1
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Lhamo P, Mahanty B. Impact of Acetic Acid Supplementation in Polyhydroxyalkanoates Production by Cupriavidus necator Using Mixture-Process Design and Artificial Neural Network. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024; 196:1155-1174. [PMID: 37166651 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04567-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The trend in bioplastic application has increased over the years where polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have emerged as a potential candidate with the advantage of being bio-origin, biodegradable, and biocompatible. The present study aims to understand the effect of acetic acid concentration (in combination with sucrose) as a mixture variable and its time of addition (process variable) on PHA production by Cupriavidus necator. The addition of acetic acid at a concentration of 1 g l-1 showed a positive influence on biomass and PHA yield; however, the further increase had a reversal effect. The addition of acetic acid at the time of incubation showed a higher PHA yield, whereas maximum biomass was achieved when acetic acid was added after 48 h. Genetic algorithm (GA) optimized artificial neural network (ANN) was used to model PHA concentration from mixture-process design data. Fitness of the GA-ANN model (R2: 0.935) was superior when compared to the polynomial model (R2: 0.301) from mixture design. Optimization of the ANN model projected 2.691 g l-1 PHA from 7.245 g l-1 acetic acid, 12.756 g l-1 sucrose, and the addition of acetic acid at the time of incubation. Sensitivity analysis indicates the inhibitory effect of all the predictors at higher levels. ANN model can be further used to optimize the variables while extending the bioprocess to fed-batch operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pema Lhamo
- Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, India
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2
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Liu S, Chen Z, Liu B, Wen Q, Wang Z, Lin X, Wang Y. Ecological succession and community assembly of mixed microbial culture polyhydroxyalkanoate production systems: Drivers of polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis and Bdellovibrio predation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 394:130204. [PMID: 38104663 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.130204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by mixed microbial culture (MMC) can reduce the pollution of plastics. Ecophysiological study of the microbial community assembly and succession is helpful for comprehensive understanding the MMC PHA production process. The operation mode of sequential aerobic dynamic discharge - aerobic dynamic feeding (ADD-ADF) was applied and the operation can be divided into acclimation phase and maturation phase. Deterministic process caused by selective pressure dominated the community assembly throughout the operation. In the acclimation phase, the physical selective pressure recovered the settling capacity of the system, and settling ability of the MMC was closely related to function of PHA synthesis. However, in the maturation phase, stochastic process caused sludge bulking, making the settling ability and PHA synthesis function of the MMC independent on each other. Stochastic process led to the succession of the dominant PHA-producing bacteria, for example, the predation of Paracoccus and Thauera by Bdellovibrio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Baozhen Liu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101, China
| | - Qinxue Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Zifan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Beijing General Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing 100082, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- China Aviation Planning and Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd, Beijing 100082, China
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3
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Li Y, Huang W, Fang S, Li Z, Li Z, Wang F, Cheng X, Cao J, Feng L, Luo J, Wu Y. Zinc pyrithione induced volatile fatty acids promotion derived from sludge anaerobic digestion: Interrelating the affected steps with microbial metabolic regulation and adaptive responses. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 234:119816. [PMID: 36878152 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The massive use of zinc pyrithione (ZPT, as broad-spectrum bactericides) resulted in its high levels in waste activated sludge (WAS) and affected subsequent WAS treatment. This work revealed the effects of ZPT on the volatile fatty acids (VFAs) during WAS anaerobic digestion, in which VFAs yield was enhanced by approximately 6-9 folds (from 353 mg COD/L in control to 2526-3318 mg COD/L with low level of ZPT (20-50 mg/g TSS)). The ZPT occurred in WAS enabled the acceleration of solubilization, hydrolysis and acidification processes while inhibited the methanogenesis. Also, the low ZPT contributed to the enrichment of functional hydrolytic-acidifying microorganisms (e.g., Ottowia and Acinetobacter) but caused the reduction of methanogens (e.g., Methanomassiliicoccus and Methanothrix). Meta-transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that the critical genes relevant to extracellular hydrolysis (i.e. CLPP and ZapA), membrane transport (i.e. gltI, and gltL), substrates metabolisms (i.e. fadj, and acd), and VFAs biosynthesis (i.e. porB and porD) were all upregulated by 25.1-701.3% with low level of ZPT. Specifically, the ZPT stimulus on amino acids metabolism for VFAs transformation was prominent over carbohydrates. Moreover, the functional species enabled to regulate the genes in QS and TCS systems to maintain favorable cell chemotaxis to adapt the ZPT stress. The cationic antimicrobial peptide resistance pathway was upregulated to blunt ZPT with the secretion of more lipopolysaccharide and activate proton pumps to maintain ions homeostasis to antagonize the ZPT toxicity for high microbial activities, the abundance of related genes was up-regulated by 60.5 to 524.5%. This work enlightened environmental behaviors of emerging pollutants on WAS anaerobic digestion process with interrelations of microbial metabolic regulation and adaptive responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Wenxuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Shiyu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Zhenzhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Ziyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Xiaoshi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Jiashun Cao
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China
| | - Leiyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jingyang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Ministry of Education, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, 1 Xikang Road, Nanjing 210098, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, China.
| | - Yang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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4
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de Vrije T, Nagtegaal RM, Veloo RM, Kappen FHJ, de Wolf FA. Medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate produced from ethanol by Pseudomonas putida grown in liquid obtained from acidogenic digestion of organic municipal solid waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 375:128825. [PMID: 36878376 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.128825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Production of medium chain length polyhydroxyalkanoate (mcl-PHA) up to about 6 g.L-1 was obtained by feeding ethanol to Pseudomonas putida growing in liquid obtained from acidogenic digestion of organic municipal solid waste. Washing the wet, heat-inactivated Pseudomonas cells at the end of the fermentation with ethanol obviated the need of drying the biomass and enabled the removal of contaminating lipids before solvent-mediated extraction of PHA. Using 'green' solvents, 90 to near 100% of the mcl-PHA was extracted and purities of 71-78% mcl-PHA were reached already by centrifugation and decantation without further filtration for biomass removal. The mcl-PHA produced in this way consists of 10-18% C8, 72-78% C10 and 8-12% C12 chains (entirely medium chain length), has a crystallinity and melting temperature of ∼13% and ∼49 °C, respectively, and is a stiff rubberlike, colourless material at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Truus de Vrije
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ricardo M Nagtegaal
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud M Veloo
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frans H J Kappen
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Frits A de Wolf
- Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, NL-6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands
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Brison A, Rossi P, Derlon N. Single CSTR can be as effective as an SBR in selecting PHA-storing biomass from municipal wastewater-derived feedstock. WATER RESEARCH X 2023; 18:100165. [PMID: 37250287 PMCID: PMC10214291 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A key step for the production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from organic waste streams is the selection of a biomass with a high PHA-storage capacity (selection-step), which is usually performed in sequencing batch reactors (SBR). A major advancement would be to perform such selection in continuous reactors to facilitate the full-scale implementation of PHA production from municipal wastewater (MWW)-derived feedstock. The present study therefore investigates to what extent a simple continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) represents a relevant alternative to anSBR. To this end, we operated two selection reactors (CSTR vs. SBR) on filtered primary sludge fermentate while performing a detailed analysis of the microbial communities, and monitoring PHA-storage over long-term (∼150 days) and during accumulation batches. Our study demonstrates that a simple CSTR is as effective as an SBR in selecting biomass with high PHA-storage capacity (up to 0.65 gPHA gVSS-1) while being 50% more efficient in terms of substrate to biomass conversion yields. We also show that such selection can occur on VFA-rich feedstock containing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in excess, whereas previously, selection of PHA-storing organisms in a single CSTR has only been studied under P limitation. We further found that microbial competition was mostly affected by nutrient availability (N and P) rather than by the reactor operation mode (CSTR vs. SBR). Similar microbial communities therefore developed in both selection reactors, while microbial communities were very different depending on N availability. Rhodobacteraceae gen. were most abundant when growth conditions were stable and N-limited, whereas dynamic N- (and P-) excess conditions favoured the selection of the known PHA-storer Comamonas, and led to the highest observed PHA-storage capacity. Overall, we demonstrate that biomass with high storage capacity can be selected in a simple CSTR on a wider range of feedstock than just P-limited ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Brison
