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Han Y, Ling S, Hu S, Shen G, Zhang H, Zhang W. Combined exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether and nano zero-valent iron aggravated oxidative stress and interfered with metabolism in earthworms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 926:172033. [PMID: 38547968 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) is a common brominated flame retardant in electronic waste, and nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is a new material in the field of environmental remediation. Little is known about how BDE-209 and nZVI combined exposure influences soil organisms. During the 28 days study, we determined the effects of single and combined exposures to BDE-209 and nZVI on the oxidative stress and metabolic response of earthworms (Eisenia fetida). On day 7, compared to CK, malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased in most combined exposure groups. To remove MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) activities were induced in most combined exposure groups. On day 28, compared to CK, the activities of SOD and CAT were inhibited, while POD activity was significantly induced, indicating that POD plays an important role in scavenging ROS. Combined exposure to BDE-209 and nZVI significantly affected amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism, purine metabolism, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis pathways, interfered with energy metabolism, and aggravated oxidative stress in earthworms. These findings provide a basis for assessing the ecological impacts of using nZVI to remediate soils contaminated with BDE-209 from electronic waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Han
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Siyuan Ling
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Shuangqing Hu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Genxiang Shen
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Hongchang Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Li W, Zhang W, Dong J, Liang X, Sun C. Groundwater chlorinated solvent plumes remediation from the past to the future: a scientometric and visualization analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:17033-17051. [PMID: 38334923 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32080-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Contamination of groundwater with chlorinated hydrocarbons has serious adverse effects on human health. As research efforts in this area have expanded, a large body of literature has accumulated. However, traditional review writing suffers from limitations regarding efficiency, quantity, and timeliness, making it difficult to achieve a comprehensive and up-to-date understanding of developments in the field. There is a critical need for new tools to address emerging research challenges. This study evaluated 1619 publications related to this field using VOSviewer and CiteSpace visual tools. An extensive quantitative analysis and global overview of current research hotspots, as well as potential future research directions, were performed by reviewing publications from 2000 to 2022. Over the last 22 years, the USA has produced the most articles, making it the central country in the international collaboration network, with active cooperation with the other 7 most productive countries. Additionally, institutions have played a positive role in promoting the publication of science and technology research. In analyzing the distribution of institutions, it was found that the University of Waterloo conducted the majority of research in this field. This paper also identified the most productive journals, Environmental Science & Technology and Applied and Environmental Microbiology, which published 11,988 and 3253 scientific articles over the past 22 years, respectively. The main technologies are bioremediation and chemical reduction, which have garnered growing attention in academic publishing. Our findings offer a useful resource and a worldwide perspective for scientists engaged in this field, highlighting both the challenges and the possibilities associated with addressing groundwater chlorinated solvent plumes remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Li
- Jilin University Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
- Jilin University National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Weihong Zhang
- Jilin University Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
- Jilin University National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Dong
- Jilin University Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
- Jilin University National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Liang
- Jilin University Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
- Jilin University National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Sun
- Jilin University Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment of the Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
- Jilin University National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Petrochemical Contaminated Site Control and Remediation Technology, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
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Chen H, Qian L. Performance of field demonstration nanoscale zero-valent iron in groundwater remediation: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 912:169268. [PMID: 38081425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has gained widespread usage in groundwater remediation due to its exceptional reactivity. Since its initial deployment in field demonstrations in 2001, nZVI has proven to be an effective nanomaterial for addressing groundwater contaminants. Subsequent research has highlighted the versatility of nZVI, showcasing its potential to overcome critical limitations associated with conventional remediation technologies. The effectiveness of nZVI in remediation varies, contingent on factors such as the type of nZVI, contaminant nature, site conditions, and injection methodologies employed. This review aims to present a comprehensive progress report on the field application of nZVI spanning 22 years across eight countries. Drawing from a database encompassing 32 pilot or full-scale remediation sites, the study delineates the various types of nZVI, modification methods, demonstration sites, and primary contaminants targeted in field tests. Specific attention is given to the application effects and mechanisms of unmodified nZVI, Pd, surfactants, and carbon-modified nZVI in diverse field demonstrations. An analysis of the key factors influencing their performance is provided, and potential future applications of nZVI in groundwater remediation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huali Chen
- Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing 210036, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Linbo Qian
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, China.
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Ouyang Q, Hansen HCB, Thygesen LG, Tobler DJ. Nitrogen amended graphene catalyses fast reduction of vinyl chloride by nano zerovalent iron. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 244:120535. [PMID: 37660466 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Vinyl chloride (VC) is a dominant carcinogenic residual in many aged chlorinated solvent plumes, and it remains a huge challenge to clean it up. Zerovalent iron (ZVI) is an effective reductant for many chlorinated compounds but shows low VC removal efficiency at field scale. Amendment of ZVI with a carbonaceous material may be used to both preconcentrate VC and facilitate redox reactions. In this study, nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) produced by a simple co-pyrolysis method using urea as nitrogen (N) source, was tested as a catalyst for VC reduction by nanoscale ZVI (nZVI). The extent of VC reduction to ethylene in the presence of 2 g/L of nZVI was less than 1% after 3 days, and barely improved with the addition of 4 g/L of graphene. In contrast, with amendment of nZVI with NG produced at pyrolysis temperature (PT) of 950 °C, the VC reduction extent increased more than 10-fold to 69%. The reactivity increased with NG PT increasing from 400 °C to an optimum at 950 °C, and it increased linearly with NG loadings. Interestingly, N dosage had little effect on reactivity if NG was produced at PT of 950 °C, while a positive correlation was observed for NG produced at PT of 600 °C. XPS and Raman analyses revealed that for NG produced at lower PT (<800 °C) mainly the content of pyridine-N-oxide (PNO) groups correlates with reactivity, while for NG produced at higher PT up to 950 °C, reactivity correlates mainly with N induced structural defects in graphene. The results of quenching and hydrogen yield experiments indicated that NG promote reduction of VC by storage of atomic hydrogen, thus increasing its availability for VC reduction, while likely also enabling electron transfer from nZVI to VC. Overall, these findings demonstrate effective chemical reduction of VC by a nZVI-NG composite, and they give insights into the effects of N doping on redox reactivity and hydrogen storage potential of carbonaceous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Ouyang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C DK-1871, Denmark.
| | - Hans Christian Bruun Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C DK-1871, Denmark
| | - Lisbeth Garbrecht Thygesen
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, Frederiksberg C DK-1958, Denmark
| | - Dominique J Tobler
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, Frederiksberg C DK-1871, Denmark
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Deng J, Chen T, Arbid Y, Pasturel M, Bae S, Hanna K. Aging and reactivity assessment of nanoscale zerovalent iron in groundwater systems. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 229:119472. [PMID: 36535086 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this study, changes in the reactivity of nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) in five different groundwater (GW) systems under anoxic and oxic conditions were examined over a wide range of aging time (0 - 60 d). p-nitrophenol (p-NP) was used as a redox-sensitive probe, whereas nalidixic acid (NA), a typical antibiotic found in the natural environment, was used as a sorbing compound. Investigation of the p-NP reduction in pure water systems showed that NZVI lost 41% and 98% of its reductive activity under anoxic and oxic conditions after 60 d, while enhancement of its reactivity was observed after short-term aging in GW (1 - 5 d), followed by a further decline. This behavior has been ascribed to the formation of secondary Fe(II)-bearing phases, including magnetite and green rust, resulting from NZVI aging in GW. Adsorption experiments revealed that GW-anoxic-aged NZVI samples exhibited a good affinity toward NA, and a greater NA adsorption (∼27 µmol g - 1) than that of pristine NZVI (∼2 µmol g - 1) at alkaline pH values. Surface complexation modeling showed that the enhanced adsorption of NA onto secondary minerals can be attributed to the Fe(II)-NA surface complexation. This considerable change in the reductive ability and the adsorption capacity of NZVI arising from groundwater corrosion calls for greater attention to be paid in assessment studies, where NZVI is injected for long-term remediation in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Deng
- Univ. Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Tao Chen
- Univ. Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Yara Arbid
- Univ. Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Mathieu Pasturel
- Univ. Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Sungjun Bae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Korea
| | - Khalil Hanna
- Univ. Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes, CNRS, ISCR-UMR 6226, Rennes F-35000, France.
