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Casanova AG, Hinojosa MG, Chamorro-López C, Martín-Reina J, Aguilera-Velázquez R, Bautista JD, Morales AI, Moreno IM. Oxidative stress and renal status of farmers exposed to pesticides in Seville (Spain). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 951:175180. [PMID: 39117220 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The aim was to determine whether indirect exposure to pesticides, specifically a copper-based fungicide, induces alterations in oxidative stress and subclinical and early kidney biomarkers in male farmers tasked with olives harvesting. Furthermore, we tested whether sex influences the susceptibility to pesticide-induced renal damage by comparing the results of this study with those obtained previously. The study focused on olive farmers (n = 41) indirectly exposed to copper-based fungicides in Estepa (Sevilla, Spain), comparing them with a control group (n = 32). Blood samples were analyzed for metal concentrations (Cu, Mn, Se, and Zn), lipid peroxidation (MDA), protein oxidation (carbonyl groups), and antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and CAT) while urine samples were assessed for biomarkers of early kidney damage (NGAL, KIM-1, transferrin, IGFBP7, TIMP-2). Although no significant, a tendency to increase lipid and protein oxidation was observed, together with the activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT, and a decrease in total antioxidants. Moreover, an increase in urinary NGAL and IGFBP7 among pesticide-exposed farmers suggests potential underdiagnosis of kidney damage. Farmers exhibit a subtle tendency to oxidative stress compared to control, while metal levels are significantly lower in farmers, suggesting potential compensatory responses. Furthermore, biomarkers for early kidney damage are elevated, emphasizing their vulnerability in both sexes. These findings highlight the need for investigations of renal health in pesticide-exposed farmers for preventative measures and regular health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo G Casanova
- Toxicology Unit, Universidad de Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
| | - María G Hinojosa
- Toxicology Unit, Department of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Carmen Chamorro-López
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology, and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Martín-Reina
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology, and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Raúl Aguilera-Velázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Juan D Bautista
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana I Morales
- Toxicology Unit, Universidad de Salamanca, Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Isabel M Moreno
- Department of Nutrition and Bromatology, Toxicology, and Legal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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2
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Liu X, Bian DD, Jiang Q, Jiang JJ, Jin Y, Chen FX, Zhang DZ, Liu QN, Tang BP, Dai LS. Insights into chlorantraniliprole exposure via activating cytochrome P450-mediated xenobiotic metabolism pathway in the Procambarus clarkii: Identification of P450 genes involved in detoxification. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:134231. [PMID: 39074699 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the impact of chlorantraniliprole on Procambarus clarkii, acute toxicity tests were performed. Results indicated that 96 h post-exposure to chlorantraniliprole (60 mg/L) led to the separation of the hepatopancreas basement membrane, causing cell swelling, rupture, and vacuolation. Moreover, acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activities exhibited divergent trends across four concentrations of chlorantraniliprole (0, 30, 60, and 90 mg/L). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and catalase (CAT) levels significantly increased, while total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) activities decreased, indicating oxidative stress in the hepatopancreas. A total of 276 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, with 204 up-regulated and 72 down-regulated. Out of these, 114 DEGs were successfully annotated and classified into 99 pathways, with a primary focus on the cytochrome P450-mediated xenobiotic metabolism pathway. The DEGs enriched in this pathway, along with transcriptome data, were validated using quantitative-polymerase chain reaction. This study enhances the transcriptome database of P. clarkii and provides fundamental insights into its immune defense and antioxidant mechanisms. Additionally, it lays a theoretical foundation for future research on disease prevention in P. clarkii within rice-shrimp culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Aquaculture and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan-Dan Bian
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China; Anhui Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Biology and Innovative Utilization, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Jie Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Aquaculture and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan-Xing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China
| | - Dai-Zhen Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Ning Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo-Ping Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Jiangsu Synthetic Innovation Center for Coastal Bio-agriculture, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, School of Wetlands, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224007, People's Republic of China.
| | - Li-Shang Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Jing M, Han G, Wan J, Zong W, Liu R. Differential eco-toxicological responses toward Eisenia fetida exposed to soil contaminated with naphthalene and typical metabolites. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:44800-44814. [PMID: 38954347 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34149-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Naphthalene (NAP) was frequently detected in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)-contaminated soil, and its residues may pose an eco-toxicological threat to soil organisms. The toxic effects of NAP were closely tied to phenolic and quinone metabolites in biological metabolism. However, the present knowledge concerning the eco-toxicological impacts of NAP metabolites at the animal level is scanty. Here, we assessed the differences in the eco-toxicological responses of Eisenia fetida (E. fetida) in NAP, 1-naphthol (1-NAO) or 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ) contaminated soils. NAP, 1-NAO, and 1,4-NQ exposure triggered the onset of oxidative stress as evidenced by the destruction of the antioxidant enzyme system. The lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidative damage levels induced by 1-NAO and 1,4-NQ were higher than those of NAP. The elevation of DNA damage varied considerably depending on differences in oxidative stress and the direct mode of action of NAP or its metabolites with DNA. All three toxicants induced different degrees of physiological damage to the body wall, but only 1, 4-NQ caused the shedding of intestinal epithelial cells. The integrated biomarker response for different exposure times illustrated that the comprehensive toxicity at the animal level was 1,4-NQ > 1-NAO > NAP, and the time-dependent trends of oxidative stress responses induced by the three toxicants were similar. At the initial stage, the antioxidant system of E. fetida responded positively to the provocation, but the ability of E. fetida to resist stimulation decreased with the prolongation of time resulting in provocation oxidative damage. This study would provide new insights into the toxicological effects and biohazard of PAHs on soil animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Jing
- Shandong Urban Construction Vocational College, 4657# Tourism Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P.R. China
| | - Guangye Han
- Shandong Academy of Environmental Sciences Co., Ltd, Licheng, 12777# Zhenyuan Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P.R. China
| | - Jingqiang Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, P.R. China
| | - Wansong Zong
- College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 88# East Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong, China
| | - Rutao Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, America CRC for Environment & Health, Shandong University, 72# Jimo Binhai Road, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, P.R. China.
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Küçükler S, Çelik O, Özdemir S, Aydın Ş, Çomaklı S, Dalkılınç E. Effects of rutin against deltamethrin-induced testicular toxicity in rats: Biochemical, molecular, and pathological studies. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114562. [PMID: 38432437 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Orhan Çelik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Selçuk Özdemir
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Şeyma Aydın
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Selim Çomaklı
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Elif Dalkılınç
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
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5
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Liang Z, Xu Q, Chen X, Xiao J, Gao Q, Cao H, Liao M. Ecological Toxicity of Cyantraniliprole against Procambarus clarkii: Histopathology, Oxidative Stress, and Intestinal Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:3363-3373. [PMID: 38324778 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Cyantraniliprole is a novel insecticide recently introduced for rice pest control that may cause potential threats to the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) in rice-crayfish coculture systems. In this study, we investigated the acute toxicity of cyantraniliprole against P. clarkii with a LC50 value of 149.77 mg/L (96 h), first. Some abnormal behaviors of P. clarkii treated with 125 mg/L cyantraniliprole, including incunabular hyperexcitability, imbalance, inactivity, and increased excretion were observed. Moreover, it was observed that exposure to 5 mg/L cyantraniliprole for 14 days resulted in histopathological alterations in abdominal muscle, gills, hepatopancreas, and intestines. Furthermore, exposure to 0.05 and 5 mg/L cyantraniliprole induced increased activities of several oxidative stress-related enzymes, which was verified by the upregulation of related genes. Additionally, dysregulation of the intestinal microbiota was determined via 16S rRNA sequencing. These results will provide the basis for the utilization of cyantraniliprole in the fields of rice-crayfish integrated system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Liang
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Jinjing Xiao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Quan Gao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Haiqun Cao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Min Liao
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Engineering Laboratory for Green Pesticide Development and Application, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
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Zanchi MM, Marafon F, Marins K, Bagatini MD, Zamoner A. Redox imbalance and inflammation: A link to depression risk in brazilian pesticide-exposed farmers. Toxicology 2024; 501:153706. [PMID: 38097130 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to elucidate the mechanisms linking occupational pesticide exposure to depression among rural workers from Maravilha, Brazil. We assessed the mental health, oxidative, and inflammatory profiles of farmers exposed to pesticides (N = 28) and compared them to an urban control group without occupational exposure to pesticides (N = 25). Data on sociodemographic, occupational history, and clinical records were collected. Emotional states were evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Biochemical, hematological, inflammatory, and redox parameters were examined in blood samples from both groups. Results showed educational disparities between groups and unveiled a concerning underutilization of personal protective equipment (PPEs) among farmers. Glyphosate was the predominant pesticide used by farmers. Farmers exhibited higher BDI scores, including more severe cases of depression. Additionally, elevated levels of creatinine, ALT, AST, and LDH were observed in farmers, suggesting potential renal and hepatic issues due to pesticide exposure. Oxidative stress markers, such as increased lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, along with decreased catalase (CAT) activity and ascorbic acid levels, were noted in the pesticide-exposed group compared to controls. Elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, were also observed in pesticide-exposed group. Our findings suggest that inflammation, oxidative distress and lower educational levels may be associated with depression in pesticide-exposed farmers. This study highlights the impact of occupational pesticide exposure on the mental health of rural workers. The underuse of PPEs and the link between depressive symptoms, inflammation, and oxidative stress underscore the urgent need for improved safety measures in agricultural practices. Addressing these issues will contribute to a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between environmental exposures and mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Magalhães Zanchi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88037-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Filomena Marafon
- Laboratory of Cell Culture, Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, 89815-899 SC, Brazil
| | - Katiuska Marins
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88037-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88037-000 SC, Brazil
| | - Ariane Zamoner
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Cell Signaling, Department of Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88037-000 SC, Brazil.
