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Yan Q, Liu S, Sun Y, Chen C, Yang S, Lin M, Long J, Yao J, Lin Y, Yi F, Meng L, Tan Y, Ai Q, Chen N, Yang Y. Targeting oxidative stress as a preventive and therapeutic approach for cardiovascular disease. J Transl Med 2023; 21:519. [PMID: 37533007 PMCID: PMC10394930 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04361-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) continue to exert a significant impact on global mortality rates, encompassing conditions like pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), atherosclerosis (AS), and myocardial infarction (MI). Oxidative stress (OS) plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis and advancement of CVDs, highlighting its significance as a contributing factor. Maintaining an equilibrium between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant systems not only aids in mitigating oxidative stress but also confers protective benefits on cardiac health. Herbal monomers can inhibit OS in CVDs by activating multiple signaling pathways, such as increasing the activity of endogenous antioxidant systems and decreasing the level of ROS expression. Given the actions of herbal monomers to significantly protect the normal function of the heart and reduce the damage caused by OS to the organism. Hence, it is imperative to recognize the significance of herbal monomers as prospective therapeutic interventions for mitigating oxidative damage in CVDs. This paper aims to comprehensively review the origins and mechanisms underlying OS, elucidate the intricate association between CVDs and OS, and explore the therapeutic potential of antioxidant treatment utilizing herbal monomers. Furthermore, particular emphasis will be placed on examining the cardioprotective effects of herbal monomers by evaluating their impact on cardiac signaling pathways subsequent to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yan
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Changsha Hospital for Matemal&Child Health Care, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Sun
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Songwei Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Meiyu Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Junpeng Long
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Jiao Yao
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Fan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Cosmetic, China National Light Industry, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Lei Meng
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Yong Tan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangtan Central Hospital, Xiangtan, 411100, China
| | - Qidi Ai
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
| | - Naihong Chen
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Yantao Yang
- Hunan Engineering Technology Center of Standardization and Function of Chinese Herbal Decoction Pieces, College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
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Dabravolski SA, Sukhorukov VN, Melnichenko AA, Khotina VA, Orekhov AN. The Role of Selenium in Atherosclerosis Development, Progression, Prevention and Treatment. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2010. [PMID: 37509649 PMCID: PMC10377679 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11072010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element that is essential for various metabolic processes, protection from oxidative stress and proper functioning of the cardiovascular system. Se deficiency has long been associated with multiple cardiovascular diseases, including endemic Keshan's disease, common heart failure, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction and atherosclerosis. Through selenoenzymes and selenoproteins, Se is involved in numerous crucial processes, such as redox homeostasis regulation, oxidative stress, calcium flux and thyroid hormone metabolism; an unbalanced Se supply may disrupt these processes. In this review, we focus on the importance of Se in cardiovascular health and provide updated information on the role of Se in specific processes involved in the development and pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, vascular calcification and vascular cell apoptosis). We also discuss recent randomised trials investigating Se supplementation as a potential therapeutic and preventive agent for atherosclerosis treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siarhei A Dabravolski
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Braude Academic College of Engineering, Snunit 51, P.O. Box 78, Karmiel 2161002, Israel
| | - Vasily N Sukhorukov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Alexandra A Melnichenko
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Victoria A Khotina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, Moscow 125315, Russia
| | - Alexander N Orekhov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltiyskaya Street, Moscow 125315, Russia
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Deng WW, Zang CR, Li QC, Sun B, Mei XP, Bai L, Shang XM, Deng Y, Xiao YQ, Ghiladi RA, Lorimer GH, Zhang XJ, Wang J. Hydrothermally Derived Green Carbon Dots from Broccoli Water Extracts: Decreased Toxicity, Enhanced Free-Radical Scavenging, and Anti-Inflammatory Performance. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:1307-1319. [PMID: 36744996 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biomass carbon dots (CDs) derived from natural plants possess the advantages of low cost, photostability, and excellent biocompatibility, with potential applications in chemical sensing, bioimaging, and nanomedicine. However, the development of biomass CDs with excellent antioxidant activity and good biocompatibility is still a challenge. Herein, we propose a hypothesis for enhancing the antioxidant capacity of biomass CDs based on precursor optimization, extraction solvent, and other conditions with broccoli as the biomass. Compared to broccoli water extracts, broccoli powders, and broccoli organic solvent extracts, CDs derived from broccoli water extracts (BWE-CDs) have outstanding antioxidant properties due to the abundant C═C, carbonyl, and amino groups on their surface. After optimization of the preparation condition, the obtained BWE-CDs exhibit excellent free-radical scavenging activity with an EC50 of 68.2 μg/mL for DPPH• and 22.4 μg/mL for ABTS•+. Cytotoxicity and zebrafish embryotoxicity results indicated that BWE-CDs have lower cytotoxicity and better biocompatibility than that of CDs derived from organic solvents. In addition, BWE-CDs effectively scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 cells, 293T cells, and zebrafish, as well as eliminating inflammation in LPS-stimulated zebrafish. Mechanistic studies showed that the anti-inflammatory effect of BWE-CDs was dependent on the direct reaction of CDs with free radicals, the regulation of NO levels, and the upregulation of the expression of SOD and GPX-4. This work indicates that the antioxidant activity of CDs could be enhanced by using solvent extracts of biomass as precursors, and the obtained BWE-CDs exhibit characteristics of greenness, low toxicity, and excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, which suggests the potential promising application of BWE-CDs as an antioxidant nanomedicine for inflammatory therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Deng
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Chuan-Ru Zang
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Qiu-Chen Li
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Xue-Ping Mei
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Xin-Miao Shang
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Ya-Qian Xiao
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
| | - Reza A Ghiladi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, United States
| | - George H Lorimer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Xue-Ji Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Autism & Depression Diagnosis and Intervention Institute, National 111 Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China
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Lee TJ, Nettleford SK, McGlynn A, Carlson BA, Kirimanjeswara GS, Prabhu KS. The role of selenoproteins in neutrophils during inflammation. Arch Biochem Biophys 2022; 732:109452. [PMID: 36336122 PMCID: PMC9712253 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs)-derived ROS are involved in the regulation of multiple functions of PMNs critical in both inflammation and its timely resolution. Selenium is an essential trace element that functions as a gatekeeper of cellular redox homeostasis in the form of selenoproteins. Despite their well-studied involvement in regulating functions of various immune cells, limited studies have focused on the regulation of selenoproteins in PMN and their associated functions. Ex-vivo treatment of murine primary bone marrow derived PMNs with bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) indicated temporal regulation of several selenoprotein genes at the mRNA level. However, only glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) was significantly upregulated, while Selenof, Selenow, and Gpx1 were significantly downregulated in a temporal manner at the protein level. Exposure of PMNs isolated from tRNASec (Trsp)fl/fl S100A8Cre (TrspN) PMN-specific selenoprotein knockout mice, to the Gram-negative bacterium, Citrobacter rodentium, showed decreased bacterial growth, reduced phagocytosis, as well as impaired neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation ability, when compared to the wild-type PMNs. Increased extracellular ROS production upon LPS stimulation was also observed in TrspN PMNs that was associated with upregulation of Alox12, Cox2, and iNOS, as well as proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β. Our data indicate that the inhibition of selenoproteome expression results in alteration of PMN proinflammatory functions, suggesting a potential role of selenoproteins in the continuum of inflammation and resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai-Jung Lee
