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Bel’skaya LV, Dyachenko EI. Oxidative Stress in Breast Cancer: A Biochemical Map of Reactive Oxygen Species Production. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:4646-4687. [PMID: 38785550 PMCID: PMC11120394 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46050282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
This review systematizes information about the metabolic features of breast cancer directly related to oxidative stress. It has been shown those redox changes occur at all levels and affect many regulatory systems in the human body. The features of the biochemical processes occurring in breast cancer are described, ranging from nonspecific, at first glance, and strictly biochemical to hormone-induced reactions, genetic and epigenetic regulation, which allows for a broader and deeper understanding of the principles of oncogenesis, as well as maintaining the viability of cancer cells in the mammary gland. Specific pathways of the activation of oxidative stress have been studied as a response to the overproduction of stress hormones and estrogens, and specific ways to reduce its negative impact have been described. The diversity of participants that trigger redox reactions from different sides is considered more fully: glycolytic activity in breast cancer, and the nature of consumption of amino acids and metals. The role of metals in oxidative stress is discussed in detail. They can act as both co-factors and direct participants in oxidative stress, since they are either a trigger mechanism for lipid peroxidation or capable of activating signaling pathways that affect tumorigenesis. Special attention has been paid to the genetic and epigenetic regulation of breast tumors. A complex cascade of mechanisms of epigenetic regulation is explained, which made it possible to reconsider the existing opinion about the triggers and pathways for launching the oncological process, the survival of cancer cells and their ability to localize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 644099 Omsk, Russia;
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Ali Hussein M, Kamalakkannan A, Valinezhad K, Kannan J, Paleati N, Saad R, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Munirathinam G. The dynamic face of cadmium-induced Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms, emerging trends, and future directions. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 6:100166. [PMID: 38706786 PMCID: PMC11068539 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a malleable element with odorless, tasteless characteristics that occurs naturally in the earth's crust, underground water, and soil. The most common reasons for the anthropological release of Cd to the environment include industrial metal mining, smelting, battery manufacturing, fertilizer production, and cigarette smoking. Cadmium-containing products may enter the environment as soluble salts, vapor, or particle forms that accumulate in food, soil, water, and air. Several epidemiological studies have highlighted the association between Cd exposure and adverse health outcomes, especially renal toxicity, and the impact of Cd exposure on the development and progression of carcinogenesis. Also highlighted is the evidence for early-life and even maternal exposure to Cd leading to devastating health outcomes, especially the risk of cancer development in adulthood. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how Cd mediates carcinogenic transformation, including epigenetic alteration, DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modification, dysregulated non-coding RNA, DNA damage in the form of DNA mutation, strand breaks, and chromosomal abnormalities with double-strand break representing the most common DNA form of damage. Cd induces an indirect genotoxic effect by reducing p53's DNA binding activity, eventually impairing DNA repair, inducing downregulation in the expression of DNA repair genes, which might result in carcinogenic transformation, enhancing lipid peroxidation or evasion of antioxidant interference such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Moreover, Cd mediates apoptosis evasion, autophagy activation, and survival mechanisms. In this review, we decipher the role of Cd mediating carcinogenic transformation in different models and highlight the interaction between various mechanisms. We also discuss diagnostic markers, therapeutic interventions, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, 57357 Cairo, Egypt
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (IGHHE), School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Abishek Kamalakkannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Kamyab Valinezhad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Jhishnuraj Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Nikhila Paleati
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Undergraduate Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rama Saad
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - André Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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Onyena AP, Folorunso OM, Nwanganga N, Udom GJ, Ekhator OC, Frazzoli C, Ruggieri F, Bocca B, Orisakwe OE. Engaging One Health in Heavy Metal Pollution in Some Selected Nigerian Niger Delta Cities. A Systematic Review of Pervasiveness, Bioaccumulation and Subduing Environmental Health Challenges. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:1356-1389. [PMID: 37518840 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03762-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
The Niger Delta environment is under serious threat due to heavy metal pollution. Many studies have been conducted on the heavy metal contamination in soils, water, seafood and plants in the Niger Delta ecosystem. However, there is a lack of clear understanding of the health consequences for people and strategies for attaining One Health, and a dispersion of information that is accessible. The study focused on investigating the contamination levels, distributions, risks, sources and impacts of heavy metals in selected regions of the Niger Delta. Prior studies revealed that the levels of certain heavy metals, including Cd, Pb, Cu, Cr, Mn, Fe and Ni, in water, sediment, fish and plants in most Niger Delta ecosystems were higher than the acceptable threshold attributed to various anthropogenic stressors. In the reviewed Niger Delta states, ecosystems in Rivers state showed the highest concentrations of heavy metals in most sampled sites. Groundwater quality was recorded at concentrations higher than 0.3 mg/L World Health Organization drinking water guideline. High concentrations of copper (147.915 mg/L) and zinc (10.878 mg/L) were found in Rivers State. The heavy metals concentrations were greater in bottom-dwelling organisms such as bivalves, gastropods and shrimp than in other fishery species. Heavy metal exposure in the region poses risks of communicable and non-communicable diseases. Diverse remediation methods are crucial to reduce contamination levels, but comprehensive strategies and international cooperation are essential to address the health hazards. Actively reducing heavy metals in the environment can achieve One Health objectives and mitigate disease and economic burdens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amarachi P Onyena
- Department of Marine Environment and Pollution Control, Faculty of Marine Environmental Management, Nigeria Maritime University, Okerenkoko, Delta State, Nigeria
| | - Opeyemi M Folorunso
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, 5323, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Nkem Nwanganga
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Godswill J Udom
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria
| | | | - Chiara Frazzoli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Ageing, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Ruggieri
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Bocca
- Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Orish E Orisakwe
- African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, PMB, Port Harcourt, 5323, Rivers State, Nigeria.
