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Kumar V, Nadarajan S, Boddupally D, Wang R, Bar E, Davidovich-Rikanati R, Doron-Faigenboim A, Alkan N, Lewinsohn E, Elad Y, Oren-Shamir M. Phenylalanine treatment induces tomato resistance to Tuta absoluta via increased accumulation of benzenoid/phenylpropanoid volatiles serving as defense signals. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 119:84-99. [PMID: 38578218 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Tuta absoluta ("leafminer"), is a major pest of tomato crops worldwide. Controlling this insect is difficult due to its efficient infestation, rapid proliferation, and resilience to changing weather conditions. Furthermore, chemical pesticides have only a short-term effect due to rapid development of T. absoluta strains. Here, we show that a variety of tomato cultivars, treated with external phenylalanine solutions exhibit high resistance to T. absoluta, under both greenhouse and open field conditions, at different locations. A large-scale metabolomic study revealed that tomato leaves absorb and metabolize externally given Phe efficiently, resulting in a change in their volatile profile, and repellence of T. absoluta moths. The change in the volatile profile is due to an increase in three phenylalanine-derived benzenoid phenylpropanoid volatiles (BPVs), benzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, and 2-phenylethanol. This treatment had no effect on terpenes and green leaf volatiles, known to contribute to the fight against insects. Phe-treated plants also increased the resistance of neighboring non-treated plants. RNAseq analysis of the neighboring non-treated plants revealed an exclusive upregulation of genes, with enrichment of genes related to the plant immune response system. Exposure of tomato plants to either benzaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde, or 2-phenylethanol, resulted in induction of genes related to the plant immune system that were also induced due to neighboring Phe-treated plants. We suggest a novel role of phenylalanine-derived BPVs as mediators of plant-insect interactions, acting as inducers of the plant defense mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kumar
- Department of Ornamental Plants and Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
- Center for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500043, India
| | - Stalin Nadarajan
- Department of Ornamental Plants and Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Dayakar Boddupally
- Department of Ornamental Plants and Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Ru Wang
- Department of Ornamental Plants and Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Einat Bar
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agriculture Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, The Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Rachel Davidovich-Rikanati
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agriculture Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, The Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Adi Doron-Faigenboim
- Department of Vegetable and Field Crops, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Noam Alkan
- Department of Postharvest Science, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Efraim Lewinsohn
- Department of Vegetable Crops, Agriculture Research Organization, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, The Volcani Center, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel
| | - Yigal Elad
- Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Research, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
| | - Michal Oren-Shamir
- Department of Ornamental Plants and Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, 68 HaMaccabim Road, P.O.B 15159, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel
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Bellec L, Hervé MR, Mercier AS, Lenal PA, Faure S, Cortesero AM. A protocol for increased throughput phenotyping of plant resistance to the pollen beetle. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:2235-2240. [PMID: 36309935 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving crop resistance to insect herbivores is a major research objective in breeding programs. Although genomic technologies have increased the speed at which large populations can be genotyped, breeding programs still suffer from phenotyping constraints. The pollen beetle (Brassicogethes aeneus) is a major pest of oilseed rape for which no resistant cultivar is available to date, but previous studies have highlighted the potential of white mustard as a source of resistance and introgression of this resistance appears to be a promising strategy. Here we present a phenotyping protocol allowing mid-throughput (i.e., increased throughput compared to current methods) acquisition of resistance data, which could then be used for genetic mapping of QTLs. RESULTS Contrasted white mustard genotypes were selected from an initial field screening and then evaluated for their resistance under controlled conditions using a standard phenotyping method on entire plants. We then upgraded this protocol for mid-throughput phenotyping, by testing two alternative methods. We found that phenotyping on detached buds did not provide the same resistance contrasts as observed with the standard protocol, in contrast to the phenotyping protocol with miniaturized plants. This protocol was then tested on a large panel composed of hundreds of plants. A significant variation in resistance among genotypes was observed, which validates the large-scale application of this new phenotyping protocol. CONCLUSION The combination of this mid-throughput phenotyping protocol and white mustard as a source of resistance against the pollen beetle offers a promising avenue for breeding programs aiming to improve oilseed rape resistance. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bellec
- IGEPP-UMR 1349, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France
- Innolea, 6 Chemin de Panedautes, Mondonville, France
| | - Maxime R Hervé
- IGEPP-UMR 1349, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Rennes 1, Rennes, France
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Złotkowska E, Wlazło A, Kiełkiewicz M, Misztal K, Dziosa P, Soja K, Barczak-Brzyżek A, Filipecki M. Automated imaging coupled with AI-powered analysis accelerates the assessment of plant resistance to Tetranychus urticae. Sci Rep 2024; 14:8020. [PMID: 38580663 PMCID: PMC10997613 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58249-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The two-spotted spider mite (TSSM), Tetranychus urticae, is among the most destructive piercing-sucking herbivores, infesting more than 1100 plant species, including numerous greenhouse and open-field crops of significant economic importance. Its prolific fecundity and short life cycle contribute to the development of resistance to pesticides. However, effective resistance loci in plants are still unknown. To advance research on plant-mite interactions and identify genes contributing to plant immunity against TSSM, efficient methods are required to screen large, genetically diverse populations. In this study, we propose an analytical pipeline utilizing high-resolution imaging of infested leaves and an artificial intelligence-based computer program, MITESPOTTER, for the precise analysis of plant susceptibility. Our system accurately identifies and quantifies eggs, feces and damaged areas on leaves without expert intervention. Evaluation of 14 TSSM-infested Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes originating from diverse global locations revealed significant variations in symptom quantity and distribution across leaf surfaces. This analytical pipeline can be adapted to various pest and host species, facilitating diverse experiments with large specimen numbers, including screening mutagenized plant populations or phenotyping polymorphic plant populations for genetic association studies. We anticipate that such methods will expedite the identification of loci crucial for breeding TSSM-resistant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Złotkowska
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Wlazło
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kiełkiewicz
- Department of Applied Entomology, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Misztal
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
- diCELLa Ltd., Kraków, Poland
| | - Paulina Dziosa
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Anna Barczak-Brzyżek
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Filipecki
- Department of Plant Genetics, Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
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Liu Y, Wang X, Luo S, Ma L, Zhang W, Xuan S, Wang Y, Zhao J, Shen S, Ma W, Gu A, Chen X. Metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses identify quinic acid protecting eggplant from damage caused by western flower thrips. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:5113-5123. [PMID: 36053852 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Western flower thrips are considered the major insect pest of horticultural crops worldwide, causing economic and yield loss to Solanaceae crops. The eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) resistance against thrips remains largely unexplored. This work aims to identify thrips-resistant eggplants and dissect the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance using the integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of thrips-resistant and -susceptible cultivars. RESULTS We developed a micro-cage thrips bioassay to identify thrips-resistant eggplant cultivars, and highly resistant cultivars were identified from wild eggplant relatives. Metabolomic profiles of thrips-resistant and -susceptible eggplant were compared using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based approach, resulting in the identification of a higher amount of quinic acid in thrips-resistant eggplant compared to the thrips-susceptible plant. RNA-sequencing analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by comparing genome-wide gene expression changes between thrips-resistant and -susceptible eggplants. Consistent with metabolomic analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs revealed that the starch and sucrose metabolic pathway in which quinic acid is a metabolic by-product was highly enriched. External application of quinic acid enhances the resistance of susceptible eggplant to thrips. CONCLUSION Our results showed that quinic acid plays a key role in the resistance to thrips. These findings highlight a potential application of quinic acid as a biocontrol agent to manage thrips and expand our knowledge to breed thrips-resistant eggplant. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuangxia Luo