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Shaneice K Nettleford
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Allison McGlynn
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Bradley A Carlson
- Office of Research Support, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Girish S Kirimanjeswara
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - K Sandeep Prabhu
- Department of Veterinary & Biomedical Sciences, Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Disease, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
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Chen X, Fu G, Li L, Zhao Q, Ke Z, Zhang R. Selenoprotein GPX1 is a prognostic and chemotherapy-related biomarker for brain lower grade glioma. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127082. [PMID: 36155420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is a major selenoprotein in most animal tissues, primarily expressed in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of cells and peroxidase structures of certain cells. GPX1 expression is highly correlated with carcinogenesis and disease progression. The goal of the study was to determine the association between GPX1 expression and tumor therapy, and to identify GPX1 prognostic value in various malignancies. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) databases were used to detect the levels of GPX1 expression in human tumor tissues and normal tissues. Indeed, correlations between GPX1 and tumor purity, tumor mutation burden (TMB), microsatellite instability (MSI), and DNA mismatch repair genes (MMRs) were explored using the TCGA cohort. Functional and enrichment analyses were performed by the GeneMANIA database and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), respectively. Cox regression models and Kaplan - Meier curves were used to screen for independent risk factors and estimate brain lower-grade glioma (LGG) survival probability. The Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) database was used to determine whether GPX1 had a race-specific effect on overall survival (OS) in LGG. The cross-interaction between GPX1 and chemoradiotherapy on LGG OS was determined by Kaplan - Meier curves. Logistic regression models of multiplicative interactions were constructed. Furthermore, the relationship between GPX1 and LGG treatment regimens was also explored through the Genomics of Drug Sensitivity in Cancer (GDSC) database. RESULTS GPX1 was highly expressed in various tumors, GPX1 overexpression was significantly correlated with the poor prognosis of LGG. GPX1 was found to be an independent predictive factor for LGG in both univariate and multivariate Cox models. The nomogram showed a high predictive accuracy (C-index: 0.804, 95% CI: 0.74-0.86). In addition, GPX1 was significantly associated with TMB, MSI, and MMRs in diverse cancers. GPX1 was involved in IL6/JAK/STAT3, inflammatory response, and apoptosis signaling pathways. Besides, non-radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and low GPX1 expression were important factors affecting the better prognosis of LGG. GPX1 acted as a tumor promoter, which has taken the worst effect on LGG survival, but a multiplicative interaction of GPX1*chemoradiotherapy may improve the poor clinical outcome. GPX1 was negatively correlated with the half inhibition concentration (IC50) of temozolomide (TMZ) (Spearman = -0.44, P = 4.52 ×10-26). CONCLUSION In LGG patients, high GPX1 expression was linked to a shorter OS. The interaction between GPX1 and chemoradiotherapy exhibits a beneficial clinical effect and chemotherapy was recommended for LGG patients, especially for those with high GPX1 expression. Besides, high GPX1 expression can predict TMZ sensitivity in LGG, providing potential evidence for chemotherapy. On the whole, this study presents a wealth of biological as well as clinical significance for the roles of GPX1 in human tumors, particularly in LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Chen
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, PR China
| | - Guotao Fu
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, PR China
| | - Linglan Li
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhao
- School of Nursing, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, PR China
| | - Zunhua Ke
- Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi 712046, PR China
| | - Rongqiang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712046, PR China.
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Knockdown of PVT1 Exerts Neuroprotective Effects against Ischemic Stroke Injury through Regulation of miR-214/Gpx1 Axis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:1393177. [PMID: 35978647 PMCID: PMC9377929 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1393177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that lncRNA PVT1 was closely related to ischemic stroke. Here, the role of PVT1 in ischemic stroke and the underlying mechanism were investigated. OGDR-stimulated PC12 cells were used to construct a cell model to mimic ischemic stroke. si-PVT1, miR-214 mimic, inhibitor, or the negative controls were transfected into PC12 cells prior to OGDR treatment. PVT1, miR-214, and Gpx1 expression was measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting assays. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were tested by CCK-8 assay and western blotting. The expression levels of inflammatory factors were determined by ELISA Kit. Results showed that PVT1 was increased significantly in OGDR PC12 cells. PVT1 knockdown significantly enhanced cell viability and attenuated cell apoptosis, ROS generation, and inflammation in OGDR PC12 cells. More importantly, PVT1 or Gpx1 was a target of miR-214. Mechanistically, PVT1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-214 to regulate the downstream gene Gpx1. In conclusion, PVT1 knockdown attenuated OGDR PC12 cell injury by modulating miR-214/Gpx1 axis. These findings offer a potential novel strategy for ischemic stroke therapy.
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Handy DE, Loscalzo J. The role of glutathione peroxidase-1 in health and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:146-161. [PMID: 35691509 PMCID: PMC9586416 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) is an important cellular antioxidant enzyme that is found in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of mammalian cells. Like most selenoenzymes, it has a single redox-sensitive selenocysteine amino acid that is important for the enzymatic reduction of hydrogen peroxide and soluble lipid hydroperoxides. Glutathione provides the source of reducing equivalents for its function. As an antioxidant enzyme, GPx1 modulates the balance between necessary and harmful levels of reactive oxygen species. In this review, we discuss how selenium availability and modifiers of selenocysteine incorporation alter GPx1 expression to promote disease states. We review the role of GPx1 in cardiovascular and metabolic health, provide examples of how GPx1 modulates stroke and provides neuroprotection, and consider how GPx1 may contribute to cancer risk. Overall, GPx1 is protective against the development and progression of many chronic diseases; however, there are some situations in which increased expression of GPx1 may promote cellular dysfunction and disease owing to its removal of essential reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E Handy
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Clare J, Ganly J, Bursill CA, Sumer H, Kingshott P, de Haan JB. The Mechanisms of Restenosis and Relevance to Next Generation Stent Design. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12030430. [PMID: 35327622 PMCID: PMC8945897 DOI: 10.3390/biom12030430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Stents are lifesaving mechanical devices that re-establish essential blood flow to the coronary circulation after significant vessel occlusion due to coronary vessel disease or thrombolytic blockade. Improvements in stent surface engineering over the last 20 years have seen significant reductions in complications arising due to restenosis and thrombosis. However, under certain conditions such as diabetes mellitus (DM), the incidence of stent-mediated complications remains 2–4-fold higher than seen in non-diabetic patients. The stents with the largest market share are designed to target the mechanisms behind neointimal hyperplasia (NIH) through anti-proliferative drugs that prevent the formation of a neointima by halting the cell cycle of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Thrombosis is treated through dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT), which is the continual use of aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor for 6–12 months. While the most common stents currently in use are reasonably effective at treating these complications, there is still significant room for improvement. Recently, inflammation and redox stress have been identified as major contributing factors that increase the risk of stent-related complications following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The aim of this review is to examine the mechanisms behind inflammation and redox stress through the lens of PCI and its complications and to establish whether tailored targeting of these key mechanistic pathways offers improved outcomes for patients, particularly those where stent placement remains vulnerable to complications. In summary, our review highlights the most recent and promising research being undertaken in understanding the mechanisms of redox biology and inflammation in the context of stent design. We emphasize the benefits of a targeted mechanistic approach to decrease all-cause mortality, even in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Clare
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (J.C.); (J.G.); (P.K.)