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
- ETH Zürich, Institute of Environmental Engineering, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Rossi
- Central Environmental Laboratory, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Derlon
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, 8600 Dübendorf, Switzerland
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6
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Gutschmann B, Huang B, Santolin L, Thiele I, Neubauer P, Riedel SL. Native feedstock options for the polyhydroxyalkanoate industry in Europe: A review. Microbiol Res 2022; 264:127177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2022.127177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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AlMomani F, Shawaqfah M, Alsarayreh M, Khraisheh M, Hameed BH, Naqvi SR, Berkani M, Varjani S. Developing pretreatment methods to promote the production of biopolymer and bioethanol from residual algal biomass (RAB). ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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8
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Gottardo M, Bolzonella D, Adele Tuci G, Valentino F, Majone M, Pavan P, Battista F. Producing volatile fatty acids and polyhydroxyalkanoates from foods by-products and waste: A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 361:127716. [PMID: 35926558 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Dairy products, extra virgin olive oil, red and white wines are excellent food products, appreciated all around the world. Their productions generate large amounts of by-products which urge for recycling and valorization. Moreover, another abundant waste stream produced in urban context is the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Wastes (OFMSW), whose global annual capita production is estimated at 85 kg. The recent environmental policies encourage their exploitation in a biorefinery loop to produce Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). Typically, VFAs yields are high from cheese whey and OFMSW (0.55-0.90 gCOD_VFAs/gCOD), lower for Olive Mill and Winery Wastewaters. The VFAs conversion into PHAs can achieve values in the range 0.4-0.5 gPHA/gVSS for cheese whey and OFMSW, 0.6-0.7 gPHA/gVSS for winery wastewater, and 0.2-0.3 gPHA/gVSS for olive mill wastewaters. These conversion yields allowed to estimate a huge potential annual PHAs production of about 260 M tons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Gottardo
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Cà Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - David Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Via Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Giulia Adele Tuci
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Cà Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Cà Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Mauro Majone
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Pavan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Cà Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre-Venice, Italy
| | - Federico Battista
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Via Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy.
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9
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Sheldon RA, Brady D. Green Chemistry, Biocatalysis, and the Chemical Industry of the Future. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102628. [PMID: 35026060 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the movement to decarbonize our economy and move away from fossil fuels we will need to harness the waste products of our activities, such as waste lignocellulose, methane, and carbon dioxide. Our wastes need to be integrated into a circular economy where used products are recycled into a manufacturing carbon cycle. Key to this will be the recycling of plastics at the resin and monomer levels. Biotechnology is well suited to a future chemical industry that must adapt to widely distributed and diverse biological chemical feedstocks. Our increasing mastery of biotechnology is allowing us to develop enzymes and organisms that can synthesize a widening selection of desirable bulk chemicals, including plastics, at commercially viable productivities. Integration of bioreactors with electrochemical systems will permit new production opportunities with enhanced productivities and the advantage of using a low-carbon electricity from renewable and sustainable sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Sheldon
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Section BOC, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, Netherlands
| | - Dean Brady
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, 1 Jan Smuts Avenue, Braamfontein, Johannesburg, 2000, South Africa
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10
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Arun J, Vigneshwar SS, Swetha A, Gopinath KP, Basha S, Brindhadevi K, Pugazhendhi A. Bio-based algal (Chlorella vulgaris) refinery on de-oiled algae biomass cake: A study on biopolymer and biodiesel production. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 816:151579. [PMID: 34774934 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel bio-refinery concept was designed for efficient utilization of de-oiled algae cake as bio-resource for biopolymer (Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHB)) production and thereby making the biorefinery process more economical and sustainable by completely utilizing the algal biomass without the production of waste algal residues. Algal oil was extracted from Chlorella vulgaris biomass via Bligh and Dyer method for biodiesel production through parabolic solar trough collector. Maximum lipid yield was 27.5 wt% at a temperature of 45 °C with de-oiled cake (DC) yield of 0.37 g. Maximum algal oil conversion efficiency was 89% and 94% for 0.3 wt% of clam shell waste and commercial calcium oxide catalyst at 90 min. After a reaction time of 120 h, the glucose, soluble sugars, xylose, and arabinose in the DC was reduced by 53%, 21%, 63%, and 69% respectively. The maximum PHB yield was 0.41 g PHB/g DC. This study provides additional support for the algal refineries on sustainability and circular usage of algae biomass for production of multiple products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayaseelan Arun
- Center for Waste Management-'International Research Center', Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar (OMR), Chennai 603 119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sivakumar Shri Vigneshwar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College OF Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Authilingam Swetha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College OF Engineering, Kalavakkam 603110, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sakeenabi Basha
- Department of Community Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Taif University, PO box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kathirvel Brindhadevi
- Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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11
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Cao Q, Zhang W, Lian T, Wang S, Yin F, Zhou T, Zhang H, Zhu J, Dong H. Roles of micro-aeration on enhancing volatile fatty acids and lactic acid production from agricultural wastes. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 347:126656. [PMID: 34974096 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Micro-aeration was proven to be an environmentally friendly strategy for efficiently enhancing volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and lactic acid (LA) production. The roles of micro-aeration on mono-digestion of swine manure (SM) for VFAs production and co-digestion of SM with corn silage (CS) for LA production were investigated, respectively. In this study, micro-aeration increased the maximum VFAs concentration by 20.3% to 35.71 g COD/L, and shortened the time to reach the maximum from 18 days to 10 days. Micro-aeration limited the conversion of LA into VFAs, leading to LA accumulation effectively to be 26.08 g COD/L. Microbial community analysis suggested that Clostridium and Terrisporobacter were always the dominant bacteria with or without micro-aeration for VFAs production, but the relative abundance increased notably during the same period. However, Bifidobacterium, which could use the higher productivity metabolism pathway, i.e., Bifidum pathway to produce LA, increased from lower than 1% to 22.9% by micro-aeration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qitao Cao
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Wanqin Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Tianjing Lian
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Shunli Wang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Fubin Yin
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Tanlong Zhou
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Hongmin Dong
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China.
