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Singh D, Memari E, He S, Yusefi H, Helfield B. Cardiac gene delivery using ultrasound: State of the field. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2024; 32:101277. [PMID: 38983873 PMCID: PMC11231612 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2024.101277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, there has been tremendous and exciting progress toward extending the use of medical ultrasound beyond a traditional imaging tool. Ultrasound contrast agents, typically used for improved visualization of blood flow, have been explored as novel non-viral gene delivery vectors for cardiovascular therapy. Given this adaptation to ultrasound contrast-enhancing agents, this presents as an image-guided and site-specific gene delivery technique with potential for multi-gene and repeatable delivery protocols-overcoming some of the limitations of alternative gene therapy approaches. In this review, we provide an overview of the studies to date that employ this technique toward cardiac gene therapy using cardiovascular disease animal models and summarize their key findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davindra Singh
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elahe Memari
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stephanie He
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hossein Yusefi
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Brandon Helfield
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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2
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Yang S, Zemzemi C, Escudero DS, Vela DC, Haworth KJ, Holland CK. Histotripsy and Catheter-Directed Lytic: Efficacy in Highly Retracted Porcine Clots In Vitro. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024; 50:1167-1177. [PMID: 38777639 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Standard treatment for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) involves catheter-directed anticoagulants or thrombolytics, but the chronic thrombi present in many DVT cases are often resistant to this therapy. Histotripsy has been found to be a promising adjuvant treatment, using the mechanical action of cavitating bubble clouds to enhance thrombolytic activity. The objective of this study was to determine if histotripsy enhanced recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) thrombolysis in highly retracted porcine clots in vitro in a flow model of occlusive DVT. METHODS Highly retracted porcine whole blood clots were treated for 1 h with either catheter-directed saline (negative control), rt-PA (lytic control), histotripsy, DEFINITY and histotripsy or the combination of rt-PA and histotripsy with or without DEFINITY. Five-cycle, 1.5 MHz histotripsy pulses with a peak negative pressure of 33.2 MPa and pulse repetition frequency of 40 Hz were applied along the clot. B-Mode and passive cavitation images were acquired during histotripsy insonation to monitor bubble activity. RESULTS Clots subjected to histotripsy with and without rt-PA exhibited greater thrombolytic efficacy than controls (7.0% flow recovery or lower), and histotripsy with rt-PA was more efficacious than histotripsy with saline (86.1 ± 10.2% compared with 61.7 ± 19.8% flow recovery). The addition of DEFINITY to histotripsy with or without rt-PA did not enhance either thrombolytic efficacy or cavitation dose. Cavitation dose generally did not correlate with thrombolytic efficacy. CONCLUSION Enhancement of thrombolytic efficacy was achieved using histotripsy, with and without catheter-directed rt-PA, in the presence of physiologic flow. This suggests these treatments may be effective as therapy for DVT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumeng Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Chadi Zemzemi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Deborah C Vela
- Cardiovascular Pathology, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin J Haworth
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Christy K Holland
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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3
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Snipstad S, Sulheim E, Åslund AKO, Hyldbakk A, Wågbø AM, Klinkenberg G, Mørch Y. Nanoparticle-loaded microbubbles for treatment of lung cancer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 199:106804. [PMID: 38763448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2024.106804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers and a leading cause of death, with poor prognosis and high unmet clinical need. Chemotherapy is a common part of the treatment, either alone or in combination with other treatment modalities, but with limited efficacy and severe side effects. Encapsulation of drugs into nanoparticles can enable a more targeted delivery with reduced off-target toxicity. Delivery to the lungs is however often insufficient due to various biological barriers in the body and in the tumor microenvironment. Here we demonstrate that by incorporating drug-loaded nanoparticles into air-filled microbubbles, a more effective targeting to the lungs can be achieved. Fluorescence imaging and mass spectrometry revealed that the microbubbles could significantly improve accumulation of drug in the lungs of mice, compared to injecting either the free drug by itself or only the drug-loaded nanoparticles. Therapeutic efficacy was verified in a preclinical mouse model with non-small cell lung cancer, monitoring tumor growth by luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Snipstad
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway; Cancer Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Einar Sulheim
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway; Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Andreas K O Åslund
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Hyldbakk
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway; Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Ane Marit Wågbø
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir Klinkenberg
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Yrr Mørch
- Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, Trondheim, Norway; NaDeNo Nanoscience AS, Trondheim, Norway
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4
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Huang H, Zheng Y, Chang M, Song J, Xia L, Wu C, Jia W, Ren H, Feng W, Chen Y. Ultrasound-Based Micro-/Nanosystems for Biomedical Applications. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8307-8472. [PMID: 38924776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Due to the intrinsic non-invasive nature, cost-effectiveness, high safety, and real-time capabilities, besides diagnostic imaging, ultrasound as a typical mechanical wave has been extensively developed as a physical tool for versatile biomedical applications. Especially, the prosperity of nanotechnology and nanomedicine invigorates the landscape of ultrasound-based medicine. The unprecedented surge in research enthusiasm and dedicated efforts have led to a mass of multifunctional micro-/nanosystems being applied in ultrasound biomedicine, facilitating precise diagnosis, effective treatment, and personalized theranostics. The effective deployment of versatile ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems in biomedical applications is rooted in a profound understanding of the relationship among composition, structure, property, bioactivity, application, and performance. In this comprehensive review, we elaborate on the general principles regarding the design, synthesis, functionalization, and optimization of ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for abundant biomedical applications. In particular, recent advancements in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for diagnostic imaging are meticulously summarized. Furthermore, we systematically elucidate state-of-the-art studies concerning recent progress in ultrasound-based micro-/nanosystems for therapeutic applications targeting various pathological abnormalities including cancer, bacterial infection, brain diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic diseases. Finally, we conclude and provide an outlook on this research field with an in-depth discussion of the challenges faced and future developments for further extensive clinical translation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, P. R. China
| | - Meiqi Chang
- Laboratory Center, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, P. R. China
| | - Jun Song
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lili Xia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Chenyao Wu
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wencong Jia
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Hongze Ren
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
- Materdicine Lab, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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Johanssen VA, Ruan JL, Vince O, Thomas A, Peeters S, Soto MS, Buck J, Gray M, Stride E, Sibson NR. Targeted opening of the blood-brain barrier using VCAM-1 functionalised microbubbles and "whole brain" ultrasound. Theranostics 2024; 14:4076-4089. [PMID: 38994029 PMCID: PMC11234285 DOI: 10.7150/thno.93172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastatic tumours in the brain now represent one of the leading causes of death from cancer. Current treatments are largely ineffective owing to the combination of late diagnosis and poor delivery of therapies across the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Conjugating magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents with a monoclonal antibody for VCAM-1 (anti-VCAM1) has been shown to enable detection of micrometastases, two to three orders of magnitude smaller in volume than those currently detectable clinically. The aim of this study was to exploit this targeting approach to enable localised and temporary BBB opening at the site of early-stage metastases using functionalised microbubbles and ultrasound. Methods: Microbubbles functionalised with anti-VCAM1 were synthesised and shown to bind to VCAM-1-expressing cells in vitro. Experiments were then conducted in vivo in a unilateral breast cancer brain metastasis mouse model using Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) enhanced MRI to detect BBB opening. Following injection of Gd-DTPA and targeted microbubbles, the whole brain volume was simultaneously exposed to ultrasound (0.5 MHz, 10% duty cycle, 0.7 MPa peak negative pressure, 2 min treatment time). T1-weighted MRI was then performed to identify BBB opening, followed by histological confirmation via immunoglobulin G (IgG) immunohistochemistry. Results: In mice treated with targeted microbubbles and ultrasound, statistically significantly greater extravasation of Gd-DTPA and IgG was observed in the left tumour-bearing hemisphere compared to the right hemisphere 5 min after treatment. No acute adverse effects were observed. There was no investigation of longer term bioeffects owing to the nature of the study. Conclusion: The results demonstrate the feasibility of using targeted microbubbles in combination with low intensity ultrasound to localise opening of the BBB to metastatic sites in the brain. This approach has potential application in the treatment of metastatic tumours whose location cannot be established a priori with conventional imaging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jia-Ling Ruan
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver Vince
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Alec Thomas
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah Peeters
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Jessica Buck
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Gray
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Research, University of Oxford, UK
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Kumbhar P, Kolekar K, Vishwas S, Shetti P, Kumbar V, Andreoli Pinto TDJ, Paiva-Santos AC, Veiga F, Gupta G, Singh SK, Dua K, Disouza J, Patravale V. Treatment avenues for age-related macular degeneration: Breakthroughs and bottlenecks. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102322. [PMID: 38723753 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a significant factor contributing to serious vision loss in adults above 50. The presence of posterior segment barriers serves as chief roadblocks in the delivery of drugs to treat AMD. The conventional treatment strategies use is limited due to its off-targeted distribution in the eye, shorter drug residence, poor penetration and bioavailability, fatal side effects, etc. The above-mentioned downside necessitates drug delivery using some cutting-edge technology including diverse nanoparticulate systems and microneedles (MNs) which provide the best therapeutic delivery alternative to treat AMD efficiently. Furthermore, cutting-edge treatment modalities including gene therapy and stem cell therapy can control AMD effectively by reducing the boundaries of conventional therapies with a single dose. This review discusses AMD overview, conventional therapies for AMD and their restrictions, repurposed therapeutics and their anti-AMD activity through different mechanisms, and diverse barriers in drug delivery for AMD. Various nanoparticulate-based approaches including polymeric NPs, lipidic NPs, exosomes, active targeted NPs, stimuli-sensitive NPs, cell membrane-coated NPs, inorganic NPs, and MNs are explained. Gene therapy, stem cell therapy, and therapies in clinical trials to treat AMD are also discussed. Further, bottlenecks of cutting-edge (nanoparticulate) technology-based drug delivery are briefed. In a nutshell, cutting-edge technology-based therapies can be an effective way to treat AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Popat Kumbhar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416 113, India
| | - Kaustubh Kolekar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416 113, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144 411, India
| | - Priya Shetti
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Belagavi, India
| | - Vijay Kumbar
- Dr. Prabhakar Kore Basic Science Research Centre, KLE Academy of Higher Education & Research, Belagavi, India.
| | - Terezinha de Jesus Andreoli Pinto
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Professor Lineu Prestes Street, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Guarav Gupta
- Center for Global Health research (CGHR), Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144 411, India; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - John Disouza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Kolhapur, Maharashtra 416 113, India.
| | - Vandana Patravale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Matunga, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400019, India.
