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Miao R, Ran H, Yang Y, Li Y, Ma Z, Lv Y, Meng X, He M, Wang L. In situ acid production by organic matter induced with trace homogeneous Fenton reagent for membrane fouling control. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121752. [PMID: 38761591 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
The homogeneous Fenton process involves both coagulation and oxidation, but it requires added acidity, so it is rarely used to control membrane fouling. This work found that the pH of neutral simulated wastewater sharply declined to 4.1 after pre-treatment with 0.1 mM Fenton reagent (Fe2+:H2O2=1:1) without added acidity. This occurred mainly because the trace homogeneous Fenton reagent induced in situ acid production by organic matter in the wastewater, which supplied the acidic conditions required for the Fenton reaction and ensured that the reaction could proceed continuously. Then, oxidation during the pre-Fenton process enhanced the electrostatic repulsion forces and effectively weakened the hydrogen bonds of organic matter at the membrane surface by altering the net charge and hydroxyl content of organic matter, while coagulation caused the foulants to gather and form large aggregates. These changes diminished the deposition of foulants onto the membrane surface and resulted in a looser fouling layer, which eventually caused the membrane fouling rate to decline from 83 % to 24 % and the flux recovery rate to increase from 44 % to 98 % during 2 h of filtration. This membrane fouling mitigation ability is much superior to that of pre-H2O2, pre-Fe2+ or pre-Fe3+ processes with equivalent doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Haoxue Ran
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yifan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhuowen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yongtao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xiaorong Meng
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Miaolu He
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China.
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Bai Y, Wang RN, Wu YH, Xue S, Chen Z, Hu HY. Critical fractions in reclaimed water responsible for membrane fouling: Isolation, fouling characteristics, quantitative and qualitative variations in practical application. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 915:169822. [PMID: 38185154 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Considering the different fouling characteristics between model foulants and organic components in real reclaimed water, it is of great importance to identify the critical foulants responsible for membrane fouling. This study identified and isolated the fraction with molecular weight (MW) > 100 kDa as the critical foulant in secondary effluent by MW cut-off membrane of 100 kDa with high efficiency. This fraction accounted for 92.2% membrane fouling of raw water, including 28.7%, 29.7% and 33.8% fouling contribution by subfractions with MW between 100-300, 300-500 and > 500 kDa. Specifically, the critical fraction with MW > 100 kDa were mainly distributed in two parts: < 0.22 μm and > 0.45 μm, corresponding to 41.9% and 56.9% fouling contribution of this fraction. Furthermore, both total organic carbon (TOC) and fouling potential of fraction with MW > 100 kDa were monitored, presenting about threefold increase from September to January in next year. Membrane fouling contribution of this critical fraction in raw secondary effluent were mainly distributed in 85∼95% throughout the 5 months, demonstrating its predominant fouling propensity. Moreover, the TOC concentration of fraction with MW > 100 kDa presented distinct positive correlation with the fouling potential of raw secondary effluent (R2 = 0.947), which was promising to be a surrogate for predicting membrane fouling in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bai
- School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China
| | - Rui-Ning Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Song Xue
- CSCEC SCIMEE Sci.& Tech. Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610045, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Jiangsu, Suzhou 215163, PR China
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3
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Wu X, Li Y, Su Z, Tian L, Siddique MS, Yu W. Less pressure contributes to gravity-driven membrane ultrafiltration with greater performance: Enhanced driving efficiency and reduced disinfection by-products formation potential. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:407-419. [PMID: 37980026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Gravity-driven membrane (GDM) systems have been well developed previously; however, impacts of driving (i.e., transmembrane) pressure on their performance received little attention, which may influence GDM performance. In this study, we evaluated 4 GDM systems via altering the transmembrane pressure from 50 mbar to 150 mbar with 2 groups, treating surface water in Beijing, China. Results showed that less driving pressure was more favorable. Specifically, compared to groups (150 mbar), groups under a pressure of 50 mbar were found to have greater normalized permeability and lower total resistance. During the whole operation period, the quality of effluents was gradually improved. For example, the removal efficiency of UV254 was significantly improved; particularly, under low driving pressure, the removal efficiency of UV254 in PES GDM system increased by 11.91%, as compared to the corresponding system under high driving pressure. This observation was consistent with the reduction on disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation potential; groups under 50 mbar achieved better DBPs potential control, indicating the advantages of lower driving pressure. Biofilms were analyzed and responsible for these differences, and distinct distributions of bacteria communities of two GDM systems under 50 and 150 mbar may be responsible for various humic-like substances removal efficiency. Overall, GDM systems under less pressure should be considered and expected to provide suggestions on the design of GDM systems in real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Wu
- Colleges of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yufei Li
- Colleges of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Zhaoyang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Long Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Muhammad Saboor Siddique