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Alves AA, Laurinho K, Franco FC, de Araujo Nascimento F, Nunes HF, de Melo E Silva D. The Incidence of the XRCC1 rs25487 and PON1 rs662 Polymorphisms in a Population from Central Brazil: Patterns in an Area with a High Level of Agricultural Activity. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:1675-1703. [PMID: 36725786 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In Brazil, high levels of agricultural activity are reflected in the consumption of enormous amounts of pesticides. The production of grain in Brazil has been estimated at 289.8 million tons in the 2022 harvest, an expansion of 14.7% compared with 2021. These advances are likely associated with a progressive increase in the occupational exposure of a population to pesticides. The Paraoxonase 1 gene (PON1) is involved in liver detoxification; the rs662 variant of this gene modifies the activity of the enzyme. The repair of pesticide-induced genetic damage depends on the protein produced by the X-Ray Repair Cross-Complementing Group 1 gene (XRCC). Its function is impaired due to an rs25487 variant. The present study describes the frequencies of the rs662 and rs25487 and their haplotypes in a sample population from Goiás, Brazil. It compares the frequencies with other populations worldwide to verify the variation in the distribution of these SNPs, with 494 unrelated individuals in the state of Goiás. The A allele of the rs25487 variant had a frequency of 26% in the Goiás population, and the modified rs662 G allele had a frequency of 42.8%. Four haplotypes were recorded for the rs25487 (G > A) and rs662 (A > G) markers, with a frequency of 11.9% being recorded for the A-G haplotype (both modified alleles), 30.8% for the G-G haplotype, 14.3% for the A-A haplotype, and 42.8% for the G-A haplotype (both wild-type alleles). We demonstrated the distribution of important SNPs associated with pesticide exposure in an area with a high agricultural activity level, Central Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Arruda Alves
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Késsia Laurinho
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Craveiro Franco
- Animal Virology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Pathology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Felipe de Araujo Nascimento
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Hugo Freire Nunes
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Go, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Go, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biodiversity, Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Go, Brazil.
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Campus Samambaia, Genetics Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Estrada do Campus, s/n, Goiania, GO, CEP: 74690900, Brazil.
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da Silva RGS, Ferreira MO, Komori IMS, Oliveira HRM, Machado MG, Orrutea JFG, Alves FM, dos Santos Jaques H, da Silva JC, de Souza JA, Rech D, Panis C. Brief research report pesticide occupational exposure leads to significant inflammatory changes in normal mammary breast tissue. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1229422. [PMID: 37780419 PMCID: PMC10538633 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1229422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have documented the high occurrence of several tumors, including female breast cancer, in populations occupationally exposed to pesticides worldwide. It is believed that in addition to direct DNA damage, other molecular alterations that indicate genomic instability are associated, such as epigenetic modifications and the production of inflammation mediators. The present study characterized the profile of inflammatory changes in the breast tissue of women without cancer occupationally exposed to pesticides. In samples of normal breast tissue collected during biopsy and evaluated as negative for cancer by a pathologist, oxidative stress levels were assessed as inflammatory markers through measurements of lipoperoxides and total antioxidant capacity of the sample (TRAP) by high-sensitivity chemiluminescence, as well as levels of nitric oxide (NOx) metabolites. The levels of inflammation-modulating transcription factors PPAR-γ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma) and NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa B) were also quantified, in addition to the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 12 (IL-12). The levels of lipoperoxides, TRAP, and NOx were significantly lower in the exposed group. On the other hand, PPAR-γ levels were increased in the breast tissue of exposed women, with no variation in NF-κB. There was also a rise of TNF-α in exposed women samples without significant variations in IL-12 levels. These findings suggest an inflammatory signature of the breast tissue associated with pesticide exposure, which may trigger mechanisms related to mutations and breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariane Okamoto Ferreira
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Isabella Mitsu Suo Komori
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Murilo Galvani Machado
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Hellen dos Santos Jaques
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Janaína Carla da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Janoário Athanazio de Souza
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Unioeste, Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, Brazil
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9
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Alarcón R, Giménez B, Hernández AF, López-Villén A, Parrón T, García-González J, Requena M. Occupational exposure to pesticides as a potential risk factor for epilepsy. Neurotoxicology 2023; 96:166-173. [PMID: 37121439 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2023.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures. In a previous study we found that environmental exposure to pesticides was associated with a greater risk of epilepsy. The present study examined possible occupational risk factors that may contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy in farmers and pesticide applicators (sprayers). A case-referent study was conducted on 19,704 individuals over a 17-year study period (2000-2016). Epilepsy cases (n = 5091) were collected from Hospital records and referents (non-epilepsy cases, n = 14.613) from the Centre for Prevention of Occupational Risks, both from Almería (South-Eastern Spain). A significant increased risk of having epilepsy was found in farmers working in intensive agriculture (high-yield greenhouse crops) compared to extensive agriculture (open-air crops). The risk was greater for farmers residing in rural areas with high pesticide use (intensive farming crops in plastic greenhouses) and for those not wearing protective gloves. As for sprayers, the greatest risk of epilepsy was observed in those not wearing face mask, and in those living in areas with high pesticide use (greenhouse intensive agriculture). Overall, this study supports previous findings on the association between epilepsy and pesticide exposure in the general population, and extends the risk to farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides, mainly those engaged in intensive agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Alarcón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Belén Giménez
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, 18016 Granada, Spain; Institute of Biomedical Research, Granada (Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria) ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain; Center for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health Network (CIBER en Epidemiología y Salud Pública), CIBERESP, Spain.
| | | | - Tesifón Parrón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain; Andalusian Council of Health at Almería Province, 04009 Almería, Spain
| | | | - Mar Requena
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, 04120 Almería, Spain
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10
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Rauchman SH, Locke B, Albert J, De Leon J, Peltier MR, Reiss AB. Toxic External Exposure Leading to Ocular Surface Injury. Vision (Basel) 2023; 7:vision7020032. [PMID: 37092465 PMCID: PMC10123707 DOI: 10.3390/vision7020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The surface of the eye is directly exposed to the external environment, protected only by a thin tear film, and may therefore be damaged by contact with ambient particulate matter, liquids, aerosols, or vapors. In the workplace or home, the eye is subject to accidental or incidental exposure to cleaning products and pesticides. Organic matter may enter the eye and cause infection. Ocular surface damage can trigger a range of symptoms such as itch, discharge, hyperemia, photophobia, blurred vision, and foreign body sensation. Toxin exposure can be assessed clinically in multiple ways, including via measurement of tear production, slit-lamp examination, corneal staining, and conjunctival staining. At the cellular level, environmental toxins can cause oxidative damage, apoptosis of corneal and conjunctival cells, cell senescence, and impaired motility. Outcomes range from transient and reversible with complete healing to severe and sight-compromising structural changes. Classically, evaluation of tolerance and safety was carried out using live animal testing; however, new in vitro and computer-based, in silico modes are superseding the gold standard Draize test. This review examines how environmental features such as pollutants, temperature, and seasonality affect the ocular surface. Chemical burns to the eye are considered, and approaches to protect the ocular surface are detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brandon Locke
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Jacqueline Albert
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Joshua De Leon
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
| | - Morgan R. Peltier
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Neptune, NJ 07753, USA
| | - Allison B. Reiss
- Department of Medicine and Biomedical Research Institute, NYU Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY 11501, USA
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11
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Tian X, Xu P, Sun K, Ren N. Acute toxic effects of microcystin-LR on crayfish (Procambarus clarkii): Insights from antioxidant system, histopathology and intestinal flora. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:56608-56619. [PMID: 36918491 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26171-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To study the toxic effects of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) on crayfish, adult male Procambarus clarkii were exposed to different concentrations of MC-LR for 96 h. In the meantime, the accumulation characteristics of MC-LR and the alternations of antioxidant system, histopathology and intestinal flora of P. clarkii were investigated. The results demonstrated that the hepatopancreas, gills and intestines of P. clarkii could effectively accumulate MC-LR. Antioxidant-related genes such as Mn-sod, cat, gst, gpx, mt and hsp70 showed different expression trends in different organs to respond to MC-LR-induced oxidative stress. MC-LR led to histological changes in the hepatopancreas, gills and intestines, thus affecting their corresponding physiological functions. Additionally, the abundances of bacterial phyla including Firmicutes and Planctomycetes and genera including Dysgonomonas, Brevundimonas and Anaerorhabdus in the intestine were significantly changed after MC-LR exposure, and the disruption of intestinal flora might further cause abnormal intestinal microbial metabolism and genetics in P. clarkii. This study provides novel mechanistic insights into the toxic impacts of microcystins on aquatic crustaceans. HIGHLIGHTS: • MC-LR was significantly accumulated in the hepatopancreas, gills and intestines of P. clarkii. • MC-LR induced the differential expression of antioxidant-related genes of P. clarkii. • MC-LR caused histological alterations in the hepatopancreas, gills and intestines of P. clarkii. • MC-LR affected the intestinal microbial composition and function of P. clarkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Resource Sustainable Utilization for Jilin Province Commodity Grain Bases, College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zheyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xing Tian
- Department of Engineering Management, Suzhou Institute of Construction & Communications, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Pianpian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Kai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
| | - Nanqi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
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12
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Ventura-Miranda MI, Fernández-Medina IM, Guillén-Romera E, Ortíz-Amo R, Ruíz-Fernández MD. Effect of Gestational Pesticide Exposure on the Child's Respiratory System: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15418. [PMID: 36430137 PMCID: PMC9690583 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, concern has arisen worldwide about the potential adverse effects that could result from early-life exposure to pesticides. Asthma, bronchitis, and persistent cough in children have been linked to gestational exposure to pesticides. The respiratory effects of gestational exposure to pesticides are controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between pesticide exposure in pregnant women and its effect on the respiratory system of their children. METHODS A narrative review was carried out by means of a search in the main databases. RESULTS Findings of studies confirmed the effects of pesticides on the child's health. These substances cross the placenta and become transmitters of exposure to the individual at the most sensitive stage of her development. CONCLUSIONS Chronic exposure to pesticides in fetuses is associated with chronic respiratory symptoms and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rocío Ortíz-Amo
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
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13
