1
|
Monnolo A, Clausi MT, Del Piano F, Santoro M, Fiorentino ML, Barca L, Fusco G, Degli Uberti B, Ferrante L, Mercogliano R, Ferrante MC. Do Organochlorine Contaminants Modulate the Parasitic Infection Degree in Mediterranean Trout ( Salmo trutta)? Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2961. [PMID: 37760361 PMCID: PMC10526105 DOI: 10.3390/ani13182961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the occurrence of organochlorine pollutants (OCs) in the muscle of brown trout and evaluated their potential modulation of parasite infection. The toxicological risk for consumer health was assessed, too. Trout were collected from the Sila National Park (Calabria region, South of Italy). The highest concentrations emerged for the sum of the 6 non-dioxin-like (ndl) indicator polychlorinated biphenyls (Σ6ndl-PCBs), followed by the 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-di(4-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT), dioxin-like PCBs, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and dieldrin. Measured on lipid weight (LW), the mean value of Σ6ndl-PCBs amounted to 201.9 ng g-1, that of ΣDDTs (the sum of DDT-related compounds) to 100.2 ng g-1, with the major contribution of the DDT-metabolite p,p'-DDE which was detected in all sample units (97.6 ng g-1 on average). Among dioxin-like congeners, PCB 118 showed the highest mean concentration (21.96 ng g-1 LW) and was detected in all sample units. Regression analysis of intestinal parasites on OC concentration was performed, controlling for two potential confounding factors, namely sex and sexual stage. The results evidenced the existence of interactions between the dual stressors in the host-parasite system in the wild. A negative and statistically significant correlation was estimated, suggesting that OCs may decrease parasite infection degree. Regarding the toxicological risk evaluation, OC concentrations were consistently below the current European Maximum Residue Limits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Monnolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Maria Teresa Clausi
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Calabria Section, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Filomena Del Piano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Mario Santoro
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Maria Lorena Fiorentino
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Lorella Barca
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Calabria Section, 87100 Cosenza, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Fusco
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, 80055 Portici, Italy; (G.F.); (B.D.U.)
| | - Barbara Degli Uberti
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, 80055 Portici, Italy; (G.F.); (B.D.U.)
| | - Luigia Ferrante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, 20072 Milan, Italy;
| | - Raffaelina Mercogliano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.M.)
| | - Maria Carmela Ferrante
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Via Federico Delpino 1, 80137 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (F.D.P.); (R.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hu J, Ye F, Zhang S, Li H, Bao Q, Gan J, Ye Q, Wang W. Multi-dimensional visualization of ingestion, biological effects and interactions of microplastics and a representative POP in edible jellyfish. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108028. [PMID: 37343326 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Due to their ubiquity and potential risks, microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are concerning environmental issues. Yet there are still significant knowledge gaps in understanding the tissue-specific accumulation and dynamic change of MPs and NPs in the aquatic organism and how these micro/nano-scale emerging contaminants interact with other environmental pollutants such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Here, in vivo imaging systems (IVIS), radioisotope tracing, and histological staining were innovatively used to reveal the fate and toxicity of fluorescently-labeled MPs/NPs and 14C-labeled 2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl (PCB28) in edible jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum. These contaminants' ingestion, biological effects, and interactions were visualized at cellular, tissue, and whole-body multidimensional levels. Both MPs and NPs were shown to be preferentially accumulated in the mouthlets of oral arms, and most ingested MPs/NPs were present in the extracellular environment instead of being internalized into the mesoglea. Moreover, the presence of MPs or NPs in the seawater significantly inhibited the bioaccumulation of PCB28 in the jellyfish tissue, thus alleviating physiological alteration, gastric damage, and apoptosis caused by PCB28. This study provides a multi-dimensional visualization strategy to display the distribution and biological effects of typical pollutants in marine organisms and offers new insights for understanding the impacts of MPs/NPs and POPs on marine ecosystems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jirong Hu
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feiyang Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sufen Zhang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Bao
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jay Gan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Qingfu Ye
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences of Ministry of Agriculture of PRC and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li X, Zhao B, Luo L, Zhou Y, Lai D, Luan T. In vitro immunotoxicity detection for environmental pollutants: Current techniques and future perspectives. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
4
|
Ortho-substituted PCB 153: effects in CHO-K1 cells. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2021; 72:326-332. [PMID: 34985836 PMCID: PMC8785106 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2021-72-3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-planar di-ortho-substituted PCB 153 (2,2’,4,4’,5,5’-hexachlorobiphenyl), one of the most abundant PCB congeners in the environment and in biological and human tissues, has been identified as potential endocrine disruptor affecting the reproductive and endocrine systems in rodents, wildlife, and humans. The aim of this study was to gain a deeper insight into its mode/mechanism of action in Chinese hamster ovary K1 cells (CHO-K1). PCB 153 (10–100 μmol/L) inhibited CHO-K1 cell proliferation, which was confirmed with four bioassays (Trypan Blue, Neutral Red, Kenacid Blue, and MTT), of which the MTT assay proved the most sensitive. PCB 153 also induced ROS formation in a dose-dependent manner. Apoptosis was seen after 6 h of exposure to PCB 153 doses ≥50 μmol/L, while prolonged exposure resulted in the activation of the necrotic pathway. PCB 153-induced disturbances in normal cell cycle progression were time-dependent, with the most significant effects occurring after 72 h.