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Justin Ganly
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (J.C.); (J.G.); (P.K.)
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Christina A. Bursill
- Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia;
- Vascular Research Centre, Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Huseyin Sumer
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (J.C.); (J.G.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (J.B.d.H.)
| | - Peter Kingshott
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (J.C.); (J.G.); (P.K.)
- ARC Training Centre in Surface Engineering for Advanced Materials (SEAM), Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Judy B. de Haan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia; (J.C.); (J.G.); (P.K.)
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Department Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Microbiology, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Correspondence: (H.S.); (J.B.d.H.)
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Abstract
Abstract
Ebselen is a well-known synthetic compound mimicking glutathione peroxidase (GPx), which catalyses some vital reactions that protect against oxidative damage. Based on a large number of in vivo and in vitro studies, various mechanisms have been proposed to explain its actions on multiple targets. It targets thiol-related compounds, including cysteine, glutathione, and thiol proteins (e.g., thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase). Owing to this, ebselen is a unique multifunctional agent with important effects on inflammation, apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell differentiation, immune regulation and neurodegenerative disease, with anti-microbial, detoxifying and anti-tumour activity. This review summarises the current understanding of the multiple biological processes and molecules targeted by ebselen, and its pharmacological applications.
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Handy DE, Joseph J, Loscalzo J. Selenium, a Micronutrient That Modulates Cardiovascular Health via Redox Enzymology. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093238. [PMID: 34579115 PMCID: PMC8471878 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is a trace nutrient that promotes human health through its incorporation into selenoproteins in the form of the redox-active amino acid selenocysteine (Sec). There are 25 selenoproteins in humans, and many of them play essential roles in the protection against oxidative stress. Selenoproteins, such as glutathione peroxidase and thioredoxin reductase, play an important role in the reduction of hydrogen and lipid hydroperoxides, and regulate the redox status of Cys in proteins. Emerging evidence suggests a role for endoplasmic reticulum selenoproteins, such as selenoproteins K, S, and T, in mediating redox homeostasis, protein modifications, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Selenoprotein P, which functions as a carrier of Se to tissues, also participates in regulating cellular reactive oxygen species. Cellular reactive oxygen species are essential for regulating cell growth and proliferation, protein folding, and normal mitochondrial function, but their excess causes cell damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, and promotes inflammatory responses. Experimental evidence indicates a role for individual selenoproteins in cardiovascular diseases, primarily by modulating the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species. This review examines the roles that selenoproteins play in regulating vascular and cardiac function in health and disease, highlighting their antioxidant and redox actions in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane E. Handy
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.J.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-617-525-4845
| | - Jacob Joseph
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.J.); (J.L.)
- Department of Medicine, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (J.J.); (J.L.)
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11
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Ala M, Kheyri Z. The rationale for selenium supplementation in inflammatory bowel disease: A mechanism-based point of view. Nutrition 2021; 85:111153. [PMID: 33578241 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has always been a challenge for physicians. Current treatment protocols may cause numerous adverse effects. Selenium is known for its putative antiinflammatory properties. Selenium is needed for the biosynthesis of enzymatically active selenoproteins, which contribute to antioxidative defense, and effective function of immune systems. Several studies have shown that patients with IBD have a lower selenium level compared to healthy subjects. Hence, experimental studies mimicking ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease investigated the effect of selenium supplementation on IBD. Previous studies indicated the following: 1) Selenoproteins can curb the inflammatory response and attenuate oxidative stress. This antiinflammatory property caused remission in animal models of colitis. 2) Selenium supports protective gut microbiota, which indirectly improves management of IBD. 3) Selenium may block some of the predominant tumorigenesis pathways proposed in colitis-associated colorectal cancer. 4) Selenium supplementation showed promising results in preliminary clinical studies, particularly in patients with selenium deficiency. While selenium supplementation seems to be beneficial for IBD, clinical studies have remained too preliminary in this regard. Randomized clinical trials are needed to measure the short-term and long-term effects of selenium on both active and quiescent IBD, particularly in patients with IBD who have documented selenium deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahedin Kheyri
- Baharloo Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Shalihat A, Hasanah AN, Mutakin, Lesmana R, Budiman A, Gozali D. The role of selenium in cell survival and its correlation with protective effects against cardiovascular disease: A literature review. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 134:111125. [PMID: 33341057 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium is a trace element that provides protection against cellular damage and death. Previous research using several types of cells identified anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects for selenium. One of the diseases related to selenium is cardiovascular disease, as low selenium intake has been linked to cardiomyopathy. However, the mechanism of the cardioprotective effects of selenium is not thoroughly understood. Several studies supported the possible effects of selenium on heart cell survival. In this review, we analyzed recent research (2015-2020) on the roles and mechanism of action of selenium in cell survival and its cardioprotective effects. Furthermore, the prevention of apoptosis through both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways is discussed in this review. Signalling pathways that regulate cell survival such as the p-AMPK, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2, AKT/PI3K, and STAT pathways are involved in the protective effects of selenium. In addition, signaling pathways that affect heart cell survival include the AKT and STAT pathways. It also affects autophagy through the PPAR-γ pathway. These findings should facilitate further research on the cardioprotective effects of selenium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Shalihat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia; Departement of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Bandung, Jl. Soekarno - Hatta No. 752, Cipadung Kidul, Panyileukan, Bandung, 40614, Indonesia
| | - Aliya Nur Hasanah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Mutakin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia.
