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Cao S, Wan Q, Cao R, Wang J, Huang T, Wen G. Solar/ClO 2 system inactivates fungal spores in drinking water: Synergy, efficiency and mechanisms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 948:174886. [PMID: 39032749 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
The risk of fungal pollution in drinking water has been paid attention. Solar/chlorine dioxide (ClO2) combined system is an environment-friendly, economical and efficient disinfection method, especially for countries and regions that are economically backward and still exposed to unsafe drinking water. In this paper, the kinetics, influencing factors, mechanism and regrowth potential of inactivated Aspergillus niger (A. niger) spores by solar/ClO2 were reported for the first time. The inactivation curve can be divided into three stages: instant inactivation within 1-2 min, slow linear inactivation and finally a tail. The synergistic factors produced by solar/ClO2 in terms of log reduction and maximum inactivation rate were 1.194 and 1.112, respectively. The inhibitory effect on the regrowth of A. niger spores inactivated by solar/ClO2 was also stronger than that by ClO2 alone. Strongly oxidizing reactive species produced by solar/ClO2 accelerated the accumulation of endogenic reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by oxidation stress of A. niger spores, improving the inactivation ability of the system. The inactivation order of A. niger spores was: loss of culturability, accumulation of intracellular ROS, loss of membrane integrity, leakage of intracellular species and change of morphology. The inactivation performance of solar/ClO2 was better than solar/chlor(am)ine according to the comparison of inactivation efficiency and regrowth potential. Results also suggested that solar/ClO2 process was more suitable for the treatment of ground water sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shulei Cao
- Shaanxi Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Water Quality in Qinling Mountains, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Qiqi Wan
- Shaanxi Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Water Quality in Qinling Mountains, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Ruihua Cao
- Shaanxi Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Water Quality in Qinling Mountains, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Water Quality in Qinling Mountains, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Shaanxi Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Water Quality in Qinling Mountains, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China
| | - Gang Wen
- Shaanxi Provincial Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Water Quality in Qinling Mountains, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, PR China.
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Wang J, Yu Z, Zhang H, Wang H, Tang X, Bai L, Zhang H, Tian Y, Li G, Liang H. Three-compartment membrane electrolyzer combining simultaneous desalination and oxidative degradation in treating nanofiltration concentrate. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121037. [PMID: 38142506 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
The complex organic and inorganic solutes present in nanofiltration's purification by-product (NF concentrate, NFC) pose challenges to the water processing procedure. To address this, a three-compartment membrane electrolyzer was proposed that facilitates electro-driven ion migration for crystallization alongside synchronous anodic oxidation for organic degradation. With a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 5 min and a current exceeding 50 mA, the system effectively separated over 25 % of inorganic salts and accomplished reclamation through crystallization in the concentration compartment. Simultaneously, it achieved oxidation of pollutants by more than 35 % based on the total nitrogen index and removed upwards of 15 % of organic carbon. Notably, the efficiency of pollutant removal correlated strongly with the intensity of the current. Furthermore, this study uncovered two issues encountered during the electrochemical process: membrane fouling and electrode fouling. During concentration, metal cations readily formed organic pollution by complexing with organic pollutants, while the crystallization of inorganics on the surface of anion exchange membranes emerged as a pivotal factor hindering current enhancement, similar to the formation of deposited salt in a solution. Long HRT can lead to electrode contamination and corrosion which subsequently affect current efficiency. Energy consumption verified the feasibility of the electrolyzer for NFC processing. Based on our findings, a current intensity of 100 mA (equivalent to a density of 8 mA/cm2) was deemed optimal, striking a balance between pollutant removal and various limiting factors associated with each pollutant. Consequently, this innovative advancement in membrane electrolyzers helps in overcoming limitations in synergistic desalination, ion recovery, and organic removal, establishing a fundamental component of the abbreviated flow process for future NFC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhangjie Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hesong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiaobin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Langming Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Han Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Yabalak E, Mahmood Al-Nuaimy MN, Saleh M, Isik Z, Dizge N, Balakrishnan D. Catalytic efficiency of raw and hydrolyzed eggshell in the oxidation of crystal violet and dye bathing wastewater by thermally activated peroxide oxidation method. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113210. [PMID: 35398079 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, hydrochar-based-eggshell was prepared via the subcritical water medium (SCWM) and used as a catalyst in the thermally activated peroxide oxidation (TAPO) approach for crystal violet and dye bathing wastewater degradation. The catalytic activities for the raw eggshell (RES) and hydrochar-based-eggshell (HES) were compared. RES and HES were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM),energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The affecting parameters on the degradation process were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of temperature (293-333 K), amount of catalyst (5-25 mg/50 mL), the concentration of H2O2 (0-8 mM), and treatment time (10-70 min) on the TAPO method were investigated using central composite design (CCD). For the crystal violet removal, two models were developed. Both models were significant and can be used to describe the design space. Also, the dye bathing wastewater degradation was described by another developed model, which had a high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.97). In general, catalytic activity for HES was higher than RES. The degradation of crystal violet reached 98.10% when a 20 mg HES catalyst and 6 mM H2O2 at 323 K for 55 min were used. While 97% of the color of dye bathing wastewater was removed in 55 min at 323 K using 25 mg of HES and 4 mM H2O2. This study showed that the hydrolyzed eggshells could be used in the oxidation of crystal violet and dye bathing wastewater by the thermally activated peroxide oxidation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erdal Yabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey.