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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Huang X, Chen K, Zhang Z, Pang H, Huang X, Yang J, Wang X, Lu J. Continuation of a cleaning process: Application of MNBs-coagulation process to mitigate ultrafiltration membrane fouling. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 250:121032. [PMID: 38157598 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.121032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The MNBs-coagulation process as a novel and cleaning enhanced coagulation process has been demonstrated to enhance the removal efficiency of hydrophilic organics. In this study, while continuing the concept of cleaning production, the MNBs-coagulation process was first applied to the ultrafiltration process and was expected to alleviate the ultrafiltration membrane fouling. This study investigated the effect of the involvement of MNBs in coagulation-ultrafiltration process (the MC-UF process) on the fouling behaviour of ultrafiltration membrane based on the calculation of membrane resistance distribution and the fitting of membrane fouling model. In addition, the NOM removal efficiency, floc characteristics analysis and membrane hydrophilicity analysis were used to illustrate the mechanism of mitigating ultrafiltration mebrane fouling by the MC-UF process. The experimental results showed that the involvement of MNBs in the coagulation-ultrafiltration process was able to reduce the irreversible fouling and TMP by 43.1 % and 41.6 % respectively. This phenomenon could be attributed to the involvement of MNBs in the coagulation process to improve the removal efficiency of hydrophilic organics and to enhance the characteristics of flocs, thus reducing the possibility of hydrophilic organics and broken flocs entering and blocking the membrane pores. In addition, the FT-IR spectral changes before and after the floc breakage were analyzed by 2D-COS technique in this study, and it was found for the first time that the participation of MNBs in the coagulation process could change the sequence of functional group transformation within the floc, and promote the generation of hydrogen bonds between flocs by hindering the generation of hydroxyl groups (-OH), and improve the shear resistance and regrowth capacity of flocs while reducing the possibility of broken flocs entering and blocking membrane pores. In summary, the MC-UF process proposed in this study can significantly mitigate ultrafiltration membrane fouling while meeting cleaning production, providing theoretical support for the application of the process to practical engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Kunyu Chen
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Heliang Pang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xingxing Huang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Jinsuo Lu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Building in West China, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
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Zhao F, Zhou Z. Coupling pretreatment of ultraviolet/ferrate (UV/Fe(vi)) for improving the ultrafiltration of natural surface water. RSC Adv 2024; 14:1360-1366. [PMID: 38174279 PMCID: PMC10763611 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra05582e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Ultrafiltration (UF) is a high-potential technology for purifying natural surface water; however, the problem of membrane fouling has limited its widespread application. Herein, ultraviolet (UV)-activated ferrate (Fe(vi)) was used to purify natural surface water and improve the performance of the UF membrane. The combination of UV and Fe(vi) could generate active species (Fe(v), Fe(iv), ˙OH and O2˙-) to degrade pollutants, while the in situ produced Fe(iii) had the effect of coagulation. With the above action, pollutants were removed, and the pollution load of natural surface water was reduced. After treatment with the UV/Fe(vi) system, dissolved organic carbon was reduced by 49.38%, while UV254 was reduced by 45.00%. The removal rate was further increased to 54.88% and 51.67% after UF treatment. In addition, the fluorescent organics were reduced by 44.22%, and the molecular weight of the organics became smaller. In the stage of UF, the terminal J/J0 was increased from 0.61 to 0.92, and the membrane fouling resistance was decreased by 85.94%. The analysis of the membrane fouling mechanism indicates that the role of cake filtration was weakened among all the mechanisms. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that less pollutants were accumulated on the membrane surface, and scanning electron microscopy revealed that the membrane pore blockage was relieved. In summary, the UV/Fe(vi) co-treatment process proposed in this study can significantly improve the purification efficiency of the UF systems in natural surface water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuwang Zhao
- School of Energy and Environment, Zhong Yuan University of Technology Zhengzhou 450007 China
| | - Zhiwei Zhou
- College of Architecture & Civil Engineering, Faculty of Urban Construction, Beijing University of Technology Beijing 100124 China
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Khan IA, Kim JO. Role of inorganic foulants in the aging and deterioration of low-pressure membranes during the chemical cleaning process in surface water treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 341:140073. [PMID: 37689156 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Low-pressure membrane (LPM) filtration, including microfiltration (MF) and ultrafiltration (UF), is a promising technology for the treatment of surface water for drinking and other purposes. Various configurations and operational sequences have been developed to ensure the sustainable provision of clean water by overcoming fouling problems. In the literature, various periodic physical and/or chemical approaches to the cleaning of LPMs have been reported, but little data is available on the aging of MF/UF membranes that results from the interaction between the foulants and the cleaning agent. Periodic physical cleaning of the membrane is expected to return the membrane to its original performance capacity, but it only recovers to a certain level because the remaining foulants cause irreversible fouling. Chemical cleaning can then be employed to recover the membrane from this irreversible fouling but, in the process, it can cause irrecoverable damage to the membrane. In this review, the foulants responsible for irrecoverable damage to MF/UF membranes are summarized, and their interaction with cleaning agents and other foulants is described. The impact of these foulants on various membrane parameters, including filtration efficiency, flux decline, permeability, membrane characterization, and membrane integrity are also summarized and discussed in detail. In addition, mitigation options and future prospects are also discussed with regard to increasing the operational life span of a membrane in a cost-effective manner. Ultimately, this review suggests an advanced control system based on membrane-foulant interactions under the impact of various operational parameters to mitigate the integrity loss of membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imtiaz Afzal Khan
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Oh Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea.