| | - Ronny Lesmana
- Physiology Division, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia; Division of Biological Activity, Central Laboratory, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Arif Budiman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Dolih Gozali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Bandung Sumedang Km 21, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
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13
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Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang T, Zhao H, Fan S, Cai X, Liu Y, Li Z, Gao S, Li Y, Yu C. Analysis of biomarkers and metabolic pathways in patients with unstable angina based on ultra‑high‑performance liquid chromatography‑quadrupole time‑of‑flight mass spectrometry. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3862-3872. [PMID: 32901869 PMCID: PMC7533448 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Unstable angina (UA) is a coronary disease with a high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The present study aimed to use non-invasive techniques to identify urine biomarkers in patients with UA, so as to provide more information for the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Based on metabolomics, urine samples from 28 patients with UA and 28 healthy controls (HCs) were analyzed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF/MS). A total of 16 significant biomarkers that could distinguish between patients with UA and HCs, including D-glucuronic acid, creatinine, succinic acid and N-acetylneuraminic acid, were identified. The major metabolic pathways associated with UA were subsequently analyzed by non-targeted metabolomics. The results demonstrated that amino acid and energy metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, purine metabolism and steroid hormone biosynthetic metabolism may serve important roles in UA. The results of the current study may provide a theoretical basis for the early diagnosis of UA and novel treatment strategies for clinicians. The trial was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registration Center (registration no. ChiCTR-ROC-17013957) at Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuechen Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Tianpu Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Simiao Fan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Xuemeng Cai
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Zhu Li
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Shan Gao
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Yubo Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
| | - Chunquan Yu
- Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China
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14
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Panday S, Talreja R, Kavdia M. The role of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase in regulating cellular level of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. Microvasc Res 2020; 131:104010. [PMID: 32335268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) and GSH/glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzyme system is essential for normal intracellular homeostasis and gets disturbed under pathophysiologic conditions including endothelial dysfunction. Overproduction of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) including superoxide (O2•-), and the loss of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability is a characteristic of endothelial dysfunction. The GSH/GPX system play an important role in eliminating ROS/RNS. Studies have provided important information regarding the interactions of ROS/RNS with the GSH/GPX in biological systems; however, it is not clear how this cross talk affect these reactive species and GSH/GPX enzyme system, under physiologic and oxidative/nitrosative stress conditions. In the present study, we developed a detailed endothelial cell kinetic model to understand the relationship amongst the key enzyme systems including GSH, GPX, peroxiredoxin (Prx) and reactive species, such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and dinitrogen trioxide (N2O3). Our simulation results showed that the alterations in the generation rates of O2•- and NO led to the formation of a wide range of ROS and RNS. Simulations performed by varying the ratio of O2•- to NO generation rates as well as GSH and GPX concentrations showed that the GPX reducing capacity was dependent on GSH availability, level of oxidative/nitrosative stress, and can be attributed to N2O3 levels, but not to H2O2 and ONOO-. Our results showed that N2O3 mediated switch-like depletion in GSH and the incorporation of Prx had no considerable effect on the ROS/RNS species other than ONOO- and H2O2. The analysis presented in this study will improve our understanding of vascular diseases in which the levels and oxidation states of GSH, GPX and/or Prx are significantly altered and pharmacological interventions show limited benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Panday
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Raghav Talreja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America
| | - Mahendra Kavdia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, United States of America.
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15
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Negre-Salvayre A, Guerby P, Gayral S, Laffargue M, Salvayre R. Role of reactive oxygen species in atherosclerosis: Lessons from murine genetic models. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 149:8-22. [PMID: 31669759 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic and inflammatory disease of medium and large arteries, and the major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis involves a number of risk factors and complex events including hypercholesterolemia, endothelial dysfunction, increased permeability to low density lipoproteins (LDL) and their sequestration on extracellular matrix in the intima of lesion-prone areas. These events promote LDL modifications, particularly by oxidation, which generates acute and chronic inflammatory responses implicated in atherogenesis and lesion progression. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) (which include both free radical and non-free radical oxygen intermediates), play a key-role at each step of atherogenesis, in endothelial dysfunction, LDL oxidation, and inflammatory events involved in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis lesions. Most advanced knowledge supporting the "oxidative theory of atherosclerosis" i.e. the nature and the cellular sources of ROS and antioxidant defences, as well as the mechanisms involved in the redox balance, is based on the use of genetically engineered animals, i.e. transgenic, genetically modified, or altered for systems producing or neutralizing ROS in the vessels. This review summarizes the results obtained from animals genetically manipulated for various sources of ROS or antioxidant defences in the vascular wall, and their relevance (advance or limitation), for understanding the place and role of ROS in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Guerby
- Inserm U-1048, Université de Toulouse, France; Pôle de gynécologie obstétrique, Hôpital Paule-de-Viguier, CHU de Toulouse, France
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16
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Kader T, Porteous CM, Jones GT, Dickerhof N, Narayana VK, Tull D, Taraknath S, McCormick SPA. Ribose-cysteine protects against the development of atherosclerosis in apoE-deficient mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228415. [PMID: 32084149 PMCID: PMC7034848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribose-cysteine is a synthetic compound designed to increase glutathione (GSH) synthesis. Low levels of GSH and the GSH-dependent enzyme, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in both mice and humans. Here we investigate the effect of ribose-cysteine on GSH, GPx, oxidised lipids and atherosclerosis development in apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mice. Female 12-week old apoE-/- mice (n = 15) were treated with 4-5 mg/day ribose-cysteine in drinking water for 8 weeks or left untreated. Blood and livers were assessed for GSH, GPx activity and 8-isoprostanes. Plasma alanine transferase (ALT) and lipid levels were measured. Aortae were quantified for atherosclerotic lesion area in the aortic sinus and brachiocephalic arch and 8-isoprostanes measured. Ribose-cysteine treatment significantly reduced ALT levels (p<0.0005) in the apoE-/- mice. Treatment promoted a significant increase in GSH concentrations in the liver (p<0.05) and significantly increased GPx activity in the liver and erythrocytes of apoE-/-mice (p<0.005). The level of 8-isoprostanes were significantly reduced in the livers and arteries of apoE-/- mice (p<0.05 and p<0.0005, respectively). Ribose-cysteine treatment showed a significant decrease in total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (p<0.05) with no effect on other plasma lipids with the LDL reduction likely through upregulation of scavenger receptor-B1 (SR-B1). Ribose-cysteine treatment significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion area by >50% in both the aortic sinus and brachiocephalic branch (p<0.05). Ribose-cysteine promotes a significant GSH-based antioxidant effect in multiple tissues as well as an LDL-lowering response. These effects are accompanied by a marked reduction in atherosclerosis suggesting that ribose-cysteine might increase protection against CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanjina Kader
