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Wang D, Yu P, She R, Wang K. Protective effects of rabbit sacculus-derived antimicrobial peptides on SPF chicken against infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103797. [PMID: 38713990 PMCID: PMC11091692 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies here have demonstrated that the rabbit sacculus rotundus-derived antimicrobial peptides (RSRP) could alter the intestinal mucosal immune responses in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens, however, the protective effects of RSRP on chickens against infection remain questionable. In the present study, eighty SPF chickens were randomly divided into five groups and challenged with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) to determine the protective effects and its underlying mechanism of RSRP. Histopathology examination found that vvIBDV-infection caused severe damage in the bursa of Fabricius, especially the bursal lymphoid follicles underwent severe necrosis, depletion, hemorrhage, and edema. Unexpectedly, RSRP intervention significantly reduced the necrosis and depletion of lymphoid follicles in the vvIBDV-infected chickens. Moreover, RSRP treatment significantly decreased the expression of Bax (P < 0.01) as well as remarkably promoted the expression of Bcl-2 (P < 0.01), concomitantly alleviated the excessive apoptosis in the immune organs such as the bursa of Fabricius during vvIBDV infection. Notably, consistent with our previous reports that increased mast cell activation and degranulation in the bursa after vvIBDV infection, RSRP administration considerably reduced the mast cell density and the expression of tryptase, a marker for activated mast cells. Collectively, the present study indicates that rabbit sacculus rotundus-derived antimicrobial peptides could effectively protect the major immune organs including the bursa of Fabricius from the damage caused by vvIBDV infection, which provides the possibility and a promising perspective for the future application of antimicrobial peptides for poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decheng Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, College of Basic Medical Sciences; Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Pin Yu
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ruiping She
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Kezhou Wang
- Laboratory of Animal Pathology and Public Health, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Garcia P, Wang Y, Viallet J, Macek Jilkova Z. The Chicken Embryo Model: A Novel and Relevant Model for Immune-Based Studies. Front Immunol 2021; 12:791081. [PMID: 34868080 PMCID: PMC8640176 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.791081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the immune system is associated with many pathologies, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. To date, the most commonly used models in biomedical research are rodents, and despite the various advantages they offer, their use also raises numerous drawbacks. Recently, another in vivo model, the chicken embryo and its chorioallantoic membrane, has re-emerged for various applications. This model has many benefits compared to other classical models, as it is cost-effective, time-efficient, and easier to use. In this review, we explain how the chicken embryo can be used as a model for immune-based studies, as it gradually develops an embryonic immune system, yet which is functionally similar to humans'. We mainly aim to describe the avian immune system, highlighting the differences and similarities with the human immune system, including the repertoire of lymphoid tissues, immune cells, and other key features. We also describe the general in ovo immune ontogeny. In conclusion, we expect that this review will help future studies better tailor their use of the chicken embryo model for testing specific experimental hypotheses or performing preclinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Garcia
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- R&D Department, Inovotion, La Tronche, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, La Tronche, France
| | - Yan Wang
- R&D Department, Inovotion, La Tronche, France
| | | | - Zuzana Macek Jilkova
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Research Center Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)/Inserm U 1209/CNRS 5309, La Tronche, France
- Service d’Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Pôle Digidune, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire (USA) Grenoble Alpes, La Tronche, France
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3
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Orakpoghenor O, Oladele SB, Abdu PA. Infectious Bursal Disease: Transmission, Pathogenesis, Pathology and Control - An Overview. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1716652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sunday B. Oladele
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Paul A. Abdu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
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4
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Tachibana T, Hirai M, Tomita A, Ishimaru Y, Khan MSI, Makino R, Cline MA. Physiological responses to central and peripheral injections of compound 48/80 and histamine in chicks. Physiol Behav 2019; 211:112681. [PMID: 31525390 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are a type of immune cell widely distributed in the body of vertebrates. Mast cells have many granules that contain several bioactive molecules such as histamine, and these molecules are released through degranulation when the mast cell receives certain stimuli. Because the number of mast cells increases during infection in chickens (Gallus gallus), the activity of mast cells might be related to non-specific symptoms such as anorexia under an infectious condition. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate whether intraperitoneal (IP) and intracerebroventricular (ICV) injections of compound 48/80, which induces degranulation of mast cells, affects feeding, voluntary activity, cloacal temperature, and the concentrations of plasma corticosterone (CORT) and glucose in chicks. The effect of histamine, which is found in mast cell granules, on these parameters was also investigated. IP injection of compound 48/80 significantly decreased food intake, voluntary activity, and cloacal temperature, and increased plasma CORT concentration in the chicks. While ICV injection of compound 48/80 also decreased food intake, it increased cloacal temperature and plasma glucose concentration. Both IP and ICV injections of histamine significantly decreased food intake, cloacal temperature, and plasma CORT concentration. However, only IP injection of histamine significantly decreased voluntary activity and increased plasma glucose concentration. The results suggest that degranulation of mast cells is related to non-specific symptoms in chicks, although the mechanism seems to be different between peripheral and central tissues. In addition, the effect of peripherally-injected compound 48/80 may be partly mediated by histamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Misaki Hirai