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Lu M, Zhang H, Tian Y, Yao W, Wang J, Wang Y. Photocatalytic hydrogel film assisted forward osmosis (PFO) for water treatment: Sustainable performance and contaminant control. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132364. [PMID: 37634380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The integration of catalytic oxidation with forward osmosis (FO) holds promising potential to address two crucial challenges encountered by FO: fouling and unsustainable performance, but suitable approaches are still rare. Herein, we have successfully developed a photocatalysis-assisted forward osmosis (PFO) system. In the PFO, a self-made porous carbon nitride doped functional carbon nanotube photocatalytic hydrogel film (PCN@CNTM) was engaged in the FO process in an inventive way by simply sticking to the commercial FO membrane surface, preventing damage to the membrane from the catalyst's direct insertion and delaying the assault from the oxidation groups. PFO allowed organic pollutants to decompose in the feed solution (90%) and on the membrane surface, regulating the water chemical potential and giving the FO membrane antifouling properties. This resulted in sustainable water flux (11.8 LMH) with no significant membrane fouling in PFO, whereas in FO alone there was a significant fouling and flux drop (from 12.73 to 7.23 LMH in 4 h). Moreover, the expensive FO membrane was protected while the hydrogel film can be replaced on demand. The PFO exemplifies the concept of synergistic technology integration, presenting a new perspective on harnessing the strengths of distinct technologies in a mutually beneficial manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE) School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Wei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Junsheng Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Sensing and Intelligent Detection, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Yuezhu Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Sensing and Intelligent Detection, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
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Siddique MS, Lu H, Xiong X, Fareed H, Graham N, Yu W. Exploring impacts of water-extractable organic matter on pre-ozonation followed by nanofiltration process: Insights from pH variations on DBPs formation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 876:162695. [PMID: 36898544 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of pH (4-10) on the treatment of water-extractable organic matter (WEOM), and the associated disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation potential (FP), during the pre-ozonation/nanofiltration treatment process. At alkaline pH (9-10), a rapid decline in water flux (> 50 %) and higher membrane rejection was observed, as a consequence of the increased electrostatic repulsion forces between the membrane surface and organic species. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) modeling and size exclusion chromatography (SEC) provides detailed insights into the WEOM compositional behavior at different pH levels. Ozonation at higher pH significantly reduced the apparent molecular weight (MW) of WEOM in the 4000-7000 Da range by transforming the large MW (humic-like) substances into small hydrophilic fractions. Fluorescence components C1 (humic-like) and C2 (fulvic-like) exhibited a predominant increase/decrease in concentration for all pH conditions during pre-ozonation and nanofiltration treatment process, however, the C3 (protein-like) component was found highly associated with the reversible and irreversible membrane foulants. The ratio C1/C2 provided a strong correlation with the formation of total trihalomethanes (THMs) (R2 = 0.9277) and total haloacetic acids (HAAs) (R2 = 0.5796). The formation potential of THMs increased, and HAAs decreased, with the increase of feed water pH. Ozonation markedly reduced the formation of THMs by up to 40 % at higher pH levels, but increased the formation of brominated-HAAs by shifting the formation potential of DBPs towards brominated precursors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saboor Siddique
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbo Lu
- Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xuejun Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Hasan Fareed
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Nigel Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
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Dopamine-functionalized PTFE membranes with enhanced flux and anti-fouling properties for membrane distillation of secondary effluent. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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10
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Li K, Xu W, Wen G, Zhou Z, Han M, Zhang S, Huang T. Aging of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) ultrafiltration membrane due to ozone exposure in water treatment: Evolution of membrane properties and performance. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136520. [PMID: 36152832 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Pre-ozonation is an effective pretreatment tactic for mitigating fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) membrane in water and wastewater treatment, but the compatibility of polymeric UF membranes with residual ozone remains unclear. In this study, effects of long-term ozone exposure on properties and performance of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) UF membrane reinforced by polyethylene terephthalate (PET) layer were systematically investigated. The exposure intensities were designed to simulate ozone exposure at 0.1 mg/L for 0.5-5 years. Chemical composition analysis suggested that the hydrophilic additives, such as possibly polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), was gradually degraded and released from the membrane, whereas the PVDF matrix exhibited fairly good ozone resistance. Ozonation resulted in increase of pore size and decrease of surface hydrophilicity, which can be attributed to oxidation and dislodgement of hydrophilic additives. Accordingly, long-term ozonation led to moderate changes in performance factors, including increase of membrane permeability by 34%, decrease of retention ability by 21.8%, increase of organic fouling propensity. It is worth noting that membrane tensile strength suffered substantial decrease after ozonation, probably due to ozonation of the PET support layer. Overall, it seems that the PVDF functional layer exhibited good ozone resistance, but the PET support layer was the Achilles' heel of the reinforced PVDF membrane for integrating with pre-ozonation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Weihua Xu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Gang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Min Han
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Shujia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Water Pollution Control and Water Quality Security Assurance of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
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11
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Mehmood CT, Lu C, Maqbool T, Xiao Y, Zhong Z. Molecular transformations of dissolved organic matter during UV/O 3-assisted membrane filtration of UASB-treated real textile wastewater. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136101. [PMID: 35998728 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A ceramic membrane reactor (CMR) integrated with in-situ UV/O3 was assessed for post-treatment of the effluent out of an up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor treating real textile wastewater, focusing on the transformation of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) revealed the transformation of heteroatomic DOM containing S, N or both to simpler DOM containing mainly C, H, and O atoms. The decreased N contents in products (N/C = 0.0249) compared to precursors (N/C = 0.0311) and the higher O/C ratios in the N-containing products suggest the removal of R-NH2 groups accompanying DOM oxidation. While, S-containing compounds in the products had lower O/C and H/C ratios, suggesting a reduced state and the transformation of R-SO3 to R-S-R. H-abstraction and OH addition were identified as the primary oxidation mechanisms, thus enhancing the dominance of highly unsaturated and phenolic DOM in the effluent (70.3%) compared to the feed (56.6%). The double bond equivalent (DBE) was also increased by 26% in the effluent compared to the feed and by 33% in products compared to precursors. These findings help understand the DOM transformation in UV/O3-assisted ceramic membrane reactors and call for comprehensive toxicity analyses of effluents from the advanced oxidation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ch Tahir Mehmood
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Chuyue Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China
| | - Tahir Maqbool
- Department of Civil, Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA, 35487
| | - Yeyuan Xiao
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
| | - Ziyi Zhong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion (MATEC), GTIIT, Guangdong, 515063, China.