- Provictorie Research Organisation, Rivers State, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
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Bimonte VM, Catanzaro G, Po A, Trocchianesi S, Besharat ZM, Spinello Z, Curreli M, Fabi A, Bei R, Milella M, Vacca A, Ferretti E, Migliaccio S. The endocrine disruptor cadmium modulates the androgen-estrogen receptors ratio and induces inflammatory cytokines in luminal (A) cell models of breast cancer. Endocrine 2024; 83:798-809. [PMID: 37979099 PMCID: PMC10902028 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03594-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy that affects women, and it is, to date, their leading cause of death. Luminal A molecular subtype accounts for 40% of BC and is characterized by hormone receptors positive/human epidermal growth factor 2 expression and current treatment consists of surgery plus aromatase inhibitor therapy. Interestingly, several studies demonstrated that the heavy metal cadmium (Cd), classified as a group 1 human carcinogen and widely spread in the environment, exerts estrogen-like activities in several tissues and suggested an intriguing relationship between increased Cd exposure and BC incidence. Thus, aim of this study was to evaluate effects of Cd on Luminal A BC estrogen receptor (ER) positive/progesterone receptor positive cell models in vitro to characterize the mechanism(s) involved in breast cell homeostasis disruption. METHODS T47D and MCF7 were exposed to Cd (0.5-1 µM) for 6-24 h to evaluate potential alterations in: cells viability, steroid receptors and intracellular signaling by western blot. Moreover, we evaluated the expression of inflammatory cytokines interleukin by RT-PCR. RESULTS Our results showed a significant induction of androgen receptor (AR) and an increased AR/ER ratio. Further, Cd exposure increased pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)6, IL8 and tumor necrosis factor α levels. Finally, as previously demonstrated by our group, Cd alters pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase family and protein kinase B. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study demonstrates that Cd modifies the expression and pattern of ERs and AR in BC cell lines, suggesting an alteration of BC cells homeostasis, likely predisposing to a carcinogenetic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana M Bimonte
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Catanzaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Agnese Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Sofia Trocchianesi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Zein Mersini Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Zaira Spinello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariaignazia Curreli
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, 00195, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Fabi
- Precision Medicine in Senology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Milella
- Department of Oncology, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Alessandra Vacca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Migliaccio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Foro Italico, 00195, Rome, Italy.
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Sajjad A, Ali S, Mumtaz S, Summer M, Farooq MA, Hassan A. Chemoprotective and immunomodulatory potential of Lactobacillus reuteri against cadmium chloride-induced breast cancer in mice. J Infect Chemother 2024:S1341-321X(24)00064-3. [PMID: 38423298 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2024.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The current study aimed to investigate the role of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri for the treatment and prevention of breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast cancer was induced by using Cadmium Chloride (Cd) (2 mg/kg) in group II. Tamoxifen was administered to group III. Group IV was treated with Lactobacillus reuteri. Group V was treated with Cd for one month and divided into three subgroups including VA, VB, and VC which were treated with tamoxifen, Lactobacillus reuteri, and tamoxifen + Lactobacillus reuteri, respectively. RESULTS Significantly higher levels of TNF-α (40.9 ± 4.2 pg/mL), IL-6 (28.0 ± 1.5 pg/mL), IL-10 (60.2 ± 2.0 pg/mL), IFN-γ (60.2 ± 2.0 pg/mL), ALAT (167.2 ± 6.2 U/l), ASAT (451.6 ± 13.9 U/l), and MDA (553.8 ± 19.6 U/l) was observed in Cd group. In comparison, significantly lower levels of TNF-α (18.0 ± 1.1 pg/mL), IL-6 (9.4 ± 0.4 pg/mL), IL-10 (20.8 ± 1.1 pg/mL), IFN-γ (20.8 ± 1.1 pg/mL), ALAT (85.2 ± 3.6 U/l), ASAT (185 ± 6.9 U/l), and MDA (246.0 ± 7.5 U/l) were observed in group Cd + Tam + LR. Liver histopathology of the Cd group showed hemorrhage and ductal aberrations. However, mild inflammation and healthier branched ducts were observed in treatment groups. Furthermore, the renal control group showed normal glomerular tufts, chronic inflammation from the Cd group, and relatively healthier glomerulus with mild inflammation in treatment groups. CONCLUSION Hence, the preventive and anticancerous role of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri is endorsed by the findings of the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Sajjad
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Shaukat Ali
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
| | - Samaira Mumtaz
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Summer
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adeel Farooq
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Hassan
- Medical Toxicology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
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Zimta AA, Cenariu D, Tigu AB, Moldovan C, Jurj A, Pirlog R, Pop C, Gurzau ES, Fischer-Fodor E, Pop L, Braicu C, Berindan-Neagoe I. Differential effect of the duration of exposure on the carcinogenicity of cadmium in MCF10A mammary epithelial cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 186:114523. [PMID: 38382870 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
The carcinogenic role of cadmium (Cd2+) in breast cancer is still debatable. Current data points to duration of exposure as the most important element. In our study, we designed an in vitro model to investigate the effects of 3 weeks versus 6 weeks of low-level CdCl2 exposure on MCF10A cells. Our results demonstrated that after 3 weeks of CdCl2 exposure the cells displayed significant changes in the DNA integrity, but there was no development of malignant features. Interestingly, after 6 weeks of exposure, the cells significantly increased their invasion, migration and colony formation capacities. Additionally, MCF10A cells exposed for 6 weeks to CdCl2 had many dysregulated genes (4905 up-regulated and 4262 down-regulated). As follows, Cd-induced phenotypical changes are accompanied by a profound modification of the transcriptomic landscape. Furthermore, the molecular alterations driving carcinogenesis in MCF10A cells exposed to CdCl2 were found to be influenced by the duration of exposure, as in the case of MEG8. This long non-coding RNA was down-regulated at 3 weeks, but up-regulated at 6 weeks of exposure. In conclusion, even very low levels of Cd (0.5 μM) can have significant carcinogenic effects on breast cells in the case of subchronic exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina-Andreea Zimta
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Diana Cenariu
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Moldovan
- MedFuture-Research Center for Advanced Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 4-6 Louis Pasteur Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Radu Pirlog
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Pop
- Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, 400240, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eugen S Gurzau
- Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, 400240, Cluj-Napoca, Romania; Cluj School of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 7 Pandurilor Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- Tumour Biology Department, The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuţă", 34-36 Republicii Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Laura Pop
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cornelia Braicu
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 23 Marinescu Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Chen Q, Liu Y, Bi L, Jin L, Peng R. Understanding the mechanistic roles of microplastics combined with heavy metals in regulating ferroptosis: Adding new paradigms regarding the links with diseases. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 242:117732. [PMID: 37996004 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
As a new type of pollutant, microplastics (MPs) commonly exist in today's ecosystems, causing damage to the ecological environment and the health of biological organisms, including human beings. MPs can function as carriers of heavy metals (HMs) to aggravate the enrichment of HMs in important organs of organisms, posing a great threat to health. Ferroptosis, a novel process for the regulation of nonapoptotic cell death, has been shown to be closely related to the occurrence and processes of MPs and HMs in diseases. In recent years, some HMs, such as cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), arsenic (As) and copper (Cu), have been proven to induce ferroptosis. MPs can function as carriers of HMs to aggravate damage to the body. This damage involves oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, lipid peroxidation (LPO), inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and so on. Therefore, ferroptosis has great potential as a therapeutic target for diseases induced by MPs combined with HMs. This paper systematically reviews the potential effects and regulatory mechanisms of MPs and HMs in the process of ferroptosis, focusing on the mitochondrial damage, Fe accumulation, LPO, ERS and inflammation caused by MPs and HMs that affect the regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis, providing new insights for research on regulating drugs and for the development of ferroptosis-targeting therapy for Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cancer and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Yinai Liu
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Liuliu Bi
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
| | - Renyi Peng
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, China.