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Carolyn M. Porteous
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Gregory T. Jones
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Nina Dickerhof
- Centre for Free Radical Research, Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Vinod K. Narayana
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dedreia Tull
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sreya Taraknath
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sally P. A. McCormick
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- * E-mail:
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17
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Leber A, Hontecillas R, Zoccoli-Rodriguez V, Bienert C, Chauhan J, Bassaganya-Riera J. Activation of NLRX1 by NX-13 Alleviates Inflammatory Bowel Disease through Immunometabolic Mechanisms in CD4 + T Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 203:3407-3415. [PMID: 31694910 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex autoimmune disease with dysfunction in pattern-recognition responses, including within the NLR family. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine rich repeat containing X1 (NLRX1) is a unique NLR with regulatory and anti-inflammatory functions resulting in protection from IBD in mouse models. NX-13 is an orally active, gut-restricted novel drug candidate that selectively targets and activates the NLRX1 pathway locally in the gut. In vitro and in vivo efficacy of NLRX1 activation by NX-13 was examined. Oral treatment with NX-13 alleviates disease severity, colonic leukocytic infiltration, and cytokine markers of inflammation in three mouse models of IBD (dextran sulfate sodium, Mdr1a-/-, and CD45RBhi adoptive transfer). Treatment of naive CD4+ T cells with NX-13 in vitro decreases differentiation into Th1 and Th17 subsets with increased oxidative phosphorylation and decreased NF-κB activation and reactive oxygen species. With stimulation by PMA/ionomycin, TNF-α, or H2O2, PBMCs from ulcerative colitis patients treated with NX-13 had decreased NF-κB activity, TNF-α+ and IFN-γ+ CD4+ T cells and overall production of IL-6, MCP1, and IL-8. NX-13 activates NLRX1 to mediate a resistance to both inflammatory signaling and oxidative stress in mouse models and human primary cells from ulcerative colitis patients with effects on NF-κB activity and oxidative phosphorylation. NX-13 is a promising oral, gut-restricted NLRX1 agonist for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Leber
- Landos Biopharma, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060; and.,BioTherapeutics, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060
| | - Raquel Hontecillas
- Landos Biopharma, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060; and.,BioTherapeutics, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060
| | | | | | | | - Josep Bassaganya-Riera
- Landos Biopharma, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060; and .,BioTherapeutics, Inc., Blacksburg, VA 24060
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18
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El-Deeb W, Ghoneim I, Fayez M, Elsohaby I, Alhaider A, ElGioushy M. Acute phase proteins, proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress biomarkers in sheep, goats and she-camels with Coxiella burnetii infection-induced abortion. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 67:101352. [PMID: 31568899 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2019.101352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Acute phase proteins (APPs) and oxidative stress are helpful markers in diagnosis of several infectious diseases. APPs, proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress markers were evaluated for their role in the diagnosis of naturally acquired Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) associated with abortion in sheep, goats and she-camels. Blood, aborted materials and vaginal swabs were collected from mixed herds in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Antioxidant biomarkers showed significant decline in cases of abortion compared to control animals at delivery time. The correlation between disease status and all parameters ranged from moderate to high. The APPs, cytokines and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) displayed a high degree of distinction between aborted sheep and goat and normal delivered animals (AUC > 0.90). However, only MDA showed a high degree of differentiation (AUC > 0.90) between aborted she-camels and normal delivered controls. In conclusion, results from our study allow us to recommend using APPs, cytokines and oxidative stress markers as an additional tool for diagnosis of naturally occurring C. burnetii infection in sheep, goats and she-camels. However, it does not replace standard procedures for detection of C. burnetii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael El-Deeb
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Al-Hofuf P.O. 400, Saudi Arabia; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Ibrahim Ghoneim
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Al-Hofuf P.O. 400, Saudi Arabia; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Fayez
- Ministry of Agriculture, Al Ahsa Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Saudi Arabia; Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim Elsohaby
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PEI, Canada
| | - Abdulrahman Alhaider
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Al-Hofuf P.O. 400, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magdy ElGioushy
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
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19
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Glutathione peroxidases in poultry biology: Part 1. Classification and mechanisms of action. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1017/s0043933918000284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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20
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Wu SL, Wei TY, Lin SW, Su KY, Kuo CH. Metabolomics Investigation of Voriconazole-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:1840-1849. [PMID: 31411454 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Voriconazole (VCZ) is a widely used triazole drug for the treatment of serious incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFIs), and its most commonly reported clinical side effect is hepatotoxicity. The mechanism of VCZ-induced hepatotoxicity is unclear, and no specific marker can be used for prediction and diagnosis. This study aims to apply the targeted metabolomics approach to identify specific VCZ-induced metabolites related to hepatotoxicity via liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QqQ-MS) in a C57BL/6 mouse model. Mice treated with three repeated doses of 40 mg/kg VCZ by tail vein injection to induce hepatotoxicity (VCZ-induced hepatotoxicity group, n = 8) were compared with mice without treatment (control group, n = 10). Both liver tissue and plasma were collected and analyzed to propose underlying mechanisms associated with VCZ-induced hepatotoxicity. The results indicated that the metabolites associated with oxidative stress were altered, and alterations in the metabolites involved in glutathione biosynthesis were noticed. The ratio of glutamine to glutamate showed a significant reduction in the VCZ-induced hepatotoxicity group compared to the control group, suggesting that glutamine might be transformed into glutamate for glutathione biosynthesis. Accordingly, we proposed that VCZ-induced hepatotoxicity is associated with oxidative stress to cause cell dysfunction, leading to alterations in energy metabolism, the urea cycle, and nucleoside metabolism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to apply metabolomics for investigating the mechanism of VCZ-induced hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Lun Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , No. 33, Linsen S. Road , Taipei City 100 , Taiwan
| | - Ting-Yu Wei
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , No. 33, Linsen S. Road , Taipei City 100 , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Wen Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , No. 33, Linsen S. Road , Taipei City 100 , Taiwan
