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Barthet A, Chauris H, Romary T, Semetey V, Chautru E. Advanced granulometric characterization of shredded waste printed circuit boards for sampling. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024; 187:296-305. [PMID: 39083852 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2024.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Whether it be to measure their value before a trade, to calculate yields and optimize the recycling process or to check for the presence of harmful substances, Waste Electronic and Electric Equipments (WEEE) need to be characterized. Sampling can give an accurate assessment of the grade of a batch of WEEE, but quantifying the uncertainty around this estimate can be delicate. Pierre Gy's sampling theory of particulate matter studies how the latter is affected by the physical and chemical properties of the studied objects. However, its application requires a deep understanding of the correlations existing between their size, shape, volume, density, mass and grade, which are still unclear for WEEE fragments. Although average information is typically available on batches of WEEE, a more detailed description would be necessary to gain insight into such relationships. To start filling the gap, this paper focuses on the fine characterization of two different batches of waste printed circuit boards, crushed into pieces of about 10 mm. One by one, over 5,000 fragments were sampled, photographed and analyzed. Their individual mass, density, volume, thickness, surface, width and length were all measured separately. Based on their appearance, they were also sorted into four heuristic categories: plastic, metal, circuit boards and electronic components. Descriptive statistics of this novel granulometric database are shown here, throwing light on the unique correlations between the studied parameters and exhibiting a peculiar mass-size law. They point to new avenues on how to adapt Gy's sampling model to WEEE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Barthet
- Mines Paris, PSL University, Centre for Geosciences and Geoengineering, 77300 Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Hervé Chauris
- Mines Paris, PSL University, Centre for Geosciences and Geoengineering, 77300 Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Thomas Romary
- Mines Paris, PSL University, Centre for Geosciences and Geoengineering, 77300 Fontainebleau, France.
| | - Vincent Semetey
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL University, CNRS, Institut de Recherche de Chimie Paris, 11 Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Emilie Chautru
- Mines Paris, PSL University, Centre for Geosciences and Geoengineering, 77300 Fontainebleau, France.
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2
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Panizio R, Castro C, Pacheco N, Assis AC, Longo A, Vilarinho C, Teixeira JC, Brito P, Gonçalves M, Nobre C. Investigation of biochars derived from waste lignocellulosic biomass and insulation electric cables: A comprehensive TGA and Macro-TGA analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37882. [PMID: 39323800 PMCID: PMC11422558 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the thermochemical decomposition and gasification performance of biochars produced from blends of waste lignocellulosic biomass and waste insulation electrical cables at varying temperatures. Characterization tests revealed changes, particularly in ash content (27.5 %-34 %) and elemental composition, with nitrogen content increasing notably in biochar samples compared to the original feedstock. Van Krevelen diagrams demonstrated a reduction in O/C and H/C ratios with increasing production temperature, resembling fossil fuels more closely. The thermogravimetric and the derived thermogravimetric profiles illustrated distinct degradation stages influenced by heating rates and production temperature. Macro-TGA tests provided insights into biomass residue behavior under gasification conditions, indicating higher reaction rates at elevated temperatures. Syngas analysis highlighted the impact of temperature and equivalence ratio on syngas composition, with higher temperatures favoring hydrogen-rich gas production. The observed trends in cold gas efficiency (42.61 %-50.40 %) and carbon conversion efficiency (45.83 %-50.40 %) underscore the significance of temperature control in maximizing gasification performance. Biochars produced at higher temperatures demonstrated superior gasification performance, suggesting potential for optimizing biochar production processes to enhance energy recovery and waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Panizio
- VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, 7300- 555, Portalegre, Portugal
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center, Chemistry Department, SST-NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carlos Castro
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center, Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4804-533, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nuno Pacheco
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center, Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4804-533, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Ana Carolina Assis
- VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, 7300- 555, Portalegre, Portugal
| | - Andrei Longo
- VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, 7300- 555, Portalegre, Portugal
| | - Cândida Vilarinho
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center, Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4804-533, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - José Carlos Teixeira
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center, Mechanical Engineering Department, School of Engineering, University of Minho, 4804-533, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Paulo Brito
- VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, 7300- 555, Portalegre, Portugal
| | - Margarida Gonçalves
- VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, 7300- 555, Portalegre, Portugal
- MEtRICs, Mechanical Engineering and Resource Sustainability Center, Chemistry Department, SST-NOVA University of Lisbon, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Catarina Nobre
- VALORIZA, Research Center for Endogenous Resource Valorization, Portalegre Polytechnic University, 7300- 555, Portalegre, Portugal
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Nguyen PH, Le TN, Pham MT, Trinh MQ. Circular economy, economic growth, and e-waste generation in EU27 countries: Further evidence from the novel circular economy index and threshold effect. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:55361-55387. [PMID: 39230810 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34855-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
The circular economy has been identified as a critical keyword for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Nevertheless, there is a lack of in-depth empirical literature on the impact mechanisms of the circular economy (CE) and economic growth (GDP) in mitigating e-waste generation (waste electrical and electronic equipment - WEEE). Given Europe's leading position in e-waste generation per capita, the study aims to scrutinize the interplay between CE, GDP, and WEEE for 2010-2020. The research applies advanced econometric methods, primarily centered around the system generalized method of moment and dynamic panel threshold. It was noteworthy that different CE indicators exhibited varying effects on WEEE through the econometric analysis. Therefore, the research uniquely utilized the entropy weight method to compute a holistic composite index for the circular economy (CEI) and gained some interesting findings. Firstly, CEI significantly reduced WEEE, while GDP drove its increase. However, an overly developed CEI of 0.7616 counteracted its beneficial effect. Secondly, the synergy of CEI*GDP engendered the circular economy rebound effect, diminishing environmental benefits. Thirdly, in the circular context, the environmental Kuznets curve was validated, showcasing an inverted U-shaped pattern. Finally, the study found CEI to have different threshold effects, with thresholds of 0.2161 to inhibit WEEE, 0.2114 to avert the circular economy rebound effect, and 0.2360 to leverage GDP in reducing WEEE. These outcomes give insights to policymakers in designing sound policies targeting circular economy development and decoupling e-waste generation from economic growth towards the United Nations' SDGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuc Hung Nguyen
- Faculty of International Economic Relations, University of Economics and Law, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thai Nguyen Le
- Faculty of International Economic Relations, University of Economics and Law, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Tam Pham
- Faculty of International Economic Relations, University of Economics and Law, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Quy Trinh
- Faculty of International Economic Relations, University of Economics and Law, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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James G, Tran DT, Chaudhuri H, Song MH, Yun YS. Chitosan-thioglycolic acid composite cross-linked with glutaraldehyde for selective recovery of Au(III) ions from e-waste leachate via reduction-coupled adsorption and incineration. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 364:143282. [PMID: 39243902 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 08/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
The recovery of gold (Au) from electronic waste (e-waste) has gained significant attention due to its high Au content and economic feasibility compared to natural ores. This study presents a facile, single-step approach to prepare the chitosan-thioglycolic acid composite crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (CS-TGA-GA) and demonstrates its unique capability for precious metal management, which is a less investigated application area for thiolated chitosan materials. The novel cost-effective biosorbent CS-TGA-GA demonstrated a very high adsorption capacity of 1351.9 ± 96 mg/g and selectivity for Au(III) from an acidic e-waste solution at pH 1 and 298 K. The high adsorption capacity and selectivity of the sorbent can be attributed to the abundance of -NH2, -OH, and -SH groups present on its surface. Various characterizations, such as scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, as well as sorption experiments, including pH, kinetic, and isotherm studies, were performed. The kinetic data align with a pseudo-second-order model and the isotherm data can be well expressed by the Freundlich model. The CS-TGA-GA composite effectively facilitated the conversion of Au(III) to Au(0), leading to the formation of Au nanoparticles that aggregated in the reaction vessel over time. Subsequently, the Au-loaded CS-TGA-GA underwent an incineration procedure, yielding recovered Au with a purity of 99.6%, as measured by X-ray fluorescence. In addition to its large uptake capacity, acid stability, and recyclability, the prepared sorbent showed a highly selective uptake of Au(III) ions in a solution containing various metal ions leached from waste printed circuit boards. These results highlight the potential of CS-TGA-GA as an adsorbent for the recovery of Au from e-waste leachate, thereby contributing to sustainable resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greeshma James
- Division of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Duy Tho Tran
- Division of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Haribandhu Chaudhuri
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Song
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoung-Sang Yun
- Division of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeonbuk, 561-756, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Oliveira Neto JF, Cavalcante JNG, Silva MM, Machado Santos S, Florencio L. Potential of metal recovery from printed circuit boards in Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:51702-51718. [PMID: 39120816 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34515-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the generation of domestic waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and waste printed circuit board (WPCB) were estimated, from 2015 to 2030. Based on the number of EEE put on the Brazilian market, the possession rate in the Brazilian households and obsolescence amounts of five EEE types were estimated using time series. The results show that, between 2015 and 2030, the quantity of WEEE generated per year will increase from 131.87 kt to 195.22 kt. In this period, WPCB generation will stay around 10% of WEEE generation. Additionally, this study shows that the urban mining potential of the materials recoverable from WPCB can be an important revenue source, with environmental benefits deriving from energy savings and a reduction in CO2 emissions. The results of this study provide a quantitative basis that may help decision makers develop strategic policies for WEEE management, considering material circularity.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Oliveira Neto
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670901, Brazil.
| | - Joyce Nunes Galvão Cavalcante
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670901, Brazil
| | - Maisa Mendonça Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670901, Brazil
| | - Simone Machado Santos
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670901, Brazil
| | - Lourdinha Florencio
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Tecnologia e Geociências, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, 50670901, Brazil
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Choubey A, Mishra S, Misra R, Pandey AK, Pandey D. Smart e-waste management: a revolutionary incentive-driven IoT solution with LPWAN and edge-AI integration for environmental sustainability. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:720. [PMID: 38985219 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Managing e-waste involves collecting it, extracting valuable metals at low costs, and ensuring environmentally safe disposal. However, monitoring this process has become challenging due to e-waste expansion. With IoT technology like LoRa-LPWAN, pre-collection monitoring becomes more cost-effective. Our paper presents an e-waste collection and recovery system utilizing the LoRa-LPWAN standard, integrating intelligence at the edge and fog layers. The system incentivizes WEEE holders, encouraging participation in the innovative collection process. The city administration oversees this process using innovative trucks, GPS, LoRaWAN, RFID, and BLE technologies. Analysis of IoT performance factors and quantitative assessments (latency and collision probability on LoRa, Sigfox, and NB-IoT) demonstrate the effectiveness of our incentive-driven IoT solution, particularly with LoRa standard and Edge AI integration. Additionally, cost estimates show the advantage of LoRaWAN. Moreover, the proposed IoT-based e-waste management solution promises cost savings, stakeholder trust, and long-term effectiveness through streamlined processes and human resource training. Integration with government databases involves data standardization, API development, security measures, and functionality testing for efficient management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Choubey
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, 801106, Bihar, India
- School of Computer Science Engineering and Technology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivendu Mishra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, 801106, Bihar, India.
