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Catalina Suarez Murcia J, Sambusiti C, Grassl B, Monlau F. Contaminants, biochemical methane potential, and biodegradability of different bio-waste categories: guidance for anaerobic digestion. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 411:131294. [PMID: 39153699 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.131294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the anaerobic digestion suitability of bio-waste from different sources by comparing their biochemical methane potential (BMP), biodegradability (BI), and content of contaminants (heavy metals and physical impurities) - an often-overlooked factor but one of particular concern in bio-waste. Predominant heavy metals included Cu and Zn, while recurring physical impurities comprised plastics and organic non-biodegradable matter. Food waste from food processing plants were most suitable, exhibiting low contamination and high biogas conversion (BMP > 549 NmLCH4/gVS and BI > 86 %). Conversely, organic fractions from mechanical biological treatment were highly contaminated, while green waste displayed low biogas conversion (BMP < 368 NmLCH4/gVS and BI < 72 %). Food waste from households and medium/large-sized producers also demonstrated high biogas conversion, but variable contamination levels could compromise their suitability. Assessing contaminants alongside BMP and BI provides a comprehensive approach for selecting suitable bio-waste feedstocks that can be introduced in biogas plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Catalina Suarez Murcia
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS/UPPA, IPREM - Technopôle Helioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France; TotalEnergies, Onetech, CSTJF - Avenue Larribau, 64018, Pau, France; TotalEnergies, Onetech, PERL ESD - Pôle Economique 2, BP 47 - RD 817, 64170, Lacq, France
| | | | - Bruno Grassl
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS/UPPA, IPREM - Technopôle Helioparc, 2 Avenue du Président Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Florian Monlau
- TotalEnergies, Onetech, PERL ESD - Pôle Economique 2, BP 47 - RD 817, 64170, Lacq, France.
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2
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Sahoo A, Dwivedi A, Madheshiya P, Kumar U, Sharma RK, Tiwari S. Insights into the management of food waste in developing countries: with special reference to India. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:17887-17913. [PMID: 37271790 PMCID: PMC10239724 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27901-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Up to one third of the food that is purposely grown for human sustenance is wasted and never consumed, with adverse consequences for the environment and socio-economic aspects. In India, managing food waste is a significant environmental concern. Food waste output is increasing in Indian cities and towns as a result of the country's urban expansion, modernization, and population growth. Poor management of food waste can have negative consequences for the environment and pose a risk to the public's health issues. This review focuses on the current challenges, management strategies, and future perspectives of food waste management in India. The efficient management of food waste involves a comprehensive study regarding the characterization of food waste and improved waste management methods. In addition, the government policies and rules for managing food waste that is in effect in India are covered in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ansuman Sahoo
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Akanksha Dwivedi
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Parvati Madheshiya
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Umesh Kumar
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Sharma
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Supriya Tiwari
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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3
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Song C, Cai F, Yang S, Wang L, Liu G, Chen C. Machine learning-based prediction of methane production from lignocellulosic wastes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 393:129953. [PMID: 37914053 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
The biochemical methane potential test is a standard method to determine the biodegradability of lignocellulosic wastes (LWs) during anaerobic digestion (AD) with disadvantages of long experiment duration and high operating expense. This paper developed a machine learning model to predict the cumulative methane yield (CMY) using the data of 157 LWs regarding physicochemical characteristics, digestion condition and methane yield, with the coefficient of determination equal to 0.869. Model interpretability analyses underscored lignin content, organic loading, and nitrogen content as pivotal attributes for CMY prediction. For the feedstocks with a cellulose content exceeding about 50%, the CMY in the early AD stage would be relatively lower than those with low cellulose content, but prolonging digestion time could promote methane production. Besides, lignin content in feedstock surpassing 15% would significantly inhibit methane production. This work contributes to valuable guidance for feedstock selection and operation optimization for AD plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fanfan Cai
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shuang Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ligong Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Guangqing Liu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chang Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China.
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4
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Liu H, Zhen F, Wu D, Wang Z, Kong X, Li Y, Xing T, Sun Y. Co-production of lactate and volatile fatty acids through repeated-batch fermentation of fruit and vegetable waste: Effect of cycle time and replacement ratio. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 387:129678. [PMID: 37579859 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, repeated-batch fermentation was used to convert fruit and vegetable waste to lactate and volatile fatty acids (VFAs), which are essential carbon sources for medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) production. The effect of cycle time and replacement ratio on acidification in long-term fermentation was investigated. The results showed that they had a significant impact on product yield, productivity, and type of products. Considering the yield, productivity, and lactate/VFAs ratio, a replacement ratio of 30% and a cycle time of 2 d may be more suitable for further production of MCFAs. Its productivity and lactate/VFAs ratio were 4.07 ± 0.24 g/(L·d) and 5 ± 0.6, respectively. The lactic acid bacteria, such as Enterococcus (63%) and Lactobacillus (33%), stabilized in the reactor, resulting in the generation of both lactate and VFAs by heterolactic fermentation. The present study demonstrated a new strategy with the potential to recover high-value products from organic waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiliang Liu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Feng Zhen
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Di Wu
- Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xiaoying Kong
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Tao Xing
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Yongming Sun
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China
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5
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Silva PBVD, Brenelli LB, Mariutti LRB. Waste and by-products as sources of lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene - Integrative review with bibliometric analysis. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112838. [PMID: 37254412 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Food loss and waste are severe social, economic, and environmental issues. An example is the incorrect handling of waste or by-products used to obtain bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids. This review aimed to present a comprehensive overview of research on lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene obtained from waste and by-products. In this study, an integrative literature approach was coupled with bibliometric analysis to provide a broad perspective of the topic. PRISMA guidelines were used to search studies in the Web of Science database systematically. Articles were included if (1) employed waste or by-products to obtain lycopene, phytoene, and phytofluene or (2) performed applications of the carotenoids previously extracted from waste sources. Two hundred and four articles were included in the study, and the prevalent theme was research on the recovery of lycopene from tomato processing. However, the scarcity of studies on colorless carotenoids (phytoene and phytofluene) was evidenced, although these are generally associated with lycopene. Different technologies were used to extract lycopene from plant matrices, with a clear current trend toward choosing environmentally friendly alternatives. Microbial production of carotenoids from various wastes is a highly competitive alternative to conventional processes. The results described here can guide future forays into the subject, especially regarding research on phytoene and phytofluene, potential and untapped sources of carotenoids from waste and by-products, and in choosing more efficient, safe, and environmentally sustainable extraction protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Brivaldo Viana da Silva
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Lilian Regina Barros Mariutti
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 80, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Cavalcante WA, de Menezes CA, da Silva Júnior FCG, Gehring TA, Leitão RC, Zaiat M. From start-up to maximum loading: An approach for methane production in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor fed with the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 335:117578. [PMID: 36863146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This investigation provides a reproducible approach for determining the limits of an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor designed for the methanization of the liquid fraction of fruit and vegetable waste (FVWL). Two identical mesophilic UASB reactors were operated for 240 days with a three-day fixed hydraulic retention time and an organic load rate (OLR) increased from 1.8 to 10 gCOD L-1 d-1. Because of the previous estimation of flocculent-inoculum methanogenic activity, it was possible to design a safe OLR for the quick start-up of both UASB reactors. The operational variables obtained from the operation of the UASB reactors did not show statistical differences, ensuring the experiment's reproducibility. As a result, the reactors achieved methane yield close to 0.250 LCH4 gCOD-1 up to the OLR of 7.7 gCOD L-1 d-1. Furthermore, the maximum volumetric methane production rate of 2.0 LCH4 L-1 d-1 was discovered for the OLR ranges between 7.7 and 10 gCOD L-1 d-1. The possible overload at OLR of 10 gCOD L-1 d-1 resulted in a significant reduction of methane production in both UASB reactors. Based on the methanogenic activity of the UASB reactors sludge, a maximum loading capacity of approximately 8 gCOD L-1 d-1 was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willame A Cavalcante
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | | | - Francisco C G da Silva Júnior
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Tito A Gehring
- Institute of Urban Water Management and Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Universitätsstr.150, Bochum, 44801, Germany.