| | - Kang-Yi Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen-Ai Road , Taipei 10055 , Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine , National Taiwan University Hospital , No. 7, Chung Shan S. Road , Taipei City 10002 , Taiwan.,Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program , National Taiwan University and Academia Sinica , No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan.,Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine , National Taiwan University , No. 2, Xuzhou Road , Taipei City 10055 , Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hua Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine , National Taiwan University , No. 33, Linsen S. Road , Taipei City 100 , Taiwan.,Centers of Genomic and Precision Medicine , National Taiwan University , No. 2, Xuzhou Road , Taipei City 10055 , Taiwan.,Department of Pharmacy , National Taiwan University Hospital , No. 7, Chung-Shan S. Road , Taipei City 10002 , Taiwan
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21
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Scicchitano P, Cortese F, Gesualdo M, De Palo M, Massari F, Giordano P, Ciccone MM. The role of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in cerebrovascular diseases. Free Radic Res 2019; 53:579-595. [PMID: 31106620 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2019.1620939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Scicchitano
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital “F. Perinei”, Altamura, Italy
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesca Cortese
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Micaela De Palo
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Mater Dei Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Paola Giordano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology – Paediatric Unit, Policlinico Hospital, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Matteo Ciccone
- Section of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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22
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Perez RV, Machado CG, Santos-Bezerra DP, Admoni SN, Patente TA, Monteiro MB, Cavaleiro AM, Queiroz MS, Nery M, Corrêa-Giannella ML. Allelic variations in genes belonging to glutathione system increase proliferative retinopathy risk in type 1 diabetes individuals. Gene 2019; 703:120-124. [PMID: 30959073 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Given the participation of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications, we evaluated, in type 1 diabetes (T1D) individuals, the association between diabetic retinopathy (DR) and functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in regulatory regions of two genes belonging to the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) system: rs17883901 in GCLC and rs713041 in GPX4. METHODS A cross-sectional case-control study included 288 individuals (61% women, 34[±11] years old, diabetes duration of 22[±9] years, mean [±SD]) sorted according to DR stages: absence of DR (ADR), non-proliferative DR (NPDR) and proliferative DR (PDR). SNPs were genotyped by real-time PCR using fluorescent labelled probes. Logistic regression models with adjustment for confounding covariates were employed. RESULTS The presence of at least one T-allele of rs17883901 in GCLC was an independent risk factor for PDR (OR 4.13, 95% CI 1.38-13.66, p = 0.014) in a polytomous regression model (PDR versus ADR). The presence of at least one T-allele of rs713041 in GPX4 conferred protection against PDR (OR 0.30, 95% CI 0.11-0.80, p = 0.017) in female T1D individuals. CONCLUSION The functional SNPs rs17883901 and rs713041 modulate the risk for PDR in the studied population of T1D individuals, widening the spectrum of candidate genes for this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Vessoni Perez
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala: 3324, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Cleide Guimarães Machado
- Divisao de Oftalmologia, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255 - sala: 6119, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Daniele Pereira Santos-Bezerra
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala: 3324, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Sharon Nina Admoni
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala: 3324, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Thiago Andrade Patente
- Laboratório de Imunologia de Tumores, Departamento de Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas ICB, Universidade de São Paulo. Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 1730, Sao Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Maria Beatriz Monteiro
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala: 3324, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Ana Mercedes Cavaleiro
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala: 3324, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Márcia Silva Queiroz
- Divisao de Endocrinologia, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255 - Sala: 7037, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Márcia Nery
- Divisao de Endocrinologia, HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255 - Sala: 7037, Sao Paulo, SP, 05403-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Corrêa-Giannella
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaio (LIM-18), Hospital das Clinicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Sao Paulo. Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455 - Sala: 3324, Sao Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina, Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE). Rua Vergueiro 235, São Paulo, SP, 01504-001, Brazil.
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Vallejo A, Chami B, Dennis JM, Simone M, Ahmad G, Abdo AI, Sharma A, Shihata WA, Martin N, Chin-Dusting JPF, de Haan JB, Witting PK. NFκB Inhibition Mitigates Serum Amyloid A-Induced Pro-Atherogenic Responses in Endothelial Cells and Leukocyte Adhesion and Adverse Changes to Endothelium Function in Isolated Aorta. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 20:ijms20010105. [PMID: 30597899 PMCID: PMC6337750 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The acute phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) is associated with endothelial dysfunction and early-stage atherogenesis. Stimulation of vascular cells with SAA increases gene expression of pro-inflammation cytokines and tissue factor (TF). Activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappa-B (NFκB), may be central to SAA-mediated endothelial cell inflammation, dysfunction and pro-thrombotic responses, while targeting NFκB with a pharmacologic inhibitor, BAY11-7082, may mitigate SAA activity. Human carotid artery endothelial cells (HCtAEC) were pre-incubated (1.5 h) with 10 μM BAY11-7082 or vehicle (control) followed by SAA (10 μg/mL; 4.5 h). Under these conditions gene expression for TF and Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) increased in SAA-treated HCtAEC and pre-treatment with BAY11-7082 significantly (TNF) and marginally (TF) reduced mRNA expression. Intracellular TNF and interleukin 6 (IL-6) protein also increased in HCtAEC supplemented with SAA and this expression was inhibited by BAY11-7082. Supplemented BAY11-7082 also significantly decreased SAA-mediated leukocyte adhesion to apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse aorta in exvivo vascular flow studies. In vascular function studies, isolated aortic rings pre-treated with BAY11-7082 prior to incubation with SAA showed improved endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation and increased vascular cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content. Together these data suggest that inhibition of NFκB activation may protect endothelial function by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic activities of SAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Vallejo
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Belal Chami
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Joanne M Dennis
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Martin Simone
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Gulfam Ahmad
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Adrian I Abdo
- Heart Research Institute, Newton, NSW 2053, Australia.
| | - Arpeeta Sharma
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Victoria 3004, Australia.
| | - Waled A Shihata
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Victoria 3004, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3500, Australia.
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University £Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Nathan Martin
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Jaye P F Chin-Dusting
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Victoria 3004, Australia.
- Department of Medicine, Monash University, Victoria 3500, Australia.
- Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University £Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Victoria 3800, Australia.
| | - Judy B de Haan
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Victoria 3004, Australia.
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Victoria 3004, Australia.
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Paul K Witting
- Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia.