- Department of Information Technology, Rajkiya Engineering College, Ambedkar Nagar, 224122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Rajiv Misra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Patna, 801106, Bihar, India
| | - Amit Kumar Pandey
- Department of Applied Science and Humanities, Rajkiya Engineering College, Ambedkar Nagar, 224122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Digvijay Pandey
- Department of Technical Education, IET, Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India
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7
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Xie W, Yu Q, Fang W, Zhang X, Geng J, Tang J, Jing W, Liu M, Ma Z, Yang J, Bi J. Data-driven approaches linking wastewater and source estimation hazardous waste for environmental management. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5432. [PMID: 38926394 PMCID: PMC11208539 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49817-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Industrial enterprises are major sources of contaminants, making their regulation vital for sustainable development. Tracking contaminant generation at the firm-level is challenging due to enterprise heterogeneity and the lack of a universal estimation method. This study addresses the issue by focusing on hazardous waste (HW), which is difficult to monitor automatically. We developed a data-driven methodology to predict HW generation using wastewater big data which is grounded in the availability of this data with widespread application of automatic sensors and the logical assumption that a correlation exists between wastewater and HW generation. We created a generic framework that used representative variables from diverse sectors, exploited a data-balance algorithm to address long-tail data distribution, and incorporated causal discovery to screen features and improve computation efficiency. Our method was tested on 1024 enterprises across 10 sectors in Jiangsu, China, demonstrating high fidelity (R² = 0.87) in predicting HW generation with 4,260,593 daily wastewater data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaoge Zhang
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jinghua Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenfei Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Zongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianxun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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El-Sherif DM, Abouzid M, Saber AN, Hassan GK. A raising alarm on the current global electronic waste situation through bibliometric analysis, life cycle, and techno-economic assessment: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:40778-40794. [PMID: 38819510 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33839-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Electronic waste (E-waste) production worldwide is increasing three times faster than the growth of the global population, and it is predicted that the total volume of E-waste will reach 74 million tonnes by 2030. United Nations warned that unless emissions of heat-trapping gases are drastically reduced, humanity will face catastrophic climate change. We created a bibliometric analysis and discussed the life cycle and techno-economic assessments of the current E-waste situation. We found trending E-waste topics, particularly those related to industrial facilities implementing a circular economy framework and improving the recycling methods of lithium-ion batteries, and this was linked to the topic of electric vehicles. Other research themes included bioleaching, hydrometallurgy, reverse logistics, heavy metal life cycle assessment, and sustainability. These topics can interest industrial factories and scientists interested in these fields. Also, throughout techno-economic assessments, we highlighted several economic and investment opportunities to benefit stakeholders from E-waste recycling. While the rate of E-waste is increasing, consumer education on the proper E-waste management strategies, a collaboration between international organizations with the industrial sector, and legislation of robust E-waste regulations may reduce the harmful effect on humans and the environment and increase the income to flourish national economies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina M El-Sherif
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF), Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St, 60-806, Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ayman N Saber
- Department of Pesticide Residues and Environmental Pollution, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gamal K Hassan
- Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, 33 Behooth St, P.O. Box 12622, Giza, Dokki, Egypt
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9
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Vuppaladadiyam SSV, Thomas BS, Kundu C, Vuppaladadiyam AK, Duan H, Bhattacharya S. Can e-waste recycling provide a solution to the scarcity of rare earth metals? An overview of e-waste recycling methods. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171453. [PMID: 38453089 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Recycling e-waste is seen as a sustainable alternative to compensate for the limited natural rare earth elements (REEs) resources and the difficulty of accessing these resources. Recycling facilitates the recovery of valuable products and minimizes emissions during their transportation. Numerous studies have been reported on e-waste recycling using various techniques, including thermo-, hydro- and biometallurgical approaches. However, each approach still has technical, economic, social, or environmental limitations. This review highlights the potential of recycling e-waste, including outlining the current unutilized potential of REE recycling from different e-waste components. An in-depth analysis of e-waste generation on a global scale and Australian scenario, along with various hazardous impacts on ecosystem and human health, is reported. In addition, a comprehensive summary of various metal recovery processes and their merits and demerits is also presented. Lifecycle analysis for recovering REEs from e-waste indicate a positive environmental impact when compared to REEs produced from virgin sources. In addition, recovering REEs form secondary sources eliminated ca. 1.5 times radioactive waste, as seen in production from primary sources scenario. The review outcome demonstrates the increasing potential of REE recycling to overcome critical challenges, including issues over supply security and localized dependency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bennet Sam Thomas
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Australia
| | - Chandan Kundu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Australia
| | | | - Huabo Duan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Sankar Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Monash University, Australia.
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Tasnim A, Chowdhury R, Mim SJ, Ng KTW, Adu-Darko H. Influence of Canadian provincial stewardship model attributes on the cost effectiveness of e-waste management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 358:120945. [PMID: 38652986 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of e-waste collection and management trends across six Canadian provinces, focusing on e-waste collection rates, provincial stewardship model attributes, program strategies and budget allocations from 2013 to 2020. Temporal and regression analyses were conducted using data from Electronic Product Recycling Association reports. A group characterization based on geographical proximity is proposed, aiming to explore the potential outcomes of fostering collaboration among neighboring provinces. The analysis emphasizes the significant impact of stewardship model attributes on e-waste collection rates, with Quebec emerging as a standout case, showcasing a remarkable 61.5% surge in collection rates. Findings from group analysis reveal a positive correlation between per capita e-waste collection rate and the growth of businesses and collection sites in Western Canada (Group A - British Columbia, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba). This highlights the potential benefits of a coordinated waste management approach, emphasizing the importance of shared resources and collaborative policies. Saskatchewan and Manitoba allocated only 6.6% and 7.0% of their respective budgets to e-waste transfer and storage. British Columbia's observed steady decrease of e-waste collection rate. In Group A, stewards handled 2.18-13.95 tonnes of e-waste during the study period. The cost per tonne of e-waste tended to be lower when more e-waste is managed per steward, suggesting the potential benefits of an integrated e-waste collection and management system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anica Tasnim
- Environmental Systems Engineering, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, S4S 0A2.
| | - Rumpa Chowdhury
- Environmental Systems Engineering, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, S4S 0A2.
| | - Sharmin Jahan Mim
- Environmental Systems Engineering, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, S4S 0A2.
| | - Kelvin Tsun Wai Ng
- Environmental Systems Engineering, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, S4S 0A2.
| | - Hillary Adu-Darko
- Environmental Systems Engineering, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada, S4S 0A2.
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11
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Quan Z, Xu X, Wang W, Jiang J, Gao S. Do industrial solid waste recycling and technological innovation promote low-carbon development in China? New insights from NARDL approach. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 916:170446. [PMID: 38278237 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Recycling waste is crucial for consolidating resources and promoting sustainable development, serving a pivotal role in achieving the objectives of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Nonetheless, most existing research has primarily focused on municipal solid waste (MSW) recycling, often neglecting the significant volume of industrial solid waste (ISW). This study aims to explore the asymmetric effects of industrial solid waste recycling and technological innovation on the low-carbon development. To this end, this study selects GDP and carbon intensity as indicators representing economic growth and environmental quality. A variable that can enhance GDP growth while reducing carbon intensity signifies its contribution to low-carbon development. By collecting data from China over the period of 1985-2020, non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) models of GDP and carbon intensity are established to discover whether the low-carbon development can be achieved by enacting ISW recycling and technological innovation. The results show the asymmetric shocks of ISW recycling and technological innovation on economic growth and environmental quality. In the long run, both ISW recycling and technological innovation promote low-carbon development. In the short run, technological innovation proved to be detrimental to economic growth and environmental quality. This paper also highlights the inhibitory effect of the labor force on economic growth. The "pollution haven hypothesis" is supported by the finding that foreign direct investment reduces carbon intensity. Additionally, the Granger test revealed the direction of the variables' causality. Based on empirical findings, policymakers can protect the environment and create economic value simultaneously through waste recycling and technological innovation, thereby realizing low-carbon development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichuan Quan
- School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Xi Xu
- School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Weihao Wang
- School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China.
