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Heggie A, Thurston TLM, Ellis T. Microbial messengers: nucleic acid delivery by bacteria. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00188-4. [PMID: 39117490 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
The demand for diverse nucleic acid delivery vectors, driven by recent biotechnological breakthroughs, offers opportunities for continuous improvements in efficiency, safety, and delivery capacity. With their enhanced safety and substantial cargo capacity, bacterial vectors offer significant potential across a variety of applications. In this review, we explore methods to engineer bacteria for nucleic acid delivery, including strategies such as engineering attenuated strains, lysis circuits, and conjugation machinery. Moreover, we explore pioneering techniques, such as manipulating nanoparticle (NP) coatings and outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), representing the next frontier in bacterial vector engineering. We foresee these advancements in bacteria-mediated nucleic acid delivery, through combining bacterial pathogenesis with engineering biology techniques, as a pivotal step forward in the evolution of nucleic acid delivery technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Heggie
- Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Teresa L M Thurston
- Centre for Bacterial Resistance Biology, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tom Ellis
- Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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2
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Liu K, Li Z, Li Q, Wang S, Curtiss R, Shi H. Salmonella typhimurium Vaccine Candidate Delivering Infectious Bronchitis Virus S1 Protein to Induce Protection. Biomolecules 2024; 14:133. [PMID: 38275762 PMCID: PMC10813627 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Infectious bronchitis (IB) is a highly infectious viral disease of chickens which causes significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. An effective vaccine against IB is urgently needed to provide both biosafety and high-efficiency immune protection. In this study, the S1 protein of the infectious bronchitis virus was delivered by a recombinant attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vector to form the vaccine candidate χ11246(pYA4545-S1). S. typhimurium χ11246 carried a sifA- mutation with regulated delayed systems, striking a balance between host safety and immunogenicity. Here, we demonstrated that S1 protein is highly expressed in HD11 cells. Immunization with χ11246(pYA4545-S1) induced the production of antibody and cytokine, leading to an effective immune response against IB. Oral immunization with χ11246(pYA4545-S1) provided 72%, 56%, and 56% protection in the lacrimal gland, trachea, and cloaca against infectious bronchitis virus infection, respectively. Furthermore, it significantly reduced histopathological lesions in chickens. Together, this study provides a new idea for the prevention of IB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaihui Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.L.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zewei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.L.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Quan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.L.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.W.)
| | - Roy Curtiss
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.W.)
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (K.L.); (Z.L.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University (JIRLAAPS), Yangzhou 225009, China
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3
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Zhang G, Fu Y, Li Y, Li Q, Wang S, Shi H. Oral Immunization with Attenuated Salmonella Choleraesuis Expressing the FedF Antigens Protects Mice against the Shiga-Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Challenge. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1726. [PMID: 38136597 PMCID: PMC10741478 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Edema disease (ED) is a severe and lethal infectious ailment in swine, stemming from Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). An efficient, user-friendly, and safe vaccine against ED is urgently required to improve animal welfare and decrease antibiotic consumption. Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASV) administered orally induce both humoral and mucosal immune responses to the immunizing antigen. Their potential for inducing protective immunity against ED is significant through the delivery of STEC antigens. rSC0016 represents an enhanced recombinant attenuated vaccine vector designed for Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis. It combines sopB mutations with a regulated delay system to strike a well-balanced equilibrium between host safety and immunogenicity. We generated recombinant vaccine strains, namely rSC0016 (pS-FedF) and rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA), and assessed their safety and immunogenicity in vivo. The findings demonstrated that the mouse models immunized with rSC0016 (pS-FedF) and rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA) generated substantial IgG antibody responses to FedF and rStx2eA, while also provoking robust mucosal and cellular immune responses against both FedF and rStx2eA. The protective impact of rSC0016 (pS-FedF) against Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli surpassed that of rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA), with percentages of 83.3%. These findings underscore that FedF has greater suitability for vaccine delivery via recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs). Overall, this study provides a promising candidate vaccine for infection with STEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yang Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yu’an Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Quan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880, USA;
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University (JIRLAAPS), Yangzhou 225009, China
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4
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Gruzdev N, Pitcovski J, Katz C, Ruimi N, Eliahu D, Noach C, Rosenzweig E, Finger A, Shahar E. Development of toxin-antitoxin self-destructive bacteria, aimed for salmonella vaccination. Vaccine 2023:S0264-410X(23)00777-6. [PMID: 37400285 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The most common source of foodborne Salmonella infection in humans is poultry eggs and meat, such that prevention of human infection is mostly achieved by vaccination of farm animals. While inactivated and attenuated vaccines are available, both present drawbacks. This study aimed to develop a novel vaccination strategy, which combines the effectiveness of live-attenuated and safety of inactivated vaccines by construction of inducible self-destructing bacteria utilizing toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems. Hok-Sok and CeaB-CeiB toxin-antitoxin systems were coupled with three induction systems aimed for activating cell killing upon lack of arabinose, anaerobic conditions or low concentration of metallic di-cations. The constructs were transformed into a pathogenic Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis strain and bacteria elimination was evaluated in vitro under specific activating conditions and in vivo following administration to chickens. Four constructs induced bacterial killing under the specified conditions, both in growth media and within macrophages. Cloacal swabs of all chicks orally administered transformed bacteria had no detectable levels of bacteria within 9 days of inoculation. By day ten, no bacteria were identified in the spleen and liver of most birds. Antibody immune response was raised toward TA carrying Salmonella which resembled response toward the wildtype bacteria. The constructs described in this study led to self-destruction of virulent Salmonella enteritidis both in vitro and in inoculated animals within a period which is sufficient for the induction of a protective immune response. This system may serve as a safe and effective live vaccine platform against Salmonella as well as other pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nady Gruzdev
- MIGAL Research Institute in the Galilee, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Jacob Pitcovski
- MIGAL Research Institute in the Galilee, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Tel-Hai Academic College, Upper Galilee, Israel
| | - Chen Katz
- MIGAL Research Institute in the Galilee, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Nili Ruimi
- MIGAL Research Institute in the Galilee, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Dalia Eliahu
- MIGAL Research Institute in the Galilee, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Ehud Shahar
- MIGAL Research Institute in the Galilee, Kiryat Shmona, Israel; Tel-Hai Academic College, Upper Galilee, Israel.