| | | | - Mohammed Saleh
- National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Jenin, Palestine
| | - Zelal Isik
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin 33343, Turkey.
| | - Deepanraj Balakrishnan
- Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, India; College of Engineering, Prince Mohammad Bin Fahd University, Al Khobar 31952, Saudi Arabia
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Yıldız B, Yücel A, Hanay Ö. In-situ generation of H 2O 2 in heterogeneous Fenton-like process with Fe/Ni bimetallic particle for Metronidazole degradation. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2022.2082981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Burçin Yıldız
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yücel
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Özge Hanay
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Firat University, Elazığ, Turkey
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Xie Y, Yang L, Chen X, Zhao H, Cao G, Li X, Bai L, Meng S, Wang R. The role of iron present in water environment in degradation of polyamide membranes by free chlorine. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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6
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Performance of Ti/RuO2-IrO2 Electrodes and Comparison with BDD Electrodes in the Treatment of Textile Wastewater by Electro-Oxidation Process. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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7
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Wu K, Shi M, Pan X, Zhang J, Zhang X, Shen T, Tian Y. Decolourization and biodegradation of methylene blue dye by a ligninolytic enzyme-producing Bacillus thuringiensis: degradation products and pathway. Enzyme Microb Technol 2022; 156:109999. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2022.109999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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8
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Salami R, Amini M, Bagherzadeh M, Chae KH. Vanadium oxide‐supported copper ferrite nanoparticles: A reusable and highly efficient catalyst for rhodamine B degradation via activation of peroxymonosulfate. Appl Organomet Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.6367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Salami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Maragheh Maragheh Iran
| | - Mojtaba Amini
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Maragheh Maragheh Iran
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | | | - Keun Hwa Chae
- Advanced Analysis Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul South Korea
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Saleh M, Yildirim R, Isik Z, Karagunduz A, Keskinler B, Dizge N. Optimization of the electrochemical oxidation of textile wastewater by graphite electrodes by response surface methodology and artificial neural network. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:1245-1256. [PMID: 34534120 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, electrochemical oxidation of combed fabric dyeing wastewater was investigated using graphite electrodes. The response surface methodology (RSM) was used to design the experiments via the central composite design (CCD). The planned experiments were done to track color changes and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. The experimental results were used to develop optimization models using RSM and the artificial neural network (ANN) and they were compared. The developed models by the two methods were in good agreement with the experimental results. The optimum conditions were found at 150 A/m2, pH 5, and 120 min. The removal efficiencies for color and COD reached 96.6% and 77.69%, respectively. The operating cost at the optimum conditions was also estimated. The energy and the cost of 1 m3 of wastewater required 34.9 kWh and 2.58 US$, respectively. The graphite electrodes can be successfully utilized for treatment of combed fabric dyeing wastewater with reasonable cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Saleh
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Rabia Yildirim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Zelal Isik
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey E-mail:
| | - Ahmet Karagunduz
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Bulent Keskinler
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, 41400, Turkey
| | - Nadir Dizge
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Mersin University, Mersin, 33343, Turkey E-mail:
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Divyapriya G, Singh S, Martínez-Huitle CA, Scaria J, Karim AV, Nidheesh PV. Treatment of real wastewater by photoelectrochemical methods: An overview. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 276:130188. [PMID: 33743419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An inadequate and inefficient performance ability of conventional methods to remove persistent organic pollutants urges the need of alternative or complementary advanced wastewater treatments methods to ensure the safer reuse of reclaimed water. Photoelectrochemical methods are emerging as promising options among other advanced oxidation processes because of the higher treatment efficiency achieved due to the synergistic effects of combined photochemical and electrolysis reactions. Synergistic effects of integrated photochemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes not only increase the hydroxyl radical production; an enhancement on the mineralization ability through various side reactions is also achieved. In this review, fundamental reaction mechanisms of different photoelectrochemical methods including photoelectrocatalysis, photo/solar electro-Fenton, photo anodic oxidation, photoelectroperoxone and photocatalytic fuel cell are discussed. Various integrated photochemical, electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes and their synergistic effects are elaborated. Different reactor configurations along with the positioning of electrodes, photocatalysts and light source of the individual/combined photoelectrochemical treatment systems are discussed. Modified photoanode and cathode materials used in the photoelectrochemical reactors and their performance ability is presented. Photoelectrochemical treatment of real wastewater such as landfill leachate, oil mill, pharmaceutical, textile, and tannery wastewater are reviewed. Hydrogen production efficiency in the photoelectrochemical process is further elaborated. Cost and energy involved in these processes are briefed, but the applicability of photocatalytic fuel cells to reduce the electrical dependence is also summarised. Finally, the use of photoelectrochemical approaches as an alternative for treating soil washing effluents is currently discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Divyapriya
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA
| | - Seema Singh
- Omvati Devi Degree College, Bhalaswagaj, Haridwar, India
| | - Carlos A Martínez-Huitle
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Lagoa Nova, CEP 59078-970, Natal, RN, Brazil.
| | - Jaimy Scaria
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ansaf V Karim
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, India
| | - P V Nidheesh
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
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Zhang T, Jin X, Owens G, Chen Z. Remediation of malachite green in wastewater by ZIF-8@Fe/Ni nanoparticles based on adsorption and reduction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 594:398-408. [PMID: 33774396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Dye-contaminated wastewater resulting from rapid industrialization and urbanization is a global problem. In this study, a ZIF-8@Fe/Ni sample was synthesized for the removal of malachite green (MG), removing more than 99% of an initial MG concentration of 50 mg L-1 within 120 min with a 318 K adsorption capacity of 151.520 mg g-1. To understand the dye removal mechanism based on adsorption and reduction, ZIF-8@Fe/Ni was characterized by various techniques. XRD showed that the ZIF-8@Fe/Ni composite had a characteristic peak attributable to Fe/Ni around 44.8°, where the presence of Fe/Ni did not affect the structure of ZIF-8. SEM confirmed that ZIF-8@Fe/Ni was successfully prepared, while XRD and FTIR revealed that the structure of ZIF-8@Fe/Ni remained stable following the introduction of Fe/Ni. XPS showed that while Fe/Ni nanoparticles existed in ZIF-8-Fe/Ni, partial oxidation also occurred. GC-MS demonstrated the creation of two major MG degradation products, (4-aminophenyl) (phenyl) methanone and 4-aminophenol. While the overall adsorption process of MG to ZIF-8@Fe/Ni conformed to pseudo-second-order kinetics, degradation followed pseudo-first-order reduction kinetics. When applied to the remediation of wastewater, ZIF-8@Fe/Ni removed 92% of MG. Overall, this study demonstrated that ZIF-8@Fe/Ni could be a promising material for the treatment of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xiaoying Jin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian Province, China.
| | - Gary Owens
- Environmental Contaminants Group, Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
| | - Zuliang Chen
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, Fujian Province, China.