| | - Jikun Jiang
- School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
| | - Shuning Gao
- School of Management Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China
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12
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Raja A, Costa P, Blum JL, Doherty-Lyons S, Igbo JK, Meltzer G, Orem W, McCawley M, Zelikoff JT. In vivo exposure to electronic waste (e-waste) leachate and hydraulic fracturing fluid adversely impacts the male reproductive system. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 124:108533. [PMID: 38160783 PMCID: PMC10922462 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Human health effects can arise from unregulated manual disassembly of electronic waste (e-waste) and/or hydraulic fracturing fluid spills. There is limited literature on the effects of e-waste and hydraulic fracturing wastewater exposure on the male reproductive system. Thus, this proof-of-concept study begins to address the question of how wastewater from two potentially hazardous environmental processes could affect sperm quality. Therefore, three groups of eight-week-old adult mice were exposed (5 d/wk for 6 wks) via a mealworm (Tenebrio molitor and Zophabas morio) feeding route to either: (1) e-waste leachate (50% dilution) from the Alaba Market (Lagos, Nigeria); (2) West Virginia hydraulic fracturing flowback (HFF) fluid (50% dilution); or, (3) deionized water (control). At 24-hours (hr), 3 weeks (wk), or 9-wk following the 6-wk exposure period, cohorts of mice were necropsied and adverse effects/persistence on the male reproductive system were examined. Ingestion of e-waste leachate or HFF fluid decreased number and concentration of sperm and increased both chromatin damage and numbers of morphological abnormalities in the sperm when compared to control mice. Levels of serum testosterone were reduced post-exposure (3- and 9-wk) in mice exposed to e-waste leachate and HFF when compared to time-matched controls, indicating the long-term persistence of adverse effects, well after the end of exposure. These data suggest that men living around or working in vicinity of either e-waste or hydraulic fracturing could face harmful effects to their reproductive health. From both a human health and economic standpoint, development of prevention and intervention strategies that are culturally relevant and economically sensitive are critically needed to reduce exposure to e-waste and HFF-associated toxic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Raja
- Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Patricia Costa
- Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason L Blum
- Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Product Safety Labs, Dayton, NJ, USA
| | - Shannon Doherty-Lyons
- Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Juliet K Igbo
- Department of Biological Oceanography, Nigerian Institute for Oceanography and Marine Research, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Gabriella Meltzer
- Departments of Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - William Orem
- United States Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA
| | - Michael McCawley
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, West Virginia University, South Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Judith T Zelikoff
- Division of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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13
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Dorninger C, Menéndez LP, Caniglia G. Social-ecological niche construction for sustainability: understanding destructive processes and exploring regenerative potentials. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2024; 379:20220431. [PMID: 37952625 PMCID: PMC10645119 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Through the exponential expansion of human activities, humanity has become the driving force of global environmental change. The consequent global sustainability crisis has been described as a result of a uniquely human form of adaptability and niche construction. In this paper, we introduce the concept of social-ecological niche construction focusing on biophysical interactions and outcomes. We use it to address destructive processes and to discuss potential regenerative ones as ways to overcome them. From a niche construction point of view, the increasing disconnections between human activities and environmental feedbacks appear as a success story in the history of human-nature coevolution because they enable humans to expand activities virtually without being limited by environmental constraints. However, it is still poorly understood how suppressed environmental feedbacks affect future generations and other species, or which lock-ins and self-destructive dynamics may unfold in the long-term. This is crucial as the observed escape from natural selection requires growing energy input and represents a temporal deferral rather than an actual liberation from material limitations. Relying on our proposal, we conclude that, instead of further taming nature, there is need to explore the potential of how to tame socio-metabolic growth and impact in niche construction processes. This article is part of the theme issue 'Evolution and sustainability: gathering the strands for an Anthropocene synthesis'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Dorninger
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, Martinstraße 12, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
- Institute of Social Ecology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Schottenfeldgasse 29, Vienna 1070, Austria
| | - Lumila Paula Menéndez
- Department of Anthropology of the Americas, University of Bonn, Oxfordstraße 15, 53111 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Guido Caniglia
- Konrad Lorenz Institute for Evolution and Cognition Research, Martinstraße 12, Klosterneuburg 3400, Austria
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14
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Thakur R, Onwubu SC. Household waste management behaviour amongst residents in an informal settlement in Durban, South Africa. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 349:119521. [PMID: 37944318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.119521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
In South Africa, household waste management is a significant challenge in informal settlements, as most of these lack basic waste management infrastructure, and the government's waste management services are limited. This contextual setting brings unique challenges that have not been extensively explored in existing research. Understanding waste management behaviour is therefore critical in addressing underlying challenges and improving waste management practices in such settlements. The purpose of this study was to assess the waste management behaviour among residents of the Shannon Drive informal settlement, in Durban, South Africa. Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study conducted a cross-sectional survey amongst 226 residents at the Shannon Drive informal settlement in Durban, South Africa. The findings suggest that whilst individuals have a positive attitude towards managing their household waste, they believe that it is solely the responsibility of the municipality to manage this in their area, which could have implications for waste management policies and programs. The findings suggest that there is a need for continued education and outreach efforts to promote positive behaviour towards household waste management.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Thakur
- Department of Public Management and Economics, Durban University of Technology, South Africa.
| | - S C Onwubu
- Department of Chemistry, Durban University of Technology, South Africa
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15
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Gu W, Geng Y, Xiao S, Gao Z, Wei W. The anthropogenic cycles of palladium in China during 2001-2020. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 904:167248. [PMID: 37739081 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Palladium (Pd) is a strategic metal and can help reduce environmental pollution, especially from vehicle exhausts. China is the world's largest Pd consumer, but with very limited reserves. However, Pd anthropogenic cycles remain unclear in China. This study aims to uncover the dynamic Pd flows and stocks in China for the period of 2001-2020 by conducting dynamic material flow analysis. The results show that the demand for Pd had increased by 10 folds during the study period due to stricter vehicle emissions policies. Also, China mainly imported such resource from the United States, Western Europe, and East Asia, with a share of 88.8 %. However, due to insufficient end-of-life vehicle (ELV) recycling system, the total recycled Pd was only 12.3 tons although the end-of-life Pd flow increased from 3.7 tons in 2001 to 30.8 tons in 2020. This implies a great Pd recycling potential. Therefore, it is urgent to promote Pd recycling by establishing an effective Pd recycling system. In addition, other policy recommendations, such as diversifying Pd import partners, increasing Pd emergency reserves, and economic instruments, are raised by considering the Chinese realities so that the overall Pd resource efficiency can be improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yong Geng
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Shijiang Xiao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ziyan Gao
- School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Wendong Wei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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16
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Cenci MP, Eidelwein EM, Veit HM. Composition and recycling of smartphones: A mini-review on gaps and opportunities. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:1512-1528. [PMID: 37052313 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x231164324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
After more than a decade since smartphones became consolidated in the market, many recycling solutions have been proposed to deal with them. To continue developing useful solutions and enable adjustment of routes, this mini-review aims to analyse the current research scenario, presenting relevant gaps, trends and opportunities. From a structured searching and screening procedure, a vast source of data was arranged and is available to extract useful information (43 studies on composition and 93 studies on recycling). The study provides discussions about the history of smartphone development, constituent materials and recycling methods for different components, comparisons between feature phones and smartphones and others. Among some conclusions, the authors highlight the lack of studies on pre-extractive methods, green chemistry, recovery of critical and precious metals, determination of priority materials for recovery and solutions for entire devices. In the end, a list containing six research gaps for composition studies and seven research gaps for recycling studies is provided and may be seen as opportunities for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Pilotto Cenci
- LACOR, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Estela Moschetta Eidelwein
- LACOR, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hugo Marcelo Veit
- LACOR, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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17
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Kumar A, Thakur AK, Gaurav GK, Klemeš JJ, Sandhwar VK, Pant KK, Kumar R. A critical review on sustainable hazardous waste management strategies: a step towards a circular economy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:105030-105055. [PMID: 37725301 PMCID: PMC10579135 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29511-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
Globally, industrialisation and urbanisation have led to the generation of hazardous waste (HW). Sustainable hazardous waste management (HWM) is the need of the hour for a safe, clean, and eco-friendly environment and public health. The prominent waste management strategies should be aligned with circular economic models considering the economy, environment, and efficiency. This review critically discusses HW generation and sustainable management with the strategies of prevention, reduction, recycling, waste-to-energy, advanced treatment technology, and proper disposal. In this regard, the major HW policies, legislations, and international conventions related to HWM are summarised. The global generation and composition of hazardous industrial, household, and e-waste are analysed, along with their environmental and health impacts. The paper critically discusses recently adapted management strategies, waste-to-energy conversion techniques, treatment technologies, and their suitability, advantages, and limitations. A roadmap for future research focused on the components of the circular economy model is proposed, and the waste management challenges are discussed. This review stems to give a holistic and broader picture of global waste generation (from many sources), its effects on public health and the environment, and the need for a sustainable HWM approach towards the circular economy. The in-depth analysis presented in this work will help build cost-effective and eco-sustainable HWM projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016 India
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to Be University, Tirmalaisamudram, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu 613401 India
| | - Amit K. Thakur
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Energy Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007 Uttarakhand India
| | - Gajendra Kumar Gaurav
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, SPIL, NETME Centre, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Jaromír Klemeš
- Sustainable Process Integration Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, SPIL, NETME Centre, Brno University of Technology, VUT Brno, Technická 2896/2, 616 69 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vishal Kumar Sandhwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Parul Institute of Technology, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat 391760 India
| | - Kamal Kishore Pant
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi 110016 India
| | - Rahul Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Energy Cluster, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, 248007 Uttarakhand India