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12
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Li XX, Guo XF, Zhang M, Zhang HW, Wang YW, Chao SL, Ren HT, Wu SH, Jia SY, Liu Y, Han X. Enhanced permeate flux by air micro-nano bubbles via reducing apparent viscosity during ultrafiltration process. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 302:134782. [PMID: 35523295 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Micro-nano bubbles (MNBs) play important roles in the reduction of membrane fouling during membrane separation; however, such improvements are always attributed to the reduced concentration polarization on the surface of membranes and little attention has been paid on the variations of physicochemical properties of the feed caused by MNBs. In this study, the separation efficiencies of the feed containing humic acid (HA), bovine serum albumin (BSA), sodium alginate (SA) or dyes can be improved by MNBs during ultrafiltration, and the normalized fluxes can be maximally increased to 139% and 127% in the dead-end and cross-flow modes, respectively in the treatment of HA solution. We further reveal that the decreased apparent viscosity of the feed in the presence of MNBs is the key factor that enhances the normalized flux during ultrafiltration. This study gives new insight on the importance of MNBs in membrane separation and provides valuable clues for other chemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Xiang Li
- Key Lab of Indoor Air Environment Quality Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Xing-Fei Guo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, PR China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Yao-Wu Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Shu-Lin Chao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Hai-Tao Ren
- School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, PR China
| | - Song-Hai Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Ü Rümqi, 830054, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Shao-Yi Jia
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, PR China.
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety and Equipment Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
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13
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Mehmood CT, Tan W, Chen Y, Waheed H, Li Y, Xiao Y, Zhong Z. UV/O3 assisted ceramic membrane reactor for efficient fouling control and DOM transformations in real textile wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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14
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Cheng X, Liu Y, Zheng L, Tan F, Luo C, Xu B, Xu J, Zhu X, Wu D, Liang H. CuO@carbon nanofiber as an efficient peroxymonosulfate catalyst for mitigation of organic matter fouling in the ultrafiltration process. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 626:1028-1039. [PMID: 35839673 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Persulfate oxidation has been increasingly integrated with membrane separation for water purification, whereas the oxidizing ability of persulfate is relatively limited, and appropriate activation methods are urgently required. In this work, a novel catalyst of carbon nanofiber (CNF) supported CuO (CuO@CNF) was synthesized for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. The micro-morphology showed that CuO nanoparticles were well dispersed on the CNF support, which solved the agglomeration problem of nanoparticles and improved the catalytic ability. Furtherly, PMS oxidation activated by CuO@CNF was proposed as a pre-processing means for improving ultrafiltration (UF) water purification efficiency and mitigating membrane fouling. The prepared CuO@CNF was more efficient than individual CNF and CuO in activating PMS for the reduction of various typical natural organic matter, improving permeation flux, and mitigating membrane fouling. The fouling control efficiencies were also verified by characterizing the membrane surface functional groups. The CuO@CNF catalyst could signally promote the oxidative capacity by generating a series of reactive oxygen species, thus enhancing the removal of organics with varying species and molecular weight ranges in surface water. With respect to the fouling condition, the specific permeation flux after filtration was improved from 0.25 to 0.61, with the removal rate of reversible fouling resistance reached 89.6%. The fouling mechanism was apparently altered, with both standard and complete blocking dominated throughout the filtration process. The findings are beneficial for the development of new strategies to improve membrane-based water purification efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiang Cheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Lu Zheng
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Fengxun Tan
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Congwei Luo
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Jingtao Xu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Xuewu Zhu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China.
| | - Daoji Wu
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China; Resources and Environment Innovation Institute, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, PR China
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
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15
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Enhanced filtration performance of biocarriers facilitated gravity-driven membrane (GDM) by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) pretreatment: Membrane biofouling characteristics and bacterial investigation. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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16
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Rangel K, Cabral FO, Lechuga GC, Carvalho JPRS, Villas-Bôas MHS, Midlej V, De-Simone SG. Potent Activity of a High Concentration of Chemical Ozone against Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria. Molecules 2022; 27:3998. [PMID: 35807244 PMCID: PMC9268618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27133998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care-associated infections (HAIs) are a significant public health problem worldwide, favoring multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. The SARS-CoV-2 infection was negatively associated with the increase in antimicrobial resistance, and the ESKAPE group had the most significant impact on HAIs. The study evaluated the bactericidal effect of a high concentration of O3 gas on some reference and ESKAPE bacteria. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four standard strains and four clinical or environmental MDR strains were exposed to elevated ozone doses at different concentrations and times. Bacterial inactivation (growth and cultivability) was investigated using colony counts and resazurin as metabolic indicators. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed. RESULTS The culture exposure to a high level of O3 inhibited the growth of all bacterial strains tested with a statistically significant reduction in colony count compared to the control group. The cell viability of S. aureus (MRSA) (99.6%) and P. aeruginosa (XDR) (29.2%) was reduced considerably, and SEM showed damage to bacteria after O3 treatment Conclusion: The impact of HAIs can be easily dampened by the widespread use of ozone in ICUs. This product usually degrades into molecular oxygen and has a low toxicity compared to other sanitization products. However, high doses of ozone were able to interfere with the growth of all strains studied, evidencing that ozone-based decontamination approaches may represent the future of hospital cleaning methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karyne Rangel
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (J.P.R.S.C.)
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics (LESM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Fellipe O. Cabral
- Microbiology Department, National Institute for Quality Control in Health (INCQS), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (F.O.C.); (M.H.S.V.-B.)
| | - Guilherme C. Lechuga
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (J.P.R.S.C.)
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics (LESM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - João P. R. S. Carvalho
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (J.P.R.S.C.)
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics (LESM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Science and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 22040-036, Brazil
| | - Maria H. S. Villas-Bôas
- Microbiology Department, National Institute for Quality Control in Health (INCQS), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (F.O.C.); (M.H.S.V.-B.)
| | - Victor Midlej
- Laboratory of Cellular and Ultrastructure, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil;
| | - Salvatore G. De-Simone
- Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), National Institute of Science and Technology for Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN), FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (G.C.L.); (J.P.R.S.C.)