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Costa C, Teodoro M, Giambò F, Catania S, Vivarelli S, Fenga C. Assessment of Mancozeb Exposure, Absorbed Dose, and Oxidative Damage in Greenhouse Farmers. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191710486. [PMID: 36078202 PMCID: PMC9518406 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mancozeb (MNZ) is a fungicide commonly employed in many countries worldwide. This study assesses MNZ absorption dynamics in 19 greenhouse farmers, specifically following dermal exposure, aiming to verify the efficacy of both preventive actions and protective equipment. For data collection, a multi-assessment approach was used, which included a survey to record study population features. MNZ exposure was assessed through the indirect measurement of ethylene thiourea (ETU), widely employed as an MNZ biomarker. The ETU concentration was measured with the patch method, detecting environmental ETU trapped in filter paper pads, applied both on skin and working clothes, during the 8 h work shift. Urine and serum end-of-shift samples were also collected to measure ETU concentrations and well-known oxidative stress biomarkers, respectively, namely reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), and biological antioxidant potential (BAP). It was observed that levels of ETU absorbed and ETU excreted were positively correlated. Additionally, working clothes effectively protected workers from MNZ exposure. Moreover, following stratification of the samples based on the specific working duty (i.e., preparation and spreading of MNZ and manipulation of MNZ-treated seedlings), it was found that the spreading group had higher ETU-related risk, despite lower chronic exposure levels. AOPP and ROM serum levels were higher in MNZ-exposed subjects compared with non-exposed controls, whereas BAP levels were significantly lower. Such results support an increase in the oxidative stress upon 8 h MNZ exposure at work. In particular, AOPP levels demonstrated a potential predictive role, as suggested by the contingency analysis results. Overall, this study, although conducted in a small group, confirms that ETU detection in pads, as well as in urine, might enable assessment of the risk associated with MNZ exposure in greenhouse workers. Additionally, the measurement of circulating oxidative stress biomarkers might help to stratify exposed workers based on their sensitivity to MNZ. Pivotally, the combination of both ETU measurement and biological monitoring might represent a novel valuable combined approach for risk assessment in farmhouse workers exposed to pesticides. In the future, these observations will help to implement effective preventive strategies in the workplace for workers at higher risk, including greenhouse farmers who are exposed to pesticides daily, as well as to clarify the occupational exposure levels to ETU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Giambò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Stefania Catania
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Vivarelli
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Imaging, Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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14
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Scandolara TB, Valle SF, Esteves C, Scherer NDM, de Armas EM, Furtado C, Gomes R, Boroni M, Jaques HDS, Alves FM, Rech D, Panis C, Bonvicino CR. Somatic DNA Damage Response and Homologous Repair Gene Alterations and Its Association With Tumor Variant Burden in Breast Cancer Patients With Occupational Exposure to Pesticides. Front Oncol 2022; 12:904813. [PMID: 35875117 PMCID: PMC9305859 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Homologous recombination is a crucial pathway that is specialized in repairing double-strand breaks; thus, alterations in genes of this pathway may lead to loss of genomic stability and cell growth suppression. Pesticide exposure potentially increases cancer risk through several mechanisms, such as the genotoxicity caused by chronic exposure, leading to gene alteration. To analyze this hypothesis, we investigated if breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides present a different mutational pattern in genes related to homologous recombination (BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, and RAD51D) and damage-response (TP53) concerning unexposed patients. We performed multiplex PCR-based assays and next-generation sequencing (NGS) of all coding regions and flanking splicing sites of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, TP53, and RAD51D in 158 unpaired tumor samples from breast cancer patients on MiSeq (Illumina) platform. We found that exposed patients had tumors with more pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants than unexposed patients (p = 0.017). In general, tumors that harbored a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant had a higher mutational burden (p < 0.001). We also observed that breast cancer patients exposed to pesticides had a higher mutational burden when diagnosed before 50 years old (p = 0.00978) and/or when carrying BRCA1 (p = 0.0138), BRCA2 (p = 0.0366), and/or PALB2 (p = 0.00058) variants, a result not found in the unexposed group. Our results show that pesticide exposure impacts the tumor mutational landscape and could be associated with the carcinogenesis process, therapy response, and disease progression. Further studies should increase the observation period in exposed patients to better evaluate the impact of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalita Basso Scandolara
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sara Ferreira Valle
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Esteves
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nicole de Miranda Scherer
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elvismary Molina de Armas
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Informatics, Pontificia Universidade Católica (PUC)-Rio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carolina Furtado
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renan Gomes
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Boroni
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Mara Alves
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Daniel Rech
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
- Francisco Beltrão Cancer Hospital, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Carolina Panis
- Laboratory of Tumor Biology, State University of West Paraná, Francisco Beltrão, Brazil
| | - Cibele Rodrigues Bonvicino
- Department of Genetics, Biology Institute, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Division of Genetics, Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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15
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Kim J, Chun BJ, Moon JM, Cho Y. Prognostic value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of neurotoxicity after glufosinate ammonium poisoning. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:511-519. [PMID: 35164661 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2040670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neurotoxicity related to glufosinate ammonium is known to occur after a latent period of 4-60 hr following ingestion of this herbicide. However, neurotoxicity is difficult to predict in the emergency department (ED) and only a few parameters are known to be useful to indicate development of neurotoxicity. Determination of a systemic inflammation parameter such as the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), is a rapid and simple method which was found to be a prognostic marker in various clinical conditions such as sepsis, cardiac disorders, stroke, and cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine whether the NLR might predict neurotoxicity and be used at ED to detect neurotoxicity induced following glufosinate ammonium poisoning in admitted patients. This retrospective observational study collected data from consecutive patients diagnosed with acute glufosinate ammonium poisoning between January 2005 and December 2020. The primary outcome was development of neurotoxicity following acute glufosinate ammonium poisoning. Out of the 72 patients selected 44 patients (61.1%) exhibited neurotoxic symptoms. Neurotoxicity appeared with an approximate latent period of 12 hr. The NLR was significantly higher in the group displaying neurotoxicity. Multivariable analysis showed that the NLR was significant in predicting neurotoxicity. The NLR was independently associated with neurotoxicity initiated by glufosinate ammonium. Therefore, the use of the NLR might help clinically to readily and rapidly predict development of neurotoxicity associated with glufosinate ammonium at the ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joochan Kim
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong Jo Chun
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Mi Moon
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Cho
- Department of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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16
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Xie Y, Chang J, Pan Y, Hao W, Li J. Toxicological effects of acute prothioconazole and prothioconazole-desthio administration on liver in male Chinese lizards (Eremias argus). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132825. [PMID: 34762875 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prothioconazole (PTC) is a high effective systemic fungicide, and one of its major metabolites is prothioconazole-desthio (PTC-d). Because of its wildly use in the farmland of China, the local eco-toxicological effects of PTC as well as PTC-d are needed to be concerned. This study investigated hepatoxicity of Chinese lizards (Eremias argus), a local non-target organism, after single dose oral treated (100 mg kg-1 BW) through pathological, enzyme activity and gene expression analysis. PTC treatment caused ballooning and PTC-d treatment led to macrovesicular steatosis of hepatocyte. The elevation of serum indexes, including the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), further confirmed the hepatic injury. PTC and PTC-d treatments altered oxidative status reflected by the inhibition of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity , meanwhile, the stimulation of catalase (CAT) activity, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The mRNA expression changes of apoptosis-related factors and cytokines genes, including Bax, Bcl-2, TNF-α, NF-κB, Caspase-3 and Nrf2, deeply uncovered the potential mechanism of hepatotoxicity caused by PTC and PTC-d. In brief, the results indicated that both of these two compounds altered oxidative status, then were likely to trigger caspase-3 by affecting the ratio of pro- and anti-apoptotic factors which belong to intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Specifically, more serious impacts were induced by PTC-d than its parent compound. This study is the first to provide specific insight into potential hepatotoxicity resulted from PTC and PTC-d in male Chinese lizards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xie
- Institute of Food Safety, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, 100176, China; Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Jing Chang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yifan Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Weiyu Hao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing RD 18, Beijing, 100085, China
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17
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Wang Y, Chen C, Yang G, Wang X, Wang Q, Weng H, Zhang Z, Qian Y. Combined lethal toxicity, biochemical responses, and gene expression variations induced by tebuconazole, bifenthrin and their mixture in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 230:113116. [PMID: 34979316 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.113116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pesticides commonly occur as mixtures in an aqueous environment, causing deleterious effects on human health and the environment. However, the mechanism underlying the combined effects on aqueous organisms remains largely unknown, especially at low concentrations. In the current study, we inspected the interactive toxicity of tebuconazole (TEB), a triazole fungicide, and bifenthrin (BIF), a pyrethroid insecticide, to zebrafish (Danio rerio) using various toxicological assays. Our data revealed that the 96 h-LC50 (lethal concentration 50) values of BIF to fish at different life periods (embryonic, larval, juvenile, and adult periods) ranged from 0.013 (0.011-0.016) to 0.41 (0.35-0.48) mg a.i. L-1, which were lower than that of TEB ranging from 1.1 (0.88-1.3) to 4.8 (4.1-5.7) mg a.i. L-1. Combination of TEB and BIF induced synergetic acute toxicity to embryonic fish. Activities of T-SOD, POD, and GST were distinctly altered in most individual and joint administrations. Expressions of 16 genes associated with oxidative stress, cellular apoptosis, immune system, and endocrine system at the mRNA level were evaluated, and the information revealed that embryonic zebrafish were impacted by both individual compounds and their combinations. Six genes (cas9, P53, gr, TRα, IL-8, and cxcl-clc) exhibited greater changes when exposed to pesticide mixtures. Therefore, the joint effects induced by the pesticides at low concentrations should be considered in the risk assessment of mixtures and regulated as priorities for mixture risk management in the aqueous ecosystem. More research is needed to identify the threshold concentrations of the realistic pesticide mixtures above which synergistic interactions occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Guiling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongbiao Weng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Product Quality and Safety of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
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18
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Xue W, Zhang Y, Wei W. Single and binary-combined toxic effects of acetochlor and Cu 2+ on goldfish (Carassius auratus) larvae. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 250:109165. [PMID: 34416384 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Acetochlor and copper are common freshwater pollutants and pose a severe threat to aquatic animals. The toxicity of acetochlor (Ac) and Cu2+ toward goldfish larvae was investigated by subjecting the larvae to different concentrations of acetochlor, Cu2+, and mixed solutions for 1, 3, and 7 days. The length of goldfish larvae exposed to the 100 μg/L Ac + 100 μg/L Cu2+ mixed solution was considerably lower than that of the control on day 3, but there were no significant differences among the other groups. The heart rates of the larvae in 100 μg/L Ac + 100 μg/L Cu2+ mixed solution were higher than those of the control group on days 3 and 7. Acetochlor and Cu2+ also caused severe damage to the liver and intestine of the larvae, especially in the 100 μg/L Ac + 100 μg/L Cu2+ mixed solution group. Indicators related to oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and total superoxide dismutase) that could potentially be induced by acetochlor or Cu2+ began to increase on day 7, and the enzyme activities of the larvae in the mixed groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. In contrast, the expression levels of the genes related to antioxidant stress were rapidly down-regulated in all groups on the 7th day after exposure. Briefly, the combined toxicity of acetochlor and Cu2+ was stronger than that of the single toxicity treatments. Furthermore, toxicity toward larvae in the mixed solution group (100 μg/L Ac + 100 μg/L Cu2+) was more obvious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenzhi Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China.