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Lisong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuxin Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Jianjun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Shuxing Shen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Wei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Aixia Gu
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation, Key Laboratory of Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Hebei, Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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De-la-Cruz IM, Batsleer F, Bonte D, Diller C, Hytönen T, Muola A, Osorio S, Posé D, Vandegehuchte ML, Stenberg JA. Evolutionary Ecology of Plant-Arthropod Interactions in Light of the "Omics" Sciences: A Broad Guide. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:808427. [PMID: 35548276 PMCID: PMC9084618 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.808427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aboveground plant-arthropod interactions are typically complex, involving herbivores, predators, pollinators, and various other guilds that can strongly affect plant fitness, directly or indirectly, and individually, synergistically, or antagonistically. However, little is known about how ongoing natural selection by these interacting guilds shapes the evolution of plants, i.e., how they affect the differential survival and reproduction of genotypes due to differences in phenotypes in an environment. Recent technological advances, including next-generation sequencing, metabolomics, and gene-editing technologies along with traditional experimental approaches (e.g., quantitative genetics experiments), have enabled far more comprehensive exploration of the genes and traits involved in complex ecological interactions. Connecting different levels of biological organization (genes to communities) will enhance the understanding of evolutionary interactions in complex communities, but this requires a multidisciplinary approach. Here, we review traditional and modern methods and concepts, then highlight future avenues for studying the evolution of plant-arthropod interactions (e.g., plant-herbivore-pollinator interactions). Besides promoting a fundamental understanding of plant-associated arthropod communities' genetic background and evolution, such knowledge can also help address many current global environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan M. De-la-Cruz
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Femke Batsleer
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dries Bonte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carolina Diller
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Timo Hytönen
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- NIAB EMR, West Malling, United Kingdom
| | - Anne Muola
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
- Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Finland
| | - Sonia Osorio
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - David Posé
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea “La Mayora”, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus de Teatinos, Málaga, Spain
| | - Martijn L. Vandegehuchte
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Johan A. Stenberg
- Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
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Steele SE, Ryder OA, Maschinski J. RNA-Seq reveals adaptive genetic potential of the rare Torrey pine (Pinus torreyana) in the face of Ips bark beetle outbreaks. CONSERV GENET 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-021-01394-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Egan LM, Hofmann RW, Ghamkhar K, Hoyos-Villegas V. Prospects for Trifolium Improvement Through Germplasm Characterisation and Pre-breeding in New Zealand and Beyond. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:653191. [PMID: 34220882 PMCID: PMC8242581 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.653191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trifolium is the most used pastoral legume genus in temperate grassland systems, and a common feature in meadows and open space areas in cities and parks. Breeding of Trifolium spp. for pastoral production has been going on for over a century. However, the breeding targets have changed over the decades in response to different environmental and production pressures. Relatively small gains have been made in Trifolium breeding progress. Trifolium breeding programmes aim to maintain a broad genetic base to maximise variation. New Zealand is a global hub in Trifolium breeding, utilising exotic germplasm imported by the Margot Forde Germplasm Centre. This article describes the history of Trifolium breeding in New Zealand as well as the role and past successes of utilising genebanks in forage breeding. The impact of germplasm characterisation and evaluation in breeding programmes is also discussed. The history and challenges of Trifolium breeding and its effect on genetic gain can be used to inform future pre-breeding decisions in this genus, as well as being a model for other forage legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy M. Egan
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Narrabri, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Rainer W. Hofmann
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Kioumars Ghamkhar
- AgResearch Grasslands Research Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Valerio Hoyos-Villegas
- Department of Plant Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Saeidnia F, Majidi MM, Mirlohi A. Marker-trait association analysis for drought tolerance in smooth bromegrass. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:116. [PMID: 33632123 PMCID: PMC7908751 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02891-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little information is available on the application of marker-trait association (MTA) analysis for traits related to drought tolerance in smooth bromegrass. The objectives of this study were to identify marker loci associated with important agronomic traits and drought tolerance indices as well as fining stable associations in a diverse panel of polycross derived genotypes of smooth bromegrass. Phenotypic evaluations were performed at two irrigation regimes (normal and deficit irrigation) during 2 years; and association analysis was done with 626 SRAP markers. RESULTS The results of population structure analysis identified three main subpopulations possessing significant genetic differences. Under normal irrigation, 68 and 57 marker-trait associations were identified using general linear model (GLM) and mixed linear mode1 (MLM), respectively. While under deficit irrigation, 61 and 54 markers were associated with the genes controlling the studied traits, based on these two models, respectively. Some of the markers were associated with more than one trait. It was revealed that markers Me1/Em5-11, Me1/Em3-15, and Me5/Em4-7 were consistently linked with drought-tolerance indices. CONCLUSION Following marker validation, the MTAs reported in this panel could be useful tools to initiate marker-assisted selection (MAS) and targeted trait introgression of smooth bromegrass under normal and deficit irrigation regimes, and possibly fine mapping and cloning of the underlying genes and QTLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Saeidnia
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111 Iran
| | - M. M. Majidi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111 Iran
| | - A. Mirlohi
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111 Iran
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Costa LC, Nalin RS, Dias MA, Ferreira ME, Song Q, Pastor-Corrales MA, Hurtado-Gonzales OP, de Souza EA. Different loci control resistance to different isolates of the same race of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in common bean. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2021; 134:543-556. [PMID: 33130954 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-020-03713-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Linkage and genome-wide association analyses using high-throughput SNP genotyping revealed different loci controlling resistance to different isolates of race 65 of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum in common bean. Development of varieties with durable resistance to anthracnose is a major challenge in common bean breeding programs because of the extensive virulence diversity of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum fungus. We used linkage and genome-wide association analyses to tap the genomic regions associated with resistance to different isolates of race 65. Linkage mapping was done using an F2 population derived from the cross between the Mesoamerican common beans BRS Estilo x Ouro Vermelho, inoculated with two different isolates of race 65. Association genetics relied on a diversity common bean panel containing 189 common bean accessions inoculated with five different isolates of race 65 as an attempt to validate the linkage analysis findings and, eventually, identify other genomic regions associated with resistance to race 65. The F2 population and diversity panel were genotyped with the BARCBean6K_3 Illumina BeadChip containing 5398 SNP markers. Both linkage and genome-wide association analyses identified different loci controlling resistance to different isolates of race 65 on linkage group Pv04. Genome-wide association analysis also detected loci on Pv05, Pv10 and Pv11 associated with resistance to race 65. These findings indicate that resistance to race 65 can be overcome by the virulence diversity among different isolates of the same race and could lead to the loss of resistance after cultivar release. We identified 25 resistant common bean cultivars to all five isolates of race 65 in the diversity panel. The accessions should be useful to develop cultivars combining different resistance genes that favor durable resistance to anthracnose in common bean.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Storto Nalin
- Department of Genetics, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Andrade Dias
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Márcio Elias Ferreira
- Plant Genetics Laboratory, EMBRAPA-Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Qijian Song
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