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7
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Rix A, Heinrichs H, Porte C, Leenaars C, Bleich A, Kiessling F. Ultrasound-induced immune responses in tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Control Release 2024; 371:146-157. [PMID: 38777126 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound is widely used in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer. Tumors can be treated by thermal or mechanical tissue ablation. Furthermore, tumors can be manipulated by hyperthermia, sonodynamic therapy and sonoporation, e.g., by increasing tumor perfusion or the permeability of biological barriers to enhance drug delivery. These treatments induce various immune responses in tumors. However, conflicting data and high heterogeneity between experimental settings make it difficult to generalize the effects of ultrasound on tumor immunity. Therefore, we performed a systematic review to answer the question: "Does ultrasound alter the immune reaction of peripheral solid tumors in humans and animals compared to control conditions without ultrasound?" A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science and 24,401 potentially relevant publications were identified. Of these, 96 publications were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review. Experiments were performed in humans, rats, and mice and focused on different tumor types, primarily breast and melanoma. We collected data on thermal and non-thermal ultrasound settings, the use of sono-sensitizers or sono-enhancers, and anti-tumor therapies. Six meta-analyses were performed to quantify the effect of ultrasound on tumor infiltration by T cells (cytotoxic, helper, and regulatory T cells) and on blood cytokines (interleukin-6, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α). We provide robust scientific evidence that ultrasound alters T cell infiltration into tumors and increases blood cytokine concentrations. Furthermore, we identified significant differences in immune cell infiltration based on tumor type, ultrasound settings, and mouse age. Stronger effects were observed using hyperthermia in combination with sono-sensitizers and in young mice. The latter may impair the translational impact of study results as most cancer patients are older. Thus, our results may help refining ultrasound parameters to enhance anti-tumor immune responses for therapeutic use and to minimize immune effects in diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Rix
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Helen Heinrichs
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Céline Porte
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Cathalijn Leenaars
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - André Bleich
- Institute for Laboratory Animal Science, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Fabian Kiessling
- Institute for Experimental Molecular Imaging, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Medicine MEVIS, Bremen, Germany.
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8
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Zhou Y, Xu M, Shen W, Xu Y, Shao A, Xu P, Yao K, Han H, Ye J. Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for Ocular Fundus Neovascularization Disease Management. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304626. [PMID: 38406994 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
As an indispensable part of the human sensory system, visual acuity may be impaired and even develop into irreversible blindness due to various ocular pathologies. Among ocular diseases, fundus neovascularization diseases (FNDs) are prominent etiologies of visual impairment worldwide. Intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs remains the primary therapy but is hurdled by common complications and incomplete potency. To renovate the current therapeutic modalities, nanomedicine emerged as the times required, which is endowed with advanced capabilities, able to fulfill the effective ocular fundus drug delivery and achieve precise drug release control, thus further improving the therapeutic effect. This review provides a comprehensive summary of advances in nanomedicine for FND management from state-of-the-art studies. First, the current therapeutic modalities for FNDs are thoroughly introduced, focusing on the key challenges of ocular fundus drug delivery. Second, nanocarriers are comprehensively reviewed for ocular posterior drug delivery based on the nanostructures: polymer-based nanocarriers, lipid-based nanocarriers, and inorganic nanoparticles. Thirdly, the characteristics of the fundus microenvironment, their pathological changes during FNDs, and corresponding strategies for constructing smart nanocarriers are elaborated. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of nanomedicine for FND management are thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Mingyu Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Wenyue Shen
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - An Shao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Peifang Xu
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Ke Yao
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Haijie Han
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Juan Ye
- Eye Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Institute on Eye Diseases, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, P. R. China
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9
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Ling B, Gungoren B, Yao Y, Dutka P, Vassallo R, Nayak R, Smith CAB, Lee J, Swift MB, Shapiro MG. Truly Tiny Acoustic Biomolecules for Ultrasound Imaging and Therapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307106. [PMID: 38409678 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanotechnology offers significant advantages for medical imaging and therapy, including enhanced contrast and precision targeting. However, integrating these benefits into ultrasonography is challenging due to the size and stability constraints of conventional bubble-based agents. Here bicones, truly tiny acoustic contrast agents based on gas vesicles (GVs), a unique class of air-filled protein nanostructures naturally produced in buoyant microbes, are described. It is shown that these sub-80 nm particles can be effectively detected both in vitro and in vivo, infiltrate tumors via leaky vasculature, deliver potent mechanical effects through ultrasound-induced inertial cavitation, and are easily engineered for molecular targeting, prolonged circulation time, and payload conjugation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bill Ling
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Bilge Gungoren
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Yuxing Yao
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Przemysław Dutka
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Reid Vassallo
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1K2, Canada
| | - Rohit Nayak
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Cameron A B Smith
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Justin Lee
- Division of Biology and Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Margaret B Swift
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
| | - Mikhail G Shapiro
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA
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10
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Wang K, Zhang M, Geng Z, Zhang S, Deng Z, Tan J, Zhang Q, Jiao Z, Gu N. One-Step Preparation of Magnetic Lipid Bubbles: Magnetothermal Effect Induces the Simultaneous Formation of Gas Nuclei and Self-Assembly of Phospholipids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:30755-30765. [PMID: 38847111 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c03788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, enveloped micro-nanobubbles have garnered significant attention in research due to their commendable stability, biocompatibility, and other notable properties. Currently, the preparation methods of enveloped micro-nanobubbles have limitations such as complicated preparation process, large bubble size, wide distribution range, low yield, etc. There exists an urgent demand to devise a simple and efficient method for the preparation of enveloped micro-nanobubbles, ensuring both high concentration and a uniform particle size distribution. Magnetic lipid bubbles (MLBs) are a multifunctional type of enveloped micro-nanobubble combining magnetic nanoparticles with lipid-coated bubbles. In this study, MLBs are prepared simply and efficiently by a magneto internal heat bubble generation process based on the interfacial self-assembly of iron oxide nanoparticles induced by the thermogenic effect in an alternating magnetic field. The mean hydrodynamic diameter of the MLBs obtained was 384.9 ± 8.5 nm, with a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.248 ± 0.021, a zeta potential of -30.5 ± 1.0 mV, and a concentration of (7.92 ± 0.46) × 109 bubbles/mL. Electron microscopy results show that the MLBs have a regular spherical stable core-shell structure. The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) and phospholipid layers adsorbed around the spherical gas nuclei of the MLBs, leading the particles to demonstrate commendable superparamagnetic and magnetic properties. In addition, the effects of process parameters on the morphology of MLBs, including phospholipid concentration, phospholipid proportiona, current intensity, magnetothermal time, and SPION concentration, were investigated and discussed to achieve controlled preparation of MLBs. In vitro imaging results reveal that the higher the concentration of MLBs loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles, the better the in vitro ultrasound (US) imaging and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results. This study proves that the magneto internal heat bubble generation process is a simple and efficient technique for preparing MLBs with high concentration, regular structure, and commendable properties. These findings lay a robust foundation for the mass production and application of enveloped micro-nanobubbles, particularly in biomedical fields and other related domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Mengnan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Zejin Geng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Zhuang Deng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
| | - Jin Tan
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, PR China
| | - Zhen Jiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Joint Research Institute of Southeast University and Monash University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, PR China
| | - Ning Gu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211189, PR China
- Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, PR China
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11
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Marathe D, Bhuvanashree VS, Mehta CH, T. A, Nayak UY. Low-Frequency Sonophoresis: A Promising Strategy for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2024; 2024:1247450. [PMID: 38938593 PMCID: PMC11208788 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1247450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Sonophoresis is the most approachable mode of transdermal drug delivery system, wherein low-frequency sonophoresis penetrates the drug molecules into the skin. It is an alternative method for an oral system of drug delivery and hypodermal injections. The cavitation effect is thought to be the main mechanism used in sonophoresis. The cavitation process involves forming a gaseous bubble and its rupture, induced in the coupled medium. Other mechanisms used are thermal effects, convectional effects, and mechanical effects. It mainly applies to transporting hydrophilic drugs, macromolecules, gene delivery, and vaccine delivery. It is also used in carrier-mediated delivery in the form of micelles, liposomes, and dendrimers. Some synergistic effects of sonophoresis, along with some permeation enhancers, such as chemical enhancers, iontophoresis, electroporation, and microneedles, increased the effectiveness of drug penetration. Sonophoresis-mediated ocular drug delivery, nail drug delivery, gene delivery to the brain, sports medicine, and sonothrombolysis are also widely used. In conclusion, while sonophoresis offers promising applications in diverse fields, further research is essential to comprehensively elucidate the biophysical mechanisms governing ultrasound-tissue interactions. Addressing these gaps in understanding will enable the refinement and optimization of sonophoresis-based therapeutic strategies for enhanced clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Marathe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Vasudeva Sampriya Bhuvanashree
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Chetan Hasmukh Mehta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Ashwini T.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Usha Yogendra Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
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12
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Zhu X, Shi Z, Mao Y, Lächelt U, Huang R. Cell Membrane Perforation: Patterns, Mechanisms and Functions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310605. [PMID: 38344881 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Cell membrane is crucial for the cellular activities, and any disruption to it may affect the cells. It is demonstrated that cell membrane perforation is associated with some biological processes like programmed cell death (PCD) and infection of pathogens. Specific developments make it a promising technique to perforate the cell membrane controllably and precisely. The pores on the cell membrane provide direct pathways for the entry and exit of substances, and can also cause cell death, which means reasonable utilization of cell membrane perforation is able to assist intracellular delivery, eliminate diseased or cancerous cells, and bring about other benefits. This review classifies the patterns of cell membrane perforation based on the mechanisms into 1) physical patterns, 2) biological patterns, and 3) chemical patterns, introduces the characterization methods and then summarizes the functions according to the characteristics of reversible and irreversible pores, with the aim of providing a comprehensive summary of the knowledge related to cell membrane perforation and enlightening broad applications in biomedical science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Zhifeng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ying Mao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Ulrich Lächelt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Rongqin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), Huashan Hospital, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China