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Ceretta MB, Nercessian D, Wolski EA. Current Trends on Role of Biological Treatment in Integrated Treatment Technologies of Textile Wastewater. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:651025. [PMID: 33841377 PMCID: PMC8028139 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.651025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wastewater discharge is a matter of concern as it is the primary source of water pollution. Consequently, wastewater treatment plays a key role in reducing the negative impact that wastewater discharge produce into the environment. Particularly, the effluents produced by textile industry are composed of high concentration of hazardous compounds such as dyes, as well as having high levels of chemical and biological oxygen demand, suspended solids, variable pH, and high concentration of salt. Main efforts have been focused on the development of methods consuming less water or reusing it, and also on the development of dyes with a better fixation capacity. However, the problem of how to treat these harmful effluents is still pending. Different treatment technologies have been developed, such as coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, membrane filtration, reverse osmosis, advanced oxidation, and biological processes (activated sludge, anaerobic-aerobic treatment, and membrane bioreactor). Concerning to biological treatments, even though they are considered as the most environmentally friendly and economic methods, their industrial application is still uncertain. On the one hand, this is due to the costs of treatment plants installation and, on the other, to the fact that most of the studies are carried out with simulated or diluted effluents that do not represent what really happens in the industries. Integrated treatment technologies by combining the efficiency two or more methodologies used to be more efficient for the decontamination of textile wastewater, than treatments used separately. The elimination of hazardous compounds had been reported using combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes. On this way, as degradation products can sometimes be even more toxic than the parent compounds, effluent toxicity assessment is an essential feature in the development of these alternatives. This article provides a critical view on the state of art of biological treatment, the degree of advancement and the prospects for their application, also discussing the concept of integrated treatment and the importance of including toxicity assays to reach an integral approach to wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Belen Ceretta
- Biochemical Engineering Group, Institute of Science and Technology of Food and Environment (INCITAA), Faculty of Engineering, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Débora Nercessian
- Institute of Biological Research (IIB), CONICET, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Erika A Wolski
- Biochemical Engineering Group, Institute of Science and Technology of Food and Environment (INCITAA), Faculty of Engineering, National University of Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina.,National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Zhao L, Yang D, Ma L, Feng X, Ding H. An efficient heterogeneous catalyst of FeCo2O4/g-C3N4 composite for catalytic peroxymonosulfate oxidation of organic pollutants under visible light. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Chaturvedi A, Rai BN, Singh RS, Jaiswal RP. A comprehensive review on the integration of advanced oxidation processes with biodegradation for the treatment of textile wastewater containing azo dyes. REV CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1515/revce-2020-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The threat of dye contamination has achieved an unsurpassed abnormal state lately due to their massive consumption in several enterprises including textile, leather, cosmetic, plastic, and paper industries. This review focuses on the integrations of various advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), such as Fenton, photocatalysis, and ozonation, with biodegradation for the treatment of textile azo dyes. Such integrations have been explored lately by researchers to bring down the processing cost and improve the degree of mineralization of the treated dyeing wastewater. The review refers to the basic mechanisms, the influence of various process parameters, outcomes of recent works, and future research directions. All the three AOPs, independently, demonstrated substantial color reduction of 54–100%. The ozonation process, stand-alone, showed the most efficient decolorization (of 88–100%) consistently in all reviewed research works. In contrast, all three AOPs independently offered varied and inadequate COD reduction in the range of 16–80%. The AOPs, after getting integrated with biodegradation, yielded an additional reduction (of 11–70%) in the COD-levels and (of 16–80%) in the TOC-levels. Further, the integration of AOPs with biodegradation has potential to significantly reduce the treatment costs. The review suggests further research efforts in the direction of sequencing chemical and biological routes such that their synergistic utilization yield complete detoxification of the textile azo dyes economically at large-scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Chaturvedi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , Uttar Pradesh 221005 , India
| | - Birendra Nath Rai
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , Uttar Pradesh 221005 , India
| | - Ram Saran Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , Uttar Pradesh 221005 , India
| | - Ravi Prakash Jaiswal
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University) , Varanasi , Uttar Pradesh 221005 , India
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GilPavas E, Dobrosz-Gómez I, Gómez-García MÁ. Efficient treatment for textile wastewater through sequential electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation and adsorption processes: Optimization and toxicity assessment. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Yuan H, Chen L, Cao Z, Hong FF. Enhanced decolourization efficiency of textile dye Reactive Blue 19 in a horizontal rotating reactor using strips of BNC-immobilized laccase: Optimization of conditions and comparison of decolourization efficiency. Biochem Eng J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2020.107501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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17