| | | | - Oscar P Hurtado-Gonzales
- Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, USDA-ARS, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
- Plant Germplasm Quarantine Program, USDA-APHIS, BARC-East, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA
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10
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Masui N, Agathokleous E, Mochizuki T, Tani A, Matsuura H, Koike T. Ozone disrupts the communication between plants and insects in urban and suburban areas: an updated insight on plant volatiles. JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH 2021; 32:1337-1349. [PMID: 33456272 PMCID: PMC7797194 DOI: 10.1007/s11676-020-01287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Plant-insect interactions are basic components of biodiversity conservation. To attain the international Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), the interactions in urban and in suburban systems should be better understood to maintain the health of green infrastructure. The role of ground-level ozone (O3) as an environmental stress disrupting interaction webs is presented. Ozone mixing ratios in suburbs are usually higher than in the center of cities and may reduce photosynthetic productivity at a relatively higher degree. Consequently, carbon-based defense capacities of plants may be suppressed by elevated O3 more in the suburbs. However, contrary to this expectation, grazing damages by leaf beetles have been severe in some urban centers in comparison with the suburbs. To explain differences in grazing damages between urban areas and suburbs, the disruption of atmospheric communication signals by elevated O3 via changes in plant-regulated biogenic volatile organic compounds and long-chain fatty acids are considered. The ecological roles of plant volatiles and the effects of O3 from both a chemical and a biological perspective are presented. Ozone-disrupted plant volatiles should be considered to explain herbivory phenomena in urban and suburban systems. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version of this article contains supplementary material available at (10.1007/s11676-020-01287-4) to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noboru Masui
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044 People’s Republic of China
| | - Tomoki Mochizuki
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Tani
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Matsuura
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Koike
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, CAS, Beijing, 100085 People’s Republic of China
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Sperotto RA, Grbic V, Pappas ML, Leiss KA, Kant MR, Wilson CR, Santamaria ME, Gao Y. Editorial: Plant Responses to Phytophagous Mites/Thrips and Search for Resistance. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:866. [PMID: 31333703 PMCID: PMC6620531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raul A. Sperotto
- Graduate Program in Biotechnology, University of Taquari Valley–Univates, Lajeado, Brazil
| | - Vojislava Grbic
- Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Maria L. Pappas
- Department of Agricultural Development, Democritus University of Thrace, Orestiada, Greece
| | - Kirsten A. Leiss
- Horticulture, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Merijn R. Kant
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Calum R. Wilson
- Tasmanian Institute of Agriculture, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - M. Estrella Santamaria
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yulin Gao
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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12
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Jongsma MA, Thoen MPM, Poleij LM, Wiegers GL, Goedhart PW, Dicke M, Noldus LPJJ, Kruisselbrink JW. An Integrated System for the Automated Recording and Analysis of Insect Behavior in T-maze Arrays. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:20. [PMID: 30761167 PMCID: PMC6361829 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Host-plant resistance to insects like thrips and aphids is a complex trait that is difficult to phenotype quickly and reliably. Here, we introduce novel hardware and software to facilitate insect choice assays and automate the acquisition and analysis of movement tracks. The hardware consists of an array of individual T-mazes allowing simultaneous release of up to 90 insect individuals from their individual cage below each T-maze with choice of two leaf disks under a video camera. Insect movement tracks are acquired with computer vision software (EthoVision) and analyzed with EthoAnalysis, a novel software package that allows for automated reporting of highly detailed behavior parameters and statistical analysis. To validate the benefits of the system we contrasted two Arabidopsis accessions that were previously analyzed for differential resistance to western flower thrips. Results of two trials with 40 T-mazes are reported and we show how we arrived at optimized settings for the different filters and statistics. The statistics are reported in terms of frequency, duration, distance and speed of behavior events, both as sum totals and event averages, and both for the total trial period and in time bins of 1 h. Also included are higher level analyses with subcategories like short-medium-long events and slow-medium-fast events. The time bins showed how some behavior elements are more descriptive of differences between the genotypes during the first hours, whereas others are constant or become more relevant at the end of an 8 h recording. The three overarching behavior categories, i.e., choice, movement, and halting, were automatically corrected for the percentage of time thrips were detected and 24 out of 38 statistics of behavior parameters differed by a factor 2-6 between the accessions. The analysis resulted in much larger contrasts in behavior traits than reported previously. Compared to leaf damage assays on whole plants or detached leaves that take a week or more to complete, results were obtained in 8 h, with more detail, fewer individuals and higher significance. The potential value of the new integrated system, named EntoLab, for discovery of genetic traits in plants and insects by high throughput screening of large populations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten A. Jongsma
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Manus P. M. Thoen
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Leo M. Poleij
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Gerrie L. Wiegers
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Paul W. Goedhart
- Wageningen Plant Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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13
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Clancy MV, Zytynska SE, Moritz F, Witting M, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Weisser WW, Schnitzler JP. Metabotype variation in a field population of tansy plants influences aphid host selection. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2791-2805. [PMID: 30035804 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
It is well known that plant volatiles influence herbivores in their selection of a host plant; however, less is known about how the nonvolatile metabolome affects herbivore host selection. Metabolic diversity between intraspecific plants can be characterized using non-targeted mass spectrometry that gives us a snapshot overview of all metabolic processes occurring within a plant at a particular time. Here, we show that non-targeted metabolomics can be used to reveal links between intraspecific chemical diversity and ecological processes in tansy (Tanacetum vulgare). First, we show that tansy plants can be categorized into five subgroups based up on their metabolic profiles, and that these "metabotypes" influenced natural aphid colonization in the field. Second, this grouping was not due to induced metabolomic changes within the plant due to aphid feeding but rather resulted from constitutive differences in chemical diversity between plants. These findings highlight the importance of intraspecific chemical diversity within one plant population and provide the first report of a non-targeted metabolomic field study in chemical ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary V Clancy
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit Environmental Simulation (EUS), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sharon E Zytynska
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Freising, Germany
| | - Franco Moritz
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BCG), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michael Witting
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BCG), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry (BCG), Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Wolfgang W Weisser
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Terrestrial Ecology Research Group, Freising, Germany
| | - Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit Environmental Simulation (EUS), Neuherberg, Germany
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14
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Proietti S, Caarls L, Coolen S, Van Pelt JA, Van Wees SC, Pieterse CM. Genome-wide association study reveals novel players in defense hormone crosstalk in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2342-2356. [PMID: 29852537 PMCID: PMC6175328 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Jasmonic acid (JA) regulates plant defenses against necrotrophic pathogens and insect herbivores. Salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) can antagonize JA-regulated defenses, thereby modulating pathogen or insect resistance. We performed a genome-wide association (GWA) study on natural genetic variation in Arabidopsis thaliana for the effect of SA and ABA on the JA pathway. We treated 349 Arabidopsis accessions with methyl JA (MeJA), or a combination of MeJA and either SA or ABA, after which expression of the JA-responsive marker gene PLANT DEFENSIN1.2 (PDF1.2) was quantified as a readout for GWA analysis. Both hormones antagonized MeJA-induced PDF1.2 in the majority of the accessions but with a large variation in magnitude. GWA mapping of the SA- and ABA-affected PDF1.2 expression data revealed loci associated with crosstalk. GLYI4 (encoding a glyoxalase) and ARR11 (encoding an Arabidopsis response regulator involved in cytokinin signalling) were confirmed by T-DNA insertion mutant analysis to affect SA-JA crosstalk and resistance against the necrotroph Botrytis cinerea. In addition, At1g16310 (encoding a cation efflux family protein) was confirmed to affect ABA-JA crosstalk and susceptibility to Mamestra brassicae herbivory. Collectively, this GWA study identified novel players in JA hormone crosstalk with potential roles in the regulation of pathogen or insect resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Proietti