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Molecular Systematics (LESM), Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Science and Biotechnology, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Biology Institute, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói 22040-036, Brazil
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17
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Zhang L, Graham N, Kimura K, Li G, Yu W. Targeting membrane fouling with low dose oxidant in drinking water treatment: Beneficial effect and biological mechanism. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117953. [PMID: 34933160 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling is the principal factor that currently limits the performance of gravity-driven membrane (GDM) filtration systems in drinking water treatment. In this study, the benefits of applying a low dose (approximately 0.1 mg·L-1) of environmentally benign oxidants, both H2O2 and KMnO4, as a pretreatment to GDM filtration system has been evaluated in terms of reduced membrane fouling and treated water quality. While both oxidants improved permeate flux, the effect of KMnO4 was greater than H2O2. Both oxidants reduced the size of influent organic substances and those of large molecular weight (>20 kDa), such as biopolymers, disappeared. The thickness of the fouling layers was substantially reduced after oxidation, and the KMnO4 system had a markedly different physical structure of fouling layer, with an apparent sub-layer of δ-MnO2 nanosheets below a fouling sub-layer. The formation of the δ-MnO2 nanosheets sub-layer appeared to protect the underlying membrane pores from contamination by influent organics. Oxidation pretreatment reduced the presence of proteins and polysaccharides in the fouling layers and significantly altered the bacterial community structures (p < 0.01) and decreased biodiversity. The microbial species that secreted amounts of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as Xanthobacter, were not eliminated in the H2O2 fouling layer, while for the KMnO4 system, the manganese oxidizing bacteria (MOB; e.g., Pseudoxanthomonas) and metal-resistant genus Acidovorax, dominated the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Nigel Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Katsuki Kimura
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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18
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Yin Z, Shao Q, Wen T, Li A, Long C. Insights into the coupling pre-ozonation with coagulation pre-treatment for mitigating biopolymer fouling of reverse osmosis membrane: Role of Ca2+. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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Hu M, Zhao L, Yu N, Tian Z, Yin Z, Yang Z, Yang W, Graham NJ. Application of ultra-low concentrations of moderately-hydrophobic chitosan for ultrafiltration membrane fouling mitigation. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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20
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Wang HB, Wu YH, Luo LW, Yu T, Xu A, Xue S, Chen GQ, Ni XY, Peng L, Chen Z, Wang YH, Tong X, Bai Y, Xu YQ, Hu HY. Risks, characteristics, and control strategies of disinfection-residual-bacteria (DRB) from the perspective of microbial community structure. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 204:117606. [PMID: 34500181 PMCID: PMC8390064 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The epidemic of COVID-19 has aroused people's particular attention to biosafety. A growing number of disinfection products have been consumed during this period. However, the flaw of disinfection has not received enough attention, especially in water treatment processes. While cutting down the quantity of microorganisms, disinfection processes exert a considerable selection effect on bacteria and thus reshape the microbial community structure to a great extent, causing the problem of disinfection-residual-bacteria (DRB). These systematic and profound changes could lead to the shift in regrowth potential, bio fouling potential, as well as antibiotic resistance level and might cause a series of potential risks. In this review, we collected and summarized the data from the literature in recent 10 years about the microbial community structure shifting of natural water or wastewater in full-scale treatment plants caused by disinfection. Based on these data, typical DRB with the most reporting frequency after disinfection by chlorine-containing disinfectants, ozone disinfection, and ultraviolet disinfection were identified and summarized, which were the bacteria with a relative abundance of over 5% in the residual bacteria community and the bacteria with an increasing rate of relative abundance over 100% after disinfection. Furthermore, the phylogenic relationship and potential risks of these typical DRB were also analyzed. Twelve out of fifteen typical DRB genera contain pathogenic strains, and many were reported of great secretion ability. Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter possess multiple disinfection resistance and could be considered as model bacteria in future studies of disinfection. We also discussed the growth, secretion, and antibiotic resistance characteristics of DRB, as well as possible control strategies. The DRB phenomenon is not limited to water treatment but also exists in the air and solid disinfection processes, which need more attention and more profound research, especially in the period of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Bin Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Li-Wei Luo
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Tong Yu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266000, PR China
| | - Ao Xu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China; Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Suzhou), Tsinghua, Suzhou Jiangsu 215163, PR China
| | - Song Xue
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Gen-Qiang Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xin-Ye Ni
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Lu Peng
- Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yun-Hong Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xin Tong
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yuan Bai
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yu-Qing Xu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Room 524, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, PR China.