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Selvaraj H, Aravind P, George HS, Sundaram M. Removal of sulfide and recycling of recovered product from tannery lime wastewater using photoassisted-electrochemical oxidation process. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Guo D, Xiao Y, Li T, Zhou Q, Shen L, Li R, Xu Y, Lin H. Fabrication of high-performance composite nanofiltration membranes for dye wastewater treatment: mussel-inspired layer-by-layer self-assembly. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 560:273-283. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.10.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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19
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Ai S, Guo X, Zhao L, Yang D, Ding H. Zeolitic imidazolate framework-supported Prussian blue analogues as an efficient Fenton-like catalyst for activation of peroxymonosulfate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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20
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Self-cleaning Anti-fouling TiO2/Poly(aryl ether sulfone) Composite Ultrafiltration Membranes. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-8401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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21
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Zeng L, Xiao L, Shi X, Wei M, Cao J, Long Y. Core-shell Prussian blue analogues@ poly(m-phenylenediamine) as efficient peroxymonosulfate activators for degradation of Rhodamine B with reduced metal leaching. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 534:586-594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.09.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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22
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Cross-linking and modification of sodium alginate biopolymer for dye removal in aqueous solution. Polym Bull (Berl) 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-018-2557-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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23
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Mahmoud ME, Abdou AE, Shehata AK, Header HM, Hamed EA. Sustainable super fast adsorptive removal of Congo red dye from water by a novel technique based on microwave-enforced sorption process. J IND ENG CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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24
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Gupta VK, Fakhri A, Azad M, Agarwal S. Synthesis of CdSe quantum dots decorated SnO 2 nanotubes as anode for photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of hydrochlorothiazide: Kinetic process. J Colloid Interface Sci 2017; 508:575-582. [PMID: 28869914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.08.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical residues have been increasingly detected in the aquatic environment and are considered important contaminants of emerging concern. This study examines the photo assisted electrochemical degradation of the Hydrochlorothiazide by using CdSe quantum dots decorated SnO2 nanotubes. The characteristic devices such as Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, UV-vis diffuse reflectance Transmission electron Microscopy were used to analyze information structure of CdSe QDs/SnO2 nanotubes. All the experiments were perform with influence of the current density (10-60mAcm-2) and sodium chloride (0.02-0.10molL-1) in the supporting electrolyte composition was analyzed. The results showed that the Hydrochlorothiazide and TOC removal was achieved in the current density range used. As expected, the degradation kinetics presented a pseudo first order behavior. Comparison of the efficiencies of the photocatalytic, electrochemical (EC) and photo-assisted electrochemical (PAEC) techniques verified that the combined process showed a synergism for HCT and TOC removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar Gupta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Ali Fakhri
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mona Azad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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25
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Santhanam M, Selvaraj R, Annamalai S, Sundaram M. Combined electrochemical, sunlight-induced oxidation and biological process for the treatment of chloride containing textile effluent. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:1026-1032. [PMID: 28847091 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study presents a combined electrochemical, sunlight-induced oxidation and biological process for the treatment of textile effluent. In the first step, RuO2-TiO2/Ti and Titanium were used as the electrodes in EO process and color removal was achieved in 40 min at an applied current density of 20 mA cm-2. The EO process generated about 250 mg L-1 of active chlorine which hampered the subsequent biological treatment process. Thus, in the second step, sun light-induced photolysis (SLIP) is explored to remove hypochlorite present in the EO treated effluent. In the third step, the SLIP treated effluent was fed to laccase positive bacterial consortium for biological process. To assess the effect of SLIP in the overall process, experiments were carried out with and without SLIP process. In experiments without SLIP, sodium thiosulfate was used to remove active chlorine. HPLC analysis showed that SLIP integrated experiments achieved an overall dye component degradation of 71%, where as only 22% degradation was achieved in the absence of SLIP process. The improvement in degradation with SLIP process is attributed to the presence of ClO radicals which detected by EPR analysis. The oxidation of organic molecules during process was confirmed by FT-IR and GC-MS analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manikandan Santhanam
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India; Corrosion and Material Protection Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India.