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4LifeUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Lotte Caarls
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4LifeUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Silvia Coolen
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4LifeUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Johan A. Van Pelt
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4LifeUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Saskia C.M. Van Wees
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4LifeUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Corné M.J. Pieterse
- Plant‐Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Science4LifeUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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15
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A Sustainable Agricultural Future Relies on the Transition to Organic Agroecological Pest Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/su10062023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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16
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Steenbergen M, Abd-El-Haliem A, Bleeker P, Dicke M, Escobar-Bravo R, Cheng G, Haring MA, Kant MR, Kappers I, Klinkhamer PGL, Leiss KA, Legarrea S, Macel M, Mouden S, Pieterse CMJ, Sarde SJ, Schuurink RC, De Vos M, Van Wees SCM, Broekgaarden C. Thrips advisor: exploiting thrips-induced defences to combat pests on crops. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2018; 69:1837-1848. [PMID: 29490080 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants have developed diverse defence mechanisms to ward off herbivorous pests. However, agriculture still faces estimated crop yield losses ranging from 25% to 40% annually. These losses arise not only because of direct feeding damage, but also because many pests serve as vectors of plant viruses. Herbivorous thrips (Thysanoptera) are important pests of vegetable and ornamental crops worldwide, and encompass virtually all general problems of pests: they are highly polyphagous, hard to control because of their complex lifestyle, and they are vectors of destructive viruses. Currently, control management of thrips mainly relies on the use of chemical pesticides. However, thrips rapidly develop resistance to these pesticides. With the rising demand for more sustainable, safer, and healthier food production systems, we urgently need to pinpoint the gaps in knowledge of plant defences against thrips to enable the future development of novel control methods. In this review, we summarize the current, rather scarce, knowledge of thrips-induced plant responses and the role of phytohormonal signalling and chemical defences in these responses. We describe concrete opportunities for breeding resistance against pests such as thrips as a prototype approach for next-generation resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel Steenbergen
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, , TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Abd-El-Haliem
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Bleeker
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Enza Zaden BV, AA Enkhuizen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rocio Escobar-Bravo
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Gang Cheng
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel A Haring
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Merijn R Kant
- Molecular & Chemical Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Kappers
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Peter G L Klinkhamer
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsten A Leiss
- Wageningen UR Greenhouse Horticulture, Bleiswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Saioa Legarrea
- Molecular & Chemical Ecology, Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, GE Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirka Macel
- Molecular Interactions Ecology, Radboud University, NL Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sanae Mouden
- Plant Sciences and Natural Products, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Corné M J Pieterse
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, , TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandeep J Sarde
- Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Robert C Schuurink
- Department of Plant Physiology, University of Amsterdam, Science Park, XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia C M Van Wees
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, , TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Colette Broekgaarden
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, , TB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Warmerdam S, Sterken MG, van Schaik C, Oortwijn MEP, Sukarta OCA, Lozano‐Torres JL, Dicke M, Helder J, Kammenga JE, Goverse A, Bakker J, Smant G. Genome-wide association mapping of the architecture of susceptibility to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2018; 218:724-737. [PMID: 29468687 PMCID: PMC6079644 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Susceptibility to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita in plants is thought to be a complex trait based on multiple genes involved in cell differentiation, growth and defence. Previous genetic analyses of susceptibility to M. incognita have mainly focused on segregating dominant resistance genes in crops. It is not known if plants harbour significant genetic variation in susceptibility to M. incognita independent of dominant resistance. To study the genetic architecture of susceptibility to M. incognita, we analysed nematode reproduction on a highly diverse set of 340 natural inbred lines of Arabidopsis thaliana with genome-wide association mapping. We observed a surprisingly large variation in nematode reproduction among these lines. Genome-wide association mapping revealed four quantitative trait loci (QTLs) located on chromosomes 1 and 5 of A. thaliana significantly associated with reproductive success of M. incognita, none of which harbours typical resistance gene homologues. Mutant analysis of three genes located in two QTLs showed that the transcription factor BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 and an F-box family protein may function as (co-)regulators of susceptibility to M. incognita in Arabidopsis. Our data suggest that breeding for loss-of-susceptibility, based on allelic variants critically involved in nematode feeding, could be used to make crops more resilient to root-knot nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Warmerdam
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Mark G. Sterken
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Casper van Schaik
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Marian E. P. Oortwijn
- Laboratory of Plant BreedingWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Octavina C. A. Sukarta
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Jose L. Lozano‐Torres
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Johannes Helder
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Jan E. Kammenga
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Aska Goverse
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Jaap Bakker
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Geert Smant
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityDroevendaalsesteeg 16708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands
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18
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Zhang M, Zhou C, Song Z, Weng Q, Li M, Ji H, Mo X, Huang H, Lu W, Luo J, Li F, Gan S. The first identification of genomic loci in plants associated with resistance to galling insects: a case study in Eucalyptus L'Hér. (Myrtaceae). Sci Rep 2018; 8:2319. [PMID: 29396525 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-41018-20780-41599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic loci related with resistance to gall-inducing insects have not been identified in any plants. Here, association mapping was used to identify molecular markers for resistance to the gall wasp Leptocybe invasa in two Eucalyptus species. A total of 86 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were screened out from 839 SSRs and used for association mapping in E. grandis. By applying the mixed linear model, seven markers were identified to be associated significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with the gall wasp resistance in E. grandis, including two validated with a correction of permutation test (P ≤ 0.008). The proportion of the variance in resistance explained by a significant marker ranged from 3.3% to 37.8%. Four out of the seven significant associations in E. grandis were verified and also validated (P ≤ 0.073 in a permutation test) in E. tereticornis, with the variation explained ranging from 24.3% to 48.5%. Favourable alleles with positive effect were also mined from the significant markers in both species. These results provide insight into the genetic control of gall wasp resistance in plants and have great potential for marker-assisted selection for resistance to L. invasa in the important tree genus Eucalyptus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
- College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, 284 Block, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Changpin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Zhijiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
- Baoshan University, Yuanzheng Road, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Qijie Weng
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Hongxia Ji
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Xiaoyong Mo
- College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, 284 Block, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huanhua Huang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Wanhong Lu
- China Eucalypt Research Centre, Zhanjiang, 524022, China
| | - Jianzhong Luo
- China Eucalypt Research Centre, Zhanjiang, 524022, China
| | - Fagen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China.
| | - Siming Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China.