| | - Renato C Leitão
- Embrapa Tropical Agroindustry, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, ZIP 60511-110, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo (EESC/USP), Av. João Dagnone 1100, ZIP 13563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Rani GM, Pathania D, Umapathi R, Rustagi S, Huh YS, Gupta VK, Kaushik A, Chaudhary V. Agro-waste to sustainable energy: A green strategy of converting agricultural waste to nano-enabled energy applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162667. [PMID: 36894105 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The rising demands of the growing population have raised two significant global challenges viz. energy crisis and solid-waste management, ultimately leading to environmental deterioration. Agricultural waste (agro-waste) contributes to a large amount of globally produced solid waste, contaminating the environment, and raising human-health issues on improper management. It is essential for a circular economy to meet sustainable development goals and to design strategies to convert agro-waste into energy using nanotechnology-based processing strategies, by addressing the two significant challenges. This review illustrates the nano-strategic aspects of state-of-the-art agro-waste applications for energy harvesting and storage. It details the fundamentals related to converting agro-waste into energy resources in the form of green nanomaterials, biofuels, biogas, thermal energy, solar energy, triboelectricity, green hydrogen, and energy storage modules in supercapacitors and batteries. Besides, it highlights the challenges associated with agro-waste-to-green energy modules with their possible alternate solutions and advanced prospects. This comprehensive review will serve as a fundamental structure to guide future research on smart agro-waste management and nanotechnological innovations dedicated to its utilization for green energy applications without harming the environment. The nanomaterials assisted generation and storage of energy from agro-waste is touted to be the near-future of smart solid-waste management strategy for green and circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gokana Mohana Rani
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Diksha Pathania
- Animal Nutrition Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132001, India
| | - Reddicherla Umapathi
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttranchal University, Dehradun, Uttrakhand, India
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijai Kumar Gupta
- Biorefining and Advanced Materials Research Center, SRUC, Kings Buildings, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, United States; School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India.
| | - Vishal Chaudhary
- Department of Physics and Research Cell, Bhagini Nivedita College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India; SUMAN Laboratory (SUstainable Materials & Advanced Nanotechnology Lab), New Delhi 110072, India.
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Sonwai A, Pholchan P, Tippayawong N. Machine Learning Approach for Determining and Optimizing Influential Factors of Biogas Production from Lignocellulosic Biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 383:129235. [PMID: 37244314 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) was used to predict specific methane yields (SMY) with a dataset of 14 features from lignocellulosic biomass (LB) characteristics and operating conditions of completely mixed reactors under continuous feeding mode. The random forest (RF) model was best suited for predicting SMY with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.85 and root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.06. Biomass compositions greatly influenced SMYs from LB, and cellulose prevailed over lignin and biomass ratio as the most important feature. Impact of LB to manure ratio was assessed to optimize biogas production with the RF model. Under typical organic loading rates (OLR), optimum LB to manure ratio of 1:1 was identified. Experimental results confirmed influential factors revealed by the RF model and provided the highest SMY of 79.2% of the predicted value. Successful applications of ML for anaerobic digestion modelling and optimization specifically for LB were revealed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuchit Sonwai
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Patiroop Pholchan
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Nakorn Tippayawong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
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9
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Potential and Restrictions of Food-Waste Valorization through Fermentation Processes. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9030274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Food losses (FL) and waste (FW) occur throughout the food supply chain. These residues are disposed of on landfills producing environmental issues due to pollutants released into the air, water, and soil. Several research efforts have focused on upgrading FL and FW in a portfolio of added-value products and energy vectors. Among the most relevant research advances, biotechnological upgrading of these residues via fermentation has been demonstrated to be a potential valorization alternative. Despite the multiple investigations performed on the conversion of FL and FW, a lack of comprehensive and systematic literature reviews evaluating the potential of fermentative processes to upgrade different food residues has been identified. Therefore, this article reviews the use of FL and FW in fermentative processes considering the composition, operating conditions, platforms, fermentation product application, and restrictions. This review provides the framework of food residue fermentation based on reported applications, experimental, and theoretical data. Moreover, this review provides future research ideas based on the analyzed information. Thus, potential applications and restrictions of the FL and FW used for fermentative processes are highlighted. In the end, food residues fermentation must be considered a mandatory step toward waste minimization, a circular economy, and the development of more sustainable production and consumption patterns.
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Yasin M, Li L, Donovan-Mak M, Chen ZH, Panchal SK. Capsicum Waste as a Sustainable Source of Capsaicinoids for Metabolic Diseases. Foods 2023; 12:foods12040907. [PMID: 36832982 PMCID: PMC9956217 DOI: 10.3390/foods12040907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsaicinoids are pungent alkaloid compounds enriched with antioxidants, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, analgesics, anti-carcinogenic, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic properties. These compounds are primarily synthesised in the placenta of the fruit and then transported to other vegetative parts. Different varieties of capsicum and chillies contain different capsaicinoid concentrations. As capsicums and chillies are grown extensively throughout the world, their agricultural and horticultural production leads to significant amount of waste generation, in the form of fruits and plant biomass. Fruit wastes (placenta, seeds and unused fruits) and plant biowaste (stems and leaves) can serve as sources of capsaicinoids which can provide opportunities to extract these compounds for development of nutraceutical products using conventional or advanced extraction techniques. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin are two most abundantly found pungent compounds. Considering the health benefits of capsaicinoids, these compounds can help in reducing metabolic disease complications. The development of an advanced encapsulation therapy of safe and clinically effective oral capsaicinoid/capsaicin formulation seem to require evaluation of strategies to address challenges related to the dosage, limited half-life and bioavailability, adverse effects and pungency, and the impacts of other ligands antagonising the major capsaicinoid receptor.
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Agrawal A, Chaudhari PK, Ghosh P. Anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable waste: a critical review of associated challenges. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:24987-25012. [PMID: 35781666 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The depletion of fossil fuels coupled with stringent environmental laws has encouraged us to develop sustainable renewable energy. Due to its numerous benefits, anaerobic digestion (AD) has emerged as an environment-friendly technology. Biogas generated during AD is primarily a mixture of CH4 (65-70%) and CO2 (20-25%) and a potent energy source that can combat the energy crisis in today's world. Here, an attempt has been made to provide a broad understanding of AD and delineate the effect of various operational parameters influencing AD. The characteristics of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) and its feasibility as a potent substrate for AD have been studied. This review also covers traditional challenges in managing FVW via AD, the implementation of various bioreactor systems to manage large amounts of organic waste and their operational boundaries, microbial consortia involved in each phase of digestion, and various strategies to increase biogas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Agrawal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, C.G, India
| | | | - Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, C.G, India.
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12
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Biomethane generation and CO2 recovery through biogas production using brewers' spent Grains. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Silva Júnior FDCGD, Menezes CAD, Cavalcante WA, Aragão OP, Zaiat M, Leitão RC. Characterization of Fruits and Vegetables Waste Generated at a Central Horticultural Wholesaler: A Case Study for Energy Production Via Biogas. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2021.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Willame Araújo Cavalcante
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Zaiat
- Biological Processes Laboratory, São Carlos School of Engineering, University of São Paulo São Carlos, Brazil
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14
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Assessment of Hydrogen and Volatile Fatty Acid Production from Fruit and Vegetable Waste: A Case Study of Mediterranean Markets. ENERGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/en15145032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the dark fermentation of fruit and vegetable waste under mesophilic conditions (30–34 °C), as a valorization route for H2 and volatile fatty acids production, simulating the open market waste composition over the year in two Mediterranean countries. Specifically, the study focuses on the effect of the (i) seasonal variability, (ii) initial pH, and (iii) substrate/inoculum ratio on the yields and composition of the main end products. Concerning the seasonal variation, the summer and spring mixtures led to +16.8 and +21.7% higher H2 production than the winter/autumn mixture, respectively. Further investigation on the least productive substrate (winter/autumn) led to 193.0 ± 7.4 NmL of H2 g VS−1 at a pH of 5.5 and a substrate/inoculum of 1. With the same substrate, at a pH of 7.5, the highest acetic acid yield of 7.0 mmol/g VS was observed, with acetic acid corresponding to 78.2% of the total acids. Whereas a substrate/inoculum of 3 resulted in the lowest H2 yield, amounting to 111.2 ± 7.6 NmL of H2 g VS−1, due to a decrease of the pH to 4.8, which likely caused an inhibitory effect by undissociated acids. This study demonstrates that dark fermentation can be a valuable strategy to efficiently manage such leftovers, rather than landfilling or improperly treating them.