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Pan J, Liu P, Yu X, Zhang Z, Liu J. The adverse role of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the reproductive system. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1324993. [PMID: 38303976 PMCID: PMC10832042 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1324993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Reproductive system diseases pose prominent threats to human physical and mental well-being. Besides being influenced by genetic material regulation and changes in lifestyle, the occurrence of these diseases is closely connected to exposure to harmful substances in the environment. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), characterized by hormone-like effects, have a wide range of influences on the reproductive system. EDCs are ubiquitous in the natural environment and are present in a wide range of industrial and everyday products. Currently, thousands of chemicals have been reported to exhibit endocrine effects, and this number is likely to increase as the testing for potential EDCs has not been consistently required, and obtaining data has been limited, partly due to the long latency of many diseases. The ability to avoid exposure to EDCs, especially those of artificially synthesized origin, is increasingly challenging. While EDCs can be divided into persistent and non-persistent depending on their degree of degradation, due to the recent uptick in research studies in this area, we have chosen to focus on the research pertaining to the detrimental effects on reproductive health of exposure to several EDCs that are widely encountered in daily life over the past six years, specifically bisphenol A (BPA), phthalates (PAEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), parabens, pesticides, heavy metals, and so on. By focusing on the impact of EDCs on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis, which leads to the occurrence and development of reproductive system diseases, this review aims to provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of EDCs' damage to human health and to encourage further in-depth research to clarify the potentially harmful effects of EDC exposure through various other mechanisms. Ultimately, it offers a scientific basis to enhance EDCs risk management, an endeavor of significant scientific and societal importance for safeguarding reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Pan
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pengfei Liu
- Gynecology Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Gynecology Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongming Zhang
- Zhang Zhongjing College of Chinese Medicine, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Gynecology Department, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Hu J, Wang L, Song Y, Li Y, Shen Y, Gao G, Qin L, Wu J, Mulchandani A. Ion imprinted polymers integrated into a multi-functional microfluidic paper-based analytical device for trace cadmium detection in water. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:179-188. [PMID: 38047435 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01787g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel multi-functional microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) integrated with ion imprinted polymers (IIPs) was proposed for specific, portable and low-cost detection of cadmium (Cd(II)) in water. The IIP was grafted on paper and integrated into the μPAD for separation of Cd(II) through multi-layer design. The paper-based screen printed carbon electrode (pSPCE) modified with reduced graphene oxide was fabricated and combined with the μPAD for electrochemical sensing of the separated Cd(II). Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was prepared via electroreduction on the working electrode surface of the pSPCE (rGO/pSPCE), which provided a sensitization effect with an improved signal for Cd(II) detection. The μPAD developed with the integrated IIP and combined with rGO/pSPCE is able to detect Cd(II) with a linear range from 1 ng ml-1 to 100 ng ml-1 and a detection limit of 0.05 ng ml-1. The accuracy of this μPAD was evaluated with spiked real water samples and compared with that of the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) method, from which the recovery values ranged from 96.5% to 114.2% with RSDs <10% between the two methods. This μPAD demonstrated its advantages of low-cost, portability, and suitability for highly sensitive detection of Cd(II), making it a valuable tool for on-site analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfang Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sensor, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
- State Key Laboratories of Toxicant Analysis, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 110000, China
| | - Linzhe Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sensor, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yu Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sensor, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yansheng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sensor, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yu Shen
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
| | - Guowei Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sensor, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100101, China.