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12
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Cruz RAP, Oehmen A, Reis MAM. The impact of biomass withdrawal strategy on the biomass selection and polyhydroxyalkanoates accumulation of mixed microbial cultures. N Biotechnol 2022; 66:8-15. [PMID: 34450342 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by mixed microbial cultures (MMC) has been studied as an alternative to pure cultures in order to reduce the price of PHA through use of open systems and low-cost substrates, such as agro-industrial sub-products. However, the widespread applicability of this process depends on the optimization of operational factors impacting PHA productivity. This study addresses the impact of biomass withdrawal strategy on the performance of MMC selection reactors and consequently on biomass productivity and global PHA productivity. Two selection reactors were operated in parallel under similar conditions, except for the timing of biomass withdrawal, at the end of the famine phase (Reactor 1, R1) versus at the end of the feast phase (Reactor 2, R2) at an organic loading rate of 100 Cmmol.L-1.d-1 and solids retention time of 4 days. The biomass selected in both conditions had similar PHA storing capacity as shown by the similar yields of PHA per substrate obtained in the accumulation assays; however, R1 reached a higher biomass productivity (about 4-fold higher than R2). This study demonstrated that removing the excess biomass at the end of the famine phase resulted in a much higher global PHA productivity and that the key parameter affecting the global PHA productivity of the 2-stage system was the volumetric biomass productivity. Results obtained provide important insight into how MMC systems can be best operated to maximize PHA productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela A P Cruz
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Adrian Oehmen
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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13
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Papa G, Pepe Sciarria T, Scaglia B, Adani F. Diversifying the products from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) by producing polyhydroxyalkanoates from the liquid fraction and biomethane from the residual solid fraction. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 344:126180. [PMID: 34718126 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the diversification of products obtainable from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) by producing polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) from the liquid fraction and biomethane from the residual solid fraction. OFMSW samples were taken during the 2021 season from two full field scale plants treating wastes. After solid/liquid (S/L) separation, 80% of initial organic acids (OAs) were released in the liquid stream. OAs were then used as feed for PHA production and residual solid cakes were tested for biomethane production. Complete mass balance and energy balance were calculated. PHAs production was of 115 ± 23 (n = 6) g kg- 1 OFMSW (TS) and residual biomethane of 219 ± 3 g kg- 1 OFMSW TS, (n = 6). Energy balance indicated that nearly 40% of OFMSW energy was recovered as products. This value was lower than that obtained previously when AD was performed before OAs separation (i.e. 64%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Papa
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tommy Pepe Sciarria
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Scaglia
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla - DiSAA - Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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14
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Pinto-Ibieta F, Serrano A, Cea M, Ciudad G, Fermoso FG. Beyond PHA: Stimulating intracellular accumulation of added-value compounds in mixed microbial cultures. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 337:125381. [PMID: 34120059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This review compiled and analyzed the operational conditions (dissolved oxygen, feast and famine ratio, sequential batch reactor cycle length, organic loading rate (OLR), pH, C/N, and temperature) established during the feast and famine culture strategy for the mixed microbial cultures (MMC) selection to understand how these variables could affect the synthesis of polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyglucose, triacylglycerides, levulinic acid and adipic acid from non-fermented substrates. According to the reported information, the dissolved oxygen has a greater impact on the type and amount of produced compound. In a lesser extent, the OLR and the cycle length were identified to have an impact on the accumulation of polyhydroxyalkanoates, whose accumulation was favored at lower OLR and longer cycle lengths. Thereby, the information of this work will allow the design of future strategies for the simultaneous accumulation of compounds of interest other than the polyhydroxyalkanoates or understand the operational conditions that would optimize the polyhydroxyalkanoates production.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pinto-Ibieta
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Católica de Temuco, Casilla 15-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - A Serrano
- Instituto de la Grasa. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide- Ed. 46, Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, Seville 41013, Spain.
| | - M Cea
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - G Ciudad
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Instituto del Medio Ambiente (IMA), Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar #01145, Temuco, Chile
| | - F G Fermoso
- Instituto de la Grasa. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas. Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide- Ed. 46, Ctra. de Utrera, km. 1, Seville 41013, Spain
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15
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Mulders M, Tamis J, Stouten GR, Kleerebezem R. Simultaneous growth and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) accumulation in a Plasticicumulans acidivorans dominated enrichment culture. J Biotechnol 2021; 324S:100027. [PMID: 34154735 DOI: 10.1016/j.btecx.2020.100027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The wide variety of organic carbon to nitrogen and phosphorous ratios that are encountered in different wastewaters has a major impact on the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) accumulation potential of microbial communities. In this study we investigated the influence of the substrate composition in terms of the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) or phosphorus (C/P) ratio on the PHB accumulation performance. A multi-reactor set-up was used, enabling parallel experiments using identical inoculum of an enrichment culture dominated by Plasticicumulans acidivorans. In all experiments simultaneous PHB production and growth was observed. Generally, when trace amounts of growth nutrients were present the PHB production yield on substrate remained high for at least 12 h. Interestingly, from the carbon to nutrient ratio in the substrate, the PHB wt% could be accurately predicted in the accumulations. This study demonstrates that strict uncoupling of microbial growth and PHA accumulation is not required for achieving high cellular PHA-contents. Herewith the range of wastewaters that enable a cellular PHA content of 80 % or higher for at least 12 h is expanded to C:N and C:P-ratios exceeding COD:N of 26 gCOD:gNH4-N and COD:P of 511 gCOD:gPO4-P respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Mulders
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands.
| | - Jelmer Tamis
- Paques BV, Tjalke de Boerstritte 24, 8561 EL, Balk, the Netherlands
| | - Gerben Roelandt Stouten
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, the Netherlands
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16
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Martău GA, Unger P, Schneider R, Venus J, Vodnar DC, López-Gómez JP. Integration of Solid State and Submerged Fermentations for the Valorization of Organic Municipal Solid Waste. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7090766. [PMID: 34575805 PMCID: PMC8472611 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Solid state fermentation (SsF) is recognized as a suitable process for the production of enzymes using organic residues as substrates. However, only a few studies have integrated an evaluation of the feasibility of applying enzymes produced by SsF into subsequent hydrolyses followed by the production of target compounds, e.g., lactic acid (LA), through submerged-liquid fermentations (SmF). In this study, wheat bran (WB) was used as the substrate for the production of enzymes via SsF by Aspergillus awamori DSM No. 63272. Following optimization, cellulase and glucoamylase activities were 73.63 ± 5.47 FPU/gds and 107.10 ± 2.63 U/gdb after 7 days and 5 days of fermentation, respectively. Enzymes were then used for the hydrolysis of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). During hydrolysis, glucose increased considerably with a final value of 19.77 ± 1.56 g/L. Subsequently, hydrolysates were fermented in SmF by Bacillus coagulans A166 increasing the LA concentration by 15.59 g/L. The data reported in this study provides an example of how SsF and SmF technologies can be combined for the valorization of WB and OFMSW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe-Adrian Martău
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Peter Unger
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (P.U.); (R.S.); (J.V.)
| | - Roland Schneider
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (P.U.); (R.S.); (J.V.)
| | - Joachim Venus
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (P.U.); (R.S.); (J.V.)
| | - Dan Cristian Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (D.C.V.); (J.P.L.-G.); Tel.: +40-747-341881 (D.C.V.); +49-177-3940305 (J.P.L.-G.)
| | - José Pablo López-Gómez
- Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy, Max-Eyth-Allee 100, 14469 Potsdam, Germany; (P.U.); (R.S.); (J.V.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.V.); (J.P.L.-G.); Tel.: +40-747-341881 (D.C.V.); +49-177-3940305 (J.P.L.-G.)
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17
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Argiz L, Gonzalez-Cabaleiro R, Correa-Galeote D, Val del Rio A, Mosquera-Corral A. Open-culture biotechnological process for triacylglycerides and polyhydroxyalkanoates recovery from industrial waste fish oil under saline conditions. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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18
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Recent Advances in the Biosynthesis of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Lignocellulosic Feedstocks. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080807. [PMID: 34440551 PMCID: PMC8398495 DOI: 10.3390/life11080807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable polymers that are considered able to replace synthetic plastic because their biochemical characteristics are in some cases the same as other biodegradable polymers. However, due to the disadvantages of costly and non-renewable carbon sources, the production of PHA has been lower in the industrial sector against conventional plastics. At the same time, first-generation sugar-based cultivated feedstocks as substrates for PHA production threatens food security and considerably require other resources such as land and energy. Therefore, attempts have been made in pursuit of suitable sustainable and affordable sources of carbon to reduce production costs. Thus, in this review, we highlight utilising waste lignocellulosic feedstocks (LF) as a renewable and inexpensive carbon source to produce PHA. These waste feedstocks, second-generation plant lignocellulosic biomass, such as maize stoves, dedicated energy crops, rice straws, wood chips, are commonly available renewable biomass sources with a steady supply of about 150 billion tonnes per year of global yield. The generation of PHA from lignocellulose is still in its infancy, hence more screening of lignocellulosic materials and improvements in downstream processing and substrate pre-treatment are needed in the future to further advance the biopolymer sector.