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Asumi Tomita
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Yoko Ishimaru
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Md Sakirul Islam Khan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, 791-0295 Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Makino
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 24061, Blacksburg, Virginia, United States
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Tachibana T, Ueoka W, Khan MSI, Makino R, Cline MA. Compound 48/80 reduces the crop-emptying rate, likely through a histamine-associated pathway in chicks. Domest Anim Endocrinol 2019; 66:57-63. [PMID: 30472035 DOI: 10.1016/j.domaniend.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Infectious conditions are associated with reduced food passage through the digestive tract in both mammals and chicks; however, the precise mechanism mediating this response in chicks remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to determine if mast cells, a blood cell type which plays an important role in the immune system, might affect food passage through the digestive tract in chicks. Specifically, we performed intraperitoneal (IP) injections of compound 48/80, an inducer of mast cell degranulation, and measured crop emptying. The IP injection of compound 48/80 significantly reduced the crop-emptying rate, but it did not affect the proventriculus to small intestine transit rate or the number of defecations. We also found that IP-injected histamine, which is secreted by mast cells, also reduced the crop-emptying rate. In addition, IP injection of 2-pyridylethylamine (histamine H1 receptor agonist), but not dimaprit, (R)-(-)-α-methylhistamine, and VUF8430 (histamine H2, H3, and H4 receptor agonists, respectively), reduced the crop-emptying rate, implying that histamine reduces the crop emptying rate via the histamine H1 receptor. Finally, we found that IP injection of compound 48/80 reduced mRNA expression of histidine decarboxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme for histamine synthesis, in the esophagus and proventriculus at 1 h and the proventriculus and duodenum at 3 h after the injection. In sum, the present study suggests that the degranulation of mast cells causes a reduction in the crop-emptying rate, possibly via the histamine pathway in chicks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Tachibana
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan.
| | - Wataru Ueoka
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Md Sakirul Islam Khan
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Ehime University, Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Makino
- Department of Agrobiological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Mark A Cline
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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8
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Liu T, Xiao P, Li R, She R, Tian J, Wang J, Mao J, Yin J, Shi R. Increased Mast Cell Activation in Mongolian Gerbils Infected by Hepatitis E Virus. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2226. [PMID: 30333798 PMCID: PMC6175998 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mechanism study of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection has attracted an increasing attention because of the growing rate of the acute hepatitis caused by the virus over the world. As an important initiate in the inflammation, mast cells (MCs) play a critical role in maintaining a healthy physiology. However, the function of the MCs in the acute hepatitis caused by HEV is still unclear. In the present study, mongolian gerbils infected by HEV were used as an animal model to evaluate the role of MCs in the HEV infection. The positive ELISA and RT-PCR results showed the gerbils was successfully infected with HEV. The number of mast cell in the liver and the small intestine in the infected animals were growing higher significantly than the control group. In addition, higher expression of the tryptase and 5-HT in the liver and the intestine detected by immunohistochemical method and western blot also indicate the activation of MCs in the infection. These results suggest that MCs play an important role in the hepatitis E.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, SD, United States
| | - Ruiwen Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Dingzhou, China
| | - Ruiping She
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jijing Tian
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingyuan Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Mao
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Yin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruihan Shi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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9
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He L, Liu D, Hu J, Sun W, Gao R, Shi L, He D, Li B, Wang X, Gu M, Hu S, Liu X, Hu Z, Chen S, Peng D, Liu X. A comprehensive comparison of the fifth-wave highly pathogenic and low-pathogenic H7N9 avian influenza viruses reveals potential threat posed by both types of viruses in mammals. Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1459-1473. [PMID: 30014613 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Before 2013, zoonotic influenza infections were dominated by H5N1 viruses in China. However, the emergence of the H7N9 viruses in early 2013 changed this dominance greatly, and more than 1,600 laboratory-confirmed human cases of H7N9 infections have been reported since then. To understand the underlying mechanism of the emergence of the fifth epidemic wave that shows an unexpected sharp increase, we systematically investigated the biological characteristics of the highly pathogenic (HP) and low-pathogenic (LP) H7N9 AIVs during this period. We first systematically analysed the haemagglutination assay gene of all the isolates available from the website and found that the HP and LP viruses differed a little in the well-established receptor binding sites and in other potentially important sites. Phylogenetic analysis showed that both the HP and LP viruses belong to the branch of the Yangtze River Delta, whereas they diverged to different small branches. To further compare the biological variations in the HP and LP viruses, we selected six HP and six LP strains for in-depth analysis, including receptor binding characteristics, thermal stability, viral replication and virulence in mice. The three major findings of this study were as follows: (a) Other potential site/sites may affect the receptor binding property of the H7N9 viruses; (b) the HP viruses displayed a higher thermostability than did the LP viruses, quite consistent with the epidemiological data during the summer period; and (c) one-third of the HP viruses were moderately pathogenic in mice, whereas all the LP viruses were nonpathogenic in this animal model. However, the LP viruses replicated more efficiently in the mouse lung and can spread to the extrarespiratory organs (spleen, kidney and brain). Taken together, our results suggest that both the HP and LP H7N9 viruses can pose a potential threat to public health, highlighting the importance of the continual surveillance of the H7N9 AIVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wenqiang Sun
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Gao
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dongchang He
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bo Li
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoquan Wang
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Gu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shunlin Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zenglei Hu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sujuan Chen
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Daxin Peng
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiufan Liu
- Animal Infectious Disease Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agri-food Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture of China (26116120), Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Li L, Kubasová T, Rychlik I, Hoerr FJ, Rautenschlein S. Infectious bursal disease virus infection leads to changes in the gut associated-lymphoid tissue and the microbiota composition. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192066. [PMID: 29390031 PMCID: PMC5794159 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive poultry disease. IBD virus (IBDV) is the causative agent, which may lead to high morbidity and mortality rates in susceptible birds. IBDV-pathogenesis studies have focused mainly on primary lymphoid organs. It is not known if IBDV infection may modify the development of the gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) as well as the microbiota composition. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of IBDV-infection on the bursa of Fabricius (BF), caecal tonsils (CT) and caecum, and to determine the effects on the gut microbiota composition in the caecum. Commercial broiler chickens were inoculated with a very virulent (vv) strain of IBDV at 14 (Experiment 2) or 15 (Experiment 1) days post hatch (dph). Virus replication, lesion development, immune parameters including numbers of T and B lymphocytes, macrophages, as well as the gut microbiota composition were compared between groups. Rapid IBDV-replication was detected in the BF, CT and caecum. It was accompanied by histological lesions including an infiltration of heterophils. In addition a significant reduction in the total mucosal thickness of the caecum was observed in vvIBDV-infected birds compared to virus-free controls (P < 0.05). vvIBDV infection also led to an increase in T lymphocyte numbers and macrophages, as well as a decrease in the number of B lymphocytes in the lamina propria of the caecum, and in the caecal tonsils. Illumina sequencing analysis indicated that vvIBDV infection also induced changes in the abundance of Clostridium XIVa and Faecalibacterium over time. Overall, our results suggested that vvIBDV infection had a significant impact on the GALT and led to a modulation of gut microbiota composition, which may lead to a higher susceptibility of affected birds for pathogens invading through the gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Clinic for Poultry, Bünteweg, Hannover, Germany
| | - Tereza Kubasová
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivan Rychlik
- Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Frederic J. Hoerr
- Veterinary Diagnostic Pathology, Fort Valley, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Silke Rautenschlein
- University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Clinic for Poultry, Bünteweg, Hannover, Germany
- * E-mail:
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11
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Lei Z, Zhang D, Lu B, Zhou W, Wang D. Activation of mast cells in skin abscess induced by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection in mice. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:66-71. [PMID: 29421486 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The skin abscess is a common inflammatory disease that occurs following the ubiquitous S. aureus infection. In our study, a skin abscess murine model was established and the dynamics of mast cells chemotaxing was evaluated. In the S. aureus-infected mice, severe infiltration of inflammatory cells in the dermis were observed, and mast cells were markedly accumulated in the skins. Besides, tryptase, the marker for mast cells activation, has a positive correlation with mast cell activity. The mast cells identified in the tissues were likely to be activated since they were associated with cell degranulation and the presence of tryptase. Our results suggested that mast cells and its mediator tryptase contribute to the inflammation of skin abscess induced by S. aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Lei
- Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China; The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China; Wuxue First People's Hospital, Wuxue 435400, Hubei, China
| | - Ding Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang 443003, Hubei, China
| | - Boyong Lu
- The Third Hospital of Yichang City, Yichang 443003, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjiang Zhou
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China
| | - Decheng Wang
- Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, China; The Institute of Infection and Inflammation, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, Hubei, China.