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21
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Miao R, Feng Y, Wang Y, Wang P, Li P, Li X, Wang L. Exploring the influence mechanism of ozonation on protein fouling of ultrafiltration membranes as a result of the interfacial interaction of foulants at the membrane surface. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 785:147340. [PMID: 33930806 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ozonation was widely used before ultrafiltration processes, but its effect mechanism on protein fouling is still controversial. Ozonation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions was performed in the present work. The interfacial forces of BSA at the membrane surface were measured before and after ozonation. The adsorption behaviour of BSA onto the membrane surface and the fouling layer structures under different ozone dosages were also investigated. These results were combined with the membrane fouling behaviour to identify the effect of ozonation on protein fouling. The results showed that ozonation could weaken the interaction forces between the membrane and BSA effectively, but this did not have any effect on membrane fouling. In contrast, in terms of membrane fouling behaviour after pre-ozonation, the contribution of the changes in the covalent disulfide bonds between BSA molecules outweighs those of the non-covalent bonds. The number of disulfide bonds gradually increased as the O3:DOC ratio increased from 0 to 0.3, and began to decline when the O3:DOC ratio was further increased to 0.45 and 0.6. This could have altered the deposition rate of foulants onto the membrane surface and the structure of the fouling layers, and may have caused the membrane fouling first to be enhanced and then to decline with increasing ozone dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Department of Civil Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Yaya Feng
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Yupeng Wang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; Department of Civil Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China; School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No. 13, Xi'an 710055, China
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22
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Chen GQ, Wu YH, Wang YH, Chen Z, Tong X, Bai Y, Luo LW, Xu C, Hu HY. Effects of microbial inactivation approaches on quantity and properties of extracellular polymeric substances in the process of wastewater treatment and reclamation: A review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 413:125283. [PMID: 33582467 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) have a profound role in various wastewater treatment and reclamation processes, in which a variety of technologies are used for disinfection and microbial growth inhibition. These treatment processes can induce significant changes in the quantity and properties of EPS, and altered EPS could further adversely affect the wastewater treatment and reclamation system, including membrane filtration, disinfection, and water distribution. To clarify the effects of microbial inactivation approaches on EPS, these effects were classified into four categories: (1) chemical reactions, (2) cell lysis, (3) changing EPS-producing metabolic processes, and (4) altering microbial community. Across these different effects, treatments with free chlorine, methylisothiazolone, TiO2, and UV irradiation typically enhance EPS production. Among the residual microorganisms in EPS matrices after various microbial inactivation treatments, one of the most prominent is Mycobacterium. With respect to EPS properties, proteins and humic acids in EPS are usually more susceptible to treatment processes than polysaccharides. The affected EPS properties include changes in molecular weight, hydrophobicity, and adhesion ability. All of these changes can undermine wastewater treatment and reclamation processes. Therefore, effects on EPS quantity and properties should be considered during the application of microbial inactivation and growth inhibition techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen-Qiang Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China.
| | - Yun-Hong Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Xing Tong
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yuan Bai
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Li-Wei Luo
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Chuang Xu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China; Beijing Laboratory for Environmental Frontier Technologies, Beijing 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518055, PR China
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23
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Miao R, Ma B, Li P, Wang P, Wang L, Li XY. Mitigation mechanism of ozonation in the casein fouling of ultrafiltration membranes: Possible application in dairy wastewater treatment. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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24
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Miao R, Zhou Y, Wang P, Lu W, Li P, Li X, Wang L. A comparison of effect mechanisms of chlorination and ozonation on the interfacial forces of protein at membrane surfaces and the implications for membrane fouling control. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Yang H, Graham NJD, Wang W, Liu M, Yu W. Evaluating and improving the reliability of the UV-persulfate method for the determination of TOC/DOC in surface waters. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 196:116918. [PMID: 33765497 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The UV-persulfate oxidation method is widely used for determining the total organic carbon concentration of aqueous samples (denoted for convenience as UVP-TOC). However, for some surface water samples, the measurement of TOC by this method can be unreliable, deviating significantly from the true carbon content. In this study, the performance of the UVP-TOC method has been investigated by comparing the results from the analysis of a variety of aqueous samples that included two kinds of surface water samples and related surface water model substances: bovine serum albumin (BSA), sodium alginate (SA), humic acid (HA), tannic acid (TA), benzoic acid (BA) and citric acid (CA), with those from a high-temperature combustion method (elemental analysis); the latter providing the true carbon content value. By comparing the above data, it was found that the UVP-TOC method significantly underestimated the TOC value of the surface water samples, and it was also found that the model components BSA (protein) and HA (humic substances, HS) had a substantial influence on the TOC underestimation, while the SA (polysaccharide), TA (complex organic molecule) and CA/BA (small molecules) had little effect. The results showed that the agglomeration within and between BSA and HA molecules was an important reason for the inaccurate UVP-TOC values of BSA and HA. A further limitation was that for BSA, surfactants (e.g. sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, SDBS) and other surfactant-like substances, foam was formed during the CO2 removal purging process by N2 that seriously interfered with the determination of TOC. The study provides new information and insight into the causes of inaccuracies in the UVP-TOC analysis of surface waters and possible approaches to improve the accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Wenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Mengjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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26
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Xu L, Zhou Z, Graham NJD, Liu M, Yu W. Enhancing ultrafiltration performance by gravity-driven up-flow slow biofilter pre-treatment to remove natural organic matters and biopolymer foulants. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 195:117010. [PMID: 33714912 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane fouling by influent biopolymers, and the formation of surface biofilms, are major obstacles to the practical application of membrane technologies. Identifying reliable and sustainable pre-treatment methods for membrane filtration remains a considerable challenge and is the subject of continuing research study worldwide. Herein, the performance of a bench-scale gravity-driven up-flow slow biofilter (GUSB) as the pre-treatment for ultrafiltration to reduce membrane fouling is presented. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was shown efficiently removed by the GUSB (around 80%) when treating a natural water influent. More significantly, biopolymers, with molecular weight (MW) between 20 kDa and 100 kDa, were effectively removed (62.8% reduction) and this led to a lower rate of transmembrane pressure (TMP) development by the UF membrane. Microbial diversity analysis further unraveled the function of GUSB in shaping microbes to degrade biopolymers, contributing to lower accumulation and different distribution pattern of SMP on the membrane surface. Moreover, the biofilm formed on the membrane surface after the pre-treatment of GUSB was observed to have a relative porous structure compared to the control system, which can also affect the fouling development. Long-term operation of GUSB further revealed its robust performance in reducing both natural organic matters and UF fouling propensity. This study overall has demonstrated the potential advantages of applying a GUSB to enhance UF process performance by reducing biofouling and improving effluent quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Zheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Nigel J D Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.