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Roibás-Rozas A, Val Del Rio A, Hospido A, Mosquera-Corral A. Strategies for the valorisation of a protein-rich saline waste stream into polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 334:124964. [PMID: 33958271 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Saline Mussels Cooking Wastewater was valorised to produce PHA with Mixed Microbial Cultures (MMC). Due to the high protein content (1.8-5.7 g CODPROT/L), PHA accumulating capacity was below 10%, so several strategies were tested. In the acidification unit, Na(HCO3) was added, increasing protein conversion into Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) from 10.3% to 69.2% and subsequent PHA accumulation from 6.9 to 14.7%. In the enrichment unit, the incorporation of a settling stage after the feast phase provoked a shift in the proteins' oxidation from the feast to the famine phase, where the nitrogen released in the famine is used by the MMC for growth. This increased the biomass concentration and the tolerated COD (from 1.6 to 4.2 g VSS/L and from 2.2 to 4.38 g COD/L). Finally, varying the proteins/VFA ratio for MMC acclimation to proteins allowed increasing PHA accumulation from 8.8 to 41.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Roibás-Rozas
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain.
| | - Angeles Val Del Rio
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Almudena Hospido
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Anuska Mosquera-Corral
- CRETUS Institute, Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
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20
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Jayakrishnan U, Deka D, Das G. Regulation of volatile fatty acid accumulation from waste: Effect of inoculum pretreatment. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2021; 93:1019-1031. [PMID: 33259657 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The study investigates the implications of waste feedstock, inoculum origin, and pretreatment on volatile fatty acids accumulation (VFA). The acidogenic fermentation of the feedstocks, rice mill effluent (RME), and brewery effluent (BE) was studied using untreated and pretreated (cyclic heat-acid shock) brewery anaerobic sludge as inoculum. The pretreatment was successful in refining and stabilizing VFA production from the feedstocks. The fermentation of RME with pretreated sludge had an enhanced acetate yield of 0.37 ± 0.02 mgCOD/mgCOD, even to odd ratio of 20.97 ± 0.08 mg/mg and the highest butyrate yield of 0.39 ± 0.01 mgCOD/mgCOD compared to untreated system. The pretreated system had stability in COD and pH profile, while VFA content depends on the origin of inoculum. Pretreatment inhibited the carbon sinks and augmented acetate-butyrate type metabolism with stable performance. The fermentation of RME by pretreated sludge produced a higher even-numbered VFAs and enhanced even to odd ratio in comparison with fermentation of BE, thereby affecting polymer composition and property. PRACTITIONER POINTS: The pretreated system had stable acidification, chemical oxygen demand, and pH profile. The pretreated system had higher acetate and butyrate yield compared to the untreated system. Rice mill effluent acidified with pretreated sludge had the highest even to odd ratio, 20.97 mg/mg. The even to odd ratio for acidification of brewery effluent was insignificant. Pretreatment, the origin of sludge, and the effluent had a regulatory effect on acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Deepmoni Deka
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Gopal Das
- Centre for the Environment, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
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21
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Abstract
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are linear semicrystalline polyesters produced naturally by a wide range of microorganisms for carbon and energy storage. PHAs can be used as replacements for petroleum-based polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) in many industrial applications due to their biodegradability, excellent barrier, mechanical, and thermal properties. The overall industrial applications of PHAs are still very limited due to the high production cost and high stiffness and brittleness. Therefore, new novel cost-effective production method must be considered for the new generation of PHAs. One approach is based on using different type feedstocks and biowastes including food byproducts and industrial and manufacturing wastes, can lead to more competitive and cost-effective PHAs products. Modification of PHAs with different function groups such as carboxylic, hydroxyl, amine, epoxy, etc. is also a relatively new approach to create new functional materials with different industrial applications. In addition, blending PHA with biodegradable materials such as polylactide (PLA), poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), starch, and distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is another approach to address the drawbacks of PHAs and will be summarized in this chapter. A series of compatibilizers with different architectures were successfully synthesized and used to improve the compatibility and interfacial adhesion between PHAs and PCL. Finer morphology and significantly improvement in the mechanical properties of PHA/PCL blends were observed with a certain type of block compatibilizer. In addition, the improvement in the blend morphology and mechanical properties were found to be strongly influenced by the compatibilizer architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy A. Madbouly
- School of Engineering , Behrend College, Pennsylvania State University , Erie , PA 16563 , USA
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22
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Estévez-Alonso Á, Pei R, van Loosdrecht MCM, Kleerebezem R, Werker A. Scaling-up microbial community-based polyhydroxyalkanoate production: status and challenges. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 327:124790. [PMID: 33582521 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conversion of organic waste and wastewater to polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) offers a potential to recover valuable resources from organic waste. Microbial community-based PHA production systems have been successfully applied in the last decade at lab- and pilot-scales, with a total of 19 pilot installations reported in the scientific literature. In this review, research at pilot-scale on microbial community-based PHA production is categorized and subsequently analyzed with focus on feedstocks, enrichment strategies, yields of PHA on substrate, biomass PHA content and polymer characterization. From this assessment, the challenges for further scaling-up of microbial community-based PHA production are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Estévez-Alonso
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Ruizhe Pei
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Alan Werker
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
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23
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Wang K, Zhang R. Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) by Haloferax mediterranei from Food Waste Derived Nutrients for Biodegradable Plastic Applications. J Microbiol Biotechnol 2021; 31:338-347. [PMID: 33203825 PMCID: PMC9706037 DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2008.08057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are a family of microbial polyesters that are used as biodegradable plastics in replacement of conventional plastics for various applications. However, the high production cost is the barrier for PHA market expansion. This study aimed to utilize food waste as low-cost feedstock to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) by Haloferax mediterranei. The effects of acetate (Ac), propionate (Pr), butyrate (Bu), and the short-chain carboxylates derived from food waste were examined on the microbial growth and PHBV production. Results showed that a mixture of carboxylates provided a 55% higher PHBV yield than glucose. The food-waste-derived nutrients achieved the yields of 0.41 to 0.54 g PHBV/g Ac from initial loadings of 450 mg/l to 1,800 mg/l Ac of total carboxylates. And the consumption of individual carboxylate varied between different compositions of the carbon source. The present study demonstrates the potential of using food waste as feedstock to produce PHBV by Haloferax mediterranei, which can provide economic benefits to the current PHA industry. Meanwhile, it will also help promote organic waste reduction in landfills and waste management in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Wang
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Biological and Agricultural Engineering Department, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA,Corresponding author Phone: +1-530-754-9530 Fax: +1-530-752-2640 E-mail:
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24
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Diender M, Parera Olm I, Sousa DZ. Synthetic co-cultures: novel avenues for bio-based processes. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2021; 67:72-79. [PMID: 33517194 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In nature, microorganisms live in multi-species communities allowing microbial interactions. These interactions are lost upon establishing a pure culture, increasing the metabolic burden and limiting the metabolic potential of the isolated microbe. In the past years, synthetic microbial co-cultivation, using well-defined consortia of two or more microbes, was increasingly explored for innovative applications in biotechnology. As such, interspecies interactions take place without the complexity of an open mixed culture, minimizing undesired side reactions. Ultimately, synthetic co-cultivation allows to take well-characterized microbes 'off-the-shelf' to create ecosystems with improved process capabilities. This review highlights some of the recent developments on co-cultivation, focusing on waste-to-chemicals conversions. It also addresses fundamental knowledge on microbial interactions deriving from these studies, which is important to further develop our ability to engineer functional co-cultures for bioproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn Diender
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivette Parera Olm
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Z Sousa
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Leow S, Koehler AJ, Cronmiller LE, Huo X, Lahti GD, Li Y, Hafenstine GR, Vardon DR, Strathmann TJ. Vapor-phase conversion of aqueous 3-hydroxybutyric acid and crotonic acid to propylene over solid acid catalysts. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01152a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Vapor phase conversion of 3-hydroxybutyric and crotonic acid to propylene in a continuous-flow reactor over silica–alumina and niobium catalysts demonstrates a new strategy for producing renewable fuels and chemicals from wastewater carbon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijie Leow
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory, 205 N. Matthews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Andrew J. Koehler
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Lauren E. Cronmiller
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Xiangchen Huo
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Gabriella D. Lahti
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Yalin Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory, 205 N. Matthews Ave., Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Glenn R. Hafenstine
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Derek R. Vardon
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO 80401, USA
| | - Timothy J. Strathmann
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA
- Engineering Research Center for Re-inventing the Nation's Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIt), Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO 80401, USA
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26
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Recovery of Polyhydroxyalkanoates from Cooked Mussel Processing Wastewater at High Salinity and Acidic Conditions. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su122410386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are biodegradable polymers that can be intracellularly produced by microorganisms valorizing organic-rich wastes. In the present study, a PHA production system was fed with mussel cooker wastewater after acidogenic fermentation. Besides low pH (4.0 ± 0.3) and high salt (21.7 ± 2.9 g NaCl/L) concentrations, this wastewater also contained nitrogen concentrations (0.8 ± 0.1 g N/L), which were previously reported to be a challenge to the PHA accumulating bacteria enrichment. Bacteria with a PHA storage capacity were selected in an enrichment sequencing batch reactor (SBR) after 60 days of operation. The enriched mixed microbial culture (MMC) was mainly formed by microorganisms from phylum Bacteroidetes, and genera Azoarcus, Comamonas and Thauera from phylum Proteobacteria. The MMC was able to accumulate up to 25 wt% of PHA that was mainly limited by the wastewater nitrogen content, which promoted biomass growth instead of PHA accumulation. Indeed, when the presence of nutrient was limited, PHA stored in the accumulation reactor increased to up to 40.9 wt%. This work demonstrated the feasibility of the enrichment of a MMC with a PHA storage ability valorizing the fish-canning industrial wastewater at low pH, which is generally difficult to treat in wastewater treatment plants.