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12
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Han D, Wei T, Zhang S, Wang M, Tian H, Cheng J, Xiao J, Hu Y, Chen M. The therapeutic effects of sodium cromoglycate against influenza A virus H5N1 in mice. Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2016; 10:57-66. [PMID: 26176755 PMCID: PMC4687497 DOI: 10.1111/irv.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To identify the protective role of sodium cromoglycate in mice during influenza virus infection. Design H5N1 virus‐infected mice were treated with the mast cell stabilizer sodium cromoglycate (SCG) to investigate its therapeutic effect. Sample The nose, trachea and lungs from mice were collected. Main outcome measures Virus replication and host responses were determined by plaque assay, quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry, and histology. Results SCG‐treated mice survived better than did PBS‐treated mice after H5N1 virus infection. Mild pathological changes with fewer inflammatory cell infiltration and fewer virus antigens were observed in the nose, trachea, and lungs of SCG‐treated mice on days 3 and 5 post‐infection. However, no significant changes in viral load in the lungs were detected between SCG‐ and PBS‐treated mice. Furthermore, significantly decreased expression of interleukin‐6, tumor necrosis factor‐a, Toll‐like receptor 3, and TIR‐domain‐containing adapter‐inducing interferon‐b was detected in the lungs of SCG‐treated mice, and no higher expression of interferon‐c was detected. Conclusion These results suggest that SCG has therapeutic roles in H5N1 virus‐infected mice by alleviating the inflammatory response rather than inhibition of viral replication in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deping Han
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tangting Wei
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Siyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Bioproduction and Chemical Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture, Zhongmu Institutes of China Animal Husbandry Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yanxin Hu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Korsch E, Pieper M, Schildgen V, Schildgen O, Brockmann M. Unusual rash accompanied by enterovirus infection and human bocavirus co-infection in a 9-week-old infant in Cologne, Germany. JMM Case Rep 2015. [DOI: 10.1099/jmmcr.0.005012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eckhard Korsch
- Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Kinderklinik Amsterdamer Straße, 59, D-50735 Köln, Germany
| | - Monika Pieper
- Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Klinikum der Privaten Universität Witten/Herdecke mit Sitz in Köln, Institut für Pathologie, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, D-51109 Köln, Germany
| | - Verena Schildgen
- Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Klinikum der Privaten Universität Witten/Herdecke mit Sitz in Köln, Institut für Pathologie, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, D-51109 Köln, Germany
| | - Oliver Schildgen
- Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Klinikum der Privaten Universität Witten/Herdecke mit Sitz in Köln, Institut für Pathologie, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, D-51109 Köln, Germany
| | - Michael Brockmann
- Kliniken der Stadt Köln gGmbH, Klinikum der Privaten Universität Witten/Herdecke mit Sitz in Köln, Institut für Pathologie, Ostmerheimer Straße 200, D-51109 Köln, Germany
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14
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Li Y, He L, Cheng X, Li J, Jia Y, Yang D. Histamine levels in embryonic chicken livers infected with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 168:91-6. [PMID: 26341971 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Histamine is an endogenous nitrogenous compound with extensive effects on immunologic cells and involved in many physiological functions. The current aim was to determine histamine levels in embryonic liver and its association with the pathogenicity of a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) isolate serially passaged in chicken embryos. A vvIBDV isolate and the passaged viruses were inoculated into SPF embryonated chicken eggs (0.2 ml per egg) via the chorioallantoic membrane. Embryonic livers were collected at 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h post-inoculation and histamine contents were quantified by fluorescence spectrophotometry analyses. Results showed that the histamine content in embryonic livers infected with the original vvIBDV isolate and the early passaged viruses significantly increased 48 h post-inoculation, as compared with the adapted IBDV isolate (p<0.01) and controls (p<0.01), with the concentration peaking from 72 h to 96 h. Most of the infected chicken embryos died from 48 h to 96 h post-inoculation. Moreover, the histamine content in dead embryos was markedly increased compared with live embryos (p<0.05), peaking at 72 h post-inoculation (p<0.01). There was an association between histamine content in embryonic livers and an elevation in histidine decarboxylase activity. Taken together, our results suggest that an excess of histamine correlates with inflammatory responses during vvIBDV infection. This study provides an incremental step in the understanding of the pathogenesis of vvIBDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinju Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Tianjin road 70, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lei He
- Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Tianjin road 70, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangchao Cheng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Tianjin road 70, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Tianjin road 70, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Jia
- Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Tianjin road 70, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China
| | - Danfang Yang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Tianjin road 70, Luoyang 471003, People's Republic of China
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15