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Qureashi A, Pandith AH, Bashir A, Malik LA, Manzoor T, Sheikh FA, Fatima K, Haq ZU. Electrochemical analysis of glyphosate using porous biochar surface corrosive nZVI nanoparticles. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:742-755. [PMID: 36756521 PMCID: PMC9890542 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00610c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] is a widely used phosphonate herbicide for different agricultural purposes. Due to its widespread use, suspected toxicity, and ubiquitous bioaccumulation, it is one of the most harmful contaminants found in drinking water. This demands efficient sensing and removal of glyphosate from contaminated water. Here, we report the decoration of novel and highly porous biochar with nanozero-valent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles to develop an efficient electrochemical sensor for the trace detection of glyphosate. The as-synthesized composite was thoroughly characterized by various state-of-the-art instrumental techniques. The electron micrographs of the composite materials revealed the cavity-like structure and the abundant loading of nZVI nanoparticles. FTIR and XPS analyses confirmed the presence of oxygen-rich functionalities and Fe(0) in the composite nanostructure. Electrochemical analysis through CV, LSV, and DPV techniques suggested efficient sensing activity with a limit of detection as low as 0.13 ppm. Furthermore, the chronopotentiometric response suggested excellent and superior stability for long-term applications. To gain more insight into the interaction between glyphosate and the composite material, DFT calculations were carried out. The Frontier Molecular Orbital study (FMO), Molecular Electrostatic Potentials (MEPs), and Density of States (DOS) suggest an increase in the electron density, an increase in the DOS, and a decrease in the HOMO-LUMO band gap by combining nZVI nanoparticles and biochar. The results suggest more facile electron transfer from the composite for trace detection of glyphosate. As a proof of concept, we have demonstrated that real-time analysis of milk, apple juice, and the as-synthesized composite shows promising results for glyphosate detection with an excellent recovery rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaliya Qureashi
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Quantum Computations, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar J&K India +91-194-2414049 +91-194-2424900, +91-7006429021
| | - Altaf Hussain Pandith
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Quantum Computations, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar J&K India +91-194-2414049 +91-194-2424900, +91-7006429021
| | - Arshid Bashir
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Quantum Computations, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar J&K India +91-194-2414049 +91-194-2424900, +91-7006429021
| | - Lateef Ahmad Malik
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Quantum Computations, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar J&K India +91-194-2414049 +91-194-2424900, +91-7006429021
| | - Taniya Manzoor
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Quantum Computations, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar J&K India +91-194-2414049 +91-194-2424900, +91-7006429021
| | - Faheem A Sheikh
- Department of Nanotechnology, University of Kashmir Srinagar-190006 Kashmir India
| | - Kaniz Fatima
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Quantum Computations, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar J&K India +91-194-2414049 +91-194-2424900, +91-7006429021
| | - Zia-Ul Haq
- Laboratory of Nanoscience and Quantum Computations, Department of Chemistry, University of Kashmir Hazratbal Srinagar J&K India +91-194-2414049 +91-194-2424900, +91-7006429021
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Gao F, Ahmad S, Tang J, Zhang C, Li S, Yu C, Liu Q, Sun H. Enhanced nitrobenzene removal in soil by biochar supported sulfidated nano zerovalent iron: Solubilization effect and mechanism. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 826:153960. [PMID: 35192830 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sulfidated nano zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) is reported to be effective in removal of aqueous organic contaminants. However, little is known about its potential use in reductive degradation of soil-sorbed contaminants. In this study, biochar (BC) supported S-nZVI (S-nZVI@BC) was successfully synthesized through sulfidation and carbon loading modification, which effectively combined the solubilization characteristics of BC and high reduction characteristics of S-nZVI. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analysis suggested that sulfur and iron were evenly distributed throughout BC matrix. The degradation of nitrobenzene (NB) in soil was achieved more efficiently with the as-synthesized S-nZVI@BC composites. Results indicated that S-nZVI@BC with S-nZVI/BC mass ratio of 3:1, dosage of 10 mg/g exhibited superior NB removal (98%) and aniline (AN) formation (90%) efficiency within 24 h without formation of other intermediates, higher than those of S-nZVI. Meanwhile, the surface FeSX layer enhanced the antioxidant capacity of S-nZVI@BC and participated in the reduction of NB. The soil-sorbed NB decreased from 14% to 1.4%, indicating that the addition of BC played an important role in solubilization of NB from soil. Solubilization-reduction was the dominant mechanism for NB removal. This research indicated that S-nZVI@BC held the potential to enhance in-situ remediation of NB-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feilong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shakeel Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jingchun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Chengfang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Song Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chen Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qinglong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria (Ministry of Education), Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Hashmi MZ, Kaleem M, Farooq U, Su X, Chakraborty P, Rehman SU. Chemical remediation and advanced oxidation process of polychlorinated biphenyls in contaminated soils: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:22930-22945. [PMID: 35064511 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-18668-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are synthetic organic compounds ubiquitously distributed worldwide due to their persistence, long-range atmospheric transport, and bioaccumulation. Owing to teratogenic properties, PCBs are a global environmental problem. Different physical, biological, and chemical techniques are utilized for the remediation of PCBs. This review paper discusses the recent development in photocatalytic and chemical techniques for the remediation of PCBs in contaminated soils. In particular, the photocatalytic degradation of PCBs combined with soil washing, Fe-based reductive dichlorination, and advanced oxidation process (Fenton advance oxidation and persulfate oxidation) is discussed and reviewed in detail. The review suggested that advanced oxidation is an efficient remediation technique with 77-99% of removal efficiency of PCBs. Persulfate oxidation is the most suitable technique which could work at normal environmental conditions (such as pH, temperature, soil organic matter (SOM), etc.). Different environmental factors such as pH, temperature, and SOM affect the Fe-based reductive dechlorination and Fenton advance oxidation techniques. The surfactants and organic solvents used in soil washing combined with photocatalytic degradation affect the degradation capability of these techniques. This review will contribute to PCBs degradation by the detailed discussion of development in chemical technique future perspective and research needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zaffar Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
- Pakistan Academy of Science, 3-Constitution Avenue Sector G-5/2, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Kaleem
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Umar Farooq
- Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University, Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Xiaomei Su
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Paromita Chakraborty
- Environmental Science and Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shams Ur Rehman
- Environmental Science and Technology Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Reischer M, Christensen AG, Weber K, Tobler DJ, Dideriksen K. A novel, direct-push approach for detecting sulfidated nanoparticulate zero valent iron (S-nZVI) in sediments using reactive and non-reactive fluorophores. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2021; 243:103896. [PMID: 34695716 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Injection of microparticulate and nanoparticulate zero valent iron has become a regularly used method for groundwater remediation. Because of subsurface inhomogeneities, however, it is complicated to predict the ZVI transport in the subsurface, meaning that tools capable of determining its distribution after injection are highly useful. Here, we have developed a new direct-push based technique, which combines fluorescent and visible imaging, for detection of sulfidized nanoparticulate zero valent iron (S-nZVI) in the subsurface. Laboratory experiments show that the redox sensitive fluorophore riboflavin is rapidly reduced by S-nZVI within 200 s. Because the reduced riboflavin losses its green fluorescence, it can be used as S-nZVI sensitive indicator. Secondly, S-nZVI is black and tints light coloured sediment to a degree that allows detection in images. For quartz sand, 70 mg/kg of S-nZVI can be detected by visible imaging. Based on these results, a new direct-push probe (Dye-OIP) was designed based on Geoprobe's Optical Image Profiler (OIP), which was equipped with a fluorophore injection port below the OIP-unit. The injectant consisted of the redox active riboflavin mixed with the redox inactive fluorophore rhodamine WT, which fluoresces red and was used to verify that the mixture was indeed injected and detectable. Small scale experiments show that the fluorescence of this mixture in S-nZVI amended sand changes within 150 s from green with a hue of ~50 to red with a hue of ~30 when imaged with Dye-OIP. Tests of the Dye-OIP after a S-nZVI injection in a 1 m3 sized tank show that the tool could detect S-nZVI via fluorescence and visible imaging, when S-nZVI concentration was >0.2 mg per g dry sediment. Thus, these novel methods should be able to detect S-nZVI in the subsurface, without relying on infrastructure such as wells. Based on our results, the Dye-OIP could be further improved to make it suitable for regular use in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Reischer
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; NIRAS A/S, Sortemosevej 19, 3450 Allerød, Denmark.
| | | | - Klaus Weber
- NIRAS A/S, Sortemosevej 19, 3450 Allerød, Denmark.
| | - Dominique J Tobler
- Nano-Science Center, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Knud Dideriksen
- Geological Survey of Denmark & Greenland (GEUS), Øster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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10
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Asad MA, Khan UT, Krol MM. Subsurface transport of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-stabilized nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI): Numerical and statistical analysis. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2021; 243:103870. [PMID: 34418819 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Subsurface remediation using nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) is a promising in-situ technology that can transform certain groundwater contaminants into non-toxic compounds. However, field scale implementation of nZVI technology has faced major challenges due to poor subsurface mobility, limited longevity and well clogging, all leading to a shorter nZVI travel distance. This distance nZVI travels in the subsurface is an important parameter since it influences the amount of contaminants that can be reached and thereby remediated. There are several factors which may affect nZVI travel distance such as groundwater velocity, injection concentration and rate, lag period (duration when nZVI injection is stopped), solution viscosity, and subsurface heterogeneity. Although various studies have been performed to reveal the effect of different factors on nZVI transport in homogeneous domains, few studies have focused on heterogeneous media, which is more representative of field conditions. In this study, a statistical analysis was performed using a two-dimensional numerical model which simulated carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) stabilized nZVI transport in randomly distributed soil permeability fields of two aquifers to examine the factors that have the greatest impact on nZVI travel distance. Among all possible factors, field scale solution viscosity and injection rate had a statistically significant effect on nZVI travel distance in both the horizontal and vertical directions, as well as, on the attached mass. Additionally, the lag period between injections had a statistically significant effect on the attached mass, but not the travel distance. These results suggest that having a long injection period followed by a short lag phase during field deployment may result in less nZVI attachment. Lastly, aquifer heterogeneity impacted the nZVI spread while the impact of intrinsic groundwater velocity and injection concentration was found not to be statistically significant. Results from this numerical study can aid in field-scale CMC-nZVI injection by identifying key factors for remediation optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Usman T Khan
- Civil Engineering, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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11
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Teng Z, Zhao X, Yuan J, Li M, Li T. Phosphate functionalized iron based nanomaterials coupled with phosphate solubilizing bacteria as an efficient remediation system to enhance lead passivation in soil. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 419:126433. [PMID: 34323720 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation technology has attracted increasing interest due to it efficient, economical and eco-friendly to apply to heavy metal contaminated soil. This study presents a new biological remediation system with phosphate functionalized iron-based nanomaterials and phosphate solubilizing bacterium strain Leclercia adecarboxylata. Different phosphate content functionalized iron-based nanomaterials were prepared, and nZVI@C/P1 (nP: nFe: nC=1:10:200) with high passivation efficiency was selected to combine with PSB for the remediation experiments. The change in lead fraction and microbial community under five conditions (CK, PSB, nZVI@C, nZVI@C/P1, nZVI@C/P1 + PSB) during 10 days incubation were investigate. The results indicated that nZVI@C/P1 + PSB increased the residual fraction of lead by 93.94% compared with the control group. Meanwhile, inoculation of Leclercia adecarboxylata became the dominant microflora in the soil microbial community during the remediation time, improving the utilization rate of phosphate in nZVI@C/P1 and enhancing the passivation efficiency of lead. Experimental findings demonstrated that combining nZVI@C/P1 with PSB could be considered as an efficient strategy for the lead contaminated soil remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zedong Teng
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Junjun Yuan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Min Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Lab for Source Control Technology of Water Pollution, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Tinggang Li
- Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture, Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, Beijing Engineering Research Centre of Process Pollution Control, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Cleaner Production of Rare Earths, Chinese Academy of Science, Ganzhou 321119, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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12
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Li X, Zeng L, Wen N, Deng D. Critical roles of sulfidation solvent in controlling surface properties and the dechlorination reactivity of S-nZVI. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 417:126014. [PMID: 34229377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfidation of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) has been frequently applied to enhance its reactivity, selectivity, and electron utilization efficiency. However, sulfidation of nZVI is generally carried out in aqueous solution, and formation of passivated iron (hydro)oxide species on the surface of S-nZVI due to the reaction between nZVI and water is inevitable. To mitigate this issue, sulfidation of nZVI with hydrogen sulfide dissolved in absolute ethanol was developed. The properties of the resultant S-nZVI, denoted as S-nZVI-H2S-Ethanol, were compared with S-nZVIs prepared through sulfidation of nZVI with aqueous hydrogen sulfide (S-nZVI-H2S-Water) and aqueous sodium sulfide (S-nZVI-Na2S-Water). S-nZVI-H2S-Ethanol shows increased BET specific surface, reduced susceptibility to incidental oxidation, increased reduction potential, decreased electron-transfer resistance, and improved reactivity toward the reduction of trichloroethylene, compared with S-nZVI-Na2S-Water and S-nZVI-H2S-Water. The results highlight the critical roles of sulfidation solvent in controlling the structure, the physicochemical and electrochemical properties, and the dechlorination reactivity of S-nZVI. In addition, these findings offer fundamental mechanistic insights into the sulfidation processes of nZVI by sulfides, suggesting that solvent-iron (hydro)oxide and sulfide-iron (hydro)oxide interactions at the solvent/nZVI interface play key roles in regulating the sulfidation of nZVI and the properties of S-nZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Li
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Lili Zeng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Nihong Wen
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Dayi Deng
- School of Environment, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China.