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Park JY, Hewawaduge C, Sivasankar C, Lloren KKS, Oh B, So MY, Lee JH. An mRNA-Based Multiple Antigenic Gene Expression System Delivered by Engineered Salmonella for Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome and Assessment of Its Immunogenicity and Protection Using a Human DC-SIGN-Transduced Mouse Model. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051339. [PMID: 37242581 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no commercial vaccines or therapeutics against severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) virus. This study explored an engineered Salmonella as a vaccine carrier to deliver a eukaryotic self-mRNA replicating vector, pJHL204. This vector expresses multiple SFTS virus antigenic genes for the nucleocapsid protein (NP), glycoprotein precursor (Gn/Gc), and nonstructural protein (NS) to induce host immune responses. The engineered constructs were designed and validated through 3D structure modeling. Western blot and qRT-PCR analyses of transformed HEK293T cells confirmed the delivery and expression of the vaccine antigens. Significantly, mice immunized with these constructs demonstrated a cell-mediated and humoral response as balanced Th1/Th2 immunity. The JOL2424 and JOL2425 delivering NP and Gn/Gc generated strong immunoglobulin IgG and IgM antibodies and high neutralizing titers. To further examine the immunogenicity and protection, we utilized a human DC-SIGN receptor transduced mouse model for SFTS virus infection by an adeno-associated viral vector system. Among the SFTSV antigen constructs, the construct with full-length NP and Gn/Gc and the construct with NP and selected Gn/Gc epitopes induced robust cellular and humoral immune responses. These were followed by adequate protection based on viral titer reduction and reduced histopathological lesions in the spleen and liver. In conclusion, these data indicate that recombinant attenuated Salmonella JOL2424 and JOL2425 delivering NP and Gn/Gc antigens of SFTSV are promising vaccine candidates that induce strong humoral and cellular immune responses and protection against SFTSV. Moreover, the data proved that the hDC-SIGN transduced mice as a worthy tool for immunogenicity study for SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Young Park
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Chamith Hewawaduge
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Chandran Sivasankar
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Khristine Kaith S Lloren
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Byungkwan Oh
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Young So
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea
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Constitutive Expression of a Cytotoxic Anticancer Protein in Tumor-Colonizing Bacteria. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051486. [PMID: 36900277 PMCID: PMC10000871 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cancer therapy is a promising next-generation modality to treat cancer that often uses tumor-colonizing bacteria to deliver cytotoxic anticancer proteins. However, the expression of cytotoxic anticancer proteins in bacteria that accumulate in the nontumoral reticuloendothelial system (RES), mainly the liver and spleen, is considered detrimental. This study examined the fate of the Escherichia coli strain MG1655 and an attenuated strain of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum (S. Gallinarum) with defective ppGpp synthesis after intravenous injection into tumor-bearing mice (~108 colony forming units/animal). Approximately 10% of the injected bacteria were detected initially in the RES, whereas approximately 0.01% were in tumor tissues. The bacteria in the tumor tissue proliferated vigorously to up to 109 colony forming units/g tissue, whereas those in the RES died off. RNA analysis revealed that tumor-associated E. coli activated rrnB operon genes encoding the rRNA building block of ribosome needed most during the exponential stage of growth, whereas those in the RES expressed substantially decreased levels of this gene and were cleared soon presumably by innate immune systems. Based on this finding, we engineered ΔppGpp S. Gallinarum to express constitutively a recombinant immunotoxin comprising TGFα and the Pseudomonas exotoxin A (PE38) using a constitutive exponential phase promoter, the ribosomal RNA promoter rrnB P1. The construct exerted anticancer effects on mice grafted with mouse colon (CT26) or breast (4T1) tumor cells without any notable adverse effects, suggesting that constitutive expression of cytotoxic anticancer protein from rrnB P1 occurred only in tumor tissue.
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Ghasemi A, Wang S, Sahay B, Abbott JR, Curtiss R. Protective immunity enhanced Salmonella vaccine vectors delivering Helicobacter pylori antigens reduce H. pylori stomach colonization in mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1034683. [PMID: 36466847 PMCID: PMC9716130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1034683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a major cause of gastric mucosal inflammation, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Emerging antimicrobial-resistant H. pylori has hampered the effective eradication of frequent chronic infections. Moreover, a safe vaccine is highly demanded due to the absence of effective vaccines against H. pylori. In this study, we employed a new innovative Protective Immunity Enhanced Salmonella Vaccine (PIESV) vector strain to deliver and express multiple H. pylori antigen genes. Immunization of mice with our vaccine delivering the HpaA, Hp-NAP, UreA and UreB antigens, provided sterile protection against H. pylori SS1 infection in 7 out of 10 tested mice. In comparison to the control groups that had received PBS or a PIESV carrying an empty vector, immunized mice exhibited specific and significant cellular recall responses and antigen-specific serum IgG1, IgG2c, total IgG and gastric IgA antibody titers. In conclusion, an improved S. Typhimurium-based live vaccine delivering four antigens shows promise as a safe and effective vaccine against H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ghasemi
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, FL, United States
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, FL, United States
| | - Bikash Sahay
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, FL, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Abbott
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Roy Curtiss
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, FL, United States
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Li YA, Sun Y, Zhang Y, Wang S, Shi H. Live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vector delivering a virus-like particles induces a protective immune response against porcine circovirus type 2 in mice. Vaccine 2022; 40:4732-4741. [PMID: 35773121 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The virus-like particles (VLPs) of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an attractive vaccine candidate that retains the natural conformation of the virion but lacks the viral genome to replicate, thus balancing safety and immunogenicity. However, the assembly of VLPs requires cumbersome subsequent processes, hindering the development of related vaccines. In addition, as a subunit antigen, VLPs are defective in inducing cellular and mucosal immune responses. In this study, the capsid (Cap) protein of PCV2 was synthesized and self-assembled into VLPs in the recombinant attenuated S. Choleraesuis vector, rSC0016(pS-Cap). Furthermore, rSC0016(pS-Cap) induced a Cap-specific Th1-dominant immune response, mucosal immune responses, and neutralizing antibodies against PCV2. Finally, the virus genome copies in mice immunized with the rSC0016(pS-Cap) were significantly lower than those of the empty vector control group after challenge with PCV2. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the potential of using S. Choleraesuis vectors to delivery VLPs, providing new ideas for the development of PCV2 vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-An Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanni Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yuqin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880, USA
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University (JIRLAAPS), Yangzhou, China.
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A triple-sugar regulated Salmonella vaccine protects against Clostridium perfringens-induced necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2021; 101:101592. [PMID: 34922043 PMCID: PMC8686071 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-positive Clostridium perfringens type G, the causative agent of necrotic enteritis (NE), has gained more attention in the poultry industry due to governmental restrictions on the use of growth-promoting antibiotics in poultry feed. Our previous work has proved that regulated delayed lysis Salmonella vaccines delivering a plasmid encoding an operon fusion of the nontoxic C-terminal adhesive part of alpha toxin and a GST-NetB toxin fusion were able to elicit significant protective immunity in broilers against C. perfringens challenge. We recently improved our S. Typhimurium antigen delivery vaccine strain by integrating a rhamnose-regulated O-antigen synthesis gene enabling a triple-sugar regulation system to control virulence, antigen-synthesis and lysis in vivo traits. The strain also includes a ΔsifA mutation that was previously shown to increase the immunogenicity of and level of protective immunity induced by Salmonella vectored influenza and Eimeria antigens. The new antigen-delivery vaccine vector system confers on the vaccine strain a safe profile and improved protection against C. perfringens challenge. The strain with the triple-sugar regulation system delivering a regulated lysis plasmid pG8R220 encoding the PlcC and GST-NetB antigens protected chickens at a similar level observed in antibiotic-treated chickens. Feed conversion and growth performance were also similar to antibiotic-treated chickens. These studies made use of a severe C. perfringens challenge with lesion formation and mortality enhanced by pre-exposure to Eimeria maxima oocysts. The vaccine achieved effectiveness through three different immunization routes, oral, spray and in drinking water. The vaccine has a potential for application in commercial hatcher and broiler-rearing conditions.
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10
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Kong W. Development of Antiviral Vaccine Utilizing Self-Destructing Salmonella for Antigen and DNA Vaccine Delivery. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2225:39-61. [PMID: 33108656 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1012-1_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines are the most effective means to prevent infectious diseases, especially for viral infection. The key to an excellent antiviral vaccine is the ability to induce long-term protective immunity against a specific virus. Bacterial vaccine vectors have been used to impart protection against self, as well as heterologous antigens. One significant benefit of using live bacterial vaccine vectors is their ability to invade and colonize deep effector lymphoid tissues after mucosal delivery. The bacterium Salmonella is considered the best at this deep colonization. This is critically essential for inducing protective immunity. This chapter describes the methodology for developing genetically modified self-destructing Salmonella (GMS) vaccine delivery systems targeting influenza infection. Specifically, the methods covered include the procedures for the development of GMSs for protective antigen delivery to induce cellular immune responses and DNA vaccine delivery to induce systemic immunity against the influenza virus. These self-destructing GMS could be modified to provide effective biological containment for genetically engineered bacteria used for a diversity of purposes in addition to vaccines.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/biosynthesis
- Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis
- Antigens, Viral/genetics
- Antigens, Viral/immunology
- Female
- Genes, Lethal
- Genetic Engineering/methods
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Immunity, Mucosal/drug effects
- Immunization/methods
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza, Human/immunology
- Influenza, Human/prevention & control
- Influenza, Human/virology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Nucleoproteins/genetics
- Nucleoproteins/immunology
- Organisms, Genetically Modified
- Plasmids/chemistry
- Plasmids/metabolism
- Salmonella typhimurium/genetics
- Salmonella typhimurium/immunology
- Transgenes
- Vaccines, DNA/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kong
- Center for Immunotherapy, Vaccines and Virotherapy, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.