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24
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Wohlrab P, Soto-Gonzales L, Benesch T, Winter MP, Lang IM, Markstaller K, Tretter V, Klein KU. Intermittent Hypoxia Activates Duration-Dependent Protective and Injurious Mechanisms in Mouse Lung Endothelial Cells. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1754. [PMID: 30574096 PMCID: PMC6291480 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent hypoxia is a major factor in clinical conditions like the obstructive sleep apnea syndrome or the cyclic recruitment and derecruitment of atelectasis in acute respiratory distress syndrome and positive pressure mechanical ventilation. In vivo investigations of the direct impact of intermittent hypoxia are frequently hampered by multiple co-morbidities of patients. Therefore, cell culture experiments are important model systems to elucidate molecular mechanisms that are involved in the cellular response to alternating oxygen conditions and could represent future targets for tailored therapies. In this study, we focused on mouse lung endothelial cells as a first frontier to encounter altered oxygen due to disturbances in airway or lung function, that play an important role in the development of secondary diseases like vascular disease and pulmonary hypertension. We analyzed key markers for endothelial function including cell adhesion molecules, molecules involved in regulation of fibrinolysis, hemostasis, redox balance, and regulators of gene expression like miRNAs. Results show that short-time exposure to intermittent hypoxia has little impact on vitality and health of cells. At early timepoints and up to 24 h, many endothelial markers are unchanged in their expression and some indicators of injury are even downregulated. However, in the long-term, multiple signaling pathways are activated, that ultimately result in cellular inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wohlrab
- Department of Anaesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lourdes Soto-Gonzales
- Department of Anaesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Benesch
- Institute for International Development, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Max Paul Winter
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Marthe Lang
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Markstaller
- Department of Anaesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Tretter
- Department of Anaesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Ulrich Klein
- Department of Anaesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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25
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Sultan CS, Saackel A, Stank A, Fleming T, Fedorova M, Hoffmann R, Wade RC, Hecker M, Wagner AH. Impact of carbonylation on glutathione peroxidase-1 activity in human hyperglycemic endothelial cells. Redox Biol 2018; 16:113-122. [PMID: 29499564 PMCID: PMC5952877 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS High levels of glucose and reactive carbonyl intermediates of its degradation pathway such as methylglyoxal (MG) may contribute to diabetic complications partly via increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study focused on glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) expression and the impact of carbonylation as an oxidative protein modification on GPx1 abundance and activity in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) under conditions of mild to moderate oxidative stress. RESULTS High extracellular glucose and MG enhanced intracellular ROS formation in HUVECs. Protein carbonylation was only transiently augmented pointing to an effective antioxidant defense in these cells. Nitric oxide synthase expression was decreased under hyperglycemic conditions but increased upon exposure to MG, whereas superoxide dismutase expression was not significantly affected. Increased glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity seemed to compensate for a decrease in GPx1 protein due to enhanced degradation via the proteasome. Mass spectrometry analysis identified Lys-114 as a possible carbonylation target which provides a vestibule for the substrate H2O2 and thus enhances the enzymatic reaction. INNOVATION Oxidative protein carbonylation has so far been associated with functional inactivation of modified target proteins mainly contributing to aging and age-related diseases. Here, we demonstrate that mild oxidative stress and subsequent carbonylation seem to activate protective cellular redox signaling pathways whereas severe oxidative stress overwhelms the cellular antioxidant defense leading to cell damage. CONCLUSIONS This study may contribute to a better understanding of redox homeostasis and its role in the development of diabetes and related vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl S Sultan
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Andrea Saackel
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Antonia Stank
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Heidelberg D-69118, Germany; Heidelberg Graduate School of Mathematical and Computational Methods for the Sciences, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Thomas Fleming
- Department of Medicine I and Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Ralf Hoffmann
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig D-04103, Germany
| | - Rebecca C Wade
- Molecular and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical Studies (HITS), Heidelberg D-69118, Germany; Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing (IWR), Heidelberg D-69120, Germany; Center for Molecular Biology of the University of Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Markus Hecker
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany
| | - Andreas H Wagner
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany.
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26
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Liu H, Xu H, Huang K. Selenium in the prevention of atherosclerosis and its underlying mechanisms. Metallomics 2017; 9:21-37. [PMID: 28009916 DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00195e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) represent the greatest threats to human health worldwide. Selenium, an essential trace element, is incorporated into selenoproteins that play a crucial role in human health and disease. Although findings from a limited number of randomized trials have been inconsistent and cannot support a protective role of Se supplementation in CVDs, prospective observational studies have generally shown a significant inverse association between selenium or selenoprotein status and CVD risk. Furthermore, a benefit of selenium supplementation in the prevention of CVDs has been seen in population with low baseline selenium status. Evidence from animal studies shows consistent results that selenium and selenoproteins might prevent experimental atherosclerosis, which can be explained by the molecular and cellular effects of selenium observed both in animal models and cell cultures. Selenoproteins of particular relevance to atherosclerosis are glutathione peroxidases, thioredoxin reductase 1, selenoprotein P, selenoprotein S. The present review is focusing on the existing evidence that supports the concept that optimal selenium intake can prevent atherosclerosis. Its underlying mechanisms include inhibiting oxidative stress, modulating inflammation, suppressing endothelial dysfunction, and protecting vascular cells against apoptosis and calcification. However, the benefit of selenium supplementation in the prevention of atherosclerosis remains insufficiently documented so far. Future studies with regard to the effects of selenium supplementation on atherosclerosis should consider many factors, especially the baseline selenium status, the dose and forms of selenium supplementation, and the selenoprotein genotype. Additionally, much more studies are needed to confirm the roles of selenoproteins in atherosclerosis prevention and clarify the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China. and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Huibi Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China. and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaixun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China. and Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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27
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Carretón E, Cerón JJ, Martínez-Subiela S, Tvarijonaviciute A, Caro-Vadillo A, Montoya-Alonso JA. Acute phase proteins and markers of oxidative stress to assess the severity of the pulmonary hypertension in heartworm-infected dogs. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:477. [PMID: 29143686 PMCID: PMC5688428 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine heartworm infection is characterized by pulmonary endarteritis and pulmonary hypertension (PH). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between PH with the concentrations of different positive (C-reactive protein [CRP] and haptoglobin [Hp]) and negative (albumin and paraoxonase-1 [PON-1]) acute phase proteins (APP), as well as the oxidative stress, by measuring glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in 27 heartworm-infected dogs on Day 0 (diagnosis) and Day 120 (1 month after the last adulticide injection). Presence/absence of PH was determined by the Right Pulmonary Artery Distensibility (RPAD) Index. Results On Day 0, 62.9% of the dogs showed PH. Concentrations of CRP and Hp were higher in dogs with PH, especially in dogs with moderate-severe PH (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively). Albumin and PON-1 concentrations were higher in dogs without PH (P < 0.05 for albumin). On Day 120, 59.2% of the dogs presented with PH; CRP decreased while Hp increased (P < 0.005 and P < 0.05, respectively). Also, albumin and PON-1 rose, especially in absence of PH. There were not significant changes in the serum values of GPx and TAC. Conclusions CRP and Hp have a potential prognostic role in dogs with dirofilariasis because increases in positive APP correlated with presence and severity of PH. CRP decreased, but Hp persisted at an elevated level in dogs with PH 1 month after the end of the adulticide treatment. CRP and Hp could work as early biomarkers of PH and be useful to stage the disease and to monitor the evolution of the patient and indirectly evaluate the persistence of arterial damage after the parasites have been eliminated. Albumin and PON-1 also showed potential value as markers of PH, although further research is necessary to determine its utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Carretón
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413-Arucas, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - José Joaquín Cerón
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Silvia Martínez-Subiela
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), Veterinary School, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alicia Caro-Vadillo
- Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alberto Montoya-Alonso
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Trasmontaña s/n, 35413-Arucas, Las Palmas, Gran Canaria, Spain