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18
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Fidelis R, Guerreiro EDR, Horst DJ, Ramos GM, de Oliveira BR, de Andrade Junior PP. Municipal solid waste management with recyclable potential in developing countries: Current scenario and future perspectives. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:1399-1419. [PMID: 36964724 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x231160084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a complex challenge to be solved worldwide, intensified in developing countries since in addition to economic and environmental aspects there is also the social aspect represented by the collector individual. From an integrative bibliographic review this study longitudinally analyses the socio-productive inclusion of collectors in the municipal solid waste management (MSWM) at an international level. Aiming: (a) to identify relevant articles describing/studies on MSWM with social inclusion of scavengers around the world; (b) to analyse these articles in order to present its main characteristics; (c) to describe municipal solid waste management with recyclable potential (MSWRP) with socio-productive inclusion of collectors; (d) the study provides a more detailed summary of MSWRP management in some developing countries: Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria and Pakistan; and (e) to provide a framework indicating the future practices and perspectives of MSWRP. As result, this study presents the paradigms and future questions for an effective improvement of WSWM, such as: Professional Training of Scavengers, Cultural Issues, Empowerment of Scavenger, Recycling Cooperatives and Cooperativism, Policy Issues and Recycling Chain, Management Systems and Process Improvement, Quality of Services Provided, Circular Economy and Informal Sector, Health Quality and Safety at Work, Barriers and Solutions for the Inclusion of the Informal Sector, Environmental, Economic and Social Benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reginaldo Fidelis
- Department of Mathematics, Federal University of Technology of Paraná, Campus Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Erico Daniel Ricardi Guerreiro
- Department of Production Engineering, Federal University of Technology of Paraná, Campus Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Diogo José Horst
- Postgraduate Program in Engineering and Mechanical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Joinville, Joinvile, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Muller Ramos
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology of Paraná, Campus Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bianca Romam de Oliveira
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Technology of Paraná, Campus Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Pedro Paulo de Andrade Junior
- Postgraduate Program in Engineering and Mechanical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Joinville, Joinvile, Brazil
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Pouyamanesh S, Kowsari E, Ramakrishna S, Chinnappan A. A review of various strategies in e-waste management in line with circular economics. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:93462-93490. [PMID: 37572248 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29224-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Waste management of electrical and electronic equipment has become a key challenge for electronics manufacturers due to globalization and the rapid expansion of information technology. As the volume of e-waste grows, legal departments lack the infrastructure, technology, and ability to collect and manage it environmentally soundly. Government laws, economic reasons, and social issues are important considerations in e-waste management. The circular economy concept is built on reusing and recycling goods and resources. A novel idea called the circular economy might prevent the negative consequences brought on by the exploitation and processing of natural resources while also having good effects such as lowering the demand for raw materials, cutting down on the use of fundamental resources, and creating jobs. To demonstrate the significance of policy implementation, the necessity for technology, and the need for societal awareness to build a sustainable and circular economy, the study intends to showcase international best practices in e-waste management. This study uses circular economy participatory implementation methods to provide a variety of possible approaches to assist decision-makers in e-waste management. The purpose of this article is to review the most accepted methods for e-waste management to emphasize the importance of implementing policies, technology requirements, and social awareness in creating a circular economy. To conclude, this paper highlights the necessity of a common legal framework, reform of the informal sector, the responsibility of different stakeholders, and entrepreneurial perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Pouyamanesh
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 1591634311, Iran
| | - Elaheh Kowsari
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology, No. 424, Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 1591634311, Iran.
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
| | - Amutha Chinnappan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119260, Singapore
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20
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Lyu L, Zhang S. Chlorinated Paraffin Pollution in the Marine Environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:11687-11703. [PMID: 37503949 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c02316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are ubiquitous in the environment due to their large-scale usage, persistence, and long-range atmospheric transport. The oceans are a critical environment where CPs transformation occurs. However, the broad impacts of CPs on the marine environment remain unclear. This review describes the sources, occurrence and transport pathways, environmental processes, and ecological effects of CPs in the marine environment. CPs are distributed in the global marine environment by riverine input, ocean currents, and long-range atmospheric transport from industrial areas. Environmental processes, such as the deposition of particle-bound compounds, leaching of plastics, and microbial degradation of CPs, are the critical drivers for regulating CPs' fate in water columns or sediment. Bioaccumulation and trophic transfer of CPs in marine food webs may threaten marine ecosystem functions. To elucidate the biogeochemical processes and environmental impacts of CPs in marine environments, future work should clarify the burden and transformation process of CPs and reveal their ecological effects. The results would help readers clarify the current research status and future research directions of CPs in the marine environment and provide the scientific basis and theoretical foundations for the government to assess marine ecological risks of CPs and to make policies for pollution prevention and control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lyu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China
| | - Si Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China
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21
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Al Mamun MZU, Hossain MS, Moulick SP, Begum M, Sathee RA, Hossen MS, Jahan F, Rashid MM, Islam F, Bhuiyan RH, Alam MS. Nano-crystallite bones of Oreochromis niloticus and Katsuwonus pelamis for the photocatalytic degradation of Congo red dye. Heliyon 2023; 9:e18012. [PMID: 37483710 PMCID: PMC10362149 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The bones of two fish species, Oreochromis niloticus and Katsuwonus pelamis, were chosen in this research for evaluating their photocatalytic efficacy under solar radiation. The fish bones were isolated and conditioned before analyzing crystallographic parameters. The samples were characterized by using different instrumental techniques such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX), Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscopy (FESEM), and optical bandgap. From the XRD data, various types of crystallographic information such as crystallite size, microstrain, lattice parameters, dislocation density, degree of crystallinity, crystallinity index, Hydroxylapatite (HAp), the volume fraction of β-TCP, β-Tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) percentage, and specific surface area were evaluated. Different model equations such as the Sahadat-Scherrer model, Linear Straight-line model, Monshi-Scherrer's method, and Williamson-Hall plot were employed to justify the nano-crystallite size. The photocatalytic efficacy of the two types of samples was explored by changing the catalyst concentration, dye concentration, interaction time, pH of the solution, etc. under solar irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Zia Uddin Al Mamun
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sahadat Hossain
- Institute of Glass & Ceramic Research and Testing (IGCRT), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Shyama Prosad Moulick
- BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Mohajira Begum
- BCSIR Rajshahi Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Rahima Akter Sathee
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sujan Hossen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Farhana Jahan
- BCSIR Rajshahi Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Mamunur Rashid
- Institute of Food Science and Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Faridul Islam
- BCSIR Rajshahi Laboratories, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Riyadh Hossen Bhuiyan
- Fiber and Polymer Research Division, BCSIR Laboratories Dhaka, Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sha Alam
- Institute of Mining, Mineralogy & Metallurgy (IMMM), Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Joypurhat-5900, Bangladesh
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22
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Twagirayezu G, Uwimana A, Kui H, Birame CS, Irumva O, Nizeyimana JC, Cheng H. Towards a sustainable and green approach of electrical and electronic waste management in Rwanda: a critical review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27910-5. [PMID: 37291354 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27910-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electric and electronic equipment (EEE) consumption has grown to worrisome proportions in developing countries (DCS), resulting in massive amounts of electrical and electronic waste (e-waste) being produced. A diagnosis of e-waste proliferation is required for its sustainable management plan in Rwanda. This review is based on open-access papers with e-waste as a keyword, the present situation of EEE, and e-waste in Rwanda. The need for various information communication and technology (ICT) tools, such as end-user devices, cooling-system devices, network equipment, and telecommunication devices, is strongly encouraged by Rwandan national plans, which deem ICT as a vital enabler of knowledge-based economy and development. In 2014, EEE was 33,449 tonnes (t), which is expected to be 267,741 t in 2050, with a yearly increase rate of 5.95%. In this regard, out-of-date EEE is being dumped as e-waste in large quantities and at an increasing rate across Rwanda. E-waste is often disposed of in uncontrolled landfills together with other types of household waste. To address this rising threat, as well as to preserve the environment and human health, proper e-waste management involving e-waste sorting/separation from other waste streams, repairs, reuse, recycling, remanufacturing, and disposal has been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gratien Twagirayezu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Abias Uwimana
- College of Science and Technology, University of Rwanda, P. O. Box 3900, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Huang Kui
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, China
| | | | - Olivier Irumva
- School of Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, People's Republic of China
| | - Jean Claude Nizeyimana
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Hongguang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550002, China.
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Pinto J, Colónia J, Abdolvaseei A, Vale C, Henriques B, Pereira E. Algal sorbents and prospects for their application in the sustainable recovery of rare earth elements from E-waste. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-27767-8. [PMID: 37227641 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and sustainable secondary sourcing of Rare-Earth Elements (REE) is essential to counter supply bottlenecks and the impacts associated with primary mining. Recycled electronic waste (E-waste) is considered a promising REE source and hydrometallurgical methods followed by chemical separation techniques (usually solvent extraction) have been successfully applied to these wastes with high REE yields. However, the generation of acidic and organic waste streams is considered unsustainable and has led to the search for "greener" approaches. Sorption-based technologies using biomass such as bacteria, fungi and algae have been developed to sustainably recover REE from e-waste. Algae sorbents in particular have experienced growing research interest in recent years. Despite its high potential, sorption efficiency is strongly influenced by sorbent-specific parameters such as biomass type and state (fresh/dried, pre-treatment, functionalization) as well as solution parameters such as pH, REE concentration, and matrix complexity (ionic strength and competing ions). This review highlights differences in experimental conditions among published algal-based REE sorption studies and their impact on sorption efficiency. Since research into algal sorbents for REE recovery from real wastes is still in its infancy, aspects such as the economic viability of a realistic application are still unexplored. However, it has been proposed to integrate REE recovery into an algal biorefinery concept to increase the economics of the process (by providing a range of additional products), but also in the prospect of achieving carbon neutrality (as large-scale algae cultivation can act as a CO2 sink).