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19
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Wang T, Zhang H, Li L, Zhang W, Wang Q, Wang W. Plasma cholinesterase activity is influenced by interactive effect between omethoate exposure and CYP2E1 polymorphisms. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2021; 56:477-482. [PMID: 33872129 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2021.1911517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the association between metabolizing enzyme gene polymorphisms and the decrease in cholinesterase activity induced by omethoate exposure. A total of 180 workers exposed to omethoate over an extended period were recruited along with 115 healthy controls. Cholinesterase activity in whole blood, erythrocyte, and plasma was detected using acetylthiocholine and the dithio-bis-(nitrobenzoic acid) method. Six polymorphic loci of GSTT1(+/-), GSTM1(+/-), GSTP1 rs1695, CYP2E1 rs6413432, CYP2E1 rs3813867, and PON2 rs12026 were detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The gene-environment interactions were analyzed using the generalized linear model method. The cholinesterase activity of erythrocyte and plasma in the exposure group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.001) in general. The plasma cholinesterase activity in the TT + AT genotype in CYP2E1 rs6413432 was lower than that in the AA genotype in the exposure group (P = 0.016). Interaction between the AA genotype in CYP2E1 rs6413432 and omethoate exposure had a significant effect on plasma cholinesterase activity (P = 0.079). The decrease in plasma cholinesterase activity was associated with interaction between the AA genotypes in rs6413432 and omethoate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuanwei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Clinical Department, Zhengzhou Institute of Occupational Health, Zhengzhou, P.R. China
| | - Wenjuan Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
- Applied Molecular Oncology, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Disease, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
- The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China
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Zhou X, Li X, Wei W, Duan X, Zhang H, Ding M, Yao W, Wang Q, Wang W, Yang Y. Association between genetic polymorphisms of telomere pathway genes and hydrogen peroxide level in omethoate exposure workers. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 82:103541. [PMID: 33161111 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2020.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the association between genetic variations in telomere pathway genes and the level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in omethoate exposure workers. METHODS A total of 180 omethoate exposure workers and 115 healthy controls were recruited. The level of H2O2 in plasma was determined with molybdenic acid colorimetry. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length was used to detect polymorphisms in POT1 rs1034794, POT1 rs10250202, TERF1 rs3863242, and TERT rs2736098. RESULTS The level of H2O2 in exposure group (4.26 ± 0.71) was significantly higher than that in control group (3.29 ± 0.46). Generalized linear models indicated that risk factors for the increase H2O2 level were exposure [β(95 % CI) = 0.951 (0.806, 1.096), P < 0.001] and AA + AT genotype in POT1 rs034794 [β(95 % CI) = 0.397 (0.049, 0.745), P = 0.025]. CONCLUSION The increase H2O2 level was associated with omethoate exposure and AA + AT genotypes in POT1 gene rs1034794. It provided a new idea that polymorphisms in telomere pathway genes may indirectly regulate telomere length by influencing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoshan Zhou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinling Li
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wan Wei
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoran Duan
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingcui Ding
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wu Yao
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Diseases, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China; The Key Laboratory of Nanomedicine and Health Inspection of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yongli Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.
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21
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Abdel-Shafy EA. Antioxidant status in pesticides-exposed agricultural workers. Toxicology 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819092-0.00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Saad-Hussein A, Taha MM. Epigenetic study of global gene methylation in PON1, XRCC1 and GSTs different genotypes in rural and urban pesticide exposed workers. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 17:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2019-0166/jcim-2019-0166.xml. [PMID: 32543462 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Epigenetic represents a study of occurred heritable gene expression changes without changing in the DNA sequence. It includes DNA methylation and miRNA expression that attract increasing attention as potential links between the genetic and environmental determinants of health and disease. Pesticide exposure is associated with adverse health effects and DNA methylation due to oxidative stress induced following its exposure. This study aimed to define the association of genetic polymorphisms of XRCC1, PON1, GSTP1 and GST genes with global genes DNA methylation in urban and rural occupationally pesticides exposed workers. Methods This study included 100 pesticides exposed workers; 50 rural sprayers (RE) and 50 urban researchers (UE). Controls included equal numbers. DNA methylation of global genes was evaluated by pyrosequencing assay. XRCC1, PON1 and GSTP1 genotyping were assessed by PCR-RFLP, and GST M1 and T1 were performed by PCR. Results The results of this study revealed that most genotypes in XRCC1, PON1, GSTP1 and GST genes were associated with LINE-1 hypomethylation among UE group. However, heterozygote genotypes (Gln-Arg and Ile-Val) in XRCC1 and GSTP1 genes, respectively, were associated with LINE-1 hypermethylation among UE compared with other corresponding genotypes. Only GSTT1 polymorphism recorded a significant change in percent methylation of Alu elements among urban and rural groups. Conclusion Urbanization could play an additional risk for epigenetic changes associated with pesticide exposure, and that could be attributed to the quality of life including their dietary habits, working and living in closed areas, and their exposure to extra pollutions emitted from urbanization sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Saad-Hussein
- Environmental & Occupational Medicine, National Research Centre, El-Behouth Street, Dokki Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona Mohamed Taha
- Environmental & Occupational Medicine, National Research Centre, El-Behouth Street, Dokki Cairo, Egypt
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Zhong Y, Shen L, Ye X, Zhou D, He Y, Li Y, Ding Y, Zhu W, Ding J, Zhang H. Neurotoxic Anatoxin-a Can Also Exert Immunotoxicity by the Induction of Apoptosis on Carassius auratus Lymphocytes in vitro When Exposed to Environmentally Relevant Concentrations. Front Physiol 2020; 11:316. [PMID: 32351401 PMCID: PMC7174720 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hazardous anatoxin-a (ANTX-a) is produced by freshwater algal blooms worldwide, which greatly increases the risk of consumer exposure. Although ANTX-a shows widespread neurotoxicity in aquatic animals, little is known about its mechanism of action and biotransformation in biological systems, especially in immunobiological models. In this study, transmission electron microscopy results showed that ANTX-a can destroy lymphocytes of Carassius auratus in vitro by inducing cytoplasmic concentration, vacuolation, and swollen mitochondria. DNA fragmentations clearly showed a ladder pattern in agarose gel electrophoresis, which demonstrated that the apoptosis of fish lymphocytes was caused by exposure to ANTX-a. Flow cytometry results showed that the apoptotic percentage of fish lymphocytes exposed to 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 mg/L of ANTX-a for 12 h reached 18.89, 22.89, 39.23, and 35.58%, respectively. ANTX-a exposure induced a significant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malonaldehyde (MDA) in lymphocytes. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the glutathione (GSH) content of the 0.01 mg/L ANTX-a-treated group decreased significantly by about 41, 46, 67, and 54% compared with that of the control group (p < 0.01), respectively. Although these observations were dose-dependent, these results suggested that ANTX-a can induce lymphocyte apoptosis via intracellular oxidative stress and destroy the antioxidant system after a short exposure time of only 12 h. Besides neurotoxicity, ANTX-a may also be toxic to the immune system of fish, even when the fish are exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations, which clearly demonstrated that the potential health risks induced by ANTX-a in aquatic organisms requires attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Zhong
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lilai Shen
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueping Ye
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Dongren Zhou
- Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou, China
| | - Yunyi He
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ding
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiqin Zhu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiafeng Ding
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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24
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Costa C, Briguglio G, Giamb� F, Catanoso R, Teodoro M, Caccamo D, Fenga C. Association between oxidative stress biomarkers and PON and GST polymorphisms as a predictor for susceptibility to the effects of pesticides. Int J Mol Med 2020; 45:1951-1959. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Costa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giusi Briguglio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho‑Functional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Giamb�
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho‑Functional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Rosaria Catanoso
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho‑Functional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Teodoro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho‑Functional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho‑Functional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho‑Functional Imaging, Occupational Medicine Section, University of Messina, I‑98125 Messina, Italy
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Effects of zinc supplementation on oxidant/antioxidant and lipids status of pesticides sprayers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 17:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2019-0001/jcim-2019-0001.xml. [DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2019-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AbstractBackgroundExcess exposure to pesticides induces oxidative stress and causes alteration in the lipid profileObjectivesThe study aimed to evaluate the effects of Zinc (Zn) supplementation on the oxidant/antioxidant and lipid status in pesticide sprayers.MethodsForty pesticide sprayers were included in the study. Blood lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and Zn were estimated; before and after Zn supplementation.ResultsStatistical analysis revealed that after Zn supplementation, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), and MDA were significantly decreased. However, there was a significant increase in the high density lipoprotein (HDL), SOD, GPx, and Zn levels. After Zn supplementation, significant inverse correlations were detected between the Zn and the levels of MDA, TG, and VLDL, while positive correlation between Zn and the levels of HDL and TC.ConclusionsZn supplementation improves the oxidative/antioxidants and lipid status in pesticide sprayers.