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11
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Kong W, Wang X, Fields E, Okon B, Jenkins MC, Wilkins G, Brovold M, Golding T, Gonzales A, Golden G, Clark-Curtiss J, Curtiss R. Mucosal Delivery of a Self-destructing Salmonella-Based Vaccine Inducing Immunity Against Eimeria. Avian Dis 2020; 64:254-268. [PMID: 33112952 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-19-00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A programmed self-destructive Salmonella vaccine delivery system was developed to facilitate efficient colonization in host tissues that allows release of the bacterial cell contents after lysis to stimulate mucosal, systemic, and cellular immunities against a diversity of pathogens. Adoption and modification of these technological improvements could form part of an integrated strategy for cost-effective control and prevention of infectious diseases, including those caused by parasitic pathogens. Avian coccidiosis is a common poultry disease caused by Eimeria. Coccidiosis has been controlled by medicating feed with anticoccidial drugs or administering vaccines containing low doses of virulent or attenuated Eimeria oocysts. Problems of drug resistance and nonuniform administration of these Eimeria resulting in variable immunity are prompting efforts to develop recombinant Eimeria vaccines. In this study, we designed, constructed, and evaluated a self-destructing recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine (RASV) lysis strain synthesizing the Eimeria tenella SO7 antigen. We showed that the RASV lysis strain χ11791(pYA5293) with a ΔsifA mutation enabling escape from the Salmonella-containing vesicle (or endosome) successfully colonized chicken lymphoid tissues and induced strong mucosal and cell-mediated immunities, which are critically important for protection against Eimeria challenge. The results from animal clinical trials show that this vaccine strain significantly increased food conversion efficiency and protection against weight gain depression after challenge with 105E. tenella oocysts with concomitant decreased oocyst output. More importantly, the programmed regulated lysis feature designed into this RASV strain promotes bacterial self-clearance from the host, lessening persistence of vaccine strains in vivo and survival if excreted, which is a critically important advantage in a vaccine for livestock animals. Our approach should provide a safe, cost-effective, and efficacious vaccine to control coccidiosis upon addition of additional protective Eimeria antigens. These improved RASVs can also be modified for use to control other parasitic diseases infecting other animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kong
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Xiao Wang
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Emilia Fields
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Blessing Okon
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Mark C Jenkins
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705-2359
| | - Gary Wilkins
- Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, the Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705-2359
| | - Matthew Brovold
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Tiana Golding
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Amanda Gonzales
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Greg Golden
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
| | - Josephine Clark-Curtiss
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610
| | - Roy Curtiss
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401
- Department of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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12
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Gao X, Xu K, Yang G, Shi C, Huang H, Wang J, Yang W, Liu J, Liu Q, Kang Y, Jiang Y, Wang C. Construction of a novel DNA vaccine candidate targeting F gene of genotype VII Newcastle disease virus and chicken IL-18 delivered by Salmonella. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 126:1362-1372. [PMID: 30785663 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Genotype VII Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most epidemic and serious infectious diseases in the poultry industry. A novel vaccine targeting VII Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is still proving elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we constructed regulated delayed lysis Salmonella strains expressing either a fusion protein (F) alone under an eukaryotic CMV promoter or together with chicken IL-18 (chIL-18) as a molecular adjuvant under prokaryotic Ptrc promoter, named pYL1 and pYL23 respectively. Oral immunization with recombinant strains induced NDV-specific serum IgG antibodies in both pYL1- and pYL23-immunized chickens. The presence of chIL-18 significantly increased lymphocyte proliferation in immunized chickens, as well as the percentages of CD3+ CD4+ and CD3+ CD8+ T cells in serum, even if a statistically significant difference did not exist. After a virulent challenge, pYL23 immunization provided about 80% protection at day 10 postinfection, compared with 60% of protection offered by pYL1 immunization and 100% protection in the inactivated vaccine group, indicating the enhanced immune response provided by chIL-18, which was also confirmed by histochemical analysis. CONCLUSIONS Recombinant lysis Salmonella-vectored DNA vaccine could provide us a novel potential option for controlling NDV infection. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This study took use of a regulated delayed lysis Salmonella vector for the design of an orally administrated vaccine against NDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - K Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - G Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - C Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - H Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - W Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - J Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Q Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Y Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - C Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Provincial Engineering Research Center of Animal Probiotics, Key Laboratory of animal production and product quality safety of Ministry of Education, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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13
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Arora D, Sharma C, Jaglan S, Lichtfouse E. Live-Attenuated Bacterial Vectors for Delivery of Mucosal Vaccines, DNA Vaccines, and Cancer Immunotherapy. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY FOR A SUSTAINABLE WORLD 2019. [PMCID: PMC7123696 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01881-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines save millions of lives each year from various life-threatening infectious diseases, and there are more than 20 vaccines currently licensed for human use worldwide. Moreover, in recent decades immunotherapy has become the mainstream therapy, which highlights the tremendous potential of immune response mediators, including vaccines for prevention and treatment of various forms of cancer. However, despite the tremendous advances in microbiology and immunology, there are several vaccine preventable diseases which still lack effective vaccines. Classically, weakened forms (attenuated) of pathogenic microbes were used as vaccines. Although the attenuated microbes induce effective immune response, a significant risk of reversion to pathogenic forms remains. While in the twenty-first century, with the advent of genetic engineering, microbes can be tailored with desired properties. In this review, I have focused on the use of genetically modified bacteria for the delivery of vaccine antigens. More specifically, the live-attenuated bacteria, derived from pathogenic bacteria, possess many features that make them highly suitable vectors for the delivery of vaccine antigens. Bacteria can theoretically express any heterologous gene or can deliver mammalian expression vectors harboring vaccine antigens (DNA vaccines). These properties of live-attenuated microbes are being harnessed to make vaccines against several infectious and noninfectious diseases. In this regard, I have described the desired features of live-attenuated bacterial vectors and the mechanisms of immune responses manifested by live-attenuated bacterial vectors. Interestingly anaerobic bacteria are naturally attracted to tumors, which make them suitable vehicles to deliver tumor-associated antigens thus I have discussed important studies investigating the role of bacterial vectors in immunotherapy. Finally, I have provided important discussion on novel approaches for improvement and tailoring of live-attenuated bacterial vectors for the generation of desired immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Arora
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, CSIR, Jammu, India
| | - Chetan Sharma
- Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Science University, Ludhiana, Punjab India
| | - Sundeep Jaglan
- Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, CSIR, Jammu, India
| | - Eric Lichtfouse
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRA, Coll France, CEREGE, Aix en Provence, France
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14
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Oral Delivery of a DNA Vaccine Expressing the PrM and E Genes: A Promising Vaccine Strategy against Flavivirus in Ducks. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12360. [PMID: 30120326 PMCID: PMC6098003 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30258-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A flavivirus, named duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), emerged in China in 2010. This virus has caused great economic losses in the poultry industry in China and may pose a threat to public health. As a safe, efficient and convenient vaccine development strategy, DNA-based vaccines have become a popular approach for both human and veterinary applications. Attenuated bacteria have been widely used as vehicles to deliver heterologous antigens to the immune system. Thus, an efficient and low-cost oral delivery DNA vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-SME) based on envelope proteins (prM and E) of DTMUV and attenuated Salmonella typhimurium aroA- strain SL7207 was developed and evaluated in this study. The prM and E antigen proteins were successfully expressed from the vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-SME) both in vitro and in vivo. High titers of the specific antibody against the DTMUV-E protein and the neutralizing antibody against the DTMUV virus were both detected after vaccination with SL7207 (pVAX1-SME). Ducks orally vaccinated with the SL7207 (pVAX-SME) vaccine were efficiently protected from lethal DTMUV infection in this study. Taken together, we demonstrated that prM and E proteins of DTMUV possess strong immunogenicity against the DTMUV infection. Moreover, an oral delivery of the DNA vaccine SL7207 (pVAX1-SME) utilizing Salmonella SL7207 was an efficient way to protect the ducks against DTMUV infection and provides an economic and fast vaccine delivery strategy for a large-scale clinical use.