Collapse
|
5
|
Kennedy CL, Spiegelhoff A, Wang K, Lavery T, Nunez A, Manuel R, Hillers-Ziemer L, Arendt LM, Stietz KPK. The Bladder Is a Novel Target of Developmental Polychlorinated Biphenyl Exposure Linked to Increased Inflammatory Cells in the Bladder of Young Mice. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9090214. [PMID: 34564365 PMCID: PMC8473463 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9090214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bladder inflammation is associated with several lower urinary tract symptoms that greatly reduce quality of life, yet contributing factors are not completely understood. Environmental chemicals are plausible mediators of inflammatory reactions within the bladder. Here, we examine whether developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) leads to changes in immune cells within the bladder of young mice. Female mice were exposed to an environmentally relevant mixture of PCBs through gestation and lactation, and bladders were collected from offspring at postnatal day (P) 28-31. We identify several dose- and sex-dependent PCB effects in the bladder. The lowest concentration of PCB (0.1 mg/kg/d) increased CD45+ hematolymphoid immune cells in both sexes. While PCBs had no effect on CD79b+ B cells or CD3+ T cells, PCBs (0.1 mg/kg/d) did increase F4/80+ macrophages particularly in female bladder. Collagen density was also examined to determine whether inflammatory events coincide with changes in the stromal extracellular matrix. PCBs (0.1 mg/kg/d) decreased collagen density in female bladder compared to control. PCBs also increased the number of cells undergoing cell division predominantly in male bladder. These results implicate perturbations to the immune system in relation to PCB effects on the bladder. Future study to define the underlying mechanisms could help understand how environmental factors can be risk factors for lower urinary tract symptoms.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bayraktar B, Tekce E, Kaya H, Gürbüz AB, Dirican E, Korkmaz S, Atalay B, Ülker U. Adipokine, gut and thyroid hormone responses to probiotic application in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar) exposed to heat stress. Acta Vet Hung 2021; 69:282-290. [PMID: 34460430 DOI: 10.1556/004.2021.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus reuteri E81 (LRE) probiotic supplementation on heat stress responses in chukar partridges (Alectoris chukar). The birds were divided into two groups, one of which was exposed to heat stress (HS). Within each group, four subgroups, each including 64 birds, were created for the three treatment doses (200, 400 or 600 mg/kg) of LRE and the control. The experiment was started with day-old birds, kept at a temperature of 25 °C or 37 °C. After a 7-day adjustment period, the LRE supplementation lasted for 35 days. The levels of different adipokines, including visfatin (VF), adiponectin (ADP), chemerin (CHEM), as well as the concentration of plasma citrulline (CIT) and the levels of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in the blood were measured at 21 and 42 days of age. A significant correlation (P < 0.01) was found between LRE supplementation and the decrease in serum VF, ADP, CIT, T3 and T4 levels in partridges exposed to HS. On the other hand, no significant relationship was found between LRE supplementation and the serum CHEM and TSH levels (P > 0.05). We concluded that the addition of 600 mg/kg LRE is beneficial in preventing intestinal damage and inflammation provoked by HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bülent Bayraktar
- 1 Faculty of Health Sciences, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Emre Tekce
- 2 Faculty of Applied Sciences, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Hacer Kaya
- 3 Department of Veterinary Medicine, Gumushane University, Kelkit Aydın Doğan Vocational High School, Gumushane, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Burak Gürbüz
- 4 Department of Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Ebubekir Dirican
- 5 Vocational School of Health Services, Bayburt University, Bayburt, Turkey
| | - Serol Korkmaz
- 6 Pendik Veterinary Control Institute, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Banu Atalay
- 7 Vocational School of Health Services, Batman University, Batman, Turkey
| | - Ufuk Ülker
- 8 Veterinary Control Centre Research Institute Directorate, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Structural characterization of a novel Schisandra polysaccharides and nutritional intervention in immunotoxicity to PCBs. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 258:117380. [PMID: 33593586 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new polysaccharide from fruits of Schisandra chinensis (SCPP22) with a molecular weight of 143 ± 0.13 KDa was mainly made up of glucose and galactose. The possible structure of SCPP22 was showed that its main chain was composed of 1,4-α-d-Glup and branch was stretched from O-6 position of 1,4-β-d-Glup. Branches consisted of T-α-d-Galp. Further, SCPP22 could reverse PCB126-induced immunosuppression, significantly enhance body weight and immune organ indices. It also significantly ameliorated oxidative injury to immune organ induced by PCB126, as shown by evaluation of SOD activities, as well as MDA levels in spleen and thymus. SCPP22 strongly stimulated cytokines production by up-regulating mRNA expression of TNF-α, INF-γ and IL-2. Mechanism investigation revealed that recovery effects of SCPP22 in immunosuppression induced by PCB126 are mainly through regulating apoptosis-related proteins expression. Schisandra polysaccharides might be applied in functional food as nutritional intervention ingredient.
Collapse
|
8
|
Deygas F, Amadou A, Coudon T, Grassot L, Couvidat F, Bessagnet B, Faure E, Salizzoni P, Gulliver J, Caudeville J, Severi G, Mancini FR, Leffondré K, Fervers B, Praud D. Long-term atmospheric exposure to PCB153 and breast cancer risk in a case-control study nested in the French E3N cohort from 1990 to 2011. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110743. [PMID: 33450235 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the genetic and hormonal risk factors of breast cancer are well identified, they cannot fully explain the occurrence of all cases. Epidemiological and experimental studies have suggested that exposure to environmental pollutants, especially those with potential estrogenic properties, as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) may have a role in breast cancer development. Being the most abundantly detected in human tissues and in the environment, congener 153 (PCB153) is widely used in epidemiological studies as indicator for total PCBs exposure. OBJECTIVES We aimed to estimate the association between cumulative atmospheric exposure to PCB153 and breast cancer risk. METHODS We conducted a case-control study of 5222 cases and 5222 matched controls nested within the French E3N cohort from 1990 to 2011. Annual atmospheric PCB153 concentrations were simulated with the deterministic chemistry-transport model (CHIMERE) and were assigned to women using their geocoded residential history. Their cumulative PCB153 exposure was calculated for each woman from their cohort inclusion to their index date. Breast cancer odds ratios (ORs) associated with cumulative PCB153 exposure and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated using multivariate conditional logistic regression models. RESULTS Overall, our results showed a statistically significant linear increase in breast cancer risk related to cumulative atmospheric exposure to PCB153 as a continuous variable (adjusted OR = 1.19; 95% CI: 1.08-1.31, for an increment of one standard deviation among controls (55 pg/m3)). Among women who became postmenopausal during follow-up, the association remained statistically significant (adjusted OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 1.09-1.39). In analyses by hormone receptors status, the positive association remained significant only for ER-positive breast cancer (adjusted OR = 1.18; 95% CI: 1.05-1.33). DISCUSSION This study is the first to have estimated the impact of atmospheric exposure to PCB153 on breast cancer risk. Our results showed a statistically significant increase in breast cancer risk, which may be limited to ER-positive breast cancer. These results warrant confirmation in further independent studies but raise the possibility that exposure to PCB153 increase breast cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Deygas
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296, "Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment", Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Amina Amadou
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296, "Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment", Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Coudon
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296, "Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment", Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Ecole Centrale de Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecully, France
| | - Lény Grassot
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296, "Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment", Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Florian Couvidat
- National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Bertrand Bessagnet
- National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Citepa, Technical Reference Center for Air Pollution and Climate Change, Paris, France
| | - Elodie Faure
- Inserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team "Exposome and Heredity", Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Pietro Salizzoni