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13
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Ahn JY, Kim C, Jun SC, Hwang I. Field-scale investigation of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) injection parameters for enhanced delivery of NZVI particles to groundwater. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 202:117402. [PMID: 34273775 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the injection parameters on delivery of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) to contaminated groundwater were investigated. The first two NZVI injections (gravity injection at low flow rates) resulted in NZVI being poorly mobile and gave total cumulative mass recoveries at the monitoring wells of 1.07%-2.43%. NZVI reached some wells (KDMW-3, MW-2, MW-4, and MW-7) earlier than the bromide tracer. The dominant travel directions for NZVI and the bromide tracer were very different. The NZVI transport characteristics suggested that targeted NZVI delivery requires preferential groundwater flow paths and local heterogeneity to be considered. In the gravity injection tests, the maximum NZVI concentrations and cumulative NZVI mass recoveries in the wells decreased markedly as the injected NZVI concentration and dose increased. In the third and fourth tests, in which NZVI was injected under pressure at high flow rates, NZVI was effectively delivered to the wells despite the injected NZVI concentration and dose being high. Relatively high cumulative mass recoveries of 26.0% and 74.5% were found for the third and fourth injections, respectively. Controlling the flow rate (pressure) and NZVI concentration and dose simply and effectively controlled NZVI mobility in the groundwater. The colloidal and electrostatic characteristics of the NZVI particles were monitored and modeled, and the results indicated that NZVI particles without Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek energy barriers were successfully delivered to the target zone and that decreased magnetic attractive forces between NZVI particles caused by iron corrosion probably decreased the degree of NZVI particle aggregation and therefore contributed to NZVI being delivered to the target zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Young Ahn
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolyong Kim
- Institute for Environment and Energy, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Chun Jun
- Geogreen21 Co. Ltd, 55 Digital-ro 33-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul 08376, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Hwang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Garcia AN, Zhang Y, Ghoshal S, He F, O'Carroll DM. Recent Advances in Sulfidated Zerovalent Iron for Contaminant Transformation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:8464-8483. [PMID: 34170112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
2021 marks 10 years since controlled abiotic synthesis of sulfidated nanoscale zerovalent iron (S-nZVI) for use in site remediation and water treatment emerged as an area of active research. It was then expanded to sulfidated microscale ZVI (S-mZVI) and together with S-nZVI, they are collectively referred to as S-(n)ZVI. Heightened interest in S-(n)ZVI stemmed from its significantly higher reactivity to chlorinated solvents and heavy metals. The extremely promising research outcomes during the initial period (2011-2017) led to renewed interest in (n)ZVI-based technologies for water treatment, with an explosion in new research in the last four years (2018-2021) that is building an understanding of the novel and complex role of iron sulfides in enhancing reactivity of (n)ZVI. Numerous studies have focused on exploring different S-(n)ZVI synthesis approaches, and its colloidal, surface, and reactivity (electrochemistry, contaminant selectivity, and corrosion) properties. This review provides a critical overview of the recent milestones in S-(n)ZVI technology development: (i) clear insights into the role of iron sulfides in contaminant transformation and long-term aging, (ii) impact of sulfidation methods and particle characteristics on reactivity, (iii) broader range of treatable contaminants, (iv) synthesis for complete decontamination, (v) ecotoxicity, and (vi) field implementation. In addition, this review discusses major knowledge gaps and future avenues for research opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Nunez Garcia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151 Richmond Rd., London, Ontario N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environment and Resources of Zhejiang Province, School of Engineering, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province China
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering, McGill University, 817 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0C3, Canada
| | - Feng He
- Institute of Environmental Chemistry and Pollution Control College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology 18 Chaowang Rd, Hangzhou, China 310014
| | - Denis M O'Carroll
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Water Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney New South Wales 2052, Australia
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Mondal A, Dubey BK, Arora M, Mumford K. Porous media transport of iron nanoparticles for site remediation application: A review of lab scale column study, transport modelling and field-scale application. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:123443. [PMID: 32798796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Injection of surface modified zero valent iron nanoparticles for in situ remediation of soil, contaminated with an array of pollutants has attracted great attention due to the high reactivity of zero valent iron towards a broad range of contaminants, its cost effectiveness, minimal physical disruption and low toxicity. The effectiveness of this technology relies on the stability and mobility of injected iron nanoparticles. Hence the development of a modelling tool capable of predicting nZVI transport is indispensable. This review provides state of the art knowledge on the mobility of iron nanoparticles in porous media, mechanisms involved in subsurface retention of nZVI based on continuum models and field scale application. Special attention is given to the identification of the influential parameters controlling the transport potential of iron nanoparticles and the available numerical models for the simulation of laboratory scale transport data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhisek Mondal
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Brajesh Kumar Dubey
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Meenakshi Arora
- Department of Infrastructure Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kathryn Mumford
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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Abstract
This study aimed to assess and compare the quality of groundwater in the city of Al-Marj in Libya with the international standard guidelines for drinking water recommended by the World Health Organisation. An evaluation of the groundwater wells in the study area was conducted. Standard techniques, such as Minitab (v. 16) and ArcGIS (v.10.2), were used for the analytics of the physicochemical and biological parameters of the groundwater samples. An assessment of the calculation of groundwater quality was conducted on the basis of temperature, pH, turbidity, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, chloride, sulphate, bicarbonate, total hardness, calcium, potassium, magnesium, ammonia, ammoniacal nitrogen, nitrate, sodium, copper, iron, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids, Escherichia coli and total coliform bacteria. Results indicated that most groundwater wells in the study area display a higher concentration of several parameters compared with the permissible limits of drinking water; thus, the water in these wells is chemically and biologically unsafe for drinking purposes. On the basis of the above results, routine water quality monitoring should be performed and additional water filtration plants should be installed by the local government to obtain safe drinking water.
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Latif A, Sheng D, Sun K, Si Y, Azeem M, Abbas A, Bilal M. Remediation of heavy metals polluted environment using Fe-based nanoparticles: Mechanisms, influencing factors, and environmental implications. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 264:114728. [PMID: 32408081 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution by heavy metals (HMs) has raised considerable attention due to their toxic impacts on plants, animals and human beings. Thus, the environmental cleanup of these toxic (HMs) is extremely urgent both from the environmental and biological point of view. To remediate HMs-polluted environment, several nanoparticles (NPs) such as metals and its oxides, carbon materials, zeolites, and bimetallic NPs have been documented. Among these, Fe-based NPs have emerged as an effective choice for remediating environmental contamination, due to infinite size, high reactivity, and adsorption properties. This review summarizes the utilization of various Fe-based NPs such as nano zero-valent iron (NZVI), modified-NZVI, supported-NZVI, doped-NZVI, and Fe oxides and hydroxides in remediating the HMs-polluted environment. It presents a comprehensive elaboration on the possible reaction mechanisms between the Fe-based NPs and heavy metals, including adsorption, oxidation/reduction, and precipitation. Subsequently, the environmental factors (e.g., pH, organic matter, and redox) affecting the reactivity of the Fe-based NPs with heavy metals are also highlighted in the current study. Research shows that Fe-based NPs can be toxic to living organisms. In this context, this review points out the environmental hazards associated with the application of Fe-based NPs and proposes future recommendations for the utilization of these NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Latif
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China; Department of Agriculture, Soil and Water, Testing Laboratory for Research, DG Khan, Pakistan
| | - Di Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Youbin Si
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei, 230036, Anhui, China.
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Aown Abbas
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Department of Agriculture, Soil and Water, Testing Laboratory for Research, DG Khan, Pakistan
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Galdames A, Ruiz-Rubio L, Orueta M, Sánchez-Arzalluz M, Vilas-Vilela JL. Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles for Soil and Groundwater Remediation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17165817. [PMID: 32796749 PMCID: PMC7460444 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Zero-valent iron has been reported as a successful remediation agent for environmental issues, being extensively used in soil and groundwater remediation. The use of zero-valent nanoparticles have been arisen as a highly effective method due to the high specific surface area of zero-valent nanoparticles. Then, the development of nanosized materials in general, and the improvement of the properties of the nano-iron in particular, has facilitated their application in remediation technologies. As the result, highly efficient and versatile nanomaterials have been obtained. Among the possible nanoparticle systems, the reactivity and availability of zero-valent iron nanoparticles (NZVI) have achieved very interesting and promising results make them particularly attractive for the remediation of subsurface contaminants. In fact, a large number of laboratory and pilot studies have reported the high effectiveness of these NZVI-based technologies for the remediation of groundwater and contaminated soils. Although the results are often based on a limited contaminant target, there is a large gap between the amount of contaminants tested with NZVI at the laboratory level and those remediated at the pilot and field level. In this review, the main zero-valent iron nanoparticles and their remediation capacity are summarized, in addition to the pilot and land scale studies reported until date for each kind of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alazne Galdames
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LQM), Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.V.-V.)
| | - Leire Ruiz-Rubio
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LQM), Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-94-6017-972
| | - Maider Orueta
- Iragaz Watin S.A., 20720 Azkoitia, Spain; (M.O.); (M.S.-A.)
| | | | - José Luis Vilas-Vilela
- Macromolecular Chemistry Group (LQM), Physical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain; (A.G.); (J.L.V.-V.)