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15
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Conversion of RpoS - Attenuated Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Vaccine Strains to RpoS + Improves Their Resistance to Host Defense Barriers. mSphere 2018; 3:mSphere00006-18. [PMID: 29507892 PMCID: PMC5830471 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00006-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs) represent a unique prevention strategy to combating infectious disease because they utilize the ability of Salmonella to invade and colonize deep effector lymphoid tissues and deliver hetero- and homologous derived antigens at the lowest immunizing dose. Our recent clinical trial in human volunteers indicated that an RpoS+ derivative of Ty2 was better at inducing immune responses than its RpoS− counterpart. In this study, we demonstrate that a functional RpoS allele is beneficial for developing effective live attenuated vaccines against S. Typhi or in using S. Typhi as a recombinant attenuated vaccine vector to deliver other protective antigens. The vast majority of live attenuated typhoid vaccines are constructed from the Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi strain Ty2, which is devoid of a functioning alternative sigma factor, RpoS, due to the presence of a frameshift mutation. RpoS is a specialized sigma factor that plays an important role in the general stress response of a number of Gram-negative organisms, including Salmonella. Previous studies have demonstrated that this sigma factor is necessary for survival following exposure to acid, hydrogen peroxide, nutrient-limiting conditions, and starvation. In addition, studies with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and the mouse model of typhoid fever have shown that RpoS is important in colonization and survival within the infected murine host. We converted 4 clinically studied candidate typhoid vaccine strains derived from Ty2 [CVD908-htrA, Ty800, and χ9639(pYA3493)] and the licensed live typhoid vaccine Ty21a (also derived from Ty2) to RpoS+ and compared their abilities to withstand environmental stresses that may be encountered within the host to those of the RpoS− parent strains. The results of our study indicate that strains that contain a functional RpoS were better able to survive following stress and that they would be ideal for further development as safe, effective vaccines to prevent S. Typhi infections or as vectors in recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs) designed to protect against other infectious disease agents in humans. The S. Typhi strains constructed and described here will be made freely available upon request, as will the suicide vector used to convert rpoS mutants to RpoS+. IMPORTANCE Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs) represent a unique prevention strategy to combating infectious disease because they utilize the ability of Salmonella to invade and colonize deep effector lymphoid tissues and deliver hetero- and homologous derived antigens at the lowest immunizing dose. Our recent clinical trial in human volunteers indicated that an RpoS+ derivative of Ty2 was better at inducing immune responses than its RpoS− counterpart. In this study, we demonstrate that a functional RpoS allele is beneficial for developing effective live attenuated vaccines against S. Typhi or in using S. Typhi as a recombinant attenuated vaccine vector to deliver other protective antigens.
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16
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Clark-Curtiss JE, Curtiss R. Salmonella Vaccines: Conduits for Protective Antigens. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 200:39-48. [PMID: 29255088 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Vaccines afford a better and more cost-effective approach to combatting infectious diseases than continued reliance on antibiotics or antiviral or antiparasite drugs in the current era of increasing incidences of diseases caused by drug-resistant pathogens. Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs) have been significantly improved to exhibit the same or better attributes than wild-type parental strains to colonize internal lymphoid tissues and persist there to serve as factories to continuously synthesize and deliver rAgs. Encoded by codon-optimized pathogen genes, Ags are selected to induce protective immunity to infection by that pathogen. After immunization through a mucosal surface, the RASV attributes maximize their abilities to elicit mucosal and systemic Ab responses and cell-mediated immune responses. This article summarizes many of the numerous innovative technologies and discoveries that have resulted in RASV platforms that will enable development of safe efficacious RASVs to protect animals and humans against a diversity of infectious disease agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine E Clark-Curtiss
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610.,Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
| | - Roy Curtiss
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; and .,Department of Comparative, Diagnostic and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611
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17
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Tian P, Xu D, Huang Z, Meng F, Fu J, Wei H, Chen T. Evaluation of truncated G protein delivered by live attenuated Salmonella as a vaccine against respiratory syncytial virus. Microb Pathog 2018; 115:299-303. [PMID: 29306006 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.12.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 12/31/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause severe acute lower respiratory tract disease leading to numerous hospitalizations and deaths in the infant and elderly populations worldwide, while no vaccine or effective drug is available for RSV infections. In the present study, truncated G protein was successfully expressed both in prokaryotic and eukaryotic system, and high levels of serum IgG in response to truncated G protein were observed both in GD-protein group (intramuscularly with purified GD protein) and GD-VNP20009 group (challenged via the oral route with 1 × 109 CFU of pLIVE-RSV-GD-VNP20009 strains) since 21th day, and GD-VNP20009 significantly reduced the productions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, histamine and pathological features caused by the RSV Long strain (P < .01). Our data indicated that Salmonella typhimurium can be used to deliver truncated G DNA vaccine and represents a promising effect to protect host against RSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puyuan Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Di Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Zhixiang Huang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Fanjing Meng
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Jinheng Fu
- Jiangxi-OAI Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330047, PR China
| | - Hua Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China; Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, PR China.
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18
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Chen WZ, Li YM, Yu X, Li Y, Li WK, Wang QL, Liang AX, Li X, Yang LG, Han L. The efficacy, biodistribution and safety of an inhibin DNA vaccine delivered by attenuated Salmonella choleraesuis. Microb Biotechnol 2017; 11:248-256. [PMID: 29205848 PMCID: PMC5743813 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA vaccines, the third‐generation vaccines, were extensively studied. The attenuated Salmonella choleraesuis (S. choleraesuis) was widely focused as a carrier to deliver DNA vaccines in the chromosome–plasmid balanced‐lethal system. The efficacy of inhibin DNA vaccine delivered by attenuated S. choleraesuis was proved in mice and cows in our previous studies. In this study, the efficacy of inhibin DNA vaccine was confirmed in rhesus monkeys. To further study the biodistribution and safety, the mice were immunized under laboratory conditions. The results of the rhesus monkeys showed the plasma IgA and IgG titres against inhibin were elevated, and the oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) levels were increased with immunizing inhibin DNA vaccine. The biodistribution and safety assessment displayed the body weight, pathological change and haematology indexes where there is no significant difference between vaccinated mice and control. And the genomics analysis showed there was no integration of the inhibin gene into the mouse genome 2 months after immunization. This study indicated the inhibin DNA vaccine delivered by attenuated S. choleraesuis was safe. And this vaccine was a potential means to improve their reproductive traits in primates and other animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhen Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ying-Mei Li
- Tianjin Helaiente biological science and Technology Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 301709, China
| | - Xue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wen-Ke Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qing-Ling Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ai-Xin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li-Guo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Li Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Kocijancic D, Felgner S, Frahm M, Komoll RM, Iljazovic A, Pawar V, Rohde M, Heise U, Zimmermann K, Gunzer F, Hammer J, Crull K, Leschner S, Weiss S. Therapy of solid tumors using probiotic Symbioflor-2: restraints and potential. Oncotarget 2017; 7:22605-22. [PMID: 26981777 PMCID: PMC5008385 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, virulent bacteria remain the basis of most bacteria mediated cancer therapies. For clinical application attenuation is required. However, this might result in a drastically lowered therapeutic capacity. Herein we argue that the E. coli probiotic Symbioflor-2, with a history of safe application may constitute a viable tumor therapeutic candidate. We demonstrate that Symbioflor-2 displays a highly specific tumor targeting ability as determined in murine CT26 and RenCa tumor models. The excellent specificity was ascribed to reduced levels of adverse colonization. A high safety standard was demonstrated in WT and Rag1−/− mice. Thus, Symbioflor-2 may represent an ideal tumor targeting delivery system for therapeutic molecules. Moreover, Symbioflor-2 was capable of inducing CT26 tumor clearance as result of an adjuvant effect on tumor specific CD8+ T cells analogous to the Salmonella variant SL7207. However, lower therapeutic efficacy against RenCa tumors suggested a generally reduced therapeutic potency for probiotics. Interestingly, concurrent depletion of Gr-1+ or Ly6G+ cells installed therapeutic efficacy equal to SL7207, thus highlighting the role of innate effector cells in restraining the anti-tumor effects of Symbioflor-2. Collectively, our findings argue for a strategy of safe strain application and a more sustainable use of bacteria as a delivery system for therapeutic molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dino Kocijancic
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sebastian Felgner
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Frahm