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19
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Zhang M, Zhou C, Song Z, Weng Q, Li M, Ji H, Mo X, Huang H, Lu W, Luo J, Li F, Gan S. The first identification of genomic loci in plants associated with resistance to galling insects: a case study in Eucalyptus L'Hér. (Myrtaceae). Sci Rep 2018; 8:2319. [PMID: 29396525 PMCID: PMC5797152 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20780-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic loci related with resistance to gall-inducing insects have not been identified in any plants. Here, association mapping was used to identify molecular markers for resistance to the gall wasp Leptocybe invasa in two Eucalyptus species. A total of 86 simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers were screened out from 839 SSRs and used for association mapping in E. grandis. By applying the mixed linear model, seven markers were identified to be associated significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with the gall wasp resistance in E. grandis, including two validated with a correction of permutation test (P ≤ 0.008). The proportion of the variance in resistance explained by a significant marker ranged from 3.3% to 37.8%. Four out of the seven significant associations in E. grandis were verified and also validated (P ≤ 0.073 in a permutation test) in E. tereticornis, with the variation explained ranging from 24.3% to 48.5%. Favourable alleles with positive effect were also mined from the significant markers in both species. These results provide insight into the genetic control of gall wasp resistance in plants and have great potential for marker-assisted selection for resistance to L. invasa in the important tree genus Eucalyptus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
- College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, 284 Block, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Changpin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Zhijiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
- Baoshan University, Yuanzheng Road, Baoshan, 678000, China
| | - Qijie Weng
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Hongxia Ji
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Xiaoyong Mo
- College of Forestry, South China Agricultural University, 284 Block, Wushan Street, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Huanhua Huang
- Guangdong Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Wanhong Lu
- China Eucalypt Research Centre, Zhanjiang, 524022, China
| | - Jianzhong Luo
- China Eucalypt Research Centre, Zhanjiang, 524022, China
| | - Fagen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China.
| | - Siming Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan Road, Beijing, 100091, China.
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry Research, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Longdong, Guangzhou, 510520, China.
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20
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Xing G, Liu K, Gai J. A high-throughput phenotyping procedure for evaluation of antixenosis against common cutworm at early seedling stage in soybean. PLANT METHODS 2017; 13:66. [PMID: 28794796 PMCID: PMC5547480 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-017-0215-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common cutworm (CCW; Spodoptera litura Fabricius) is a major leaf-feeding pest of soybean in Asia. The previous methods of measuring antixenosis against CCW using adult plant under field or net-room conditions were time-consuming, labor-intensive and precision-inferior. To solve the problems, this study aimed at (i) establishing a high-throughput phenotyping method for evaluating antixenosis against CCW at early seedling stage, (ii) using the procedure to evaluate the antixenosis of an insect-resistant versus -susceptible germplasm population (IRSGP), (iii) validating the proposed method through comparing the results with the historical phenotypic data and phenotyping-genotyping consistency data using PAV (presence/absence variation) markers linked with the identified loci CCW-1 and CCW-2, (iv) and evaluating the efficiency of the novel method through comparisons to the previous methods. RESULTS A dynamic and efficient evaluation procedure characterized with using V1 stage soybean seedlings infested with third-instar larvae in a micro-net-room in greenhouse with damaged leaf percentage (DLP) as indicator was established and designated V1TMD method. The middle term testing stage is the best dates for identifying resistant and susceptible accessions. The results from the V1TMD method were relatively stable, precise and accurate in comparison with the previous method with the detected most resistant and susceptible accessions consistent to the previous results. The DLP values differentiated obviously to coincide with the resistant and susceptible alleles of the PAV markers Gm07PAV0595 and Gm07PAV0389 tightly linked to the two resistance-related loci, CCW-1 and CCW-2, respectively, in IRSGP. Thus V1TMD is a high-throughput phenotyping method with its estimated efficiency 12 times and period shortening 4 times of those of the previous method. CONCLUSION A dynamic and efficient V1TMD method for testing antixenosis against CCW was established, with highly resistant and highly susceptible accessions as standard checks and DLP as indicator. The method is remarkably quick, highly reproducible, and capable of testing large samples, therefore, is a high-throughput phenotyping method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangnan Xing
- Soybean Research Institute/National Center for Soybean Improvement/MOA Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General)/State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Soybean Research Institute/National Center for Soybean Improvement/MOA Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General)/State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyi Gai
- Soybean Research Institute/National Center for Soybean Improvement/MOA Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Improvement of Soybean (General)/State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Modern Crop Production, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095 Jiangsu People’s Republic of China
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21
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Davila Olivas NH, Kruijer W, Gort G, Wijnen CL, van Loon JJA, Dicke M. Genome-wide association analysis reveals distinct genetic architectures for single and combined stress responses in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2017; 213:838-851. [PMID: 27604707 PMCID: PMC5217058 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants are commonly exposed to abiotic and biotic stresses. We used 350 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions grown under controlled conditions. We employed genome-wide association analysis to investigate the genetic architecture and underlying loci involved in genetic variation in resistance to: two specialist insect herbivores, Pieris rapae and Plutella xylostella; and combinations of stresses, i.e. drought followed by P. rapae and infection by the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea followed by infestation by P. rapae. We found that genetic variation in resistance to combined stresses by drought plus P. rapae was limited compared with B. cinerea plus P. rapae or P. rapae alone. Resistance to the two caterpillars is controlled by different genetic components. There is limited overlap in the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) underlying resistance to combined stresses by drought plus P. rapae or B. cinerea plus P. rapae and P. rapae alone. Finally, several candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of aliphatic glucosinolates and proteinase inhibitors were identified to be involved in resistance to P. rapae and P. xylostella, respectively. This study underlines the importance of investigating plant responses to combinations of stresses. The value of this approach for breeding plants for resistance to combinatorial stresses is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Willem Kruijer
- BiometrisWageningen UniversityPO Box 166700 AAWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Gerrit Gort
- BiometrisWageningen UniversityPO Box 166700 AAWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Cris L. Wijnen
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 166700 AAWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Joop J. A. van Loon
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 166700 AAWageningenthe Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of EntomologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 166700 AAWageningenthe Netherlands
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22