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Wang X, Wang F, Dong P, Zhou L. The therapeutic effect of ultrasound targeted destruction of schisandrin A contrast microbubbles on liver cancer and its mechanism. Radiol Oncol 2024; 58:221-233. [PMID: 38452391 PMCID: PMC11165982 DOI: 10.2478/raon-2024-0019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to explore the therapeutic effect of ultrasound targeted destruction of schisandrin A contrast microbubbles on liver cancer and its related mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Span-PEG microbubbles loaded with schisandrin A were prepared using Span60, NaCl, PEG-1500, and schisandrin A. The loading rate of schisandrin A in Span-PEG composite microbubbles was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry method. The Walker-256 cell survival rate of schisandrin A was determined by 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiahiazo (-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazoliumromide (MTT) assay. The content of schisandrin A in the cells was determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Ultrasound imaging was used to evaluate the therapeutic effect in situ. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to measure the content of inflammatory factors in serum. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of experimental animals in each group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothlial growth factor (VEGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) in tumor tissues, and western blot was used to detect the protein expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in tumor tissues. RESULTS The composite microbubbles were uniform in size, and the particle size distribution was unimodal and stable, which met the requirements of ultrasound contrast agents. The loading rate of schisandrin A in Span-PEG microbubbles was 8.84 ± 0.14%, the encapsulation efficiency was 82.24±1.21%. The IC50 value of schisandrin A was 2.87 μg/mL. The drug + microbubbles + ultrasound (D+M+U) group had the most obvious inhibitory effect on Walker-256 cancer cells, the highest intracellular drug concentration, the largest reduction in tumor volume, the most obvious reduction in serum inflammatory factors, and the most obvious improvement in pathological results. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that HIF-1α, VEGF and VEGFR-2 protein decreased most significantly in D+M+U group (P < 0.01). WB results showed that D+M+U group inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway most significantly (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Schisandrin A had an anti-tumor effect, and its mechanism might be related to the inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The schisandrin A microbubbles could promote the intake of schisandrin A in tumor cells after being destroyed at the site of tumor under ultrasound irradiation, thus playing the best anti-tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, China
| | - Pengfei Dong
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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14
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Prasher P, Sharma M, Agarwal V, Singh SK, Gupta G, Dureja H, Dua K. Cationic cycloamylose based nucleic acid nanocarriers. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 395:111000. [PMID: 38614318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Nucleic acid delivery by viral and non-viral methods has been a cornerstone for the contemporary gene therapy aimed at correcting the defective genes, replacing of the missing genes, or downregulating the expression of anomalous genes is highly desirable for the management of various diseases. Ostensibly, it becomes paramount for the delivery vectors to intersect the biological barriers for accessing their destined site within the cellular environment. However, the lipophilic nature of biological membranes and their potential to limit the entry of large sized, charged, hydrophilic molecules thus presenting a sizeable challenge for the cellular integration of negatively charged nucleic acids. Furthermore, the susceptibility of nucleic acids towards the degrading enzymes (nucleases) in the lysosomes present in cytoplasm is another matter of concern for their cellular and nuclear delivery. Hence, there is a pressing need for the identification and development of cationic delivery systems which encapsulate the cargo nucleic acids where the charge facilitates their cellular entry by evading the membrane barriers, and the encapsulation shields them from the enzymatic attack in cytoplasm. Cycloamylose bearing a closed loop conformation presents a robust candidature in this regard owing to its remarkable encapsulating tendency towards nucleic acids including siRNA, CpG DNA, and siRNA. The presence of numerous hydroxyl groups on the cycloamylose periphery provides sites for its chemical modification for the introduction of cationic groups, including spermine, (3-Chloro-2 hydroxypropyl) trimethylammonium chloride (Q188), and diethyl aminoethane (DEAE). The resulting cationic cycloamylose possesses a remarkable transfection efficiency and provides stability to cargo oligonucleotides against endonucleases, in addition to modulating the undesirable side effects such as unwanted immune stimulation. Cycloamylose is known to interact with the cell membranes where they release certain membrane components such as phospholipids and cholesterol thereby resulting in membrane destabilization and permeabilization. Furthermore, cycloamylose derivatives also serve as formulation excipients for improving the efficiency of other gene delivery systems. This review delves into the various vector and non-vector-based gene delivery systems, their advantages, and limitations, eventually leading to the identification of cycloamylose as an ideal candidate for nucleic acid delivery. The synthesis of cationic cycloamylose is briefly discussed in each section followed by its application for specific delivery/transfection of a particular nucleic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun, 248007, India.
| | - Mousmee Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Vipul Agarwal
- Cluster for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD), School of Chemical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Center in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, 47500 Sunway City, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun, 248007, India; Centre of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman 346, United Arab Emirates
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Center in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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15
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Jaroszewski B, Jelonek K, Kasperczyk J. Drug Delivery Systems of Betulin and Its Derivatives: An Overview. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1168. [PMID: 38927375 PMCID: PMC11200571 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural origin products are regarded as promising for the development of new therapeutic therapies with improved effectiveness, biocompatibility, reduced side effects, and low cost of production. Betulin (BE) is very promising due to its wide range of pharmacological activities, including its anticancer, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. However, despite advancements in the use of triterpenes for clinical purposes, there are still some obstacles that hinder their full potential, such as their hydrophobicity, low solubility, and poor bioavailability. To address these concerns, new BE derivatives have been synthesized. Moreover, drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising solution to overcome the barriers faced in the clinical application of natural products. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the recent achievements in the field of delivery systems of BE and its derivatives. This review also presents the BE derivatives mostly considered for medical applications. The electronic databases of scientific publications were searched for the most interesting achievements in the last ten years. Thus far, it is mostly nanoparticles (NPs) that have been considered for the delivery of betulin and its derivatives, including organic NPs (e.g., micelles, conjugates, liposomes, cyclodextrins, protein NPs), inorganic NPs (carbon nanotubes, gold NPs, silver), and complex/hybrid and miscellaneous nanoparticulate systems. However, there are also examples of microparticles, gel-based systems, suspensions, emulsions, and scaffolds, which seem promising for the delivery of BE and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Jaroszewski
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jedności 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Jelonek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Curie-Skłodowska 34 St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Janusz Kasperczyk
- Department of Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, Jedności 8, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, Curie-Skłodowska 34 St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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Bae S, Liu K, Pouliopoulos AN, Ji R, Jiménez-Gambín S, Yousefian O, Kline-Schoder AR, Batts AJ, Tsitsos FN, Kokossis D, Mintz A, Honig LS, Konofagou EE. Transcranial Blood-Brain Barrier Opening in Alzheimer's Disease Patients Using a Portable Focused Ultrasound System with Real-Time 2-D Cavitation Mapping. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2023.12.21.23300222. [PMID: 38196636 PMCID: PMC10775403 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.23300222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Background Focused ultrasound (FUS) in combination with microbubbles has recently shown great promise in facilitating blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening for drug delivery and immunotherapy in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is currently limited to systems integrated within the MRI suites or requiring post-surgical implants, thus restricting its widespread clinical adoption. In this pilot study, we investigate the clinical safety and feasibility of a portable, non-invasive neuronavigation-guided FUS (NgFUS) system with integrated real-time 2-D microbubble cavitation mapping. Methods A phase 1 clinical study with mild to moderate AD patients (N=6) underwent a single session of microbubble-mediated NgFUS to induce transient BBB opening (BBBO). Microbubble activity under FUS was monitored with real-time 2-D cavitation maps and dosing to ensure the efficacy and safety of the NgFUS treatment. Post-operative MRI was used for BBB opening and closure confirmation as well as safety assessment. Changes in AD biomarker levels in both blood serum and extracellular vesicles (EVs) were evaluated, while changes in amyloid-beta (Aβ) load in the brain were assessed through 18F-Florbetapir PET. Results BBBO was achieved in 5 out of 6 subjects with an average volume of 983±626 mm3 following FUS at the right frontal lobe both in white and gray matter regions. The outpatient treatment was completed within 34.8±10.7 min. Cavitation dose significantly correlated with the BBBO volume (R2>0.9, N=4), demonstrating the portable NgFUS system's capability of predicting opening volumes. The cavitation maps co-localized closely with the BBBO location, representing the first report of real-time transcranial 2-D cavitation mapping in the human brain. Larger opening volumes correlated with increased levels of AD biomarkers, including Aβ42 (R2=0.74), Tau (R2=0.95), and P-Tau181 (R2=0.86), assayed in serum-derived EVs sampled 3 days after FUS (N=5). From PET scans, subjects showed a lower Aβ load increase in the treated frontal lobe region compared to the contralateral region. Reduction in asymmetry standardized uptake value ratios (SUVR) correlated with the cavitation dose (R2>0.9, N=3). Clinical changes in the mini-mental state examination over 6 months were within the expected range of cognitive decline with no additional changes observed as a result of FUS. Conclusion We showed the safety and feasibility of this cost-effective and time-efficient portable NgFUS treatment for BBBO in AD patients with the first demonstration of real-time 2-D cavitation mapping. The cavitation dose correlated with BBBO volume, a slowed increase in pathology, and serum detection of AD proteins. Our study highlights the potential for accessible FUS treatment in AD, with or without drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sua Bae
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Keyu Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Robin Ji
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Omid Yousefian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | | | - Alec J. Batts
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Fotios N. Tsitsos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Danae Kokossis
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Akiva Mintz
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lawrence S. Honig
- Department of Neurology and Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center 10032, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elisa E. Konofagou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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17
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Dong F, An J, Guo W, Dang J, Huang S, Feng F, Zhang J, Wang D, Yin J, Fang J, Cheng H, Zhang J. Programmable ultrasound imaging guided theranostic nanodroplet destruction for precision therapy of breast cancer. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 105:106854. [PMID: 38537562 PMCID: PMC11059134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound-stimulated contrast agents have gained significant attention in the field of tumor treatment as drug delivery systems. However, their limited drug-loading efficiency and the issue of bulky, imprecise release have resulted in inadequate drug concentrations at targeted tissues. Herein, we developed a highly efficient approach for doxorubicin (DOX) precise release at tumor site and real-time feedback via an integrated strategy of "programmable ultrasonic imaging guided accurate nanodroplet destruction for drug release" (PND). We synthesized DOX-loaded nanodroplets (DOX-NDs) with improved loading efficiency (15 %) and smaller size (mean particle size: 358 nm). These DOX-NDs exhibited lower ultrasound activation thresholds (2.46 MPa). By utilizing a single diagnostic transducer for both ultrasound stimulation and imaging guidance, we successfully vaporized the DOX-NDs and released the drug at the tumor site in 4 T1 tumor-bearing mice. Remarkably, the PND group achieved similar tumor remission effects with less than half the dose of DOX required in conventional treatment. Furthermore, the ultrasound-mediated vaporization of DOX-NDs induced tumor cell apoptosis with minimal damage to surrounding normal tissues. In summary, our PND strategy offers a precise and programmable approach for drug delivery and therapy, combining ultrasound imaging guidance. This approach shows great potential in enhancing tumor treatment efficacy while minimizing harm to healthy tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feihong Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jian An
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenyu Guo
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jie Dang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Feng Feng
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiabin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Di Wang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jingyi Yin
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing Fang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Heping Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Institute of Molecular Medicine, College of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Research Unit of Mitochondria in Brain Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, PKU-Nanjing Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanjing, 211899, China.