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Emetere ME, Chikwendu L, Afolalu SA. Improved Biogas Production from Human Excreta Using Chicken Feather Powder: A Sustainable Option to Eradicating Poverty. GLOBAL CHALLENGES (HOBOKEN, NJ) 2022; 6:2100117. [PMID: 35712022 PMCID: PMC9189137 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
It has been proposed that providing energy for cooking and lighting would solve over 65% of energy needs in rural communities. The use of biomass resources has been found not sustainable as other bioproducts such as biodiesel and bioethanol depend on it. More so that there is a depletion of bioresources in some parts of the world. The shift into animal waste such as poultry droppings and cattle dung has huge prospects, but it is not sustainable in the long term as rural farmers depend on it. The use of human excreta is the most available and sustainable due to the human population. This research aims to provide a workable blueprint of biogas production to meet energy needs. The research considers a laboratory-scale experiment whose result is used to project the medium-scale biodigester. Microbial culturing from human waste is used to initiate the codigestion of human excreta and powdered chicken feathers. It is observed that this procedure drastically reduces the high nitrogen content in the biogas and improves its methane and carbon dioxide content. It is observed that the scaled-up biodigester in a worst case scenario can function at 67%. Design parameters are documented for the onward adoption of the technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moses E. Emetere
- Department of Mechanical Engineering ScienceUniversity of JohannesburgJohannesburg2006South Africa
| | - L. Chikwendu
- Department of PhysicsCovenant University Canaan landOtaPMB 1023Nigeria
| | - S. A. Afolalu
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringAfe Babalola UniversityAdo Ekiti360102Nigeria
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16
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Santos LAD, Silva THL, Oliveira CRDM, Jucá JFT, Santos AFDMS. Silage as a pre-treatment of orange bagasse waste to increase the potential for methane generation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 823:153613. [PMID: 35124064 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Among the various methods of pre-treatment of lignocellulosic waste with the objective of optimizing the production of methane, silage stands out as a promising alternative due to its operational simplicity, low cost and effective results. In this work, the silage of orange waste (Citrus cinensis) with 14 and 21 days and its influence on the potential of methane generation was evaluated, also evaluating the impacts of silage on the kinetics of the process. Among several configurations of substrate and inoculum studied, the best configuration observed was using the ensiled residue with 21 days and granular anaerobic sludge (ENS21 + GS), reaching a methane generation potential of about 171 N mL·g-1 VS, increasing by 119% in terms of methane generation potential without silage pre-treatment (WENS+GS), obtaining biogas with 70% in CH4. In relation to the kinetics, the silage process drastically interfered in the kinetic behavior of the methane production, being the Cone model the one that obtained the best adjustments, among those studied, for the orange bagasse residue in the evaluated experimental conditions. Silage is an attractive alternative to increase the production of methane for lignocellulosic waste, as a pre-treatment, without significantly increasing operating costs, and it can also be associated with other sequential processes to take advantage of the maximum energy potential of lignocellulosic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thayná Habeck Lúcio Silva
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Brazil Florianópolis, Brazil
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de Amarante MCA, Guerreiro PEG, Radmann EM, de Souza MDRAZ. Effect of fruits and vegetables in the anaerobic digestion of food waste from university restaurant. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:3365-3383. [PMID: 35357662 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03895-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the theoretical potential of methane production of the food waste generated by a university restaurant, as well as to verify the influence of the fruit and vegetable waste in the feeding composition of an anaerobic bioreactor treating this type of waste. Four feeding compositions combining three fractions of the food waste (fruit and vegetable fraction, soy protein and beans fraction, and rice fraction) at different concentrations were tested in anaerobic processes lasting 10 and 30 days. Additionally, a study of the theoretical potential of methane production from each fraction that composes the food waste was carried out, as well as the evaluation of the specific methanogenic activity of the anaerobic sludge. Despite its low theoretical potential of methane production (0.037 LCH4/g), the presence of the fruit and vegetable mixture in three of the feeding compositions led to greater organic matter degradation (above 69%) and CH4 yields (above 0.20 LCH4/gVS) in both periods tested, in comparison with the achieved by the feeding composition lacking this fraction. The results suggest that the presence of the fruit and vegetable mixture contributed with the supplementation of micro- and macroelements to the anaerobic sludge during the digestion of food waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Campos Assumpção de Amarante
- School of Chemistry and Food, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Campus Carreiros, Avenue Italia, km 08, Mail box 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96.203-900, Brazil. .,School of Chemical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, West Midlands, UK.
| | - Pablo Eduardo Godinho Guerreiro
- School of Chemistry and Food, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Campus Carreiros, Avenue Italia, km 08, Mail box 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96.203-900, Brazil
| | - Elisangela Martha Radmann
- School of Chemistry and Food, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Campus Carreiros, Avenue Italia, km 08, Mail box 474, Rio Grande, RS, 96.203-900, Brazil
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18
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Show BK, Banerjee S, Banerjee A, GhoshThakur R, Hazra AK, Mandal NC, Ross AB, Balachandran S, Chaudhury S. Insect gut bacteria: a promising tool for enhanced biogas production. REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND BIO/TECHNOLOGY 2022; 21:1-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s11157-021-09607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 07/19/2023]
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19
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Szypulska D, Miodoński S, Janiak K, Muszyński-Huhajło M, Jurga A. Filamentous foam disintegration with free nitrous acid: Effect on anaerobic digestion. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 139:199-207. [PMID: 34974314 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sludge foaming is a common problem in wastewater treatment plants negatively affecting operation of anaerobic digestion reactors. Therefore, in common practice, foam is removed from reactors without being fermented, leading to increase in sludge mass for disposal. However, foam is rich in lipids and can be a good source of methane if operational problems can be overcome. In this paper, in a two-stage experiment, we show that foam disintegration with free nitrous acid (FNA) can boost methane production and decrease foaming potential. In the first stage, the biochemical methane potential (BMP) of foam was evaluated to be higher by 19-63% (191-263NmL/gVS) than the BMP of waste activated sludge (WAS) (161 ± 1NmL/gVS) confirming previous assumptions. The main findings of the second stage (continuous experiments) are: (1) foam and WAS co-digestion leads to sludge stratification and thickened biomass accumulation in the upper part of the reactor, (2) FNA disintegration destroyed foam structure, resulting in lower biomass stratification and 14% higher methane production (134 mL/gVS) than observed in the reference reactor, (3) FNA disintegration of both substrates (foam and WAS) does not provide noticeable benefits in terms of biomass stratification. However, it does enhance methane production to 140 mL/gVS and sludge mineralization efficiency. A significantly higher impact of FNA on methane yield from foam than WAS was attributed to the high content of M.parvicella and the ability of these bacteria to adsorb and accumulate lipids. Anaerobic digestion of FNA disintegrated foam leads to substantial benefits in terms of methane production, reactor volume, and reagents consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Szypulska
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Miodoński
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Kamil Janiak
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland; Wroclaw Municipal Water and Sewage Company, Na Grobli 14/16 50-421 Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Mateusz Muszyński-Huhajło
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Jurga
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
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Evaluation of the Removal of Organic Matter and Nutrients in the Co-Treatment of Fruit and Vegetable Waste Using a Bioreactor-Constructed Wetlands System. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This article presents the application of a novel system for the treatment of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) using the combination of treatment by the application of the liquid fraction to an anaerobic hydrolytic bioreactor and a constructed wetland. The batch-fed anaerobic bioreactor (AB) had an average organic loading rate of 44 g COD/L-d and a hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 24 h for the degradation of the liquid fraction of the FVW with an average COD removal of 55%. Subsequently, the constructed wetlands (CWs) were fed a subsurface vertical flow of the effluent from the AB by stepwise concentration increments from 1 to 12 g COD/L and a HRT = 72 h until the limit conditions of the operation were identified. For the tropical ornamental species of the CWs in red volcanic gravel (RVG) and RVG + polyethylene (PE) supports, the monoculture of Hippeastrum rutilum and Spathiphyllum wallisii presented removals of COD, Tot-P, and TKN of 90%, 80%, and 85%, respectively. The polycultures with both species exceeded 90% effectiveness. At the end of both processes, a concentration of ~0.5 g COD/L was achieved, confirming that the use of these technologies together constitutes an efficient system for the treatment of the liquid fraction of FVW.