- Ecole Centrale de Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecully, France
| | - John Gulliver
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Caudeville
- National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Inserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team "Exposome and Heredity", Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications "G. Parenti", University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Inserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Team "Exposome and Heredity", Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| | - Karen Leffondré
- University of Bordeaux, ISPED, Inserm U1219, Bordeaux Population Health Center, Bordeaux, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296, "Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment", Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
| | - Delphine Praud
- Department of Prevention, Cancer and Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296, "Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment", Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Urbani C, Mattiello A, Ferri G, Raggi F, Russo D, Marconcini G, Cappellani D, Manetti L, Marcocci C, Cardarelli F, Bogazzi F. PCB153 reduces apoptosis in primary cultures of murine pituitary cells through the activation of NF-κB mediated by PI3K/Akt. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2021; 520:111090. [PMID: 33242503 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent pollutants involved in human tumorigenesis. PCB153 is a ubiquitous non-dioxin-like PCB with proliferative and anti-apoptotic effects. To explore the impact of PCB153 in the survival of pituitary cells, we exposed murine pituitary primary cells to PCB153 10 μM for 24 h. Apoptosis was assessed by RT-qPCR, Western-blot, immunoprecipitation, caspase activity, and immunofluorescence. We found that PCB153 decreased pituitary apoptosis through both the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. PCB153 reduced the level of the pro-apoptotic protein p38-MAPK. Otherwise, PCB153 activated PI3K/Akt and Erk1/2 pathways and enhanced the expression and nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Cotreatments with specific inhibitors revealed that only PI3K/Akt changed the caspase-3 expression and NF-κB activation induced by PCB153. Also, PCB153 decreased the expression of the pro-apoptotic and pro-senescent cyclins p53 and p21. In summary, exposure to PCB153 leads to a downregulation of apoptosis in the pituitary driven by a PI3K/Akt-mediated activation of NF-κB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Urbani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mattiello
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Ferri
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Raggi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Dania Russo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giulia Marconcini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniele Cappellani
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Luca Manetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudio Marcocci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Cardarelli
- NEST Laboratory, Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Fausto Bogazzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, via Savi, 10, 56126, Pisa, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Monnolo A, Clausi MT, Mercogliano R, Fusco G, Fiorentino ML, Buono F, Lama A, Ferrante MC. Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in donkey milk: Correlation with the infection level by intestinal strongyles. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 258:127287. [PMID: 32535446 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed at evaluating the concentration levels of organochlorine pollutants in donkey milk and their modulation on the intestinal strongyle infection. Risk evaluation for consumer health was also investigated. METHODS We analyzed milk of grazing donkeys living in areas of Southern of Italy affected by organochlorine compounds environmental pollution and parasite infection. The presence of pollutants was assessed through summary statistics; regression analysis of intestinal strongyle on pollutant concentration was performed to investigate the relationship between the two variables. RESULTS PCB concentrations (mainly non-dioxin-like (ndl)-PCBs) were higher than OCP ones. Mean values of ndl-PCBs across areas ranged from 93.13 to 263.64 ng g-1. In all sample units we detected the six indicator PCBs with the prevalence of the PCB 153, followed by the PCB 28 and the PCB 101. Among the dioxin-like (dl)-PCBs, non-ortho PCB 169, 77 and 126 were assessed in some milk samples; in all areas we detected the mono-ortho PCB 118 and PCB 105. Positive correlation between infection level and six indicator PCBs as well as between the former and HCB, on WW and LW, were observed (at least statistically significant at 5 percent). In some cases, Dl-PCB concentrations emerged as dangerous given the EU maximum residue limit for PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs. CONCLUSION Evidence supports the hypothesis of an immunosuppressive role of organochlorine pollutants; risk evaluation reveals the potential health impact of dl-PCB intake, particularly for major donkey milk consumers such as infants, children with cow milk and multiple food intolerance, and elders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Monnolo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M T Clausi
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - R Mercogliano
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Fusco
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - M L Fiorentino
- Environmental Research Center, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Pavia, Italy
| | - F Buono
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - A Lama
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M C Ferrante
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Vuong AM, Yolton K, Braun JM, Lanphear BP, Chen A. Chemical mixtures and neurobehavior: a review of epidemiologic findings and future directions. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2020; 35:245-256. [PMID: 32598325 PMCID: PMC7781354 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies have historically focused on single toxicants, or toxic chemicals, and neurodevelopment, even though the interactions of chemicals and nutrients may result in additive, synergistic, antagonistic, or potentiating effects on neurological endpoints. Investigating the impact of environmentally-relevant chemical mixtures, including heavy metals and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), is more reflective of human exposures and may result in more refined environmental policies to protect the public. Objective In this review, we provide a summary of epidemiological studies that have analyzed chemical mixtures of heavy metals and EDCs and neurobehavior utilizing multi-chemical models, including frequentist and Bayesian methods. Content Studies investigating chemicals and neurobehavior have the opportunity to not only examine the impact of chemical mixtures, but they can also identify chemicals from a mixture that may play a key role in neurotoxicity, investigate interactive effects, estimate non-linear dose response, and identify potential windows of susceptibility. The examination of neurobehavioral domains is particularly challenging given that traits emerge and change over time and subclinical nuances of neurobehavior are often unrecognized. To date, only a handful of epidemiological studies examining neurodevelopment have utilized multi-pollutant models in the investigation of heavy metals and EDCs. However, these studies were successful in identifying contaminants of importance from the exposure mixtures. Summary and Outlook Investigators are encouraged to broaden their focus to include more environmentally relevant mixtures of chemicals using advanced statistical approaches, particularly to aid in identifying potential mechanisms underlying associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ann M Vuong
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7035, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kimberly Yolton
- Division of General and Community Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC 7035, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, 121 South Main St, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BCV5A 1S6,Canada
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang X, Xu Y, Jia Q, Song X, Zhang L, Zhang W, Qian Y, Qiu J. Perturbations in glycerophospholipid levels of PC12 cells after exposure to PCB95 based on targeted lipidomics analysis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 235:108788. [PMID: 32376495 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a group of organic chlorine chemicals that can induce various adverse health effects in animals and humans. The toxicology of PCBs is a significant public health concern because of their long-term presence in the environment. Among the 209 PCB congeners, PCB95 has been reported to be neurotoxic, however, there has been limited researches on evaluating whether and how PCB95 affects cellular lipids, the most abundant components of the brain. In this study, PCB95 was found to inhibit cell proliferation at concentrations of 0.1 μM, 2 μM and 10 μM for 120 h. Additionally, there may be a shift in apoptosis to necrosis at 2 μM PCB95 exposure for 24 h. However, lipid peroxidation was found not dominant for PCB95 exposure, especially at the concentrations of 0.1 μM and 2 μM. Because of playing vital roles in cell metabolism, 20 glycerophospholipids in PC12 cells were investigated after exposure to PCB95 for 120 h. The distinctions in the orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) models indicated that different concentrations of PCB95 leaded to aberrant glycerophospholipid metabolism. Based on the principles of t-test P-value < 0.05, variable importance at projection (VIP) value >1 and fold change >1, PC (14:0/14:0) and PC (16:0/14:0) were screened as potential biomarkers from all the target glycerophospholipids. This study is the first time that identifies the effects of PCB95 on specific glycerophospholipids in PC12 cells, and the observed changes in glycerophospholipids provides the basis for further evaluation of PCB95-induced neurotoxicity mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Wang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yanyang Xu