| | - Jue Zhang
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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Pan X, Huang W, Nie G, Wang C, Wang H. Ultrasound-Sensitive Intelligent Nanosystems: A Promising Strategy for the Treatment of Neurological Diseases. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2303180. [PMID: 37871967 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Neurological diseases are a major global health challenge, affecting hundreds of millions of people worldwide. Ultrasound therapy plays an irreplaceable role in the treatment of neurological diseases due to its noninvasive, highly focused, and strong tissue penetration capabilities. However, the complexity of brain and nervous system and the safety risks associated with prolonged exposure to ultrasound therapy severely limit the applicability of ultrasound therapy. Ultrasound-sensitive intelligent nanosystems (USINs) are a novel therapeutic strategy for neurological diseases that bring greater spatiotemporal controllability and improve safety to overcome these challenges. This review provides a detailed overview of therapeutic strategies and clinical advances of ultrasound in neurological diseases, focusing on the potential of USINs-based ultrasound in the treatment of neurological diseases. Based on the physical and chemical effects induced by ultrasound, rational design of USINs is a prerequisite for improving the efficacy of ultrasound therapy. Recent developments of ultrasound-sensitive nanocarriers and nanoagents are systemically reviewed. Finally, the challenges and developing prospects of USINs are discussed in depth, with a view to providing useful insights and guidance for efficient ultrasound treatment of neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueting Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Wenping Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Changyong Wang
- Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hai Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Nanoscience and Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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19
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Wang P, Chen J, Zhong R, Xia Y, Wu Z, Zhang C, Yao H. Recent advances of ultrasound-responsive nanosystems in tumor immunotherapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 198:114246. [PMID: 38479562 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by boosting the immune system and preventing disease escape mechanisms. Despite its potential, challenges like limited response rates and adverse immune effects impede its widespread clinical adoption. Ultrasound (US), known for its safety and effectiveness in tumor diagnosis and therapy, has been shown to significantly enhance immunotherapy when used with nanosystems. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) can obliterate tumor cells and elicit immune reactions through the creation of immunogenic debris. Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) bolsters tumor immunosuppression and mitigates metastasis risk by concentrating dendritic cells. Ultrasonic cavitation (UC) produces microbubbles that can transport immune enhancers directly, thus strengthening the immune response and therapeutic impact. Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) merges nanotechnology with immunotherapy, using specialized sonosensitizers to kill cancer cells and stimulate immune responses, increasing treatment success. This review discusses the integration of ultrasound-responsive nanosystems in tumor immunotherapy, exploring future opportunities and current hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Rui'an people's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Rui'an 325200, China
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Rui'an people's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Rui'an 325200, China
| | - Runming Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Rui'an people's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Rui'an 325200, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xia
- Center For Peak of Excellence on Biological Science and Food Engineering, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Zhina Wu
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Rui'an people's Hospital (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University), Rui'an 325200, China
| | - Chunye Zhang
- Center For Peak of Excellence on Biological Science and Food Engineering, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Hai Yao
- Center For Peak of Excellence on Biological Science and Food Engineering, National University of Singapore (Suzhou) Research Institute, Suzhou 215004, China.
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20
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Li C, Teng F, Wu F, Zhang H, Zhang C, Zhang D. Enhanced cavitation dose and reactive oxygen species production in microbubble-mediated sonodynamic therapy for inhibition of Escherichia coli and biofilm. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 105:106853. [PMID: 38537561 PMCID: PMC10988124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging antibacterial therapy. This work selected hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) as the sonosensitizer, and studied the enhanced inhibition effect of Escherichia coli and biofilm by microbubble-mediated cavitation in SDT. Firstly, the influence of microbubble-mediated cavitation effect on different concentrations of HMME (10 µg/ml, 30 µg/ml, 50 µg/ml) was studied. Using 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (DPBF) as an indicator, the effect of microbubble-mediated cavitation on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was studied by absorption spectroscopy. Secondly, using agar medium, laser confocal microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, the effect of microbubble-mediated cavitation on the activity and morphology of bacteria was studied. Finally, the inhibitory effect of cavitation combined with SDT on biofilm was evaluated by laser confocal microscopy. The research results indicate that: (1) Microbubble-mediated ultrasound cavitation can significantly increase cavitation intensity and production of ROS. (2) Microbubble-mediated acoustic cavitation can alter the morphological structure of bacteria. (3) It can significantly enhance the inhibition of SDT on the activity of Escherichia coli and its biofilm. Compared with the control group, the addition of microbubbles resulted in an increase in the number of dead bacteria by 61.7 %, 71.6 %, and 76.2 %, respectively. The fluorescence intensity of the biofilm decreased by 27.1 %, 80.3 %, and 98.2 %, respectively. On the basis of adding microbubbles to ensure antibacterial and biofilm inhibition effects, this work studied the influence of cavitation effect in SDT on bacterial structure, providing a foundation for further revealing the intrinsic mechanism of SDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changlong Li
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Fengmeng Teng
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fengmin Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Chunbing Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, School of Science, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics (MOE), Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructure, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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21
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Liu S, Yan Z, Huang Z, Yang H, Li J. Smart Nanocarriers for the Treatment of Retinal Diseases. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:2070-2085. [PMID: 38489843 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c01289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Retinal diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, and retinoblastoma, stand as the leading causes of irreversible vision impairment and blindness worldwide. Effectively administering drugs for retinal diseases poses a formidable challenge due to the presence of complex ocular barriers and elimination mechanisms. Over time, various approaches have been developed to fabricate drug delivery systems for improving retinal therapy including virus vectors, lipid nanoparticles, and polymers. However, conventional nanocarriers encounter issues related to the controllability, efficiency, and safety in the retina. Therefore, the development of smart nanocarriers for effective or more invasive long-term treatment remains a desirable goal. Recently, approaches have surfaced for the intelligent design of nanocarriers, leveraging specific responses to external or internal triggers and enabling multiple functions for retinal therapy such as topical administration, prolonged drug release, and site-specific drug delivery. This Review provides an overview of prevalent retinal pathologies and related pharmacotherapies to enhance the understanding of retinal diseases. It also surveys recent developments and strategies employed in the intelligent design of nanocarriers for retinal disease. Finally, the challenges of smart nanocarriers in potential clinical retinal therapeutic applications are discussed to inspire the next generation of smart nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zhike Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Zixiang Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Huanghao Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection Technology for Food Safety, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Jingying Li
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
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22
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Fan CH, Tsai CY, Lai CY, Liou YF, Lee JK, Yeh CK. Feasibility of in vitro calcification plaque disruption using ultrasound-induced microbubble inertial cavitation. ULTRASONICS 2024; 138:107238. [PMID: 38183758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultras.2023.107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is a clinical method in which plaque-narrowed arteries are widened by inflating an intravascular balloon catheter. However, PTCA remains challenging to apply in calcified plaques since the high pressure required for achieving a therapeutic outcome can result in balloon rupture, vessel rupture, and intimal dissection. To address the problem with PTCA, we hypothesized that a calcified plaque can be disrupted by microbubbles (MBs) inertial cavitation induced by ultrasound (US). This study proposed a columnar US transducer with a novel design to generate inertial cavitation at the lesion site. Experiments were carried out using tubular calcification phantom to mimic calcified plaques. After different parameters of US + MBs treatment (four types of MBs concentration, five types of cycle number, and three types of insonication duration; n = 4 in each group), inflation experiments were performed to examine the efficacy of cavitation for a clinically used balloon catheter. Finally, micro-CT was used to investigate changes in the internal structure of the tubular plaster phantoms. The inflation threshold of the untreated tubular plaster phantoms was > 11 atm, and this was significantly reduced to 7.4 ± 0.7 atm (p = 5.2E-08) using US-induced MBs inertial cavitation at a treatment duration of 20 min with an acoustic pressure of 214 kPa, an MBs concentration of 4.0 × 108 MBs/mL, a cycle number of 100 cycles, and a pulse repetition frequency of 100 Hz. Moreover, micro-CT revealed internal damage in the tubular calcification phantom, demonstrating that US-induced MBs inertial cavitation can effectively disrupt calcified plaques and reduce the inflation threshold of PTCA. The ex vivo histopathology results showed that the endothelium of pig blood vessels remained intact after the treatment. In summary, the results show that US-induced MBs inertial cavitation can markedly reduce the inflation threshold in PTCA without damaging blood vessel endothelia, indicating the potential of the proposed treatment method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsiang Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Medical Device Innovation Center, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yu Tsai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yen Lai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Fu Liou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kuang Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kuang Yeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Environmental Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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23
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Bouakaz A, Michel Escoffre J. From concept to early clinical trials: 30 years of microbubble-based ultrasound-mediated drug delivery research. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2024; 206:115199. [PMID: 38325561 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2024.115199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound mediated drug delivery, a promising therapeutic modality, has evolved remarkably over the past three decades. Initially designed to enhance contrast in ultrasound imaging, microbubbles have emerged as a main vector for drug delivery, offering targeted therapy with minimized side effects. This review addresses the historical progression of this technology, emphasizing the pivotal role microbubbles play in augmenting drug extravasation and targeted delivery. We explore the complex mechanisms behind this technology, from stable and inertial cavitation to diverse acoustic phenomena, and their applications in medical fields. While the potential of ultrasound mediated drug delivery is undeniable, there are still challenges to overcome. Balancing therapeutic efficacy and safety and establishing standardized procedures are essential areas requiring attention. A multidisciplinary approach, gathering collaborations between researchers, engineers, and clinicians, is important for exploiting the full potential of this technology. In summary, this review highlights the potential of using ultrasound mediated drug delivery in improving patient care across various medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayache Bouakaz
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France.