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940 Leioa, Spain
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Czinnerová M, Vološčuková O, Marková K, Ševců A, Černík M, Nosek J. Combining nanoscale zero-valent iron with electrokinetic treatment for remediation of chlorinated ethenes and promoting biodegradation: A long-term field study. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 175:115692. [PMID: 32199189 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) is recognized as a powerful tool for the remediation of groundwater contaminated by chlorinated ethenes (CEs). This long-term field study explored nZVI-driven degradation of CEs supported by electrokinetic (EK) treatment, which positively affects nZVI longevity and migration, and its impact on indigenous bacteria. In particular, the impact of combined nZVI-EK treatment on organohalide-respiring bacteria, ethenotrophs and methanotrophs (all capable of CE degradation) was assessed using molecular genetic markers detecting Dehalococcoides spp., Desulfitobacterium spp., the reductive dehalogenase genes vcrA and bvcA and ethenotroph and methanotroph functional genes. The remediation treatment resulted in a rapid decrease of the major pollutant cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE) by 75% in the affected area, followed by an increase in CE degradation products methane, ethane and ethene. The newly established geochemical conditions in the treated aquifer not only promoted growth of organohalide-respiring bacteria but also allowed for the concurrent presence of vinyl chloride- and cDCE-oxidizing methanotrophs and (especially) ethenotrophs, which proliferated preferentially in the vicinity of an anode where low levels of oxygen were produced. The nZVI treatment resulted in a temporary negative impact on indigenous bacteria in the application well close to the cathode; but even there, the microbiome was restored within 15 days. The nZVI-EK treatment proved highly effective in reducing CE contamination and creating a suitable environment for subsequent biodegradation by changing groundwater conditions, promoting transport of nutrients and improving CE availability to soil and groundwater bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Czinnerová
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic; Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřejka Vološčuková
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Marková
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Ševců
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Nosek
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Bendlova 7, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic.
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Pasinszki T, Krebsz M. Synthesis and Application of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles in Water Treatment, Environmental Remediation, Catalysis, and Their Biological Effects. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E917. [PMID: 32397461 PMCID: PMC7279245 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Present and past anthropogenic pollution of the hydrosphere and lithosphere is a growing concern around the world for sustainable development and human health. Current industrial activity, abandoned contaminated plants and mining sites, and even everyday life is a pollution source for our environment. There is therefore a crucial need to clean industrial and municipal effluents and remediate contaminated soil and groundwater. Nanosized zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an emerging material in these fields due to its high reactivity and expected low impact on the environment due to iron's high abundance in the earth crust. Currently, there is an intensive research to test the effectiveness of nZVI in contaminant removal processes from water and soil and to modify properties of this material in order to fulfill specific application requirements. The number of laboratory tests, field applications, and investigations for the environmental impact are strongly increasing. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge about the catalytic activity, reactivity and efficiency of nZVI in removing toxic organic and inorganic materials from water, wastewater, and soil and groundwater, as well as its toxic effect for microorganisms and plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Pasinszki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pure Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Fiji National University, Suva P.O. Box 7222, Fiji;
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21
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Nunez Garcia A, Boparai HK, de Boer CV, Chowdhury AIA, Kocur CMD, Austrins LM, Herrera J, O'Carroll DM. Fate and transport of sulfidated nano zerovalent iron (S-nZVI): A field study. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115319. [PMID: 31790885 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Treatment of nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) with lower valent forms of sulfur compounds (sulfidation) has the potential to increase the selectivity and reactivity of nZVI with target contaminants and to decrease inter-particle aggregation for improving its mobility. These developments help in addressing some of the long-standing challenges associated with nZVI-based remediation treatments and are of great interest for in situ applications. Herein we report results from a field-scale project conducted at a contaminated site. Sulfidated nZVI (S-nZVI) was prepared on site by first synthesizing carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) stabilized nZVI with sodium borohydride as a reductant and then sulfidating the nZVI suspension by adding sodium dithionite. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) of CMC-S-nZVI, from synthesis barrels, confirms the presence of both discrete spherical nZVI-like particles (∼90 nm) as well as larger irregular structures (∼500 nm) comprising of iron sulfides. This CMC-S-nZVI suspension was gravity fed into a sandy material and monitored through multiple multi-level monitoring wells. Samples collected from upstream and downstream wells suggest very good radial and vertical iron distribution. TEM-EDS analysis from the recovered well samples also indicates the presence of both nZVI-like particles as well as the larger flake-like structures, similar to those found in the injected CMC-S-nZVI suspension. This study shows that S-nZVI stabilized with CMC can be safely synthesized on site and is highly mobile and stable in the subsurface, demonstrating for the first time the field applicability of S-nZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Nunez Garcia
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151, Richmond Rd., London, Ontario, N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Hardiljeet K Boparai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151, Richmond Rd., London, Ontario, N6A 5B8, Canada; Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Cjestmir V de Boer
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151, Richmond Rd., London, Ontario, N6A 5B8, Canada; Netherlands Organization for Applied Research, TNO, Princetonlaan 6, 3584, CB, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ahmed I A Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151, Richmond Rd., London, Ontario, N6A 5B8, Canada; Institute of Water and Flood Management, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Chris M D Kocur
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151, Richmond Rd., London, Ontario, N6A 5B8, Canada; OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, United States
| | | | - Jose Herrera
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, 1151, Richmond Rd., London, Ontario, N6A 5B8, Canada
| | - Denis M O'Carroll
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, 1151, Richmond Rd., London, Ontario, N6A 5B8, Canada; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Connected Water Initiative, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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Yang CH, Kung TA, Chen PJ. Differential alteration in reproductive toxicity of medaka fish on exposure to nanoscale zerovalent iron and its oxidation products. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 252:1920-1932. [PMID: 31227347 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.05.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) is a redox-active nanomaterial commonly used in remediation of soil and groundwater pollution and wastewater treatment processes. A large quantity of nZVI (e.g., >100 mg/L) accidentally released from in situ sites to nearby oxygenized aquifers could be rapidly oxidized to iron oxides (e.g., Fe3O4 or Fe2O3) and ions (e.g., Fe2+), for acute hypoxia effects to aquatic life. However, we do not know the ecotoxicological fate of nZVI and its oxidation products at lower, environmentally concentrations in surface water receiving waterborne transportation or effluent discharge in terms of exposure to aquatic vertebrate species. This study assessed the causal effect on reproductive toxicity in medaka adults (Oryzias latipes) of carboxymethyl cellulose-stabilized nZVI (CMC-nZVI), Fe2+ and iron oxide nanoparticles (nFe3O4) with 21-day aqueous exposure at 5 and 20 mg/L (Fe-equivalent). Such concentrations did not significantly change the dissolved oxygen, oxidation-reduction potential or pH values in the 3 iron solutions during the fish exposure period. Neither CMC-nZVI nor Fe2+ treated adults showed altered daily egg production (fecundity) and oxidative stress responses in observed tissues, as compared to controls. However, the fecundity in nFe3O4 (20 mg/L)-treated pairs was significantly decreased, with increased incidence of abnormal immature oocytes in the ovary. As well, nFe3O4 treatment suppressed activities of the antioxidants superoxide dismutase and expression of glutathione peroxidase (gpx) in the brain and ovary. Although nFe3O4 or Fe2+ treatments inhibited mRNA expression of hepatic estrogen receptor (er-α) in females, plasma levels of sex hormones and (Na, K)-ATPase activity in gills of treated fish did not differ from controls for both sexes. Hence, oxidation products (e.g., nFe3O4) from nZVI at lower milligram-per-liter levels may be potent in inducing nanoparticle-specific reproductive toxicity in medaka fish by inducing oxidative stress in female gonads. MAIN FINDING: nZVI oxidation product nFe3O4 at lower mg/L induces nanoparticle-specific reproductive toxicity in medaka fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Hsin Yang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Te-An Kung
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Jen Chen
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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Yang X, Zhang C, Liu F, Tang J, Huang F, Zhang L. Diversity in the species and fate of chlorine during TCE reduction by two nZVI with non-identical anaerobic corrosion mechanism. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 230:230-238. [PMID: 31103869 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
There have been many studies on TCE degradation by synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVIB) and commercial nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVIH), but the effect of anaerobic corrosion on the dechlorination pathways and speciation distribution of chlorine is still unclear. Compared with nZVIH, nZVIB has a faster degradation rate of TCE and formation rate of Cl-(aq) (kSA, TCE = 3.67 ± 0.85 × 10-4 & 2.17 ± 0.13 × 10-4 L·h-1·m-2 and kobs, Cl- = 0.344 ± 0.027 & 0.166 ± 0.010 μM·h-1 for nZVIB & nZVIH, respectively). Based on the characterization of XRD, XPS and TEM during the anaerobic corrosion, the corrosion of nZVIB was dramatic under the dissolution-reprecipitation mechanism; but that of nZVIH was moderate and inward by maintaining the core-shell structure and shaping slightly rough and lumpy surface. Due to the different corrosion products (FeOOH for nZVIB and Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3 for nZVIH) and the catalysis of boron on the nZVIB surface, the preferential dechlorination pathway of TCE was not identical by hydrogenolysis (nZVIB) vs. reductive β-elimination (nZVIH). Meanwhile, the dechlorination pathway of nZVIH was similar to that of ZVI and the reductive pathway to acetylene bypassed the formation of more toxic VC. This study shows that the high reactivity of nZVIB results in rapid corrosion with the side effect of enhanced adsorption of VC while nZVIH has a stable core-shell structure and less sorbed chlorine, which provides a new sight to access the ecological risk of nZVI due to the overlooked effect of non-identical corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmin Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Chong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Fei Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China.
| | - Jie Tang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Fuyang Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, 100083, PR China
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Zhou GN, He CS, Wang YX, He PP, Liu J, Mu Y, Zhang LS. Aerobic removal of iodinated contrast medium by nano-sized zero-valent iron: A combination of oxidation and reduction. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 373:417-424. [PMID: 30939424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.03.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The removal performance and mechanisms of diatrizoate (DTA), a typical iodinated contrast medium, from water by nano-sized zero-valent iron (nZVI) under aerobic conditions were investigated in this study. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and transformation products were detected with electron spin resonance and liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of several operational parameters on DTA removal were illustrated. The results showed that nZVI had a much higher DTA removal ability compared to microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI) in the presence of oxygen. Moreover, the detection of ROS and I- as well as the analysis of intermediate products suggested a combination of oxidation and reduction pathways for DTA removal by nZVI under aerobic conditions. Additionally, a high dosage of nZVI and acidic conditions led to the enhancement of DTA removal, while nZVI aging, as well as chloride and nitrate ions in the solution, had negative effects on the degradation of DTA by nZVI in the presence of oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guan-Nan Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Chuan-Shu He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Pan-Pan He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Mu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
| | - Li-Shan Zhang
- College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China.