- Key Laboratory of Modern Measurement and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Lei Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sensor, Beijing Information Science & Technology University, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jianfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratories of Toxicant Analysis, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 110000, China
| | - Ashok Mulchandani
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
- Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT), University of California, Riverside, CA 92507, USA
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Khoshakhlagh AH, Mohammadzadeh M, Bamel U, Gruszecka-Kosowska A. Human exposure to heavy metals and related cancer development: a bibliometric analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:109867-109888. [PMID: 37792180 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29939-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
As notifications on carcinogenicity of heavy metals increase, more and more attention is paid recently to heavy metals exposure. In our study, the human exposure to heavy metals and cancer knowledge epistemology was investigated using bibliometric analysis. The bibliometric data of the research articles were retrieved using following keywords: "heavy metal," "trace element", "cancer", "carcinogen", and "tumor" in the Scopus database. Specifically, 2118 articles published between 1972 and 2023 were found, covering a total of 1473 authors, 252 sources, and 2797 keywords. Retrospective data obtained from 251 documents and 145 journals were further analyzed by performance analysis and techniques of science mapping. The number of studies conducted in this field increased from one article published in 1972 to 18 articles published in 2022 in the study of Michael P Waalkes. The most impactful author regarding the number of published papers was Masoudreza Sohrabi with 7 publications. In the majority of the published papers, the most popular keywords were "cadmium" and "carcinogenicity". However, in recent 4 years, the emphasis has been placed more on epidemiology studies. Our study provides general knowledge about the trend of publication on the role of heavy metals in causing cancer. The leading researchers in the field of the effects of heavy metals on the development of cancer were identified in our studies. Our results might also create a better understanding of new and emerging issues and can be used as a comprehensive road map for future researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh
- Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdiyeh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Umesh Bamel
- OB & HRM Group, International Management Institute New Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Agnieszka Gruszecka-Kosowska
- Faculty of Geology, Geophysics, and Environmental Protection, Department of Environmental Protection, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
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11
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Yue Y, Zhang H, Deng P, Tan M, Chen C, Tang B, Li J, Chen F, Zhao Q, Li L, Hao R, Wang H, Luo Y, Tian L, Xie J, Chen M, Yu Z, Zhou Z, Pi H. Environmental cadmium exposure facilitates mammary tumorigenesis via reprogramming gut microbiota-mediated glutamine metabolism in MMTV-Erbb2 mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 897:165348. [PMID: 37429473 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that has been widely reported to be linked to the onset and progression of breast cancer (BC). However, the mechanism of Cd-induced mammary tumorigenesis remains elusive. In our study, a transgenic mouse model that spontaneously develops tumors through overexpression of wild-type Erbb2 (MMTV-Erbb2) was constructed to investigate the effects of Cd exposure on BC tumorigenesis. The results showed that oral exposure to 3.6 mg/L Cd for 23 weeks dramatically accelerated tumor appearance and growth, increased Ki67 density and enhanced focal necrosis and neovascularization in the tumor tissue of MMTV-Erbb2 mice. Notably, Cd exposure enhanced glutamine (Gln) metabolism in tumor tissue, and 6-diazo-5-oxo-l-norleucine (DON), a Gln metabolism antagonist, inhibited Cd-induced breast carcinogenesis. Then our metagenomic sequencing and mass spectrometry-based metabolomics confirmed that Cd exposure disturbed gut microbiota homeostasis, especially Helicobacter and Campylobacter abundance remodeling, which altered the gut metabolic homeostasis of Gln. Moreover, intratumoral Gln metabolism profoundly increased under Cd-elevated gut permeability. Importantly, depletion of microbiota with an antibiotic cocktail (AbX) treatment led to a significant delay in the appearance of palpable tumors, inhibition of tumor growth, decrease in tumor weight, reduction in Ki67 expression and low-grade pathology in Cd-exposed MMTV-Erbb2 mice. Also, transplantation of Cd-modulated microbiota decreased tumor latency, accelerated tumor growth, increased tumor weight, upregulated Ki67 expression and exacerbated neovascularization as well as focal necrosis in MMTV-Erbb2 mice. In summary, Cd exposure induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, elevated gut permeability and increased intratumoral Gln metabolism, leading to the promotion of mammary tumorigenesis. This study provides novel insights into environmental Cd exposure-mediated carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yue
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Huadong Zhang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ping Deng
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Miduo Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiang Ya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou 412000, Hunan, China
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jingdian Li
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Fengqiong Chen
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Rongrong Hao
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Yan Luo
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Jia Xie
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Mengyan Chen
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhengping Yu
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Center for Neurointelligence, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
| | - Huifeng Pi
- Department of Occupational Health (Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Radiation Protection, Ministry of Education), Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
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12
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Hajri AK, Hamdi N, Alharbi AA, Alsherari SA, Albalawi DA, Kelabi E, Ghnaya T. Evaluation of the potential of two halophytes to extract Cd and Zn from contaminated saltwater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:114525-114534. [PMID: 37861829 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30391-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of saltwater by toxic heavy metals has become a worldwide problem. The application of phytoextraction to remove these pollutants seems to be more efficient and cheaper compared to physicochemical methods. In this work, we evaluated the potential of two halophyte species to accumulate cadmium and zinc from contaminated water. Seedlings of Carpobrotus edulis L. and Sesuvium portulacastrum L. were cultivated during 1 month on pots filled with saltwater (200 mM NaCl) containing different concentrations of Cd2+ (0, 50, 100 μM) and of Zn2+ (0, 200, and 400 μM) applied separately. Results showed that both halophytes were more resistant to Zn2+ than Cd2+ and that Sesuvium better tolerates the two metals. Zn2+ and Cd2+ concentrations in the shoot as well as the values of translocation factors suggest that these species are able to absorb and to concentrate Cd2+ and Zn2+ in their roots and shoots. Hence, after 1 month of culture on 50 μM Cd2+, plants were able to extract 31% and 21% of Cd, respectively, in S. portulacastrum and C. edulis. The Zn-extraction efficiency was less important and reached 18 and 19%, respectively, in S. portulacastrum and C. edulis cultivated under 200 μM Zn2+. Given together, data demonstrate the efficiency of the use of halophytes, especially S. portulacastrum, to extract Zn2+ and Cd2+ from salt wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira K Hajri
- Department of Chemistry, Alwajh College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noureddine Hamdi
- Higher Institute of Water Sciences and Techniques of Gabes, University of Gabes, Gabes, Tunisia
- Laboratory of Composite Materials and Clay Minerals, National Center of Research in Materials Sciences (CNRSM), B.P. 73-8020, Soliman, Tunisia
| | - Amnah A Alharbi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahr A Alsherari
- Department of Chemistry, Alwajh College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doha A Albalawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Kelabi
- Department of Chemistry, Alwajh College, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tahar Ghnaya
- Higher Institute of Arts and Crafts of Tataouine, University of Gabes, Rue Omarr Eben Khattab, 6029, Gabes, Zerig, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Promotion of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Micro-Organisms, Institute of Arid Land, University of Gabes, 4100, Medenine, Tunisia.