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21
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Peguero DA, Gold M, Vandeweyer D, Zurbrügg C, Mathys A. A Review of Pretreatment Methods to Improve Agri-Food Waste Bioconversion by Black Soldier Fly Larvae. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.745894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As the world population increases, food demand and agricultural activity will also increase. However, ~30–40% of the food produced today is lost or wasted along the production chain. Increasing food demands would only intensify the existing challenges associated with agri-food waste management. An innovative approach to recover the resources lost along the production chain and convert them into value-added product(s) would be beneficial. An alternative solution is the use of the larvae of the black soldier fly (BSFL), Hermetia illucens L., which can grow and convert a wide range of organic waste materials into insect biomass with use as animal feed, fertilizer and/or bioenergy. However, the main concern when creating an economically viable business is the variability in BSFL bioconversion and processing due to the variability of the substrate. Many factors, such as the nutritional composition of the substrate heavily impact BSFL development. Another concern is that substrates with high lignin and cellulose contents have demonstrated poor digestibility by BSFL. Studies suggest that pretreatment methods may improve the digestibility and biodegradability of the substrate by BSFL. However, a systematic review of existing pretreatment methods that could be used for enhancing the bioconversion of these wastes by BSFL is lacking. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review on the potential pretreatment methods that may improve the digestibility of substrates by BSFL and consequently the production of BSFL. These processes include but are not limited to, physical (e.g., mechanical and thermal), chemical (alkaline treatments), and biological (bacterial and fungal) treatments.
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22
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Xiang Q, Zhang J, Huang X, Ma M, Zhao K, Yu X, Chen Q, Zhang X, Penttinen P, Gu Y. Changes in the taxonomic and functional structure of microbial communities during vegetable waste mixed silage fermentation. Can J Microbiol 2022; 68:281-293. [PMID: 35030056 DOI: 10.1139/cjm-2021-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Silage fermentation, a sustainable way to use vegetable waste resources, is a complex process driven by a variety of microorganisms. We used lettuce waste as the main raw material for silage, analyzed changes in the physico-chemical characteristics and bacterial community composition of silage over a 60-day fermentation, identified differentially abundant taxa, predicted the functional profiles of bacterial communities, and determined the associated effects on the quality of silage. The biggest changes occurred in the early stage of silage fermentation. Changes in the physico-chemical characteristics included a decrease in pH and increases in ammonia nitrogen to total nitrogen ratio and lactic acid content. The numbers of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) increased and molds, yeasts and aerobic bacteria decreased. The bacterial communities and their predicted functions on day 0 were clearly different from those on day 7 to day 60. The relative abundances of phylum Firmicutes and genus Lactobacillus increased. Nitrite ammonification and nitrate ammonification were more prevalent after day 0. The differences in the predicted functions were associated with differences in pH and amino acid, protein, carbohydrate, NH3-N, ether extract and crude ash contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanju Xiang
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, College of Resource, No.211, Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130;
| | - Juntao Zhang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Department of Microbiology, Chengdu, China;
| | - Xiying Huang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Department of Microbiology, Chengdu, China;
| | - Menggen Ma
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, College of Resource, No. 211 Huimin Road, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130;
| | - Ke Zhao
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Yaan, Sichuan, China;
| | - Xiumei Yu
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Yaan, Sichuan, China;
| | - Qiang Chen
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, College of Resource, No. 211 huimin Road, Wenjiang district, Chengdu, Sichuan, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130;
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Yaan, Sichuan, China;
| | - Petri Penttinen
- Sichuan Agricultural University, 12529, Department of Microbiology, Chengdu, China;
| | - Yunfu Gu
- Sichuan Agricultural University - Chengdu Campus, 506176, College of Resource, Huimin road 211#, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130;
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23
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Addae G, Oduro-Kwarteng S, Fei-Baffoe B, Rockson MAD, Ribeiro JXF, Antwi E. Market waste composition analysis and resource recovery potential in Kumasi, Ghana. JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION (1995) 2021; 71:1529-1544. [PMID: 34424145 DOI: 10.1080/10962247.2021.1969296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste constitutes significant quantities of waste generated in markets. Markets produce substantial quantities of fruit and vegetable waste, a source of nuisance in landfills. In Ghana, market waste (MW) appears to be unexplored and has limited data available. The need for MW valorization in the face of a circular economy requires reliable knowledge of MW properties. The study determined the waste compositions of selected major markets from two different classes of settlement in Kumasi and the seasonal effect on the compositions. The chemical properties of organics were determined via proximate and ultimate analyses and the theoretical biomethane potential, with the Buswell equation. From the results, MW composition in the wet season is 59.6% organic, 11.4% plastics, 8.3% paper, 5.3% textiles, 4.7% inert, 4.1% miscellaneous, 2.1% metal, 1.8% glass and 2.8% leather. The dry season values are 45.8% organic, 14.6% plastics, 12.7% paper, 7.3% textiles, 6.4% inert, 4.3% miscellaneous, 2.3% metal, 2.6% glass and 3.9% leather. An ANOVA indicates significant differences between the two seasons and some waste components; organics, plastics, paper and cardboard, leather, and inert. The high calorific values recorded ranged from 14.8 MJ kg-1 to 16.6 MJ kg-1. The biogas potential and biomethane content ranged from 775.3 l/kgVS to 828.9 L/kgVS and 50% to 57% respectively.Implications: Market waste (MW) in Ghana appears to be an unchartered area and there is limited data on market generation and composition. The need for MW valorization requires reliable knowledge on MW properties. This study explores MW characteristics of six major market from two different classes of settlements in a developing country. Study findings suggest that the quantities of market organics are higher than household waste. Again, MW composition can be influenced by season and geographical location. Furthermore, the study establishes the potential of MW in considerable quantities of biogas and methane generation, in comparison with household waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Addae
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Sampson Oduro-Kwarteng
- Department of Civil Engineering, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Bernard Fei-Baffoe
- Environmental Science Department, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | | | - Edward Antwi
- Waste and Resource Management Department, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Gulsen Akbay HE, Dizge N, Kumbur H. Enhancing biogas production of anaerobic co-digestion of industrial waste and municipal sewage sludge with mechanical, chemical, thermal, and hybrid pretreatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 340:125688. [PMID: 34358985 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the effect of mechanical, chemical, thermal, and hybrid pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of fruit-juice industrial waste (FW) co-digested with municipal sewage sludge (MSS). The pretreatment of the substrates with ultrasonication, microwave, weak alkali-acid caused an increase in cumulative biogas production of approximately 20.9, 14.9, 8.1, and 5.2%, respectively. Beside this, thermal and strong acid-alkali pretreatment reduced biogas production. The highest cumulative biogas and methane yield was increased with hybrid pretreatment which contains ultrasonication (US) and alkali (AL) pretreatment by 36% and 49%, respectively. Also, compared to untreated mixture, the soluble COD, carbohydrate, and protein removal efficiencies were increased from 42.6% to 65.6%, 65.1% to 86.6%, and 17.3% to 62.4%, respectively for US-AL pretreatment. The kinetic parameters of cumulative biogas production for the selected reactors were further estimated with Monod, Cone, and Transference Function models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey
| | - Halil Kumbur
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey
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25
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Progress in the Valorization of Fruit and Vegetable Wastes: Active Packaging, Biocomposites, By-Products, and Innovative Technologies Used for Bioactive Compound Extraction. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13203503. [PMID: 34685262 PMCID: PMC8539143 DOI: 10.3390/polym13203503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
According to the Food Wastage Footprint and Climate Change Report, about 15% of all fruits and 25% of all vegetables are wasted at the base of the food production chain. The significant losses and wastes in the fresh and processing industries is becoming a serious environmental issue, mainly due to the microbial degradation impacts. There has been a recent surge in research and innovation related to food, packaging, and pharmaceutical applications to address these problems. The underutilized wastes (seed, skin, rind, and pomace) potentially present good sources of valuable bioactive compounds, including functional nutrients, amylopectin, phytochemicals, vitamins, enzymes, dietary fibers, and oils. Fruit and vegetable wastes (FVW) are rich in nutrients and extra nutritional compounds that contribute to the development of animal feed, bioactive ingredients, and ethanol production. In the development of active packaging films, pectin and other biopolymers are commonly used. In addition, the most recent research studies dealing with FVW have enhanced the physical, mechanical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties of packaging and biocomposite systems. Innovative technologies that can be used for sensitive bioactive compound extraction and fortification will be crucial in valorizing FVW completely; thus, this article aims to report the progress made in terms of the valorization of FVW and to emphasize the applications of FVW in active packaging and biocomposites, their by-products, and the innovative technologies (both thermal and non-thermal) that can be used for bioactive compounds extraction.