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Schmid M, Raschbauer M, Song H, Bauer C, Neureiter M. Effects of nutrient and oxygen limitation, salinity and type of salt on the accumulation of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) in Bacillus megaterium uyuni S29 with sucrose as a carbon source. N Biotechnol 2020; 61:137-144. [PMID: 33278638 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Due to high manufacturing costs, industrial production and application of bio-based polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) as bioplastics remain below the expected potential. Improving yields and productivities during biotechnological production will contribute to eliminating existing shortcomings and should therefore be a priority in process development with new strains and substrates. The present study investigates key parameters such as different nutrient and oxygen limitation strategies and the salinity and type of salt to determine their impact on growth and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P(3HB)) formation behaviour of Bacillus megaterium. The oxygen-limiting conditions applied resulted in a longer process duration and were found to be least effective with regard to P(3HB) content in the biomass. A higher P(3HB) content of 0.42 g g-1 was achieved when nitrogen was limited compared to 0.34 g g-1 under phosphate-limiting conditions; however, sucrose utilization was better when phosphate was limited. Replacing NaCl by KCl and evaluating different concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 1.7 mol L-1 in the process medium showed that B. megaterium has a higher tolerance to KCl as the biomass and P(3HB) formation was increased to 0.48 g g-1 compared to 0.36 g g-1. The combination of applying KCl instead of NaCl together with phosphorous limitation significantly increased P(3HB) productivity to 0.25 g L-1 h-1 compared to 0.09 g L-1 h-1. It can be concluded that the effective utilization of sucrose as a carbon source requires a combination of high nitrogen and low phosphorous concentration and a salt content of 0.6 g L-1 KCl for P(3HB) production with B. megaterium uyuni S29.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Schmid
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Michaela Raschbauer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Hyunjeong Song
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Cornelia Bauer
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Markus Neureiter
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
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Valentino F, Lorini L, Gottardo M, Pavan P, Majone M. Effect of the temperature in a mixed culture pilot scale aerobic process for food waste and sewage sludge conversion into polyhydroxyalkanoates. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Integrated and Consolidated Review of Plastic Waste Management and Bio-Based Biodegradable Plastics: Challenges and Opportunities. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12208360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cumulative plastic production worldwide skyrocketed from about 2 million tonnes in 1950 to 8.3 billion tonnes in 2015, with 6.3 billion tonnes (76%) ending up as waste. Of that waste, 79% is either in landfills or the environment. The purpose of the review is to establish the current global status quo in the plastics industry and assess the sustainability of some bio-based biodegradable plastics. This integrative and consolidated review thus builds on previous studies that have focused either on one or a few of the aspects considered in this paper. Three broad items to strongly consider are: Biodegradable plastics and other alternatives are not always environmentally superior to fossil-based plastics; less investment has been made in plastic waste management than in plastics production; and there is no single solution to plastic waste management. Some strategies to push for include: increasing recycling rates, reclaiming plastic waste from the environment, and bans or using alternatives, which can lessen the negative impacts of fossil-based plastics. However, each one has its own challenges, and country-specific scientific evidence is necessary to justify any suggested solutions. In conclusion, governments from all countries and stakeholders should work to strengthen waste management infrastructure in low- and middle-income countries while extended producer responsibility (EPR) and deposit refund schemes (DPRs) are important add-ons to consider in plastic waste management, as they have been found to be effective in Australia, France, Germany, and Ecuador.
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Melendez-Rodriguez B, Torres-Giner S, Lorini L, Valentino F, Sammon C, Cabedo L, Lagaron JM. Valorization of Municipal Biowaste into Electrospun Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) Biopapers for Food Packaging Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6110-6123. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Melendez-Rodriguez
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Sergio Torres-Giner
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Laura Lorini
- Department of Chemistry, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Chemistry, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Chris Sammon
- Materials and Engineering Research Institute, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, United Kingdom
| | - Luis Cabedo
- Polymers and Advanced Materials Group (PIMA), Universitat Jaume I (UJI), 12071 Castellón, Spain
| | - Jose Maria Lagaron
- Novel Materials and Nanotechnology Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology (IATA), Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), 46980 Paterna, Spain
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31
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Sheldon RA. Biocatalysis and biomass conversion: enabling a circular economy. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2020; 378:20190274. [PMID: 32623984 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2019.0274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This paper is based on a lecture presented to the Royal Society in London on 24 June 2019. Two of the grand societal and technological challenges of the twenty-first century are the 'greening' of chemicals manufacture and the ongoing transition to a sustainable, carbon neutral economy based on renewable biomass as the raw material, a so-called bio-based economy. These challenges are motivated by the need to eliminate environmental degradation and mitigate climate change. In a bio-based economy, ideally waste biomass, particularly agricultural and forestry residues and food supply chain waste, are converted to liquid fuels, commodity chemicals and biopolymers using clean, catalytic processes. Biocatalysis has the right credentials to achieve this goal. Enzymes are biocompatible, biodegradable and essentially non-hazardous. Additionally, they are derived from inexpensive renewable resources which are readily available and not subject to the large price fluctuations which undermine the long-term commercial viability of scarce precious metal catalysts. Thanks to spectacular advances in molecular biology the landscape of biocatalysis has dramatically changed in the last two decades. Developments in (meta)genomics in combination with 'big data' analysis have revolutionized new enzyme discovery and developments in protein engineering by directed evolution have enabled dramatic improvements in their performance. These developments have their confluence in the bio-based circular economy. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue 'Science to enable the circular economy'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger A Sheldon
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, P O Wits 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Biotechnology, Section BOC, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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32
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Tu W, Zou Y, Wu M, Wang H. Reducing the effect of non-volatile fatty acids (non-VFAs) on polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from fermented thermal-hydrolyzed sludge. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 155:1317-1324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.11.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Sabapathy PC, Devaraj S, Meixner K, Anburajan P, Kathirvel P, Ravikumar Y, Zabed HM, Qi X. Recent developments in Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production - A review. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 306:123132. [PMID: 32220472 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are inevitably a key biopolymer that has the potential to replace the conventional petrochemical based plastics that pose jeopardy to the environment globally. Even then the reach of PHA in the common market is so restricted. The economy of PHA is such that, even after several attempts the overall production cost seems to be high and this very factor surpasses PHAs usage when compared to the conventional polymers. The major focus of the review relies on the synthesis of PHA from Mixed Microbial Cultures (MMCs), through a 3-stage process most probably utilizing feedstocks from waste streams or models that mimic them. Emphasis was given to the works carried out in the past decade and their coherence with each and every individual criteria (Aeration, Substrate and bioprocess parameters) such that to understand their effect in enhancing the overall production of PHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poorna Chandrika Sabapathy
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Sabarinathan Devaraj
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Katharina Meixner
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Department of Agrobiotechnology, Institute of Environmental Biotechnology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 20, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Parthiban Anburajan
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Preethi Kathirvel
- Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu 641046, India
| | - Yuvaraj Ravikumar
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Hossain M Zabed
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China
| | - Xianghui Qi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province 212013, China.
