolla, California. George H. Searfoss, MS, is a Consultant Toxicologist at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana. R. Dustan Sarazan, DVM, PhD, is a cardiovascular consultant currently residing in Rhinelander, Wisconsin
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胡 静, 谷 小, 孟 炎, 王 娅, 高 琴, 李 正, 李 晓, 程 向. [Effect of dexmedetomidine postconditioning on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and inflammatory response in diabetic rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:1506-1511. [PMID: 29180332 PMCID: PMC6779648 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.11.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine postconditioning in alleviating myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury and inflammation in diabetic mellitus rats. METHODS Thirty normal male Sprauge Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allocated into 3 groups (n=10), namely the sham-operated group, IR group, and dexmedetomidine postconditioning (DP) group. Similarly, another thirty diabetic SD rats were also randomly allocated into diabetic sham (DM-S) group, diabetic IR (DM-IR) group and diabetic dexmedetomidine postconditioning (DM-DP) group. The mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and the rate pressure product (RPP) were recorded at baseline, after 30 min of ischemia, and at 30 and 120 min during reperfusion. Myocardial infarct size was analyzed by TTC double staining method, and plasma levels of CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β were measured at 120 min of reperfusion. RESULTS Compared with those in the sham-operated group, normal and diabetic rats in IR and DP groups showed significantly lowered MAP, HR, and RPP and increased levels of plasma CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-10 and IL-1β levels after 30 min of ischemia and at 30 min and 120 min of reperfusion (P<0.05). Compared with those in the IR group, the normal rats in DP group showed decreased MAP, HR, and RPP at 30 min of ischemia and at 30 min of reperfusion, which increased at 120 min of reperfusion (P<0.05); the infarct size and plasma CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-1β levels were decreased while IL-10 was increased in DP group (P<0.05). Compared with those in DP group, the rats in DM-DP group showed similar MAP, HR and RPP (P>0.05) but significantly increased infarct size and plasma CTnI, TNF-a, IL-6 and IL-1β levels (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Dexmedetomidine postconditioning may produce a cardioprotective effect against myocardial IR injury in normal rats by alleviating inflammation, but can not reduce the release of inflammatory mediators in diabetic rats to improve myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- 静 胡
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 小雨 谷
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 炎 孟
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - 娅 王
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 琴 高
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 正红 李
- 蚌埠医学院生理教研室,安徽 蚌埠 233030Department of Physiology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - 晓红 李
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
| | - 向阳 程
- 蚌埠医学院第一附属医院麻醉科,安徽 蚌埠 233004Deparment of Anesthesiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China
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PRELIMINARY CHARACTERIZATION OF DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY IN A CAPTIVE POPULATION OF BANDED MONGOOSES (MUNGOS MUNGO). J Zoo Wildl Med 2017; 48:829-841. [PMID: 28920815 DOI: 10.1638/2016-0244.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Between 2006 and 2015, a high incidence of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) was diagnosed in a captive population of banded mongooses (Mungos mungo) at Chester Zoo, United Kingdom. The aim of this study was to characterize DCM in these mongooses in order to raise awareness of this condition and help inform management and clinical decisions. Prospective clinical assessments, including echocardiography, radiography, and cardiac biomarkers, were carried out in four mongooses remaining in the collection. Radiographs from 15 mature mongooses were reviewed and cardiac size and metrics assessed. Ten postmortem reports and the histologic sections from nine of these cases were reviewed for cardiac lesions. Echocardiographic findings were consistent with a diagnosis of preclinical DCM in one out of the four cases assessed, and it was considered equivocal in a second case. Taurine levels were within normal limits for domestic carnivores. Radiographs in seven mongooses showed right-sided or generalized cardiomegaly. The width of the heart in intercostal spaces and vertebral-tracheal angle on the lateral view were the most-discriminatory radiographic variables for diagnosis of cardiac disease. At necropsy, there was gross pathological evidence consistent with DCM in seven out of 10 mongooses examined. Histopathologically, mild multifocal fibrosis and rare intermyofiber edema were observed. This study provides preliminary evidence that DCM occurs in captive banded mongoose, but etiology and wider prevalence need to be determined.