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26
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Costa C, Miozzi E, Teodoro M, Fenga C. Influence of genetic polymorphism on pesticide-induced oxidative stress. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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27
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Household exposure to pesticides and risk of leukemia in children and adolescents: Updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2019; 222:49-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Xotlanihua-Gervacio MDC, Guerrero-Flores MC, Herrera-Moreno JF, Medina-Díaz IM, Bernal-Hernández YY, Barrón-Vivanco BS, Sordo M, Rojas-García AE. Micronucleus frequency is correlated with antioxidant enzyme levels in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:31558-31568. [PMID: 30206828 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can cause DNA damage leading to nuclear anomalies such as micronuclei (MN). Antioxidant enzymes involved in protection against intracellular oxidative stress include glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). Pesticide exposure induces oxidative stress and alters antioxidant defense mechanisms, including detoxification and scavenger enzymes. The aim of this study was to evaluate MN frequency in workers occupationally exposed to pesticides and their relationship with antioxidant enzyme activities. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 201 individuals, some of whom were dedicated to the spraying of pesticides. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay was conducted, and the activities of GPx, GR, SOD, and CAT were determined. The geometric mean (GM) of MN was 5.4 (1-26 MN). The GM for the antioxidant enzymes was 198.68 U/mL for GPx, 38.96 U/g Hb for GR, 94.78 U/mL for SOD, and 69.77 U/g Hb for CAT. There was a lower MN frequency in males than that in females, and a higher nuclear index. In addition, age affected MN frequency. There was a negative correlation between MN frequency and GPx activity, but a positive one between MN frequency and GR activity. These findings suggest the involvement of GPx in MN frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Del Carmen Xotlanihua-Gervacio
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155. Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Centro, C.P. 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias|, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic, Compostela, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Mirna Citlali Guerrero-Flores
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155. Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Centro, C.P. 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - José Francisco Herrera-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155. Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Centro, C.P. 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias|, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic, Compostela, Xalisco, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Irma Martha Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155. Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Centro, C.P. 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Yael Yvette Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155. Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Centro, C.P. 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Briscia Socorro Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155. Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Centro, C.P. 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico
| | - Monserrat Sordo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, UNAM, P.O. Box 70228, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, México DF, Mexico
| | - Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental. Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155. Ciudad de la Cultura s/n. Col. Centro, C.P. 63000, Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
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Requena M, Parrón T, Navarro A, García J, Ventura MI, Hernández AF, Alarcón R. Association between environmental exposure to pesticides and epilepsy. Neurotoxicology 2018; 68:13-18. [PMID: 30018027 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence of an association between long-term environmental exposure to pesticides and neurodegenerative disorders; however, the relationship with epilepsy has not been addressed thus far. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and risk of developing epilepsy among people from South-East Spain living in areas of high vs. low exposure to pesticides based on agronomic data. The study population consisted of 4007 subjects with a diagnosis of epilepsy and 580,077 control subjects adjusted for age, sex and geographical area. Data were collected from hospital records of the Spanish health care system (basic minimum dataset) between the years 1998 and 2010. The prevalence of epilepsy was significantly higher in areas of greater pesticide use relative to areas of lesser use. Overall, an increased risk of epilepsy was observed in the population living in areas of high vs. low use of pesticides (OR: 1.65; p < 0.001). Although this study was exploratory in nature, the results suggest that environmental exposure to pesticides might increase the risk of having epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Requena
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain.
| | - Tesifón Parrón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain; Andalusian Council of Health at Almería Province, Almería, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Antonio F Hernández
- Dept. Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Alarcón
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Almería, Spain
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Markus V, Teralı K, Dalmizrak O, Ozer N. Assessment of the inhibitory activity of the pyrethroid pesticide deltamethrin against human placental glutathione transferase P1-1: A combined kinetic and docking study. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 61:18-23. [PMID: 29807309 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Deltamethrin (DEL), which is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide, has been used successfully all over the world to treat mosquito nets for the control of malaria. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs; EC 2.5.1.18) catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione (GSH) to a variety of xenobiotics and are normally recognized as detoxification enzymes. Here, we used a colorimetric assay based on the human placental GSTP1-1 (hpGSTP1-1)-catalyzed reaction between GSH and the model substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) as well as molecular docking to investigate the mechanistic and structural aspects of hpGSTP1-1 inhibition by DEL. We show that DEL is a potent, noncompetitive inhibitor of hpGSTP1-1 with an IC50 value of 6.1 μM and Ki values of 5.61 ± 0.32 μM and 7.96 ± 0.97 μM at fixed [CDNB]-varied [GSH] and fixed [GSH]-varied [CDNB], respectively. DEL appears to be accommodated well in an eccentric cavity located at the interface of the hpGSTP1-1 homodimer, presumably causing conformational changes to the enzyme's substrate-binding sites such that the enzyme is no longer able to transform GSH and CDNB effectively. Correspondingly, considerable maternal exposure to and subsequent accumulation of DEL may interfere with the proper development of the vulnerable fetus, possibly increasing the risk of developing congenital defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Markus
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Kerem Teralı
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Dalmizrak
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey
| | - Nazmi Ozer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, TRNC, 99138, Mersin 10, Turkey.
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Ćupić Miladinović D, Borozan S, Ivanović S. Involvement of cholinesterases in oxidative stress induced by chlorpyrifos in the brain of Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1564-1571. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Ahluwalia M, Kaur A. Modulatory role of GSTT1 and GSTM1 in Punjabi agricultural workers exposed to pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:11981-11986. [PMID: 29450776 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-1459-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione S-transferases are important detoxification enzymes involved in the metabolism of endogenous as well as exogenous compounds. Individuals differ in metabolic capacity due to inherited genetic variations. Due to the polymorphism exhibited by GSTT1 and GSTM1 that results in the complete loss of function, the present study was aimed towards the determination of the frequency distribution of GSTT1 and GSTM1 in agricultural workers in Punjab, India. The study aimed to investigate their contribution in susceptibility to increased disease risk. A total of 513 subjects were included in this study, out of which 250 were agriculture workers and 263 were non-exposed occupationally. GSTT1 and GSTM1 null-genotype distribution was analyzed through multiplex-PCR method. Complete gene deletion in either of the genes was strongly associated with an increased risk (OR = 1.8; 95% CI = 1.3-2.6; p < 0.0008) of DNA/cytogenetic damage, cancer, infertility, and many other serious health effects. Therefore, homozygous deletion in GSTT1 or GSTM1 could play a modulatory role in health of workers with long-term exposure to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anupam Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India.
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Reduction of the Oxidative Stress Status Using Steviol Glycosides in a Fish Model (Cyprinus carpio). BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2017:2352594. [PMID: 28691017 PMCID: PMC5485310 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2352594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Steviol glycosides are sweetening compounds from the Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni plant. This product is considered safe for human consumption and was approved as a food additive by the Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) and European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Its effects on the ecosystem have not been studied in depth; therefore, it is necessary to carry out ecotoxicological studies in organisms such as Cyprinus carpio. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity by SGs on diverse tissues in C. carpio using oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers. To test the antioxidant activity, carps were exposed to four systems: (1) SGs free control, (2) CCl4 0.5 mL/kg, (3) SGs 1 g/L, and (4) CCl4 0.5 mL/kg + SGs 1 g/L at 96 h. The following biomarkers were analyzed: lipoperoxidation (LPX), hydroperoxide content (HPC), and protein carbonyl content (PCC), as well as antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). It was found that both (3 and 4) systems' exposure decreases LPX, CHP, PCC, SOD, and CAT with respect to the CCl4 system. The results of this study demonstrate that the concentrations of SGs used are not capable of generating oxidative stress and, on the contrary, would appear to induce an antioxidant effect.
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Ghosh R, Banerjee B, Das T, Jana K, Choudhury SM. Antigonadal and endocrine-disrupting activities of lambda cyhalothrin in female rats and its attenuation by taurine. Toxicol Ind Health 2018; 34:146-157. [PMID: 29506456 DOI: 10.1177/0748233717742291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lambda cyhalothrin (LCT) is a type II pyrethroid with a wide range of agricultural, industrial, and household uses. Taurine is a nonprotein sulfur containing amino acid as well as a well-known antioxidant and has valuable clinical applications in the detoxification of xenobiotics. The present study evaluated the effect of LCT on the reproductive and endocrine systems of female rats and determined whether taurine might alter these effects. Sexually mature female rats were administered LCT at two different dosages (6.3 mg/kg BW and 11.33 mg/kg BW) once daily by oral gavage for 14 consecutive days with the pretreatment of taurine (50 mg kg-1 BW). LCT treatment resulted in diminished adrenal cholesterol, ovarian 3β- and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD) activity with increased ovarian cholesterol, adrenal 3β- and 17β-HSD activity. Furthermore, protein and mRNA expressions of ovarian 17β-HSD and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein were also decreased. Hormonal imbalance was evident by concurrent reduction in the gonadotropic hormone, estradiol, and progesterone levels in LCT-treated rats. These rats also demonstrated the histopathological evidence of degenerative changes in the ovaries. Pretreatment of taurine attenuated the LCT-induced changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rini Ghosh
- 1 Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Tuhina Das
- 1 Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuladip Jana
- 2 Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Sujata Maiti Choudhury
- 1 Department of Human Physiology with Community Health, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
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Hematological Abnormality, Oxidative Stress, and Genotoxicity Induction in the Greenhouse Pesticide Sprayers; Investigating the Role of NQO1 Gene Polymorphism. TOXICS 2018; 6:toxics6010013. [PMID: 29414880 PMCID: PMC5874786 DOI: 10.3390/toxics6010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The widespread use of pesticides in agriculture represents a threat to the human populations exposed to them. In this cross-sectional study, the hematological and biochemical parameters, plasma cholinesterase (PChE) activity, oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T polymorphism were measured in 100 greenhouse workers occupationally exposed to pesticide mixture and 104 normal healthy controls. There was a decrease in erythrocytes (5.45%, p = 0.026) and hemoglobin (3.26%, p = 0.025), and an increase in mean corpuscular hemoglobin (3.54%, p = 0.013) in the exposed workers. Sprayers showed a reduction in PChE (23%) and GSH (50%) levels, and an increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO) (55%), protein carbonyl (145%), Superoxide dismutase activity (61%), and total antioxidant capacity (35%) (p < 0.001 for all parameters but LPO: p = 0.009). Genotoxicity parameters were significantly high in the exposed cases (for all parameters: p < 0.001 but tail length: p = 0.002). There was a significant correlation between oxidative stress and genotoxicity parameters, and also between these biomarkers and PChE activity. The NQO1 C609T polymorphism was not significantly associated with studied biomarkers. The findings indicate that occupational exposure to a mixture of pesticides can induce hematotoxicity, oxidative stress, and genotoxicity in greenhouse workers.