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26
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Otoni CG, Azeredo HMC, Mattos BD, Beaumont M, Correa DS, Rojas OJ. The Food-Materials Nexus: Next Generation Bioplastics and Advanced Materials from Agri-Food Residues. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2102520. [PMID: 34510571 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The most recent strategies available for upcycling agri-food losses and waste (FLW) into functional bioplastics and advanced materials are reviewed and the valorization of food residuals are put in perspective, adding to the water-food-energy nexus. Low value or underutilized biomass, biocolloids, water-soluble biopolymers, polymerizable monomers, and nutrients are introduced as feasible building blocks for biotechnological conversion into bioplastics. The latter are demonstrated for their incorporation in multifunctional packaging, biomedical devices, sensors, actuators, and energy conversion and storage devices, contributing to the valorization efforts within the future circular bioeconomy. Strategies are introduced to effectively synthesize, deconstruct and reassemble or engineer FLW-derived monomeric, polymeric, and colloidal building blocks. Multifunctional bioplastics are introduced considering the structural, chemical, physical as well as the accessibility of FLW precursors. Processing techniques are analyzed within the fields of polymer chemistry and physics. The prospects of FLW streams and biomass surplus, considering their availability, interactions with water and thermal stability, are critically discussed in a near-future scenario that is expected to lead to next-generation bioplastics and advanced materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caio G Otoni
- Department of Materials Engineering (DEMa), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Henriette M C Azeredo
- Embrapa Agroindústria Tropical, Rua Dra. Sara Mesquita 2270, Fortaleza, CE, 60511-110, Brazil
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Bruno D Mattos
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, FIN-00076, Finland
| | - Marco Beaumont
- Department of Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, Tulln, A-3430, Austria
| | - Daniel S Correa
- Nanotechnology National Laboratory for Agriculture (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, SP, 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Orlando J Rojas
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, Aalto, Espoo, FIN-00076, Finland
- Bioproducts Institute, Departments of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Chemistry and Wood Science, The University of British Columbia, 2360 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
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27
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Sołowski G, Pastuszak K. Modelling of dark fermentation of glucose and sour cabbage. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07690. [PMID: 34401576 PMCID: PMC8350504 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the article, modified Anaerobic Digestion Models 1 (ADM-1) was tested for modelling dark fermentation for hydrogen production. The model refitting was done with the Euler method. The new model was based on sets of differential equations. The model was checked for hydrogen production from sour cabbage in batch and semi-batch in 5 g VSS (volatile solid suspension)/L and at the semi-batch process from glucose at 5 and 10 g VSS/L. Added parameters determined the conversion of a substrate, hydrogen production, and stress parameters. In the case of a semi-batch process, for one month, cumulative hydrogen production from sour cabbage of 5 g VSS/L was 0.9 L of cumulative hydrogen volume and from glucose 5 g VSS/L (in case of feeding 2 g VSS/L every two days) 2.5 L of cumulative hydrogen volume. At the bacterial population level, hydrogen production was a continuous process at an adequate range of population size and environmental parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaweł Sołowski
- Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pastuszak
- Gdansk University of Technology, Department of Algorithms and Systems Modelling, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics, Building A, EA 226, Poland
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28
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Nkuna R, Roopnarain A, Rashama C, Adeleke R. Insights into organic loading rates of anaerobic digestion for biogas production: a review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2021; 42:487-507. [PMID: 34315294 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2021.1942778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) for biogas production is affected by many factors that includes organic loading rate (OLR). This OLR appears to be closely linked to various other factors and understanding these linkages would therefore allow the sole use of OLR for process performance monitoring, control, as well as reactor design. This review's objective is to collate the various AD factor specific studies, then relate these factors' role in OLR fluctuations. By further analyzing the influence of OLR on the AD performance, it would then be possible, once all the other factors have been determined and fixed, to manage an AD plant by monitoring and controlling OLR only. Decisions on reactor design, process kinetics, biogas yield and process stability can then be made much more quickly and with minimal troubleshooting steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosina Nkuna
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Ashira Roopnarain
- Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology Research Group, Agricultural Research Council - Institute for Soil Climate and Water, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Charles Rashama
- Institute for the Development of Energy for African Sustainability, University of South Africa, Florida, South Africa
| | - Rasheed Adeleke
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Basumatary S, Das S, Kalita P, Goswami P. Effect of feedstock/water ratio on anaerobic digestion of cattle dung and vegetable waste under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Sahoo A, Sarkar S, Lal B, Kumawat P, Sharma S, De K. Utilization of fruit and vegetable waste as an alternative feed resource for sustainable and eco-friendly sheep farming. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 128:232-242. [PMID: 34010789 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Globally, 10-20% of horticultural wastes are disposed in landfills leading to environmental pollution. Recycling these wastes as animal feedstuff will lessen food-feed competition and minimize environmental hazards. The present study was undertaken to determine the nutritional quality of fresh fruit and vegetable waste (F&VW) and their dietary inclusion on nutrient utilization, antioxidant status, greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions and potable water sparing efficacy in sheep. Three dietary combinations were formulated i.e. control (C):70% Cenchrus ciliaris hay +30% concentrate mixture (CM), diet with fruit waste (FWD):70% Cenchrus ciliaris hay +20% CM +10% FW and diet with vegetable waste (VWD):70% Cenchrus ciliaris hay +20% CM +10% VW for in vitro and in vivo evaluation of these wastes as potential livestock feed. Twenty-one adult ewes were allocated into 3 groups C, FWD and VWD and fed on the above three diets. Dry matter and crude protein digestibility were significantly enhanced by 5.5 and 7.2%; 7.3 and 7.6% in F&VW supplemented groups, respectively, without affecting feed intake. Plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was improved by 32.2 and 26.3% in F&VW supplemented groups. Inclusion of F&VW biomass reduced annual methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (kg CO2eq/sheep) by 3.12 and 4.55%; 15.18 and 14.92% and thus contributed to lowering of global warming potential by 4.00 and 5.27%, respectively. Furthermore, there was a net reduction of potable water consumption by 21.78 and 13.92% in F&VW supplemented groups, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that F&VW can be a potential feedstuff for ruminants and its efficient reuse would minimize environmental impacts associated with disposal of such waste in the landfills.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sahoo
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Srobana Sarkar
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India.