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Translational trio of myocardial biomarkers for prediction, monitoring and controlling toxicologic response: Mechanistic (high content analysis), leakage (high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I) and function biomarkers (B-type natriuretic peptide). CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Qualification of safety biomarkers for use in drug development: What has been achieved and what is the path forward? CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Azimzadeh K, Nasrollahi Nargesabad R, Vousooghi N. Evaluation of plasma sphingosine 1-phosphate, hepcidin and cardiovascular damage biomarkers (cardiac troponin I and homocysteine) in rats infected with brucellosis and vaccinated (Rev-1, RB-51). Microb Pathog 2017; 109:67-70. [PMID: 28533142 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Brucellosis is known as one of important zoonosis. Studying the histological and biochemical effects of the disease could help to increase our knowledge about it. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes of plasma parameters after intraperitoneal injection of two species of Brucella (Brucella melitensis and Brucella abortus) and two vaccines (Rev-1, RB-51) in the rat. Forty male rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 in each group). Two groups received suspensions of Brucella abortus and Brucella melitensis and two other groups were injected intraperitoneally with two mentioned vaccines and the last group received only distilled water. The results showed a significant increase in sphingosine 1-phosphate, Malondialdehyde, hepcidin, homocysteine, cardiac troponin I and copper levels and a considerable decrease in the levels of iron and zinc (P ≤ 0.01) in infected groups compared to the control animals. In vaccinated groups, hepcidin was increased but other parameters were not changed in comparison to the control group. It can be concluded that increase of homocysteine and cardiac troponin I in brucellosis could be a warning for cardiac adverse effects. Besides, increase of sphingosine 1-phosphate probably indicates its stimulant and modulatory effects in anti- Brucellosis biochemical pathways of the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveh Azimzadeh
- Young Researcher and Elite Club, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
| | | | - Nasim Vousooghi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Genetics Laboratory, Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Follow-up of troponin I concentration in dogs with atrioventricular block and dual-chamber pacing in a case-matched study. J Vet Cardiol 2017; 19:247-255. [PMID: 28478942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration has been reported in dogs with atrioventricular (AV) block before and shortly following pacemaker implantation. The role of AV dyssynchrony, age, or concurrent cardiac disease on cTnI concentration remains unknown. OBJECTIVES To investigate change in cTnI concentration following dual-chamber pacemaker implantation on short- and long-term follow-up and to compare cTnI values to a case-matched control group. ANIMALS Thirty-eight client-owned dogs with permanent AV block and 38 matched control dogs. METHODS Retrospective review of medical records. Pacemaker group consisted of dogs with AV block and dual-chamber pacing. Control group matched the study population in age and cardiac disease. cTnI was compared between pacemaker and control group on short- and long-term follow-up. Different lead types and influence of arrhythmia on cTnI were tested. RESULTS cTnI was high at presentation (median 0.66 ng/ml; range 0.03-18.6) and showed a significant reduction over time after pacemaker implantation (p < 0.0001). Median cTnI values were significantly different between pacemaker and control group on short-term (p = 0.0004; 0.11 ng/ml, range 0.03-1.36 versus 0.06 ng/ml, range 0.03-0.46), but not on long-term follow-up (p = 0.0547; 0.14 ng/ml, range 0.03-0.73 versus 0.07 ng/ml, range 0.03-0.46). Lead type and severity of arrhythmia did not show a significant correlation to cTnI concentration. CONCLUSIONS On long-term follow-up, cTnI remained mildly elevated in some of the pacemaker dogs but was not significantly different to the matched control group.
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Novo G, Cadeddu C, Sucato V, Pagliaro P, Romano S, Tocchetti CG, Zito C, Longobardo L, Nodari S, Penco M. Role of biomarkers in monitoring antiblastic cardiotoxicity. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2017; 17 Suppl 1 Special issue on Cardiotoxicity from Antiblastic Drugs and Cardioprotection:e27-e34. [PMID: 27755240 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0000000000000379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Early detection of anticancer drug-induced cardiotoxicity (CTX) has been evaluated by most international scientific cardiology and oncology societies. High expectations have been placed on the use of specific biomarkers. In recent years, conventional biomarkers and molecules of more recent interest have been tested and compared in the context of anticancer drug-related CTX. Encouraging results were obtained from studies on molecules of myocardial damage, such as troponin and markers of myocardial wall stress, including circulating natriuretic peptides, as well as from the assessment of the products of inflammation or circulating levels of free radicals. However, clear guidelines on their sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy are not yet available, and many challenges, such as the optimal time of assessing, optimal schedule for evaluation, optimal cut-off point for positivity with the highest level of specificity, and optimal comparability of different assays for the measurements, remain unresolved. Given the importance of having a reliable and accurate tool for monitoring anticancer drug-induced CTX, this review will focus on the available data on the most effective and widely used biomarkers and the studies that are currently underway that aim to identify the effectiveness of new approaches in this therapeutic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Novo