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24
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Wu Y, Li J, Shu L, Tian Z, Wu S, Wu Z. Ultrasound combined with microbubble mediated immunotherapy for tumor microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1304502. [PMID: 38487163 PMCID: PMC10937735 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1304502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in dynamically regulating the progress of cancer and influencing the therapeutic results. Targeting the tumor microenvironment is a promising cancer treatment method in recent years. The importance of tumor immune microenvironment regulation by ultrasound combined with microbubbles is now widely recognized. Ultrasound and microbubbles work together to induce antigen release of tumor cell through mechanical or thermal effects, promoting antigen presentation and T cells' recognition and killing of tumor cells, and improve tumor immunosuppression microenvironment, which will be a breakthrough in improving traditional treatment problems such as immune checkpoint blocking (ICB) and himeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. In order to improve the therapeutic effect and immune regulation of TME targeted tumor therapy, it is necessary to develop and optimize the application system of microbubble ultrasound for organs or diseases. Therefore, the combination of ultrasound and microbubbles in the field of TME will continue to focus on developing more effective strategies to regulate the immunosuppression mechanisms, so as to activate anti-tumor immunity and/or improve the efficacy of immune-targeted drugs, At present, the potential value of ultrasound combined with microbubbles in TME targeted therapy tumor microenvironment targeted therapy has great potential, which has been confirmed in the experimental research and application of breast cancer, colon cancer, pancreatic cancer and prostate cancer, which provides a new alternative idea for clinical tumor treatment. This article reviews the research progress of ultrasound combined with microbubbles in the treatment of tumors and their application in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Zuohui Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
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25
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Haghi H, Kolios MC. Numerical investigation of the effect of bubble properties on the linear resonance frequency shift due to inter-bubble interactions in ultrasonically excited lipid coated microbubbles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 104:106831. [PMID: 38428306 PMCID: PMC10912878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasonically excited microbubbles (MBs) have numerous applications in various fields, such as drug delivery, and imaging. Ultrasonically excited MBs are known to be nonlinear oscillators that generate secondary acoustic emissions in the media when excited by a primary ultrasound wave. The propagation of acoustic waves in the liquid is limited to the speed of sound, resulting in each MB receiving the primary and secondary waves at different times depending on their distance from the ultrasound source and the distance between MBs. These delays are referred to as primary and secondary delays, respectively. A previous study demonstrated that the inclusion of secondary delays in a model describing the interactions between MBs exposed to ultrasound results in an increase in the linear resonance frequency of MBs as they approach each other. This work investigates the impact of various MB properties on the change in linear resonance frequency resulting from changes in inter-bubble distances. The effects of shell properties, including the initial surface tension, surface dilatational viscosity of the shell monolayer, elastic compression modulus of the shell, and the initial radius of the MBs, are examined. MB size is a significant factor influencing the rate of linear resonance frequency increase with increasing concentration. Moreover, it is found that the shell properties of MBs play a negligible role in the rate of change in linear resonance frequency of MBs as the inter-bubble distances change.The findings of this study have implications for various applications of MBs in the biomedical field. By understanding the impact of inter-bubble distances and shell properties on the linear resonance frequency of MBs, the utilization of MBs in applications reliant on their resonant behavior can be optimized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Haghi
- Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Metropolitan University, 209 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), a partnership between St. Michael's Hospital and Toronto Metropolitan University, 209 Victoria St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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26
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Anbarafshan R, Pellow C, Kiezun K, Leong H, Goertz DE. In vivo high-speed microscopy of microbubbles in the chorioallantoic membrane model. Theranostics 2024; 14:1794-1814. [PMID: 38505609 PMCID: PMC10945333 DOI: 10.7150/thno.91232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: The acoustic stimulation of microbubbles within microvessels can elicit a spectrum of therapeutically relevant bioeffects from permeabilization to perfusion shutdown. These bioeffects ultimately arise from complex interactions between microbubbles and microvascular walls, though such interactions are poorly understood particularly at high pressure, due to a paucity of direct in vivo observations. The continued development of focused ultrasound methods hinges in large part on establishing links between microbubble-microvessel interactions, cavitation signals, and bioeffects. Methods: Here, a system was developed to enable simultaneous high-speed intravital imaging and cavitation monitoring of microbubbles in vivo in a chorioallantoic membrane model. Exposures were conducted using the clinical agent DefinityTM under conditions previously associated with microvascular damage (1 MHz, 0.5-3.5 MPa, 5 ms pulse length). Results: Ultrasound-activated microbubbles could be observed and were found to induce localized wall deformations that were more pronounced in smaller microvessels and increased with pressure. A central finding was that microbubbles could extravasate from microvessels (from 34% of vessels at 1 MPa to 79% at 3 MPa) during insonation (94% within 0.5 ms) and that this occurred more frequently and in progressively larger microvessels (up to 180 µm) as pressure was increased. Following microbubble extravasation, transient or sustained red blood cell leakage ensued at the extravasation site in 96% of cases for pressures ≥1 MPa. Conclusions: The results here represent the first high-speed in vivo investigation of high-pressure focused ultrasound-induced microbubble-microvessel interactions. This data provides direct evidence that the process of activated microbubble extravasation can occur in vivo and that it is linked to producing microvessel wall perforations of sufficient size to permit red blood cell leakage. The association of red blood cell leakage with microbubble extravasation provides mechanistic insight into the process of microvessel rupture, which has been widely observed in histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojin Anbarafshan
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Carly Pellow
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Kevin Kiezun
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Hon Leong
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - David E. Goertz
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, M5G 1L7, Canada
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, M4N 3M5, Canada
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27
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Fernandez JL, Snipstad S, Bjørkøy A, Davies CDL. Real-Time Multiphoton Intravital Microscopy of Drug Extravasation in Tumours during Acoustic Cluster Therapy. Cells 2024; 13:349. [PMID: 38391962 PMCID: PMC10887035 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Optimising drug delivery to tumours remains an obstacle to effective cancer treatment. A prerequisite for successful chemotherapy is that the drugs reach all tumour cells. The vascular network of tumours, extravasation across the capillary wall and penetration throughout the extracellular matrix limit the delivery of drugs. Ultrasound combined with microbubbles has been shown to improve the therapeutic response in preclinical and clinical studies. Most studies apply microbubbles designed as ultrasound contrast agents. Acoustic Cluster Therapy (ACT®) is a novel approach based on ultrasound-activated microbubbles, which have a diameter 5-10 times larger than regular contrast agent microbubbles. An advantage of using such large microbubbles is that they are in contact with a larger part of the capillary wall, and the oscillating microbubbles exert more effective biomechanical effects on the vessel wall. In accordance with this, ACT® has shown promising therapeutic results in combination with various drugs and drug-loaded nanoparticles. Knowledge of the mechanism and behaviour of drugs and microbubbles is needed to optimise ACT®. Real-time intravital microscopy (IVM) is a useful tool for such studies. This paper presents the experimental setup design for visualising ACT® microbubbles within the vasculature of tumours implanted in dorsal window (DW) chambers. It presents ultrasound setups, the integration and alignment of the ultrasound field with the optical system in live animal experiments, and the methodologies for visualisation and analysing the recordings. Dextran was used as a fluorescent marker to visualise the blood vessels and to trace drug extravasation and penetration into the extracellular matrix. The results reveal that the experimental setup successfully recorded the kinetics of extravasation and penetration distances into the extracellular matrix, offering a deeper understanding of ACT's mechanisms and potential in localised drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lage Fernandez
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
| | - Sofie Snipstad
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
- Cancer Clinic, St. Olavs Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Astrid Bjørkøy
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
| | - Catharina de Lange Davies
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway; (S.S.); (A.B.); (C.d.L.D.)
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28
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Ostasevicius V, Jurenas V, Venslauskas M, Kizauskiene L, Zigmantaite V, Stankevicius E, Bubulis A, Vezys J, Mikuckyte S. Low-frequency ultrasound for pulmonary hypertension therapy. Respir Res 2024; 25:70. [PMID: 38317182 PMCID: PMC10840147 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-024-02713-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, there are no reliable clinical tools that allow non-invasive therapeutic support for patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. This study aims to propose a low-frequency ultrasound device for pulmonary hypertension therapy and to demonstrate its potential. METHODS A novel low-frequency ultrasound transducer has been developed. Due to its structural properties, it is excited by higher vibrational modes, which generate a signal capable of deeply penetrating biological tissues. A methodology for the artificial induction of pulmonary hypertension in sheep and for the assessment of lung physiological parameters such as blood oxygen concentration, pulse rate, and pulmonary blood pressure has been proposed. RESULTS The results showed that exposure of the lungs to low-frequency ultrasound changed physiological parameters such as blood oxygen concentration, pulse rate and blood pressure. These parameters are most closely related to indicators of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The ultrasound exposure increased blood oxygen concentration over a 7-min period, while pulse rate and pulmonary blood pressure decreased over the same period. In anaesthetised sheep exposed to low-frequency ultrasound, a 10% increase in SpO2, a 10% decrease in pulse rate and an approximate 13% decrease in blood pressure were observed within 7 min. CONCLUSIONS The research findings demonstrate the therapeutic efficiency of low-frequency ultrasound on hypertensive lungs, while also revealing insights into the physiological aspects of gas exchange within the pulmonary system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vytautas Ostasevicius
- Institute of Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Street 56, 51424, Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Vytautas Jurenas
- Institute of Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Street 56, 51424, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mantas Venslauskas
- Institute of Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Street 56, 51424, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Laura Kizauskiene
- Department of Computer Sciences, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Street 50, 51368, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Vilma Zigmantaite
- Biological Research Center Lithuanian, University of Health Sciences, Tilžės Street 18, 47181, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Laboratory of Membrane Biophysics, Cardiology Department, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukilėlių Street 15, 50103, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Edgaras Stankevicius
- Institute of Physiology and Pharmacology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, A. Mickevicius Street 9, 44307, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Algimantas Bubulis
- Institute of Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Street 56, 51424, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Joris Vezys
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Street 56, 51424, Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Sandra Mikuckyte
- Institute of Mechatronics, Kaunas University of Technology, Studentu Street 56, 51424, Kaunas, Lithuania
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29
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Roy M, Alix C, Burlaud-Gaillard J, Fouan D, Raoul W, Bouakaz A, Blanchard E, Lecomte T, Viaud-Massuard MC, Sasaki N, Serrière S, Escoffre JM. Delivery of Anticancer Drugs Using Microbubble-Assisted Ultrasound in a 3D Spheroid Model. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:831-844. [PMID: 38174896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Tumor spheroids are promising three-dimensional (3D) in vitro tumor models for the evaluation of drug delivery methods. The design of noninvasive and targeted drug methods is required to improve the intratumoral bioavailability of chemotherapeutic drugs and reduce their adverse off-target effects. Among such methods, microbubble-assisted ultrasound (MB-assisted US) is an innovative modality for noninvasive targeted drug delivery. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of this US modality for the delivery of bleomycin, doxorubicin, and irinotecan in colorectal cancer (CRC) spheroids. MB-assisted US permeabilized the CRC spheroids to propidium iodide, which was used as a drug model without affecting their growth and viability. Histological analysis and electron microscopy revealed that MB-assisted US affected only the peripheral layer of the CRC spheroids. The acoustically mediated bleomycin delivery induced a significant decrease in CRC spheroid growth in comparison to spheroids treated with bleomycin alone. However, this US modality did not improve the therapeutic efficacy of doxorubicin and irinotecan on CRC spheroids. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that tumor spheroids are a relevant approach to evaluate the efficacy of MB-assisted US for the delivery of chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Roy