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Wintermans PCA, Bakker PAHM, Pieterse CMJ. Natural genetic variation in Arabidopsis for responsiveness to plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 90:623-34. [PMID: 26830772 PMCID: PMC4819784 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0442-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) Pseudomonas simiae WCS417r stimulates lateral root formation and increases shoot growth in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). These plant growth-stimulating effects are partly caused by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by the bacterium. Here, we performed a genome-wide association (GWA) study on natural genetic variation in Arabidopsis for the ability to profit from rhizobacteria-mediated plant growth-promotion. To this end, 302 Arabidopsis accessions were tested for root architecture characteristics and shoot fresh weight in response to exposure to WCS417r. Although virtually all Arabidopsis accessions tested responded positively to WCS417r, there was a large variation between accessions in the increase in shoot fresh weight, the extra number of lateral roots formed, and the effect on primary root length. Correlation analyses revealed that the bacterially-mediated increase in shoot fresh weight is related to alterations in root architecture. GWA mapping for WCS417r-stimulated changes in root and shoot growth characteristics revealed 10 genetic loci highly associated with the responsiveness of Arabidopsis to the plant growth-promoting activity of WCS417r. Several of the underlying candidate genes have been implicated in important plant growth-related processes. These results demonstrate that plants possess natural genetic variation for the capacity to profit from the plant growth-promoting function of a beneficial rhizobacterium in their rhizosphere. This knowledge is a promising starting point for sustainable breeding strategies for future crops that are better able to maximize profitable functions from their root microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul C A Wintermans
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter A H M Bakker
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Corné M J Pieterse
- Plant-Microbe Interactions, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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23
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Thoen MPM, Kloth KJ, Wiegers GL, Krips OE, Noldus LPJJ, Dicke M, Jongsma MA. Automated video tracking of thrips behavior to assess host-plant resistance in multiple parallel two-choice setups. PLANT METHODS 2016; 12:1. [PMID: 26788117 PMCID: PMC4717623 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-016-0102-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piercing-sucking insects cause severe damage in crops. Breeding for host-plant resistance can significantly reduce the yield losses caused by these insects, but host-plant resistance is a complex trait that is difficult to phenotype quickly and reliably. Current phenotyping methods mainly focus on labor-intensive and time-consuming end-point measurements of plant fitness. Characterizing insect behavior as a proxy for host-plant resistance could be a promising time-saving alternative to end-point measurements. RESULTS We present a phenotyping platform that allows screening for host-plant resistance against Western flower thrips (WFT, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)) in a parallel two-choice setup using automated video tracking of thrips behavior. The platform was used to establish host-plant preference of WFT with a large plant population of 345 wild Arabidopsis accessions and the method was optimized with two extreme accessions from this population that differed in resistance towards WFT. To this end, the behavior of 88 WFT individuals was simultaneously tracked in 88 parallel two-choice arenas during 8 h. Host-plant preference of WFT was established both by the time thrips spent on either accession and various behavioral parameters related to movement (searching) and non-movement (feeding) events. CONCLUSION In comparison to 6-day end-point choice assays with whole plants or detached leaves, the automated video-tracking choice assay developed here delivered similar results, but with higher time- and resource efficiency. This method can therefore be a reliable and effective high throughput phenotyping tool to assess host-plant resistance to thrips in large plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manus P. M. Thoen
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 658, 6700 AR Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />PRI-Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Karen J. Kloth
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 658, 6700 AR Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />PRI-Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrie L. Wiegers
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />PRI-Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olga E. Krips
- />Noldus Information Technology B.V., P.O. Box 268, 6700 AG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas P. J. J. Noldus
- />Noldus Information Technology B.V., P.O. Box 268, 6700 AG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A. Jongsma
- />PRI-Bioscience, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Galdino TVDS, Picanço MC, Ferreira DO, Silva GAR, de Souza TC, Silva GA. Is the Performance of a Specialist Herbivore Affected by Female Choices and the Adaptability of the Offspring? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143389. [PMID: 26600074 PMCID: PMC4658099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of herbivorous insects is related to the locations of defenses and nutrients found in the different plant organs on which they feed. In this context, the females of herbivorous insect species select certain parts of the plant where their offspring can develop well. In addition, their offspring can adapt to plant defenses. A system where these ecological relationships can be studied occurs in the specialist herbivore, Tuta absoluta, on tomato plants. In our experiments we evaluated: (i) the performance of the herbivore T. absoluta in relation to the tomato plant parts on which their offspring had fed, (ii) the spatial distribution of the insect stages on the plant canopy and (iii) the larval resistance to starvation and their walking speed at different instar stages. We found that the T. absoluta females preferred to lay their eggs in the tomato plant parts where their offspring had greater chances of success. We verified that the T. absoluta females laid their eggs on both sides of the leaves to better exploit resources. We also observed that the older larvae (3rd and 4th instars) moved to the most nutritious parts of the plant, thus increasing their performance. The T. absoluta females and offspring (larvae) were capable of identifying plant sites where their chances of better performance were higher. Additionally, their offspring (larvae) spread across the plant to better exploit the available plant nutrients. These behavioral strategies of T. absoluta facilitate improvement in their performance after acquiring better resources, which help reduce their mortality by preventing the stimulation of plant defense compounds and the action of natural enemies.
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25
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Goggin FL, Lorence A, Topp CN. Applying high-throughput phenotyping to plant-insect interactions: picturing more resistant crops. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 9:69-76. [PMID: 32846711 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Through automated image collection and analysis, high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) systems non-destructively quantify a diversity of traits in large plant populations. Some platforms collect data in greenhouses or growth chambers while others are field-based. Platforms also vary in the number and type of sensors, including visible, fluorescence, infrared, hyperspectral, and three-dimensional cameras that can detect traits within and beyond the visible spectrum. These systems could be applied to quantify the impact of herbivores on plant health, to monitor herbivores in choice or no-choice bioassays, or to estimate plant properties such as defensive allelochemicals. By increasing the throughput, precision, and dimensionality of these measures, HTP has the potential to revolutionize the field of plant-insect interactions, including breeding programs for resistance and tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona L Goggin
- Department of Entomology, 319 Agriculture Building, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, United States.
| | - Argelia Lorence
- Arkansas Biosciences Institute at Arkansas State University, PO Box 639, State University, AR 72467, United States
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Stuart J. Insect effectors and gene-for-gene interactions with host plants. CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE 2015; 9:56-61. [PMID: 32846709 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2015.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Within the context of the four-phase model of plant immunity, gene-for-gene interactions have gained new relevance. Genes conferring resistance to the Asian rice gall midge (Orseolia oryzae) and the small brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) have been cloned in rice (Oryza sativa). Mutations in insect avirulence genes that defeat plant resistance have been identified and cloned. Results are consistent with both the gene-for-gene hypothesis and the new model of plant immunity. Insect resistance genes encode proteins with nucleotide binding sites and leucine-rich repeats. Insects use effectors that elicit effector-triggered immunity. At least seven-percent of Hessian fly genes are effector encoding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Stuart
- Department of Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States.