- aDepartment of Internal Medicine and Specialties (DIBIMIS), Chair of Cardiology, University of Palermo, Palermo Italy bDepartment of Medical Sciences 'Mario Aresu', University of Cagliari, Cagliari Italy cDepartment of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano Italy dDepartment of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy eDepartment of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Napoli Federico II, Naples Italy fDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. Section of Cardiology, University of Messina, Messina Italy gDepartment of Clinical and Surgical Specialities, Radiological Sciences and Public Health University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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Nemmar A, Al-Salam S, Yuvaraju P, Beegam S, Yasin J, Ali BH. Chronic exposure to water-pipe smoke induces cardiovascular dysfunction in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2017; 312:H329-H339. [PMID: 27940964 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00450.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Water-pipe tobacco smoking is becoming prevalent in all over the world including Western countries. There are limited data on the cardiovascular effects of water-pipe smoke (WPS), in particular following chronic exposure. Here, we assessed the chronic cardiovascular effects of nose-only WPS exposure in C57BL/6 mice. The duration of the session was 30 minutes/day, 5 days/week for 6 consecutive months. Control mice were exposed to air. WPS significantly increased systolic blood pressure. The relative heart weight and plasma concentrations of troponin-I and B-type natriuretic peptide were increased in mice exposed to WPS. Arterial blood gas analysis showed that WPS caused a significant decrease in [Formula: see text] and an increase in [Formula: see text] WPS significantly shortened the thrombotic occlusion time in pial arterioles and venules and increased the number of circulating platelet. Cardiac lipid peroxidation, measured as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, was significantly increased, while superoxide dismutase activity, total nitric oxide activity, and glutathione concentration were reduced by WPS exposure. Likewise, immunohistochemical analysis of the heart revealed an increase in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cytochrome c by cardiomyocytes of WPS-exposed mice. Moreover, hearts of WPS-exposed mice showed the presence of focal interstitial fibrosis. WPS exposure significantly increased heart DNA damage assessed by Comet assay. We conclude that chronic nose-only exposure to WPS impairs cardiovascular homeostasis. Our findings provide evidence that long-term exposure to WPS is harmful to the cardiovascular system and supports interventions to control the spread of WPS, particularly amid youths.NEW & NOTEWORTHY No data are available on the chronic cardiovascular effects of water-pipe smoke (WPS). Our findings provide experimental evidence that chronic exposure to WPS increased blood pressure, relative heart weight, troponin I, and B-type natriuretic peptide in plasma and induced hypoxemia, hypercapnia, and thrombosis. Moreover, WPS caused cardiac oxidative stress, DNA damage, and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahim Nemmar
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Suhail Al-Salam
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Priya Yuvaraju
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sumaya Beegam
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Javed Yasin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates; and
| | - Badreldin H Ali
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khod, Sultanate of Oman
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Deng C, Zhang Q, Fu Y, Sun X, Gong T, Zhang Z. Coadministration of Oligomeric Hyaluronic Acid-Modified Liposomes with Tumor-Penetrating Peptide-iRGD Enhances the Antitumor Efficacy of Doxorubicin against Melanoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:1280-1292. [PMID: 28009503 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A safe and efficient tumor-targeting strategy based on oligomeric hyaluronic acid (HA) modification and coadministration of tumor-penetrating peptide-iRGD was successfully developed. In this study, common liposomes (cLip) were modified by oligomeric HA to obtain HA-Lip. After injection into rats, HA-Lip showed good stealth in the bloodstream and lower liver distribution compared with cLip. Moreover, our HA-Lip could be internalized into B16F10 cells (CD44-overexpressing tumor cells) through HA-CD44 interaction. After systemic administration to B16F10 melanoma-bearing mice, HA-Lip showed an increased distribution in tumor due to the prolonged blood circulation time and the enhanced penetration and retention effect. When coadministered with iRGD, the tumor penetration of HA-Lip was significantly enhanced, which could promote HA-Lip internalization by tumors cells located in deep tumor regions through receptor-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded HA-Lip coadministering with iRGD showed much better antitumor effect compared to DOX-loaded cLip and DOX-loaded cLip in combination with iRGD. In systemic toxicity test, DOX-loaded HA-Lip could significantly decrease the cardiotoxicity and myelosuppression of DOX. Taken together, our results demonstrated that coadministration of oligomeric HA-modified liposomes with iRGD could be a promising treatment strategy for targeted therapy of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caifeng Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Quan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College , Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery Systems, Ministry of Education, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University , Chengdu 610041, China
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Fonfara S, Sundermeyer J, Casamian Sorrosal D, Weber C, Rosenberger T. Usefulness of serum cardiac troponin I concentration as a marker of survival of harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups during rehabilitation. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2016; 249:1428-1435. [PMID: 27901450 DOI: 10.2460/javma.249.12.1428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To measure serum cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations in orphaned harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) pups at various points during rehabilitation in a seal rescue center and determine whether cTnI concentration was associated with survival during rehabilitation and duration of rehabilitation. DESIGN Serial cross-sectional study. ANIMALS Fifty-five 2- to 9-day-old harbor seal pups. PROCEDURES Blood samples for serum cTnI concentration measurement, CBC, and serum biochemical analysis were obtained from seal pups at admission into a seal rescue center, after 2 weeks of rehabilitation at the center, and prior to release. Serum cTnI concentrations were compared between seals that did or did not survive rehabilitation. RESULTS Median serum cTnI concentration was highest at admission (0.03 ng/mL). After 2 weeks, the median value was 0.01 ng/mL; prior to release, it was 0.01 ng/mL. Seal pups that were found to have died during or after rehabilitation (n = 7) had a significantly higher median serum cTnI concentration at admission (0.06 ng/mL) than did seal pups that survived rehabilitation (and for which the postrelease fate was unknown; 48; 0.03 ng/mL). No correlation was identified between serum cTnI concentration and duration of rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results of this study suggested some degree of myocardial injury was present in most of the orphaned seal pups admitted for rehabilitation. Measurement of serum cTnI concentration in seal pups at admission might provide prognostic information about their likelihood of survival during or after rehabilitation.
