1
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Frederick MI, Nassef MZ, Borrelli MJ, Kuang S, Buensuceso A, More T, Cordes T, O'Donoghue P, Shepherd TG, Hiller K, Heinemann IU. Metabolic adaptation in epithelial ovarian cancer metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167312. [PMID: 38901649 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is highly lethal due to its unique metastatic characteristics. EOC spheroids enter a non-proliferative state, with hypoxic cores and reduced oncogenic signaling, all of which contribute to tumour dormancy during metastasis. We investigated the metabolomic states of EOC cells progressing through the three steps to metastasis. Metabolomes of adherent, spheroid, and re-adherent cells were validated by isotopic metabolic flux analysis and mitochondrial functional assays to identify metabolic pathways that were previously unknown to promote EOC metastasis. Although spheroids were thought to exist in a dormant state, metabolomic analysis revealed an unexpected upregulation of energy production pathways in spheroids, accompanied by increased abundance of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and electron transport chain proteins. Tracing of 13C-labelled glucose and glutamine showed increased pyruvate carboxylation and decreased glutamine anaplerosis in spheroids. Increased reductive carboxylation suggests spheroids adjust redox homeostasis by shuttling cytosolic NADPH into mitochondria via isocitrate dehydrogenase. Indeed, we observed spheroids have increased respiratory capacity and mitochondrial ATP production. Relative to adherent cells, spheroids reduced serine consumption and metabolism, processes which were reversed upon spheroid re-adherence. The data reveal a distinct metabolism in EOC spheroids that enhances energy production by the mitochondria while maintaining a dormant state with respect to growth and proliferation. The findings advance our understanding of EOC metastasis and identify the TCA cycle and mitochondrional activity as novel targets to disrupt EOC metastasis, providing new approaches to treat advanced disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory I Frederick
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Mohamed Z Nassef
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Matthew J Borrelli
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Siyun Kuang
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Adrian Buensuceso
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Tushar More
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Thekla Cordes
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Patrick O'Donoghue
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Trevor G Shepherd
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada; London Regional Cancer Program, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Karsten Hiller
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biochemistry, Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Ilka U Heinemann
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 5C1, Canada.
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2
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Lee CM, Hwang Y, Kim M, Park YC, Kim H, Fang S. PHGDH: a novel therapeutic target in cancer. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1513-1522. [PMID: 38945960 PMCID: PMC11297271 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01268-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Serine is a key contributor to the generation of one-carbon units for DNA synthesis during cellular proliferation. In addition, it plays a crucial role in the production of antioxidants that prevent abnormal proliferation and stress in cancer cells. In recent studies, the relationship between cancer metabolism and the serine biosynthesis pathway has been highlighted. In this context, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is notable as a key enzyme that functions as the primary rate-limiting enzyme in the serine biosynthesis pathway, facilitating the conversion of 3-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate. Elevated PHGDH activity in diverse cancer cells is mediated through genetic amplification, posttranslational modification, increased transcription, and allosteric regulation. Ultimately, these characteristics allow PHGDH to not only influence the growth and progression of cancer but also play an important role in metastasis and drug resistance. Consequently, PHGDH has emerged as a crucial focal point in cancer research. In this review, the structural aspects of PHGDH and its involvement in one-carbon metabolism are investigated, and PHGDH is proposed as a potential therapeutic target in diverse cancers. By elucidating how PHGDH expression promotes cancer growth, the goal of this review is to provide insight into innovative treatment strategies. This paper aims to reveal how PHGDH inhibitors can overcome resistance mechanisms, contributing to the development of effective cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chae Min Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseong Hwang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minki Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Chan Park
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonhui Kim
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoon Fang
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Chronic Intractable Disease for Systems Medicine Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- Severance Institute for Vascular and Metabolic Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Xie Y, Li J, Tao Q, Wu Y, Liu Z, Zeng C, Chen Y. Identification of glutamine metabolism-related gene signature to predict colorectal cancer prognosis. J Cancer 2024; 15:3199-3214. [PMID: 38706895 PMCID: PMC11064262 DOI: 10.7150/jca.91687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly malignant gastrointestinal malignancy with a poor prognosis, which imposes a significant burden on patients and healthcare providers globally. Previous studies have established that genes related to glutamine metabolism play a crucial role in the development of CRC. However, no studies have yet explored the prognostic significance of these genes in CRC. Methods: CRC patient data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), while glutamine metabolism-related genes were obtained from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB) database. Univariate COX regression analysis and LASSO Cox regression were utilized to identify 15 glutamine metabolism-related genes associated with CRC prognosis. The risk scores were calculated and stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the median risk score. The model's efficacy was assessed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Cox regression analysis was employed to determine the risk score as an independent prognostic factor for CRC. Differential immune cell infiltration between the high-risk and low-risk groups was assessed using the ssGSEA method. The clinical applicability of the model was validated by constructing nomograms based on age, gender, clinical staging, and risk scores. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect the expression levels of core genes. Results: We identified 15 genes related to glutamine metabolism in CRC: NLGN1, RIMKLB, UCN, CALB1, SYT4, WNT3A, NRCAM, LRFN4, PHGDH, GRM1, CBLN1, NRG1, GLYATL1, CBLN2, and VWC2. Compared to the high-risk group, the low-risk group demonstrated longer overall survival (OS) for CRC. Clinical correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the risk score and the clinical stage and TNM stage of CRC. Immune correlation analysis indicated a predominance of Th2 cells in the low-risk group. The nomogram exhibited excellent discriminatory ability for OS in CRC. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the core gene CBLN1 was expressed at a lower level in CRC, while GLYATL1 was expressed at a higher level. Conclusions: In summary, we have successfully identified and comprehensively analyzed a gene signature associated with glutamine metabolism in CRC for the first time. This gene signature consistently and reliably predicts the prognosis of CRC patients, indicating its potential as a metabolic target for individuals with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, digestive disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, digestive disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang China
| | - Qing Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, digestive disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang China
| | - Yonghui Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, digestive disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang China
| | - Zide Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, digestive disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang China
| | - Chunyan Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, digestive disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Youxiang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, digestive disease Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang China
- Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Gastroenterology, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Jasani N, Xu X, Posorske B, Kim Y, Vera O, Tsai KY, DeNicola GM, Karreth FA. MAPK-mediated PHGDH induction is essential for melanoma formation and represents an actionable vulnerability. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.11.589139. [PMID: 38659816 PMCID: PMC11042198 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.11.589139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Overexpression of PHGDH, the rate-limiting enzyme in the serine synthesis pathway, promotes melanomagenesis, melanoma cell proliferation, and survival of metastases in serine-low environments such as the brain. While PHGDH amplification explains PHGDH overexpression in a subset of melanomas, we find that PHGDH levels are universally increased in melanoma cells due to oncogenic BRAFV600E promoting PHGDH transcription through mTORC1-mediated translation of ATF4. Importantly, PHGDH expression was critical for melanomagenesis as depletion of PHGDH in genetic mouse models blocked melanoma formation. Despite BRAFV600E-mediated upregulation, PHGDH was further induced by exogenous serine restriction. Surprisingly, BRAFV600E inhibition diminished serine restriction-mediated PHGDH expression by preventing ATF4 induction, creating a potential vulnerability whereby melanoma cells could be specifically starved of serine by combining BRAFV600E inhibition with exogenous serine restriction. Indeed, we show that this combination promoted cell death in vitro and attenuated melanoma growth in vivo. This study identified a melanoma cell-specific PHGDH-dependent vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neel Jasani
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
- Cancer Biology PhD Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Xiaonan Xu
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Benjamin Posorske
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Yumi Kim
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Olga Vera
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Kenneth Y. Tsai
- Department of Tumor Microenvironment and Metastasis, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Department of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Gina M. DeNicola
- Department of Metabolism and Physiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Florian A. Karreth
- Department of Molecular Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
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5
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Li HM, Li X, Xia R, Zhang X, Jin TZ, Zhang HS. PHGDH knockdown increases sensitivity to SR1, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor antagonist, in colorectal cancer by activating the autophagy pathway. FEBS J 2024; 291:1780-1794. [PMID: 38317509 DOI: 10.1111/febs.17080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has emerged as the third most prevalent and second deadliest cancer worldwide. Metabolic reprogramming is a key hallmark of cancer cells. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is over-expressed in multiple cancers, including CRC. Although the role of PHGDH in metabolism has been extensively investigated, its effects on CRC development remains to be elucidated. In the present study, it was demonstrated that PHGDH expression was significantly up-regulated in colorectal cancer. PHGDH expression was positively correlated with that of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and its target genes, CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, in CRC cells. Knockdown of PHGDH reduced AhR levels and activity, as well as the ratio of reduced to oxidized glutathione. The selective AhR antagonist stemregenin 1 induced cell death through reactive oxygen species-dependent autophagy in CRC cells. PHGDH knockdown induced CRC cell sensitivity to stemregenin 1 via the autophagy pathway. Our findings suggest that PHGDH modulates AhR signaling and the redox-dependent autophagy pathway in CRC, and that the combination of inhibition of both PHGDH and AhR may be a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ming Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xia
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tong-Zhao Jin
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Sheng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
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6
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Pandey S, Singh R, Habib N, Tripathi RM, Kushwaha R, Mahdi AA. Regulation of Hypoxia Dependent Reprogramming of Cancer Metabolism: Role of HIF-1 and Its Potential Therapeutic Implications in Leukemia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2024; 25:1121-1134. [PMID: 38679971 PMCID: PMC11162727 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2024.25.4.1121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming occurs to meet cancer cells' high energy demand. Its function is essential to the survival of malignancies. Comparing cancer cells to non-malignant cells has revealed that cancer cells have altered metabolism. Several pathways, particularly mTOR, Akt, PI3K, and HIF-1 (hypoxia-inducible factor-1) modulate the metabolism of cancer. Among other aspects of cancer biology, gene expression in metabolism, survival, invasion, proliferation, and angiogenesis of cells are controlled by HIF-1, a vital controller of cellular responsiveness to hypoxia. This article examines various cancer cell metabolisms, metabolic alterations that can take place in cancer cells, metabolic pathways, and molecular aspects of metabolic alteration in cancer cells placing special attention on the consequences of hypoxia-inducible factor and summarising some of their novel targets in the treatment of cancer including leukemia. A brief description of HIF-1α's role and target in a few common types of hematological malignancies (leukemia) is also elucidated in the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Pandey
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
| | - Ranjana Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
| | - Nimra Habib
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
| | - Ramesh Mani Tripathi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
| | - Rashmi Kushwaha
- Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
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Qannita RA, Alalami AI, Harb AA, Aleidi SM, Taneera J, Abu-Gharbieh E, El-Huneidi W, Saleh MA, Alzoubi KH, Semreen MH, Hudaib M, Bustanji Y. Targeting Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) in Cancer: Emerging Therapeutic Strategies and Pathway Regulation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:195. [PMID: 38399410 PMCID: PMC10892333 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key regulator for balancing oxygen in the cells. It is a transcription factor that regulates the expression of target genes involved in oxygen homeostasis in response to hypoxia. Recently, research has demonstrated the multiple roles of HIF-1 in the pathophysiology of various diseases, including cancer. It is a crucial mediator of the hypoxic response and regulator of oxygen metabolism, thus contributing to tumor development and progression. Studies showed that the expression of the HIF-1α subunit is significantly upregulated in cancer cells and promotes tumor survival by multiple mechanisms. In addition, HIF-1 has potential contributing roles in cancer progression, including cell division, survival, proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Moreover, HIF-1 has a role in regulating cellular metabolic pathways, particularly the anaerobic metabolism of glucose. Given its significant and potential roles in cancer development and progression, it has been an intriguing therapeutic target for cancer research. Several compounds targeting HIF-1-associated processes are now being used to treat different types of cancer. This review outlines emerging therapeutic strategies that target HIF-1 as well as the relevance and regulation of the HIF-1 pathways in cancer. Moreover, it addresses the employment of nanotechnology in developing these promising strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem A. Qannita
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayah I. Alalami
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amani A. Harb
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19111, Jordan;
| | - Shereen M. Aleidi
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.M.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Jalal Taneera
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Eman Abu-Gharbieh
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.M.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Waseem El-Huneidi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed A. Saleh
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad H. Semreen
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Hudaib
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.M.A.); (M.H.)