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ronja-Melinda Komoll
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Aida Iljazovic
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Vinay Pawar
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Manfred Rohde
- Central Facility for Microscopy, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ulrike Heise
- Mouse-Pathology Service Unit, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | | | - Florian Gunzer
- Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Juliane Hammer
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Katja Crull
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Sara Leschner
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weiss
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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20
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Kamble NM, Hyoung KJ, Lee JH. Live-attenuated auxotrophic mutant of Salmonella Typhimurium expressing immunogenic HA1 protein enhances immunity and protective efficacy against H1N1 influenza virus infection. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:739-752. [PMID: 28594235 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2016-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the efficacy of attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium (JOL912) as a live bacterial vaccine vector. MATERIALS & METHODS The JOL912 engineered to deliver HA1 protein from influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (H1N1; PR8) virus was coined as JOL1635 and further evaluated for immunogenicity and protective efficacy. RESULTS The JOL1635 stably harbored the HA1 gene within pMMP65 plasmid with periplasmic expression and effective delivery of HA1 protein to RAW264.7 cells. The JOL1635 immunized chickens showed the significant increase in HA1-specific IgG, sIgA antibody, IFN-γ, IL-6 cytokine and cellular immune responses. The postoral challenge, the JOL1635-immunized chickens showed a faster clearance of PR8 virus cloacal shedding than the control group. CONCLUSION Generated JOL1635 can establish specific immunogenicity and protection against the PR8 virus in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Machindra Kamble
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Jeonju 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Kim Je Hyoung
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Jeonju 570-752, Republic of Korea
| | - John Hwa Lee
- Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan Campus, Jeonju 570-752, Republic of Korea
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21
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Hajam IA, Lee JH. An Influenza HA and M2e Based Vaccine Delivered by a Novel Attenuated Salmonella Mutant Protects Mice against Homologous H1N1 Infection. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:872. [PMID: 28555133 PMCID: PMC5430049 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Attenuated Salmonella strains constitute a promising technology for the development of a more efficient multivalent protein based vaccines. In this study, we constructed a novel attenuated strain of Salmonella for the delivery and expression of the H1N1 hemagglutinin (HA) and the conserved extracellular domain of the matrix protein 2 (M2e). We demonstrated that the constructed Salmonella strain exhibited efficient HA and M2e protein expressions and little cytotoxicity and pathogenicity in mice. Using BALB/c mice as the model, we showed that the mice vaccinated with a Salmonella strain expressing HA and M2e protein antigens, respectively, induced significant production of HA and M2e-specific serum IgG1 and IgG2a responses, and of anti-HA interferon-γ producing T cells. Furthermore, immunization with Salmonella-HA-M2e-based vaccine via different routes provided protection in 66.66% orally, 100% intramuscularly, and 100% intraperitoneally immunized mice against the homologous H1N1 virus while none of the animals survived treated with either the PBS or the Salmonella carrying empty expression vector. Ex vivo stimulated dendritic cells (DCs) with heat killed Salmonella expressing HA demonstrated that DCs play an important role in the elicitation of HA-specific humoral immune responses in mice. In summary, Salmonella-HA-M2e-based vaccine elicits efficient antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses, and provides significant immune protection against a highly pathogenic H1N1 influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad A Hajam
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National UniversityIksan, South Korea
| | - John H Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Chonbuk National UniversityIksan, South Korea
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22
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Felgner S, Kocijancic D, Frahm M, Weiss S. Bacteria in Cancer Therapy: Renaissance of an Old Concept. Int J Microbiol 2016; 2016:8451728. [PMID: 27051423 PMCID: PMC4802035 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8451728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising incidence of cancer cases worldwide generates an urgent need of novel treatment options. Applying bacteria may represent a valuable therapeutic variant that is intensively investigated nowadays. Interestingly, the idea to apply bacteria wittingly or unwittingly dates back to ancient times and was revived in the 19th century mainly by the pioneer William Coley. This review summarizes and compares the results of the past 150 years in bacteria mediated tumor therapy from preclinical to clinical studies. Lessons we have learned from the past provide a solid foundation on which to base future efforts. In this regard, several perspectives are discussed by which bacteria in addition to their intrinsic antitumor effect can be used as vector systems that shuttle therapeutic compounds into the tumor. Strategic solutions like these provide a sound and more apt exploitation of bacteria that may overcome limitations of conventional therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Felgner
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Dino Kocijancic
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Frahm
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Siegfried Weiss
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Liu X, Liu Q, Xiao K, Li P, Liu Q, Zhao X, Kong Q. Attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium delivery of a novel DNA vaccine induces immune responses and provides protection against duck enteritis virus. Vet Microbiol 2016; 186:189-98. [PMID: 27016773 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
DNA vaccines are widely used to prevent and treat infectious diseases, cancer and autoimmune diseases; however, their relatively low immunogenicity is an obstacle to their use. In this study, we constructed a novel and universal DNA vaccine vector (pSS898) that can be used to build DNA vaccines against duck enteritis virus (DEV) and other viruses that require DNA vaccines to provide protection. This vaccine vector has many advantages, including innate immunogenicity, efficient nuclear trafficking and resistance to attack from nucleases. UL24 and tgB from DEV were chosen as the antigens, and the heat labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB) from Escherichia coli and the IL-2 gene (DuIL-2) from duck were used as adjuvants for the construction of DNA vaccine plasmids. Ducklings that were orally immunized with S739 (Salmonella Typhimurium Δasd-66 Δcrp-24 Δcya-25) and harboring these DEV DNA vaccines produced strong mucosal and systemic immune responses, and they resisted an otherwise lethal DEV challenge. More importantly, S739 (UL24-LTB) provided 90% protection after a priming-boost immunization. This study shows that our novel and universal DNA vaccine vector can be used efficiently in practical applications and may provide a promising method of orally inoculating ducks with a DEV DNA vaccine delivered by attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium for prevention of DVE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qing Liu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Kangpeng Xiao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Pei Li
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China
| | - Qingke Kong
- Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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Jiang Y, Mo H, Willingham C, Wang S, Park JY, Kong W, Roland KL, Curtiss R. Protection Against Necrotic Enteritis in Broiler Chickens by Regulated Delayed Lysis Salmonella Vaccines. Avian Dis 2016; 59:475-85. [PMID: 26629620 DOI: 10.1637/11094-041715-reg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Necrotic enteritis (NE), caused by Gram-positive Clostridium perfringens type A strains, has gained more attention in the broiler industry due to governmental restrictions affecting the use of growth-promoting antibiotics in feed. To date, there is only one commercial NE vaccine available, based on the C. perfringens alpha toxin. However, recent work has suggested that the NetB toxin, not alpha toxin, is the most critical virulence factor for causing NE. These findings notwithstanding, it is clear from prior research that immune responses against both toxins can provide some protection against NE. In this study, we delivered a carboxyl-terminal fragment of alpha toxin and a GST-NetB fusion protein using a novel attenuated Salmonella vaccine strain designed to lyse after 6-10 rounds of replication in the chicken host. We immunized birds with vaccine strains producing each protein individually, a mixture of the two strains, or with a single vaccine strain that produced both proteins. Immunization with strains producing either of the single proteins was not protective, but immunization with a mixture of the two or with a single strain producing both proteins resulted in protective immunity. The vaccine strain synthesizing both PlcC and GST-NetB was able to elicit strong production of intestinal IgA, IgY, and IgM antibodies and significantly protect broilers against C. perfringens challenge against both mild and severe challenges. Although not part of our experimental plan, the broiler chicks we obtained for these studies were apparently contaminated during transit from the hatchery with group D Salmonella. Despite this drawback, the vaccines worked well, indicating applicability to real-world conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlong Jiang
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Hua Mo
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Crystal Willingham
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Shifeng Wang
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Jie-Yeun Park
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Wei Kong
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Kenneth L Roland
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
| | - Roy Curtiss
- A Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287.,B School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287
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25