| | - B Lal
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Pankaj Kumawat
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Shivendra Sharma
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
| | - Kalyan De
- ICAR-Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Rajasthan 304501, India
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31
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Li P, He C, Cheng C, Jiao Y, Shen D, Yu R. Prediction of methane production from co-digestion of lignocellulosic biomass with sludge based on the major compositions of lignocellulosic biomass. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:25808-25818. [PMID: 33474669 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-12262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the simplex lattice mixture design method was adopted to design the artificial biomass with different ratios of three major components (cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin). The methane yield from the co-digestion of the artificial/ natural biomass (corn stover, wheat stover, rice straw, and peanut stalk) samples with the mixed sludge at the mixture ratio of 1:1 based on total solid (TS) content was recorded for 50 days. The original mathematical prediction models for estimating the cumulative methane production, maximum methane production rate, and lag phase time were established based on the experimental results from the co-digestion of artificial biomass with sludge. To investigate the influence of the structural features of biomass and interactions among the components of biomass which contributing to the inhibition of methane production, the macroscopic factor (MF) was proposed. The mathematical models which revealed the relationship between MF and the methane production parameters were developed by the combination of the prediction results from the original mathematical prediction model and experimental results from the co-digestion of natural biomass with sludge. Modification of the original mathematical prediction models was carried out by considering MF. After modification, the relative error (RE) and root mean square error (RMSE) of the prediction model for cumulative methane production were declined from 19.00 to 30.18% and 42.38 mL/g VSadded to that of - 1.93~7.14% and 4.36 mL/g VSadded, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao He
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Nongye Road 63, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongbo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Youzhou Jiao
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Nongye Road 63, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, People's Republic of China
| | - Dekui Shen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ran Yu
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China.
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Determination of methane generation potential and evaluation of kinetic models in poultry wastes. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.101936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Qu J, Sun Y, Awasthi MK, Liu Y, Xu X, Meng X, Zhang H. Effect of different aerobic hydrolysis time on the anaerobic digestion characteristics and energy consumption analysis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 320:124332. [PMID: 33157447 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aerobic hydrolysis of stover before anaerobic digestion is beneficial to improve the biodegradability of corn stover. Aerobic hydrolysis of corn stover at 43 °C was conducted to investigate the effects of hydrolysis time (0 h, 8 h, 16 h, and 24 h) on the degradation of lignocellulose from corn stover and material conversion. Further anaerobic digestion and energy consumption analysis with the digestion temperature of 36 °C were carried out. The accumulation rate of volatile fatty acids began to slow down after 16 h of hydrolysis, and the concentration of acetic acid reached 221.85 mmol/L at 24 h of hydrolysis. The degradation rate of lignocellulose was obviously increased after hydrolysis. When the hydrolysis time was 16 h, it reached the maximum cumulative methane production with 268.75 ml/g VS. In terms of biogas production and energy conversion efficiency, it is more appropriate to choose 16 h as hydrolysis time in biogas engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Qu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yong Sun
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Mukesh Kumar Awasthi
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Taicheng Road 3#, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yuyingnan Liu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xinrui Xu
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xianghui Meng
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Hongqiong Zhang
- College of Engineering, Northeast Agriculture University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Renewable Resources Utilization Technology and Equipment in Cold Areas of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of New Materials and Facilities for Rural Renewable Energy of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
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Bernat K, Kulikowska D, Wojnowska-Baryła I, Zaborowska M, Pasieczna-Patkowska S. Thermophilic and mesophilic biogas production from PLA-based materials: Possibilities and limitations. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 119:295-305. [PMID: 33125938 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the use of bio-based products, including biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA), has increased, causing their rapid growth in municipal waste streams. The presence of PLA in biowaste may increase biogas production (BP). However, the rate of PLA biodegradation, which affects the time frame of anaerobic digestion, is a key parameter for an efficient process. In this study, detailed kinetics of BP from PLA were determined at 58 °C and 37 °C. At both temperatures, lag phases were observed: 40 days at 37 °C, and 10 days at 58 °C. After the lag phase BP proceeded in two phases, differed in process rate. At 58 °C, during the 1st phase (up to day 30), the rate of BP (rB1,58) equaled about 35 L/(kg OM·d). At the end of this phase, the amount of biogas was 710 L/kg OM, which constituted 84% of the maximal BP (831-849 L/kg OM). In the 2nd phase (10 days), only 13% of maximal BP was produced (rB2,58 of 16.1 L/(kg OM·d)). At 37 °C, maximal BP (obtained after 280 days) was 1.5-fold lower (558-570 L/kg OM) than at 58 °C. In the 1st phase (100 days), rB1,37 was 1.4 L/(kg OM·d); at the end of this phase, BP constituted merely 14% of the maximal BP. A majority of biogas was produced in the 2nd phase (the next 180 days), and rB2,37 doubled to 2.6 L/(kg OM·d)). At 58 °C, intensive biogas production took place when PLA pieces were still visible. At 37 °C, in contrast, biogas was mainly produced when the PLA pieces had been disintegrated. Although PLA anaerobically biodegrades and produces a high yield of biogas, the time frame of PLA digestion is much longer than that of biowaste and, in thermophilic conditions requires separate digesters. In mesophilic conditions, however, is unacceptable at technical scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bernat
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna Str. 45G, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Dorota Kulikowska
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna Str. 45G, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland.
| | - Irena Wojnowska-Baryła
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna Str. 45G, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Magdalena Zaborowska
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna Str. 45G, Olsztyn 10-719, Poland
| | - Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska
- Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Maria Curie-Skłodowska 3, Lublin 20-031, Poland
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Abstract
Anaerobic digestion is an efficient technology for a sustainable conversion of various organic wastes such as animal manure, municipal solid waste, agricultural residues and industrial waste into biogas. This technology offers a unique set of benefits, some of which include a good waste management technique, enhancement in the ecology of rural areas, improvement in health through a decrease of pathogens and optimization of the energy consumption of communities. The biogas produced through anaerobic digestion varies in composition, but it consists mainly of carbon dioxide methane together with a low quantity of trace gases. The variation in biogas composition are dependent on some factors namely the substrate type being digested, pH, operating temperature, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time and digester design. However, the type of substrate used is of greater interest due to the direct dependency of microorganism activities on the nutritional composition of the substrate. Therefore, the aim of this review study is to provide a detailed analysis of the various types of organic wastes that have been used as a substrate for the sustainable production of biogas. Biogas formation from various substrates reported in the literature were investigated, an analysis and characterization of these substrates provided the pro and cons associated with each substrate. The findings obtained showed that the methane yield for all animal manure varied from 157 to 500 mL/gVS with goat and pig manure superseding the other animal manure whereas lignocellulose biomass varied from 160 to 212 mL/gVS. In addition, organic municipal solid waste and industrial waste showed methane yield in the ranges of 143–516 mL/gVS and 25–429 mL/gVS respectively. These variations in methane yield are primarily attributed to the nutritional composition of the various substrates.
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Exploiting the use of agro-industrial residues from fruit and vegetables as alternative microalgae culture medium. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109722. [PMID: 33233291 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
There is a need for searching new microalgae species, and the most suitable strategy to increase the cost-effectiveness of a microalgae culture system is to use resources of low costs, such as residues. This study aimed to evaluate the cultivation of microalgae isolated from the Brazilian Northeast region (Lagerheimia longiseta, Monoraphidium contortum, and Scenedesmus quadricauda) in an alternative medium of low cost (biocompost of discarded fruits and vegetables) with a view to possible applications in the food industry. Microalgae cultivated in the conventional synthetic medium was used as control. The cultivation of microalgae in the alternative medium allowed suitable cell growth, and improved the antioxidant activity and the levels of monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid compared to the synthetic medium. The cultivation of S. quadricauda and L. longiseta species in the alternative medium resulted in increased protein content and/or total phenolic content, and improved health indices (lower levels of atherogenic, thrombogenic, and hypercholesterolemic saturated fatty acids indices, and higher levels of desired fatty acids index) compared to cultivation in synthetic medium. The cultivation of M. contortum in the alternative medium contributed to the production of higher lipid content, mainly saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid), which contributed negatively to the health indices. This study proved that S. quadricauda and L. longiseta microalga species from freshwaters have significant potential for distinct applications in functional food industries, and the biocompost of discarded fruits and vegetables is a suitable medium for microalgae cultivation.