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13
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Shi JW, Fan DX, Li MQ. The Relationship between Cadmium Exposure and Mortality in Postmenopausal Females: A Cohort Study of 2001-2018 NHANES. Nutrients 2023; 15:4604. [PMID: 37960256 PMCID: PMC10647223 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium is one of the most harmful elements to human health, and the health of postmenopausal females is an important public health issue. However, the correlation between exposure to cadmium and the survival status of postmenopausal women is currently not fully clear. This research intended to explore the correlation between cadmium exposure and mortality among postmenopausal females using a representative sample of the population in the U.S. We drew upon the data of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2001-2018). Cox's proportional hazards models and a restricted cubic spline regression (RCS) model were utilized to analyze the correlation between blood and urine cadmium and the mortality of postmenopausal women. Stratified analyses also were conducted to identify the highest risk factor of mortality for the participants. The mean concentration of blood cadmium was 0.59 μg/L, and the mean concentration of urine cadmium was 0.73 μg/g creatinine. Higher cadmium concentrations in blood and urine were significantly related to an increase in all-cause mortality for postmenopausal females after adjustment for multivariate covariates. Furthermore, there was a linear positive correlation between urine cadmium concentrations and cancer mortality, while there was no correlation between blood cadmium and cancer death. The correlation between cadmium concentrations and all-cause mortality is stronger in older, more overweight women with a history of hypertension or smoking. We propose that cadmium remains an important risk factor of all-cause and cancer mortality among postmenopausal females in the U.S. Further decreases in cadmium exposure in the population can promote the health of postmenopausal women and prolong their lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Wei Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China;
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Deng-Xuan Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Ming-Qing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China;
- Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200080, China
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14
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Charkiewicz AE, Omeljaniuk WJ, Nowak K, Garley M, Nikliński J. Cadmium Toxicity and Health Effects-A Brief Summary. Molecules 2023; 28:6620. [PMID: 37764397 PMCID: PMC10537762 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a ductile metal in the form of a blueish or silvery-white powder. It is naturally found in soil (about 0.2 mg/kg), minerals, and water. Cd belongs to the group of toxic, carcinogenic, and stimulating elements. Its biological half-life in the human body ranges from 16 to even 30 years on average. Some lung diseases (such as emphysema, asthma, and bronchitis) and high blood pressure are thought to be related to slow poisoning. The symptoms of cadmium poisoning may vary depending on the time of exposure, the type of diet, and the age and health status of the exposed people. For non-smokers and non-occupational exposures, the only source of exposure is diet. The FAO/WHO recommends that the tolerable cadmium intake for an adult is approximately 0.4-0.5 mg/week (60-70 µg per day). Cadmium is primarily absorbed through the respiratory system (about 13-19% of Cd from the air), but it can also enter through the digestive system (about 10-44%), when dust is mixed and swallowed with saliva. The amount of accumulated Cd ranges from 0.14 to 3.2 ppm in muscles, 1.8 ppm in bones, and 0.0052 ppm in the blood. People who are most frequently exposed to heavy metals should be continuously monitored in order to maintain a healthy lifestyle, as well as to implement effective preventive measures and improve public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Edyta Charkiewicz
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry and Division of Medical Education in English, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland
| | - Wioleta Justyna Omeljaniuk
- Department of Analysis and Bioanalysis of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, 15-222 Białystok, Poland
| | - Karolina Nowak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, C.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Marzena Garley
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy with the Division of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jacek Nikliński
- Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine with the Division of Dentistry and Division of Medical Education in English, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland
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15
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Tasleem S, Masud S, Habib SS, Naz S, Fazio F, Aslam M, Ullah M, Attaullah S. Investigation of the incidence of heavy metals contamination in commonly used fertilizers applied to vegetables, fish ponds, and human health risk assessments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:100646-100659. [PMID: 37639089 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29480-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Overuse of fertilizers on agricultural lands and fish ponds may result in serious pollution problems, such as heavy metals that can enter the food chain and pose serious health problems. Due to this, the present study investigates the incidence of heavy metals in commonly used fertilizers and its association with heavy metals in vegetables, soil, fish species, and pond water. Samples were collected from different sites (fields and ponds) in district Kohat, where the application of fertilizers was common and control groups (no fertilizers used). Heavy metal analysis was carried out through a spectrophotometer. Results showed higher Cd and Cr concentrations in triple superphosphate (TSP), Cu and Pb in nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK), while lower concentrations were found in gypsum. In vegetables (onion, tomato, brinjal, and potato) and associated soil, most of the heavy metals concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in fertilizer-applied sites than in the control. Also, the Cd concentration in potatoes and Pb level in all vegetables obtained from sites were greater than the WHO/FAO standard limit. In the case of fish species (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Cyprinus carpio) muscles and their habitat (water), all the understudy heavy metals were notably higher (P < 0.05) in fertilizer-applied sites (ponds) than the control group. Collectively, in all vegetables and muscles of fish species, the bioaccumulation factor was higher in sites compared to the control. The estimated daily intake (EDI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) values were also higher in fertilizer-applied sites (fields and ponds) than control. The health index (HI) value was > 1 in vegetables (onion, tomato, and potato) and fish muscles collected from different sites compared to the control. Thus, there is the possibility of severe health risks. The use of fertilizers must be carefully monitored in order to ensure that humans and animals are safe from exposure to heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samiyah Tasleem
- Department of Biotechnology, Hafiz Ilayas Institute of Pharmaceuticals and Herbal Sciences Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Samrah Masud
- Institute of Zoology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, 60800, Pakistan
| | - Syed Sikandar Habib
- Department of Zoology, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Punjab, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Saira Naz
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore Sargodha Campus, Sargodha, Punjab, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Francesco Fazio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, Via Palatuccisnc, University of Messina, 98168, Messina, Italy.