| | - Yasser Bustanji
- Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; (R.A.Q.); (A.I.A.); (J.T.); (E.A.-G.); (W.E.-H.); (M.A.S.); (K.H.A.); (M.H.S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan; (S.M.A.); (M.H.)
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Sun M, Zhao M, Li R, Zhang Y, Shi X, Ding C, Ma C, Lu J, Yue X. SHMT2 promotes papillary thyroid cancer metastasis through epigenetic activation of AKT signaling. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:87. [PMID: 38272883 PMCID: PMC10811326 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06476-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Cancer cells alter their metabolism and epigenetics to support cancer progression. However, very few modulators connecting metabolism and epigenetics have been uncovered. Here, we reveal that serine hydroxymethyltransferase-2 (SHMT2) generates S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to epigenetically repress phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), leading to papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) metastasis depending on activation of AKT signaling. SHMT2 is elevated in PTC, and is associated with poor prognosis. Overexpressed SHMT2 promotes PTC metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Proteomic enrichment analysis shows that AKT signaling is activated, and is positively associated with SHMT2 in PTC specimens. Blocking AKT activation eliminates the effects of SHMT2 on promoting PTC metastasis. Furthermore, SHMT2 expression is negatively associated with PTEN, a negative AKT regulator, in PTC specimens. Mechanistically, SHMT2 catalyzes serine metabolism and produces activated one-carbon units that can generate SAM for the methylation of CpG islands in PTEN promoter for PTEN suppression and following AKT activation. Importantly, interference with PTEN expression affects SHMT2 function by promoting AKT signaling activation and PTC metastasis. Collectively, our research demonstrates that SHMT2 connects metabolic reprogramming and epigenetics, contributing to the poor progression of PTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Mingjian Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Ruowen Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Yankun Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Xiaojia Shi
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Changyuan Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China
| | - Jinghui Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
| | - Xuetian Yue
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo Medical College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, China.
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9
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Xu F, Jiang HL, Feng WW, Fu C, Zhou JC. Characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:6318-6326. [PMID: 37900242 PMCID: PMC10601002 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i27.6318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, metabolomics research has become a hot spot in the screening and treatment of cancer. It is a popular technique for the quantitative characterization of small molecular compounds in biological cells, tissues, organs or organisms. Further study of the tumor revealed that amino acid changes may occur early in the tumor. The rapid growth and metabolism required for survival result in tumors exhibiting an increased demand for amino acids. An abundant supply of amino acids is important for cancer to maintain its proliferative driving force. Changes in amino acid metabolism can be used to screen malignant tumors and improve therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the characteristics of amino acid metabolism in colorectal cancer. This article reviews several specific amino acid metabolism characteristics in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Hong-Liang Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wei-Wei Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Chen Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiang-Chang Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University, Dalian 116000, Liaoning Province, China
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10
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Zhang Y, Wan X, Yang X, Liu X, Huang Q, Zhou L, Zhang S, Liu S, Xiong Q, Wei M, Qiu L, Zhang B, Han J. eIF3i promotes colorectal cancer cell survival via augmenting PHGDH translation. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105177. [PMID: 37611825 PMCID: PMC10511817 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Translational regulation is one of the decisive steps in gene expression, and its dysregulation is closely related to tumorigenesis. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit i (eIF3i) promotes tumor growth by selectively regulating gene translation, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we show that eIF3i is significantly increased in colorectal cancer (CRC) and reinforces the proliferation of CRC cells. Using ribosome profiling and proteomics analysis, several genes regulated by eIF3i at the translation level were identified, including D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), a rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo serine synthesis pathway that participates in metabolic reprogramming of tumor cells. PHGDH knockdown significantly represses CRC cell proliferation and partially attenuates the excessive growth induced by eIF3i overexpression. Mechanistically, METTL3-mediated N6-methyladenosine modification on PHGDH mRNA promotes its binding with eIF3i, ultimately leading to a higher translational rate. In addition, knocking down eIF3i and PHGDH impedes tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, this study not only uncovered a novel regulatory mechanism for PHGDH translation but also demonstrated that eIF3i is a critical metabolic regulator in human cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaguang Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaowen Wan
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuyang Yang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Huang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Su Zhang
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Sicheng Liu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qunli Xiong
- Research Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingtian Wei
- Research Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Qiu
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Research Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junhong Han
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center and State Laboratory of Biotherapy, and Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics and Genomics, Department of General Surgery, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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11
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Zhai L, Yang X, Cheng Y, Wang J. Glutamine and amino acid metabolism as a prognostic signature and therapeutic target in endometrial cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:16337-16358. [PMID: 37387559 PMCID: PMC10469729 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common female reproductive system cancer in developed countries with growing incidence and associated mortality, which may be due to the growing prevalence of obesity. Metabolism reprogramming including glucose, amino acid, and lipid remodeling is a hallmark of tumors. Glutamine metabolism has been reported to participate in tumor proliferation and development. This study aimed to develop a glutamine metabolism-related prognostic model for EC and explore potential targets for cancer treatment. METHOD Transcriptomic data and survival outcome of EC were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Differentially expressed genes related to glutamine metabolism were recognized and utilized to build a prognostic model by univariate and multivariate Cox regressions. The model was confirmed in the training, testing, and the entire cohort. A nomogram combing prognostic model and clinicopathologic features was established and tested. Moreover, we explored the effect of a key metabolic enzyme, PHGDH, on the biological behavior of EC cell lines and xenograft model. RESULTS Five glutamine metabolism-related genes, including PHGDH, OTC, ASRGL1, ASNS, and NR1H4, were involved in prognostic model construction. Kaplan-Meier curve suggested that patients recognized as high risk underwent inferior outcomes. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed the model was sufficient to predict survival. Enrichment analysis recognized DNA replication and repair dysfunction in high-risk patients whereas immune relevance analysis revealed low immune scores in the high-risk group. Finally, a nomogram integrating the prognostic model and clinical factors was created and verified. Further, knockdown of PHGDH showed cell growth inhibition, increasing apoptosis, and reduced migration. Promisingly, NCT-503, a PHGDH inhibitor, significantly repressed tumor growth in vivo (p = 0.0002). CONCLUSION Our work established and validated a glutamine metabolism-related prognostic model that favorably evaluates the prognosis of EC patients. DNA replication and repair may be the crucial point that linked glutamine metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and EC progression. High-risk patients stratified by the model may not be sufficient for immune therapy. PHGDH might be a crucial target that links serine metabolism, glutamine metabolism as well as EC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lirong Zhai
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Xiao Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Jianliu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyPeking University People's HospitalBeijingChina
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12
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Anti-colon cancer effects of Spirulina polysaccharide and its mechanism based on 3D models. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 228:559-569. [PMID: 36581031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Spirulina polysaccharides (PSP) possess significant biological properties. However, it is still a lack of investigation on the anti-colorectal cancer effect and mechanism. In this study, PSP showed significant effects on LoVo cell spheroids with an IC50 value of 0.1943 mg/mL. The analysis of transcriptomics and metabolomics indicated the impact of PSP on LoVo spheroid cells through involvement in the two pathways of "glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism" and "ABC transporters". And, the q-PCR data further verified the pointed mechanism of PSP on colon cancer (CC) by regulating the expression levels of relevant genes in the synthesis pathways of serine and glycine in tumor cells. Furthermore, the anti-colon cancer effects of PSP were verified via other human colon cancer cell lines HCT116 and HT29 spheroids (IC50 = 0.0646 mg/mL and 0.2213 mg/mL, respectively), and three patient-derived organoids (PDOs) with IC50 values ranging from 3.807 to 7.788 mg/mL. In addition, this study found that a mild concentration of PSP cannot enhance the anti-tumor effect of 5-Fu. And a significant inhibition was found of PSP in 5-Fu resistance organoids. These results illustrated that PSP could be a treatment or supplement for 5-Fu resistant colorectal cancer (CRC).