| | - Rajeswari Selvaraj
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India; Corrosion and Material Protection Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India
| | - Sivasankar Annamalai
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India; Corrosion and Material Protection Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India
| | - Maruthamuthu Sundaram
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India; Corrosion and Material Protection Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CSIR-CECRI), Karaikudi - 630 006, India
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26
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Hussain S, Steter JR, Gul S, Motheo AJ. Photo-assisted electrochemical degradation of sulfamethoxazole using a Ti/Ru 0.3Ti 0.7O 2 anode: Mechanistic and kinetic features of the process. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 201:153-162. [PMID: 28654803 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the photo-assisted electrochemical degradation and mineralization of the antibiotic contaminant sulfamethoxazole (SMX). All the experiments were perform using a flow electrolytic cell, in which the influence of the current density (10-60 mA cm-2) and sodium chloride (0.02-0.10 mol L-1) in the supporting electrolyte composition was analyzed. The results showed that the total SMX and 50% TOC removal was achieved in the current density range used. As expected, the degradation kinetics presented a pseudo first order behavior and the rate constant increased from 0.05 min-1 to 0.50 min-1 as the current density raised from 10 to 60 mA cm-1. In addition, the values of the electrical energy per order (EEO) increased from 0.67 to 1.06 kW/hm-3 order-1 as the current density increased from 10 to 60 mAcm-2 and drop from 8.82 to 0.57 kW/hm-3 order-1 at supporting electrolyte concentration of 0.02-0.1 mol L-1. The reaction intermediates identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry allowed proposing a mechanism for the degradation. The use of photo assistance in the electrochemical process involved simultaneous reactions, for example, aromatic ring substitutions and hydroxylation. These reactions led to aromatic rings opening that generated simpler organic molecules, making possible the mineralization of the SMX molecule. Probable degradation pathways were proposed and discussed. Comparison of the efficiencies of the photocatalytic, electrochemical (EC) and photo-assisted electrochemical (PAEC) techniques revealed that the combined process showed a synergism for TOC removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Hussain
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Faculty of Materials and Chemical Engineering, GIK Institute of Engineering Sciences and Technology, Topi, KPK, 23460, Pakistan
| | - Juliana R Steter
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Saima Gul
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Artur J Motheo
- São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Trabalhador São Carlense 400, 13566-590, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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27
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Pensupa N, Leu SY, Hu Y, Du C, Liu H, Jing H, Wang H, Lin CSK. Recent Trends in Sustainable Textile Waste Recycling Methods: Current Situation and Future Prospects. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:76. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Elwakeel K, El-Bindary A, El-Sonbati A, Hawas A. Magnetic alginate beads with high basic dye removal potential and excellent regeneration ability. CAN J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2016-0641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The adsorption of crystal violet (CV) dye onto magnetic alginate (MAlg) composite from aqueous solutions was studied. Experiments were carried out as function of contact time, dosage, temperature, pH, and CV concentration in the solutions. Optimum CV uptake was observed at equilibrium pH 7 and most of the CV was sorbed within 30 min. The equilibrium adsorption data were analyzed using two common adsorption models: Langmuir and Freundlich. The results revealed that Langmuir isotherm fit the experimental results well. The maximum adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm equation was 0.113 mmol g−1 at 298 ± 1 K. The kinetics adsorption of CV onto MAlg composite was investigated using the pseudo first-order and pseudo second-order kinetic models. The results showed that the adsorption of CV onto MAlg composite followed pseudo second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic data indicated that the adsorption process is an endothermic and spontaneous reaction. Due to its outstanding adsorption capacities, MAlg composite is an excellent adsorbent for the removal of CV. The composite regeneration was greater than 98.6% with 0.01 mol/L HCl, and MAlg composite could be repeatedly utilized for CV removal with negligible loss in sorption capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.Z. Elwakeel
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Environmental Science Department, Faculty of Science, Port-Said University, Port-Said, Egypt
| | - A.A. El-Bindary
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - A.Z. El-Sonbati
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
| | - A.R. Hawas
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Damietta 34517, Egypt
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29
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Self-cleaning anti-fouling hybrid ultrafiltration membranes via side chain grafting of poly(aryl ether sulfone) and titanium dioxide. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Aravind P, Selvaraj H, Ferro S, Sundaram M. An integrated (electro- and bio-oxidation) approach for remediation of industrial wastewater containing azo-dyes: Understanding the degradation mechanism and toxicity assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 318:203-215. [PMID: 27427887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A hybrid approach for the remediation of recalcitrant dye wastewater is proposed. The chlorine-mediated electrochemical oxidation of real textile effluents and synthetic samples (using Ti/IrO2-RuO2-TiO2 anodes), lead to discoloration by 92% and 89%, respectively, in 100min, without significant mineralization. The remediation was obtained through biodegradation, after removing the residual bio-toxic active chlorine species via sunlight exposition. Results show that the electrochemical discoloration enhances the effluent biodegradability with about 90% COD removal employing acclimatized naphthalene-degrading bacterial consortia, within 144h. Based on results obtained through FT-IR and GC-MS, it is likely that azo group stripping and oxidative cleavage of dyes occur due to the nucleophilic attack of active chlorine species during electro-oxidation. This leads to generation of aromatic intermediates which are further desulfonated, deaminated or oxidized only at their functional groups. These aromatic intermediates were mineralized into simpler organic acids and aldehydes by bacterial consortia. Phyto-toxicity trials on Vigna radiata confirmed the toxic nature of the untreated dye solutions. An increase in root and shoot development was observed with the electrochemically treated solutions, the same was higher in case of bio-treated solutions. Overall, obtained results confirm the capability of the proposed hybrid oxidation scheme for the remediation of textile wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadharshini Aravind
- Corrosion and Materials Protection Division (CMPD), CSIR-Central electrochemical research institute (CECRI), Karaikudi 630 003, India.