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Mujeeb Ullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Attaullah
- Department of Zoology, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 25120, Pakistan
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16
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Silva SB, Ruiz TFR, Dos Santos FCA, Taboga SR, Vilamaior PSL. Impacts of heavy metal exposure on the prostate of murine models: Mechanisms of toxicity. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 120:108448. [PMID: 37490985 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are elements found into the environment mainly due to anthropogenic activities. Naturally occurring and higher released doses cause disorders in the prostate, which depends on appropriate hormonal regulation, and exposure to heavy metals may impair prostate homeostasis. The current work highlighted the main mechanisms of toxicity of different environmental heavy metal contaminants, such as aluminum, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury, and nickel, and their impacts found in the prostate morphophysiology of murine models. The repercussions triggered by heavy metals on the prostate include hormonal imbalance and oxidative damage, leading to morphological alterations, which can vary according to the chemical properties of each element, exposure time and concentration, and age. The information of altered biological pathways and its impacts on the prostate of exposed murines are related to human outcomes being useful in the real context of human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Bicalho Silva
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thalles Fernando Rocha Ruiz
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cristina Alcantara Dos Santos
- Department of Histology, Embryology and Cell Biology, Laboratory of Microscopy Applied to Reproduction, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Sebastião Roberto Taboga
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia Simone Leite Vilamaior
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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17
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Wu H, Sun J, Zhou W, Hashem IA, Cai J, Xiao N. Crop effect and mechanism of amino acid-modified biomass ash in remediation of cadmium-contaminated soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:101026-101034. [PMID: 37644271 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass ash (BA) has certain adsorption and passivation effects on heavy metals, but its function is generally weak. Amino acid salt can facilitate the leaching of heavy metals in soil. Therefore, modification of BA with amino acid salt may realize a higher leaching rate and better passivation of heavy metals in soil. In this study, BA was modified by amino acid hydrolysate obtained from the hydrolysis of chicken feathers by sulfuric acid. The physicochemical properties of BA and modified BA (MBA), their effects on Chinese cabbage (CC) yield and nutritional quality, and passivation effects on soil cadmium (Cd) were compared, and the related mechanisms were investigated. SEM-EDS, XRD, and FTIR demonstrated that BA was a CaCO3-type soil amendment, while MBA was a CaSO4-type soil amendment with the loading of amino acid. Compared with BA, MBA significantly increased the fresh weight, soluble sugar, vitamin C (Vc), and protein contents of CC in both non-Cd contaminated soil and Cd contaminated soil, and obviously decreased the nitrate content and Cd uptake of CC in Cd-contaminated soil. After the application of MBA, cadmium species in potted soil were transformed from higher plant availability, representing by exchangeable and carbonate-bound, into lower plant availability, representing by iron-manganese oxide bound, which was identified as the key reason for the significant reduction of Cd content in CC under MBA application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haopeng Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Lab of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiamei Sun
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Lab of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wenbing Zhou
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Lab of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Inas A Hashem
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Lab of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Department of Soils and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Qalyubia, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Jianbo Cai
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Lab of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Naidong Xiao
- Frontiers Science Center for Animal Breeding and Sustainable Production, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Lab of Ecological and Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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18
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Wu C, Fang F, Yu Y, Wang B, Gao H, Cui W. Multi-omics analyses of serum metabolome, urine metabolome and gut microbiome reveal dysregulated glycerophospholipid metabolism in subacute cadmium-exposed wistar rats. Toxicology 2023:153594. [PMID: 37451531 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Data is limited on intestinal microbiota and metabolites in healthy residents exposed to cadmium (Cd), a population uniquely susceptible to Cd toxicity through contaminated foods. In this study, the 16S rRNA gene sequencing, serum metabolomics and urine metabolomics were performed to examine the alterations of gut microbiota and metabolomics profile of wistar rats exposed to Cd. These findings indicated that Cd exposure markedly altered the structure of gut microbial community, reduced significantly microbiome diversity, and identified 5 phyla and 6 genera with significant changes. Specifically, the levels of Pseudoxanthomonas and Anaerovibrio upregulated and that of Akkermansia, Brachyspira, Aggregatibacter and SMB53 reduced in rats treated with Cd. Metabolomics profiles of the urine and serum of Cd-treated rats revealed that the abundance of glycerophospholipid metabolites and their derivatives were markedly altered. Glycerophospholipid metabolic pathways that were markedly enriched in metabolomics in both samples was also significantly predicted in gut microbiota analysis. Further, interaction analysis predicted that there might be a relationship between the differential glycerophospholipid metabolites and affected bacteria genera induced by Cd. These results suggested that subacute Cd could disrupt the intestinal microecologica equilibrium and glycerophospholipid metabolic homeostasis, and also provided potential differential microbiota and glycerophospholipid biomarkers between subacute Cd-exposed rats and healthy rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Clinical Laboratory, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Physical and Chemical Test, Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun, China
| | - Haicheng Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun, China.
| | - Weiwei Cui
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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19
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Dettwiler M, Flynn AC, Rigutto-Farebrother J. Effects of Non-Essential "Toxic" Trace Elements on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Narrative Overview of Recent Literature Syntheses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5536. [PMID: 37107818 PMCID: PMC10139051 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes and their complications cause increased maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality and contribute considerably to the global burden of disease. In the last two decades, numerous narrative and systematic reviews have emerged assessing non-essential, potentially harmful, trace element exposure as a potential risk factor. This narrative review summarizes the recent literature covering associations between exposure to cadmium, lead, arsenic, and mercury and pregnancy outcomes and highlights common limitations of existing evidence that may hinder decision-making within public health. Several initial scoping searches informed our review, and we searched PubMed (latest date July 2022) for the literature published within the last five years reporting on cadmium, lead, arsenic, or mercury and pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, or prenatal growth. Pre-eclampsia may be associated with cadmium and strongly associated with lead exposure, and exposure to these metals may increase risk of preterm birth. Many reviews have observed cadmium to be negatively associated with birth weight. Additionally, lead and arsenic exposure may be negatively associated with birth weight, with arsenic exposure also adversely affecting birth length and head circumference. These findings should be interpreted with caution due to the limitations of the reviews summarized in this paper, including high heterogeneity due to different exposure assessment methods, study designs, and timing of sampling. Other common limitations were the low quality of the included studies, differences in confounding variables, the low number of studies, and small sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dettwiler
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Angela C. Flynn
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, King’s College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