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13
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A Novel Molecular Analysis Approach in Colorectal Cancer Suggests New Treatment Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041104. [PMID: 36831448 PMCID: PMC9953902 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a molecular and clinically heterogeneous disease. In 2015, the Colorectal Cancer Subtyping Consortium classified CRC into four consensus molecular subtypes (CMS), but these CMS have had little impact on clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to deepen the molecular characterization of CRC. A novel approach, based on probabilistic graphical models (PGM) and sparse k-means-consensus cluster layer analyses, was applied in order to functionally characterize CRC tumors. First, PGM was used to functionally characterize CRC, and then sparse k-means-consensus cluster was used to explore layers of biological information and establish classifications. To this aim, gene expression and clinical data of 805 CRC samples from three databases were analyzed. Three different layers based on biological features were identified: adhesion, immune, and molecular. The adhesion layer divided patients into high and low adhesion groups, with prognostic value. The immune layer divided patients into immune-high and immune-low groups, according to the expression of immune-related genes. The molecular layer established four molecular groups related to stem cells, metabolism, the Wnt signaling pathway, and extracellular functions. Immune-high patients, with higher expression of immune-related genes and genes involved in the viral mimicry response, may benefit from immunotherapy and viral mimicry-related therapies. Additionally, several possible therapeutic targets have been identified in each molecular group. Therefore, this improved CRC classification could be useful in searching for new therapeutic targets and specific therapeutic strategies in CRC disease.
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Dai Z, Chen L, Pan K, Zhao X, Xu W, Du J, Xing C. Multi-omics Analysis of the Role of PHGDH in Colon Cancer. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2023; 22:15330338221145994. [PMID: 36707056 PMCID: PMC9896097 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221145994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Serine metabolism is essential for tumor cells. Endogenous serine arises from de novo synthesis pathways. As the rate-limiting enzyme of this pathway, PHGDH is highly expressed in a variety of tumors including colon cancer. Therefore, targeted inhibition of PHGDH is an important strategy for anti-tumor therapy research. However, the specific gene expression and metabolic pathways regulated by PHGDH in colon cancer are still unclear. Our study was aimed to clarified the role of PHGDH in serine metabolism in colon cancer to provide new knowledge for in-depth understanding of serine metabolism and PHGDH function in colon cancer. Methods: In this study, we analyzed the gene expression and metabolic remodeling process of colon cancer cells (SW620) after targeted inhibition of PHGDH by gene transcriptomics and metabolomics. LC-MS analysis was performed in 293T cells to PHGDH gene transcription and protein post-translational modification under depriving exogenous serine. Results: We found that amino acid transporters, amino acid metabolism, lipid synthesis related pathways compensation and other processes are involved in the response process after PHGDH inhibition. And ATF4 mediated the transcriptional expression of PHGDH under exogenous serine deficiency conditions. While LC-MS analysis of post-translational modification revealed that PHGDH produced changes in acetylation sites after serine deprivation that the K289 site was lost, and a new acetylation site K21was produced. Conclusion: Our study performed transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis by inhibiting PHGDH, thus clarifying the role of PHGDH in gene transcription and metabolism in colon cancer cells. The mechanism of high PHGDH expression in colon cancer cells and the acetylation modification that occurs in PHGDH protein were also clarified by serine deprivation. In our study, the role of PHGDH in serine metabolism in colon cancer was clarified by multi-omics analysis to provide new knowledge for in-depth understanding of serine metabolism and PHGDH function in colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Dai
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University, Suzhou, China,Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University
School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - KaiLing Pan
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University
School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - XiaoYa Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine,
Medical
School of Nanjing University, Nanjing,
Jiangsu Province, China
| | - WenXia Xu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University
School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - JinLin Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital,
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang Province, China,JinLin Du, Department of Colorectal
Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine,
Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China.
Chungen Xing, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of
Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Chungen Xing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow
University, Suzhou, China
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15
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Gao D, Tang S, Cen Y, Yuan L, Lan X, Li QH, Lin GQ, Huang M, Tian P. Discovery of Novel Drug-like PHGDH Inhibitors to Disrupt Serine Biosynthesis for Cancer Therapy. J Med Chem 2023; 66:285-305. [PMID: 36594670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Being the rate-limiting enzyme within the serine biosynthesis pathway, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is abnormally overexpressed in numerous malignant tumor cells and is a promising target for cancer treatment. Here, we report a series of novel PHGDH inhibitors using a focused compound screening and structural optimization approach. The lead compound D8 displayed good enzymatic inhibitory activity (IC50 = 2.8 ± 0.1 μM), high binding affinity (Kd = 2.33 μM), and sensitivity to the cell lines with the PHGDH gene amplification or overexpression. Furthermore, D8 was proven to restrict the de novo serine synthesis from glucose within MDA-MB-468 cells. X-ray crystallographic analysis, molecular dynamics simulations, and mutagenesis experiments on PHGDH revealed the binding site at D175 inside the NAD+-binding pocket. Finally, D8 exhibited excellent in vivo pharmacokinetic properties (F = 82.0%) and exerted evident antitumor efficacy in the PC9 xenograft mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingding Gao
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shuai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.,School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yixin Cen
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojing Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qing-Hua Li
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Lin
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Min Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Tian
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center for TCM Chemical Biology, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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16
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Van de Gucht M, Dufait I, Kerkhove L, Corbet C, de Mey S, Jiang H, Law KL, Gevaert T, Feron O, De Ridder M. Inhibition of Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase Radiosensitizes Human Colorectal Cancer Cells under Hypoxic Conditions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14205060. [PMID: 36291844 PMCID: PMC9599856 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14205060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is the third most prevalent cancer worldwide. Treatment options for these patients consist of surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. However, a subset of tumors will not respond to therapy or acquire resistance during the course of the treatment, leading to patient relapse. The interplay between reprogramming cancer metabolism and radiotherapy has become an appealing strategy to improve a patient’s outcome. Due to the overexpression of certain enzymes in a variety of cancer types, including colorectal cancer, the serine synthesis pathway has recently become an attractive metabolic target. We demonstrated that by inhibiting the first enzyme of this pathway, namely phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), tumor cells that are deprived of oxygen (as is generally the case in solid tumors) respond better to radiation, leading to increased tumor cell killing in an experimental model of human colorectal cancer. Abstract Augmented de novo serine synthesis activity is increasingly apparent in distinct types of cancers and has mainly sparked interest by investigation of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH). Overexpression of PHGDH has been associated with higher tumor grade, shorter relapse time and decreased overall survival. It is well known that therapeutic outcomes in cancer patients can be improved by reprogramming metabolic pathways in combination with standard treatment options, for example, radiotherapy. In this study, possible metabolic changes related to radioresponse were explored upon PHGDH inhibition. Additionally, we evaluated whether PHGDH inhibition could improve radioresponse in human colorectal cancer cell lines in both aerobic and radiobiological relevant hypoxic conditions. Dysregulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and dysfunction in mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption rate were indicative of potential radiomodulatory effects. We demonstrated that PHGDH inhibition radiosensitized hypoxic human colorectal cancer cells while leaving intrinsic radiosensitivity unaffected. In a xenograft model, the first hints of additive effects between PHGDH inhibition and radiotherapy were demonstrated. In conclusion, this study is the first to show that modulation of de novo serine biosynthesis enhances radioresponse in hypoxic colorectal cancer cells, mainly mediated by increased levels of intracellular ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Van de Gucht
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Inès Dufait
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lisa Kerkhove
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cyril Corbet
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sven de Mey
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Heng Jiang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ka Lun Law
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thierry Gevaert
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Olivier Feron
- Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics (FATH), Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), UCLouvain, Avenue Mounier 53, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mark De Ridder
- Department of Radiotherapy, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +32-2-4776144
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Li S, Yang H, Li W, Liu JY, Ren LW, Yang YH, Ge BB, Zhang YZ, Fu WQ, Zheng XJ, Du GH, Wang JH. ADH1C inhibits progression of colorectal cancer through the ADH1C/PHGDH /PSAT1/serine metabolic pathway. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2709-2722. [PMID: 35354963 PMCID: PMC9525271 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common cancer in women worldwide. CRC is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Although some progress in the treatment of CRC has been achieved, the molecular mechanism of CRC is still unclear. In this study, alcohol dehydrogenase 1C(ADH1C) was first identified as a target gene closely associated with the development of CRC by the comprehensive application of transcriptomics, proteomics, metabonomics and in silico analysis. The ADH1C mRNA and protein expression in CRC cell lines and tumor tissues was lower than that in normal intestinal epithelial cell lines and healthy tissues. Overexpression of ADH1C inhibited the growth, migration, invasion and colony formation of CRC cell lines and prevented the growth of xenograft tumors in nude mice. The inhibitory effects of ADH1C on CRC cells in vitro were exerted by reducing the expression of PHGDH/PSAT1 and the serine level. This inhibition could be partially reversed by adding serine to the culture medium. These results showed that ADH1C is a potential drug target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hong Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jin-Yi Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li-Wen Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi-Hui Yang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Bin-Bin Ge
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yi-Zhi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Wei-Qi Fu
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Xiang-Jin Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Jin-Hua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing, 100050, China.