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Corentin Alix
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Julien Burlaud-Gaillard
- Inserm U1259, Université de Tours et CHRU de Tours & Plateforme IBiSA des Microscopies, PPF ASB, CHRU de Tours, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Damien Fouan
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37032 Tours, France
| | - William Raoul
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance et Cancer (N2C), Université de Tours, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Ayache Bouakaz
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Emmanuelle Blanchard
- Inserm U1259, Université de Tours et CHRU de Tours & Plateforme IBiSA des Microscopies, PPF ASB, CHRU de Tours, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Thierry Lecomte
- Inserm UMR 1069, Nutrition Croissance et Cancer (N2C), Université de Tours, 37032 Tours, France
- Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology & Digestive Oncology, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | | | - Noboru Sasaki
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, 060-0818 Sapporo, Japan
| | - Sophie Serrière
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, 37032 Tours, France
- Département d'Imagerie Préclinique, Plateforme Scientifique et Technique Analyse des Systèmes Biologiques, Université de Tours, 37032 Tours, France
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30
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Das M, Pandey V, Jajoria K, Bhatia D, Gupta I, Shekhar H. Glycosylated Porphyrin Derivatives for Sonodynamic Therapy: ROS Generation and Cytotoxicity Studies in Breast Cancer Cells. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:1196-1205. [PMID: 38222585 PMCID: PMC10785087 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c07445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a promising alternative to photodynamic therapy for achieving site-specific cytotoxic therapy. Porphyrin derivative molecules have been reported extensively in photodynamic therapy. We have previously shown that the glycosylation of porphyrin-based sonosensitizers can enhance their cellular uptake. However, the sonodynamic potential of these water-soluble glycosylated porphyrins has not been investigated. In this study, we characterized the sonodynamic response of two water-soluble glycosylated porphyrin derivatives. Ultrasound (US) exposure was performed (1 MHz frequency, intensities of 0.05-1.1 W/cm2) for 0-3 min in continuous mode. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was quantified via ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometry. MTT assay was used to quantify cytotoxicity caused by sonodynamic effects from these derivatives in the human mammary carcinoma (SUM-159) cell line in vitro. ROS generation from the porphyrin derivatives was demonstrated at a concentration of 15 μM. No significant cytotoxic effects were observed with the sonosensitizer alone or US exposure alone over the tested range of intensities and duration. The free base porphyrin derivative caused 60-70% cell death, whereas the zinc-porphyrin derivative with Zn metal conjugation caused nearly 50% cytotoxicity when exposed at 0.6 W/cm2 intensity for 3 min. These studies demonstrate the potential of anticancer SDT with soluble glycosylated porphyrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manita Das
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Vijayalakshmi Pandey
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
(IIT) Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Kuldeep Jajoria
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Department
of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Iti Gupta
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
(IIT) Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Himanshu Shekhar
- Department
of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute
of Technology (IIT) Gandhinagar, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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31
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Yusefi H, Helfield B. Subharmonic resonance of phospholipid coated ultrasound contrast agent microbubbles. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 102:106753. [PMID: 38217906 PMCID: PMC10825773 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Phospholipid encapsulated ultrasound contrast agents have proven to be a powerful addition in diagnostic imaging and show emerging applications in targeted therapy due to their resonant and nonlinear scattering. Microbubble response is affected by their intrinsic (e.g. bubble size, encapsulation physics) and extrinsic (e.g. boundaries) factors. One of the major intrinsic factors at play affecting microbubble vibration dynamics is the initial phospholipid packing of the lipid encapsulation. Here, we examine how the initial phospholipid packing affects the subharmonic response of either individual or a system of two closely-placed microbubbles. We employ a finite element model to investigate the change in subharmonic resonance under 'small' and 'large' radial excursions. For microbubbles ranging between 1.5 and 2.5 µm in diameter and in its elastic state (σ0 = 0.01 N/m), we demonstrate up to a 10 % shift towards lower frequencies in the peak subharmonic response as the radial excursion increases. However, for a bubble initially in its buckled state (σ0 = 0 N/m), we observe a maximum shift of 8 % towards higher frequencies as the radial excursion increases over the same range of bubble sizes - the opposite trend. We studied the same scenario for a system of two individual microbubbles for which we saw similar results. For microbubbles that are initially in their elastic state, in both cases of a) two identically sized bubbles and b) a bubble in proximity to a smaller bubble, we observed a 6 % and 9 % shift towards lower frequencies respectively; while in the case of a neighboring larger bubble no change in subharmonic resonance frequency was observed. Microbubbles that are initially in a buckled state exert no change, 5 % and 19 % shift towards higher frequencies, in two-bubble systems consisting of a) same-size, b) smaller, and c) larger neighboring bubble respectively. Furthermore, we examined the effect of two adjacent bubbles with non-equal initial phospholipid states. The results presented here have important implications in ultrasound contrast agent applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Yusefi
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Brandon Helfield
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada; Department of Biology, Concordia University, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada.
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Moradi Kashkooli F, Hornsby TK, Kolios MC, Tavakkoli JJ. Ultrasound-mediated nano-sized drug delivery systems for cancer treatment: Multi-scale and multi-physics computational modeling. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1913. [PMID: 37475577 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Computational modeling enables researchers to study and understand various complex biological phenomena in anticancer drug delivery systems (DDSs), especially nano-sized DDSs (NSDDSs). The combination of NSDDSs and therapeutic ultrasound (TUS), that is, focused ultrasound and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound, has made significant progress in recent years, opening many opportunities for cancer treatment. Multiple parameters require tuning and optimization to develop effective DDSs, such as NSDDSs, in which mathematical modeling can prove advantageous. In silico computational modeling of ultrasound-responsive DDS typically involves a complex framework of acoustic interactions, heat transfer, drug release from nanoparticles, fluid flow, mass transport, and pharmacodynamic governing equations. Owing to the rapid development of computational tools, modeling the different phenomena in multi-scale complex problems involved in drug delivery to tumors has become possible. In the present study, we present an in-depth review of recent advances in the mathematical modeling of TUS-mediated DDSs for cancer treatment. A detailed discussion is also provided on applying these computational models to improve the clinical translation for applications in cancer treatment. This article is categorized under: Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tyler K Hornsby
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael C Kolios
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jahangir Jahan Tavakkoli
- Department of Physics, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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33
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Rivera J, Digklia A, Christou AS, Anibal J, Vallis KA, Wood BJ, Stride E. A Review of Ultrasound-Mediated Checkpoint Inhibitor Immunotherapy. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024; 50:1-7. [PMID: 37798210 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, immunotherapy has emerged as a major modality in cancer medicine. However, despite its unprecedented success, immunotherapy currently benefits only a subgroup of patients, may induce responses of limited duration and is associated with potentially treatment-limiting side effects. In addition, responses to immunotherapeutics are sometimes diminished by the emergence of a complex array of resistance mechanisms. The efficacy of immunotherapy depends on dynamic interactions between tumour cells and the immune landscape in the tumour microenvironment. Ultrasound, especially in conjunction with cavitation-promoting agents such as microbubbles, can assist in the uptake and/or local release of immunotherapeutic agents at specific target sites, thereby increasing treatment efficacy and reducing systemic toxicity. There is also increasing evidence that ultrasound and/or cavitation may themselves directly stimulate a beneficial immune response. In this review, we summarize the latest developments in the use of ultrasound and cavitation agents to promote checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jocelyne Rivera
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Interventional Radiology, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Botnar Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonia Digklia
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Anna S Christou
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Interventional Radiology, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - James Anibal
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Interventional Radiology, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA; Computational Health Informatics Lab, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Bradford J Wood
- Center for Interventional Oncology, Interventional Radiology, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Eleanor Stride
- Botnar Research Centre, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Shah R, Phatak N, Choudhary A, Gadewar S, Ajazuddin, Bhattacharya S. Exploring the Theranostic Applications and Prospects of Nanobubbles. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:1167-1181. [PMID: 37861011 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010248189231010085827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Anticancer medications as well as additional therapeutic compounds, have poor clinical effectiveness due to their diverse distribution, non-selectivity for malignant cells, and undesirable off-target side effects. As a result, ultrasound-based targeted delivery of therapeutic compounds carried in sophisticated nanocarriers has grown in favor of cancer therapy and control. Nanobubbles are nanoscale bubbles that exhibit unique physiochemical properties in both their inner core and outer shell. Manufacturing nanobubbles primarily aims to enhance therapeutic agents' bioavailability, stability, and targeted delivery. The small size of nanobubbles allows for their extravasation from blood vessels into surrounding tissues and site-specific release through ultrasound targeting. Ultrasound technology is widely utilized for therapy due to its speed, safety, and cost-effectiveness, and micro/nanobubbles, as ultrasound contrast agents, have numerous potential applications in disease treatment. Thus, combining ultrasound applications with NBs has recently demonstrated increased localization of anticancer molecules in tumor tissues with triggered release behavior. Consequently, an effective therapeutic concentration of drugs/genes is achieved in target tumor tissues with ultimately increased therapeutic efficacy and minimal side effects on other non-cancerous tissues. This paper provides a brief overview of the production processes for nanobubbles, along with their key characteristics and potential therapeutic uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Niraj Phatak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Ashok Choudhary
- Department of Quality Assurance, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Sakshi Gadewar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
| | - Ajazuddin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, Khoka-Kurud Road, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, 490024, India
| | - Sankha Bhattacharya
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed-to-be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra, 425405, India
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35
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Park J, Son G. Numerical investigation of acoustic cavitation and viscoelastic tissue deformation. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 102:106757. [PMID: 38217908 PMCID: PMC10825659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Acoustic cavitation and tissue deformation are studied by modifying a level-set method for compressible two-phase flows to consider viscoelastic tissue deformation. The numerical simulations performed using different shear moduli and bubble-tissue distances demonstrate various interactions between bubble and viscoelastic tissue, including inverted cone-shape bubbles, bubble migration, liquid jet formation, compressive and expansive tissue deformation, and tissue perforation. The bubble is observed to grow larger with increasing tissue bulk modulus and density. The maximum tissue deformation generally increases with decreasing initial bubble-tissue distance and with increasing tissue bulk modulus and density. The tissue shear modulus conditions that maximize tissue deformation are in the range of 1-10 MPa, unless the tissue density is very large.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaesung Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, South Korea
| | - Gihun Son
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, South Korea.