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Hilgert Jacobsen-Pereira C, Dos Santos CR, Troina Maraslis F, Pimentel L, Feijó AJL, Iomara Silva C, de Medeiros GDS, Costa Zeferino R, Curi Pedrosa R, Weidner Maluf S. Markers of genotoxicity and oxidative stress in farmers exposed to pesticides. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 148:177-183. [PMID: 29055201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The effects of chronic exposure to pesticides can lead to the development of several diseases, including different types of cancer, since the genotoxic and mutagenic capacity of these substances can be observed. The objective of this study is to investigate the relation between the occupational exposure to various pesticides and the presence of DNA damage and oxidative stress. Blood samples from 50 rural workers (41 men and 9 women) exposed to pesticides, 46 controls (20 men and 26 women) from the same city (Antônio Carlos, Santa Catarina state, Brazil) and 29 controls (15 men and 14 women) from another city (Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state, Brazil), were evaluated using the comet assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) technique for genetic damage, and the test of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and catalase (CAT) activity for the oxidative stress. Cholinesterase activities were also determined, but there was no statistical difference among exposed workers and controls. Significant differences were found in DNA damage among groups. The comet assay performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes of these individuals had a significantly higher DNA damage index in the exposed group comparing to controls (p < 0.0001). MNi (p < 0.001), NBUDs (p < 0.005) and NPBs (p < 0.0001) were also found to be significantly higher in the exposed group. The TBARS values were significantly higher comparing to the Florianopolis control group (p < 0.0001). Even though CAT values were higher than controls, there was no statistical difference. Thus, it is concluded that the exposed individuals, participants of this study, are more subject to suffer genetic damage and, consequently, more susceptible to diseases resulting from such damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Hilgert Jacobsen-Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Regina Dos Santos
- Department of Pathology, Health Science Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Toxicology, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Flora Troina Maraslis
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Luisi Pimentel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Júlia Lobo Feijó
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Clarice Iomara Silva
- Laboratory of Toxicology, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Guilherme da Silva de Medeiros
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmacy, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Laboratory of Genetics, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Costa Zeferino
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rozangela Curi Pedrosa
- Laboratory of Experimental Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Sharbel Weidner Maluf
- Laboratory of Genetics, University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Doran ML, Knee JM, Wang N, Rzezniczak TZ, Parkes TL, Li L, Merritt TJS. Metabolomic analysis of oxidative stress: Superoxide dismutase mutation and paraquat induced stress in Drosophila melanogaster. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 113:323-334. [PMID: 29031835 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results in substantial biochemical and physiological perturbations in essentially all organisms. To determine the broad metabolic effects of oxidative stress, we have quantified the response in Drosophila melanogaster to both genetically and environmentally derived oxidative stress. Flies were challenged with loss of Superoxide dismutase activity or chronic or acute exposure to the oxidizing chemical paraquat. Metabolic changes were then quantified using a recently developed chemical isotope labeling (CIL) liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platform that targets the carboxylic acid and amine/phenol submetabolomes with high metabolic coverage. We discovered wide spread changes in both submetabolomes in response to all three types of stresses including: changes to the urea cycle, tryptophan metabolism, porphyrin metabolism, as well as a series of metabolic pathways involved in glutathione synthesis. Strikingly, while there are commonalities across the conditions, all three resulted in different metabolomic responses, with the greatest difference between the genetic and environmental responses. Genetic oxidative stress resulted in substantially more widespread effects, both in terms of the percent of the metabolome altered, and the magnitude of changes in individual metabolites. Chronic and acute environmental stress resulted in more similar responses although both were distinct from genetic stress. Overall, these results indicate that the metabolomic response to oxidative stress is complex, reaching across multiple metabolic pathways, with some shared features but with more features unique to different, specific stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marney L Doran
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6
| | - Jose M Knee
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Teresa Z Rzezniczak
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6
| | - Tony L Parkes
- Faculty of Arts & Science - Biology, Nipissing University, North Bay, ON, Canada P1B 8L7
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Thomas J S Merritt
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada P3E 2C6.
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Azevedo MFAD, Meyer A. [Essential tremor in endemic disease control agents exposed to pesticides: a case-control study]. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2017; 33:e00194915. [PMID: 28832787 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311x00194915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tremor is the most frequent movement disorder in the population and can be associated with pesticide exposure. The aim was to assess the odds of essential tremor in 442 endemic disease control agents in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, exposed to pesticides. Fifty-one cases and 204 controls were selected (1:4). All participants answered a questionnaire on socio-demographic, occupational, and toxicological items. The influence of pesticide exposure on the development of tremor was estimated by non-conditional logistic regression, adjusted for selected covariables. Mean age of the study population was 49 (SD = 7) years, and the difference between cases (mean = 50.8; SD = 6.9) and controls (mean = 48.5; SD = 6.9) was statistically significant (p = 0.03). Those with 16 to 16.9 years of pesticide use showed the highest odds of essential tremor (adjusted OR = 4.60; 95%CI: 1.29-16.41). Our results suggest that 16 to 16.9 years of pesticide exposure had a major impact on the development of essential tremor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Armando Meyer
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Jia H, Ma M, Zhai N, Liu Z, Wang H, Guo X, Xu B. Roles of a mitochondrial AccSCO2 gene from Apis cerana cerana in oxidative stress responses. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 175:9-19. [PMID: 28689066 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) is a multimeric protein complex that is the last enzyme in the respiratory electron transport chain of mitochondria. Syntheses of cytochrome c oxidase (SCO) proteins are copper-donor chaperones involved in metalation of the CuA redox center of COX. However, its other precise actions are not yet understood. Here, we report the characterization of AccSCO2 from Apis cerana cerana (Acc). Our data showed that AccSCO2 expression was induced by cold (4°C), CdCl2, HgCl2, ultraviolet (UV) light, and H2O2 and was inhibited by different pesticide treatments. In addition, a disc diffusion assay of recombinant AccSCO2, AccSCO2-R1, and AccSCO2-R2 proteins showed that they played a functional role in protecting cells from oxidative stress involved in copper-dependent manner. Further, following knockdown of AccSCO2 in A. cerana cerana using RNA interference (RNAi), the expression levels of most antioxidant genes (AccGSTD, AccGSTO1, AccGSTS4, AccSOD1, AccSOD2, etc.) were significantly decreased in the AccSCO2-silenced bees compared with the control bees. Moreover, the antioxidant enzymatic activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) were all lower in the silenced bees than in the control bees. Finally, the in vivo activity of COX was measured after AccSCO2 knockdown, which revealed a strong reduction in COX activity in the silenced bees. Thus, we hypothesize that AccSCO2 plays important roles in cellular stress responses and anti-oxidative processes, which help to regulate the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and/or the impairment of mitochondrial activity under oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Manli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Na Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Xingqi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China.