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28
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Szewczyk-Golec K, Grzelakowski P, Ługowski T, Kędziora J. The effects of percutaneous transluminal coronary intervention on biomarkers of oxidative stress in the erythrocytes of elderly male patients. Redox Rep 2017; 22:315-322. [PMID: 27866469 PMCID: PMC6837639 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2016.1257754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress plays a key role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and elective coronary angiography (EC) on erythrocytic antioxidant defense in elderly male patients. METHODS Twenty-three stable angina pectoris (SAP) patients undergoing PTCA and 18 patients with ischemic symptoms scheduled to undergo diagnostic EC were included in the study. The concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) and the activities of Zn,Cu-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), catalase (CAT), and cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were examined in the erythrocytes before, immediately after and 2 weeks following PTCA or EC. RESULTS The MDA concentrations were significantly higher and SOD-1, CAT, and GSH-Px activities were significantly lower in the PTCA group than in the EC group at baseline. Two weeks after treatment, the activities of the enzymes significantly increased in both groups, whereas the MDA concentrations decreased only in the PTCA patients. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm that an advanced state of atherosclerosis is related to greater levels of oxidative stress. The study indicates that both procedures may induce antioxidant defenses; however, PTCA exclusively induces a long-term reduction in lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Szewczyk-Golec
- Chair of Medical Biology, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Paweł Grzelakowski
- Clinic of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, 10. Military Training Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Ługowski
- Clinic of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, 10. Military Training Hospital, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Józef Kędziora
- Department of Biochemistry, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Poland
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29
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The nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2) activator dh404 protects against diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:33. [PMID: 28253885 PMCID: PMC5335831 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0513-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vascular dysfunction is a pivotal event in the development of diabetes-associated vascular disease. Increased inflammation and oxidative stress are major contributors to vascular dysfunction. Nrf2, a master regulator of several anti-oxidant genes and a suppressor of inflammatory NF-κB, has potential as a target to combat oxidative stress and inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a novel Nrf2 activator, the bardoxolone methyl derivative dh404, on endothelial function in vitro and in vivo. Methods dh404 at 3 mg/kg was administered to male Akita mice, an established diabetic mouse model of insulin insufficiency and hyperglycemia, from 6 weeks of age. At 26 weeks of age, vascular reactivity was assessed by wire myography, pro-inflammatory expression was assessed in the aortas by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, and systemic and vascular oxidative stress measurements were determined. Additionally, studies in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) derived from normal and diabetic patients in the presence or absence of dh404 included assessment of pro-inflammatory genes by qRT-PCR and western blotting. Oxidative stress was assessed by three methods; L-012, DCFDA and amplex red. Static adhesion assays were performed to determine the leukocyte–endothelial interaction in the presence or absence of dh404. Results Dh404 significantly attenuated endothelial dysfunction in diabetic Akita mice characterized by reduced contraction in response to phenylephrine and the downregulation of inflammatory genes (VCAM-1, ICAM-1, p65, IL-1β) and pro-oxidant genes (Nox1 and Nox2). Furthermore, reduced systemic and vascular oxidative stress levels were observed in diabetic Akita mice. dh404 exhibited cytoprotective effects in diabetic HAECs in vitro, reflected by significant upregulation of Nrf2-responsive genes, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), reduction of oxidative stress markers (O2·− and H2O2), inhibition of inflammatory genes (VCAM-1 and the p65 subunit of NF-κB) and attenuation of leukocyte–endothelial interactions (P < 0.05 for all in vitro and in vivo parameters; one or two-way ANOVA as appropriate with post hoc testing). Conclusion These studies demonstrate that upregulation of Nrf2 by dh404 represents a novel therapeutic strategy to limit diabetes-associated vascular injury. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12933-017-0513-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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30
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Förstermann U, Xia N, Li H. Roles of Vascular Oxidative Stress and Nitric Oxide in the Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2017; 120:713-735. [DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.309326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 692] [Impact Index Per Article: 98.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Major reactive oxygen species (ROS)–producing systems in vascular wall include NADPH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidase, xanthine oxidase, the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and uncoupled endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase. ROS at moderate concentrations have important signaling roles under physiological conditions. Excessive or sustained ROS production, however, when exceeding the available antioxidant defense systems, leads to oxidative stress. Animal studies have provided compelling evidence demonstrating the roles of vascular oxidative stress and NO in atherosclerosis. All established cardiovascular risk factors such as hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking enhance ROS generation and decrease endothelial NO production. Key molecular events in atherogenesis such as oxidative modification of lipoproteins and phospholipids, endothelial cell activation, and macrophage infiltration/activation are facilitated by vascular oxidative stress and inhibited by endothelial NO. Atherosclerosis develops preferentially in vascular regions with disturbed blood flow (arches, branches, and bifurcations). The fact that these sites are associated with enhanced oxidative stress and reduced endothelial NO production is a further indication for the roles of ROS and NO in atherosclerosis. Therefore, prevention of vascular oxidative stress and improvement of endothelial NO production represent reasonable therapeutic strategies in addition to the treatment of established risk factors (hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Förstermann
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (U.F., N.X., H.L.); Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (H.L.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany (H.L.)
| | - Ning Xia
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (U.F., N.X., H.L.); Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (H.L.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany (H.L.)
| | - Huige Li
- From the Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (U.F., N.X., H.L.); Center for Translational Vascular Biology (CTVB), Johannes Gutenberg University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany (H.L.); and German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany (H.L.)
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31
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Mourino-Alvarez L, Baldan-Martin M, Gonzalez-Calero L, Martinez-Laborde C, Sastre-Oliva T, Moreno-Luna R, Lopez-Almodovar LF, Sanchez PL, Fernandez-Aviles F, Vivanco F, Padial LR, Akerstrom F, Alvarez-Llamas G, de la Cuesta F, Barderas MG. Patients with calcific aortic stenosis exhibit systemic molecular evidence of ischemia, enhanced coagulation, oxidative stress and impaired cholesterol transport. Int J Cardiol 2016; 225:99-106. [PMID: 27716559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2016.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most common valve diseases are calcific aortic stenosis (AS) and aortic regurgitation (AR). The former is characterized by thickening of valve leaflets followed by progressive calcification, which produces progressive aortic valve (AV) narrowing, increased pressure afterload on the left ventricle (LV) and subsequent LV hypertrophy. On the other hand, AR is due to malcoaptation of the valve leaflets with resultant diastolic reflux of blood from aorta back to the LV producing volume and pressure overload and progressive LV dilatation. In order to isolate the molecular mechanisms taking place during AS, we have used an integrated "-omic" approach to compare plasma samples from AS and from AR patients used as controls. The final purpose of this work is to find molecular changes in response to the calcification of the AV, diminishing the effects of the AV dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS Using two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in a cohort of 6 subjects, we have found differences in 24 protein spots and 19 metabolites, respectively. Among them, 7 proteins and 3 metabolites have been verificated by orthogonal techniques (SRM or turbidimetry): fibrinogen beta and gamma chain, vitronectin, apolipoprotein C-II, antithrombin III, haptoglobin, succinic acid, pyroglutamic acid and alanine. Classification according to their main function showed alterations related to coagulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, response to ischemia and lipid metabolism, defining 4 different molecular panels that characterize AS with high specificity and sensitivity. CONCLUSION These results may facilitate management of these patients by making faster diagnostics of the disease and better understand these pathways for regulating its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mourino-Alvarez
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Montserrat Baldan-Martin
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | - Tamara Sastre-Oliva
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Rafael Moreno-Luna
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Pedro L Sanchez
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca-IBSAL, Salamanca, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Fernando Vivanco
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis R Padial
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - Finn Akerstrom
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | | | - Fernando de la Cuesta
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - María G Barderas
- Department of Vascular Physiopathology, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain.
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