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Qi Jia
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiao Song
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yongzhong Qian
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jing Qiu
- Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agri-food Quality and Safety, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100081, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pillai MR, Keylock KT, Cromwell HC, Meserve LA. Exercise influences the impact of polychlorinated biphenyl exposure on immune function. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237705. [PMID: 32833973 PMCID: PMC7444807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental pollutants and endocrine disruptors, harmfully affecting reproductive, endocrine, neurological and immunological systems. This broad influence has implications for processes such as wound healing, which is modulated by the immunological response of the body. Conversely, while PCBs can be linked to diminished wound healing, outside of PCB pollution systems, exercise has been shown to accelerate wound healing. However, the potential for moderate intensity exercise to modulate or offset the harmful effects of a toxin like PCB are yet unknown. A key aim of the present study was to examine how PCB exposure at different doses (0, 100, 500, 1000 ppm i.p.) altered wound healing in exercised versus non-exercised subgroups of mice. We examined PCB effects on immune function in more depth by analyzing the concentrations of cytokines, interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in these wounds inflicted by punch biopsy. Mice were euthanized at Day 3 or Day 5 after PCB injection (n = 3-6) and skin excised from the wound area was homogenized and analyzed for cytokine content. Results revealed that wound healing was not signficantly impacted by either PCB exposure or exercise, but there were patterns of delays in healing that depended on PCB dose. Changes in cytokines were also observed and depended on PCB dose and exercise experience. For example, IL-1β concentrations in Day 5 mice without PCB administration were 33% less in exercised mice than mice not exercised. However, IL-1β concentrations in Day 3 mice administered 100 ppm were 130% greater in exercised mice than not exercisedmice. Changes in the other measured cytokines varied with mainly depressions at lesser PCB doses and elevations at higher doses. Exercise had diverse effects on cytokine levels, but increased cytokine levels in the two greater doses. Explanations for these diverse effects include the use of young animals with more rapid wound healing rates less affected by toxin exposure, as well as PCB-mediated compensatory effects at specific doses which could actually enhance immune function. Future work should examine these interactions in more detail across a developmental time span. Understanding how manipulating the effects of exposure to environemntal contaminants using behavioral modification could be very useful in certain high risk populations or exposed individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh R. Pillai
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, United States of America
| | - K. Todd Keylock
- Dept. of Exercise Science, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Howard C. Cromwell
- Dept. of Psychology and J.P. Scott Center for Neuroscience, Mind and Behavior, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Lee A. Meserve
- Dept. of Biological Sciences, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Egusquiza RJ, Ambrosio ME, Wang SG, Kay KM, Zhang C, Lehmler HJ, Blumberg B. Evaluating the Role of the Steroid and Xenobiotic Receptor (SXR/PXR) in PCB-153 Metabolism and Protection against Associated Adverse Effects during Perinatal and Chronic Exposure in Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:47011. [PMID: 32352317 PMCID: PMC7228131 DOI: 10.1289/ehp6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are environmental toxicants; PCB exposure has been associated with adverse effects on wildlife and humans. However, the mechanisms underlying these adverse effects are not fully understood. The steroid and xenobiotic receptor [SXR; also known as the pregnane X receptor (PXR) and formally known as NR1I2] is a nuclear hormone receptor that regulates inducible metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics and is activated or inhibited by various PCB congeners. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of exposure to PCB-153, the most prevalent PCB congener in human tissues, on SXR knockout mice (SXRKO) and to elucidate the role of SXR in PCB-153 metabolism and promotion of its harmful effects. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and SXRKO mice were chronically or perinatally exposed to a low dose (54μg/kg/d) of PCB-153. Blood, livers, and spleens were analyzed using transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and molecular techniques to investigate the impacts of exposure on metabolism, oxidative stress, and hematological parameters. RESULTS SXRKO mice perinatally exposed to PCB-153 displayed elevated oxidative stress, symptoms of hemolytic anemia, and premature death. Transcriptomal analysis revealed that expression of genes involved in metabolic processes was altered in SXRKO mice. Elevated levels of the PCB-153 metabolite, 3-OH-PCB-153, were found in exposed SXRKO mice compared to exposed WT mice. Blood hemoglobin (HGB) levels were lower throughout the lifespan, and the occurrence of intestinal tumors was larger in SXRKO mice chronically exposed to PCB-153 compared to vehicle and WT controls. DISCUSSION Our results suggest that altered metabolism induced by SXR loss of function resulted in the accumulation of hydroxylated metabolites upon exposure to PCB-153, leading to oxidative stress, hemolytic anemia, and tumor development in a mouse model. These results support a major role for SXR/PXR in protection against xenobiotic-induced oxidative stress by maintaining proper metabolism in response to PCB-153 exposure. This role of SXR could be generally applicable to other environmental toxicants as well as pharmaceutical drugs. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6262.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riann Jenay Egusquiza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Maria Elena Ambrosio
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Shuyi Gin Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Kaelen Marie Kay
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Chunyun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Bruce Blumberg
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Young D, Worrell A, McDevitt E, Henein L, Howell GE. Alterations in macrophage phagocytosis and inflammatory tone following exposure to the organochlorine compounds oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor. Toxicol In Vitro 2020; 65:104791. [PMID: 32057836 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2020.104791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The role of macrophages in the innate immune response cannot be underscored however recent studies have demonstrated that both resident and recruited macrophages have critical roles in the pathogenesis of metabolic dysfunction. Given the recent data implicating exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, the current study was designed to examine the effects of the highly implicated organochlorine (OC) compounds oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor on overall macrophage function. Murine J774A.1 macrophages were exposed to trans-nonachlor or oxychlordane (0 - 20 µM) for 24 hours then phagocytosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase activities, pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and macrophage plasticity were assessed. Overall, exposure to oxychlordane significantly decreased macrophage phagocytosis while both OC compounds significantly increased ROS generation. Exposure to trans-nonachlor significantly increased secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin-6 whereas oxychlordane had a biphasic effect on TNFα secretion. However, both oxychlordane and trans-nonachlor decreased basal expression of the M1 pro-inflammatory marker cyclooxygenase 2. Taken together, these data indicate that exposure to these two OC compounds have both compound and concentration dependent effects on macrophage function which may alter both the innate immune response and impact metabolic function of key organs involved in metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darian Young
- Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Aren Worrell
- Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Erin McDevitt
- Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - Lucie Henein
- Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA
| | - George E Howell
- Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine, 240 Wise Center Drive, P.O. Box 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA..