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Zepeda-Arce R, Rojas-García AE, Benitez-Trinidad A, Herrera-Moreno JF, Medina-Díaz IM, Barrón-Vivanco BS, Villegas GP, Hernández-Ochoa I, Sólis Heredia MDJ, Bernal-Hernández YY. Oxidative stress and genetic damage among workers exposed primarily to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1754-1764. [PMID: 28233943 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The indiscriminate use of pesticides in agriculture and public health campaigns has been associated with an increase of oxidative stress and DNA damage, resulting in health outcomes. Some defense mechanisms against free radical-induced oxidative damage include the antioxidant enzyme systems. The aim of this study was to determine the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and the relationship of antioxidant enzyme levels with DNA damage among sprayers (workers) occupationally exposed to pesticides. The determinations of MDA and antioxidant enzymes were performed spectrophotometrically. The genotoxic effects were evaluated using the comet assay. The results showed a marginally significant decrease in SOD and CAT activities in the high exposure group compared to the control group. For MDA, statistically significant differences were found among people working long term vs. those working temporarily (P = 0.02) as sprayers. In the moderate exposure group, a positive correlation was observed between MDA levels and GPx activity. In the high exposure group, a negative correlation was observed between GR and CAT activities, and between MDA levels and GPx activities. Furthermore, in the high exposure group, a positive correlation between DNA damage parameters and MDA levels was observed. The results suggest an important role of antioxidant enzymes for the protection of DNA damage caused by occupational exposure to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rigoberto Zepeda-Arce
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic - Compostela, Xalisco, Nayarit, México
| | - Aurora Elizabeth Rojas-García
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Alma Benitez-Trinidad
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic - Compostela, Xalisco, Nayarit, México
| | - José Francisco Herrera-Moreno
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológico Agropecuarias, Unidad Académica de Agricultura, Km. 9 Carretera Tepic - Compostela, Xalisco, Nayarit, México
| | - Irma Martha Medina-Díaz
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Briscia S Barrón-Vivanco
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Germán Pier Villegas
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
| | - Isabel Hernández-Ochoa
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Zacatenco (CINVESTAV), Departamento de Toxicología, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, México
| | - María de Jesús Sólis Heredia
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Zacatenco (CINVESTAV), Departamento de Toxicología, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Gustavo A. Madero, San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, 07360, México
| | - Yael Y Bernal-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Contaminación y Toxicología Ambiental, Secretaría de Investigación y Posgrado, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, 63155, Ciudad de la Cultura s/n, Col. Los Fresnos, C.P. 63190. Tepic, Nayarit, México
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García-González I, Mendoza-Alcocer R, Pérez-Mendoza GJ, Rubí-Castellanos R, González-Herrera L. Distribution of genetic variants of oxidative stress metabolism genes: Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and Glutathione S-transferase (GSTM1/GSTT1) in a population from Southeastern Mexico. Ann Hum Biol 2016; 43:554-562. [PMID: 26620773 DOI: 10.3109/03014460.2015.1126353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are involved in the biotransformation of xenobiotics. Variation in the enzyme concentration and activity suggests individual differences for the degree of protection against oxidative stress. AIM This study analysed the distribution of SNPs Q192R, L55M (PON1) and variants in GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes in a population from Southeastern Mexico. SUBJECTS AND METHODS One hundred and fifty-one Mexican Mestizo healthy volunteers were included. PON1 polymorphisms were determined by Taqman allele discrimination real time-PCR, whereas GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were determined with a multiplex PCR-based method. RESULTS All genotypes were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, except for GSTM1. The genotypic distributions of Q192R and L55M were 22% QQ, 48% QR, 30% RR, 62% LL, 34% LM and 4% MM, respectively, whereas the allele frequencies were 0.46 (Q), 0.54 (R), 0.79 (L) and 0.21 (M). The most frequent haplotype was R/L (46.7%). It was found that 31% and 9% of the individuals had the GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotype, respectively. The frequency of the combined null genotype GSTM1*0/GSTT1*0 was 4.64%. CONCLUSION The results showed that the frequencies of polymorphisms of PON1, GSTM1 and GSTT1 in the Yucatán population differ to those observed in other ethnic groups and provide useful data for epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I García-González
- a Laboratorio de Genética , Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán . Mérida, Yucatán , Mexico and
| | - R Mendoza-Alcocer
- b Centro Estatal de la Transfusión Sanguínea, Secretaria de Salud de Yucatán , Mérida, Yucatán , Mexico
| | - G J Pérez-Mendoza
- a Laboratorio de Genética , Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán . Mérida, Yucatán , Mexico and
| | - R Rubí-Castellanos
- a Laboratorio de Genética , Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán . Mérida, Yucatán , Mexico and
| | - L González-Herrera
- a Laboratorio de Genética , Centro de Investigaciones Regionales 'Dr. Hideyo Noguchi', Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán . Mérida, Yucatán , Mexico and
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Galar-Martínez M, García-Medina S, Gómez-Olivan LM, Pérez-Coyotl I, Mendoza-Monroy DJ, Arrazola-Morgain RE. Oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by ketorolac on the common carp Cyprinus carpio. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2016; 31:1035-1043. [PMID: 25899151 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketorolac is extensively used in the treatment of acute postoperative pain. This pharmaceutical has been found at concentrations of 0.2-60 µg/L in diverse water bodies around the world; however, its effects on aquatic organisms remain unknown. The present study, evaluated the oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by sublethal concentrations of ketorolac (1 and 60 µg/L) on liver, brain, and blood of the common carp Cyprinus carpio. This toxicant induced oxidative damage (increased lipid peroxidation, hydroperoxide content, and protein carbonyl content) as well as changes in antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activity) in liver and brain of carp. In blood, ketorolac increased the frequency of micronuclei and is therefore genotoxic for the test species. The effects observed were time and concentration dependent. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1035-1043, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Galar-Martínez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - S García-Medina
- Unidad Analítica de la Unidad de Farmacología Clínica, Facultad de Medicina - UNAM, Nezahualcóyotl, Edo de México
| | - L M Gómez-Olivan
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Laboratorio de Toxicología Ambiental, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Toluca, México
| | - I Pérez-Coyotl
- Departamento de Farmacia, Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - D J Mendoza-Monroy
- Departamento de Farmacia, Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - R E Arrazola-Morgain
- Departamento de Farmacia, Laboratorio de Toxicología Acuática, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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Wei K, Yang J. Copper-induced oxidative damage to the prophenoloxidase-activating system in the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 52:221-229. [PMID: 27033468 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2016.03.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated copper-induced proteins damage in gill and hepatopancreas of the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii, but little information is available about its effects on key component of the innate defense in haemolymph. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between oxidative carbonylation and prophenoloxidase-activating system (proPO-AS) activity, by exposing P. clarkii to sub-lethal concentrations (1/50, 1/12, 1/6 and 1/3 of the 96 h LC50) Cu(2+) up to 96 h. Six biomarkers of oxidative stress, i.e. reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), protein carbonyl (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs), and six indicators of immune status, i.e. total hemocyte counts (THCs), differential hemocyte counts (DHCs), hemocyanin (HC), prophenoloxidase (proPO), serine protease (SP) and phenoloxidase (PO), were determined in haemolymph. The results indicated that there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the levels of ROS, PC, MDA and DPCs accompanied by markedly decreased (P < 0.05) activities of proPO, SP, PO and HC in a dose and time dependent manner. The significant and positive correlations (P < 0.01) between ROS production and the formation of PC, MDA and DPCs were observed in crayfish at 96 h. There was a significant negative correlation (P < 0.01) between the levels of protein carbonyls and the activities of proPO and SP in hemocyte lysate supernatant and PO and HC in haemolymph. Carbonylated proteins may be recognized not merely as a specific signal in oxidative stress pathways but also as a "non-self" molecule in proPO-AS. In crayfish species, copper-catalyzed protein carbonylation may be one of the main mechanisms for immunity dysfunction in proPO-AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Wei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junxian Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
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Lozano-Paniagua D, Gómez-Martín A, Gil F, Parrón T, Alarcón R, Requena M, Lacasaña M, Hernández AF. Activity and determinants of cholinesterases and paraoxonase-1 in blood of workers exposed to non-cholinesterase inhibiting pesticides. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 259:160-167. [PMID: 27062891 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pesticide exposure has been associated with different adverse health effects which may be modulated to some extent by paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity and genetic polymorphisms. This study assessed seasonal variations in PON1 activity (using paraoxon -POase-, phenylacetate -AREase-, diazoxon -DZOase- and dihydrocoumarin -DHCase- as substrates), erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and plasma cholinesterase (using butyrylthiocholine -BuChE- and benzoylcholine -BeChE- as substrates. The study population consisted of intensive agriculture workers regularly exposed to pesticides other than organophosphates and non-exposed controls from Almería (Southeastern Spain). The effect of common genetic polymorphisms of PON1 and BCHE on paraoxonase-1 and cholinesterase activities toward different substrates was also assessed. Linear mixed models were used to compare esterase activities in agricultural workers and control subjects over the two study periods (high and low exposure to pesticides). The significant decrease in AChE and increase in BuChE and BeChE activities observed in workers with respect to control subjects was attributed to pesticide exposure. Workers also had higher levels of AREase, DZOase and, to a lesser extent, of POase, but showed decreased DHCase activity. While PON1 Q192R and PON1 -108C/T gene polymorphisms were significantly associated with all PON1 activities, PON1 L55M showed a significant association with AREase, DZOase and DHCase. BCHE-K (Karlow variant) was significantly associated with lower BeChE activity (but not with BuChE) and BCHE-A (atypical variant) showed no significant association with any cholinesterase activity. These findings suggest that increased PON1, BuChE and BeChE activities in exposed workers might result from an adaptive response against pesticide exposure to compensate for adverse effects at the biochemical level. This response appears to be modulated by PON1 and BCHE gene polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Lozano-Paniagua
- Dept. Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Spain
| | - Antonio Gómez-Martín
- Pfizer-University of Granada-Junta de Andalucía Centre for Genomics and Oncological Research (GENYO), Spain
| | - Fernando Gil
- Dept. Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Spain
| | | | | | - Mar Requena
- University of Almería School of Health Sciences, Spain
| | - Marina Lacasaña
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Spain; CIBERESP, Spain; ibs.GRANADA, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Dept. Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Spain.
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Hernández AF, Menéndez P. Linking Pesticide Exposure with Pediatric Leukemia: Potential Underlying Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:461. [PMID: 27043530 PMCID: PMC4848917 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukemia is the most common cancer in children, representing 30% of all childhood cancers. The disease arises from recurrent genetic insults that block differentiation of hematopoietic stem and/or progenitor cells (HSPCs) and drives uncontrolled proliferation and survival of the differentiation-blocked clone. Pediatric leukemia is phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous with an obscure etiology. The interaction between genetic factors and environmental agents represents a potential etiological driver. Although information is limited, the principal toxic mechanisms of potential leukemogenic agents (e.g., etoposide, benzene metabolites, bioflavonoids and some pesticides) include topoisomerase II inhibition and/or excessive generation of free radicals, which may induce DNA single- and double-strand breaks (DNA-DSBs) in early HSPCs. Chromosomal rearrangements (duplications, deletions and translocations) may occur if these lesions are not properly repaired. The initiating hit usually occurs in utero and commonly leads to the expression of oncogenic fusion proteins. Subsequent cooperating hits define the disease latency and occur after birth and may be of a genetic, epigenetic or immune nature (i.e., delayed infection-mediated immune deregulation). Here, we review the available experimental and epidemiological evidence linking pesticide exposure to infant and childhood leukemia and provide a mechanistic basis to support the association, focusing on early initiating molecular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada 18016, Spain.
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Department of Biomedicine, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08036, Spain.
- Instituciò Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain.