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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18
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Lodi A, Pandey R, Chiou J, Bhattacharya A, Huang S, Pan X, Burgman B, Yi SS, Tiziani S, Brenner AJ. Circulating metabolites associated with tumor hypoxia and early response to treatment in bevacizumab-refractory glioblastoma after combined bevacizumab and evofosfamide. Front Oncol 2022; 12:900082. [PMID: 36226069 PMCID: PMC9549210 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.900082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most common and aggressive form of primary malignant brain tumor in the adult population, and, despite modern therapies, patients often develop recurrent disease, and the disease remains incurable with median survival below 2 years. Resistance to bevacizumab is driven by hypoxia in the tumor and evofosfamide is a hypoxia-activated prodrug, which we tested in a phase 2, dual center (University of Texas Health Science Center in San Antonio and Dana Farber Cancer Institute) clinical trial after bevacizumab failure. Tumor hypoxic volume was quantified by 18F-misonidazole PET. To identify circulating metabolic biomarkers of tumor hypoxia in patients, we used a high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based approach to profile blood metabolites and their specific enantiomeric forms using untargeted approaches. Moreover, to evaluate early response to treatment, we characterized changes in circulating metabolite levels during treatment with combined bevacizumab and evofosfamide in recurrent GBM after bevacizumab failure. Gamma aminobutyric acid, and glutamic acid as well as its enantiomeric form D-glutamic acid all inversely correlated with tumor hypoxia. Intermediates of the serine synthesis pathway, which is known to be modulated by hypoxia, also correlated with tumor hypoxia (phosphoserine and serine). Moreover, following treatment, lactic acid was modulated by treatment, likely in response to a hypoxia mediated modulation of oxidative vs glycolytic metabolism. In summary, although our results require further validation in larger patients’ cohorts, we have identified candidate metabolic biomarkers that could evaluate the extent of tumor hypoxia and predict the benefit of combined bevacizumab and evofosfamide treatment in GBM following bevacizumab failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Lodi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Alessia Lodi, ; Andrew J. Brenner,
| | - Renu Pandey
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer Chiou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Ayon Bhattacharya
- Mays Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Shiliang Huang
- Mays Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Xingxin Pan
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Brandon Burgman
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology (ICMB), College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - S. Stephen Yi
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology (ICMB), College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cockrell School of Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences (ICES), The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Dell Pediatric Research Institute, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Oncology, Dell Medical School, Livestrong Cancer Institutes, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology (ICMB), College of Natural Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Andrew J. Brenner
- Mays Cancer Center, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Alessia Lodi, ; Andrew J. Brenner,
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Lai HT, Naumova N, Marchais A, Gaspar N, Geoerger B, Brenner C. Insight into the interplay between mitochondria-regulated cell death and energetic metabolism in osteosarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:948097. [PMID: 36072341 PMCID: PMC9441498 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.948097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a pediatric malignant bone tumor that predominantly affects adolescent and young adults. It has high risk for relapse and over the last four decades no improvement of prognosis was achieved. It is therefore crucial to identify new drug candidates for OS treatment to combat drug resistance, limit relapse, and stop metastatic spread. Two acquired hallmarks of cancer cells, mitochondria-related regulated cell death (RCD) and metabolism are intimately connected. Both have been shown to be dysregulated in OS, making them attractive targets for novel treatment. Promising OS treatment strategies focus on promoting RCD by targeting key molecular actors in metabolic reprogramming. The exact interplay in OS, however, has not been systematically analyzed. We therefore review these aspects by synthesizing current knowledge in apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy in OS. Additionally, we outline an overview of mitochondrial function and metabolic profiles in different preclinical OS models. Finally, we discuss the mechanism of action of two novel molecule combinations currently investigated in active clinical trials: metformin and the combination of ADI-PEG20, Docetaxel and Gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Toan Lai
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Nataliia Naumova
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Birgit Geoerger
- INSERM U1015, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Catherine Brenner
- CNRS, Institut Gustave Roussy, Aspects métaboliques et systémiques de l’oncogénèse pour de nouvelles approches thérapeutiques, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- *Correspondence: Catherine Brenner,
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20
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Zhang Y, Gong R, Liu Y, Sun X, Liang J, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Yu W, Wang Y, Tang L, He A, Shen Z, Yao Y, Hu H, Liu X, Zhang J. Ailanthone Inhibits Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Osteosarcoma Cells by Downregulating the Serine Biosynthetic Pathway. Front Oncol 2022; 12:842406. [PMID: 35186770 PMCID: PMC8850634 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.842406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone sarcoma, chemoresistance becomes an obstacle to its treatment. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignancy, targeting the metabolic pathways might provide a reasonable therapeutic strategy for OS. Here we demonstrated that Ailanthone (AIL), a major component of the Chinese medicine Ailanthus altissima, significantly suppressed OS cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, AIL dose-dependently inhibited cell migration and invasion, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in OS cells. Combined transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics analyses revealed that AIL induced widespread changes in metabolic programs in OS cells, while the serine biosynthetic pathway (SSP) was the most significantly altered pathway. qRT-PCR and Western blot assay confirmed that the transcript and protein levels of the SSP genes (PHGDH, PSAT1 and PSPH) were downregulated dose-dependently by AIL. In addition, we found out that many downstream pathways of the SSP including the one-carbon pool by folate, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, DNA replication and sphingolipid metabolism were downregulated after AIL treatment. In the revere test, PHGDH overexpression but not exogenous serine supplementation clearly attenuated the effects of AIL on OS cells. Taken together, AIL exerts antitumor effects on OS through mediating metabolic reprogramming, at least in part, by suppressing the SSP. Our findings suggest that AIL could emerge as a potential therapeutic strategy in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawen Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Runze Gong
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, China
| | - Xipeng Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Liang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Eighth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxi Yu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Tang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Aina He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zan Shen
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
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21
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Jin L, Kiang KMY, Cheng SY, Leung GKK. Pharmacological inhibition of serine synthesis enhances temozolomide efficacy by decreasing O 6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated DNA damage in glioblastoma. J Transl Med 2022; 102:194-203. [PMID: 34625658 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant primary tumor in the central nervous system of adults. Temozolomide (TMZ), an alkylating agent, is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for GBM patients. However, its efficacy is often limited by innate or acquired chemoresistance. Cancer cells can rewire their metabolic programming to support rapid growth and sustain cell survival against chemotherapies. An example is the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP), one of the main branches from glycolysis that is highly activated in multiple cancers in promoting cancer progression and inducing chemotherapy resistance. However, the roles of SSP in TMZ therapy for GBM patients remain unexplored. In this study, we employed NCT503, a highly selective inhibitor of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH, the first rate-limiting enzyme of SSP), to study whether inhibition of SSP may enhance TMZ efficacy in MGMT-positive GBMs. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), flowcytometry and colony formation assays demonstrated that NCT503 worked synergistically with TMZ in suppressing GBM cell growth and inducing apoptosis in T98G and U118 cells in vitro. U118 and patient-derived GBM subcutaneous xenograft models showed that combined NCT503 and TMZ treatment inhibited GBM growth and promoted apoptosis more significantly than would each treatment alone in vivo. Mechanistically, we found that NCT503 treatment decreased MGMT expression possibly by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species were elevated especially when NCT503 and TMZ treatments were combined, and the synergistic effects could be partially negated by NAC, a classic scavenger of reactive oxygen species. Taken together, these results suggest that NCT503 may be a promising agent for augmenting TMZ efficacy in the treatment of GBM, especially in TMZ-resistant GBMs with high expression of MGMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Jin
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Karrie Mei-Yee Kiang
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen Yin Cheng
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gilberto Ka-Kit Leung
- Department of Surgery, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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22
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Chen C, Zhu T, Liu X, Zhu D, Zhang Y, Wu S, Han C, Zhang H, Luo J, Kong L. Identification of a novel PHGDH covalent inhibitor by chemical proteomics and phenotypic profiling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 12:246-261. [PMID: 35127383 PMCID: PMC8799887 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The first rate-limiting enzyme of the serine synthesis pathway (SSP), phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), is hyperactive in multiple tumors, which leads to the activation of SSP and promotes tumorigenesis. However, only a few inhibitors of PHGDH have been discovered to date, especially the covalent inhibitors of PHGDH. Here, we identified withangulatin A (WA), a natural small molecule, as a novel covalent inhibitor of PHGDH. Affinity-based protein profiling identified that WA could directly bind to PHGDH and inactivate the enzyme activity of PHGDH. Biolayer interferometry and LC-MS/MS analysis further demonstrated the selective covalent binding of WA to the cysteine 295 residue (Cys295) of PHGDH. With the covalent modification of Cys295, WA blocked the substrate-binding domain (SBD) of PHGDH and exerted an allosteric effect to induce PHGDH inactivation. Further studies revealed that with the inhibition of PHGDH mediated by WA, the glutathione synthesis was decreased and intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were elevated, leading to the inhibition of tumor proliferation. This study indicates WA as a novel PHGDH covalent inhibitor, which identifies Cys295 as a novel allosteric regulatory site of PHGDH and holds great potential in developing anti-tumor agents for targeting PHGDH.
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Key Words
- 3-PG, 3-phosphoglycerate
- 3-PHP, 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate
- ABPP, affinity-based protein profiling
- BLI, biolayer interferometry assay
- CETSA, cellular thermal shift assay
- Chemical proteomics
- Colon cancer
- Covalent inhibitor
- CuAAC, copper-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition
- DARTS, drug affinity responsive target stability
- GSH, glutathione
- MD, molecular dynamics
- NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- Oxidative stress
- PHGDH, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase
- PSAT, phosphoserine aminotransferase
- Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase
- RMSD, root mean square deviation
- RMSF, root mean square fluctuations
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SBD, substrate-binding domain
- SSP, serine synthesis pathway
- Serine synthesis pathway
- TBTA, tris[(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methyl]amine
- TCEP, tris(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine
- Withangulatin A
- Withanolides
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jianguang Luo
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 25 83271405, +86 25 83271402.
| | - Lingyi Kong
- Corresponding authors. Tel./fax: +86 25 83271405, +86 25 83271402.