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu J, Yang B, Wang Y, Wu Y, Fan B, Zhu S, Song E, Song Y. Polychlorinated biphenyl quinone promotes macrophage polarization to CD163 + cells through Nrf2 signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113587. [PMID: 31801669 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are notorious environmental pollutants. For their hydrophobic and lipophilic capability, they are wildly spread to environment to threat human health thus attracts more attention. In this study, we observed increasing numbers of CD163 positive (CD163+) macrophages in aortic valve of ApoE-/- mice after 2,3,5-trichloro-6-phenyl-[1,4]-benzoquinone (PCB29-pQ) treatment, the metabolite of polychlorinated biphenyl. In addition, in vitro studies identified that PCB29-pQ exposure significantly provoked the shifting of RAW264.7 macrophages and bone marrow derived monocytes (BMDMs) to CD163+ macrophages. Upon PCB29-pQ administration, CD163 and CD206 levels were enhanced in RAW264.7 cells as well as in BMDMs. However, the concentration of iron and total cholesterol (TC) were reduced due to the boosting of ferroportin (Fpn) and ATP binding cassette transporter, subfamily A, member 1 (ABCA1) which are efflux transporters of iron and cholesterol individually. Further investigation on mechanism indicated that PCB29-pQ exposure induced reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may result in activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a protein responsible for macrophage polarization. After that, we blocked Nrf2 through Nrf2 shRNA and ROS scavenger NAC, which significantly reversed the shifting of macrophage to CD163+ sub-population. These results confirmed the importance of Nrf2 in inducing macrophage polarization. In short, our study uncovered that PCB29-pQ could promote macrophage/monocyte polarization to CD163+ macrophage which would be a potential incentive to accelerate atherosclerosis through Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunjie Wu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Bailing Fan
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Sixi Zhu
- College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang, 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical Chemistry (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu Y, Liu Z, Gong A, Qiu L, Zhang W, Li J, Li F, Bai Y, Li J, Gao G. Cell changes and differential proteomic analysis during biodegradation of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) byPseudomonas aeruginosa. RSC Adv 2019; 9:25048-25055. [PMID: 35528638 PMCID: PMC9069866 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00664h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BDE-209 is a persistent organic pollutant. To promote microbial biodegradation of BDE-209 and gain further insight into its mechanism, cell changes and differential proteomic analysis ofP. aeruginosaduring biodegradation were studied.
Collapse
|
18
|
Ahmed R, El-Gareib A, Shaker H. Gestational 3,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126) exposure disrupts fetoplacental unit: Fetal thyroid-cytokines dysfunction. Life Sci 2018; 192:213-220. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
19
|
Ploteau S, Cano-Sancho G, Volteau C, Legrand A, Vénisseau A, Vacher V, Marchand P, Le Bizec B, Antignac JP. Associations between internal exposure levels of persistent organic pollutants in adipose tissue and deep infiltrating endometriosis with or without concurrent ovarian endometrioma. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2017; 108:195-203. [PMID: 28869876 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Endometriosis is a gynaecological disease characterized by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue. Histologically, it appears as different sub-types, being peritoneal endometriosis, ovarian endometrioma (OvE) and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE), which are of major relevance due to their varying clinical presentations. A number of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been associated with the onset of endometriosis, yet the overall set of existing studies remains fairly divergent. In this preliminary case-control study we aimed to assess the potential associations between the internal exposure to POPs and the presence of DIE with or without concurrent OvE. Adipose tissue and serum samples were collected from surgically confirmed cases (n=55) and controls (n=44) enrolled during 2013 and 2015 in Pays de la Loire, France. Targeted pollutants (76 historical or more emerging POPs including dioxins, polychlorobiphenyls (PCB), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were quantified by chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated from unconditional logistic regression adjusted for known confounding variables. The results showed significant associations between DIE and adipose tissue levels of 1.2.3.7.8 - PeCDD, OCDF, PCB 105, 114, 118 and 123, PBDE 183, PBB 153, and several OCPs including trans‑nonachlor, cis‑heptachlor epoxide, dieldrin, β-hexachlorocyclohexane and hexachlorobenzene. The largest associations were observed for OCDF followed by cis‑heptachlor epoxide, exhibiting adjusted ORs (95% CI) of 5.42 (2.73-12.85) and 5.36 (2.44-14.84) per 1-SD increase, respectively. The stratified analysis comparing both disease sub-types suggested that adipose tissue exposure markers may be more associated with DIE concurrent with OvE, however these results need to be confirmed in a larger population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Ploteau
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR 1329 Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CIC FEA, Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - German Cano-Sancho
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR 1329 Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France; INRA Centre Angers-Nantes, Nantes F-44307, France.
| | | | - Arnaud Legrand
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CIC FEA, Hôpital Mère Enfant, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Nantes, France
| | - Anaïs Vénisseau
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR 1329 Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France
| | - Vincent Vacher
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR 1329 Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France
| | - Philippe Marchand
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR 1329 Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France
| | - Bruno Le Bizec
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR 1329 Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Philippe Antignac
- LUNAM Université, Oniris, UMR 1329 Laboratoire d'Etude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Nantes, France; INRA Centre Angers-Nantes, Nantes F-44307, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Fortunati N, Guaraldi F, Zunino V, Penner F, D'Angelo V, Zenga F, Pecori Giraldi F, Catalano MG, Arvat E. Effects of environmental pollutants on signaling pathways in rat pituitary GH3 adenoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 158:660-668. [PMID: 28732322 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An increased rate of acromegaly was reported in industrialized areas, suggesting an involvement of environmental pollutants in the pathogenesis and behavior of GH-secreting pituitary adenomas. Based on these premises, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of some widely diffused pollutants (i.e. benzene, BZ; bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, DEHP and polychlorinated biphenyls, PCB) on growth hormone secretion, the somatostatin and estrogenic pathways, viability and proliferation of rat GH-producing pituitary adenoma (GH3) cells. All the pollutants induced a statistically significant increase in GH secretion and interfered with cell signaling. They all modulated the expression of SSTR2 and ZAC1, involved in the somatostatin signaling, and the expression of the transcription factor FOXA1, involved in the estrogen receptor signaling. Moreover, all the pollutants increased the expression of the CYP1A1, suggesting AHR pathway activation. None of the pollutants impacted on cell proliferation or viability. Present data demonstrate that exposure to different pollutants, used at in vivo relevant concentrations, plays an important role in the behavior of GH3 pituitary adenoma cells, by increasing GH secretion and modulating several cellular signaling pathways. These observations support a possible influence of different pollutants in vivo on the GH-adenoma aggressiveness and biological behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Fortunati
- Division of Oncological Endocrinology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Guaraldi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Zunino
- Division of Oncological Endocrinology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Federica Penner
- Division of Neurosurgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina D'Angelo
- Division of Oncological Endocrinology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Zenga
- Division of Neurosurgery, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Pecori Giraldi
- Neuroendocrinology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Cusano Milanino, (MI), Italy and Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, I-20149 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Emanuela Arvat