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pinto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João Colónia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | | | - Carlos Vale
- CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Bruno Henriques
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
- LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Eduarda Pereira
- Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
- LAQV-REQUIMTE - Associated Laboratory for Green Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
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Srivastav AL, Markandeya, Patel N, Pandey M, Pandey AK, Dubey AK, Kumar A, Bhardwaj AK, Chaudhary VK. Concepts of circular economy for sustainable management of electronic wastes: challenges and management options. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:48654-48675. [PMID: 36849690 PMCID: PMC9970861 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26052-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and electrical industrial sector is exponentially growing throughout the globe, and sometimes, these wastes are being disposed of and discarded with a faster rate in comparison to the past era due to technology advancements. As the application of electronic devices is increasing due to the digitalization of the world (IT sector, medical, domestic, etc.), a heap of discarded e-waste is also being generated. Per-capita e-waste generation is very high in developed countries as compared to developing countries. Expansion of the global population and advancement of technologies are mainly responsible to increase the e-waste volume in our surroundings. E-waste is responsible for environmental threats as it may contain dangerous and toxic substances like metals which may have harmful effects on the biodiversity and environment. Furthermore, the life span and types of e-waste determine their harmful effects on nature, and unscientific practices of their disposal may elevate the level of threats as observed in most developing countries like India, Nigeria, Pakistan, and China. In the present review paper, many possible approaches have been discussed for effective e-waste management, such as recycling, recovery of precious metals, adopting the concepts of circular economy, formulating relevant policies, and use of advance computational techniques. On the other hand, it may also provide potential secondary resources valuable/critical materials whose primary sources are at significant supply risk. Furthermore, the use of machine learning approaches can also be useful in the monitoring and treatment/processing of e-wastes. HIGHLIGHTS: In 2019, ~ 53.6 million tons of e-wastes generated worldwide. Discarded e-wastes may be hazardous in nature due to presence of heavy metal compositions. Precious metals like gold, silver, and copper can also be procured from e-wastes. Advance tools like artificial intelligence/machine learning can be useful in the management of e-wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Lal Srivastav
- Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, India
| | - Markandeya
- Ex-Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Naveen Patel
- Department of Civil Engineerin, IET, Dr. RammanoharLohia Avadh University, Uttar Pradesh, Ayodhya, India
| | - Mayank Pandey
- Department of Environmental Studies, P.G.D.A.V. College (Evening), University of Delhi, Delhi, 110065, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Earth Sciences, Banasthali Vidyapith, Radha Kishnpura, P. O. Banasthali, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar Dubey
- Chitkara University School of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, India.
| | - Abhishek Kumar
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Bhardwaj
- Amity School of Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Science, Amity University, Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, 474001, India
| | - Vinod Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Dr. Rammanohar Lohia Avadh University, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Su Z, Hou W, Wang J, Zhang Y, Jiang T. One-step separation of tin from e-waste by a chemical vapor transport process (CVT): Preparation of nano-SnO 2. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 157:330-338. [PMID: 36603447 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.12.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
E-waste is a valuable resource for the recovery of secondary metals. However, traditional methods only focused on the extraction of Cu and noble metals (Au, Ag, etc.), and significant tin (Sn) loss occurred during the smelting or the leached. In this paper, a novel chemical vapor transport (CVT) process was proposed to separate and recycle Sn from e-waste to prepare nano-SnO2. The effect of roasting parameters on Sn volatilization and characterization of nano-SnO2 were investigated using thermodynamic analysis, XRD, SEM, TEM, etc. The results indicated that Sn volatilization of 92.8 % was obtained under optimal roasting parameters under CO-CO2-N2 atmosphere. In addition, nano-SnO2 with a crystallinity of 99.9 %, an average grain size of 24.8 nm and a specific surface area of 97.9 m2/g was synthesized successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Su
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Hou
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jia Wang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Tao Jiang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Removal of Bromine from Polymer Blends with a Composition Simulating That Found in Waste Electric and Electronic Equipment through a Facile and Environmentally Friendly Method. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030709. [PMID: 36772010 PMCID: PMC9919020 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing volume of plastics from waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE) nowadays is of major concern since the various toxic compounds that are formed during their handling enhance the difficulties in recycling them. To overcome these problems, this work examines solvent extraction as a pretreatment method, prior to thermochemical recycling by pyrolysis. The aim is to remove bromine from some polymeric blends, with a composition that simulates WEEE, in the presence of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). Various solvents-isopropanol, ethanol and butanol-as well as several extraction times, were investigated in order to find the optimal choice. Before and after the pretreatment, blends were analysed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to estimate the total bromine content. Blends were pyrolyzed before and after the soxhlet extraction in order to evaluate the derived products. FTIR measurements of the polymeric blends before and after the soxhlet extraction showed that their structure was maintained. From the results obtained, it was indicated that the reduction of bromine was achieved in all cases tested and it was ~34% for blend I and ~46% and 42% for blend II when applying a 6 h soxhlet with isopropanol and ethanol, respectively. When using butanol bromine was completely eliminated, since the reduction reached almost 100%. The latter finding is of great importance, since the complete removal of bromine enables the recycling of pure plastics. Therefore, the main contribution of this work to the advancement of knowledge lies in the use of a solvent (i.e., butanol) which is environmentally friendly and with a high dissolving capacity in brominated compounds, which can be used in a pretreatment stage of plastic wastes before it is recycled by pyrolysis.
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Wójcik G, Górska-Parat M, Hubicki Z, Zinkowska K. Selective Recovery of Gold from Electronic Waste by New Efficient Type of Sorbent. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:924. [PMID: 36769929 PMCID: PMC9917452 DOI: 10.3390/ma16030924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Modular connectors are applied by computer users, and they can be metallic secondary sources containing metals such as gold and copper. Because gold is a micro-component, the solution obtained after the pin digestion contains a low concentration of gold(III) ions, and efficient and selective sorbent should be used for gold(III) ion recovery. The selective removal of small amounts of gold(III) from 0.001-6 M hydrochloric acid solutions using pure and solvent-impregnated macroporous polystyrene crosslinked with divinylbenzene sorbents (Purolite MN 202 and Cyanex 272) is presented. Gold(III) ions were recovered effectively from the chloride solution after the digestion of the modular connector RJ 45 (8P8C) using Purolite MN 202 after the impregnation process. The dependence of the recovery percentage (R%) of gold(III) on the contact time was determined. The highest value of gold(III) ion sorption capacity (259.45 mg·g-1) was obtained in 0.001 M HCl for Purolite MN202 after the Cyanex 272 impregnation. The results can be applied to gold recovery from e-waste. The presented method of gold recovery does not generate nitrogen oxides and does not require the use of cyanides.
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Brindhadevi K, Barceló D, Lan Chi NT, Rene ER. E-waste management, treatment options and the impact of heavy metal extraction from e-waste on human health: Scenario in Vietnam and other countries. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 217:114926. [PMID: 36435494 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ho Chi Minh (HCM) City is the most important urban region of Vietnam, Southeast Asia. In recent times, the quantity of electronic waste (e-waste) has been growing by several thousand tonnes every year. In this research, some of the existing and developing technologies being employed for the recycling of e-waste have been reviewed. Accordingly, the paper has been divided into three sections namely, e-waste treatment technologies in Ho Chi Minh City, the effect of heavy metals on human health and the extraction of metals from e-waste using pyrolysis, hydrometallurgy, bioleaching, mechanical, and air classifier methods, respectively. The extraction of precious metals and heavy metals such as Cd, Cr, Pb, Hg, Cu, Se, and Zn from e-waste can be hazardous to human health. For example, lead causes hazards to the central and peripheral nervous systems, blood system and kidneys; copper causes liver damage; chronic exposure to cadmium ends up causing lung cancer and kidney damage, and mercury can cause brain damage. Thus, this study examines the key findings of many research and review articles published in the field of e-waste management and the health impacts of metal pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Computational Engineering and Design Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Damià Barceló
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA-CERCA), C. Emili Grahit 101, 17003, Girona, Spain; IDAEA-CSIC, Department of Environmental Chemistry, C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nguyen Thuy Lan Chi
- School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Eldon R Rene
- Department of Water Supply, Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, IHE Delft Institute for Water Education, Westvest 7, 2601DA Delft, the Netherlands.
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Prabhu N S, Majhi R. Disposal of obsolete mobile phones: A review on replacement, disposal methods, in-use lifespan, reuse and recycling. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:18-36. [PMID: 35722875 PMCID: PMC9925901 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x221105429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Usage/consumption of mobile phones has increased rapidly around the world. As of April 2021, there were 5.27 billion mobile phone users. Meanwhile, the generation of obsolete mobile phones/mobile phone wastes is also increased mainly due to the replacement of mobile phones. The in-use lifespan of mobile phones is correspondingly getting decreased. The inappropriate disposal of obsolete mobile phones leads to adverse consequences on the environment, human health and on metal recovery. This review article provides an insight on findings from various articles on disposal of obsolete mobile phones by users/consumers. The various aspects, such as reasons for replacement, disposal methods adopted by users/consumers, impact due to the adoption of improper disposal methods such as handing them over to the informal recycling sector and storage/hibernation after its in-use lifespan, were covered. Along with this, the study even focuses on reduce, reuse and recycle (3Rs) of sustainability. Reduce means reduction of mobile phone replacement frequency. Storage of mobile phones post-in-use lifespan is the most opted disposal method, and it is one of the significant barriers to reuse, recycling and metal recovery. When it comes to recycling, the research undertaken on the recycling of obsolete mobile phones is not as in-depth when compared to the research done on recycling of e-waste in general. This article identifies future directions for sustainable end-of-life management of obsolete mobile phones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Prabhu N
- Shailesh Prabhu N, School of Management,
National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, NH 66, Srinivasnagar,
Surathkal, Mangaluru, Karnataka 575025, India.