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Modica R, Benevento E, Colao A. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and cancer: new perspectives on an old relationship. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:667-677. [PMID: 36526827 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01983-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Environmental endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are a mixture of chemical compounds capable to interfere with endocrine axis at different levels and to which population is daily exposed. This paper aims to review the relationship between EDCs and breast, prostate, testicle, ovary, and thyroid cancer, discussing carcinogenic activity of known EDCs, while evaluating the impact on public health. METHODS A literature review regarding EDCs and cancer was carried out with particular interest on meta-analysis and human studies. RESULTS The definition of EDCs has been changed through years, and currently there are no common criteria to test new chemicals to clarify their possible carcinogenic activity. Moreover, it is difficult to assess the full impact of human exposure to EDCs because adverse effects develop latently and manifest at different ages, even if preclinical and clinical evidence suggest that developing fetus and neonates are most vulnerable to endocrine disruption. CONCLUSION EDCs represent a major environmental and health issue that has a role in cancer development. There are currently some EDCs that can be considered as carcinogenic, like dioxin and cadmium for breast and thyroid cancer; arsenic, asbestos, and dioxin for prostate cancer; and organochlorines/organohalogens for testicular cancer. New evidence supports the role of other EDCs as possible carcinogenic and pregnant women should avoid risk area and exposure. The relationship between EDCs and cancer supports the need for effective prevention policies increasing public awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Modica
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit of Federico, II University of Naples, Via Pansini N.5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - E Benevento
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit of Federico, II University of Naples, Via Pansini N.5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - A Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit of Federico, II University of Naples, Via Pansini N.5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair On "Health Education and Sustainable Development", Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini N.5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Ayachi I, Ghabriche R, Zineb AB, Hanana M, Abdelly C, Ghnaya T. NaCl effect on Cd accumulation and cell compartmentalization in barley. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:49215-49225. [PMID: 36773250 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-25791-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) on cadmium (Cd) tolerance, uptake, translocation, and compartmentation was investigated in 3 barley genotypes. Seedlings were cultivated hydroponically in the absence of NaCl and Cd (control), in the presence of 50 mM NaCl alone, in the presence of 10 µM Cd alone, and in the combined addition of NaCl (50 mM) and Cd (10 µM). Plants were cultivated during one month under 16 h light period at a minimal light intensity of 250 µmol m-2 s-1, a temperature of 25 ± 3 °C, and 70-80% of relative humidity. Results showed that NaCl alone did not significantly affect plant development and biomass production; however, Cd alone reduced plant development rate leading to a decline in biomass production in Raihane and Giza 127 but did not affect that in Amalou. NaCl addition in Cd-treated plants accentuated the Cd effect on plant growth. NaCl limited Cd accumulation in the roots and in the shoots in all tested barley varieties by reducing Cd-absorption efficiency and the translocation of Cd from the root to the shoot. In all Cd-treated plants, cell Cd compartmentalization showed the following gradient: organelles < cell wall < vacuole. NaCl in the medium increased Cd accumulation in the soluble fraction and reduced that in organelle and cell wall fractions. Globally our results showed that, although NaCl reduces Cd accumulation in barley, it accentuates the Cd toxic effects, hence limiting the plant yield. We advise farmers to avoid barley cultivation near mine sites and its irrigation with moderately salty water, although this plant is considered as salt tolerant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ayachi
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, BP 901, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Rim Ghabriche
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, BP 901, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Ameni Ben Zineb
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Physiology, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, BP 901 Hammam-Lif 2050, Borj-Cedria, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Hanana
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, BP 901, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chedly Abdelly
- Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Biotechnology Center of Borj Cedria, Hammam-Lif 2050, BP 901, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Tahar Ghnaya
- Higher Institute of Arts and Crafts of Tataouine, University of Gabes, Rue Omarr Eben Khattab, 6029, Zerig-Gabes, Tunisia.
- Laboratory of Pastoral Ecosystems and Promotion of Spontaneous Plants and Associated Micro-Organisms, Institute of Arid Land, University of Gabes, 4100, MedenineZerig-Gabes, Tunisia.
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Sasikumar S, Yuvraj S, Veilumuthu P, Godwin Christopher JS, Anandkumar P, Nagarajan T, Sureshkumar S, Selvam GS. Ascorbic acid attenuates cadmium-induced myocardial hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte injury through Nrf2 signaling pathways comparable to resveratrol. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:108. [PMID: 36875963 PMCID: PMC9978049 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03527-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic cadmium (Cd) exposure severely affects the structural integrity of the heart, leading to cardiovascular disease. This study investigates the protective role of ascorbic acid (AA) and resveratrol (Res) in cellular defense against Cd-induced cardiomyocyte damage and myocardial hypertrophy in H9c2 cardiomyocytes. Experimental results showed that AA and Res treatment significantly increased cell viability, reduced ROS production, attenuated lipid peroxidation, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity in Cd-induced H9c2 cells. AA and Res decreased the mitochondrial membrane permeability and protected the cells from Cd induced cardiomyocyte damage. This also suppressed the pathological hypertrophic response triggered by Cd, which increased the cell size of cardiomyocytes. Gene expression studies revealed that cells treated with AA and Res decreased the expression of hypertrophic genes ANP (two-fold), BNP (one-fold) and β- MHC (two-fold) compared to Cd exposed cells. AA and Res promoted the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and increased the expression of antioxidant genes (HO-1, NQO1, SOD and CAT) during Cd mediated myocardial hypertrophy. This study proves that AA and Res play a significant role in improving Nrf2 signaling, thereby reversing stress-induced injury, and facilitating the regression of myocardial hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundaresan Sasikumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021 India
| | - Subramani Yuvraj
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021 India
| | | | | | | | | | - Selvaraj Sureshkumar
- Department of Microbiology, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Govindan Sadasivam Selvam
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Cardiology Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021 India
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du Plessis M, Fourie C, Stone W, Engelbrecht AM. The impact of endocrine disrupting compounds and carcinogens in wastewater: Implications for breast cancer. Biochimie 2023; 209:103-115. [PMID: 36775066 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of breast cancer is often associated with geographic variation which indicates that a person's surrounding environment can be an important etiological factor in cancer development. Environmental risk factors can include exposure to sewage- or wastewater, which consist of a complex mixture of pathogens, mutagens and carcinogens. Wastewater contains primarily carbonaceous, nitrogenous and phosphorus compounds, however it can also contain trace amounts of chemical pollutants including toxic metal cations, hydrocarbons and pesticides. More importantly, the contamination of drinking water by wastewater is a potential source of exposure to mammary carcinogens and endocrine disrupting compounds. Organic solvents and other pollutants often found in wastewater have been detected in various tissues, including breast and adipose tissues. Furthermore, these pollutants such as phenolic compounds in some detergents and plastics, as well as parabens and pesticides can mimic estrogen. High estrogen levels are a well-established risk factor for estrogen-receptor (ER) positive breast cancer. Therefore, exposure to wastewater is a risk factor for the initiation, progression and metastasis of breast cancer. Carcinogens present in wastewater can promote tumourigenesis through various mechanisms, including the formation of DNA adducts, gene mutations and oxidative stress. Lastly, the presence of endocrine disrupting compounds in wastewater can have negative implications for ER-positive breast cancers, where these molecules can activate ERα to promote cell proliferation, survival and metastasis. As such, strategies should be implemented to limit exposure, such as providing funding into treatment technologies and implementation of regulations that limit the production and use of these potentially harmful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha du Plessis
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
| | - Carla Fourie
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa.