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Recent advances in polyhydroxyalkanoate production: Feedstocks, strains and process developments. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 156:691-703. [PMID: 32315680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have been actively studied in academia and industry for their properties comparable to petroleum-derived plastics and high biocompatibility. However, the major limitation for commercialization is their high cost. Feedstock costs, especially carbon costs, account for the majority of the final cost. Finding cheap feedstocks for PHA production and associated process development are critical for a cost-effective PHA production. In this study, waste materials from different sources, particularly lignocellulosic biomass, were proposed as suitable feedstocks for PHA production. Strains involved in the conversion of these feedstocks into PHA were reviewed. Newly isolated strains were emphasized. Related process development, including the factors that affect PHA production, fermentation modes and downstream processing, was elaborated upon.
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35
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Moretto G, Russo I, Bolzonella D, Pavan P, Majone M, Valentino F. An urban biorefinery for food waste and biological sludge conversion into polyhydroxyalkanoates and biogas. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 170:115371. [PMID: 31835138 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the application of the concept of circular economy, with the creation of added-value marketable products and energy from organic waste while minimizing environmental impacts. Within this purpose, an urban biorefinery technology chain has been developed at pilot scale in the territorial context of the Treviso municipality (northeast Italy) for the production of biopolymers (polyhydroxyalkanoates, PHAs) and biogas from waste of urban origin. The piloting system (100-380 L) comprised the following units: a) acidogenic fermentation of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) and biological sludge; b) two solid/liquid separation steps consisting of a coaxial centrifuge and a tubular membrane (0.2 μm porosity); c) a Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) for aerobic PHA-storing biomass production; d) aerobic fed-batch PHA accumulation reactor and e) Anaerobic co-digestion (ACoD). The thermal pre-treatment (72 °C, 48 h) of the feedstock enhanced the solubilization of the organic matter, which was converted into volatile fatty acids (VFAs) in batch mode under mesophilic fermentation conditions (37 °C). The VFA content increased up to 30 ± 3 g COD/L (overall yield 0.65 ± 0.04 g CODVFA/g VS(0)), with high CODVFA/CODSOL (0.86 ± 0.05). The high CODVFA/CODSOL ratio enhanced the PHA-storing biomass selection in the SBR by limiting the growth of the non-storing microbial population. Under fully aerobic feast-famine regime, the selection reactor was continuously operated for 6 months at an average organic loading rate (OLR) of 4.4 ± 0.6 g COD/L d and hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1 day (equal to SRT). The ACoD process (HRT 15 days, OLR 3.0-3.5 kg VS/m3 d) allowed to recover the residual solid-rich overflows generated by the two solid/liquid separation units with the production of biogas (SGP 0.44-0.51 m3/kg VS) and digestate. An overall yield of 7.6% wt PHA/VS(0) has been estimated from the mass balance. In addition, a preliminary insight into potential social acceptance and barriers regarding organic waste-derived products was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Moretto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170, Venezia, Mestre, Italy
| | - Ivan Russo
- Department of Business Administration, University of Verona, Via Cantarane 24, Verona, 37129, Italy
| | - David Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Pavan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170, Venezia, Mestre, Italy
| | - Mauro Majone
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
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Naresh Kumar A, Chatterjee S, Hemalatha M, Althuri A, Min B, Kim SH, Venkata Mohan S. Deoiled algal biomass derived renewable sugars for bioethanol and biopolymer production in biorefinery framework. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 296:122315. [PMID: 31706890 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The present study is designed to evaluate the potential of deoiled algal biomass (DAB) residue as an alternative resource for the production of bioethanol and biopolymers in a biorefinery approach. Hybrid pretreatment method resulted in higher sugar solubilization (0.590 g/g DAB) than the corresponding individual physicochemical (0.481 g/g DAB) and enzymatic methods (0.484 g/g DAB). Subsequent utilization of sugars from hybrid pretreatment for bioethanol using Saccharomyces cerevisiaeresulted in maximum bioethanol production at pH 5.5 (0.145 ± 0.008 g/g DAB) followed by pH 5.0 (0.122 ± 0.004 g/g DAB) and pH 6.0 (0.102 ± 0.002 g/g DAB). The experiments for biopolymer (PHB: polyhydroxybutyrate) production resulted in 0.43 ± 0.20 g PHB/g DCW. Extracted polymer on NMR and FT-IR analysis showed the presence of PHB. Exploration of DAB as an alternative renewable resource for multiple biobased products supports sustainability and also enables entirety use of DAB by addressing the DAB-residue allied disposal issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Naresh Kumar
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sulogna Chatterjee
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Manupati Hemalatha
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Campus, Hyderabad, India
| | - Avanthi Althuri
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India
| | - Booki Min
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - S Venkata Mohan
- Bioengineering and Environmental Sciences Lab, Department of Energy and Environmental Engineering, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT), Hyderabad, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology (CSIR-IICT) Campus, Hyderabad, India; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Seocheon-dong, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do 446-701, Republic of Korea.