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36
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Kumar J, Karim A, Sweety UH, Sarma H, Nurunnabi M, Narayan M. Bioinspired Approaches for Central Nervous System Targeted Gene Delivery. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023. [PMID: 38100377 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.3c00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) which include a wide range of neurodegenerative and neurological conditions have become a serious global issue. The presence of CNS barriers poses a significant challenge to the progress of designing effective therapeutic delivery systems, limiting the effectiveness of drugs, genes, and other therapeutic agents. Natural nanocarriers present in biological systems have inspired researchers to design unique delivery systems through biomimicry. As natural resource derived delivery systems are more biocompatible, current research has been focused on the development of delivery systems inspired by bacteria, viruses, fungi, and mammalian cells. Despite their structural potential and extensive physiological function, making them an excellent choice for biomaterial engineering, the delivery of nucleic acids remains challenging due to their instability in biological systems. Similarly, the efficient delivery of genetic material within the tissues of interest remains a hurdle due to a lack of selectivity and targeting ability. Considering that gene therapies are the holy grail for intervention in diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Disease, and Huntington's disease, this review centers around recent advances in bioinspired approaches to gene delivery for the prevention of CNS disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Afroz Karim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Ummy Habiba Sweety
- Environmental Science and Engineering, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Hemen Sarma
- Bioremediation Technology Research Group, Department of Botany, Bodoland University, Rangalikhata, Deborgaon, 783370, Kokrajhar (BTR), Assam, India
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- The Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Mahesh Narayan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at El Paso (UTEP), El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
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37
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Zhao P, Peng Y, Wang Y, Hu Y, Qin J, Li D, Yan K, Fan Z. Mechanistic study of ultrasound and microbubble enhanced cancer therapy in a 3D vascularized microfluidic cancer model. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 101:106709. [PMID: 38043461 PMCID: PMC10704430 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has shown that ultrasound exposure combined with microbubbles can enhance cancer therapy. However, the underlying mechanisms at the tissue level have not been fully understood yet. The conventional cell culture in vitro lacks complex structure and interaction, while animal studies cannot provide micron-scale dynamic information. To bridge the gap, we designed and assembled a 3D vascularized microfluidic cancer model, particularly suitable for ultrasound and microbubble involved mechanistic studies. Using this model, we first studied SonoVue microbubble traveling dynamics in 3D tissue structure, then resolved SonoVue microbubble cavitation dynamics in tissue mimicking agarose gels at a frame rate of 0.675 M fps, and finally explored the impacts of ultrasound and microbubbles on cancer cell spheroids. Our results demonstrate that microbubble penetration in agarose gel was enhanced by increasing microbubble concentration, flow rate and decreasing viscosity of the gel, and little affected by mild acoustic radiation force. SonoVue microbubble exhibited larger expansion amplitudes in 2 %(w/v) agarose gels than in water, which can be explained theoretically by the relaxation of the cavitation medium. The immediate impacts of ultrasound and SonoVue microbubbles to cancer cell spheroids in the 3D tissue model included improved cancer cell spheroid penetration in micron-scale and sparse direct permanent cancer cell damage. Our study provides new insights of the mechanisms for ultrasound and microbubble enhanced cancer therapy at the tissue level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yingxiao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yanjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jixing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dachao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Kun Yan
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Ultrasound, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
| | - Zhenzhen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China; State Key Laboratory of Acoustics, Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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38
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AIUM Official Statement for the Statement on Biological Effects of Therapeutic Ultrasound. JOURNAL OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE 2023; 42:E68-E73. [PMID: 37584480 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
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van Elburg B, Deprez J, van den Broek M, De Smedt SC, Versluis M, Lajoinie G, Lentacker I, Segers T. Dependence of sonoporation efficiency on microbubble size: An in vitro monodisperse microbubble study. J Control Release 2023; 363:747-755. [PMID: 37778466 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Sonoporation is the process where intracellular drug delivery is facilitated by ultrasound-driven microbubble oscillations. Several mechanisms have been proposed to relate microbubble dynamics to sonoporation including shear and normal stress. The present work aims to gain insight into the role of microbubble size on sonoporation and thereby into the relevant mechanism(s) of sonoporation. To this end, we measured the sonoporation efficiency while varying microbubble size using monodisperse microbubble suspensions. Sonoporation experiments were performed in vitro on cell monolayers using a single ultrasound pulse with a fixed frequency of 1 MHz while the acoustic pressure amplitude and pulse length were varied at 250, 500, and 750 kPa, and 10, 100, and 1000 cycles, respectively. Sonoporation efficiency was quantified using flow cytometry by measuring the FITC-dextran (4 kDa and 2 MDa) fluorescence intensity in 10,000 cells per experiment to average out inherent variations in the bioresponse. Using ultra-high-speed imaging at 10 million frames per second, we demonstrate that the bubble oscillation amplitude is nearly independent of the equilibrium bubble radius at acoustic pressure amplitudes that induce sonoporation (≥ 500 kPa). However, we show that sonoporation efficiency is strongly dependent on the equilibrium bubble size and that under all explored driving conditions most efficiently induced by bubbles with a radius of 4.7 μm. Polydisperse microbubbles with a typical ultrasound contrast agent size distribution perform almost an order of magnitude lower in terms of sonoporation efficiency than the 4.7-μm bubbles. We elucidate that for our system shear stress is highly unlikely the mechanism of action. By contrast, we show that sonoporation efficiency correlates well with an estimate of the bubble-induced normal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin van Elburg
- Physics of Fluids Group and Technical Medical (TechMed) Center, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Joke Deprez
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Martin van den Broek
- BIOS / Lab on a Chip Group, Max-Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel Versluis
- Physics of Fluids Group and Technical Medical (TechMed) Center, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Guillaume Lajoinie
- Physics of Fluids Group and Technical Medical (TechMed) Center, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Ine Lentacker
- Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Cancer Research Institute Ghent (CRIG), Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tim Segers
- BIOS / Lab on a Chip Group, Max-Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.
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40
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Suarez Escudero D, Haworth KJ, Genstler C, Holland CK. Quantifying the Effect of Acoustic Parameters on Temporal and Spatial Cavitation Activity: Gauging Cavitation Dose. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:2388-2397. [PMID: 37648590 PMCID: PMC10581030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cavitation-enhanced delivery of therapeutic agents is under development for the treatment of cancer and neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, including sonothrombolysis for deep vein thrombosis. The objective of this study was to quantify the spatial and temporal distribution of cavitation activity nucleated by Definity infused through the EKOS catheter over a range of acoustic parameters controlled by the EKOS endovascular system. METHODS Three insonation protocols were compared in an in vitro phantom mimicking venous flow to measure the effect of peak rarefactional pressure, pulse duration and pulse repetition frequency on cavitation activity energy, location and duration. Inertial and stable cavitation activity was quantified using passive cavitation imaging, and a metric of cavitation dose based on energy density was defined. RESULTS For all three insonation protocols, cavitation was sustained for the entire 30 min Definity infusion. The evolution of cavitation energy during each pulse duration was similar for all three protocols. For insonation protocols with higher peak rarefactional acoustic pressures, inertial and stable cavitation doses also increased. A complex relationship between the temporal behavior of cavitation energy within each pulse and the pulse repetition frequency affected the cavitation dose for the three insonation protocols. The relative predominance of stable or inertial cavitation dose varied according to insonation schemes. Passive cavitation images revealed the spatial distribution of cavitation activity. CONCLUSION Our cavitation dose metric based on energy density enabled the impact of different acoustic parameters on cavitation activity to be measured. Depending on the type of cavitation to be promoted or suppressed, particular pulsing schemes could be employed in future studies, for example, to correlate cavitation dose with sonothrombolytic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Suarez Escudero
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Kevin J Haworth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | | | - Christy K Holland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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41
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Graceffa V. Intracellular protein delivery: New insights into the therapeutic applications and emerging technologies. Biochimie 2023; 213:82-99. [PMID: 37209808 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The inability to cross the plasma membranes traditionally limited the therapeutic use of recombinant proteins. However, in the last two decades, novel technologies made delivering proteins inside the cells possible. This allowed researchers to unlock intracellular targets, once considered 'undruggable', bringing a new research area to emerge. Protein transfection systems display a large potential in a plethora of applications. However, their modality of action is often unclear, and cytotoxic effects are elevated, whereas experimental conditions to increase transfection efficacy and cell viability still need to be identified. Furthermore, technical complexity often limits in vivo experimentation, while challenging industrial and clinical translation. This review highlights the applications of protein transfection technologies, and then critically discuss the current methodologies and their limitations. Physical membrane perforation systems are compared to systems exploiting cellular endocytosis. Research evidence of the existence of either extracellular vesicles (EVs) or cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs)- based systems, that circumvent the endosomal systems is critically analysed. Commercial systems, novel solid-phase reverse protein transfection systems, and engineered living intracellular bacteria-based mechanisms are finally described. This review ultimately aims at finding new methodologies and possible applications of protein transfection systems, while helping the development of an evidence-based research approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Graceffa
- Cellular Health and Toxicology Research Group (CHAT), Centre for Mathematical Modelling and Intelligent Systems for Health and Environment (MISHE), Atlantic Technological University (ATU), Sligo, Ireland.
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Qin D, Yang Q, Lei S, Fu J, Ji X, Wang X. Investigation of interaction effects on dual-frequency driven cavitation dynamics in a two-bubble system. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 99:106586. [PMID: 37688945 PMCID: PMC10498094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
The cavitation dynamics of a two-bubble system in viscoelastic media excited by dual-frequency ultrasound is studied numerically with a focus on the effects of inter-bubble interactions. Compared to the isolated bubble cases, the enhancement or suppression effects can be exerted on the amplitude and nonlinearity of the bubble oscillations to different degrees. Moreover, the interaction effects are found to be highly sensitive to multiple paramount parameters related to the two-bubble system, the dual-frequency ultrasound and the medium viscoelasticity. Specifically, the larger bubble of a two-bubble system shows a stronger effect on the smaller one, and this effect becomes more pronounced when the larger bubble undergoes harmonic and/or subharmonic resonances as well as the two bubbles get closer (e.g., d0 < 100 μm). For the influences of the dual-frequency excitation, the results show that the bubbles can achieve enhanced harmonic and/or subharmonic oscillations as the frequency combinations with small frequency differences (e.g., Δf < 0.2 MHz) close to the corresponding resonance frequencies of bubbles, and the interaction effects are consequently intensified. Similarly, the bubble oscillations and the interaction effects can also be enhanced as the acoustic pressure amplitude of each frequency component is equal and the pressure amplitude pA increases. Above a pressure threshold (pA = 215 kPa), a larger bubble undergoes period 2 (P2) oscillations, which can force a smaller bubble to change its oscillation pattern from period 1 (P1) into P2 oscillations. In addition, it is found that the medium viscosity dampens the bubble oscillations while the medium elasticity affects the bubble resonances, accordingly exhibiting stronger interaction effects at smaller viscosities (e.g., μ < 4 mPa·s) or certain elasticities (approximately G = 70-120 kPa, G = 160-200 kPa and G = 640-780 kPa) at which the bubble resonances occur. The study can contribute to a better understanding of the complex dynamic behaviors of interacting cavitation bubbles in viscoelastic tissues for high efficient cavitation-mediated biomedical applications using dual-frequency ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dui Qin
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Postdoctoral Workstation of Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qianru Yang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Lei
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Fu
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojuan Ji
- Postdoctoral Workstation of Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China; Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiuxin Wang
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Medical Electronics and Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Bioinformatics, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang D, Guan J, Li M, Chen S, Tang S, Ha X, Song J. Near-Wall Cavitation Effect: A Molecular Dynamics Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12975-12986. [PMID: 37669094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Cavitation has been the subject of abundant studies, but the internal mechanism of cavitation is less well known. In this article, a microlevel near-wall model was established by using LAMMPS to present the process of cavitation effect. The results of molecular dynamics simulation revealed the fluctuation process of the liquid near the wall with the change in pressure. Molecular dynamics was also used to evaluate the void volume fraction and density distribution of the system. The results exhibited that the cavitation process can be divided into two stages: the initial cavitation stage and the rapid growth stage. Based on these results, the effects of wettability and initial system temperature on the near-wall cavitation effect were demonstrated. The results indicated that the hydrophobic near-wall forms a gas layer to weaken the density fluctuation, while the hydrophilic wall is opposite. Increasing the temperature could positively affect molecular motion and cavitation. This work provides a theoretical basis for further exploration of the cavitation effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Jian Guan
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- New Energy Technology Department of Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Songxuan Chen
- The China ENFI Engineering Co., Ltd, Beijing 100038, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Songzhen Tang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Xiaoliang Ha
- China Xiong'an Group Ecological Construction Investment Co. Ltd, Xiongan New Area, Hebei 071800, China
| | - Jiangbao Song
- New Energy Technology Department of Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710054, China
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Xie G, Lin S, Wu F, Liu J. Nanomaterial-based ophthalmic drug delivery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 200:115004. [PMID: 37433372 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
The low bioavailability and side effects of conventional drugs for eye disease necessitate the development of efficient drug delivery systems. Accompanying the developments of nanofabrication techniques, nanomaterials have been recognized as promising tools to overcome these challenges due to their flexible and programmable properties. Given the advances achieved in material science, a broad spectrum of functional nanomaterials capable of overcoming various ocular anterior and posterior segment barriers have been explored to satisfy the demands for ocular drug delivery. In this review, we first highlight the unique functions of nanomaterials suitable for carrying and transporting ocular drugs. Then, various functionalization strategies are emphasized to endow nanomaterials with superior performance in enhanced ophthalmic drug delivery. The rational design of several affecting factors is essential for ideal nanomaterial candidates and is depicted as well. Lastly, we introduce the current applications of nanomaterial-based delivery systems in the therapy of different ocular anterior and posterior segment diseases. The limitations of these delivery systems as well as potential solutions are also discussed. This work will inspire innovative design thinking for the development of nanotechnology-mediated strategies for advanced drug delivery and treatment toward ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Xie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Sisi Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
| | - Jinyao Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China.