- Division of Oncological Endocrinology, Città della Salute e della Scienza University Hospital, I-10126 Turin, Italy; Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, I-10126 Turin, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
AhR-dependent 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo- p -dioxin toxicity in human neuronal cell line SHSY5Y. Neurotoxicology 2016; 56:55-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Revised: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
22
|
Abella V, Pérez T, Scotece M, Conde J, Pirozzi C, Pino J, Lago F, González-Gay MÁ, Mera A, Gómez R, Gualillo O. Pollutants make rheumatic diseases worse: Facts on polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure and rheumatic diseases. Life Sci 2016; 157:140-144. [PMID: 27312420 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that bioaccumulate in adipose tissue, disturbing its metabolism and the balance of adipokines, related to obesity. The altering secretion pattern of adipokines from the adipose tissue and the increasing mechanical load in weight-bearing joints presented in obesity condition, are risk factors for osteoarthritis development. The most prevalent rheumatic diseases, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis, are chronic conditions that target the whole joints, leading to increasing disability and health care cost. The goal of this focused review is to summarize the current knowledge on the role of PCBs in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis. SEARCH STRATEGY A PubMed search was managed using keywords as "rheumatic diseases", "polychlorinated biphenyls", "obesity" and "endocrine disruption". MAIN RESULTS OF THE REVIEW The incidence of rheumatoid arthritis has been reported to be increased especially in urban areas in industrialized countries, emphasizing the importance of environment in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases. Analysis of two cohorts exposed to PCBs food contamination showed high incidence of arthritis. In addition, PCBs in serum correlated positively with the prevalence of self-reported arthritis. Few studies support the hypothesis that osteoarthritis development could be related to PCBs induction of chondrocytes apoptosis. CONCLUSION Evidences have emerged for a relationship between PCBs and development of several types of arthritis. Further research is encouraged to determine the correlation between PCBs exposure and the development of rheumatic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Abella
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Departamento de Bioloxía Celular e Molecular, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade da Coruña (UDC), Campus de A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Tamara Pérez
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Morena Scotece
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Javier Conde
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Claudio Pirozzi
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jesús Pino
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Francisca Lago
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 7, Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Miguel Ángel González-Gay
- SERGAS, Division of Rheumatology, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Mera
- SERGAS, Division of Rheumatology, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Gómez
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Oreste Gualillo
- SERGAS, Research Laboratory 9, NEIRID Lab (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tang S, Yin H, Chen S, Peng H, Chang J, Liu Z, Dang Z. Aerobic degradation of BDE-209 by Enterococcus casseliflavus: Isolation, identification and cell changes during degradation process. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 308:335-342. [PMID: 26852209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is one of the most commonly used brominated flame retardants that have contaminated the environment worldwide. Microbial bioremediation has been considered as an effective technique to remove these sorts of persistent organic pollutants. Enterococcus casseliflavus, a gram-positive bacterium capable of aerobically transforming BDE-209, was isolated by our team from sediments in Guiyu, an e-waste dismantling area in Guangdong Province, China. To promote microbial bioremediation of BDE-209 and elucidate the mechanism behind its aerobic degradation, the effects of BDE-209 on the cell changes of E. casseliflavus were examined in this study. The experimental results demonstrated that the high cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) of E. casseliflavus made the bacteria absorb hydrophobic BDE-209 more easily. E. casseliflavus responded to BDE-209 stress, resulting in an increase in cell membrane permeability and accumulation of BDE-209 inside the cell. The differential expression of intracellular protein was analyzed through two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). More than 50 differentially expressed protein spots were reproducibly detected, including 25 up, and 25 down regulated after a 4 days exposure. Moreover, the apoptotic-like cell changes were observed during E. casseliflavus mediated degradation of BDE-209 by means of flow cytometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyu Tang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuona Chen
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui Peng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingjing Chang
- College of Natural Resource and Environment, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Zehua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang J, Bi Y, Henkelmann B, Pfister G, Zhang L, Schramm KW. PAHs and PCBs accumulated by SPMD-based virtual organisms and feral fish in Three Gorges Reservoir, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 542:899-907. [PMID: 26556754 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) accumulated by semipermeable membrane device (SPMD)-based virtual organisms (VOs) and local feral fish were studied in Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), China. VOs were deployed at seven sites in TGR for two periods in 2009 and 5 species of fish with different living habitats and feeding habits collected in the same periods from two counties in TGR. The concentration and profile of PAHs and PCBs in fish were quite different from those in VOs. Most high-molecular-weight-PAHs were detected in VOs, while they were undetected in fish. Most PCBs were undetected in VOs, while most of them were detected in fish. Low-molecular-weight-PAHs were predominant contaminants of PAHs and non-dioxin-like-PCBs were the main PCBs in fish. The levels of PAHs and PCBs in the few fish samples were low and were not of concern based on chemical contaminant limits of non-carcinogenic effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingxian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Department für Biowissenschaften, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350 Freising, Germany.
| | - Yonghong Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bernhard Henkelmann
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Gerd Pfister
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin 123000, China
| | - Karl-Werner Schramm
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Molecular EXposomics (MEX), Ingolstädter Landstr.1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; Technische Universität München, Wissenschaftszentrum Weihenstephan für Ernährung, Landnutzung und Umwelt, Department für Biowissenschaften, Weihenstephaner Steig 23, 85350 Freising, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Xu D, Li L, Liu L, Dong H, Deng Q, Yang X, Song E, Song Y. Polychlorinated biphenyl quinone induces mitochondrial-mediated and caspase-dependent apoptosis in HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2015; 30:1063-1072. [PMID: 24604693 DOI: 10.1002/tox.21979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) quinones are known to cause toxic effects, but their mechanisms are quite unclear. In this study, we examined whether 2,3,5-trichloro-6-phenyl-[1,4]benzoquinone, PCB29-pQ, induces cell death via apoptosis pathway. Our result showed PCB29-pQ exposure decreased HepG2 cell viability in a time-dependent manner. Lactate dehydrogenase leakage assay also implied the cytotoxicity of PCB29-pQ. 4',6-Diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride staining and flow cytometry assays both confirmed PCB29-pQ caused dose-dependent apoptotic cell death in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, we found that PCB29-pQ exposure increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential and induced the translocation of cytochrome c from mitochondria into cytosol in HepG2 cells. Moreover, PCB29-pQ exposure induced B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) downregulation and Bcl-2-associated X (Bax) upregulation, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage, accompanied with the increased caspase-3/9 and p53 expressions. Taking together, these results suggested PCB29-pQ induced HepG2 cells apoptosis through a ROS-driven, mitochondrial-mediated and caspase-dependent pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingrui Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Lichao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Dong