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Rubinelli PM, Lee SI, Roto SM, Park SH, Ricke SC. Regulated expression of virulence gene mviN provides protective immunity and colonization control of Salmonella in poultry. Vaccine 2015; 33:5365-5370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Pei Z, Jiang X, Yang Z, Ren X, Gong H, Reeves M, Sheng J, Wang Y, Pan Z, Liu F, Wu J, Lu S. Oral Delivery of a Novel Attenuated Salmonella Vaccine Expressing Influenza A Virus Proteins Protects Mice against H5N1 and H1N1 Viral Infection. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129276. [PMID: 26083421 PMCID: PMC4471199 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Attenuated strains of invasive enteric bacteria, such as Salmonella, represent promising gene delivery agents for nucleic acid-based vaccines as they can be administrated orally. In this study, we constructed a novel attenuated strain of Salmonella for the delivery and expression of the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) of a highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus. We showed that the constructed Salmonella strain exhibited efficient gene transfer activity for HA and NA expression and little cytotoxicity and pathogenicity in mice. Using BALB/c mice as the model, we evaluated the immune responses and protection induced by the constructed Salmonella-based vaccine. Our study showed that the Salmonella-based vaccine induced significant production of anti-HA serum IgG and mucosal IgA, and of anti-HA interferon-γ producing T cells in orally vaccinated mice. Furthermore, mice orally vaccinated with the Salmonella vaccine expressing viral HA and NA proteins were completely protected from lethal challenge of highly pathogenic H5N1 as well as H1N1 influenza viruses while none of the animals treated with the Salmonella vaccine carrying the empty expression vector with no viral antigen expression was protected. These results suggest that the Salmonella-based vaccine elicits strong antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses and provides effective immune protection against multiple strains of influenza viruses. Furthermore, our study demonstrates the feasibility of developing novel attenuated Salmonella strains as new oral vaccine vectors against influenza viruses.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Female
- Gene Transfer Techniques
- Hemagglutinins/genetics
- Hemagglutinins/immunology
- Immunity, Cellular
- Immunity, Humoral
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Neuraminidase/genetics
- Neuraminidase/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/immunology
- Orthomyxoviridae Infections/prevention & control
- Salmonella Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Salmonella Vaccines/genetics
- Salmonella Vaccines/immunology
- Salmonella Vaccines/therapeutic use
- Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage
- Vaccines, Attenuated/genetics
- Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology
- Vaccines, Attenuated/therapeutic use
- Viral Proteins/genetics
- Viral Proteins/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Zenglin Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Zhu Yang
- Taizhou Institute of Virology, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Affynigen Biotechnologies, Inc., Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoguang Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Gong
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Reeves
- Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Jingxue Sheng
- Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Yu Wang
- Taizhou Institute of Virology, Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Affynigen Biotechnologies, Inc., Taizhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zishu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Fenyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Jianguo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Sangwei Lu
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Program in Comparative Biochemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
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27
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Nahampun HN, Bosworth B, Cunnick J, Mogler M, Wang K. Expression of H3N2 nucleoprotein in maize seeds and immunogenicity in mice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2015; 34:969-80. [PMID: 25677970 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-015-1758-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration of maize-expressed H3N2 nucleoprotein induced antibody responses in mice showing the immunogenicity of plant-derived antigen and its potential to be utilized as a universal flu vaccine. Influenza A viruses cause influenza epidemics that are devastating to humans and livestock. The vaccine for influenza needs to be reformulated every year to match the circulating strains due to virus mutation. Influenza virus nucleoprotein (NP) is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein that is highly conserved among strains, making it a potential candidate for a universal vaccine. In this study, the NP gene of H3N2 swine origin influenza virus was expressed in maize endosperm. Twelve transgenic maize lines were generated and analyzed for recombinant NP (rNP) expression. Transcript analysis showed the main accumulation of rNP in seed. Protein level of rNP in T1 transgenic maize seeds ranged from 8.0 to 35 µg of NP/g of corn seed. The level increased up to 70 µg of NP/g in T3 seeds. A mouse study was performed to test the immunogenicity of one line of maize-derived rNP (MNP). Mice were immunized with MNP in a prime-boost design. Oral gavage administration showed that a humoral immune response was elicited in the mice treated with MNP indicating the immunogenicity of MNP. NP-specific antibody responses in the MNP group showed comparable antibody titer with the groups receiving positive controls such as Vero cell-derived NP (VNP) or alphavirus replicon particle-derived NP (ANP). Cytokine analysis showed antigen-specific stimulation of IL-4 cytokine elicited in splenocytes from mice treated with MNP further confirming a TH2 humoral immune response induced by MNP administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartinio N Nahampun
- Interdepartmental Plant Biology Major, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50011-1010, USA
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28
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da Silva AJ, Zangirolami TC, Novo-Mansur MTM, Giordano RDC, Martins EAL. Live bacterial vaccine vectors: an overview. Braz J Microbiol 2015; 45:1117-29. [PMID: 25763014 PMCID: PMC4323283 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822014000400001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetically attenuated microorganisms, pathogens, and some commensal bacteria can be engineered to deliver recombinant heterologous antigens to stimulate the host immune system, while still offering good levels of safety. A key feature of these live vectors is their capacity to stimulate mucosal as well as humoral and/or cellular systemic immunity. This enables the use of different forms of vaccination to prevent pathogen colonization of mucosal tissues, the front door for many infectious agents. Furthermore, delivery of DNA vaccines and immune system stimulatory molecules, such as cytokines, can be achieved using these special carriers, whose adjuvant properties and, sometimes, invasive capacities enhance the immune response. More recently, the unique features and versatility of these vectors have also been exploited to develop anti-cancer vaccines, where tumor-associated antigens, cytokines, and DNA or RNA molecules are delivered. Different strategies and genetic tools are constantly being developed, increasing the antigenic potential of agents delivered by these systems, opening fresh perspectives for the deployment of vehicles for new purposes. Here we summarize the main characteristics of the different types of live bacterial vectors and discuss new applications of these delivery systems in the field of vaccinology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson José da Silva
- Departamento de Engenharia Química Universidade Federal de São Carlos São CarlosSP Brazil Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Teresa Cristina Zangirolami
- Departamento de Engenharia Química Universidade Federal de São Carlos São CarlosSP Brazil Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Marques Novo-Mansur
- Departamento de Genética e Evolução Universidade Federal de São Carlos São CarlosSP Brazil Departamento de Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Roberto de Campos Giordano
- Departamento de Engenharia Química Universidade Federal de São Carlos São CarlosSP Brazil Departamento de Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Angélica Leme Martins
- Centro de Biotecnologia Instituto Butantan São PauloSP Brazil Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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29
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Abstract
This chapter reviews papers mostly written since 2005 that report results using live attenuated bacterial vectors to deliver after administration through mucosal surfaces, protective antigens, and DNA vaccines, encoding protective antigens to induce immune responses and/or protective immunity to pathogens that colonize on or invade through mucosal surfaces. Papers that report use of such vaccine vector systems for parenteral vaccination or to deal with nonmucosal pathogens or do not address induction of mucosal antibody and/or cellular immune responses are not reviewed.
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30
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Wang W, Huang B, Jiang T, Wang X, Qi X, Tan W, Ruan L. Maximal immune response and cross protection by influenza virus nucleoprotein derived from E. coli using an optimized formulation. Virology 2014; 468-470:265-273. [PMID: 25213406 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2014.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved internal nucleoprotein (NP) is a promising antigen to develop a universal influenza A virus vaccine. In this study, mice were injected intramuscularly with Escherichia coli-derived NP protein alone or in combination with adjuvant alum (Al(OH)3), CpG or both. The results showed that the NP protein formulated with adjuvant was effective in inducing a protective immune response. Additionally, the adjuvant efficacy of Al(OH)3 was stronger than that of CpG. Optimal immune responses were observed in BALB/c mice immunized with a combination of NP protein plus Al(OH)3 and CpG. These mice also showed maximal resistance following challenge with influenza A virus PR8 strain. Most importantly, 10 µg NP formulated with Al(OH)3 and CpG induced higher protection than did 90 µg NP. These findings indicated that a combination of Al(OH)3 and CpG may be an efficient adjuvant in the NP formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenling Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Baoying Huang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiuping Wang
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xiangrong Qi
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Wenjie Tan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Li Ruan
- National Institute for Viral Disease Control & Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), 155# Chang Bai Road, Chang Ping District, Beijing 102206, China.