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Ye J, Chen X, Chen C, Bate B. Emerging sustainable technologies for remediation of soils and groundwater in a municipal solid waste landfill site -- A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 227:681-702. [PMID: 31022669 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Remediation of soils and groundwater in a municipal solid wastes (MSW) landfill site emerges as a global challenge to the living environment on earth with significant market potential. Unlike contaminants in an industry or agricultural site, contaminants from MSW landfills are diverse, primarily consisting of chemical oxygen demand (COD), inorganic matter (ammonia-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen, total phosphorus) and heavy metals. This renders new challenges to remediation contaminants of different characters altogether. A status quo of existing technologies, including permeable reactive barriers, electrokinetic remediation, microbial remediation, and injection of either solubilizing agents or micro or nanobubbles were thoroughly reviewed, with an emphasis on removal efficiency based on existing projects at lab, pilot or field scales. A design chart tailored for the remediation of a landfill contaminated site was developed, verified by a few case studies, which supplement the chart. Future trends of technical innovation (such as multi-layer permeable reactive barriers (PRBs)) and challenges (such as flow pattern) were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianshe Ye
- Graduate Research Assistant, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Graduate Research Assistant, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Graduate Research Assistant, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, MOE Key Laboratory of Soft Soils and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Bate Bate
- Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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26
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Li C, Lu Q, Zhan C, Tariq M, Huang K, Liu F, Zhu F, Liu G, Cui C, Lin K. Efficient novel amphiphilic double shells layer coupled with nanoscale zero-valent composite for the degradation of trichloroethylene. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 659:821-827. [PMID: 31096412 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An efficient novel amphiphilic material composed of core-double shells nanocomposite (CDSN) with nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) as the core and PS100-b-PAA16 as inner shell and chitosan as outmost shell has been synthesized successfully. Its application to remove the trichloroethylene (TCE) in stimulated TCE solution with 7.3 ± 0.3 mg/L dissolved oxygen was investigated. The results showed that CDSN after exposure to air for a month could still remove 92.6% of TCE as compared to 61.5% removal rate of NZVI in 360 min (the gram ratio of material: TCE equals to 10:1), exhibiting the great oxidation resistance performance. Specifically, dynamic research of the total removal divided into adsorption by shell layer and degradation by reducibility of NZVI at a predetermined interval was engaged to understand the complete mass transfer process of TCE. The results revealed that CDSN adsorbed 1.5 to 2 folds time TCE as compared to NZVI in the same initial pH = 8.5 aqueous solution. Importantly, CDSN could sustain fixed reactivity to remove about 94.8% of TCE from the start to end. NZVI exhibited greater removal capacity in first 180 min, but later it lost the reducibility and finial removal rate was 89%. The selective adsorption to protonated CDSN was strengthened to increase the removal of TCE at pH 3.5 while NZVI had a worse removal in pH 3.5 performance than pH 8.5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Cong Zhan
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Muhammad Tariq
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fuwen Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Fei Zhu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Guanhong Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Changzheng Cui
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kuangfei Lin
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control on Chemical Process, School of Resource and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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Rodrigues R, Betelu S, Colombano S, Masselot G, Tzedakis T, Ignatiadis I. Elucidating the dechlorination mechanism of hexachloroethane by Pd-doped zerovalent iron microparticles in dissolved lactic acid polymers using chromatography and indirect monitoring of iron corrosion. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7177-7194. [PMID: 30652270 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04128-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The degradation mechanism of the pollutant hexachloroethane (HCA) by a suspension of Pd-doped zerovalent iron microparticles (Pd-mZVI) in dissolved lactic acid polymers and oligomers (referred to as PLA) was investigated using gas chromatography and the indirect monitoring of iron corrosion by continuous measurements of pH, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and conductivity. The first experiments took place in the absence of HCA, to understand the evolution of the Pd-mZVI/PLA/H2O system. This showed that the evolution of pH, ORP, and conductivity is related to changes in solution chemistry due to iron corrosion and that the system is initially cathodically controlled by H+ mass transport to Pd surfaces because of the presence of an extensive PLA layer. We then investigated the effects of Pd-mZVI particles, temperature, initial HCA concentration, and PLA content on the Pd-mZVI/PLA/HCA/H2O system, to obtain a better understanding of the degradation mechanism. In all cases, HCA dechlorination first requires the production of atomic hydrogen H*-involving the accumulation of tetrachloroethylene (PCE) as an intermediate-before its subsequent reduction to non-chlorinated C2 and C4 compounds. The ratio between Pd-mZVI dosage, initial HCA concentration, and PLA content affects the rate of H* generation as well as the rate-determining step of the process. A pseudo-first-order equation can be applied when Pd-mZVI dosage is much higher than the theoretical stoichiometry (600 mg for [HCA]0 = 5-20 mg L-1). Our results indicate that the HCA degradation mechanism includes mass transfer, sorption, surface reaction with H*, and desorption of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Rodrigues
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), 3 avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060, Orléans Cedex 2, France.
- ADEME (French Environment and Energy Management Agency), 20 avenue du Grésillé, 49000, Angers Cedex 1, France.
- LGC (Chemical Engineering Laboratory), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
- Iris Instruments, 1 Avenue Buffon, 45100, Orléans, France.
| | - Stéphanie Betelu
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), 3 avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Stéfan Colombano
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), 3 avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060, Orléans Cedex 2, France
| | - Guillaume Masselot
- ADEME (French Environment and Energy Management Agency), 20 avenue du Grésillé, 49000, Angers Cedex 1, France
| | - Theodore Tzedakis
- LGC (Chemical Engineering Laboratory), 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Ioannis Ignatiadis
- BRGM (French Geological Survey), 3 avenue Claude Guillemin, 45060, Orléans Cedex 2, France
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Ma X, He D, Jones AM, Waite TD, An T. Ligand-mediated contaminant degradation by bare and carboxymethyl cellulose-coated bimetallic palladium-zero valent iron nanoparticles in high salinity environments. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 77:303-311. [PMID: 30573094 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) for the degradation of contaminants has been extensively investigated, however, few studies have focused on degradation in high salinity environments. In this study, the ability of bare and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)-coated bimetallic Pd-nZVI particles to degrade 33'44'-tetrachlorobiphenyl in high saline water (SW) is examined with particular attention given to the effects of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the rate of degradation. EDTA enhances the reactivity of Pd-nZVI in SW, with evidence provided to link this to the removal of the passivating layer. Additionally, a conceptual model is proposed which provides a quantitative description of the removal of these iron oxide layers in the presence of EDTA. An optimum EDTA to bare Pd-nZVI molar ratio of 0.1 exists, with insufficient EDTA unable to remove the passivating layer whilst excess EDTA results in Fe loss and enhanced agglomeration due to magnetic attraction of the bare Fe(0) particles. In contrast, CMC-coating of Pd-nZVI assemblages actually impedes degradation, despite the coated particles displaying a smaller average size compared to uncoated particles, with even the presence of EDTA in this case not significantly improving degradation. The reduced reactivity in the presence of CMC is primarily attributed to the effect of CMC on the association of Pd with nZVI particles. In particular, the presence of CMC reduced the total amount of Pd incorporated with the stabilized particles compared to the non-stabilized particles. Additionally, the presence of CMC results in less Pd present in its reactive zero-valent oxidation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Ma
- Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Di He
- Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Adele M Jones
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - T David Waite
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Taicheng An
- Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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29
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Li Q, Prigiobbe V. Modeling Nanoparticle Transport in Porous Media in the Presence of a Foam. Transp Porous Media 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11242-019-01235-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Ultrasound assisted synthesis of guar gum-zero valent iron nanocomposites as a novel catalyst for the treatment of pollutants. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 199:41-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Soares A, Ramos S, Albergaria T, Delerue-Matos C. Green zero valent iron nanoparticles dispersion through a sandy column using different injection sequences. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 637-638:935-942. [PMID: 29763875 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of soils is a global environmental problem that urges an increased effort to recover polluted sites. In Europe, there are an estimated 20,000 polluted sites that need to be remediated and around 350,000 sites that are classified as potentially contaminated by the European Environment Agency (EEA). Remediation is a part of the solution to this problem, requiring the most innovative and sustainable technologies. In this context, the use of zero valent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) is a promising, low cost and efficient technology for the remediation of soil and groundwater contaminated with a wide range of organic and inorganic pollutants. Among the nZVIs, the ones produced using Green synthesis methods (green nZVIs (gnZVI)) using natural extracts, such as green tea, are increasingly considered an alternative technology for the future. However, there are issues related to the application of gnZVI in soil that are still not fully understood, requiring further research, among these is the study of their transport in soils. Therefore, this work aims to study the transport of gnZVIs in sandy soils under diverse conditions such as soil particle size, soil saturation level and injection sequence. Several experiments were performed in an acrylic column with two sandy soils with different particle sizes (between 0.5 and 1.0 mm and higher than 1.0 mm), using two distinct water saturation conditions (saturated and dry) and four injection sequences. After these tests the distribution of the gnZVI along the soil column was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. This work allowed concluding that the injection sequence might be one of the most important factors influencing the rate of nZVI dispersion through a sandy column. According to the results it was possible to propose, for distinct types of contamination (deep, superficial, hot spot or dispersed), the most appropriate injection sequence.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Soares