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37
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Cheah YK, Vidal-Antich C, Dosta J, Mata-Álvarez J. Volatile fatty acid production from mesophilic acidogenic fermentation of organic fraction of municipal solid waste and food waste under acidic and alkaline pH. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:35509-35522. [PMID: 31111388 PMCID: PMC6923264 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05394-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This study is focused on the effects of pH on the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and their distribution through the acidogenic fermentation of source-sorted organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW) from a mechanical-biological treatment (MBT) plant, and food waste (FW) from a university canteen. In semi-continuous lab-scale digesters using OFMSW at a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.5 days under acidic conditions (pH 6.0), the VFA concentration in the effluent increased to 9.8-11.5 g L-1 (VS content of the feedstock between 4.2 and 5.2% w/w), while its individual VFA profiling was similar to the influent which was already pre-fermented (namely, C2 35-41%, C3 18-22%, C4 17-21%, and C5 9-12%). When working with the same conditions but using FW as feedstock, an effluent with a VFA concentration up to 11.5 g VFA L-1 (FW with a VS content of 5.5% w/w) and a stable distribution of C2 and C4 acids (up to 60.3% and 12.9%, respectively) but with very low quantities of C3 and C5 acids (lower than 1.8 and 2.7%, respectively) was obtained. Anaerobic batch tests using FW revealed that alkaline pH near 9 could lead to higher VFA production with high acetic acid content when compared to pH 6. In the semi-continuous fermenters working at alkaline conditions (pH 9.5-10) using OFMSW and FW, an enhanced solubilization of organic matter was registered with respect to the fermenters working under acidic conditions. This fact was not reflected in a higher VFA production when using OFMSW as feedstock, probably due to free ammonia inhibition, since OFMSW was mixed in the MBT plant with supernatant from anaerobic digestion of this biowaste. However, when using FW, alkaline conditions lead to an enhanced VFA production with respect to the reactor working under acidic conditions, being acetic acid the predominant product, which represented up to 91% of the VFA spectrum obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Keong Cheah
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Carme Vidal-Antich
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Dosta
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Joan Mata-Álvarez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Water Research Institute, University of Barcelona, 08001, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Tu W, Zhang D, Wang H, Lin Z. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from fermented thermal-hydrolyzed sludge by PHA-storing denitrifiers integrating PHA accumulation with nitrate removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121895. [PMID: 31398550 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production from fermented thermal-hydrolyzed sludge was conducted by mixed microbial cultures (MMCs) in the study. An MMC enriched in the species Brachymonas_denitrificans (60.18%) was selected under an aerobic feast/famine regime, which is capable of denitrification and accumulating PHA. To take advantage of the PHA-storing denitrifiers, an aerobic-feast/anoxic-famine regime was applied to integrate culture selection with denitrification. The results showed that cultures enriched under the regime exhibited a PHA storage capacity with PHA yield on VFA of 0.47 gCOD/gCOD and well denitrification performance achieving nitrate removal of 98%. Moreover, the aerobic-feast/anoxic-famine regime could originate a comparable maximum PHA content to the complete aerobic feast/famine regime (49.7 wt% versus. 47.1 wt%, respectively), yet reduce aeration energy input by 79% in the culture selection process. Finally, this study investigated the accumulation of nitrite and nitrous oxide during PHA based denitrification and the feasibility of integrating the process with wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Tu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ziyu Lin
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Crognale S, Tonanzi B, Valentino F, Majone M, Rossetti S. Microbiome dynamics and phaC synthase genes selected in a pilot plant producing polyhydroxyalkanoate from the organic fraction of urban waste. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 689:765-773. [PMID: 31280158 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study analyses the bacterial population dynamics of a mixed microbial community (MMC) selected in a pilot plant producing polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) from the fermentation of the organic fraction of urban waste (OFMSW) and sewage sludge (SS). 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing revealed the occurrence of a variety of PHA accumulating bacteria that ensured a stable PHA production in an open system operating with real substrates and without temperature control. The Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) changes in the feed and the temperature variation affected the dynamics of the PHA-accumulating bacteria over the plant operation. Remarkably, the higher PHA content was associated to a MMC largely comprising of Hydrogenophaga species during the operation at higher working temperature. The involvement of a heterogeneous PHA-accumulating MMC was associated with a high phaC synthase genes biodiversity confirming the occurrence of a functional redundancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Crognale
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Tonanzi
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Majone
- Department of Chemistry, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Rossetti
- Water Research Institute, National Research Council of Italy (IRSA - CNR), Via Salaria, km 29.300, Monterotondo, 00015 Rome, Italy.
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Valentino F, Moretto G, Lorini L, Bolzonella D, Pavan P, Majone M. Pilot-Scale Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production from Combined Treatment of Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste and Sewage Sludge. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Valentino
- Department of Chemistry, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Moretto
- Department of Environmental Science, Informatics and Statistics, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Laura Lorini
- Department of Chemistry, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - David Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Pavan
- Department of Environmental Science, Informatics and Statistics, Via Torino 155, 30170 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - Mauro Majone
- Department of Chemistry, “La Sapienza” University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Moretto G, Valentino F, Pavan P, Majone M, Bolzonella D. Optimization of urban waste fermentation for volatile fatty acids production. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 92:21-29. [PMID: 31160023 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The problem of waste disposal has recently focused on practices for waste recycling and bio-resources valorization. Organic waste produced in urban context together with biological sludge produced in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) can be used as renewable feedstock for the production of building blocks of different products, from biopolymers to methyl esters. This paper deals with the optimization of the fermentation process in order to transform urban organic waste (a mixture of pre-treated food waste and biological sludge) into added-value volatile fatty acid (VFA) rich stream, useful for biological processes within a biorefinery technology chain. Different temperatures, pH, hydraulic retention times (HRTs) and organic loading rates (OLRs) were tested both in batch and continuous trials. Batch tests showed the best working conditions at 37 °C and pH 9, using the bio-waste feedstock thermally pre-treated (76 h at 72 °C). These conditions were applied in continuous process, where higher HRT (6.0 d) and lower OLR [7.7 kg VS/(m3 d)] gave the best performances in terms of process yield and maximum VFA level achieved: 0.77 CODVFA/VS(0) and 39 g CODVFA/L. An optimized fermentation process is crucial in a biorefinery perspective since it has to give a final stream of constant composition or tailored products suitable for further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Moretto
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Dorsoduro 3246, 30123 Venice, Italy
| | - Francesco Valentino
- Department of Chemistry, La Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Pavan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Dorsoduro 3246, 30123 Venice, Italy
| | - Mauro Majone
- Department of Chemistry, La Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - David Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
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Liao Q, Guo L, Ran Y, Gao M, She Z, Zhao Y, Liu Y. Optimization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) synthesis with heat pretreated waste sludge. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 82:15-25. [PMID: 30509577 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the cost of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production and disposal amount of waste sludge simultaneously, the feasibility of using different heat pretreated sludge (60 °C, 80 °C, 100 °C, 120 °C) as external carbon source to synthesize PHA was examined in this study. The maximal PHA accumulation (24.1% of the dry cell weight) was achieved with 60 °C pretreated waste sludge, with the utilization efficiency of COD, proteins, carbohydrate and VFAs were 74.3%, 82.3%,47.2%,81.4%, respectively. Both of VFAs and non VFAs organics could be used as carbon source for PHA synthesis. The results of kinetic parameter analysis showed that the highest PHA production rate (0.23 mg COD/mg X·h) and the PHA conversion rate (0.46 mg COD/mg COD) all occurred when using 60 °C pretreated waste sludge. In order to further investigate the utilization of sludge carbon source for PHA synthesis, the three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) spectroscopy with fluorescence regional integration (FRI) analysis were introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Liao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Liang Guo
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China.
| | - Yihe Ran
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Mengchun Gao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Zonglian She
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yangguo Zhao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
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Rodriguez-Perez S, Serrano A, Pantión AA, Alonso-Fariñas B. Challenges of scaling-up PHA production from waste streams. A review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2018; 205:215-230. [PMID: 28987985 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The search for new materials that replace fossil fuel-based plastics has been focused on biopolymers with similar physicochemical properties to fossil fuel-based plastics, such as Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA). The present paper reviews the challenges of scaling-up PHA production from waste streams during the period from 2014 to 2016, focusing on the feasibility of the alternatives and the most promising alternatives to its scaling-up. The reviewed research studies mainly focus on reducing costs or obtaining more valuable polymers. In the future, the integration of PHA production into processes such as wastewater treatment plants, hydrogen production or biodiesel factories could enhance its implementation at industrial scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Rodriguez-Perez
- Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ed. 22 Ctra. deUtrera, km. 1, Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Serrano
- Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Ed. 46, Ctra. deUtrera, km. 1, Seville, Spain
| | - Alba A Pantión
- The University of Seville, Higher Technical School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Camino de losDescubrimientos, s/n, Seville, Spain
| | - Bernabé Alonso-Fariñas
- The University of Seville, Higher Technical School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Camino de losDescubrimientos, s/n, Seville, Spain.