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30
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Cui J, Wang W, Chen Z, Ren G, Gao X. How digitalization and financial development impact eco-efficiency? Evidence from China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:3847-3861. [PMID: 35960467 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22366-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The rapid growth of industrial digitalization and financial support are the main driving forces for the green transformation of China's economy. Aiming to explore how digitalization and financial development impact ecological efficiency (eco-efficiency), this study proposes a unified research framework by integrating multiple technologies using the panel data that covered 30 China's provinces from 2006 to 2018. First, China's provincial digital development index is constructed to measure the level of digitalization, and regional eco-efficiency is estimated by a non-radial data envelope analysis (DEA) model. Based on that, the panel data regression model and panel vector autoregression (PVAR) model are used to explore the direct effects and dynamic effect of digitalization and financial development on eco-efficiency, respectively. Then, the threshold regression model is employed to check the threshold effect of the two variables on eco-efficiency. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) Both digitalization and financial development have a significantly positive correlation with regional eco-efficiency, indicating that China's digitalization and financial development in recent years have both improved regional eco-efficiency. (2) Eco-efficiency has positive and longer responses to the impulse coming from digitalization and financial development, and the response of ecological efficiency to financial development is greater than its response to digitalization. (3) Threshold effects exist in the impact mechanism of digitalization on regional eco-efficiency. This indicates that the level of financial support is too low to promote the improvement in ecological efficiency. Eco-efficiency can be improved only to a certain extent. The research conclusions provide a policy reference for improving eco-efficiency and promoting China's green development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiujiu Cui
- School of Management, Xinxiang University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Wenju Wang
- Institute for Carbon Peak and Neutrality & School of Economics, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing, 101149, China
| | - Zhenling Chen
- Institute for Carbon Peak and Neutrality & School of Economics, Beijing Wuzi University, Beijing, 101149, China.
- School of Economics, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Guangqian Ren
- Business School, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiaofang Gao
- Contract Pricing Department, North China Power Engineering Co., Ltd. of China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Beijing, 100120, China
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31
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Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Biochar Production from a Circular Economy Perspective. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10122684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Climate change and environmental sustainability are among the most prominent issues of today. It is increasingly fundamental and urgent to develop a sustainable economy, capable of change the linear paradigm, actively promoting the efficient use of resources, highlighting product, component and material reuse. Among the many approaches to circular economy and zero-waste concepts, biochar is a great example and might be a way to push the economy to neutralize carbon balance. Biochar is a solid material produced during thermochemical decomposition of biomass in an oxygen-limited environment. Several authors have used life cycle assessment (LCA) method to evaluate the environmental impact of biochar production. Based on these studies, this work intends to critically analyze the LCA of biochar production from different sources using different technologies. Although these studies reveal differences in the contexts and characteristics of production, preventing direct comparison of results, a clear trend appears. It was proven, through combining life cycle assessment and circular economy modelling, that the application of biochar is a very promising way of contributing to carbon-efficient resource circulation, mitigation of climate change, and economic sustainability.
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He H, Yang B, Wu D, Gao X, Fei X. Applications of crushing and grinding-based treatments for typical metal-containing solid wastes: Detoxification and resource recovery potentials. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120034. [PMID: 36030964 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Metal-containing solid wastes can induce serious environmental pollution if managed improperly, but contain considerable resources. The detoxification and resource recoveries of these wastes are of both environmental and economic significances, being indispensable for circular economy. In the past decades, attempts have been made worldwide to treat these wastes. Crushing and grinding-based treatments have been increasingly applied, the operating apparatus and parameters of which depend on the waste type and treatment purpose. Based on the relevant studies, the applications of crushing and grinding on four major types of solid wastes, namely spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) cathode, waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs), incineration bottom ash (IBA), and incineration fly ash (IFA) are here systematically reviewed. These types of solid wastes are generated in increasing amounts, and have the potentials to release various organic and inorganic pollutants. Despite of the widely different texture, composition, and other physicochemical properties of the solid wastes, crushing and grinding have been demonstrated to be universally applicable. For each of the four wastes, the technical route that involving crushing and grinding is described with the advantages highlighted. The crushing and grinding serve either mainstream or auxiliary role in the processing of the solid wastes. This review summarizes and highlights the developments and future directions of crushing and grinding-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongping He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | - Bo Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Deli Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaofeng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Xunchang Fei
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798, Singapore; Residues and Resource Reclamation Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, 637141, Singapore.
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33
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A framework to improve smartphone supply chain defects: social media analytics approach. SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS AND MINING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13278-022-00982-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Joshi S, Sharma M, Barve A. Implementation challenges of blockchain technology in closed-loop supply chain: A Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) management perspective in developing countries. SUPPLY CHAIN FORUM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16258312.2022.2135972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Joshi
- Operations and Supply Chain Management Research Lab, School of Management, Doon University, INDIA
- Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute (AAII), University of Technology, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Management Studies, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, INDIA
- Guildhall School of Business and Law, London Metropolitan University, London LONDON
| | - Akhilesh Barve
- Mechanical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Bhopal, INDIA
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35
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Soni A, Das PK, Yusuf M, Kamyab H, Chelliapan S. Development of sand-plastic composites as floor tiles using silica sand and recycled thermoplastics: a sustainable approach for cleaner production. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18921. [PMID: 36344577 PMCID: PMC9640566 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19635-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Strict environmental concerns, depleting natural recourses, and rising demand for building construction materials have promoted scientific research toward alternative building materials. This research supports the idea of sustainability and a circular economy via the utilization of waste to produce value-added products. The research explored the potential of waste plastics and silica sand for developing thermoplastic composite as floor tiles. The samples were characterized by water absorption, compressive strength, flexural strength, and sliding wear. The morphological analysis of the sand-plastic interfaces was covered under the umbrella of this study. The maximum compressive and flexural strength were found to be 46.20 N/mm2 and 6.24 N/mm2, respectively, with the minimum water absorption and sliding wear rate of 0.039% and 0.143 × 10-8 kg/m, respectively. The study suggests the workability of the developed floor tiles in non-traffic areas of public places. Thus, the study provides a green building material through recycling waste plastics for sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Soni
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Tripura, 799046, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Agartala, Tripura, 799046, India
| | - Mohammad Yusuf
- Department of Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.
| | - Hesam Kamyab
- Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, 600 077, India
| | - Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan
- Engineering Department, Razak Faculty of Technology & Informatics, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, 54100, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Zhou Y, Li Z, Zhu Y, Chang Z, Hu Y, Tao L, Zheng T, Xiang M, Yu Y. Legacy and alternative flame retardants in indoor dust from e-waste industrial parks and adjacent residential houses in South China: Variations, sources, and health implications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157307. [PMID: 35839871 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have elucidated health concerns of informal e-waste recycling activities, yet few has evaluated the effectiveness of the regulations as well as the human exposure risks to adjacent residents. Herein, legacy polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), hexabromocyclododecane (HBCDs), and alternative organophosphate esters (OPEs) were investigated in indoor dust collected from three e-waste industrial parks and five adjacent villages located in south China. The levels and composition patterns varied significantly between workshop and home dust. BDE209 showed much higher (p < 0.01) concentrations in workshop dust versus home dust, while relatively comparable levels were found for OPEs and HBCDs. Principal component analysis revealed that OPEs and PBDEs were mainly related to home and workshop dust, respectively. Results strongly indicated that e-waste dismantling activities still contribute to a high burden of BDE209 to surrounding residents, whilst the sources of OPEs may also originated from household products, especially for TCEP. The estimated daily intakes (EDIs) via dust ingestion and dermal absorption for occupational worker and nearby toddlers were below available reference dose (RfD) values even at worst case scenario. This study highlights the significance of deca-BDEs rather than alternative OPEs in e-waste generated in China, which could provide scientific suggestions for policy formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- The Postgraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University (South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Guangzhou 510530, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Zongrui Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Zhaofeng Chang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yongxia Hu
- West Center, Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing 400714, China
| | - Lin Tao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tong Zheng
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Mingdeng Xiang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China
| | - Yunjiang Yu
- The Postgraduate Training Base of Jinzhou Medical University (South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment), Guangzhou 510530, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou 510530, China.