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37
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Microorganisms and Enzymes Used in the Biological Pretreatment of the Substrate to Enhance Biogas Production: A Review. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12177205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass (LC biomass) prior to the anaerobic digestion (AD) process is a mandatory step to improve feedstock biodegradability and biogas production. An important potential is provided by lignocellulosic materials since lignocellulose represents a major source for biogas production, thus contributing to the environmental sustainability. The main limitation of LC biomass for use is its resistant structure. Lately, biological pretreatment (BP) gained popularity because they are eco-friendly methods that do not require chemical or energy input. A large number of bacteria and fungi possess great ability to convert high molecular weight compounds from the substrate into lower mass compounds due to the synthesis of microbial extracellular enzymes. Microbial strains isolated from various sources are used singly or in combination to break down the recalcitrant polymeric structures and thus increase biogasgeneration. Enzymatic treatment of LC biomass depends mainly on enzymes like hemicellulases and cellulases generated by microorganisms. The articles main purpose is to provide an overview regarding the enzymatic/biological pretreatment as one of the most potent techniques for enhancing biogas production.
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Brito TBN, Ferreira MSL, Fai AEC. Utilization of Agricultural By-products: Bioactive Properties and Technological Applications. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1804930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. B. N. Brito
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - M. S. L Ferreira
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
- Department of Food Science, School of Nutrition, UNIRIO, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana E. C. Fai
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
- Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, State University of Rio de Janeiro, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil
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39
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Lalander C, Ermolaev E, Wiklicky V, Vinnerås B. Process efficiency and ventilation requirement in black soldier fly larvae composting of substrates with high water content. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 729:138968. [PMID: 32498170 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In order to transition from a linear to a circular economy in the organic waste management sector, more of the elements in waste need to be recycled. Use of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens L.; Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae (BSFL) for organic waste treatment has potential to harvest more complex molecules than conventional methods. Many organic waste substrates have high water content (>80%), but the impact on BSFL treatment efficiency of substrate water contents >80% is not known. This study evaluated the impact of high water content food waste on BSFL composting efficiency in terms of waste-to-biomass conversion ratio, material reduction, larval survival and the ventilation required for enabling dry separation of larvae from residue. In total, six water contents ranging from 76% to 97.5% were evaluated in two experimental trials. It was found that increasing water content reduced biomass conversion ratio and survival rate of the larvae, from 33.4% of volatile solids (VS) and 97.2% survival in 76% water to 17.5% of VS and 19.3% survival in 97.5% water. Furthermore, we found that the ventilation requirement for achieving dry separation of larvae from residue could be modelled by estimating the amount of water that would need to be removed, taking into account the water bound in the larvae, and knowing the specifics of the ventilation set-up of the modelled system. The findings could have implications on the waste management sector interested in implementing BSFL treatment, as the findings demonstrate that it is possible to treat wet substrates (such as fruit and vegetable wastes) without any pre-treatment other than grinding and attain an adequately dry residue for enabling dry separation of the larvae from the residue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Lalander
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Evgheni Ermolaev
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Viktoria Wiklicky
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn Vinnerås
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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40
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de Brito Nogueira TB, da Silva TPM, de Araújo Luiz D, de Andrade CJ, de Andrade LM, Ferreira MSL, Fai AEC. Fruits and vegetable-processing waste: a case study in two markets at Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:18530-18540. [PMID: 32193738 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08244-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fruits and vegetables (FV) consumed in natura or processed produce a significant volume of waste, causing an economic deficit in the productive chain. FV markets feature a significant production of vegetable residues with potential of use, since they commercialize an increasing amount of minimally processed vegetables and fruit juices. To this end, it is important to identify, quantify, and characterize these wastes and to propose feasible and coherent alternatives for their use at regional and worldwide levels. In this paper, a case study of two FV markets in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, was conducted to identify and quantify FV processing waste. Over a period of 20 days, the FV residues from 31 vegetables and 17 fruits were identified and weighed. It is estimated by extrapolation that 106,000 kg of FV were processed in 1 year in two units of FV markets and 48.6% of FV were discarded as by-products. This may be a consequence of factors that contribute to waste generation, such as the low preparation and/or training of the manipulators as well as the quality of the equipment and the maintenance thereof. Thus, studies that aim to understand the environmental impact by monitoring the of FV waste are fundamental, since this waste can be used as raw material and converted into value-added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talita Braga de Brito Nogueira
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Nutrition, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Pereira Matos da Silva
- Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Daniel de Araújo Luiz
- Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cristiano José de Andrade
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Lidiane Maria de Andrade
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic School, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mariana Simões Larraz Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Nutrition, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Elizabeth Cavalcante Fai
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Nutrition, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
- Department of Basic and Experimental Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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41
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Edwiges T, Frare LM, Lima Alino JH, Triolo JM, Flotats X, Silva de Mendonça Costa MS. Methane potential of fruit and vegetable waste: an evaluation of the semi-continuous anaerobic mono-digestion. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:921-930. [PMID: 30131004 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2018.1515262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The anaerobic digestion (AD) of a high diversity blend of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW) generated in tropical conditions as a single substrate was performed. A continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) operated in semi-continuous regime was used for AD. The reactor performance was monitored with gradually increasing organic loading rates (OLRs) from 0.5 up to 5.0 gVS L-1 d-1. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) of FVW determined by batch bottles was 360 LN CH4 kgVS-1, with a biodegradability of 79%. A stable pH with an adequate level of buffering capacity was observed during the entire experiment. Methane yield indicated the best performance at an OLR of 3.0 gVS L-1 d-1, with 285 LN CH4 kgVS-1 added, reaching 79% of BMP. At an OLR over 3.0 gVS L-1 d-1 accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA) was detected; in particular, propionic acid was monitored, and a decreased methane yield was detected. Biogas production rate was 1.55 LN L-1 d-1 and showed linear increase according to increases in the OLR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Edwiges
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Parana, Brazil
| | - Laercio Mantovani Frare
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Parana, Brazil
| | - João Henrique Lima Alino
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Parana, Brazil
| | - Jin Mi Triolo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Biotechnology and Environmental Technology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Xavier Flotats
- GIRO Joint Research Unit IRTA/UPC - Department of Agri-Food Engineering and Biotechnology, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Catalonia, Spain
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42
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Pramanik SK, Suja FB, Zain SM, Pramanik BK. The anaerobic digestion process of biogas production from food waste: Prospects and constraints. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2019.100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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43
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Perendeci NA, Yılmaz V, Ertit Taştan B, Gökgöl S, Fardinpoor M, Namlı A, Steyer JP. Correlations between biochemical composition and biogas production during anaerobic digestion of microalgae and cyanobacteria isolated from different sources of Turkey. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 281:209-216. [PMID: 30822642 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Twenty one species of microalgae and Cyanobacteria were isolated from different ecosystems in Turkey to investigate the relation between biochemical methane potential (BMP) and biochemical characterization. Since the highest dry weight (X), specific growth rate (µ) and maximum productivity (Pmax) were obtained from the five species, identification of species and BMP tests with the composition analyzes were examined. BMP values were determined 308, 293, 242, 229 and 230 mLCH4/gVS for Desertifilum tharense, Phormidium animale, Chlorella sp., Anabeana variabilis and Chlorophyta uncultured. The Pearson correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were applied to extract and clarify the correlation between composition of species and their methane production. Pearson correlation shows that glucose, Kjeldahl nitrogen and chlorophyll are highly and positively correlated with BMP. PCA revealed that Chlorella sp., Chlorophyta uncultured and Desertifilum tharense were placed against Phormidium animale distinguished by its extreme and different profile because of Kjeldahl nitrogen and glucose content.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Perendeci
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - V Yılmaz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Artvin Çoruh University, Artvin, Turkey
| | - B Ertit Taştan
- Department of Biology, Polatlı Faculty of Science & Arts, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey; Health Services Vocational School, Gazi University, 06830 Ankara, Turkey
| | - S Gökgöl
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - M Fardinpoor
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - A Namlı
- Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Agricultural Faculty, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - J P Steyer
- LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA, 102 Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
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Dahunsi SO. Mechanical pretreatment of lignocelluloses for enhanced biogas production: Methane yield prediction from biomass structural components. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 280:18-26. [PMID: 30754002 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, mechanical pretreatment was applied to six different lignocelluloses in two different treatment phases and the prediction of their methane yield was done from biomass chemical composition. Physicochemical, proximate and microbial analyses were carried out on both pretreated and untreated biomass using standard methods. Mechanical pretreatments caused the breakdown of structural materials in all the used biomass which was characterized by reduction of the lagging time during anaerobic digestion and the subsequent increase in methane yield up to 22%. The different loading rate of biomass had no effect on the overall methane yield increase. Both single and multiple linear regressions models were used in order to correlate the chemical composition of the biomass with their methane potentials and a fairly high correlation (R2 = 0.63) was obtained. The study also showed that the pretreatments are economically feasible. Therefore, its further application to other biomass is encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Dahunsi
- Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Biomass and Bioenergy Group, Environment and Technology Research Cluster, Landmark University, Nigeria.