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Han D, Wang S, Hu Y, Zhang Y, Dong X, Yang Z, Wang J, Li J, Deng X. Hyperpigmentation Results in Aberrant Immune Development in Silky Fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus Brisson). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125686. [PMID: 26047316 PMCID: PMC4457905 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Silky Fowl (SF) is known for its special phenotypes and atypical distribution of melanocytes among internal organs. Although the genes associated with melanocyte migration have been investigated substantially, there is little information on the postnatal distribution of melanocytes in inner organs and the effect of hyperpigmentation on the development of SF. Here, we analyzed melanocyte distribution in 26 tissues or organs on postnatal day 1 and weeks 2, 3, 4, 6, 10, and 23. Except for the liver, pancreas, pituitary gland, and adrenal gland, melanocytes were distributed throughout the body, primarily around blood vessels. Interaction between melanocytes and the tissue cells was observed, and melanin was transported by filopodia delivery through engulfed and internalized membrane-encapsulated melanosomes. SFs less than 10 weeks old have lower indices of spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius than White Leghorns (WLs). The expression levels of interferon-γ and interlukin-4 genes in the spleen, and serum antibody levels against H5N1 and infectious bursal disease virus were lower in SF than in WL. We also found immune organ developmental difference between Black-boned and non-Black- boned chickens from SFs and WLs hybrid F2 population. However, degeneration of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius occurred later in SF than in WL after sexual maturity. Analysis of apoptotic cells and apoptosis-associated Bax and Bcl-2 proteins indicated that apoptosis is involved in degeneration of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius. Therefore, these results suggest that hyperpigmentation in SF may have a close relationship with immune development in SF, which can provide an important animal model to investigate the roles of melanocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deping Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuxiang Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanxin Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xianggui Dong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zu Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiankui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junying Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuemei Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding and Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of the Ministry of Agriculture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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Graham AC, Temple RM, Obar JJ. Mast cells and influenza a virus: association with allergic responses and beyond. Front Immunol 2015; 6:238. [PMID: 26042121 PMCID: PMC4435071 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a widespread infectious agent commonly found in mammalian and avian species. In humans, IAV is a respiratory pathogen that causes seasonal infections associated with significant morbidity in young and elderly populations, and has a large economic impact. Moreover, IAV has the potential to cause both zoonotic spillover infection and global pandemics, which have significantly greater morbidity and mortality across all ages. The pathology associated with these pandemic and spillover infections appear to be the result of an excessive inflammatory response leading to severe lung damage, which likely predisposes the lungs for secondary bacterial infections. The lung is protected from pathogens by alveolar epithelial cells, endothelial cells, tissue resident alveolar macrophages, dendritic cells, and mast cells. The importance of mast cells during bacterial and parasitic infections has been extensively studied; yet, the role of these hematopoietic cells during viral infections is only beginning to emerge. Recently, it has been shown that mast cells can be directly activated in response to IAV, releasing mediators such histamine, proteases, leukotrienes, inflammatory cytokines, and antiviral chemokines, which participate in the excessive inflammatory and pathological response observed during IAV infections. In this review, we will examine the relationship between mast cells and IAV, and discuss the role of mast cells as a potential drug target during highly pathological IAV infections. Finally, we proposed an emerging role for mast cells in other viral infections associated with significant host pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy C Graham
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - Rachel M Temple
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
| | - Joshua J Obar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT , USA
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17
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Takeda A, Tsubaki T, Sagae N, Onda Y, Inada Y, Mochizuki T, Okumura K, Kikuyama S, Kobayashi T, Iwamuro S. Bacterial toxin-inducible gene expression of cathelicidin-B1 in the chicken bursal lymphoma-derived cell line DT40: functional characterization of cathelicidin-B1. Peptides 2014; 59:94-102. [PMID: 24984089 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2014.