- Requimte, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Ramos
- ISEP, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto - Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal; CEAUL, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tomás Albergaria
- Requimte, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- Requimte, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Rua António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Lu H, Wen C, Gao S, Dong Y, Zhang M, Li B, Hu W, Dong J. Incorporation of nanoscale zero-valent iron particles in monodisperse mesoporous silica nanospheres: Characterization, reactivity, transport in porous media. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dong J, Dong Y, Wen C, Gao S, Ren L, Bao Q. A 2D tank test on remediation of nitrobenzene-contaminated aquifer using in-situ reactive zone with emulsified nanoscale zero-valent iron. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 206:766-776. [PMID: 29793069 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrobenzene (NB) is one of the most challenging pollutants for groundwater remediation due to its great harm and recalcitrance. Emulsified nanoscale zero-valent iron (EZVI) is considered as a promising agent for in-situ remediation of contaminated groundwater for its high reactivity, good durability and low cost. In this paper, 2D tank experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of enhanced remediation of NB-contaminated groundwater with EZVI. 9 L of EZVI solution was injected into aquifer to establish in-situ reactive zone (IRZ) before 40 d of NB contamination. Results indicate that injection of EZVI leads to 90% reduction of total NB, which is mainly converted to aniline (AN). NB concentration decreases along the flow path in the tank. Fe2+ is generated from Fe0 oxidation. Significant acetate and bicarbonate are released due to emulsified oil decomposition during the whole operation time. Groundwater pH maintains in neutral value (6.6-8.2) owing to the balance between organic acids and OH- released after iron oxidation. Drastic decrease of ORP and DO indicates the transformation from oxidizing to reducing condition, leading to the reduction of oxidative species (e.g. sulfate, nitrate) in subsurface. Calculation of reducing equivalents suggests that microbial breakdown of emulsified oil provides more electrons than Fe0 oxidation does to the system. Both biotic and abiotic processes are involved in the enhanced degradation of NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Chunyu Wen
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Song Gao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Liming Ren
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qiburi Bao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Guerra FD, Attia MF, Whitehead DC, Alexis F. Nanotechnology for Environmental Remediation: Materials and Applications. Molecules 2018; 23:E1760. [PMID: 30021974 PMCID: PMC6100491 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental remediation relies mainly on using various technologies (e.g., adsorption, absorption, chemical reactions, photocatalysis, and filtration) for the removal of contaminants from different environmental media (e.g., soil, water, and air). The enhanced properties and effectiveness of nanotechnology-based materials makes them particularly suitable for such processes given that they have a high surface area-to-volume ratio, which often results in higher reactivity. This review provides an overview of three main categories of nanomaterials (inorganic, carbon-based, and polymeric-based materials) used for environmental remediation. The use of these nanomaterials for the remediation of different environmental contaminants-such as heavy metals, dyes, chlorinated organic compounds, organophosphorus compounds, volatile organic compounds, and halogenated herbicides-is reviewed. Various recent examples are extensively highlighted focusing on the materials and their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda D Guerra
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Mohamed F Attia
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 467 Hunter Laboratories, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Daniel C Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, 467 Hunter Laboratories, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Frank Alexis
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, 301 Rhodes Research Center, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
- School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Ibarra EC 100150, Ecuador.
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Zhang Y, Zhi Y, Liu J, Ghoshal S. Sorption of Perfluoroalkyl Acids to Fresh and Aged Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Particles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:6300-6308. [PMID: 29706067 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b00487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The sorption of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs), particularly perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), to freshly synthesized nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) and aged (oxidized) and sulfidated nZVI, was investigated under anaerobic conditions. The sorption of PFAAs to nZVI was 2-4 orders of magnitude higher than what has been reported for sediments, soils, and iron oxides. The hydrophobicity of the perfluorocarbon chain dominated the sorption, although FTIR spectra indicated specific interactions between sulfonate and carboxylate head groups and nZVI. The contributions from electrostatic interactions depended on the surface charge and pH. Humic acids influenced sorption only at concentrations above 50 mg/L. nZVI aged in deoxygenated water up to 95 days showed similar sorption isotherms for PFOS to fresh nZVI, because Fe(OH)2 was the predominant phase on the nZVI surface independent of aging time. Sulfidation of nZVI reduced sorption of PFOS by 1 log unit owing to the FeS deposited, but the sorption affinity was restored after aging because of formation of Fe(OH)2. Oxidation of nZVI by water and dissolved oxygen also resulted in similar sorption of PFOS as fresh nZVI at environmentally relevant concentrations. The results suggest that injection of nZVI could reduce PFAA concentrations in groundwater despite changes to its surface chemistry with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C3 , Canada
| | - Yue Zhi
- Department of Civil Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C3 , Canada
| | - Jinxia Liu
- Department of Civil Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C3 , Canada
| | - Subhasis Ghoshal
- Department of Civil Engineering , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3A 0C3 , Canada
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Dai C, Zhou Y, Peng H, Huang S, Qin P, Zhang J, Yang Y, Luo L, Zhang X. Current progress in remediation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds: A review. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.12.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Tian H, Liang Y, Zhu T, Zeng X, Sun Y. Surfactant-enhanced PEG-4000-NZVI for remediating trichloroethylene-contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 195:585-593. [PMID: 29287269 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study a NZVI was prepared by the liquid phase reduction method. The modified NZVI obtained was characterized by BET, TEM and XRD. The results showed that the iron in the PEG-4000 modified material is mainly zero-valent iron with a stable crystal structure. It has a uniform particle size, ranging from 20 to 80 nm, and a larger specific surface area than CTAB modified NZVI, SDS modified NZVI and commercial zero-valent iron. The two surfactants CTAB and SDS are also selected as solubilizers, the results showed that the two selected surfactants obviously solubilize trichloroethylene in soil. Compared with commercial zero-valent iron, PEG-4000 modified NZVI is better removed trichloroethylene from soil; Also, the optimal operational parameters were obtained. When the experimental conditions were: PEG-4000 modified NZVI dosage 1.0 g/L, CTAB/SDS concentration equal to the CMC, SDS concentration was 2.0 × CMC, CTAB was concentration 1.0 × CMC and the vibration speed 150 r/min, the removal efficiency of trichloroethylene in a soil-water system reached 100% after 4 h. Both NZVI combined with CTAB and NZVI combined with SDS followed fitted first order reaction kinetics during the removal of trichloroethylene and their reaction rate constant k was 0.6869 mg/(L·h) and 0.5659 mg/(L·h), respectively. According to the chloride ion detection test, the trichloroethylene degradation is mainly due to reductive dechlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China.
| | - Ying Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China.
| | - Tianle Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaolan Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China.
| | - Yifei Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, 37 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, China.
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Babakhani P, Fagerlund F, Shamsai A, Lowry GV, Phenrat T. Modified MODFLOW-based model for simulating the agglomeration and transport of polymer-modified Fe 0 nanoparticles in saturated porous media. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:7180-7199. [PMID: 26300356 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-5193-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The solute transport model MODFLOW has become a standard tool in risk assessment and remediation design. However, particle transport models that take into account both particle agglomeration and deposition phenomena are far less developed. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the feasibility of adapting the standard code MODFLOW/MT3D to simulate the agglomeration and transport of three different types of polymer-modified nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) in one-dimensional (1-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) saturated porous media. A first-order decay of the particle population was used to account for the agglomeration of particles. An iterative technique was used to optimize the model parameters. The model provided good matches to 1-D NZVI-breakthrough data sets, with R 2 values ranging from 0.96 to 0.99, and mass recovery differences between the experimental results and simulations ranged from 0.1 to 1.8 %. Similarly, simulations of NZVI transport in the heterogeneous 2-D model demonstrated that the model can be applied to more complicated heterogeneous domains. However, the fits were less good, with the R 2 values in the 2-D modeling cases ranging from 0.75 to 0.95, while the mass recovery differences ranged from 0.7 to 6.5 %. Nevertheless, the predicted NZVI concentration contours during transport were in good agreement with the 2-D experimental observations. The model provides insights into NZVI transport in porous media by mathematically decoupling agglomeration, attachment, and detachment, and it illustrates the importance of each phenomenon in various situations. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Babakhani
- Department of Hydrology Engineering, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fritjof Fagerlund
- Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden
- Center for Experimental Study of Subsurface Environmental Processes, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA
| | - Abolfazl Shamsai
- Department of Hydrology Engineering, Tehran Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Civil Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gregory V Lowry
- Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT) and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213-3890, USA
| | - Tanapon Phenrat
- Research Unit for Integrated Natural Resources Remediation and Reclamation (IN3R), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
- Center of Excellence for Sustainability of Health, Environment and Industry (SHE&I), Faculty of Engineering, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, 65000, Thailand.