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23
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Sun S, Li C, Cui K, Liu B, Zhou M, Cao Y, Zhang J, Bian Z, Fei B, Huang Z. Hsa_circ_0062682 Promotes Serine Metabolism and Tumor Growth in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating the miR-940/PHGDH Axis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:770006. [PMID: 34957102 PMCID: PMC8692793 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.770006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies globally. Increasing evidence indicates that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a pivotal role in various cancers. The present study focused on exploring the role of a functionally unknown circRNA, hsa_circ_0062682 (circ_0062682), in CRC. By online analyses and experimental validations, we showed that circ_0062682 expression was aberrantly increased in CRC tissues compared with paired normal tissues. Increased expression of circ_0062682 in CRC notably correlated with a poor prognosis and advanced tumor stage. Functional experiments showed that circ_0062682 knockdown reduced CRC growth both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, we revealed that circ_0062682 could sponge miR-940 and identified D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), a key oxidoreductase involved in serine biosynthesis, as a novel target of miR-940. Silencing miR-940 expression could mimic the inhibitory effect of circ_0062682 knockdown on CRC proliferation. The expression of PHGDH was downregulated in circ_0062682-depleted or miR-940 overexpressing CRC cells at both the mRNA and protein levels. Circ_0062682 knockdown suppressed CRC growth by decreasing PHGDH expression and serine production via miR-940. Taken together, these data demonstrate, for the first time, that circ_0062682 promotes serine metabolism and tumor growth in CRC by regulating the miR-940/PHGDH axis, suggesting circ_0062682 as a potential novel therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbai Sun
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chaoqun Li
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Kaisa Cui
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bingxin Liu
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingyue Zhou
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yulin Cao
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zehua Bian
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Bojian Fei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhaohui Huang
- Wuxi Cancer Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.,Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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24
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Exploration of the Key Proteins of High-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Adenocarcinoma Sequence Using In-Depth Quantitative Proteomics Analysis. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:5538756. [PMID: 34880916 PMCID: PMC8648452 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5538756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose In this study, we aimed to provide a comprehensive description of typical features and identify key proteins associated with the high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia- (HIN-) adenocarcinoma (AC) sequence. Methods We conducted tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomic profiling of normal mucosa, HIN, and AC tissues. Protein clusters representative of the HIN-AC sequence were identified using heatmaps based on Pearson's correlation analysis. Gene ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Reactome analyses were performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) database, ClueGO plugin in Cytoscape, and the Metascape database. The prognostic value of the key proteins and their effects on the tumor microenvironment and consensus molecular subtype were explored based on The Cancer Genome Atlas. Results We identified 536 proteins categorized into three clusters. Among the biological processes and pathways of the highly expressed proteins in the HIN-AC sequence, proteins were predominantly enriched in response to gut microbiota, cell proliferation, leukocyte migration, and extracellular matrix (ECM) organization events. SERPINH1 and P3H1 were identified as the key proteins that promote the HIN-AC sequence. In the correlation analysis of infiltrating immune cells, both SERPINH1 and P3H1 expression correlated negatively with tumor purity, while correlating positively with abundance of CD8+ T cells, B cells, macrophage/monocytes, dendritic cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, neutrophils, and natural killer cells. Furthermore, both SERPINH1 and P3H1 expression positively correlated with common immune checkpoints and mesenchymal molecular subtype. High P3H1 expression was associated with poor disease-free survival and overall survival. Conclusions ECM-related biological processes and pathways are typical features of the HIN-AC sequence. SERPINH1 and P3H1 might be the key proteins in this sequence and be related to ECM remodeling and immune suppression status in CRC.
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25
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Wang Y, Zheng M, Jiang Q, Xu Y, Zhou X, Zhang N, Sun D, Li H, Chen L. Chemical Components of the Fruits of Morus nigra Linn.: Methyl Caffeate as a Potential Anticancer Agent by Targeting 3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12433-12444. [PMID: 34664962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Two previously undescribed compounds, moranigrine A (1) and morusamine (2), along with 18 known compounds were isolated from the fruits of Morus nigra Linn. and structurally characterized using spectroscopic data and electronic circular dichroism analyses. All isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effects on the 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) enzyme, which catalyzes the first committed step for the synthesis of glucose-derived serine and is associated with many kinds of cancers. Among these compounds, methyl caffeate (3) exhibited effective inhibition against PHGDH and was directly bound to PHGDH based on the microscale thermophoresis method and the cellular thermal shift assay. Further biochemical assays revealed that 3 was a noncompetitive inhibitor with respect to the substrate of 3-phosphoglycerate and exhibited a concentration-dependent inhibition. Molecular docking demonstrated that 3 coordinated in an allosteric site of PHGDH with low binding energy. Meanwhile, 3 was selectively toxic to high PHGDH-expressing cancer cell lines and could cause apoptosis of cervical cancer cells in micromolar concentrations and could obviously inhibit tumor growth in the HeLa xenograft mouse model with low toxicities. Therefore, 3 could be developed as a potential inhibitor of PHGDH for the treatment of cancers. Our present study provides information about M. nigra as a functional food or pharmaceutical supplement in the application of cancer prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mengzhu Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Qinghua Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xuechen Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dejuan Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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26
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The impact of physiological metabolite levels on serine uptake, synthesis and utilization in cancer cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6176. [PMID: 34702840 PMCID: PMC8548528 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26395-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Serine is a non-essential amino acid that is critical for tumour proliferation and depletion of circulating serine results in reduced tumour growth and increased survival in various cancer models. While many cancer cells cultured in a standard tissue culture medium depend on exogenous serine for optimal growth, here we report that these cells are less sensitive to serine/glycine depletion in medium containing physiological levels of metabolites. The lower requirement for exogenous serine under these culture conditions reflects both increased de novo serine synthesis and the use of hypoxanthine (not present in the standard medium) to support purine synthesis. Limiting serine availability leads to increased uptake of extracellular hypoxanthine, sparing available serine for other pathways such as glutathione synthesis. Taken together these results improve our understanding of serine metabolism in physiologically relevant nutrient conditions and allow us to predict interventions that may enhance the therapeutic response to dietary serine/glycine limitation. Cancer cells in culture are often grown in media conditions containing unphysiological metabolite levels. Here, the authors grow cells under physiological metabolite levels to further understand the reliance of cells on serine and find that when grown under these conditions the cells are less sensitive to serine withdrawal.
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27
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Zhou X, Tan Y, Gou K, Tao L, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Zuo Z, Sun Q, Luo Y, Zhao Y. Discovery of novel inhibitors of human phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase by activity-directed combinatorial chemical synthesis strategy. Bioorg Chem 2021; 115:105159. [PMID: 34298241 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Serine, the source of the one-carbon units essential for de novo purine and deoxythymidine synthesis plays a crucial role in the growth of cancer cells. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) which catalyzes the first, rate-limiting step in de novo serine biosynthesis has become a promising target for the cancer treatment. Here we identified H-G6 as a potential PHGDH inhibitor from the screening of an in-house small molecule library based on the enzymatic assay. We adopted activity-directed combinatorial chemical synthesis strategy to optimize this hit compound. Compound b36 was found to be the noncompetitive and the most promising one with IC50 values of 5.96 ± 0.61 μM against PHGDH. Compound b36 inhibited the proliferation of human breast cancer and ovarian cancer cells, reduced intracellular serine synthesis, damaged DNA synthesis, and induced cell cycle arrest. Collectively, our results suggest that b36 is a novel PHGDH inhibitor, which could be a promising modulator to reprogram the serine synthesis pathway and might be a potential anticancer lead worth further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuping Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kun Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lei Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zeping Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qingxiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Youfu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yinglan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Chengdu 610041, China; West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Cancer Cell Metabolism in Hypoxia: Role of HIF-1 as Key Regulator and Therapeutic Target. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115703. [PMID: 34071836 PMCID: PMC8199012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to meet the high energy demand, a metabolic reprogramming occurs in cancer cells. Its role is crucial in promoting tumor survival. Among the substrates in demand, oxygen is fundamental for bioenergetics. Nevertheless, tumor microenvironment is frequently characterized by low-oxygen conditions. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a pivotal modulator of the metabolic reprogramming which takes place in hypoxic cancer cells. In the hub of cellular bioenergetics, mitochondria are key players in regulating cellular energy. Therefore, a close crosstalk between mitochondria and HIF-1 underlies the metabolic and functional changes of cancer cells. Noteworthy, HIF-1 represents a promising target for novel cancer therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between HIF-1 and energetic metabolism, with a focus on mitochondria, of hypoxic cancer cells.