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45
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Pagliaccia P, Gallipoli A, Gianico A, Gironi F, Montecchio D, Pastore C, di Bitonto L, Braguglia CM. Variability of food waste chemical composition: Impact of thermal pre-treatment on lignocellulosic matrix and anaerobic biodegradability. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 236:100-107. [PMID: 30716691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive sustainable Food Waste (FW) management is globally needed in order to reduce the environmental pollution and the financial costs due to FW disposal; anaerobic digestion is considered as one of the best environmental-friendly alternatives to this aim. A deep investigation of the chemical composition of different Food waste types (cooked kitchen waste (CKW), fruit and vegetable scraps (FVS) and organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW)) is here reported, in order to evaluate their relevant substance-specific properties and their impact on anaerobic biodegradability by means of a sophisticated automatic batch test system. Suitability for a mild thermal pre-treatment (T = 134 °C and p = 3.2 bar) to enhance the biological degradation of hardly accessible compounds was investigated. The pre-treatment affected significantly the carbohydrates solubilisation, and was able in reducing part of the lignocellulosic matrix. Moreover, in mesophilic conditions, the high solubilized sugars content favoured the initial recovery of hydrogen (not consumed by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis), allowing to newly assess the extent of prompt fermentability. Pre-treatment enhanced hydrogen yields of FVS and OFMSW, with gains up to +50%, while the successive methane production, occurring in the same reactor, resulted affected by the lack of the soluble part of carbohydrates, "subtracted" for H2 production. Only in thermophilic conditions, when no hydrogen in the biogas was detected, pre-treatment of OFMSW significantly increased methane yield (from 0.343 to 0.389 L CH4 g-1 VSfed). A thermal pre-treatment seems the recommended solution in order to reduce part of the recalcitrant lignocellulosic matrix of food waste, to improve energy recovery and to eliminate the extra cost needed for pasteurization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Pagliaccia
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, km 0.7, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy
| | - Agata Gallipoli
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, km 0.7, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Gianico
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, km 0.7, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - Fausto Gironi
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, km 0.7, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma "La Sapienza", Via Eudossiana 18, 00184, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Montecchio
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, km 0.7, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Pastore
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via F. de Blasio 5, 70132, Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi di Bitonto
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Via F. de Blasio 5, 70132, Bari, Italy
| | - Camilla M Braguglia
- Water Research Institute (IRSA), National Research Council (CNR), Strada Provinciale 35d, km 0.7, 00010, Montelibretti, Rome, Italy.
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NIQUINI GABRIELAR, SILVA SUZIMARAR, COSTA JUNIOR ESLYF, COSTA ANDRÉAO. Feedstock and inoculum characteristics and process parameters as predictors for methane yield in mesophilic solid-state anaerobic digestion. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201920181181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Ghanimeh S, Abou Khalil C, Ibrahim E. Anaerobic digestion of food waste with aerobic post-treatment: Effect of fruit and vegetable content. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2018; 36:965-974. [PMID: 30024350 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x18786397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A mesophilic anaerobic digester, followed by a psychrophilic aerobic post-treatment, was used to treat food waste (FW) with different proportions of fruit and vegetable waste (FVW). Two types of FW were used: low fruit and vegetable mix (LFV, with 56.5% of FVW) and high fruit and vegetable mix (HFV, with 78.3% of FVW). The anaerobic digester fed with LFV failed at an organic loading rate of 1.6 g VS.L-1.d-1 (volatile fatty acid (VFA) = 6000 mg.L-1) due to high ammonia (reaching 3000 mg.L-1). It was shown that, in an unstable anaerobic environment, ammonia is highly correlated ( r2 = 0.77) with VFA and is negatively correlated with volatile solids, total solids, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates ( r2 = 0.88, r2 = 0.71, and r2 = 0.91, respectively). In contrast, the anaerobic digester fed with HFV exhibited a stable performance (VFA = 1243 mg.L-1), with limited ammonia accumulation (940 mg.L-1). Methane generation was affected by the FVW content and reached 531 ml CH4.g VS-1 (CH4 = 52%) with LFV feed and 478 ml CH4.g VS-1 (CH4 = 57.4%) with HFV. The overall TS, VS and COD removal rates (all ranging between 94% and 97%), were closely similar for LFV and HFV. Accordingly, the aerobic post-treatment seems to compensate for the reduced performance of the disturbed anaerobic system fed with LFV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Ghanimeh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon
| | - Charbel Abou Khalil
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon
| | - Elsy Ibrahim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Notre Dame University-Louaize, Zouk Mosbeh, Lebanon
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48
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Tsapekos P, Kougias PG, Angelidaki I. Mechanical pretreatment for increased biogas production from lignocellulosic biomass; predicting the methane yield from structural plant components. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 78:903-910. [PMID: 32559985 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 07/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic substrates are associated with limited biodegradability due to the structural complexity. For that reason, a pretreatment step is mandatory for efficient biomass transformation which will lead to increased bioenergy output. The aim of the present study was to assess the efficiency of two pretreatment machines to enhance the methane yield of meadow grass. Specifically, the application of shearing forces with a rotated plastic sweeping brush against a steel roller significantly increased biomass biodegradability by 20% under relatively gentle operation conditions (600 rpm). The more intense operation (1200 rpm) was not associated with higher methane yield enhancement. Regarding an alternative machine, in which the brush was replaced with a coarse steel roller resulted in a more distinct effect (+27%) despite the lower rotating speed (∼400 rpm). Moreover, the association of the substrate's individual chemical components and the practical methane yield was assessed, establishing single and multiple linear regression models. However, the estimation accuracy was rather low with either single (regressor: lignin, R2: 0.50) or multiple linear regression analyses (regressors: arabinan-lignin-protein, R2: 0.61). Results showed that poorly lignified plant tissue containing relatively high fractions of protein and arabinan is more susceptible to anaerobic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Tsapekos
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Panagiotis G Kougias
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Irini Angelidaki
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
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49
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Breitenmoser L, Dhar H, Gross T, Bakre M, Huesch R, Hugi C, Wintgens T, Kumar R, Kumar S. Methane potential from municipal biowaste: Insights from six communities in Maharashtra, India. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 254:224-230. [PMID: 29413926 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.01.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion (AD) of biowaste can generate biogas with methane (CH4) as energy source and contribute to sustainable municipal solid waste management in India. Characteristic municipal biowastes sampled seasonally from household, fruit and vegetable market and agricultural waste collection points in villages, towns and cities in Maharashtra were analysed to assess the potential as substrate for AD. The mean biochemical methane potential (BMP, at 37 °C) across seasons and community sizes was between 200-260, 175-240 and 101-286 NLCH4 kgvs-1 for household, market and agricultural biowaste, respectively. CH4 yields were comparable in villages, towns and cities. Seasonal variations in CH4 yields were observed for market and agricultural biowaste with highest values during pre-monsoon season. Results underpin that municipal biowaste is a suitable substrate for AD in India. However, low purity of available biowaste resulted in lower CH4 yields compared to recent studies using source-segregated biowaste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Breitenmoser
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Hiya Dhar
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Thomas Gross
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Milan Bakre
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ragini Huesch
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Hugi
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Wintgens
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Gründenstrasse 40, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India.
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