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31
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Assadian F, Nikbakht G, Niazi S, Khaltabadi RF, Jahantigh M. Immune responses to oral and IM administration of M2e-Hsp70 construct. Vet Res Commun 2014; 38:157-63. [DOI: 10.1007/s11259-014-9599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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32
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Liang A, Riaz H, Dong F, Luo X, Yu X, Han Y, Chong Z, Han L, Guo A, Yang L. Evaluation of efficacy, biodistribution and safety of antibiotic-free plasmid encoding somatostatin genes delivered by attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis. Vaccine 2014; 32:1368-74. [PMID: 24486312 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We describe here a balanced-lethal system using an Asd(+) expression plasmid pVGS/2SS-asd encoding two copies of somatostatin (SS) genes carried by Δasd/Δcrp double mutant Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis (named C501). The advantage of this novel system is the use of asd (aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase) gene as selection marker to replace the antibiotic resistance markers, thus eliminating the industrial cultivation and environmental problems. We then evaluated the efficacy, biodistribution and safety of antibiotic-free plasmid delivered by strains C501. Mice orally immunized with C501 (pVGS/2SS-asd) had significantly higher levels of anti-SS total IgG and IgA antibodies than control mice and demonstrated a bias toward Th2-associated responses (IgG1/IgG2a ratio>1). Safety evaluation indicated that vaccinated mice displayed no abnormal clinical signs and histological changes. Biodistribution result revealed that the GS/2SS message was detected in several examined tissues with the exception of ovary and brain, but was rapidly cleared from the body (approximately 10 days). Furthermore, the risk of integration of plasmid pVGS/2SS-asd into the host cellular genome was considered to be negligible. These results may have important implications for the use of vaccine strain C501 (pVGS/2SS-asd) in domestic animals and prompt new perspectives on the safety of DNA vaccines delivered by attenuated bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aixin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hasan Riaz
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Fangxiao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Xue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Yanguo Han
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhenlu Chong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Liguo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China.
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Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae still causes severe morbidity and mortality worldwide, especially in young children and the elderly. Much effort has been dedicated to developing protein-based universal vaccines to conquer the current shortcomings of capsular vaccines and capsular conjugate vaccines, such as serotype replacement, limited coverage and high costs. A recombinant live vector vaccine delivering protective antigens is a promising way to achieve this goal. In this review, we discuss the researches using live recombinant vaccines, mainly live attenuated Salmonella and lactic acid bacteria, to deliver pneumococcal antigens. We also discuss both the limitations and the future of these vaccines.
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Vaccine-induced boosting of influenza virus-specific CD4 T cells in younger and aged humans. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77164. [PMID: 24155927 PMCID: PMC3796569 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Current yearly influenza virus vaccines induce strain-specific neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses providing protective immunity to closely matched viruses. However, these vaccines are often poorly effective in high-risk groups such as the elderly and challenges exist in predicting yearly or emerging pandemic influenza virus strains to include in the vaccines. Thus, there has been considerable emphasis on understanding broadly protective immunological mechanisms for influenza virus. Recent studies have implicated memory CD4 T cells in heterotypic immunity in animal models and in human challenge studies. Here we examined how influenza virus vaccination boosted CD4 T cell responses in younger versus aged humans. Our results demonstrate that while the magnitude of the vaccine-induced CD4 T cell response and number of subjects responding on day 7 did not differ between younger and aged subjects, fewer aged subjects had peak responses on day 14. While CD4 T cell responses were inefficiently boosted against NA, both HA and especially nucleocaspid protein- and matrix-(NP+M) specific responses were robustly boosted. Pre-existing CD4 T cell responses were associated with more robust responses to influenza virus NP+M, but not H1 or H3. Finally pre-existing strain-specific NAb decreased the boosting of CD4 T cell responses. Thus, accumulation of pre-existing influenza virus-specific immunity in the form of NAb and cross-reactive T cells to conserved virus proteins (e.g. NP and M) over a lifetime of exposure to infection and vaccination may influence vaccine-induced CD4 T cell responses in the aged.
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35
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Influenza virus specific CD8⁺ T cells exacerbate infection following high dose influenza challenge of aged mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:876314. [PMID: 24187666 PMCID: PMC3800650 DOI: 10.1155/2013/876314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Revised: 06/03/2013] [Accepted: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses cause severe illnesses and death, mainly in the aged population. Protection afforded by licensed vaccines through subtype-specific neutralizing antibodies is incomplete, especially when the vaccine antigens fail to closely match those of the circulating viral strains. Efforts are underway to generate a so-called universal influenza vaccine expressing conserved viral sequences that induce broad protection to multiple strains of influenza virus through the induction of CD8+ T cells. Here we assess the effect of a potent antiviral CD8+ T cell response on influenza virus infection of young and aged mice. Our results show that CD8+ T cell-inducing vaccines can provide some protection to young mice, but they exacerbate influenza virus-associated disease in aged mice, causing extensive lung pathology and death.
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36
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Kong W, Clark-Curtiss J, Curtiss R. Utilizing Salmonella for antigen delivery: the aims and benefits of bacterial delivered vaccination. Expert Rev Vaccines 2013; 12:345-7. [PMID: 23560914 DOI: 10.1586/erv.13.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Shehata AA, Sultan H, Hafez HM, Krüger M. Safety and efficacy of a metabolic drift live attenuated Salmonella Gallinarum vaccine against fowl typhoid. Avian Dis 2013; 57:29-35. [PMID: 23678726 DOI: 10.1637/10287-062112-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Fowl typhoid (FT), a systemic disease that results in septicemia in poultry, is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum (SG). Mortality and morbidity rates from FT can reach up to 80%. Attenuated live Salmonella vaccine candidates have received considerable attention because they confer solid immunity, and they can produce systemic and mucosal immunity in the gut when administered orally. In the present study, five metabolic drift (MD) mutants with a single-(designated SG-Rif1, SG-Sm6) or double-attenuating marker (designated SG-Rif1-Sm4, SG-Sm6-Rif10, and SG-Rif1-Sm10) were isolated. The relative colony sizes to wild-type strain after 24 hr at 37 C incubation were 50%, 40%, 30%, 30%, and 20%, respectively. The probability of a back mutation can almost be excluded because the reduced colony sizes were stable after at least 50 passages on culture media. The safety and immunogenicity were evaluated in susceptible 1-day-old commercial layer chickens. After oral administration of 10(8) colony-forming units (CFU), all developed MD mutants proved to be safe and did not cause death of any infected birds during 15 days postvaccination, whereas chickens receiving 10(6) CFU SG wild-type strain showed a high mortality rate (40%). Vaccination of commercial layer chicks with SG-Rif1, SG-Sm6, SG-Rif1-Sm4, and SG-Sm6-Rif10 MD mutants could protect chickens against challenge by homologous wild-type strain; however, SG-Rif1-Sm10 could not protect against challenge, indicating hyperattenuation. In conclusion, vaccination with SG MD mutant vaccine appears to be safe and offers protection against FT in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awad Ali Shehata
- Institute of Bacteriology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Leipzig University, An den Tierkliniken 29, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