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García-García CR, Parrón T, Requena M, Alarcón R, Tsatsakis AM, Hernández AF. Occupational pesticide exposure and adverse health effects at the clinical, hematological and biochemical level. Life Sci 2015; 145:274-83. [PMID: 26475762 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Although epidemiological studies have investigated associations between occupational pesticide exposures and different adverse health outcomes, they have rarely assessed individuals at two time-points of a same crop season with different pesticide use. MATERIAL AND METHODS Clinical symptoms, physical examination signs, hematological and clinical chemistry parameters were measured in 189 intensive agriculture workers and 91 healthy control subjects from Almeria coastline (Southeastern Spain) to evaluate potential effects of pesticide exposure. KEY FINDINGS Greenhouse workers showed an increased risk of ocular and skin signs relative to controls at the period of high pesticide exposure (OR: 4.80 and 2.87, respectively); however, no differences were observed for clinical symptoms. A greater risk for ECG changes (OR: 3.35) and altered spirometry (OR: 5.02) was found at the period of low exposure. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase was significantly decreased in greenhouse workers relative to controls in both periods. Assessment of hematological parameters revealed increased counts of erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets and hemoglobin in greenhouse workers relative to controls, and also in the period of high versus low pesticide exposure. Changes in clinical chemistry parameters included decreased levels of glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride and alkaline phosphatase in greenhouse workers relative to controls; however, these parameters were raised in the period of high versus low pesticide exposure. SIGNIFICANCE These findings suggest that chronic occupational exposure to pesticides of lower toxicity than former compounds under integrated production systems elicit mild toxic effects, particularly targeting the skin and eyes, as well as subtle subclinical (biochemical) changes of unknown long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tesifón Parrón
- Council of Health at Almeria Province, Almeria, Spain; Department of Neuroscience and Health Sciences, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - Mar Requena
- Department of Neuroscience and Health Sciences, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - Raquel Alarcón
- Department of Neuroscience and Health Sciences, University of Almeria, Almeria, Spain
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Antonio F Hernández
- Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain.
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Costa C, Gangemi S, Giambò F, Rapisarda V, Caccamo D, Fenga C. Oxidative stress biomarkers and paraoxonase 1 polymorphism frequency in farmers occupationally exposed to pesticides. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:6353-7. [PMID: 26251874 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence has demonstrated that chemical classes of pesticides, including organophosphates (OP), can induce oxidative stress in exposed workers. The resulting increase in free radicals causes damage to biological macromolecules, and promotes the formation of novel compounds, including advanced glycation end products (AGE) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP). The present study aimed to evaluate the common genetic polymorphisms of the paraoxonase 1 (PON1) gene in a group of 55 farmers exposed to pesticides, as well as the association between these polymorphisms and serum levels of AGE and AOPP. The 192Q wild‑type (WT) allele was present at a significantly higher frequency, compared with the 192R mutated allele (0.74 and 0.26, respectively). The WT allele was predominantly represented by the homozygote 192QQ genotype (51%). The mutated 192QR heterozygotic allele was prevalent, at a frequency of 45.4%, whereas the mutated homozygotes were present at a frequency of 3.6%. A significant decrease in the levels of AGE and AOPP was observed in farmers exhibiting the homozygotic 192RR mutated genotype (14,7221 AU/ml and 0.64 nmol/ml, respectively), compared with the WT genotype (16,1400 AU/ml and 1.76 nmol/ml, respectively), and 192QR genotype (15,2312 AU/ml and 1.60 nmol/ml, respectively). Therefore, due to the high catalytic activity of PON1, the 192RR genotype provides an important genetic predictor of the toxic effects associated with OP pesticide exposure. It determines a minor risk of developing oxidative damage following pesticide exposure, and measuring the levels of AOPP may provide a novel biomarker for oxidative damage in subjects exposed to OP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Costa
- Department of The Environment, Security, Territory, Food and Health Sciences, Occupational Medicine Section, G. Martino Hospital, University of Messina, Messina I‑98125, Italy
| | - Silvia Gangemi
- Department of The Environment, Security, Territory, Food and Health Sciences, Occupational Medicine Section, G. Martino Hospital, University of Messina, Messina I‑98125, Italy
| | - Federica Giambò
- Department of The Environment, Security, Territory, Food and Health Sciences, Occupational Medicine Section, G. Martino Hospital, University of Messina, Messina I‑98125, Italy
| | - Venerando Rapisarda
- Department of Occupational Medicine, Vittorio Emanuele Hospital, University of Catania, Catania I‑95100, Italy
| | - Daniela Caccamo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morpho‑Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina I‑98125, Italy
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Department of The Environment, Security, Territory, Food and Health Sciences, Occupational Medicine Section, G. Martino Hospital, University of Messina, Messina I‑98125, Italy
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Wei K, Yang J. Oxidative damage of hepatopancreas induced by pollution depresses humoral immunity response in the freshwater crayfish Procambarus clarkii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 43:510-519. [PMID: 25655324 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 01/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies provide evidences for the possible oxidative damage of toxic environmental pollutants to tissue protein in fish and amphibian, but little information is available about their effects on immunity response in crustacean. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between oxidative damage and immune response induced by both typical pollutants (viz. copper and beta-cypermethrin), by exposing the freshwater Procambarus clarkii to sub-lethal concentrations (1/40, 1/20, 1/10 and 1/5 of the 96 h LC50) up to 96 h. Five biomarkers of oxidative stress, i.e. reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl in hepatopancreas, and two immune factors, i.e. phenoloxidase (PO) and hemocyanin in haemolymph were determined. The results indicated that there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the contents of ROS, MDA and protein carbonyl accompanied by markedly decreased (P < 0.05) PO and hemocyanin levels in a dose and time dependent manner. The significant and positive correlation (P < 0.01) between protein carbonyls induction and MDA formation was observed in crayfish hepatopancreas at 96 h. The production of these protein carbonyls could significantly depress (P < 0.01) the levels of phenoloxidase and hemocyanin in hemolymph. Higher contents of ROS enhanced the risk of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation and immunosuppression of crayfish, and hepatopancreas might play an important role in immune system of crustaceans. Protein oxidation may be one of the main mechanisms for pollution-induced immunotoxicity in P. clarkii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiang Wei
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Junxian Yang
- School of Economics and Management, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, People's Republic of China
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Kamal A, Qamar K, Gulfraz M, Anwar MA, Malik RN. PAH exposure and oxidative stress indicators of human cohorts exposed to traffic pollution in Lahore city (Pakistan). CHEMOSPHERE 2015; 120:59-67. [PMID: 24998225 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pollution from road traffic is not only a major source of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) but also a growing problem in the city of Lahore (Pakistan). In this study, we evaluated exposure to traffic-related PAHs, among subjects including traffic police officers (TPs), rickshaw drivers (RKs) shopkeepers working near main roads (SKs) and a control group (CN) for comparative analyses. We monitored the 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) as biomarkers of exposure to PAHs and its probable association with catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activity as biomarkers of oxidative stress in selected cohorts from the city Lahore. Results showed that median 1-OHP concentration was significantly higher in TPs than CN (med 1.21 vs. 0.51 μmol mol-C(-1) respectively, P=0.046), followed by RKs (0.68 μmol mol-C(-1), P=0.19 vs. CN). Furthermore, GSH, GSHPx, and CAT activities were also higher in exposed subjects than CN, which indicated that they experienced oxidative stress. Similar, but less severe observations were recorded in SKs. Observation of self-reported health status showed that, on the basis of daily time spent in the middle of heavy traffic, TPs and RKs most frequently suffered from adverse head and respiratory symptoms. The study shows that increasing traffic pollution can be associated with important health risk factor not only for the workers in transport industry but also for the public. Finally, the issue of traffic pollution in Lahore city needs to be addressed on priority.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Kamal
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Khansa Qamar
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Gulfraz
- University Institute of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi-46300, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asad Anwar
- University Institute of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi-46300, Pakistan
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Ecotoxicology and Environmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan.
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50
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Fortenberry GZ, Meeker JD, Sánchez BN, Bellinger D, Peterson K, Schnaas L, Solano-González M, Ettinger AS, Hernandez-Avila M, Hu H, Maria Tellez-Rojo M. RETRACTED: Paraoxonase I polymorphisms and attention/hyperactivity in school-age children from Mexico City, Mexico. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2014; 132:342-349. [PMID: 24834831 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 04/09/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Globally, organophosphate (OP) pesticide usage and exposure is widespread. Studies have found that fetuses and infants are more sensitive than adults to environmental toxicants and that prenatal exposure to low levels of OPs has been associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder-Like Phenotypes (ADHD-LP). Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) is an enzyme involved in detoxifying some OPs and its polymorphisms influence enzyme activity and quantity. The objective of this study was to examine whether maternal and/or child PON1 genotypes (PON1R192Q and PON1L55M) were associated with ADHD-LP in a Mexico City, Mexico birth cohort. PON1R192Q and PON1L55M genotypes in mothers (PON1R192Q: N=531; PON1L55M: N=458) and children (PON1R192Q: N=532; PON1L55M: N=478) from blood DNA were determined. We assessed ADHD-LP for children between the ages of 6 and 13 using Conners' Parent Rating Scales-Revised (CRS-R), Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT), and the parent scores for Behavior Assessment System for Children-2 (BASC2). Multivariable linear regression models were used to test relationships between ADHD-LP and PON1 polymorphisms. In these models, significant associations were observed with maternal genotypes but not with the child genotypes. A higher DSM IV Hyperactivity/Impulsivity score (β=3.27 points; 95% CI (0.89, 5.65)) and a 2.17 higher score in child DSM IV Total (95% CI (0.05, 4.29)) were observed for maternal PON155MM in comparison to PON155LM+LL. The childattention problems score was 2.27 points higher (95% CI (0.002, 4.53) for maternal PON1192QQ in comparison to PON1192QR+RR. Because maternal PON1 polymorphisms were associated with child ADHD-LP, this may be a viable biomarker of susceptibility for ADHD-LP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamola Z Fortenberry
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Brisa N Sánchez
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - David Bellinger
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karen Peterson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lourdes Schnaas
- Division of Research on Public Health, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City, México
| | - Maritsa Solano-González
- Center for Evaluation Research and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Adrienne S Ettinger
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Howard Hu
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martha Maria Tellez-Rojo
- Division of Statistics, Center for Surveys and Evaluation Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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