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2014] [Revised: 06/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Chicken cathelicidin-B1 (chCATH-B1) is a major host defense peptide of the chicken bursa of Fabricius (BF). To investigate the mechanisms of chCATH-B1 gene expression in the BF, we focused on the DT40 cell line derived from chicken bursal lymphoma as a model for analysis. A cDNA encoding chCATH-B1 precursor was cloned from DT40 cells. The nucleotide sequence of the cDNA was identical with that of the BF chCATH-B1. A broth dilution analysis showed that the synthetic chCATH-B1 exhibited a significant defensive activity against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. A scanning microscopic analysis demonstrated that chCATH-B1 inhibited bacterial growth through membrane destruction with formation of blebs and spheroplasts. Limulus amoebocyte lysate assay and electromobility shift assay results revealed that chCATH-B1 bound to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoteichoic acid (LTA), which are the surface substances of the E. coli and S. aureus cell, respectively. A chemotactic assay results revealed that chCATH-B1 showed mouse-derived P-815 mastocytoma migrating activity dose-dependently but with a higher concentration, resulting in a loss of the activity. A semi-quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that LPS stimulated chCATH-B1 gene expression in a dose-dependent manner and that the LPS-inducible chCATH-B1 gene expression was inhibited by the administration of dexamethasone. The chCATH-B1 mRNA levels in DT40 cells were also increased by the administration of bacterial LTA. The results indicate that bacterial toxins induce chCATH-B1 gene expression in the chicken BF and the peptide expressed in the organ would act against pathogenic microorganisms not only directly but also indirectly by attracting mast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asuna Takeda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsubaki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Nozomi Sagae
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Yumiko Onda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Yuri Inada
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Takuya Mochizuki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuo Okumura
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan
| | - Sakae Kikuyama
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Center for Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Kobayashi
- Department of Regulatory Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan
| | - Shawichi Iwamuro
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Toho University, 2-2-1 Miyama, Funabashi, Chiba 274-8510, Japan.
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18
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Guo X, Wang L, Cui D, Ruan W, Liu F, Li H. Differential expression of the Toll-like receptor pathway and related genes of chicken bursa after experimental infection with infectious bursa disease virus. Arch Virol 2012; 157:2189-99. [PMID: 22828777 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-012-1403-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Infectious bursa disease virus causes an acute infection in bursal B cells. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway plays a key role in innate immunity during virus infection. In this study, an Agilent microarray was used to investigate different transcriptional profiles of the TLR pathway and related genes of chicken bursa at 48 h after infection with IBDV, compared with simulated infection. Expression of >58 genes changed significantly. Forty-six genes associated with chicken bursa proinflammatory effects, chemotactic effects, and T-cell stimulation were upregulated, which meant enhancement of these features. Twelve genes that are related to proliferation and differentiation of bursal cells were downregulated, implying suppression of these features. These results revealed that genes of the TLR pathway play an important role in the pathogenicity of IBDV infection. The findings are helpful for understanding the molecular basis of viral pathogenesis and the underlying mechanism of the host antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinfeng Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Beijing University of Agriculture, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
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19
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Deng W, Dong XF, Tong JM, Zhang Q. The probiotic Bacillus licheniformis ameliorates heat stress-induced impairment of egg production, gut morphology, and intestinal mucosal immunity in laying hens. Poult Sci 2012; 91:575-82. [PMID: 22334732 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of a 12-d exposure to 34°C plus dietary inclusion of the probiotic Bacillus licheniformis on the egg production, gut morphology, and intestinal mucosal immunity of laying hens. Ninety-six commercial hens (Hy-Line Brown) at the age of 60 wk were randomly allocated to 4 groups. After a period of laying rate adjustment (14 d), all the hens were subjected to 2 temperature treatments (12 d). Birds in 1 group were raised at 21°C and fed a basal diet, and birds in the other 3 groups were raised at 34°C and fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 10(6), or 10(7) cfu of B. licheniformis per gram of feed, respectively. Rearing at 34°C depressed egg production and feed intake (P < 0.05). Compared with birds kept at 21°C, birds kept at 34°C had elevated serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (d 6), IL-1 (d 6 and 12), and corticosterone (d 6); decreased villus height (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12) and ratio of villus height to crypt depth (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12); fewer intraepithelial lymphocytes (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6) and IgA-secreting cells (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12); and more mast cells (ileum: d 6; cecum: d 6 and 12; P < 0.05). The number of goblet cells in the cecum increased at d 6 in heat-treated birds, and then deceased at d 12 (P < 0.05). Moreover, morphological examination showed injury to the villi of birds kept at 34°C. In general, inclusion of 10(7) cfu/g of B. licheniformis in the diet of heat-stressed hens was effective in overcoming the observed decline in egg production and feed intake, restoring the impaired villus structure, and sustaining a balanced mucosal immune response. Therefore, the probiotic B. licheniformis may be useful for ameliorating the adverse influence of heat on the egg production and gut health of laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
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20