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29
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Zhao X, Fu J, Hu B, Chen L, Wang J, Fang J, Ge C, Lin H, Pan K, Fu L, Wang L, Du J, Xu W. Serine Metabolism Regulates YAP Activity Through USP7 in Colon Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:639111. [PMID: 34055773 PMCID: PMC8152669 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.639111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming is a vital factor in the development of many types of cancer, including colon cancer. Serine metabolic reprogramming is a major feature of tumor metabolism. Yes-associated protein (YAP) participates in organ size control and tumorigenesis. However, the relationship between YAP and serine metabolism in colon cancer is unclear. In this study, RNA sequencing and metabolomics analyses indicated significant enrichment of the glycine, serine, and threonine metabolism pathways in serine starvation-resistant cells. Short-term serine deficiency inhibited YAP activation, whereas a prolonged response dephosphorylated YAP and promoted its activity. Mechanistically, USP7 increases YAP stability under increased serine conditions by regulating deubiquitination. Verteporfin (VP) effectively inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells and organoids and could even modulate serine metabolism by inhibiting USP7 expression. Clinically, YAP was significantly activated in colon tumor tissues and positively correlated with the expression of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) and USP7. Generally, our study uncovered the mechanism by which serine metabolism regulates YAP via USP7 and identified the crucial role of YAP in the regulation of cell proliferation and tumor growth; thus, VP may be a new treatment for colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jinyong Fang
- Department of Science and Education, Jinhua Guangfu Oncology Hospital, Huancheng, Jinhua, China
| | - Chenyang Ge
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Kailing Pan
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Liang Fu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China.,Department of Nursing, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Lude Wang
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jinlin Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- Central Laboratory, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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McNamee MJ, Michod D, Niklison-Chirou MV. Can small molecular inhibitors that stop de novo serine synthesis be used in cancer treatment? Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:87. [PMID: 33931592 PMCID: PMC8087698 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
To sustain their malignancy, tumour cells acquire several metabolic adaptations such as increased oxygen, glucose, glutamine, and lipids uptake. Other metabolic processes are also enhanced as part of tumour metabolic reprogramming, for example, increased serine metabolism. Serine is a non-essential amino acid that supports several metabolic processes that are crucial for the growth and survival of proliferating cells, including protein, DNA, and glutathione synthesis. Indeed, increased activity of D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), the enzyme rate-limiting de novo serine synthesis, has been extensively reported in several tumours. Therefore, selective inhibition of PHGDH may represent a new therapeutic strategy for over-expressing PHGDH tumours, owing to its downstream inhibition of essential biomass production such as one-carbon units and nucleotides. This perspective article will discuss the current status of research into small molecular inhibitors against PHGDH in colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and Ewing's sarcoma. We will summarise recent studies on the development of PHGDH-inhibitors, highlighting their clinical potential as new therapeutics. It also wants to shed a light on some of the key limitations of the use of PHGDH-inhibitors in cancer treatment which are worth taking into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Jessica McNamee
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI-Bath), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - David Michod
- University College London, Institute of Child Health, London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Victoria Niklison-Chirou
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation (CTI-Bath), Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
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31
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Huang H, Liu K, Ou H, Qian X, Wan J. Phgdh serves a protective role in Il‑1β induced chondrocyte inflammation and oxidative‑stress damage. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:419. [PMID: 33846783 PMCID: PMC8025466 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary pathological changes observed in osteoarthritis (OA) involve inflammation and degeneration of chondrocytes. 3‑phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (Phgdh), a rate‑limiting enzyme involved in the conversion of 3‑phosphoglycerate to serine, serves as a crucial molecular component of cell growth and metabolism. However, its effects on chondrocytes in OA have not been determined. In the present study, a rat model of OA was used to investigate the expression levels of Phgdh in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the role of Phgdh in extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, inflammation, apoptosis and oxidative stress levels of chondrocytes was detected in vitro. Phgdh expression was decreased in OA, and Phgdh overexpression promoted ECM synthesis, decreased levels inflammatory cytokines, such as Il‑6, TNF‑α, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5 and MMP13, and decreased apoptosis. Furthermore, expression of Phgdh effectively increased expression levels of the cellular antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase 1, and decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species in chondrocytes; and this may have been regulated by a Kelch like ECH associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 axis. Taken together, these results suggest that Phgdh may be used to manage the progression of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hefei Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Keting Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Hua Ou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Xuankun Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
| | - Jianshan Wan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qujing First People's Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan 655000, P.R. China
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32
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Li M, Wu C, Yang Y, Zheng M, Yu S, Wang J, Chen L, Li H. 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase: a potential target for cancer treatment. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:541-556. [PMID: 33735398 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic changes have been recognized as an important hallmark of cancer cells. Cancer cells can promote their own growth and proliferation through metabolic reprogramming. Particularly, serine metabolism has frequently been reported to be dysregulated in tumor cells. 3-Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) catalyzes the first step in the serine biosynthesis pathway and acts as a rate-limiting enzyme involved in metabolic reprogramming. PHGDH upregulation has been observed in many tumor types, and inhibition of PHGDH expression has been reported to inhibit the proliferation of PHGDH-overexpressing tumor cells, indicating that it may be utilized as a target for cancer treatment. Recently identified inhibitors targeting PHGDH have already shown effectiveness. A further in-depth analysis and concomitant development of PHGDH inhibitors will be of great value for the treatment of cancer. CONCLUSIONS In this review we describe in detail the role of PHGDH in various cancers and inhibitors that have recently been identified to highlight progression in cancer treatment. We also discuss the development of new drugs and treatment modalities based on PHGDH targets. Overexpression of PHGDH has been observed in melanoma, breast cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, parathyroid adenoma, glioma, cervical cancer and others. PHGDH may serve as a molecular biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of these cancers. The design and development of novel PHGDH inhibitors may have broad implications for cancer treatment. Therapeutic strategies of PHGDH inhibitors in combination with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs may provide new perspectives for precision medicine and effective personalized treatment for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Canrong Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Yueying Yang
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Mengzhu Zheng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China
| | - Silin Yu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Medicine Chemistry (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China), Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Lixia Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Hua Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design & Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430030, Wuhan, China.
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33
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Chandrika M, Chua PJ, Muniasamy U, Huang RYJ, Thike AA, Ng CT, Tan PH, Yip GW, Bay BH. Prognostic significance of phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2021; 186:655-665. [PMID: 33625616 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-021-06123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting women worldwide. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is an oxidoreductase in the serine biosynthesis pathway. Although it has been reported to affect growth of various tumors, its role in breast cancer is largely unknown. This study aimed to analyze the expression of PHGDH in breast cancer tissue samples and to determine if PHGDH regulates breast cancer cell proliferation. METHODS Tissue microarrays consisting of 305 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinoma were used for immunohistochemical evaluation of PHGDH expression. The role of PHGDH in breast cancer was investigated in vitro by knocking down its expression and determining the effect on cell proliferation and cell cycling, and in ovo by using a chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. RESULTS Immunohistochemical examination showed that PHGDH is mainly localized in the cytoplasm of breast cancer cells and significantly associated with higher cancer grade, larger tumor size, increased PCNA expression, and lymph node positivity. Analysis of the GOBO dataset of 737 patients demonstrated that increased PHGDH expression was associated with poorer overall survival. Knockdown of PHGDH expression in breast cancer cells in vitro resulted in a decrease in cell proliferation, reduction in cells entering the S phase of the cell cycle, and downregulation of various cell cycle regulatory genes. The volume of breast tumor in an in ovo CAM assay was found to be smaller when PHGDH was silenced. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that PHGDH has a regulatory role in breast cancer cell proliferation and may be a potential prognostic marker and therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthukrishnan Chandrika
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Pei Jou Chua
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Umamaheswari Muniasamy
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Ruby Yun Ju Huang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10051, Taiwan
| | - Aye Aye Thike
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - Cheng Teng Ng
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore
| | - Puay Hoon Tan
- Division of Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, 169856, Singapore
| | - George W Yip
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore.
| | - Boon Huat Bay
- Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117594, Singapore.
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Urizar-Arenaza I, Benedicto A, Perez-Valle A, Osinalde N, Akimov V, Muñoa-Hoyos I, Rodriguez JA, Asumendi A, Boyano MD, Blagoev B, Kratchmarova I, Subiran N. The multifunctional role of SPANX-A/D protein subfamily in the promotion of pro-tumoural processes in human melanoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3583. [PMID: 33574425 PMCID: PMC7878863 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83169-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Human sperm protein associated with the nucleus on the X chromosome (SPANX) genes encode a protein family (SPANX-A, -B, -C and -D), whose expression is limited to the testis and spermatozoa in normal tissues and various tumour cells. SPANX-A/D proteins have been detected in metastatic melanoma cells, but their contribution to cancer development and the underlying molecular mechanisms of skin tumourigenesis remain unknown. Combining functional and proteomic approaches, the present work describes the presence of SPANX-A/D in primary and metastatic human melanoma cells and how it promotes pro-tumoural processes such as cell proliferation, motility and migration. We provide insights into the molecular features of skin tumourigenesis, describing for the first time a multifunctional role of the SPANX-A/D protein family in nuclear function, energy metabolism and cell survival, considered key hallmarks of cancer. A better comprehension of the SPANX-A/D protein subfamily and its molecular mechanisms will help to describe new aspects of tumour cell biology and develop new therapeutic targets and tumour-directed pharmacological drugs for skin tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itziar Urizar-Arenaza
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain. .,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain.
| | - Aitor Benedicto
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Arantza Perez-Valle
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Nerea Osinalde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Vyacheslav Akimov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Iraia Muñoa-Hoyos
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain.,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Rodriguez
- Department of Genetics, Physical Anthropology and Animal Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Aintzane Asumendi
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Boyano
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Leioa, Spain
| | - Blagoy Blagoev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Irina Kratchmarova
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nerea Subiran
- Department of Physiology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940, Leioa, Spain. .,Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Bizkaia, Spain.