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27
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Chardonnet F, Capdevielle-Dulac C, Chouquet B, Joly N, Harry M, Le Ru B, Silvain JF, Kaiser L. Food searching behaviour of a Lepidoptera pest species is modulated by the foraging gene polymorphism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 217:3465-73. [PMID: 25274324 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.108258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The extent of damage to crop plants from pest insects depends on the foraging behaviour of the insect's feeding stage. Little is known, however, about the genetic and molecular bases of foraging behaviour in phytophagous pest insects. The foraging gene (for), a candidate gene encoding a PKG-I, has an evolutionarily conserved function in feeding strategies. Until now, for had never been studied in Lepidoptera, which includes major pest species. The cereal stem borer Sesamia nonagrioides is therefore a relevant species within this order with which to study conservation of and polymorphism in the for gene, and its role in foraging - a behavioural trait that is directly associated with plant injuries. Full sequencing of for cDNA in S. nonagrioides revealed a high degree of conservation with other insect taxa. Activation of PKG by a cGMP analogue increased larval foraging activity, measured by how frequently larvae moved between food patches in an actimeter. We found one non-synonymous allelic variation in a natural population that defined two allelic variants. These variants presented significantly different levels of foraging activity, and the behaviour was positively correlated to gene expression levels. Our results show that for gene function is conserved in this species of Lepidoptera, and describe an original case of a single nucleotide polymorphism associated with foraging behaviour variation in a pest insect. By illustrating how variation in this single gene can predict phenotype, this work opens new perspectives into the evolutionary context of insect adaptation to plants, as well as pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Floriane Chardonnet
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Claire Capdevielle-Dulac
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bastien Chouquet
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Nicolas Joly
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Myriam Harry
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Bruno Le Ru
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France icipe - African Insect Science for Food and Health, Duduville Campus, Kasarani, PO Box 30772-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jean-François Silvain
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Laure Kaiser
- Laboratoire Evolution Génome et Spéciation, CNRS UPR 9034, IRD UR 072 and Université Paris Sud Orsay, 1 Avenue de la Terrasse, 91198 Gif sur Yvette, France INRA, UMR 1392, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, France
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28
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Barah P, Bones AM. Multidimensional approaches for studying plant defence against insects: from ecology to omics and synthetic biology. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:479-93. [PMID: 25538257 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The biggest challenge for modern biology is to integrate multidisciplinary approaches towards understanding the organizational and functional complexity of biological systems at different hierarchies, starting from the subcellular molecular mechanisms (microscopic) to the functional interactions of ecological communities (macroscopic). The plant-insect interaction is a good model for this purpose with the availability of an enormous amount of information at the molecular and the ecosystem levels. Changing global climatic conditions are abruptly resetting plant-insect interactions. Integration of discretely located heterogeneous information from the ecosystem to genes and pathways will be an advantage to understand the complexity of plant-insect interactions. This review will present the recent developments in omics-based high-throughput experimental approaches, with particular emphasis on studying plant defence responses against insect attack. The review highlights the importance of using integrative systems approaches to study plant-insect interactions from the macroscopic to the microscopic level. We analyse the current efforts in generating, integrating and modelling multiomics data to understand plant-insect interaction at a systems level. As a future prospect, we highlight the growing interest in utilizing the synthetic biology platform for engineering insect-resistant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Barah
- Cell Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N 7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Atle M Bones
- Cell Molecular Biology and Genomics Group, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), N 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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29
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Kloth KJ, ten Broeke CJM, Thoen MPM, Hanhart-van den Brink M, Wiegers GL, Krips OE, Noldus LPJJ, Dicke M, Jongsma MA. High-throughput phenotyping of plant resistance to aphids by automated video tracking. PLANT METHODS 2015; 11:4. [PMID: 25657813 PMCID: PMC4318543 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-015-0044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Piercing-sucking insects are major vectors of plant viruses causing significant yield losses in crops. Functional genomics of plant resistance to these insects would greatly benefit from the availability of high-throughput, quantitative phenotyping methods. RESULTS We have developed an automated video tracking platform that quantifies aphid feeding behaviour on leaf discs to assess the level of plant resistance. Through the analysis of aphid movement, the start and duration of plant penetrations by aphids were estimated. As a case study, video tracking confirmed the near-complete resistance of lettuce cultivar 'Corbana' against Nasonovia ribisnigri (Mosely), biotype Nr:0, and revealed quantitative resistance in Arabidopsis accession Co-2 against Myzus persicae (Sulzer). The video tracking platform was benchmarked against Electrical Penetration Graph (EPG) recordings and aphid population development assays. The use of leaf discs instead of intact plants reduced the intensity of the resistance effect in video tracking, but sufficiently replicated experiments resulted in similar conclusions as EPG recordings and aphid population assays. One video tracking platform could screen 100 samples in parallel. CONCLUSIONS Automated video tracking can be used to screen large plant populations for resistance to aphids and other piercing-sucking insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen J Kloth
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Cindy JM ten Broeke
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Manus PM Thoen
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Gerrie L Wiegers
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olga E Krips
- />Noldus Information Technology bv, P.O. Box 268, 6700 AG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lucas PJJ Noldus
- />Noldus Information Technology bv, P.O. Box 268, 6700 AG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- />Laboratory of Entomology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten A Jongsma
- />Plant Research International, Wageningen University and Research Center, P.O. Box 16, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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30
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Cheng X, Wu Y, Guo J, Du B, Chen R, Zhu L, He G. A rice lectin receptor-like kinase that is involved in innate immune responses also contributes to seed germination. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2013; 76:687-98. [PMID: 24033867 PMCID: PMC4285754 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2013] [Revised: 08/14/2013] [Accepted: 09/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Seed germination and innate immunity both have significant effects on plant life spans because they control the plant's entry into the ecosystem and provide defenses against various external stresses, respectively. Much ecological evidence has shown that seeds with high vigor are generally more tolerant of various environmental stimuli in the field than those with low vigor. However, there is little genetic evidence linking germination and immunity in plants. Here, we show that the rice lectin receptor-like kinase OslecRK contributes to both seed germination and plant innate immunity. We demonstrate that knocking down the OslecRK gene depresses the expression of α-amylase genes, reducing seed viability and thereby decreasing the rate of seed germination. Moreover, it also inhibits the expression of defense genes, and so reduces the resistance of rice plants to fungal and bacterial pathogens as well as herbivorous insects. Yeast two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that OslecRK interacts with an actin-depolymerizing factor (ADF) in vivo via its kinase domain. Moreover, the rice adf mutant exhibited a reduced seed germination rate due to the suppression of α-amylase gene expression. This mutant also exhibited depressed immune responses and reduced resistance to biotic stresses. Our results thus provide direct genetic evidence for a common physiological pathway connecting germination and immunity in plants. They also partially explain the common observation that high-vigor seeds often perform well in the field. The dual effects of OslecRK may be indicative of progressive adaptive evolution in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, 430072, China
| | - Jianping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, 430072, China
| | - Bo Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rongzhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lili Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, 430072, China
| | - Guangcun He
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan, 430072, China
- For correspondence (e-mail )
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Cobb JN, DeClerck G, Greenberg A, Clark R, McCouch S. Next-generation phenotyping: requirements and strategies for enhancing our understanding of genotype-phenotype relationships and its relevance to crop improvement. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2013; 126:867-87. [PMID: 23471459 PMCID: PMC3607725 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-013-2066-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