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Qiu L, Wang X, Hao H, Mu G, Dang R, Wang J, Zhang S, Du E, Yang Z. Oral administration of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium containing a DNA vaccine against rabbit haemorrhagic disease. J Virol Methods 2012; 188:108-13. [PMID: 23270916 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The use of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium as a bactofection vehicle for the oral delivery of a DNA vaccine against rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) was investigated. The DNA vaccine plasmid pcDNA3.1-VP60, which encodes the viral capsid protein VP60, was transformed into the attenuated S. typhimurium strain SL7207. The resulting recombinant bacteria, named as SL/pcDNA3.1-VP60, were orally used to immunise rabbits. The successful delivery of the DNA plasmid was confirmed by the detected VP60 transcription in the rabbit intestines through the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, the RHDV-specific humoral and cell-mediated immune response that was induced by SL/pcDNA3.1-VP60 was detected by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as well as the assays for T lymphocyte proliferation and cytokines secretion. The significant protection of immunised rabbits against the RHDV strain XA/China/2010 at 42 d post-immunisation was demonstrated. This study is the first report about the efficient usage of attenuated Salmonella as a live vector for the oral delivery of a DNA vaccine against RHDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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Luo J, Zheng D, Zhang W, Fang F, Wang H, Sun Y, Ding Y, Xu C, Chen Q, Zhang H, Huang D, Sun B, Chen Z. Induction of cross-protection against influenza A virus by DNA prime-intranasal protein boost strategy based on nucleoprotein. Virol J 2012; 9:286. [PMID: 23173785 PMCID: PMC3511278 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-9-286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The highly conserved nucleoprotein (NP) is an internal protein of influenza virus and is capable of inducing cross-protective immunity against different influenza A viruses, making it a main target of universal influenza vaccine. In current study, we characterized the immune response induced by DNA prime-intranasal protein boost strategy based on NP (A/PR/8/34, H1N1) in mouse model, and evaluated its protection ability against a lethal dose challenge of influenza virus. RESULTS The intranasal boost with recombinant NP (rNP) protein could effectively enhance the pre-immune response induced by the NP DNA vaccine in mice. Compared to the vaccination with NP DNA or rNP protein alone, the prime-boost strategy increased the level of NP specific serum antibody, enhanced the T cell immune response, and relatively induced more mucosal IgA antibody. The overall immune response induced by this heterologous prime-boost regimen was Th-1-biased. Furthermore, the immune response in mice induced by this strategy provided not only protection against the homologous virus but also cross-protection against a heterosubtypic H9N2 strain. CONCLUSIONS The NP DNA prime-intranasal protein boost strategy may provide an effective strategy for universal influenza vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Luo
- Shanghai Institute of Biological Products, Shanghai 200052, China
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40
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Kong W, Brovold M, Koeneman BA, Clark-Curtiss J, Curtiss R. Turning self-destructing Salmonella into a universal DNA vaccine delivery platform. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012; 109:19414-9. [PMID: 23129620 PMCID: PMC3511069 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1217554109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously developed a biological containment system using recombinant Salmonella Typhimurium strains that are attenuated yet capable of synthesizing protective antigens. The regulated delayed attenuation and programmed self-destructing features designed into these S. Typhimurium strains enable them to efficiently colonize host tissues and allow release of the bacterial cell contents after lysis. To turn such a recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine (RASV) strain into a universal DNA vaccine-delivery vehicle, our approach was to genetically modify RASV strains to display a hyperinvasive phenotype to maximize Salmonella host entry and host cell internalization, to enable Salmonella endosomal escape to release a DNA vaccine into the cytosol, and to decrease Salmonella-induced pyroptosis/apoptosis that allows the DNA vaccine time to traffic to the nucleus for efficient synthesis of encoded protective antigens. A DNA vaccine vector that encodes a domain that contributes to the arabinose-regulated lysis phenotype but has a eukaryotic promoter was constructed. The vector was then improved by insertion of multiple DNA nuclear-targeting sequences for efficient nuclear trafficking and gene expression, and by increasing nuclease resistance to protect the plasmid from host degradation. A DNA vaccine encoding influenza WSN virus HA antigen delivered by the RASV strain with the best genetic attributes induced complete protection to mice against a lethal influenza virus challenge. Adoption of these technological improvements will revolutionize means for effective delivery of DNA vaccines to stimulate mucosal, systemic, and cellular protective immunities, and lead to a paradigm shift in cost-effective control and prevention of a diversity of diseases.
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MESH Headings
- Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
- Animals
- Antibodies, Bacterial/immunology
- Antibody Formation/immunology
- Apoptosis
- Base Sequence
- Deoxyribonucleases/metabolism
- Gene Transfer Techniques
- Genes, Bacterial/genetics
- Genetic Engineering
- Genetic Vectors/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Immunization
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Plasmids/genetics
- Salmonella/genetics
- Salmonella/immunology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal/immunology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal/microbiology
- Salmonella Infections, Animal/prevention & control
- Salmonella Vaccines/immunology
- Vaccines, Attenuated/immunology
- Vaccines, DNA/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kong
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology at the Biodesign Institute, and
| | - Matthew Brovold
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology at the Biodesign Institute, and
| | | | - Josephine Clark-Curtiss
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology at the Biodesign Institute, and
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401; and
| | - Roy Curtiss
- Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology at the Biodesign Institute, and
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-5401; and
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41
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New technologies in developing recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine vectors. Microb Pathog 2012; 58:17-28. [PMID: 23142647 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2012.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 10/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccine (RASV) vectors producing recombinant gene-encoded protective antigens should have special traits. These features ensure that the vaccines survive stresses encountered in the gastrointestinal tract following oral vaccination to colonize lymphoid tissues without causing disease symptoms and to result in induction of long-lasting protective immune responses. We recently described ways to achieve these goals by using regulated delayed in vivo attenuation and regulated delayed in vivo antigen synthesis, enabling RASVs to efficiently colonize effector lymphoid tissues and to serve as factories to synthesize protective antigens that induce higher protective immune responses. We also developed some additional new strategies to increase vaccine safety and efficiency. Modification of lipid A can reduce the inflammatory responses without compromising the vaccine efficiency. Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Salmonella-containing heterologous protective antigens can be used to increase vaccine efficiency. A dual-plasmid system, possessing Asd+ and DadB+ selection markers, each specifying a different protective antigen, can be used to develop multivalent live vaccines. These new technologies have been adopted to develop a novel, low-cost RASV synthesizing multiple protective pneumococcal protein antigens that could be safe for newborns/infants and induce protective immunity to diverse Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes after oral immunization.
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Zheng SY, Yu B, Zhang K, Chen M, Hua YH, Yuan S, Watt RM, Zheng BJ, Yuen KY, Huang JD. Comparative immunological evaluation of recombinant Salmonella Typhimurium strains expressing model antigens as live oral vaccines. BMC Immunol 2012; 13:54. [PMID: 23013063 PMCID: PMC3503649 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2172-13-54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite the development of various systems to generate live recombinant Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine strains, little work has been performed to systematically evaluate and compare their relative immunogenicity. Such information would provide invaluable guidance for the future rational design of live recombinant Salmonella oral vaccines. Result To compare vaccine strains encoded with different antigen delivery and expression strategies, a series of recombinant Salmonella Typhimurium strains were constructed that expressed either the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) or a fragment of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein from the H5N1 influenza virus, as model antigens. The antigens were expressed from the chromosome, from high or low-copy plasmids, or encoded on a eukaryotic expression plasmid. Antigens were targeted for expression in either the cytoplasm or the outer membrane. Combinations of strategies were employed to evaluate the efficacy of combined delivery/expression approaches. After investigating in vitro and in vivo antigen expression, growth and infection abilities; the immunogenicity of the constructed recombinant Salmonella strains was evaluated in mice. Using the soluble model antigen EGFP, our results indicated that vaccine strains with high and stable antigen expression exhibited high B cell responses, whilst eukaryotic expression or colonization with good construct stability was critical for T cell responses. For the insoluble model antigen HA, an outer membrane expression strategy induced better B cell and T cell responses than a cytoplasmic strategy. Most notably, the combination of two different expression strategies did not increase the immune response elicited. Conclusion Through systematically evaluating and comparing the immunogenicity of the constructed recombinant Salmonella strains in mice, we identified their respective advantages and deleterious or synergistic effects. Different construction strategies were optimally-required for soluble versus insoluble forms of the protein antigens. If an antigen, such as EGFP, is soluble and expressed at high levels, a low-copy plasmid-cytoplasmic expression strategy is recommended; since it provokes the highest B cell responses and also induces good T cell responses. If a T cell response is preferred, a eukaryotic expression plasmid or a chromosome-based, cytoplasmic-expression strategy is more effective. For insoluble antigens such as HA, an outer membrane expression strategy is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-yue Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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