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Korkakaki E, van Loosdrecht MCM, Kleerebezem R. Impact of phosphate limitation on PHA production in a feast-famine process. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 126:472-480. [PMID: 29024909 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Double-limitation systems have shown to induce polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production in chemostat studies limited in e.g. carbon and phosphate. In this work the impact of double substrate limitation on the enrichment of a PHA producing community was studied in a sequencing batch process. Enrichments at different C/P concentration ratios in the influent were established and the effect on the PHA production capacity and the enrichment community structure was investigated. Experimental results demonstrated that when a double substrate limitation is imposed at a C/P ratio in the influent in a range of 150 (C-mol/mol), the P-content of the biomass and the specific substrate uptake rates decreased. Nonetheless, the PHA storage capacity remained high (with a maximum of 84 wt%). At a C/P ratio of 300, competition in the microbial community is based on phosphate uptake, and the PHA production capacity is lost. Biomass specific substrate uptake rates are a linear function of the cellular P-content, offering advantages for scaling-up the PHA production process due to lower oxygen requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouela Korkakaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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Overall process of using a valerate-dominant sludge hydrolysate to produce high-quality polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) in a mixed culture. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6939. [PMID: 28761106 PMCID: PMC5537348 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07154-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The overall process of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) production in a mixed culture fed by thermophilic fermented valerate-dominant sludge hydrolysate with high-level soluble organics (proteins and carbohydrates) and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) was investigated in this study. The valerate-dominant hydrolysate was fed to enrich a PHA culture with an increasing concentration, and the enriched culture displayed a strong PHA-producing capacity under feast-famine conditions. Valerate in the feedstock was preferentially utilized over acetate and butyrate, and its uptake correlated with the production of 3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) and 3-hydroxy-2-methylvalerate (3H2MV). The maximum PHA content (42.31%) was highest to date in a mixed culture with complex feedstock, and the PHA consisted of 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB), 3HV, 3H2MV at 68.4, 23.7, 7.9 mmol C%. PHA production was inhibited when the nutrients exceeded a certain limit. Microbial analysis revealed that valerate-dominant feedstock caused Delftia (53%) to become the prevailing group over other PHA-producing bacteria. For long-term operation, 75% of the biomass at the end of feast phase was collected for PHA recovery, and the entire process exhibited a potential to produce 5 g PHA from 1 kg sludge. These findings indicate that the complex valerate-dominant sludge hydrolysate can be used to stably produce PHA containing high 3HV and 3H2MV.
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Luongo V, Ghimire A, Frunzo L, Fabbricino M, d'Antonio G, Pirozzi F, Esposito G. Photofermentative production of hydrogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate from dark fermentation products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 228:171-175. [PMID: 28063359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to investigate the hydrogen and poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) production during the photofermentative treatment of the effluent from a dark fermentation reactor fed with the organic fraction of municipal solid waste. Two different inocula, an adapted culture of Rhodobacter sphaeroides AV1b and a mixed consortium of purple non sulphur bacteria have been investigated under the same operational conditions. Different hydrogen productivities of 364 and 559NmL H2 L-1 were observed for the Rhodobacter sphaeroides and the mixed culture consortium tests, respectively: the consortium of PNSB resulted 1.5-fold more productive than the pure culture. On the other hand, Rhodobacter sphaeroides culture showed a higher PHB productivity (155mg PHB g COD-1) than the mixed culture (55mg PHB g COD-1). In all the tests, the concomitant H2 and PHB production was associated to a dissolved COD removal higher than 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenzo Luongo
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy; Department of Mathematics and Applications Renato Caccioppoli, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia, Monte S. Angelo, 80124 Naples, Italy.
| | - Anish Ghimire
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kathmandu University, P.O.Box 6250, Dhulikhel, Nepal
| | - Luigi Frunzo
- Department of Mathematics and Applications Renato Caccioppoli, University of Naples Federico II, via Cintia, Monte S. Angelo, 80124 Naples, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Fabbricino
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe d'Antonio
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Pirozzi
- Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Naples Federico II, via Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Esposito
- Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, via Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy
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Colombo B, Favini F, Scaglia B, Sciarria TP, D’Imporzano G, Pognani M, Alekseeva A, Eisele G, Cosentino C, Adani F. Enhanced polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste by using mixed microbial culture. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:201. [PMID: 28852422 PMCID: PMC5567430 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0888-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Europe, almost 87.6 million tonnes of food waste are produced. Despite the high biological value of food waste, traditional management solutions do not consider it as a precious resource. Many studies have reported the use of food waste for the production of high added value molecules. Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) represent a class of interesting bio-polyesters accumulated by different bacterial cells, and has been proposed for production from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Nevertheless, until now, no attention has been paid to the entire biological process leading to the transformation of food waste to organic acids (OA) and then to PHA, getting high PHA yield per food waste unit. In particular, the acid-generating process needs to be optimized, maximizing OA production from OFMSW. To do so, a pilot-scale Anaerobic Percolation Biocell Reactor (100 L in volume) was used to produce an OA-rich percolate from OFMSW which was used subsequently to produce PHA. RESULTS The optimized acidogenic process resulted in an OA production of 151 g kg-1 from fresh OFMSW. The subsequent optimization of PHA production from OA gave a PHA production, on average, of 223 ± 28 g kg-1 total OA fed. Total mass balance indicated, for the best case studied, a PHA production per OFMSW weight unit of 33.22 ± 4.2 g kg-1 from fresh OFMSW, corresponding to 114.4 ± 14.5 g kg-1 of total solids from OFMSW. PHA composition revealed a hydroxybutyrate/hydroxyvalerate (%) ratio of 53/47 and Mw of 8∙105 kDa with a low polydispersity index, i.e. 1.4. CONCLUSIONS This work showed how by optimizing acidic fermentation it could be possible to get a large amount of OA from OFMSW to be then transformed into PHA. This step is important as it greatly affects the total final PHA yield. Data obtained in this work can be useful as the starting point for considering the economic feasibility of PHA production from OFMSW by using mixed culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Colombo
- Gruppo Ricicla labs-DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Favini
- Gruppo Ricicla labs-DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Scaglia
- Gruppo Ricicla labs-DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tommy Pepè Sciarria
- Gruppo Ricicla labs-DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giuliana D’Imporzano
- Gruppo Ricicla labs-DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Pognani
- Gruppo Ricicla labs-DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Alekseeva
- Centro Alta Tecnologia Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni Srl, Via Colombo 81, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Eisele
- Centro Alta Tecnologia Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni Srl, Via Colombo 81, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Cesare Cosentino
- Istituto di Ricerche Chimiche e Biochimiche G. Ronzoni, Via Colombo 81, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Adani
- Gruppo Ricicla labs-DiSAA-Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
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Korkakaki E, van Loosdrecht MCM, Kleerebezem R. Survival of the fastest: Selective removal of the side population for enhanced PHA production in a mixed substrate enrichment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:1022-1029. [PMID: 27343455 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The success of enriching PHA-producers in a feast/famine regime strongly depends on the substrate utilized. A distinction can be made between substrates that select for PHA-producers (e.g. volatile fatty acids) and substrates that select for growing organisms (e.g. methanol). In this study the feasibility of using such a mixed substrate was evaluated. A sedimentation step was introduced in the cycle after acetate depletion and the supernatant containing methanol was discharged. This process configuration resulted in an increased maximum PHA storage capacity of the biomass from 48wt% to 70wt%. A model based on the experimental results indicated that the length of the pre-settling period and the supernatant volume that is discharged play a significant role for the elimination of the side population. However, the kinetic properties of the two different populations determine the success of the proposed strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouela Korkakaki
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mark C M van Loosdrecht
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Robbert Kleerebezem
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands.
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