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Rathore R, Caldwell KE, Schutt C, Brashears CB, Prudner BC, Ehrhardt WR, Leung CH, Lin H, Daw NC, Beird HC, Giles A, Wang WL, Lazar AJ, Chrisinger JSA, Livingston JA, Van Tine BA. Metabolic compensation activates pro-survival mTORC1 signaling upon 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase inhibition in osteosarcoma. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108678. [PMID: 33503424 PMCID: PMC8552368 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most common pediatric and adult primary malignant bone cancer. Curative regimens target the folate pathway, downstream of serine metabolism, with high-dose methotrexate. Here, the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of serine from glucose, 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), is examined, and an inverse correlation between PHGDH expression and relapse-free and overall survival in osteosarcoma patients is found. PHGDH inhibition in osteosarcoma cell lines attenuated cellular proliferation without causing cell death, prompting a robust metabolic analysis to characterize pro-survival compensation. Using metabolomic and lipidomic profiling, cellular response to PHGDH inhibition is identified as accumulation of unsaturated lipids, branched chain amino acids, and methionine cycle intermediates, leading to activation of pro-survival mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. Increased mTORC1 activation sensitizes cells to mTORC1 pathway inhibition, resulting in significant, synergistic cell death in vitro and in vivo. Identifying a therapeutic combination for PHGDH-high cancers offers preclinical justification for a dual metabolism-based combination therapy for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathore
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Katharine E Caldwell
- Department of Surgery, Division of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charles Schutt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Caitlyn B Brashears
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Bethany C Prudner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - William R Ehrhardt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Cheuk Hong Leung
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Heather Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Najat C Daw
- Division of Pediatrics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hannah C Beird
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Abigail Giles
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Wei-Lien Wang
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexander J Lazar
- Department of Genomic Medicine, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - John S A Chrisinger
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - J Andrew Livingston
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Sarcoma Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Brian A Van Tine
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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36
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of innovative thiourea derivatives as PHGDH inhibitors. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01188-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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37
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Rathore R, Schutt CR, Van Tine BA. PHGDH as a mechanism for resistance in metabolically-driven cancers. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2020; 3:762-774. [PMID: 33511334 PMCID: PMC7840151 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
At the forefront of cancer research is the rapidly evolving understanding of metabolic reprogramming within cancer cells. The expeditious adaptation to metabolic inhibition allows cells to evolve and acquire resistance to targeted treatments, which makes therapeutic exploitation complex but achievable. 3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme of de novo serine biosynthesis and is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, including breast cancer, melanoma, and Ewing’s sarcoma. This review will investigate the role of PHGDH in normal biological processes, leading to the role of PHGDH in the progression of cancer. With an understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which PHGDH expression advances cancer growth, we will highlight the known mechanisms of resistance to cancer therapeutics facilitated by PHGDH biology and identify avenues for combatting PHGDH-driven resistance with inhibitors of PHGDH to allow for the development of effective metabolic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Rathore
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Charles R Schutt
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Brian A Van Tine
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Siteman Cancer Center, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
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Zhao X, Fu J, Tang W, Yu L, Xu W. Inhibition of Serine Metabolism Promotes Resistance to Cisplatin in Gastric Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:4833-4842. [PMID: 32581546 PMCID: PMC7269635 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s246430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Serine provides important precursors of protein, lipid, and nucleotide synthesis needed for tumor cell growth. Phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), a key rate-limiting enzyme in the serine de novo synthesis pathway, is highly expressed in many tumor types (including gastric cancer) and negatively correlated with overall survival. Cisplatin is a chemotherapeutic drug commonly used in the treatment of gastric cancer. In this study, we mainly investigated the relationship between serine metabolism and resistance to cisplatin in gastric cancer cells, as well as the regulatory mechanism involved in this process. Materials and Methods We determined the effect of different concentrations of serine or a PHGDH inhibitor combined with cisplatin or oxaliplatin on the viability and apoptosis of SGC7901, BGC823, and MGC803 cells via the Cell Counting Kit-8 and Hoechst 33258 staining, respectively. Western blotting was utilized to detect the relative protein expression. Furthermore, we investigated DNA damage through the micrococcal nuclease sensitivity assay detected using agarose gels. Results We found that reduced concentrations of serine or inhibition of PHGDH hindered the toxicity and pro-apoptotic effects of cisplatin on gastric cancer cells. Moreover, the addition of serine could reverse the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to cisplatin. Moreover, we found that DNA damage was reduced by treatment with PHGDH inhibitor NCT-503 or CBR-5884. Inhibition of serine metabolism induced a decrease in H3K4 tri-methylation, which was reversed by JIB-04 (inhibitor of H3K4 demethylase). The tolerance of gastric cancer cells to cisplatin was relieved by JIB-04. Through micrococcal nuclease experiments, we further found that inhibiting the activity of PHGDH strengthened chromatin tightness. Conclusion Inhibition of serine metabolism reduced H3K4 tri-methylation and increased the density of chromatin, which leads to decreased toxicity and pro-apoptotic effect of platinum chemotherapeutic drugs on gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanfen Tang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- Central Laboratory, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
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Li AM, Ye J. The PHGDH enigma: Do cancer cells only need serine or also a redox modulator? Cancer Lett 2020; 476:97-105. [PMID: 32032680 PMCID: PMC7092752 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Upregulation of serine biosynthesis pathway activity is an increasingly apparent feature of many cancers. Most notably, the first rate-limiting enzyme of the pathway, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), is genomically amplified in some melanomas and breast cancers and can be transcriptionally regulated by various tumor suppressors and oncogenes. Yet emerging evidence suggests that serine-in particular, serine biosynthetic pathway activity-may promote cancer in ways beyond providing the building blocks to support cell proliferation. Here, we summarize how mammalian cells tightly control serine synthesis before discussing alternate ways in which increased serine synthetic flux through PHGDH may benefit cancer cells, such as maintenance of TCA cycle flux through alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG) and modulation of cellular redox balance. We will also provide an overview of the current landscape of therapeutics targeting serine synthesis and offer a perspective on future strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert M Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jiangbin Ye
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Cancer Biology Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA; Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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40
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Zhao X, Fu J, Du J, Xu W. The Role of D-3-Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase in Cancer. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1495-1506. [PMID: 32226297 PMCID: PMC7097917 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.41051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Serine, a non-essential amino acid, can be imported from the extracellular environment by transporters and de novo synthesized from glycolytic 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) in the serine biosynthetic pathway (SSP). It has been reported that active serine synthesis might be needed for the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and the balance of folate metabolism and redox homeostasis, which are necessary for cancer cell proliferation. Human D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH), the first and only rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo serine biosynthetic pathway, catalyzes the oxidation of 3-PG derived from glycolysis to 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate (3-PHP). PHGDH is highly expressed in tumors as a result of amplification, transcription, or its degradation and stability alteration, which dysregulates the serine biosynthesis pathway via metabolic enzyme activity to nourish tumors. And some recent researches reported that PHGDH promoted some tumors growth via non-metabolic way by upregulating target cancer-promoting genes. In this article, we reviewed the type, structure, expression and inhibitors of PHGDH, as well as the role it plays in cancer and tumor resistance to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Zhao
- Central Laboratory, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianfei Fu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jinlin Du
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wenxia Xu
- Central Laboratory, Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321000, Zhejiang Province, China
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41
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Serine Biosynthesis Pathway Supports MYC-miR-494-EZH2 Feed-Forward Circuit Necessary to Maintain Metabolic and Epigenetic Reprogramming of Burkitt Lymphoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030580. [PMID: 32138178 PMCID: PMC7139810 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a rapidly growing tumor, characterized by high anabolic requirements. The MYC oncogene plays a central role in the pathogenesis of this malignancy, controlling genes involved in apoptosis, proliferation, and cellular metabolism. Serine biosynthesis pathway (SBP) couples glycolysis to folate and methionine cycles, supporting biosynthesis of certain amino acids, nucleotides, glutathione, and a methyl group donor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). We report that BLs overexpress SBP enzymes, phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) and phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1). Both genes are controlled by the MYC-dependent ATF4 transcription factor. Genetic ablation of PHGDH/PSAT1 or chemical PHGDH inhibition with NCT-503 decreased BL cell lines proliferation and clonogenicity. NCT-503 reduced glutathione level, increased reactive oxygen species abundance, and induced apoptosis. Consistent with the role of SAM as a methyl donor, NCT-503 decreased DNA and histone methylation, and led to the re-expression of ID4, KLF4, CDKN2B and TXNIP tumor suppressors. High H3K27me3 level is known to repress the MYC negative regulator miR-494. NCT-503 decreased H3K27me3 abundance, increased the miR-494 level, and reduced the expression of MYC and MYC-dependent histone methyltransferase, EZH2. Surprisingly, chemical/genetic disruption of SBP did not delay BL and breast cancer xenografts growth, suggesting the existence of mechanisms compensating the PHGDH/PSAT1 absence in vivo.
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42
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Zhao C, Zhu X, Wang G, Wang W, Ju S, Wang X. Decreased expression of IGFBP6 correlates with poor survival in colorectal cancer patients. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152909. [PMID: 32156471 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The insulin-like growth factor binding protein 6 (IGFBP6), as a specific inhibitor of IGF-Ⅱ, is a candidate human anti-oncogene in multiple tumors. However, the expression of IGFBP6 in colorectal cancer (CRC) and prognostic significance are unclear. METHODS In this study, we examined colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues to determine the expression levels of IGFBP6 mRNA and protein by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and tissue microarray immunohistochemistry analysis respectively. Moreover, we explored the effects of IGFBP6 on cell growth, migration and invasion by Cell Counting Kit-8(CCK8), colony formation and transwell migration assays. We also investigated whether IGFBP6 expression in tumor tissue correlated with various clinical parameters, including overall survival by univariate and multivariate analyses RESULTS: Both IGFBP6 mRNA and protein levels were significantly lower in colorectal cancer tissues than in adjacent normal colon. Downregulating IGFBP6 using RNAi increased CRC cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Low IGFBP6 expression correlated with poor overall survival in both univariate and multivariate analyses. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that IGFBP6 may act as a tumor suppressor gene in the development of CRC, and that low IGFBP6 expression could be used as an independent prognostic biomarker in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmei Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xingjia Zhu
- Medical School of Nantong University, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Xudong Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China; Clinical Tissue Bank, Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu Province, China.