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45
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Wen Z, Liu C, Teng Z, Jin Q, Liao Z, Zhu X, Huo S. Ultrasound meets the cell membrane: for enhanced endocytosis and drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13532-13545. [PMID: 37548587 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02562d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis plays a crucial role in drug delivery for precision therapy. As a non-invasive and spatiotemporal-controllable stimulus, ultrasound (US) has been utilized for improving drug delivery efficiency due to its ability to enhance cell membrane permeability. When US meets the cell membrane, the well-known cavitation effect generated by US can cause various biophysical effects, facilitating the delivery of various cargoes, especially nanocarriers. The comprehension of recent progress in the biophysical mechanism governing the interaction between ultrasound and cell membranes holds significant implications for the broader scientific community, particularly in drug delivery and nanomedicine. This review will summarize the latest research results on the biological effects and mechanisms of US-enhanced cellular endocytosis. Moreover, the latest achievements in US-related biomedical applications will be discussed. Finally, challenges and opportunities of US-enhanced endocytosis for biomedical applications will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihao Wen
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Chen Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zihao Teng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Quanyi Jin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Zhihuan Liao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Shuaidong Huo
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug Target Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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Nistor M, Rugina D, Diaconeasa Z, Socaciu C, Socaciu MA. Pentacyclic Triterpenoid Phytochemicals with Anticancer Activity: Updated Studies on Mechanisms and Targeted Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12923. [PMID: 37629103 PMCID: PMC10455110 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenoids (TTs) represent a unique family of phytochemicals with interesting properties and pharmacological effects, with some representatives, such as betulinic acid (BA) and betulin (B), being mainly investigated as potential anticancer molecules. Considering the recent scientific and preclinical investigations, a review of their anticancer mechanisms, structure-related activity, and efficiency improved by their insertion in nanolipid vehicles for targeted delivery is presented. A systematic literature study about their effects on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo, as free molecules or encapsulated in liposomes or nanolipids, is discussed. A special approach is given to liposome-TTs and nanolipid-TTs complexes to be linked to microbubbles, known as contrast agents in ultrasonography. The production of such supramolecular conjugates to deliver the drugs to target cells via sonoporation represents a new scientific and applicative direction to improve TT efficiency, considering that they have limited availability as lipophilic molecules. Relevant and recent examples of in vitro and in vivo studies, as well as the challenges for the next steps towards the application of these complex delivery systems to tumor cells, are discussed, as are the challenges for the next steps towards the application of targeted delivery to tumor cells, opening new directions for innovative nanotechnological solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Nistor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (D.R.); (Z.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology, BIODIATECH—Research Centre for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, 400478 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dumitrita Rugina
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (D.R.); (Z.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology, BIODIATECH—Research Centre for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, 400478 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (D.R.); (Z.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology, BIODIATECH—Research Centre for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, 400478 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (D.R.); (Z.D.)
- Department of Biotechnology, BIODIATECH—Research Centre for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, 400478 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Adrian Socaciu
- Department of Biotechnology, BIODIATECH—Research Centre for Applied Biotechnology in Diagnosis and Molecular Therapy, 400478 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Radiology, Imaging & Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Maardalen M, Carlisle R, Coussios C. Cavitation-Mediated Immunomodulation and Its Use with Checkpoint Inhibitors. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2110. [PMID: 37631324 PMCID: PMC10458634 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15082110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The promotion of anti-tumour immune responses can be an effective route to the complete remission of primary and metastatic tumours in a small proportion of patients. Hence, researchers are currently investigating various methods to further characterise and enhance such responses to achieve a beneficial impact across a wider range of patients. Due to its non-invasive, non-ionising, and targetable nature, the application of ultrasound-mediated cavitation has proven to be a popular method to enhance the delivery and activity of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, to optimise this approach, it is important to understand the biological and physical mechanisms by which cavitation may promote anti-tumour immune responses. Here, the published literature relating to the role that cavitation may play in modulating anti-tumour immunity is therefore assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Maardalen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK
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48
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Kancheva M, Aronson L, Pattilachan T, Sautto F, Daines B, Thommes D, Shar A, Razavi M. Bubble-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Next-Generation Diagnosis to Therapy. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:373. [PMID: 37504868 PMCID: PMC10382061 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Current radiologic and medication administration is systematic and has widespread side effects; however, the administration of microbubbles and nanobubbles (MNBs) has the possibility to provide therapeutic and diagnostic information without the same ramifications. Microbubbles (MBs), for instance, have been used for ultrasound (US) imaging due to their ability to remain in vessels when exposed to ultrasonic waves. On the other hand, nanobubbles (NBs) can be used for further therapeutic benefits, including chronic treatments for osteoporosis and cancer, gene delivery, and treatment for acute conditions, such as brain infections and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Clinical trials are also being conducted for different administrations and utilizations of MNBs. Overall, there are large horizons for the benefits of MNBs in radiology, general medicine, surgery, and many more medical applications. As such, this review aims to evaluate the most recent publications from 2016 to 2022 to report the current uses and innovations for MNBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Kancheva
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Lauren Aronson
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Tara Pattilachan
- Biionix (Bionic Materials, Implants & Interfaces) Cluster, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Francesco Sautto
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Benjamin Daines
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Donald Thommes
- College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Angela Shar
- Biionix (Bionic Materials, Implants & Interfaces) Cluster, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
| | - Mehdi Razavi
- Biionix (Bionic Materials, Implants & Interfaces) Cluster, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32827, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
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Moody CT, Durham PG, Dayton PA, Brudno Y. Loading Intracranial Drug-Eluting Reservoirs Across the Blood-Brain Barrier With Focused Ultrasound. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2023; 49:1679-1685. [PMID: 37120330 PMCID: PMC10192093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Efficient, sustained and long-term delivery of therapeutics to the brain remains an important challenge to treatment of diseases such as brain cancer, stroke and neurodegenerative disease. Focused ultrasound can assist movement of drugs into the brain, but frequent and long-term use has remained impractical. Single-use intracranial drug-eluting depots show promise but are limited for the treatment of chronic diseases as they cannot be refilled non-invasively. Refillable drug-eluting depots could serve as a long-term solution, but refilling is hindered by the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents drug refills from accessing the brain. In this article, we describe how focused ultrasound enables non-invasive loading of intracranial drug depots in mice. METHODS Female CD-1 mice (n = 6) were intracranially injected with click-reactive and fluorescent molecules that are capable of anchoring in the brain. After healing, animals were treated with high-intensity focused ultrasound and microbubbles to temporarily increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier and deliver dibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO)-Cy7. The mice were perfused, and the brains were imaged via ex vivo fluorescence imaging. RESULTS Fluorescence imaging indicated small molecule refills are captured by intracranial depots as long as 4 wk after administration and are retained for up to 4 wk based on fluorescence imaging. Efficient loading was dependent on both focused ultrasound and the presence of refillable depots in the brain as absence of either prevented intracranial loading. CONCLUSION The ability to target and retain small molecules at predetermined intracranial sites with pinpoint accuracy provides opportunities to continuously deliver drugs to the brain over weeks and months without excessive BBB opening and with minimal off-target side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher T. Moody
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering. University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University – Raleigh. 1840 Entrepreneur Drive. Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
| | - Phillip G Durham
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering. University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University – Raleigh. 1840 Entrepreneur Drive. Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Paul A Dayton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering. University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University – Raleigh. 1840 Entrepreneur Drive. Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yevgeny Brudno
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering. University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University – Raleigh. 1840 Entrepreneur Drive. Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Comparative Medicine Institute, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC USA
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50
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Bader KB, Flores Basterrechea K, Hendley SA. In silico assessment of histotripsy-induced changes in catheter-directed thrombolytic delivery. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1225804. [PMID: 37449013 PMCID: PMC10336328 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1225804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: For venous thrombosis patients, catheter-directed thrombolytic therapy is the standard-of-care to recanalize the occluded vessel. Limitations with thrombolytic drugs make the development of adjuvant treatments an active area of research. One potential adjuvant is histotripsy, a focused ultrasound therapy that lyses red blood cells within thrombus via the spontaneous generation of bubbles. Histotripsy has also been shown to improve the efficacy of thrombolytic drugs, though the precise mechanism of enhancement has not been elucidated. In this study, in silico calculations were performed to determine the contribution of histotripsy-induced changes in thrombus diffusivity to alter catheter-directed therapy. Methods: An established and validated Monte Carlo calculation was used to predict the extent of histotripsy bubble activity. The distribution of thrombolytic drug was computed with a finite-difference time domain (FDTD) solution of the perfusion-diffusion equation. The FDTD calculation included changes in thrombus diffusivity based on outcomes of the Monte Carlo calculation. Fibrin degradation was determined using the known reaction rate of thrombolytic drug. Results: In the absence of histotripsy, thrombolytic delivery was restricted in close proximity to the catheter. Thrombolytic perfused throughout the focal region for calculations that included the effects of histotripsy, resulting in an increased degree of fibrinolysis. Discussion: These results were consistent with the outcomes of in vitro studies, suggesting histotripsy-induced changes in the thrombus diffusivity are a primary mechanism for enhancement of thrombolytic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth B. Bader
- Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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