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Evaluation of microRNAs−208 and 133a/b as differential biomarkers of acute cardiac and skeletal muscle toxicity in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 312:53-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 11/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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WITHDRAWN: Curcumin modulates myotoxicity associated with sub-chronic use of atorvastatin in rats: A histopathological and biochemical analysis. Saudi Pharm J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Peng WJ, Xin RH, Luo YJ, Liang G, Ren LH, Liu Y, Wang GB, Zheng JF. EVALUATION OF THE ACUTE AND SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF Aster tataricus L. F. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2016; 13:38-53. [PMID: 28480359 PMCID: PMC5412200 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v13i6.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aster tataricus L. f. is used as a traditional Chinese drug to relieve cough and asthma symptoms and to eliminate phlegm. However, Aster tataricus L. f. possesses toxicity, and little systematic research has been conducted on its toxic effects in the laboratory. METHODS AND MATERIALS The acute group was administered 75% alcohol extract of Aster tataricus L. f. in a single dose. A subchronic toxicity study was performed via daily oral administration of Aster tataricus L. f. at a dose of 0.34 g/kg body weight in SD rats. The rats were divided into six groups: a petroleum ether extract (PEA) group, an ethyl acetate extract (EEA) group, an n-butyl alcohol extract (NEA) group, a remaining lower aqueous phases (REA) group, a 75% alcohol extract (AEA) group and a control group. Quantitative measurements of cytokines were obtained by fluorescence with a laser scanner using a Cy3 equivalent dye. RESULTS The LD50 of the 75% alcohol extract of Aster tataricus L. f. was 15.74 g/kg bw. In the subchronic toxicity study, no significant differences were observed among groups in relative organ weights, urine traits, liver antioxidase levels, or cytokine levels. However, significant sporadic differences were observed in body weight gains, haematology indices, biochemistry values, and histopathology features in PEA, EEA group. In addition, sporadic changes in other groups in measures such as WBC, MCHC, CK, ALP, AST, ALT, LDH, T-BIL, LDL-C, HDL-C, and TC were observed. CONCLUSION The toxicity study showed that Aster tataricus L. f. can produce toxic effects, mainly on the liver; much less on the heart. The LD50 was 15.74 g/kg BW in mice, and the subchronic toxicity study, used a dosage of 0.34 g/kg/d.BW, showed that the toxic components of Aster tataricus L. f. were mainly concentrated in the petroleum ether fraction, followed by the ethyl acetate fraction, the n-butyl alcohol fraction, the lower aqueous phase and the 75% ethanol extracts. Abbreviations: PEA, petroleum ether extract of Aster tataricus L. f.; EEA, ethyl acetate extract of Aster tataricus L. f.; NEA: n-butyl alcohol extract of Aster tataricus L. f.; REA: lower aqueous phases of Aster tataricus L. f.; AEA, 75% alcohol extract of Aster tataricus L. f.; WBC, white blood cell; RBC, red blood cell, PLT, platelet; HCT, haematocrit; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; HGB, haemoglobin; MCH, mean corpuscular haemoglobin; MCHC, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration; CREA, creatinine; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; T-BIL, total bilirubin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; TP, total protein; ALB, albumin; Glu, glucose; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; CK, creatine kinase; GSH, Glutathione; MDA, malondialdehyde; T-SOD, total superoxide dismutase; TNF, tumour necrosis factor; IFN, interferon; MCP, monocyte chemotactic protein C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jing Peng
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Rui-Hua Xin
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Yong-Jiang Luo
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Ge Liang
- Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu 610066, PR China
| | - Li-Hua Ren
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Gui-Bo Wang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
| | - Ji-Fang Zheng
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of Gansu Province, Engineering & Technology Research Center of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine of Gansu Province, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Lanzhou 730050, PR China
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