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43
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Fagny M, Platig J, Kuijjer ML, Lin X, Quackenbush J. Nongenic cancer-risk SNPs affect oncogenes, tumour-suppressor genes, and immune function. Br J Cancer 2020; 122:569-577. [PMID: 31806877 PMCID: PMC7028992 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0614-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies (GWASes) have identified many noncoding germline single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. However, how these SNPs affect cancer risk is still largely unknown. METHODS We used a systems biology approach to analyse the regulatory role of cancer-risk SNPs in thirteen tissues. By using data from the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project, we performed an expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis. We represented both significant cis- and trans-eQTLs as edges in tissue-specific eQTL bipartite networks. RESULTS Each tissue-specific eQTL network is organised into communities that group sets of SNPs and functionally related genes. When mapping cancer-risk SNPs to these networks, we find that in each tissue, these SNPs are significantly overrepresented in communities enriched for immune response processes, as well as tissue-specific functions. Moreover, cancer-risk SNPs are more likely to be 'cores' of their communities, influencing the expression of many genes within the same biological processes. Finally, cancer-risk SNPs preferentially target oncogenes and tumour-suppressor genes, suggesting that they may alter the expression of these key cancer genes. CONCLUSIONS This approach provides a new way of understanding genetic effects on cancer risk and provides a biological context for interpreting the results of GWAS cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Fagny
- Genetique Quantitative et Evolution-Le Moulon, Institut National de la Recherche agronomique, Université Paris-Sud, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Paris, France
| | - John Platig
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marieke Lydia Kuijjer
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Centre for Molecular Medicine Norway, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Xihong Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John Quackenbush
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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Weinstabl H, Treu M, Rinnenthal J, Zahn SK, Ettmayer P, Bader G, Dahmann G, Kessler D, Rumpel K, Mischerikow N, Savarese F, Gerstberger T, Mayer M, Zoephel A, Schnitzer R, Sommergruber W, Martinelli P, Arnhof H, Peric-Simov B, Hofbauer KS, Garavel G, Scherbantin Y, Mitzner S, Fett TN, Scholz G, Bruchhaus J, Burkard M, Kousek R, Ciftci T, Sharps B, Schrenk A, Harrer C, Haering D, Wolkerstorfer B, Zhang X, Lv X, Du A, Li D, Li Y, Quant J, Pearson M, McConnell DB. Intracellular Trapping of the Selective Phosphoglycerate Dehydrogenase (PHGDH) Inhibitor BI-4924 Disrupts Serine Biosynthesis. J Med Chem 2019; 62:7976-7997. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Weinstabl
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Treu
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Joerg Rinnenthal
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephan K. Zahn
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Ettmayer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerd Bader
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Georg Dahmann
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Str. 65, 88400 Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Dirk Kessler
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Rumpel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nikolai Mischerikow
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Fabio Savarese
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Gerstberger
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Moriz Mayer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Zoephel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Renate Schnitzer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Sommergruber
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paola Martinelli
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heribert Arnhof
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Biljana Peric-Simov
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin S. Hofbauer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Géraldine Garavel
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yvonne Scherbantin
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sophie Mitzner
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas N. Fett
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido Scholz
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jens Bruchhaus
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michelle Burkard
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Kousek
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tuncay Ciftci
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Birkendorfer Str. 65, 88400 Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Bernadette Sharps
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Schrenk
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Harrer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Haering
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Xuechun Zhang
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., LTD., No. 5 Building, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaobing Lv
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., LTD., No. 5 Building, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Alicia Du
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., LTD., No. 5 Building, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dongyang Li
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., LTD., No. 5 Building, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yali Li
- Shanghai ChemPartner Co., LTD., No. 5 Building, 998 Halei Road, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Pudong New Area, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jens Quant
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mark Pearson
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
| | - Darryl B. McConnell
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Dr.-Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, 1121 Vienna, Austria
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Mattaini KR, Sullivan MR, Lau AN, Fiske BP, Bronson RT, Vander Heiden MG. Increased PHGDH expression promotes aberrant melanin accumulation. BMC Cancer 2019; 19:723. [PMID: 31331318 PMCID: PMC6647269 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5933-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number gain of the D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PHGDH) gene, which encodes the first enzyme in serine biosynthesis, is found in some human cancers including a subset of melanomas. METHODS In order to study the effect of increased PHGDH expression in tissues in vivo, we generated mice harboring a PHGDHtetO allele that allows tissue-specific, doxycycline-inducible PHGDH expression, and we analyzed the phenotype of mice with a ubiquitous increase in PHGDH expression. RESULTS Tissues and cells derived from PHGDHtetO mice exhibit increased serine biosynthesis. Histological examination of skin tissue from PHGDHtetO mice reveals the presence of melanin granules in early anagen hair follicles, despite the fact that melanin synthesis is closely coupled to the hair follicle cycle and does not normally begin until later in the cycle. This phenotype occurs in the absence of any global change in hair follicle cycle timing. The aberrant presence of melanin early in the hair follicle cycle following PHGDH expression is also accompanied by increased melanocyte abundance in early anagen skin. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest increased PHGDH expression impacts normal melanocyte biology, but PHGDH expression alone is not sufficient to cause cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Mattaini
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Mark R Sullivan
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Allison N Lau
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Brian P Fiske
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Roderick T Bronson
- Rodent Histopathology Core, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Cambridge, MA, 02111, USA
| | - Matthew G Vander Heiden
- Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Cambridge, 02139, MA, USA. .,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. .,Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA. .,Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
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Wilson LE, Xu Z, Harlid S, White AJ, Troester MA, Sandler DP, Taylor JA. Alcohol and DNA Methylation: An Epigenome-Wide Association Study in Blood and Normal Breast Tissue. Am J Epidemiol 2019; 188:1055-1065. [PMID: 30938765 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwz032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological mechanisms driving associations between alcohol consumption and chronic diseases might include epigenetic modification of DNA methylation. We explored the hypothesis that alcohol consumption is associated with methylation in an epigenome-wide association study of blood and normal breast tissue DNA. Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., San Diego, California) array data on blood DNA methylation was examined in a discovery set of 2,878 non-Hispanic white women from the Sister Study (United States, 2004-2015) who provided detailed questionnaire information on lifetime alcohol use. Robust linear regression modeling was used to identify significant associations (false discovery rate of Q < 0.05) between the number of alcoholic drinks per week and DNA methylation at 5,458 cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites. Associations were replicated (P < 0.05) for 677 CpGs in an independent set of 187 blood DNA samples from the Sister Study and for 628 CpGs in an independent set of 171 normal breast DNA samples; 1,207 CpGs were replicated in either blood or normal breast, with 98 CpGs replicated in both tissues. Individual gene effects were notable for phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGHDH), peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIF), solute carrier 15 (SLC15), solute carrier family 43 member 1 (SLC43A1), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11). We also found that high alcohol consumption was associated with significantly lower global methylation as measured by the average of CpGs on the entire array.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Wilson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Zongli Xu
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Sophia Harlid
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Melissa A Troester
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Jack A Taylor
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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47
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Katzenmaier EM, Fuchs V, Warnken U, Schnölzer M, Gebert J, Kopitz J. Deciphering the galectin-12 protein interactome reveals a major impact of galectin-12 on glutamine anaplerosis in colon cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2019; 379:129-139. [PMID: 30935948 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Galectins are β-galactoside binding proteins which possess a variety of functions including modulation of apoptosis, growth and differentiation. Hence, alterations in the expression profile have been associated with loss of cellular homeostasis contributing to tumor growth and progression. Though galectin-12 is significantly downregulated in several tumor entities, including colon cancer, its impact on cellular homeostasis as well as galectin-12 specific binding partners have not been identified so far. We therefore established an experimental strategy which is based on reversible cross-link immunoprecipitation to capture the galectin-12 protein interactome in colon cancer cells. By applying this approach, we identified 10 novel candidates of galectin-12 interacting proteins including the neutral amino acid exchanger SLC1A5. Remarkably, we uncovered that binding of galectin-12 to SLC1A5 significantly reduced glutamine uptake in our model cell line. Consequently, utilization of glutamine carbon for biomass synthesis was profoundly affected, suggesting galectin-12 as a novel inhibitor of glutamine anaplerosis in colon cancer cells. More detailed analysis revealed that colon cancer cells can counteract galectin-12 mediated glutamine deprivation by induction of compensatory mechanisms which facilitate adaption to low-glutamine conditions and thus survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Katzenmaier
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vera Fuchs
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Warnken
- Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martina Schnölzer
- Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Gebert
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Kopitz
- Department of Applied Tumor Biology, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Applied Tumor Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
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48
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Duarte‐Andrade FF, Silva AMB, Vitório JG, Canuto GAB, Costa SFS, Diniz MG, Fernandes AP, Toledo JS, André LC, Gomes CC, Gomez RS, Fonseca FP. The importance of
BRAF‐V600E
mutation to ameloblastoma metabolism. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:307-314. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Fideles Duarte‐Andrade
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - André Myller Barbosa Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Jéssica Gardone Vitório
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | | | - Sara Ferreira Santos Costa
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Marina Gonçalves Diniz
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Fernandes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysisFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Juliano Simões Toledo
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysisFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Leiliane Coelho André
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological AnalysisFaculty of PharmacyUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Carolina Cavaliéri Gomes
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Ricardo Santiago Gomez
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - Felipe Paiva Fonseca
- Department of Oral Surgery and PathologySchool of DentistryUniversidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) Belo Horizonte Brazil
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49
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Abstract
Purpose of Review Metabolic reprogramming is essential for the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and is thus recognized as a hallmark of cancer. In this review, we will discuss the etiologies and effects of metabolic reprogramming in colorectal cancer. Recent Findings Changes in cellular metabolism may precede the acquisition of driver mutations ultimately leading to colonocyte transformation. Oncogenic mutations and loss of tumor suppressor genes further reprogram CRC cells to upregulate glycolysis, glutaminolysis, one-carbon metabolism, and fatty acid synthesis. These metabolic changes are not uniform throughout tumors, as subpopulations of tumor cells may rely on different pathways to adapt to nutrient availability in the local tumor microenvironment. Finally, metabolic cross-communication between stromal cells, immune cells, and the gut microbiota enable CRC growth, invasion, and metastasis. Summary Altered cellular metabolism occurs in CRC at multiple levels, including in the cells that make up the bulk of CRC tumors, cancer stem cells, the tumor microenvironment, and host-microbiome interactions. This knowledge may inform the development of improved screening and therapeutics for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel E Brown
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sarah P Short
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, B2215 Garland Ave., 1065D MRB-IV, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA
| | - Christopher S Williams
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, B2215 Garland Ave., 1065D MRB-IV, Nashville, TN 37232-0252, USA.,Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Veterans Affairs Tennessee Valley HealthCare System, Nashville, TN, USA
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50
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Ercan A, Çelebier M, Varan G, Öncül S, Nenni M, Kaplan O, Bilensoy E. Global omics strategies to investigate the effect of cyclodextrin nanoparticles on MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Eur J Pharm Sci 2018; 123:377-386. [PMID: 30076952 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2018.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CD) are natural macrocyclic oligosaccharides linked by α(1,4) glycosidic bonds. Hydrophobic cavity of CDs are able to incorporate small molecules, ions, macromolecules which makes them excellent delegates for forming nanoparticulate carriers upon chemical modification to render amphiphilicity to CDs. In this study, blank 6OCaproβCD nanoparticle was prepared and administered to MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The effects of these nanoparticles on the cells were investigated in depth through biochemical and proteomic tests following 48 h of incubation. Proteomics studies revealed that apoptosis-related protein levels of hnRNP and CBX1 were increased while HDGF was not affected supporting the idea that 6OCaproβCD nanoparticles prevent cell proliferation. Gene expression studies were generally in correlation with protein levels since gene expression was significantly stimulated while protein levels were lower compared to the control group suggesting that a post-transcriptional modification must have occurred. Furthermore, 6OCaproβCD was observed to not trigger multidrug resistance as proved with RT-PCR that effectuates another exquisite characteristic of 6OCaproβCD nanoparticle as carrier of chemotherapeutic drugs. Metabolomic pathways of CD effect on MCF7 cells were elucidated with HMDB as serine biosynthesis, transmembrane transport of small molecules, metabolism of steroid hormones, estrogen biosynthesis and phospholipid biosynthesis. In conclusion, 6OCaproβCD is a promising nanoparticulate carrier for chemotherapeutic drugs with intrinsic apoptotic effect to be employed in treatment of breast cancer and further studies should be conducted in order to comprehend the exact mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayşe Ercan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Çelebier
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gamze Varan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Öncül
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Merve Nenni
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozan Kaplan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Erem Bilensoy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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