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Stevenson LM, Adeleye AS, Su Y, Zhang Y, Keller AA, Nisbet RM. Remediation of Cadmium Toxicity by Sulfidized Nano-Iron: The Importance of Organic Material. ACS NANO 2017; 11:10558-10567. [PMID: 28985677 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b05970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanozerovalent iron (nZVI) is widely used for its ability to remove or degrade environmental contaminants. However, the effect of nZVI-pollutant complexes on organisms has not been tested. We demonstrate the ability of a sulfidized derivative of nZVI (FeSSi) to sorb cadmium (Cd) from aqueous media and alleviate Cd toxicity to a freshwater alga for 32 days. FeSSi particles removed over 80% of the aqueous Cd in the first hour and nearly the same concentration of free Cd remained unbound at the end of the experiment. We found that FeSSi particles with Cd sorbed onto them are an order of magnitude more toxic than FeSSi alone. Further, algal-produced organic material facilitates safer remediation of Cd by FeSSi by decreasing the toxicity of FeSSi itself. We developed a dynamic model to predict the maximum Cd concentration FeSSi can remediate without replacing Cd toxicity with its own. FeSSi can remediate four times as much Cd to phytoplankton populations when organic material is present compared to the absence of organic material. We demonstrate the effectiveness of FeSSi as an environmental remediator and the strength of our quantitative model of the mitigation of nanoparticle toxicity by algal-produced organic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Stevenson
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9610, United States
| | - Adeyemi S Adeleye
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9610, United States
| | - Yiming Su
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9610, United States
| | - Yalei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Tongji University , Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Arturo A Keller
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9610, United States
| | - Roger M Nisbet
- University of California Center for Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology, University of California Santa Barbara , Santa Barbara, California 93106-9610, United States
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40
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Lima AT, Hofmann A, Reynolds D, Ptacek CJ, Van Cappellen P, Ottosen LM, Pamukcu S, Alshawabekh A, O'Carroll DM, Riis C, Cox E, Gent DB, Landis R, Wang J, Chowdhury AIA, Secord EL, Sanchez-Hachair A. Environmental Electrokinetics for a sustainable subsurface. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 181:122-133. [PMID: 28433930 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.03.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil and groundwater are key components in the sustainable management of the subsurface environment. Source contamination is one of its main threats and is commonly addressed using established remediation techniques such as in-situ chemical oxidation (ISCO), in-situ chemical reduction (ISCR; most notably using zero-valent iron [ZVI]), enhanced in-situ bioremediation (EISB), phytoremediation, soil-washing, pump-and-treat, soil vapour extraction (SVE), thermal treatment, and excavation and disposal. Decades of field applications have shown that these techniques can successfully treat or control contaminants in higher permeability subsurface materials such as sands, but achieve only limited success at sites where low permeability soils, such as silts and clays, prevail. Electrokinetics (EK), a soil remediation technique mostly recognized in in-situ treatment of low permeability soils, has, for the last decade, been combined with more conventional techniques and can significantly enhance the performance of several of these remediation technologies, including ISCO, ISCR, EISB and phytoremediation. Herein, we discuss the use of emerging EK techniques in tandem with conventional remediation techniques, to achieve improved remediation performance. Furthermore, we highlight new EK applications that may come to play a role in the sustainable treatment of the contaminated subsurface.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Lima
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada; Department of Environmental Engineering, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brazil.
| | - A Hofmann
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - D Reynolds
- Geosyntec Consultants, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - C J Ptacek
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - P Van Cappellen
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - L M Ottosen
- Department of Civil Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - S Pamukcu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - A Alshawabekh
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - D M O'Carroll
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Connected Water Initiative, University of New South Wales, Manly Vale, NSW, 2093, Australia
| | - C Riis
- NIRAS, Sortemosevej 19, 3450 Alleroed, Denmark
| | - E Cox
- Geosyntec Consultants, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - D B Gent
- Environmental Laboratory, USACE Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, USA
| | - R Landis
- RichLand Consulting, LLC, Wilmington, DE, USA
| | - J Wang
- Geosyntec Consultants, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - A I A Chowdhury
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - E L Secord
- Ecohydrology Research Group, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences and Water Institute, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - A Sanchez-Hachair
- University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d'Océanologie et de Géosciences, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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Babakhani P, Bridge J, Doong RA, Phenrat T. Continuum-based models and concepts for the transport of nanoparticles in saturated porous media: A state-of-the-science review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2017. [PMID: 28641812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Environmental applications of nanoparticles (NP) increasingly result in widespread NP distribution within porous media where they are subject to various concurrent transport mechanisms including irreversible deposition, attachment/detachment (equilibrium or kinetic), agglomeration, physical straining, site-blocking, ripening, and size exclusion. Fundamental research in NP transport is typically conducted at small scale, and theoretical mechanistic modeling of particle transport in porous media faces challenges when considering the simultaneous effects of transport mechanisms. Continuum modeling approaches, in contrast, are scalable across various scales ranging from column experiments to aquifer. They have also been able to successfully describe the simultaneous occurrence of various transport mechanisms of NP in porous media such as blocking/straining or agglomeration/deposition/detachment. However, the diversity of model equations developed by different authors and the lack of effective approaches for their validation present obstacles to the successful robust application of these models for describing or predicting NP transport phenomena. This review aims to describe consistently all the important NP transport mechanisms along with their representative mathematical continuum models as found in the current scientific literature. Detailed characterizations of each transport phenomenon in regards to their manifestation in the column experiment outcomes, i.e., breakthrough curve (BTC) and residual concentration profile (RCP), are presented to facilitate future interpretations of BTCs and RCPs. The review highlights two NP transport mechanisms, agglomeration and size exclusion, which are potentially of great importance in controlling the fate and transport of NP in the subsurface media yet have been widely neglected in many existing modeling studies. A critical limitation of the continuum modeling approach is the number of parameters used upon application to larger scales and when a series of transport mechanisms are involved. We investigate the use of simplifying assumptions, such as the equilibrium assumption, in modeling the attachment/detachment mechanisms within a continuum modelling framework. While acknowledging criticisms about the use of this assumption for NP deposition on a mechanistic (process) basis, we found that its use as a description of dynamic deposition behavior in a continuum model yields broadly similar results to those arising from a kinetic model. Furthermore, we show that in two dimensional (2-D) continuum models the modeling efficiency based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC) is enhanced for equilibrium vs kinetic with no significant reduction in model performance. This is because fewer parameters are needed for the equilibrium model compared to the kinetic model. Two major transport regimes are identified in the transport of NP within porous media. The first regime is characterized by higher particle-surface attachment affinity than particle-particle attachment affinity, and operative transport mechanisms of physicochemical filtration, blocking, and physical retention. The second regime is characterized by the domination of particle-particle attachment tendency over particle-surface affinity. In this regime although physicochemical filtration as well as straining may still be operative, ripening is predominant together with agglomeration and further subsequent retention. In both regimes careful assessment of NP fate and transport is necessary since certain combinations of concurrent transport phenomena leading to large migration distances are possible in either case.
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Han B, Zhang M, Zhao D. In-situ degradation of soil-sorbed 17β-estradiol using carboxymethyl cellulose stabilized manganese oxide nanoparticles: Column studies. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 223:238-246. [PMID: 28108162 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work tested a new remediation technology for in-situ degradation of estrogens by delivering a new class of stabilized manganese oxide (MnO2) nanoparticles in contaminated soils. The nanoparticles were prepared using a food-grade carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a stabilizer, which was able to facilitate particle delivery into soil. The effectiveness of the technology was tested using 17β-estradiol (E2) as a model estrogen and three sandy loams (SL1, SL2, and SL3) as model soils. Column transport tests showed that the nanoparticles can be delivered in the three soils, though retention of the nanoparticles varied. The nanoparticle retention is strongly dependent on the injection pore velocity. The treatment effectiveness is highly dependent upon the mass transfer rates of both the nanoparticles and contaminants. When the E2-laden soils were treated with 22-130 pore volumes of a 0.174 g/L MnO2 nanoparticle suspension, up to 88% of water leachable E2 was degraded. The nanoparticles were more effective for soils that offer moderate desorption rates of E2. Decreasing injection velocity or increasing MnO2 concentration facilitate E2 degradation. The nanoparticles-based technology appears promising for in-situ oxidation of endocrine disruptors in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; College of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Man Zhang
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Dongye Zhao
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Civil Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA; Institute of Environmental Science, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030024, China.
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Xia X, Ling L, Zhang WX. Solution and surface chemistry of the Se(IV)-Fe(0) reactions: Effect of initial solution pH. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 168:1597-1603. [PMID: 27939658 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.11.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aspects of solution and solid-phase reactions between selenite (Se(IV)) and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) were investigated. Experimental results on the effects of initial solution pH, formation and evolution of nZVI corrosion products, and speciation of selenium in nZVI were presented. In general, the rate of Se(IV) removal decreases with increasing initial pH. The observed rate constants of Se(IV) removal decreased from 0.3530 to 0.0364 min-1 as pH increased from 4.0 to 10.0. Composition and morphology of nZVI corrosion products and selenium species were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results confirmed that Se(IV) was reduced to Se(0) and Se(-II) by nZVI. Lower solution pH favored further reduction of Se(0) to Se(-II). Amorphous FeOOH, magnetite/maghemite (Fe3O4/γ-Fe2O3) and ferrous hydroxide (Fe(OH)2) were identified as the main corrosion products. Under alkaline conditions, the corrosion products were mainly of Fe(OH)2 along with small amounts of Fe3O4, while nZVI in acidic solutions was oxidized to mostly Fe3O4 and amorphous FeOOH. Furthermore, these corrosion products acted as intermediates for electron transfer and reactive/sorptive sites for Se(IV) adsorption and reduction, thus played a crucial role in the removal of aqueous Se(IV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefen Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Lan Ling
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Wei-Xian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
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44
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Chang YJ, Shih YH, Su CH, Ho HC. Comparison of three analytical methods to measure the size of silver nanoparticles in real environmental water and wastewater samples. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 322:95-104. [PMID: 27041441 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the widespread application of engineered nanoparticles, their potential risk to ecosystems and human health is of growing concern. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are one of the most extensively produced NPs. Thus, this study aims to develop a method to detect Ag NPs in different aquatic systems. In complex media, three emerging techniques are compared, including hydrodynamic chromatography (HDC), asymmetric flow field flow fractionation (AF4) and single particle inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS). The pre-treatment procedure of centrifugation is evaluated. HDC can estimate the Ag NP sizes, which were consistent with the results obtained from DLS. AF4 can also determine the size of Ag NPs but with lower recoveries, which could result from the interactions between Ag NPs and the working membrane. For the SP-ICP-MS, both the particle size and concentrations can be determined with high Ag NP recoveries. The particle size resulting from SP-ICP-MS also corresponded to the transmission electron microscopy observation (p>0.05). Therefore, HDC and SP-ICP-MS are recommended for environmental analysis of the samples after our established pre-treatment process. The findings of this study propose a preliminary technique to more accurately determine the Ag NPs in aquatic environments and to use this knowledge to evaluate the environmental impact of manufactured NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jie Chang
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yang-Hsin Shih
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
| | - Chiu-Hun Su
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chen Ho
- Department of Anatomy, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
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Ahn JY, Kim C, Kim HS, Hwang KY, Hwang I. Effects of oxidants on in situ treatment of a DNAPL source by nanoscale zero-valent iron: A field study. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 107:57-65. [PMID: 27837733 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of a nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI)-based treatment process for an aquifer contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) in which TCE in dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) form was also present. The study further investigated the effects of site oxidants on the reactivity and lifetime of NZVI. The injection of 30 kg of NZVI into the site successfully removed 95.7% of TCE in the groundwater within the first 60 days without producing chlorinated intermediates. The chloride balance analysis estimated that 2214 g of TCE was removed and confirmed the presence of DNAPL TCE. The oxidation of NZVI particles by nitrate, dissolved oxygen (DO), and TCE consumed 29.5%, 13.5%, and 14.3% of the Fe(0) initially present, respectively, over 60 days. Thus, nitrate was identified as the priority among groundwater oxidants. The reactive lifetime of NZVI at the site was found to be at least 103 days, based on the monitoring of TCE, DO, and nitrate concentrations, oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), and the residual Fe(0) content of the NZVI particles. Solid samples that were retrieved from the site on the 165th day still contained substantial amounts of Fe(0), occupying up to 21.9% of the total mass, and retained considerable reactivities towards TCE. This indicates that the NZVI particles aged more than 5 months at the site can potentially be reused for TCE reduction even after extensive corrosion of Fe(0) has occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Young Ahn
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolyong Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Seok Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Yup Hwang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Hwang
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University, 2, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea.