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Hu Y, Jin Y, Han D, Zhang G, Cao S, Xie J, Xue J, Li Y, Meng D, Fan X, Sun LQ, Wang M. Mast cell-induced lung injury in mice infected with H5N1 influenza virus. J Virol 2012; 86:3347-56. [PMID: 22238293 PMCID: PMC3302317 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.06053-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although an important role for mast cells in several viral infections has been demonstrated, its role in the invasion of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus is unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that mast cells were activated significantly by H5N1 virus (A/chicken/Henan/1/2004) infection both in vivo and in vitro. Mast cells could possibly intensify the lung injury that results from H5N1 infection by releasing proinflammatory mediators, including histamine, tryptase, and gamma interferon (IFN-γ). Lung lesions and apoptosis induced by H5N1 infection were reduced dramatically by treatment with ketotifen, which is a mast cell degranulation inhibitor. A combination of ketotifen and the neuraminidase inhibitor oseltamivir protected 100% of the mice from death postinfection. In conclusion, our data suggest that mast cells play a crucial role in the early stages of H5N1 influenza virus infection and provide a new approach to combat highly pathogenic influenza virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxin Hu
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Jin
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Deping Han
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guozhong Zhang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shanping Cao
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Xie
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia Xue
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Li
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Meng
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxu Fan
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lun-Quan Sun
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ming Wang
- 1 Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Wang D, Jia X, She R, Liu Y. Acute hypersensitive-like injury in specific-pathogen-free chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Poult Sci 2012; 91:334-9. [PMID: 22252345 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-01203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) can cause systemic inflammatory syndromes and acute death in specific-pathogen-free chickens within 72 h. However, the subtle mechanism of these severe inflammatory responses has been unsatisfactorily resolved until now. This study determined the kinetics of mast cells, tryptase, eosinophilic major basic protein, and eotaxin expression in specific-pathogen-free chickens after vvIBDV infection. Results showed that mast cell population, tryptase activity, major basic protein, and eotaxin expression were increased markedly in the vvIBDV-infected animals compared with the controls, with a significant difference in the bursa. Acute inflammatory lesions and high mortality were observed in vvIBDV-infected chickens. These observations implicate activated mast cells and eosinophils as important participants in vvIBDV-induced acute inflammatory lesions through mediators released in a short timeframe.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wang
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Dänicke S, Pappritz J, Goyarts T, Xu B, Rautenschlein S. Effects of feeding aFusariumtoxin-contaminated diet to infectious bursal disease virus-infected broilers on the protein turnover of the bursa of Fabricius and spleen. Arch Anim Nutr 2011; 65:1-20. [DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2010.541191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Baccari GC, Pinelli C, Santillo A, Minucci S, Rastogi RK. Mast Cells in Nonmammalian Vertebrates. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2011; 290:1-53. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386037-8.00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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24
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Wang D, Zhou X, She R, Xiong J, Sun Q, Peng K, Liu L, Liu Y. Impaired intestinal mucosal immunity in specific-pathogen-free chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Poult Sci 2009; 88:1623-8. [PMID: 19590077 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2009-00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diarrhea is one of the most important clinical side effects that occurs in chickens after infection with bursal disease virus. However, the kinetics of the intestinal mucosal immune parameters in infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV)-infected birds remains unclear. Forty-five specific-pathogen-free chickens were randomly divided into 2 groups [30 chickens in the very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV)-infected group and 15 chickens in the control group] to determine the effect of vvIBDV infection on intestinal mucosal immunity. All chickens were raised in negative-pressure isolators and fed the same diet. Results indicate that severe histologic lesions were observed in the intestinal tract in the vvIBDV-infected group, and the villus heights of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were decreased after vvIBDV infection (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The number of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes, mast cells, and goblet cells decreased significantly in the vvIBDV-infected group compared with the control (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05) on d 1, 2, and 3 postchallenge with vvIBDV. Very virulent IBDV infection reduced the expression of each fragment of intestinal secretory IgA at all 3 time points. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase decreased dramatically on d 2 and 3 postchallenge with vvIBDV. Taken together, these results indicate that vvIBDV infection contributes to considerable damage to the normal structure of the intestine and intestinal mucosal immune parameters of specific-pathogen-free chickens. Our research helps to increase an understanding of the pathogenesis of diarrhea induced by vvIBDV infection. These findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of vvIBDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Wang D, Ma W, She R, Sun Q, Liu Y, Hu Y, Liu L, Yang Y, Peng K. Effects of swine gut antimicrobial peptides on the intestinal mucosal immunity in specific-pathogen-free chickens. Poult Sci 2009; 88:967-74. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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Wang D, Liu Y, She R, Xu J, Liu L, Xiong J, Yang Y, Sun Q, Peng K. Reduced mucosal injury of SPF chickens by mast cell stabilization after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2009; 131:229-37. [PMID: 19428122 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2009.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2008] [Revised: 04/13/2009] [Accepted: 04/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies here have demonstrated that increased mast cell populations and tryptase activity contribute to lesion formation in regions of immune organs in special-pathogen-free chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV). Mast cells and their mediators have been implicated in acute inflammatory injury after vvIBDV infection, but their precise role in this process remains elusive. In this study, the role of mast cells in the vvIBDV infection process was examined using ketotifen, a mast cell membrane stabilizer. On days 1, 2, and 3 postinfection, the bursa of Fabricius (BFs) were collected to quantify mast cells, tryptase and histamine contents by cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry and fluorospectrophotometry analyses, respectively. The results showed that the mast cell populations, tryptase expression, and histamine released increased significantly in the BFs (p<0.01) of infected birds compared to controls, and acute inflammatory responses were observed in the former. In contrast, in infected chickens pretreated with ketotifen, mast cells, tryptase, and histamine were markedly decreased (p<0.01) and probably as a result, the BFs remitted significantly. The overall results suggest that mast cells are positively involved in BF injury induced by vvIBDV infection. Inhibition of mast cell degranulation and concurrent mediator release may represent a novel strategy to modulate this process. This study, thus, advances the understanding of the acute inflammatory injury mechanisms triggered by vvIBDV infection and the contribution of mast cell activity in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Decheng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Sun Q, Li W, She R, Wang D, Han D, Li R, Ding Y, Yue Z. Evidence for a role of mast cells in the mucosal injury induced by Newcastle disease virus. Poult Sci 2009; 88:554-61. [PMID: 19211524 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that mast cells were significantly increased during Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection, but their precise role in the process is unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of mast cells in this process by using ketotifen, a mast cell membrane stabilizer. A total of 60 specific-pathogen-free chickens were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 birds each (NDV-infected group, ketotifen-pretreated group, and the control group). The ketotifen-pretreated group was administered orally with ketotifen before NDV infection. On 12, 24, and 48 h postinfection, 5 chickens from each treatment were killed. Tissues of proventriculus were collected to quantify mast cells, the content of tryptase and histamine by cytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and fluorescence analysis, respectively. The results showed that the population of mast cells and the content of tryptase and histamine were increased significantly in the proventriculus (P < 0.01) of infected birds compared with the control group. An acute mucosal injury was observed in the infected chickens. In contrast, among chickens pretreated with ketotifen, followed by NDV infection, the mast cells number and the content of tryptase and histamine were decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Likely as a result, the mucosal injury was remitted remarkably. The overall results of this experiment suggest that mast cells are implicated in NDV-induced mucosal injury. Inhibition of mast cell mediator release may represent a novel strategy to modulate this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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Sun Q, Wang D, She R, Li W, Liu S, Han D, Wang Y, Ding Y. Increased mast cell density during the infection with velogenic Newcastle disease virus in chickens. Avian Pathol 2009; 37:579-85. [PMID: 19023756 DOI: 10.1080/03079450802499092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their well-characterized role in allergic inflammation, recent data confirm that mast cells play a more extensive role in a variety of viral infections. The contribution of mast cells to Newcastle disease pathogenesis has not been investigated. We evaluated mast cell activity after Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in specific pathogen free chickens using cytochemical and immunocytochemical analyses. The results were as follows. Severe tissue damage was observed in the proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum and caecal tonsil, and NDV antigens were detected and presented extensively in these tissues. Second, in the NDV-infected group, the mast cell population was increased markedly in the proventriculus, duodenum, jejunum and caecal tonsil at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after infection (P<0.01). However, very few mast cells were observed in those same tissues in the control. More intriguingly, the greatest number of mast cells was found in the proventriculus, which also showed the greatest level of NDV antigens. Third, the content of tryptase was significantly higher (P<0.01) in the NDV-infected group compared with the control from 24 to 96 h post infection). Furthermore, as an important protease released by mast cells, tryptase had a positive correlation with mast cell distribution. These data indicated that mast cells were involved in the response to NDV. Our results also suggested that the broad range of mast cell mediators might have a role in the pathology of Newcastle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Sun
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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