| | - Hosimin Selvaraj
- Corrosion and Materials Protection Division (CMPD), CSIR-Central electrochemical research institute (CECRI), Karaikudi 630 003, India
| | - Sergio Ferro
- Ecas4 Australia, Unit 8, 1 London Road, Mile End, South Australia 5031, Australia
| | - Maruthamuthu Sundaram
- Corrosion and Materials Protection Division (CMPD), CSIR-Central electrochemical research institute (CECRI), Karaikudi 630 003, India
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31
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The Structural, Photocatalytic Property Characterization and Enhanced Photocatalytic Activities of Novel Photocatalysts Bi₂GaSbO₇ and Bi₂InSbO₇ during Visible Light Irradiation. MATERIALS 2016; 9:ma9100801. [PMID: 28773922 PMCID: PMC5456611 DOI: 10.3390/ma9100801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
In order to develop original and efficient visible light response photocatalysts for degrading organic pollutants in wastewater, new photocatalysts Bi2GaSbO7 and Bi2InSbO7 were firstly synthesized by a solid-state reaction method and their chemical, physical and structural properties were characterized. Bi2GaSbO7 and Bi2InSbO7 were crystallized with a pyrochlore-type structure and the lattice parameter of Bi2GaSbO7 or Bi2InSbO7 was 10.356497 Å or 10.666031 Å. The band gap of Bi2GaSbO7 or Bi2InSbO7 was estimated to be 2.59 eV or 2.54 eV. Compared with nitrogen doped TiO2, Bi2GaSbO7 and Bi2InSbO7, both showed excellent photocatalytic activities for degrading methylene blue during visible light irradiation due to their narrower band gaps and higher crystallization perfection. Bi2GaSbO7 showed higher catalytic activity compared with Bi2InSbO7. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue followed by the first-order reaction kinetics and the first-order rate constant was 0.01470 min−1, 0.00967 min−1 or 0.00259 min−1 with Bi2GaSbO7, Bi2InSbO7 or nitrogen doped TiO2 as a catalyst. The evolution of CO2 and the removal of total organic carbon were successfully measured and these results indicated continuous mineralization of methylene blue during the photocatalytic process. The possible degradation scheme and pathway of methylene blue was also analyzed. Bi2GaSbO7 and Bi2InSbO7 photocatalysts both had great potential to purify textile industry wastewater.
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32
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Abstract
The degradation of aqueous solutions containing phenolphthalein was carried out using ozone and electrochemical processes; the two different treatments were performed for 60 min at pH 3, pH 7, and pH 9. The electrochemical oxidation using boron-doped diamond electrodes processes was carried out using three current density values: 3.11 mA·cm−2, 6.22 mA·cm−2, and 9.33 mA·cm−2, whereas the ozone dose was constantly supplied at 5±0.5 mgL−1. An optimal degradation condition for the ozonation treatment is at alkaline pH, while the electrochemical treatment works better at acidic pH. The electrochemical process is twice better compared with ozonation.
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33
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Wang P, Wu C, Guo Y, Wang C. Experimental and theoretical studies on methylene blue and methyl orange sorption by wheat straw-derived biochar with a large surface area. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:30196-30203. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp04625h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
MB hydrolyzes in water and the existing forms in water include both the well-accepted MB+ and the hydrolyzed form of MB+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peifang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- P. R. China
| | - Chuangfei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- P. R. China
| | - Yong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes
- Ministry of Education
- College of Environment
- Hohai University
- P. R. China
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