| | - Mengjie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
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27
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Ding Y, Li T, Qiu K, Ma B, Wu R. Membrane fouling performance of Fe-based coagulation-ultrafiltration process: Effect of sedimentation time. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 195:110756. [PMID: 33493536 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pre-coagulation is commonly used with ultrafiltration (UF) to alleviate the membrane fouling. Compared to conventional coagulation-sedimentation-UF (CSUF) processes, the direct coagulation-UF (CUF) processes are widely believed to perform better due to the formation of a looser cake layer. It is however shown in this study that not only the density of a cake layer, but also its thickness as well, can affect the membrane fouling behavior, which therefore are influenced by both the sedimentation time and flocs characteristics. Herein, the membrane fouling performance of Fe-based coagulation-UF process was systematically investigated with different sedimentation times. A critical threshold of 30 min was observed at the lab-scale: if shorter than that, the membrane fouling depended mainly on the cake layer density, and thus CUF outperformed CSUF; but when the sedimentation time was over 30 min, the cake layer thickness turned to be the dominant factor, thereby resulting in CSUF performing better. Furthermore, it was shown that the critical sedimentation time was decided by flocs characteristics. A lower water temperature induced the formation of irregular flocs with a lower fractal dimension, and the corresponding cake layer exhibited an almost identical density with increasing sedimentation time. In this regard, CSUF processes were constantly superior to CUF as the cake layer thickness decreased. On the other hand, a critical sedimentation time reappeared because of the higher floc fractal dimension under acidic conditions. This work showed for the first time that the membrane fouling of CSUF was up to the sedimentation time, and it was possible to outperform CUF if the sedimentation time exceeded a critical threshold. Such a finding is crucial to the future development of coagulation integrated UF processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tong Li
- Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay Area; Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kaipei Qiu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Baiwen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Ruijun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Materials and Membrane Applications, Tianjin Motimo Membrane Technology Co., Ltd., Tianjin, 300457, China
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28
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Proner MC, de Meneses AC, Veiga AA, Schlüter H, Oliveira DD, Luccio MD. Industrial Cooling Systems and Antibiofouling Strategies: A Comprehensive Review. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Carolina Proner
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Cristina de Meneses
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Andrea Azevedo Veiga
- Petrobras R&D Center, CENPES, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil
| | - Helga Schlüter
- Petrobras R&D Center, CENPES, Av. Horácio Macedo, 950, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-915, Brazil
| | - Débora de Oliveira
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Marco Di Luccio
- Department of Chemical and Food Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88040-900, Brazil
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29
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Wan Y, Xie P, Wang Z, Wang J, Ding J, Dewil R, Van der Bruggen B. Application of UV/chlorine pretreatment for controlling ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling caused by different natural organic fractions. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 263:127993. [PMID: 33297033 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of UV/chlorine pretreatment on ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling derived from different fractions of natural organic matter (NOM) were studied and compared. Three model organic compounds including humic acid (HA), sodium alginate (SA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were employed to represent different NOM fractions in natural surface water. The results suggest that membrane fouling induced from HA, SA and HA-SA-BSA mixture could be effectively mitigated by UV/chlorine pretreatment, which could be further improved by increasing the chlorine dose. Although UV irradiation alone severely aggravated BSA fouling, the addition of chlorine (0.0625 mM) to the pretreatment process could effectively avoid the fouling. The alleviation of membrane fouling is primarily ascribed to the reduction of molecular weight (MW) of organic compounds, and the decomposition of unsaturated organic species, thereby reducing the accumulation of organics on the membrane surface and pores. This is confirmed by the reduction of UV254 and fluorescent components in the feed solution and the increase of DOC in the permeate after UV/chlorine pretreatment. Membrane fouling during the filtration of untreated HA, SA, and HA-SA-BSA mixture was occupied by cake filtration and intermediate pore blocking, while UV/chlorine pretreatment led to the exacerbation of pore blocking at the initial filtration stage. The initial fouling mechanism of untreated BSA was mainly governed by complete blocking, which shifted to intermediate pore blocking after UV/chlorine pretreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, KU Leuven, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Pengchao Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Center for the Environmental Implications of Nanotechnology (CEINT), Duke University, Durham, 27708-0287, USA.
| | - Zongping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Jingwen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Raf Dewil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental Technology Lab, KU Leuven, J. De Nayerlaan 5, 2860, Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for Sustainable Systems, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium; Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
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30
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Yamashita C, Freitas Moraes IC, Ferreira AG, Zanini Branco CC, Branco IG. Multi-response optimization of alginate bleaching technology extracted from brown seaweeds by an eco-friendly agent. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 251:116992. [PMID: 33142563 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Alginate only finds industrial applicability after undergoing a bleaching process to improve its visual appearance. Box-Behnken Design was used to optimize bleaching parameters (time, oxygen flow and temperature) for sodium alginate (SA) extracted from seaweeds using ozone as the bleaching agent. The optimal conditions (oxygen flow 2 L/min for 35 min at 25 °C) resulted in an ozone-bleached SA with a mannuronic/guluronic acids ratio of 0.70, viscosity-average molecular weight of 66.30 kDa and dynamic viscosity of 1.39 mPa.s, aligned to strong and brittle gels formation, which are potentially suitable for hydrogels and bioink application. Results indicated that ozonation caused depolymerization of the SA chain. Colorimetric parameters showed that ozone has a great bleaching efficacy. The bleached sample presented high antioxidant capacity, highlighting that discoloration by ozone might have minimal effects on the bioactive compounds which are valuable ingredients for food-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Yamashita
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biological Sciences Department, 19806-900 Assis, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Antonio Gilberto Ferreira
- Federal University of Sao Carlos (UFSCAR), Chemistry Department, 13565-905, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ciro Cesar Zanini Branco