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Erqun Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Santoro A, Ferrante MC, Di Guida F, Pirozzi C, Lama A, Simeoli R, Clausi MT, Monnolo A, Mollica MP, Mattace Raso G, Meli R. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB 101, 153, and 180) Impair Murine Macrophage Responsiveness to Lipopolysaccharide: Involvement of NF-κB Pathway. Toxicol Sci 2015; 147:255-69. [PMID: 26141388 PMCID: PMC7107302 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfv127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-dioxin-like (NDL) polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants, associated with a range of adverse health effects, including interference with the immune system. In this study, we investigate the capability of NDL-PCBs 101, 153, and 180, 3 of the 6 NDL-PCBs defined as indicators, to impair the immune response in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated J774A.1 and primary murine macrophages. Our results clearly demonstrate that the exposure of J774A.1 and primary macrophages to NDL-PCB 153 or 180 or all NDL-PCBs mixtures causes a significant reduction in LPS-induced cytokine/chemokine synthesis, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6, together with monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, involved in cell recruitment. Moreover, PCBs were found to suppress LPS-stimulated NO production, and to reduce cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in J774A.1 and primary macrophages. At mechanistic level, PCBs significantly counteract the LPS-driven toll-like receptor (TLR) 4 and CD14 upregulation, therefore inhibiting downstream nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in J774A.1. Furthermore, PCBs determine a significant loss of macrophage endocytic capacity, a prerequisite for efficient antigen presentation. Taken together, these data indicate that NDL-PCBs reduce macrophage responsiveness, particularly when they are combined at concentrations per se inactive, impairing the capability to orchestrate a proper immune response to an infectious stimulus, disrupting TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abella V, Santoro A, Scotece M, Conde J, López-López V, Lazzaro V, Gómez-Reino JJ, Meli R, Gualillo O. Non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB 101, PCB 153 and PCB 180) induce chondrocyte cell death through multiple pathways. Toxicol Lett 2015; 234:13-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
28
|
Perez-Vazquez FJ, Flores-Ramirez R, Ochoa-Martinez AC, Orta-Garcia ST, Hernandez-Castro B, Carrizalez-Yañez L, Pérez-Maldonado IN. Concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals in soil from San Luis Potosí, México. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:4119. [PMID: 25480599 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-4119-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and four heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury) in soil from the city of San Luis Potosí in Mexico. In order to confirm the presence of the previously mentioned compounds, outdoor surface soil samples were collected and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometer for PBDEs, PCBs, DDT, and DDE. Meanwhile, heavy metals were quantified using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. The total PBDEs levels ranged from 5.0 to 134 μg/kg dry weight (dw), with a total mean PBDEs level of 22.0 ± 32.5 μg/kg dw (geometric mean ± standard deviation). For PCBs, the total mean level in the studied soil was 21.6 ± 24.7 μg/kg dw (range, <LOD to 80.5). An important finding in our study was that all soil samples (100 %) had detectable levels of the metabolite DDE. Moreover, the total mean DDT level (∑ DDT and DDE) was approximately 5.50 ± 4.50 μg/kg dw. The mean levels for arsenic, mercury, cadmium, and lead in soil samples were 7.20 ± 10.7 (range, 15.0 to 265 mg/kg dw), 0.45 ± 0.48 (range, <LOD to 2.50 mg/kg dw), 3.00 ± 3.00 (range, 1.00-13.0 mg/kg dw), and 108 ± 105 (range, 25.0 to 435 mg/kg dw), respectively. This screening study provides us with concentration data for the occurrence of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and four heavy metals in soil samples from the city of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, and considering that soil is an important pathway of exposure for people, a biomonitoring program for the surveillance of the general population in the city of San Luis Potosi is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Perez-Vazquez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Perez-Maldonado IN, Salazar RC, Ilizaliturri-Hernandez CA, Espinosa-Reyes G, Perez-Vazquez FJ, Fernandez-Macias JC. Assessment of the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) levels in soil samples near an electric capacitor manufacturing industry in Morelos, Mexico. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2014; 49:1244-1250. [PMID: 24967557 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2014.910037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In Mexico, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were principally used as heat transfer chemicals in electric transformers and capacitors as well as hydraulic fluids and lubricants in heavy electrical equipment since the early 1940s. However, although PCBs have been banned in Mexico, their past and present improper disposal has resulted in environmental contamination. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the PCBs levels in soil samples in the immediate area of an electric capacitor manufacturing industry, which was established several years ago in Alpuyeca, Morelos, Mexico. To confirm the presence of PCBs, surface soil samples (1-5 cm in depth) were collected from the vicinity of the industry. We determined the concentrations of 40 PCB congeners in soil samples using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The total PCBs levels in the soil samples ranged from 6.2 to 108460.6 μg kg(-1). Moreover, when we analyzed the results of the congeners (non-dioxin-like PCBs and dioxin-like PCBs), the levels of non-dioxin-like PCB congeners ranged from 5.7 to 103469 μg kg(-1) and the levels of dioxin-like PCB congeners ranged from 0.5 to 4992 μg kg(-1). Considering that soil is an important pathway of exposure in humans, analysis of PCBs levels in blood (as a biomarker of exposure) is necessary in individuals living in Alpuyeca, Morelos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan N Perez-Maldonado
- a Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí , San Luis Potosí , México
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Westerink RHS. Modulation of cell viability, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis, and voltage- and ligand-gated ion channels as common mechanisms of action of (mixtures of) non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:6373-6383. [PMID: 23686757 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1759-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (NDL-PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are environmental pollutants that exert neurodevelopmental and neurobehavioral effects in vivo in humans and animals. Acute in vitro neurotoxic effects include changes in cell viability, oxidative stress, and basal intracellular calcium levels. Though these acute cellular effects could partly explain the observed in vivo effects, other mechanisms, such as effects on calcium influx and neurotransmitter receptor function, likely contribute to the disturbance in neurotransmission. This concise review combines in vitro data on cell viability, oxidative stress and basal calcium levels with recent data that clearly demonstrate that (hydroxylated) PCBs and (hydroxylated) PBDEs can exert acute effects on voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels as well as on excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter receptors in vitro. These novel mechanisms of action are shared by NDL-PCBs, OH-PBDEs, and some other persistent organic pollutants, such as tetrabromobisphenol-A, and could have profound effects on neurodevelopment, neurotransmission, and neurobehavior in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Remco H S Westerink
- Neurotoxicology Research Group, Toxicology Division, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80.177, 3508 TD, Utrecht, The Netherlands,
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xiao W, Zhu Y, Sarsour EH, Kalen AL, Aykin-Burns N, Spitz DR, Goswami PC. Selenoprotein P regulates 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-benzo-2,5-quinone-induced oxidative stress and toxicity in human keratinocytes. Free Radic Biol Med 2013; 65:70-77. [PMID: 23770201 PMCID: PMC3830697 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls and their metabolites are environmental pollutants that are believed to have adverse health effects presumably by inducing oxidative stress. To determine if 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-benzo-2,5-quinone (4-ClBQ; metabolite of 4-monochlorobiphenyl, PCB3)-induced oxidative stress is associated with changes in the expression of specific antioxidant genes, mRNA levels of 92 oxidative stress-response genes were analyzed using TaqMan Array Human Antioxidant Mechanisms (Life Technologies), and results were verified by performing quantitative RT-PCR assays. The expression of selenoprotein P (sepp1) was significantly downregulated (8- to 10-fold) in 4-ClBQ-treated HaCaT human skin keratinocytes, which correlated with a significant increase in MitoSOX oxidation. Overexpression of Mn-superoxide dismutase or catalase or treatment with N-acetyl-l-cysteine suppressed 4-ClBQ-induced toxicity. Sodium selenite supplementation also suppressed 4-ClBQ-induced decrease in sepp1 expression, which was associated with a significant inhibition in cell death. Furthermore, HaCaT cells overexpressing sepp1 were resistant to 4-ClBQ-induced oxidative stress and toxicity. These results demonstrate that SEPP1 represents a previously unrecognized regulator of PCB-induced biological effects. These results support the speculation that selenoproteins can be an attractive countermeasure for PCB-induced adverse biological effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wusheng Xiao