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Su-Gallegos J, Magallón-Cacho L, Ramírez-Aparicio J, Borja-Arco E. Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles from Gold Coatings Recovered from E-Waste Processors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7307. [PMID: 36295373 PMCID: PMC9610500 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This work presents the synthesis of Au nanoparticles from gold coatings recovered from processor pins with minimal waste generation. The process consisted of four main steps: (1) physical recovery of pins, (2) recovery of gold coatings by acid digestion, (3) synthesis of HAuCl4 under mild conditions and, (4) synthesis of Au nanoparticles by the Turkevich method. The small dimensions of Au coatings allowed the synthesis of HAuCl4 with lower amounts of HClconc and HNO3conc than those used with aqua regia. This method has significant advantages, such as lower NO2(g) emission, easy post-treatment and purification, low synthesis cost and high yields. Gold nanoparticles synthesized from HAuCl4 were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Size distribution analysis showed particles 14.23 nm in length and 12.05 nm in width, while absorption spectra showed a surface plasmon located at 523 nm; these characteristics were very similar to those observed with Au nanoparticles obtained with Aldrich's reagent. It is suggested that recycling procedures can be improved by taking into account the size and shape of the metals to be recovered, thus introducing a new field of research known as hydronanometallurgy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Su-Gallegos
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Chemestry, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | | | | | - Edgar Borja-Arco
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Chemestry, Faculty of Chemistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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Aubrac G, Bastiansz A, Basu N. Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mercury Exposure among Populations and Environments in Contact with Electronic Waste. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191911843. [PMID: 36231146 PMCID: PMC9564538 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191911843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Electronic waste (e-waste) recycling releases mercury (Hg) into the environment, though to our knowledge Hg levels at such sites have yet to be examined on a worldwide basis. A systematic review of scientific studies was conducted to extract, analyze, and synthesize data on Hg levels in e-waste products, environments near recycling sites, and in people. Data were extracted from 78 studies from 20 countries, and these included Hg levels in 1103 electrical and electronic products, 2072 environmental samples (soil, air, plant, food, water, dust), and 2330 human biomarkers (blood, hair, urine). The average Hg level in products was 0.65 μg/g, with the highest levels found in lamps (578 μg/g). Average soil and sediment Hg levels (1.86 μg/g) at e-waste sites were at least eight times higher than at control sites. Average urinary Hg levels (0.93 μg/g creatinine) were approximately two-fold higher among e-waste workers versus control groups. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that e-waste recycling may lead to Hg contamination in environments and human populations in close proximity to processing sites. These findings contribute to a growing knowledge base of mercury exposure through diverse source-exposure pathways, and the work has potential policy implications in the context of the Minamata Convention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen Aubrac
- Bieler School of Environment, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 2A7, Canada
| | - Ashley Bastiansz
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
| | - Niladri Basu
- Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Xu K, Bechu A, Basu N, Ghoshal S, Moores A, George S. Hazard Profiling of Commercially Relevant Quantum Dot Components Revealed Synergistic Interactions between Heavy Metals and Polymers. Chem Res Toxicol 2022; 35:1457-1466. [PMID: 35943131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Commercially used quantum dots (QDs) exemplify complex nanomaterials with multiple components, though little is known about the type of interactions between these components in determining the overall toxicity of this material. We synthesized and characterized a functional QD (CdSe/ZnS_P&E) that was identical in structure and composition to a patented and commercially applied QD and the combinations of its components (CdSe, CdSe/ZnS, ZnS, CdSe_P&E, ZnS_P&E, and P&E). Cells exposed to incremental concentrations of these materials were investigated for cell viability and cellular perturbations, contributing to a final common pathway of cell death using high-content screening assays in model human intestinal epithelial cells (HIEC-6). The concentrations that resulted in a loss of 20% cell viability (EC20 values) for each tested component were used for estimating the combination index (CI) to evaluate synergistic or antagonistic effects between the components. Complete QD (core/shell-polymer) showed the highest toxic potential due to synergistic interactions between core and surface functional groups. The cationic polymer coating enhanced cellular uptake of the QD, ensuing lysosome acidification and release of heavy metal ions to the intracellular milieu, and caused oxidative stress and cytotoxicity. Overall, this study advances our understanding of the collective contribution of individual components of a functional QD toward its toxic potential and emphasizes the need to study multilayered nanomaterials in their entirety for hazard characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Aude Bechu
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Niladri Basu
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Audrey Moores
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada.,Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada.,Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Saji George
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0G4, Canada
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Siddiqua A, Hahladakis JN, Al-Attiya WAKA. An overview of the environmental pollution and health effects associated with waste landfilling and open dumping. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:58514-58536. [PMID: 35778661 PMCID: PMC9399006 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21578-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Landfilling is one of the most common waste management methods employed in all countries alike, irrespective of their developmental status. The most commonly used types of landfills are (a) municipal solid waste landfill, (b) industrial waste landfill, and (c) hazardous waste landfill. There is, also, an emerging landfill type called "green waste landfill" that is, occasionally, being used. Most landfills, including those discussed in this review article, are controlled and engineered establishments, wherein the waste ought to abide with certain regulations regarding their quality and quantity. However, illegal and uncontrolled "landfills" (mostly known as open dumpsites) are, unfortunately, prevalent in many developing countries. Due to the widespread use of landfilling, even as of today, it is imperative to examine any environmental- and/or health-related issues that have emerged. The present study seeks to determine the environmental pollution and health effects associated with waste landfilling by adopting a desk review design. It is revealed that landfilling is associated with various environmental pollution problems, namely, (a) underground water pollution due to the leaching of organic, inorganic, and various other substances of concern (SoC) contained in the waste, (b) air pollution due to suspension of particles, (c) odor pollution from the deposition of municipal solid waste (MSW), and (d) even marine pollution from any potential run-offs. Furthermore, health impacts may occur through the pollution of the underground water and the emissions of gases, leading to carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects of the exposed population living in their vicinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Siddiqua
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - John N Hahladakis
- Waste Management (FEWS) Program, Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Wadha Ahmed K A Al-Attiya
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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Fathima A, Tang JYB, Giannis A, Ilankoon IMSK, Chong MN. Catalysing electrowinning of copper from E-waste: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 298:134340. [PMID: 35306219 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Smart technologies and digitalisation have increased the consumption of scarce metals that threaten the sustainability of intricated industries. Additionally, the growing streams of waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) are significant hazards to public health and the environment. Thus, there is an escalating need to recover metals from e-waste for sustainable management of metal resources. Hydrometallurgical processing of e-waste, involving copper (Cu) leaching and its subsequent recovery from pregnant leach solution (PLS) via electrowinning, has emerged as an efficient strategy to close the recycling loop. Electrowinning from PLS demonstrated higher Cu recovery efficiency and operational feasibility with a lower reagent use and lesser waste generation. Nevertheless, multiple issues challenged its practical implementation, including selective recovery of Cu from PLS containing mixed metals and high energy consumption. This review (1) identifies the factors affecting Cu electrowinning from PLS; (2) evaluates the composition of lixiviants influencing Cu electrowinning; (3) appraises various catalysts developed for enhancing Cu electrodeposition; and (4) reviews coupled systems that minimised process energy consumption. From the literature review, electrocatalysts are prospective candidates for improving Cu electrowinning as they reduced the cathodic reduction overpotentials, enhanced surface reaction kinetics and increased current efficiency. Other catalysts, including bioelectrocatalysts and photoelectrocatalysts, are applicable for dilute electrolytes with further investigations required to validate their feasibility. The coupled systems, including slurry electrolysis, bioelectrochemical systems and coupled redox fuel cells, minimise process energy requirements by systematically coupling the cathodic reduction reaction with suitable anodic oxidation reactions having thermodynamically low overpotentials. Among these systems, slurry electrolysis utilising a single-step processing of e-waste is feasible for commericalisation though operational challenges must be addressed to improve its sustainability. The other systems require further studies to improve their scalability. It provides an important direction for energy-efficient Cu electrowinning from PLS, ultimately promoting a circular economy for the scarce metal resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshia Fathima
- School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Jessie Yuk Bing Tang
- School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Apostolos Giannis
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete (TUC), University Campus, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - I M S K Ilankoon
- School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia
| | - Meng Nan Chong
- School of Engineering, Chemical Engineering Discipline, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, 47500, Malaysia.
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42
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Tian T, Liu G, Yasemi H, Liu Y. Managing e-waste from a closed-loop lifecycle perspective: China's challenges and fund policy redesign. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:47713-47724. [PMID: 35182343 PMCID: PMC9232477 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19227-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
E-waste is one of the fastest growing streams of solid waste globally, and its effective management has become a focused issue, which requires a deep understanding of the core guiding theory of extended producer responsibility (EPR). Over the past 20 years, China, one of the world's largest producers of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE), has made great efforts to improve e-waste management along with the massive generation of e-waste. In 2012, China implemented a unique EPR-based e-waste fund policy. However, the fund policy is unsustainable due to the challenges of non-closed resource use, informal recycling, and fund imbalance. Beginning with an overview of these challenges, this paper focuses on redesigning the fund policy from a closed-loop lifecycle perspective in order to maintain a balanced development of the resource use loop and the fund system in China's ten-year plan. In doing so, two EPR instruments, recycling content standards and consumer-oriented deposits, are added to the current fund policy. Subsequently, three extension scenarios alternately changed a critical parameter of the model to test the impact on sustainable capabilities. In this way, the sustainable supply of funds and secondary resources for the e-waste industry can be established in China and effectively demonstrate solid waste management in developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Tian
- Business Division, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
- School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Guangfu Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hussein Yasemi
- Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Management and Engineering, Linköping University, SE-581 83, Linköping, Sweden.
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Jain V, Kumar S, Mostofi A, Arab Momeni M. Sustainability performance evaluation of the E-waste closed-loop supply chain with the SCOR model. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 147:36-47. [PMID: 35598545 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
From a sustainability perspective, the performance of a company's supply chain will be satisfactory when it has reached in all aspects a desirable eco-environmentally friendly level. Assessing the sustainability performance in the closed-loop e-waste supply chain becomes vital because its activities are primarily targeted towards sustainability goals related to the process of production, supply, recycling, and disposal of electrical components. This study evaluates the performance of e-waste supply chain sustainability and identifies its performance indicators as a framework for evaluating supply chain performance using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), which is a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach. For this, the supply chain operations reference (SCOR) model is considered the basic performance evaluation reference. Moreover, through reviewing the literature, the complementary indicators of this model, especially in terms of sustainability, are added to the performance evaluation indices using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT). After specifying and forming a performance evaluation hierarchy, the BWM method is used to determine the criteria score. The results of implementing the framework on some well-known supply chains in New Zealand indicate that the attributes of "Costs," "Quality," and "GreenScor" are crucial for achieving high performance, while in this developed country, there is less concern about social issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipul Jain
- Wellington School of Business and Government, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Sameer Kumar
- Opus College of Business, Department of Operations and Supply Chain Management, University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, MN 55403, USA.
| | - Amirhossein Mostofi
- Wellington School of Business and Government, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
| | - Mojtaba Arab Momeni
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Jam Faculty of Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.