| | - Wendy Stone
- Stellenbosch University Water Institute, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa
| | - Anna-Mart Engelbrecht
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, 7600, South Africa; African Cancer Institute (ACI), Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg Campus, South Africa
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Johns CE, Gattu M, Camilli S, Desaraju A, Kolliputi N, Galam L. The Cd/Zn Axis: Emerging Concepts in Cellular Fate and Cytotoxicity. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020316. [PMID: 36830685 PMCID: PMC9953193 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic and carcinogenic substance that is present in the natural environment. The underlying biomolecular mechanisms of Cd toxicity are not completely understood, and it continues to be a significant research target due to its impact on public health. The primary routes of exposure are through ingestion of contaminated food and water and inhalation. Cd's long biological half-life of 10-30 years allows it to accumulate in the body, leading to organ dysfunction notably in the kidney, liver, bone, and lungs. Cd has similar biochemical characteristics to Zinc (Zn). It shares the import transporters, ZIP8 and ZIP14, to enter the cells. This competitive behavior can be observed in multiple instances throughout the progression of Cd toxicity. Future studies on the biochemical interactions of Cd and Zn will elucidate the potential protective effects of Zn supplementation in reducing the effects of Cd toxicity. In addition, research can be focused on discovering key proteins and effective pathways for Cd elimination that confer fewer adverse effects than current antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lakshmi Galam
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-813-974-5419; Fax: +1-813-974-8575
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Zhao L, Islam R, Wang Y, Zhang X, Liu LZ. Epigenetic Regulation in Chromium-, Nickel- and Cadmium-Induced Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235768. [PMID: 36497250 PMCID: PMC9737485 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metals, such as hexavalent chromium, nickel, and cadmium, are major health concerns worldwide. Some heavy metals are well-documented human carcinogens. Multiple mechanisms, including DNA damage, dysregulated gene expression, and aberrant cancer-related signaling, have been shown to contribute to metal-induced carcinogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms accounting for heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis are still not fully understood. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have indicated that in addition to genotoxicity and genetic mutations, epigenetic mechanisms play critical roles in metal-induced cancers. Epigenetics refers to the reversible modification of genomes without changing DNA sequences; epigenetic modifications generally involve DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNAs. Epigenetic regulation is essential for maintaining normal gene expression patterns; the disruption of epigenetic modifications may lead to altered cellular function and even malignant transformation. Therefore, aberrant epigenetic modifications are widely involved in metal-induced cancer formation, development, and angiogenesis. Notably, the role of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis and angiogenesis remains largely unknown, and further studies are urgently required. In this review, we highlight the current advances in understanding the roles of epigenetic mechanisms in heavy metal-induced carcinogenesis, cancer progression, and angiogenesis.
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Goren A, Genisoglu M, Kazancı Y, Sofuoglu SC. Countrywide Spatial Variation of Potentially Toxic Element Contamination in Soils of Turkey and Assessment of Population Health Risks for Nondietary Ingestion. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:36457-36467. [PMID: 36278098 PMCID: PMC9583639 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Countrywide surface soil concentrations of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in Turkey were reviewed in the Web of Science database. A total of 93 papers were investigated to compose a PTE dataset for determining spatial variations and estimating exposure and health risks. Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn were selected as PTEs in surface soil. A compiled PTE concentration dataset was used to estimate chronic toxic risks (CTRs) and carcinogenic risks (CRs) according to the deterministic and probabilistic approaches. While the CTR and CR levels of age and sex groups were estimated using a deterministic approach, population risks were estimated using a probabilistic approach. CTR and CR levels in lower age groups and female sex groups were estimated to be higher than those in higher age groups and associated male sex groups. The average CTR levels of the nondietary ingestion of As-containing soil in <11 year age groups were near/just above the threshold level, while As-associated average CR levels of adults and other age groups were estimated to be in the acceptable risk range (10-6 < CR < 10-5) and low priority risk range (10-5 < CR < 10-4), respectively. As-, Cr(VI)-, and Pb-associated upper-bound CR levels of the Turkish population were simulated to be 5.14 × 10-4, 6.23 × 10-5, and 2.34 × 10-6, respectively. Health risk models show the significance of As in both chronic toxic and carcinogenic effects.
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Fast Detection of Cadmium in Chocolate by Solid Sampling Electrothermal Vaporization Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Its Application on Dietary Exposure Risk Assessment. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196197. [PMID: 36234728 PMCID: PMC9572000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a rapid detection method using solid sampling electrothermal vaporization atomic absorption spectrometry (SS-ETV-AAS) was established for cadmium in chocolate. The instrumental system includes a solid sampling ETV unit, a catalytic pyrolysis furnace, an AAS detector, and a gas supply system with only an air pump and a hydrogen generator. Herein, MgO material with 1.0−1.5 mm particle size was first employed to replace the kaolin filler previously used to further shorten the peak width and to thereby improve the sensitivity. With 350 mL/min of air, a chocolate sample was heated for 25 s from 435 to 464 °C to remove water and organic matrices; then, after supplying 240 mL/min hydrogen and turning down air to 120 mL/min, a N2/H2 mixture gas was formed to accelerate Cd vaporization from chocolate residue under 465 to 765 °C. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limit (LOD) was obviously lowered to 70 pg/g (vs. previous 150 pg/g) with R2 > 0.999; the relative standard deviations (RSD) of repeated measurements for real chocolate samples ranged from 1.5% to 6.4%, indicating a favorable precision; and the Cd recoveries were in the range of 93−107%, proving a satisfied accuracy. Thus, the total analysis time is less than 3 min without the sample digestion process. Thereafter, 78 chocolate samples with different brands from 9 producing countries in China market were collected and measured by this proposed method. Based on the measured Cd concentrations, a dietary exposure assessment was performed for Chinese residents, and the target hazard quotient (THQ) values are all less than 1, proving no significant health risk from intaking chocolate cadmium for Chinese residents.
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