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Yueming Zhu
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Feinberg Northwestern Medical School, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Ehab H Sarsour
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Amanda L Kalen
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Nukhet Aykin-Burns
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Division of Radiation Health, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Douglas R Spitz
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Prabhat C Goswami
- Free Radical and Radiation Biology Division, Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cimenci O, Vandevijvere S, Goscinny S, Van Den Bergh MA, Hanot V, Vinkx C, Bolle F, Van Loco J. Dietary exposure of the Belgian adult population to non-dioxin-like PCBs. Food Chem Toxicol 2013; 59:670-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2012] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
33
|
Gascon M, Morales E, Sunyer J, Vrijheid M. Effects of persistent organic pollutants on the developing respiratory and immune systems: a systematic review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2013; 52:51-65. [PMID: 23291098 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 11/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of developing immune and respiratory systems by early-life exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) could result into reduced capacity to fight infections and increased risk to develop allergic manifestations later in life. OBJECTIVES To systematically review the epidemiologic literature on the adverse effects of early-life exposure to POPs on respiratory health, allergy and the immune system in infancy, childhood and adolescence. METHODS Based on published guidelines for systematic reviews, two independent researchers searched for published articles in MEDLINE and SCOPUS using defined keywords on POPs and respiratory health, immune function and allergy. Study eligibility criteria were defined to select the articles. RESULTS This review of 41 studies finds limited evidence for prenatal exposure to DDE, PCBs and dioxins and risk of respiratory infections. Evidence was limited also for postnatal exposure to PCBs, specifically ndl-PCBs, and reduced immune response after vaccination in childhood. The review indicates lack of association between postnatal exposure to PCBs/ndl-PCBs and risk of asthma-related symptoms. For the other exposure-outcome associations reviewed evidence was inadequate. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Current epidemiological evidence suggests that early-life exposure to POPs can adversely influence immune and respiratory systems development. Heterogeneity between studies in exposure and outcome assessment and the small number of studies for any given exposure-outcome relationship currently make comparisons difficult and meta-analyses impossible. Also, mechanisms remain largely unexplored. Recommendations for significantly improving our understanding thus include harmonization of exposure and outcome assessment between studies, conduct of larger studies, long-term assessment of respiratory infections and asthma symptoms in order to identify critical periods of susceptibility, integration of the potential immunotoxic mechanisms of POPs, and use of new statistical tools to detangle the role of multiple exposures on multiple outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Gascon
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Imperatore C, Aiello A, D’Aniello F, Luciano P, Vitalone R, Meli R, Raso GM, Menna M. New bioactive alkyl sulfates from Mediterranean tunicates. Molecules 2012; 17:12642-50. [PMID: 23103530 PMCID: PMC6268736 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171112642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Revised: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 10/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical investigation of two species of marine ascidians, Aplidium elegans and Ciona edwardsii, collected in Mediterranean area, led to isolation of a series of alkyl sulfates (compounds 1-5) including three new molecules 1-3. Structures of the new metabolites have been elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Based on previously reported cytotoxic activity of these type of molecules, compounds 1-3 have been tested for their effects on the growth of two cell lines, J774A.1 (BALB/c murine macrophages) and C6 (rat glioma) in vitro. Compounds 1 and 2 induced selective concentration-dependent mortality on J774A.1 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Imperatore
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Anna Aiello
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Filomena D’Aniello
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Paolo Luciano
- C.S.I.A.S. (Centro Servizi Interdipartimentale di Analisi Strumentale), Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy;
| | - Rocco Vitalone
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| | - Rosaria Meli
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (R.M.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Giuseppina Mattace Raso
- Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (R.M.); (G.M.R.)
| | - Marialuisa Menna
- The NeaNat Group, Dipartimento di Chimica delle Sostanze Naturali, Università degli Studi di Napoli “Federico II”, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131, Napoli, Italy; (C.I.); (A.A.); (F.D.); (R.V.)
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kramer S, Hikel SM, Adams K, Hinds D, Moon K. Current status of the epidemiologic evidence linking polychlorinated biphenyls and non-hodgkin lymphoma, and the role of immune dysregulation. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2012; 120:1067-75. [PMID: 22552995 PMCID: PMC3440083 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although case-control studies conducted to date have largely affirmed the relationship between polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), occupational cohort studies of PCB-exposed workers have been generally interpreted as negative, thereby raising doubts about a potential causal association. A common theme of immune dysregulation unifies many of NHL's strongest risk factors, and several authors have posited that subclinical immune dysregulation may increase NHL risk by decreasing host resistance, reducing control of cellular proliferation and differentiation, and diminishing tumor surveillance mechanisms. OBJECTIVES The goals of this review were a) to evaluate the epidemiological research examining the association between PCB exposure and NHL and discuss the contribution to the weight of evidence of case-control studies and occupational cohort studies; and b) to summarize the evidence for immune dysregulation as a means by which PCBs may cause NHL. METHODS We performed a literature search using PubMed and seven additional online biomedical and toxicological referencing libraries to identify literature published through August 2011. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Overall, we conclude that the weight of evidence supports a causal role of PCBs in lymphomagenesis. The strongest epidemiological evidence for the relationship between PCBs and NHL comes from case-control studies conducted among the general population. Epidemiological and toxicological data demonstrating immunosuppressive and inflammatory effects of PCBs further contribute to the weight of evidence by providing a plausible explanation for how PCBs can cause NHL through immune dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shira Kramer
- Epidemiology International, Hunt Valley, Maryland, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Health and cellular impacts of air pollutants: from cytoprotection to cytotoxicity. Biochem Res Int 2012; 2012:493894. [PMID: 22550588 PMCID: PMC3328890 DOI: 10.1155/2012/493894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 01/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution as one of the ravages of our modern societies is primarily linked to urban centers, industrial activities, or road traffic. These atmospheric pollutants have been incriminated in deleterious health effects by numerous epidemiological and in vitro studies. Environmental air pollutants are a heterogeneous mixture of particles suspended into a liquid and gaseous phase which trigger the disruption of redox homeostasis—known under the term of cellular oxidative stress—in relation with the establishment of inflammation and cell death via necrosis, apoptosis, or autophagy. Activation or repression of the apoptotic process as an adaptative response to xenobiotics might lead to either acute or chronic toxicity. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the central role of oxidative stress induced by air pollutants and to focus on the subsequent cellular impacts ranging from cytoprotection to cytotoxicity by decreasing or stimulating apoptosis, respectively.
Collapse
|