More accurate and precise phenotyping strategies are necessary to empower high-resolution linkage mapping and genome-wide association studies and for training genomic selection models in plant improvement. Within this framework, the objective of modern phenotyping is to increase the accuracy, precision and throughput of phenotypic estimation at all levels of biological organization while reducing costs and minimizing labor through automation, remote sensing, improved data integration and experimental design. Much like the efforts to optimize genotyping during the 1980s and 1990s, designing effective phenotyping initiatives today requires multi-faceted collaborations between biologists, computer scientists, statisticians and engineers. Robust phenotyping systems are needed to characterize the full suite of genetic factors that contribute to quantitative phenotypic variation across cells, organs and tissues, developmental stages, years, environments, species and research programs. Next-generation phenotyping generates significantly more data than previously and requires novel data management, access and storage systems, increased use of ontologies to facilitate data integration, and new statistical tools for enhancing experimental design and extracting biologically meaningful signal from environmental and experimental noise. To ensure relevance, the implementation of efficient and informative phenotyping experiments also requires familiarity with diverse germplasm resources, population structures, and target populations of environments. Today, phenotyping is quickly emerging as the major operational bottleneck limiting the power of genetic analysis and genomic prediction. The challenge for the next generation of quantitative geneticists and plant breeders is not only to understand the genetic basis of complex trait variation, but also to use that knowledge to efficiently synthesize twenty-first century crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N. Cobb
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Genevieve DeClerck
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Anthony Greenberg
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Randy Clark
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Susan McCouch
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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Tack AJM, Dicke M. Plant pathogens structure arthropod communities across multiple spatial and temporal scales. Funct Ecol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayco J. M. Tack
- Metapopulation Research Group Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 1, PO Box 65 FI‐00014 Helsinki Finland
- Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University PO Box 8031 6700EH Wageningen The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Metapopulation Research Group Department of Biosciences University of Helsinki Viikinkaari 1, PO Box 65 FI‐00014 Helsinki Finland
- Laboratory of Entomology Wageningen University PO Box 8031 6700EH Wageningen The Netherlands
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Ballaré CL, Gross KL, Monson RK. Zooming in on plant interactions. Oecologia 2013; 171:601-3. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-013-2621-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Zhang T, Qian N, Zhu X, Chen H, Wang S, Mei H, Zhang Y. Variations and transmission of QTL alleles for yield and fiber qualities in upland cotton cultivars developed in China. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57220. [PMID: 23468939 PMCID: PMC3584144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cotton is the world’s leading cash crop, and genetic improvement of fiber yield and quality is the primary objective of cotton breeding program. In this study, we used various approaches to identify QTLs related to fiber yield and quality. Firstly, we constructed a four-way cross (4WC) mapping population with four base core cultivars, Stoneville 2B, Foster 6, Deltapine 15 and Zhongmiansuo No.7 (CRI 7), as parents in Chinese cotton breeding history and identified 83 QTLs for 11 agronomic and fiber quality traits. Secondly, association mapping of agronomical and fiber quality traits was based on 121 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers using a general linear model (GLM). For this, 81 Gossypium hirsutum L. accessions including the four core parents and their derived cultivars were grown in seven diverse environments. Using these approaches, we successfully identified 180 QTLs significantly associated with agronomic and fiber quality traits. Among them were 66 QTLs that were identified via linkage disequilibrium (LD) and 4WC family-based linkage (FBL) mapping and by previously published family-based linkage (FBL) mapping in modern Chinese cotton cultivars. Twenty eight and 44 consistent QTLs were identified by 4WC and LD mapping, and by FBL and LD mapping methods, respectively. Furthermore, transmission and variation of QTL-alleles mapped by LD association in the three breeding periods revealed that some could be detected in almost all Chinese cotton cultivars, suggesting their stable transmission and some identified only in the four base cultivars and not in the modern cultivars, suggesting they were missed in conventional breeding. These results will be useful to conduct genomics-assisted breeding effectively using these existing and novel QTL alleles to improve yield and fiber qualities in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhen Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, MOE Hybrid Cotton R&D Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
| | - Neng Qian
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, MOE Hybrid Cotton R&D Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiefei Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, MOE Hybrid Cotton R&D Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Chen
- Cotton Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agriculture and Reclamation Sciences, Xinjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, MOE Hybrid Cotton R&D Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxian Mei
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, MOE Hybrid Cotton R&D Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuanming Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement, MOE Hybrid Cotton R&D Engineering Research Center, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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Rossi GD, Santos CD, Carvalho GA, Alves DS, Pereira LLS, Carvalho GA. Biochemical analysis of a castor bean leaf extract and its insecticidal effects against Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2012; 41:503-9. [PMID: 23949676 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-012-0078-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant extracts represent a great source of molecules, with insecticidal activity, which are used for pest control in several crop production systems. This work aimed to evaluate the toxicity of an aqueous extract of leaves of castor bean against larvae of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in search for different classes of molecules with insecticidal activities by using in vitro assays. The effects of the castor bean leaf extract on the food utilization, development, and survival of S. frugiperda larvae was evaluated by feeding the larvae an artificial diet supplemented with different concentrations of the extract (0%, 1%, 2.5%, 5%, and 10% w/v). The effects observed were dose-dependent, and the highest concentration evaluated (10% w/v) was the one the most affected food utilization by altering the nutritional indices, as well as larval weight gain, development time, and survivorship. In vitro assays to detect saponins, lectins, and trypsin inhibitors in the castor bean leaf extract were performed, but only trypsin inhibitors were detected. No preference for the diet source was detected in S. frugiperda by feeding the larvae in choice experiments with diets containing different concentrations of the castor bean extract tested. The data obtained indicate the existence of a potential molecule in the tested extract of castor bean to be used as an alternative insecticide to be integrated in the management of S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- G D Rossi
- Depto de Química, Univ Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brasil.
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Increasing Food Production in Africa by Boosting the Productivity of Understudied Crops. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy2040240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chen X, Vosman B, Visser RGF, van der Vlugt RAA, Broekgaarden C. High throughput phenotyping for aphid resistance in large plant collections. PLANT METHODS 2012; 8:33. [PMID: 22901796 PMCID: PMC3489598 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-8-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phloem-feeding insects are among the most devastating pests worldwide. They not only cause damage by feeding from the phloem, thereby depleting the plant from photo-assimilates, but also by vectoring viruses. Until now, the main way to prevent such problems is the frequent use of insecticides. Applying resistant varieties would be a more environmental friendly and sustainable solution. For this, resistant sources need to be identified first. Up to now there were no methods suitable for high throughput phenotyping of plant germplasm to identify sources of resistance towards phloem-feeding insects. RESULTS In this paper we present a high throughput screening system to identify plants with an increased resistance against aphids. Its versatility is demonstrated using an Arabidopsis thaliana activation tag mutant line collection. This system consists of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and the circulative virus Turnip yellows virus (TuYV). In an initial screening, with one plant representing one mutant line, 13 virus-free mutant lines were identified by ELISA. Using seeds produced from these lines, the putative candidates were re-evaluated and characterized, resulting in nine lines with increased resistance towards the aphid. CONCLUSIONS This M. persicae-TuYV screening system is an efficient, reliable and quick procedure to identify among thousands of mutated lines those resistant to aphids. In our study, nine mutant lines with increased resistance against the aphid were selected among 5160 mutant lines in just 5 months by one person. The system can be extended to other phloem-feeding insects and circulative viruses to identify insect resistant sources from several collections, including for example genebanks and artificially prepared mutant collections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- Wageningen UR, Plant Breeding, PO. Box 386, 6700, AJ, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ben Vosman
- Wageningen UR, Plant Breeding, PO. Box 386, 6700, AJ, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Richard GF Visser
- Wageningen UR, Plant Breeding, PO. Box 386, 6700, AJ, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Colette Broekgaarden
- Wageningen UR, Plant Breeding, PO. Box 386, 6700, AJ, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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