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Fan G, Wang Y, Fang G, Zhu X, Zhou D. Review of chemical and electrokinetic remediation of PCBs contaminated soils and sediments. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2016; 18:1140-1156. [PMID: 27711886 DOI: 10.1039/c6em00320f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are manmade organic compounds, and pollution due to PCBs has been a global environmental problem because of their persistence, long-range atmospheric transport and bioaccumulation. Many physical, chemical and biological technologies have been utilized to remediate PCBs contaminated soils and sediments, and there are some emerging new technologies and combined methods that may provide cost-effective alternatives to the existing remediation practice. This review provides a general overview on the recent developments in chemical treatment and electrokinetic remediation (EK) technologies related to PCBs remediation. In particular, four technologies including photocatalytic degradation of PCBs combined with soil washing, Fe-based reductive dechlorination, advanced oxidation process, and EK/integrated EK technology (e.g., EK coupled with chemical oxidation, nanotechnology and bioremediation) are reviewed in detail. We focus on the fundamental principles and governing factors of chemical technologies, and EK/integrated EK technologies. Comparative analysis of these technologies including their major advantages and disadvantages is summarized. The existing problems and future prospects of these technologies regarding PCBs remediation are further highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangping Fan
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China. and China Construction Power and Environment Engineering Co., Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Guodong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongmei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China.
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Fan D, O'Brien Johnson G, Tratnyek PG, Johnson RL. Sulfidation of Nano Zerovalent Iron (nZVI) for Improved Selectivity During In-Situ Chemical Reduction (ISCR). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 50:9558-9565. [PMID: 27454131 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The high reactivity of nano zerovalent iron (nZVI) leads to inefficient treatment due to competition with various natural reductant demand (NRD) processes, especially the reduction of water to hydrogen. Here we show that this limitation can be alleviated by sulfidation (i.e., modification by reducing sulfur compounds). nZVI synthesized on carboxylmethylcelluose (CMC-nZVI) was sulfidated with either sulfide or dithionite. The reactivity of the resulting materials was examined with three complementary assays: (i) direct measurement of hydrogen production, (ii) reduction of a colorimetric redox probe (indigo disulfonate, I2S), and (iii) dechlorination of trichloroethylene (TCE). The results indicate that sulfidation at S/Fe molar ratios of ≥0.3, effectively eliminates reaction with water, but retains significant reactivity with TCE. However, sulfidation with sulfide leaves most of the nZVI as Fe(0), whereas dithionite converts a majority of the nZVI to FeS (thus consuming much of the reducing capacity originally provided by the Fe(0)). Simplified numerical models show that the reduction kinetics of I2S and TCE are mainly dependent on the initial reducing equivalents and that the TCE reduction rate is affected by the aging of FeS. Overall, the results suggest that pretreatment of nZVI with reducing sulfur compounds could result in substantial improvement in nZVI selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimin Fan
- Institute of Environmental Health ‡OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Graham O'Brien Johnson
- Institute of Environmental Health ‡OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Paul G Tratnyek
- Institute of Environmental Health ‡OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
| | - Richard L Johnson
- Institute of Environmental Health ‡OHSU/PSU School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
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Mackenzie K, Bleyl S, Kopinke FD, Doose H, Bruns J. Carbo-Iron as improvement of the nanoiron technology: From laboratory design to the field test. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:641-648. [PMID: 26299641 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.07.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In a first pilot-scale field test the use of Carbo-Iron® was successfully demonstrated. Carbo-Iron was developed with the goal to overcome significant shortcomings of nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) for in-situ groundwater remediation. The composite material of colloidal activated carbon and embedded nanoiron structures has been tested for the remediation of a tetrachloroethene (PCE) contaminated field site in Lower Saxony, Germany. The results of the two-step field test confirmed the properties intended by its design and the particle performance achieved in the laboratory experiments. The material showed transport lengths of several metres in the field and fast PCE decomposition with no vinyl chloride formation. Extended longevity of the PCE decrease in the treated area and evidence for microbiological participation were found. Carbo-Iron is now under study in the framework of the EU-project NanoREM where its performance is being further optimized at various scales from laboratory via large-scale tank to field testing. Targeted property adjustment was successful for Carbo-Iron performance in both directions: plume treatment and source attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Mackenzie
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Steffen Bleyl
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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Němeček J, Pokorný P, Lhotský O, Knytl V, Najmanová P, Steinová J, Černík M, Filipová A, Filip J, Cajthaml T. Combined nano-biotechnology for in-situ remediation of mixed contamination of groundwater by hexavalent chromium and chlorinated solvents. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:822-834. [PMID: 26850861 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 01/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The present report describes a 13month pilot remediation study that consists of a combination of Cr(VI) (4.4 to 57mg/l) geofixation and dechlorination of chlorinated ethenes (400 to 6526μg/l), achieved by the sequential use of nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles and in situ biotic reduction supported by whey injection. The remediation process was monitored using numerous techniques, including physical-chemical analyses and molecular biology approaches which enabled both the characterization of the mechanisms involved in pollutant transformation and the description of the overall background processes of the treatment. The results revealed that nZVI was efficient toward Cr(VI) by itself and completely removed it from the groundwater (LOQ 0.05mg/l) and the subsequent application of whey resulted in a high removal of chlorinated ethenes (97 to 99%). The persistence of the reducing conditions, even after the depletion of the organic substrates, indicated a complementarity between nZVI and the whey phases in the combined technology as the subsequent application of whey phase partially assisted the microbial regeneration of the spent nZVI by promoting its reduction into Fe(II), which further supported remediation conditions at the site. Illumina sequencing and the detection of functional vcrA and bvcA genes documented a development in the reducing microbes (iron-reducing, sulfate-reducing and chlororespiring bacteria) that benefited under the conditions of the site and that was probably responsible for the high dechlorination and/or Cr(VI) reduction. The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility and high efficiency of the combined nano-biotechnological approach of nZVI and whey application in-situ for the removal of Cr(VI) and chlorinated ethenes from the groundwater of the contaminated site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Němeček
- ENACON s.r.o., Krčská 16, CZ-140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic; Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pokorný
- ENACON s.r.o., Krčská 16, CZ-140 00 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Lhotský
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Vladislav Knytl
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Najmanová
- DEKONTA a.s., Volutová 2523, CZ-158 00 Prague 5, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Steinová
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-461 17 Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Filipová
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Filip
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University in Olomouc, 17. listopadu 1192/12, CZ-771 46 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Benátská 2, CZ-12801, Prague 2, Czech Republic; Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, CZ-142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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50
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Tsakiroglou C, Terzi K, Sikinioti-Lock A, Hajdu K, Aggelopoulos C. Assessing the capacity of zero valent iron nanofluids to remediate NAPL-polluted porous media. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 563-564:866-878. [PMID: 26875604 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A variety of aqueous suspensions (nanofluids) of zero-valent nano-particles (nZVI) are prepared by wet chemistry techniques, their stability and longevity is evaluated by physic-chemical methods of characterization, and their reactivity toward the dechlorination of per-chloro-ethylene (PCE) is examined with tests in batch reactors. For assessing the mobility, longevity and reactivity of nZVI suspensions (nanofluids), under flow-through conditions, visualization multiphase flow and transport tests are performed on a glass-etched pore network. The nZVI breakthrough curves are constructed by measuring the transient variation of the iron concentration in the effluent with atomic absorption spectroscopy. The capacity of nZVI to remediate the bulk phase of PCE is quantified by detecting the mass loss rate of PCE ganglia trapped in glass-etched pore networks during the continuous injection of nZVI suspension or pure water. The nZVI injection in porous media is simulated as an advection- dispersion process by accounting for the attachment/detachment of nanoparticles on the pore-walls, and describing the kinetics of PCE dissolution and reaction by 1st order equations. Visualization experiments reveal that the gradual elimination of PCE ganglia by the injected nZVI is associated with the preferential "erosion" of the upstream interfacial regions. The step controlling the overall process kinetics might be either (i) the enhanced PCE dissolution or (ii) the direct reaction of bulk PCE with the nZVI deposited upon the ganglia interfaces. Inverse modeling of the experiments under the simplifying assumption of one active mechanism indicates that the estimated kinetic coefficients are increasing functions of the flow rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tsakiroglou
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou street, Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Katerina Terzi
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou street, Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Alexandra Sikinioti-Lock
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou street, Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece; Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Kata Hajdu
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou street, Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Christos Aggelopoulos
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas-Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou street, Platani, 26504 Patras, Greece
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