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Liu L, Chen J, Liu C, Luo Y, Chen J, Fu Y, Xu Y, Wu H, Li X, Wang H. Relationships Between Biological Heavy Metals and Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Nutr 2022; 9:838762. [PMID: 35782923 PMCID: PMC9245072 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.838762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Heavy metals were classified as essential, probably essential, and potentially toxic in the general population. Until now, it has been reported inconsistently on the association between heavy metals and BC. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to assess the association between heavy metals and BC and review the potential mechanisms systematically. Methods We searched for epidemiological studies in English about the association between heavy metals and BC published before September 2020 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. In total 36 studies, comprising 4,151 individuals from five continents around the world were identified and included. Results In all biological specimens, Cu, Cd, and Pb concentrations were higher, but Zn and Mn concentrations were lower in patients with BC than in non-BC participants [SMD (95% CIs): 0.62 (0.12, 1.12); 1.64 (0.76, 2.52); 2.03 (0.11, 3.95); −1.40 (−1.96, −0.85); −2.26 (−3.39, −1.13); p = 0.01, 0.0003, 0.04, <0.0001, <0.0001]. Specifically, higher plasma or serum Cu and Cd, as well as lower Zn and Mn, were found in cases [SMD (95% CIs): 0.98 (0.36, 1.60); 2.55 (1.16, 3.94); −1.53 (−2.28, −0.78); −2.40 (−3.69, −1.10); p = 0.002, 0.0003, <0.0001, 0.0003]; in hair, only lower Zn was observed [SMD (95% CIs): −2.12 (−3.55, −0.68); p = 0.0004]. Furthermore, the status of trace elements probably needs to be re-explored, particularly in BC. More prospective studies, randomized clinical trials, and specific pathogenic studies are needed to prevent BC. The main mechanisms underlying above-mentioned findings are comprehensively reviewed. Conclusion For BC, this review identified the current knowledge gaps which we currently have in understanding the impact of different heavy metals on BC. Systematic Review Registration www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020176934, identifier: CRD42020176934.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuxuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xue Li
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Hui Wang
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45
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Optimization, Kinetic Studies of Tin Leaching from Waste Printed Circuit Boards and Selective Tin Recovery from Its Pregnant Solution. METALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/met12060954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To protect natural resources and avoid environmental pollution, an effective method is proposed to recover tin (Sn) from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). In order to realize the efficient recovery of Sn, it is necessary to study the effects of experimental parameters on Sn leaching and understand the leaching kinetics of leaching processes. The statistical and mathematical technique (response surface methodology (RSM)) was used to study the effects of interactions of experimental parameters on the leaching rate and optimize experimental parameters. Moreover, a comprehensive understanding of the leaching kinetics of Sn in hydrochloric acid solution was obtained. The results show that the maximum Sn leaching rate was 97.6% which was obtained under the following optimal condition: 74.1 °C, 4.94 mol/L HCl, 495.5 rpm, and a solid–liquid ratio of 0.08 g/mL. The leaching mechanism of Sn was controlled by mixed control reaction with an activation energy of 20.3 kJ/mol. A macroscopic kinetic equation was also established, which summarizes the relationships between the experimental parameters and the leaching rates and can predict leaching results. The Sn in pregnant leach solution was recovered as stannic oxide (SnO2) by precipitation-high temperature calcining technique. In this paper, a complete flowsheet for Sn recovery from WPCBs was developed.
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Advancements in the field of electronic waste Recycling: Critical assessment of chemical route for generation of energy and valuable products coupled with metal recovery. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.120773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cenci MP, Dal Berto FC, Castillo BW, Veit HM. Precious and critical metals from wasted LED lamps: characterization and evaluation. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1870-1881. [PMID: 33241733 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1856939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
LED lamps already conquered the market of general lighting and are expected to generate a substantial stream of e-waste in the coming years. The challenge of recycling LED lamps have emerged, and it is essential to address both environmental and economic aspects to achieve a circular economy. LED lamps contain precious and critical metals, which can be found in electrical components and in the LED itself, making them a prospective waste for recycling initiatives. However, data about the concentration and distribution of these metals in the LED lamp's components are still scarce and uncertain. This work aims to characterise the various components of different brands of LED lamps to provide novel data on the precious and critical metals' amounts. Gold and silver were found in all brands of lamp, and we highlight the occurrence of gold in all analysed components, in concentrations between 0.01% and 0.07%, which is relevant to the economic viability of future recycling routes (gold and silver can contribute with USD 4340.00 per ton of LED lamps). The critical metals gallium, yttrium, and cerium were found in LEDs, while cobalt, barium, gallium, antimony, and manganese were found in printed circuit boards (PCBs). Additionally, the elements lead, cadmium, and arsenic were characterised due to their association with environmental and human toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Pilotto Cenci
- LACOR, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Frederico Christ Dal Berto
- LACOR, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Bianca Wurlitzer Castillo
- LACOR, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hugo Marcelo Veit
- LACOR, Department of Materials Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Singh S, Dasgupta MS, Routroy S. Evaluation of sustainable e-waste collection method for urban and rural region of India. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2022; 40:545-555. [PMID: 34407701 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x211018512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electronic waste is one of the most challenging waste streams to manage. It has become a significant concern in developing countries due to the ever-increasing volume of generation coupled with deficient growth in collection and processing infrastructure. For the various stakeholders, it is of paramount importance to adopt a robust and sustainable collection method for hazard mitigation. The prevalent e-waste collection methods are categorized under four major heads, namely take-back, retail store, door-to-door and curbside collection. The e-waste collection problems are analysed from various perspective, based on literature that cited developing country-specific survey and data that includes India. Economic sustainability and potential risk are included as attributes in the evaluation scheme. We attempt to establish a decision-making model. Discussion with the field experts and decision-makers (DMs) provided the weights for various attributes and sub-attributes. A fuzzy linguistic scale is used to take care of ambiguity in DMs' opinion. Fuzzy- Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is used to determine the importance of various attributes and sub-attributes, while Fuzzy-VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (FVIKOR) is used to determine the rank of the alternatives. Based on the analysis, 'take-back collection' and 'retail store based collection' are found the most suitable options for urban and rural regions respectively. The attributes, social awareness and economical sustainability are found to have the highest significance in both cases. Implementation of a collection method is an expensive activity, and the proposed Fuzzy-Multi Attribute Decision Making attempts to capture various attributes and their complex interplay to arrive at a decision on optimum e-waste collection option(s) in a specific locality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailender Singh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Mani Sankar Dasgupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
| | - Srikanta Routroy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science Pilani, Pilani, Rajasthan, India
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Chakraborty SC, Zaman MWU, Hoque M, Qamruzzaman M, Zaman JU, Hossain D, Pramanik BK, Nguyen LN, Nghiem LD, Mofijur M, Mondal MIH, Sithi JA, Shahriar SMS, Johir MAH, Ahmed MB. Metals extraction processes from electronic waste: constraints and opportunities. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:32651-32669. [PMID: 35220520 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19322-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The skyrocketing demand and progressive technology have increased our dependency on electrical and electronic devices. However, the life span of these devices has been shortened because of rapid scientific expansions. Hence, massive volumes of electronic waste (e-waste) is generating day by day. Nevertheless, the ongoing management of e-waste has emerged as a major threat to sustainable economic development worldwide. In general, e-waste contains several toxic substances such as metals, plastics, and refractory oxides. Metals, particularly lead, mercury, nickel, cadmium, and copper along with some valuable metals such as rare earth metals, platinum group elements, alkaline and radioactive metal are very common; which can be extracted before disposing of the e-waste for reuse. In addition, many of these metals are hazardous. Therefore, e-waste management is an essential issue. In this study, we critically have reviewed the existing extraction processes and compared among different processes such as physical, biological, supercritical fluid technologies, pyro and hydrometallurgical, and hybrid methods used for metals extraction from e-waste. The review indicates that although each method has particular merits but hybrid methods are eco-friendlier with extraction efficiency > 90%. This study also provides insight into the technical challenges to the practical realization of metals extraction from e-waste sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shovra Chandra Chakraborty
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Wahad Uz Zaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Mozammel Hoque
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Qamruzzaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Jahid Uz Zaman
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Delowar Hossain
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | | | - Luong Ngoc Nguyen
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Long Duc Nghiem
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Md Mofijur
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar, 31952, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Ibrahim H Mondal
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Jeni Aprazita Sithi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Sha Md Shahan Shahriar
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abu Hasan Johir
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| | - Mohammad Boshir Ahmed
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, 15, Broadway, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia.
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Consumer behaviour towards storage, disposal and recycling of e-waste: systematic review and future research prospects. BENCHMARKING-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1108/bij-12-2021-0774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PurposeWith the rapid increase in the consumption of electrical and electronic innovations, responsible management and recycling of electronic waste (e-waste) or waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) has been a significant concern for the governments, stakeholders, researchers and industry practitioners around the world. Consumer awareness, disposal behaviour and perception are chief facets of designing sustainable management strategies. Although researchers have widely studied e-waste over many years, the research focusing on consumer awareness about e-waste recycling has gained momentum recently. This paper aims to systematise the existing literature and explore future research prospects on household e-waste sorting behaviour.Design/methodology/approachWeb of science (WoS) core collection was searched using selected keywords to identify relevant articles published from 2001 to 2021. The search resulted in 1,156 research articles published from 2001 to 2021. After a detailed study, 85 articles were shortlisted for in-depth review. The review was conducted based on global trends, top journals, most prolific authors, most active e-waste research countries, and institutions centring on consumer participation in e-waste disposal and recycling behaviour. The present research has also identified around eleven factors that seem to have a bearing on consumer behaviour towards storage, disposal and recycling of e-waste.FindingsE-waste research has gained increased attention in the last five years. The majority of the studies has focused on motivational factors and ignore the risks associated with handling e-waste. The present study reports the pertinent issue of lack of awareness among the masses about e-waste handling and disposal. Thus, bringing to the fore the lack of awareness programmes and initiatives. The analysis presents the gaps in the literature and future research agendas.Originality/valueThe review article will help in providing an in-depth understanding of consumer behaviour towards storage, disposal and recycling of e-waste and delineates the future direction of research that may be undertaken in this field of study.
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