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biological Sciences Department, 19806-900 Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ivanise Guilherme Branco
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Biological Sciences Department, 19806-900 Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
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31
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Yu X, Lin T, Xu H, Tao H, Chen W. Ultrafiltration of up-flow biological activated carbon effluent: Extracellular polymer biofouling mechanism and mitigation using pre-ozonation with H 2O 2 backwashing. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 186:116391. [PMID: 32947101 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biofouling is a key problem in membrane filtration, and extracellular polymer substances (EPS) play a key role in biofouling. Biofouling contributes to membrane fouling during ultrafiltration of up-flow biological activated carbon filter (UBACF) effluent. EPS are released when pollutants get attached with membrane surface and when pollutants are in solution phase from cell lysis and by cell secretions. In our study of EPS + humic acid (HA) prepared as the effluent pollutants for ultrafiltration, we found that EPS increased the interfacial forces between the pollutants and the membrane, resulting in membrane fouling. In the early stages of filtration, the main contribution of EPS to membrane fouling was to bond with organic colloids, which led to an increase in the pollutant particle size and zeta potential. This increased the short-range Lewis acid-base (AB) forces from -4.89 nN to -12.59 nN and accelerated the formation of a cake layer. In the late stage of filtration, the EPS increased both the AB and London-van der Waals (LW) forces, thus accelerating membrane fouling. In order to mitigate biofouling, we developed a method of pretreating the effluent with 0.4 mg/L ozone prior to ultrafiltration and backwashing with 8 mg/L H2O2 to sterilize bacteria attached to the membrane surface. This method not only changed the characteristics of the EPS, but also inactivated bacteria by disinfection with H2O2, thereby reducing the amount of EPS. The proposed method provided a long-term stable operation guarantee for ultrafiltration of UBACF effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Hang Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Hui Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
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32
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Chang X, Lin T, Chen W, Xu H, Tao H, Wu Y, Zhang Q, Yao S. A new perspective of membrane fouling control by ultraviolet synergic ferrous iron catalytic persulfate (UV/Fe(II)/PS) as pretreatment prior to ultrafiltration. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 737:139711. [PMID: 32512301 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to control membrane fouling by degrading natural organic matter, mainly based on free radicals, with a dead-end ultrafiltration system integrated with pretreatment. Four advanced oxidation processes, namely, ultraviolet (UV)/Fe(II), UV/persulfate (PS), Fe(II)/PS and UV/Fe(II)/PS, were used to pretreat raw water prior to ultrafiltration. The priority of the pretreatment effect followed the order of UV/Fe(II)/PS > Fe(II)/PS > UV/PS > UV/Fe(II). In the UV/Fe(II)/PS pretreatment (Fe(II) = 100 μM and PS = 400 μM), the removal rates of UV254 with a UV irradiation time of 60 min reached 93.07%. Degradation experiments of free-radical probes (carbamazepine) and free-radical scavenger addition (sodium hyposulfite or tert-butanol) showed that the sulfate radical (SO4-) was dominant in degrading organic compounds. The specific flow rate (J/J0) increased by 139.13% and the irreversible fouling resistance was reduced by 69.94%. The total interfacial energy of the colloid-membrane interaction decreased by 84.42% and the separation distance was shortened to ~2 nm. The release of Fe(III) from water under UV radiation and its possible conversion to Fe(II) were observed on the surface of the fouled membranes. After UV/Fe(II)/PS pretreatment, bulky and rough pollutant particles were transformed into a slew of sheet-contaminated layer with the appearance of numerous permeable holes, and the average surface roughness was reduced to 38.1 nm according to atomic-force-microscopy characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Hang Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Hui Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Yuehong Wu
- College of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Qingwen Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
| | - Shunzhong Yao
- College of Civil Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, PR China
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33
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Activation of peroxymonosulfate by metal oxide nanoparticles for mitigating organic membrane fouling in surface water treatment. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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34
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Algae-Laden Fouling Control by Gravity-Driven Membrane Ultrafiltration with Aluminum Sulfate-Chitosan: The Property of Floc and Cake Layer. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12071990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Gravity-driven membrane (GDM) ultrafiltration is a promising water treatment method due to its low energy consumption and low maintenance. However, the low stable permeability in algae-laden water treatment is currently limiting its wider application. With the ultimate goal of increasing permeability, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a composite coagulant of aluminum sulfate-chitosan (AS-CS) on the GDM filtration performance. In parallel tests with a single AS coagulant and without pre-coagulation, the analysis of membrane fouling resistance and the membrane fouling mechanism were evaluated. The results indicated that the AS-CS/GDM system can alleviate 23.74% and 58.80% membrane fouling, respectively, compared with AS/GDM and the GDM system. The AS-CS/GDM system can effectively remove humic-like substances having a molecular weight (MW) of 3–100 kDa, resulting in removal of 98.32% of algae cells and removal of 66.25% of dissolved organic carbon; the AS-CS/GDM system thereby improved the concentration of attached biomass on the membrane surface with the stronger biodegradability of organic matters. The application of AS-CS pre-coagulation in the GDM process could enhance the proliferation of microorganisms and the removal of low molecular weight humic-like substances. Therefore, the AS-CS/GDM system is a potentially important approach for algae-laden water treatment.
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35
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Yang H, Xue W, Liu M, Yu K, Yu W. Carbon doped Fe 3O 4 peroxidase-like nanozyme for mitigating the membrane fouling by NOM at neutral pH. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 174:115637. [PMID: 32105995 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation is a widely used method in drinking water treatment to mitigate the membrane fouling caused by the natural organic matters (NOM) from the surface water during ultra-filtration (UF) and nano-filtration (NF) processes, and H2O2 is one of the common oxidants for it. However, the oxidation capability of H2O2 at neutral pH is lower, compared to the acidic and alkaline conditions. In order to improve the efficiency of NOM oxidation at neutral pH, a carbon-doped Fe3O4 peroxidase-like nanozyme (CFPN) was synthesized in this study and used as a high-performance catalyst for H2O2 to generate hydroxyl radical. The oxygen-containing groups on the carbon structure of CFPN can form an acidic microenvironment, allowing H2O2 to produce hydroxyl radical by catalysis in neutral conditions. The results of hydrophilicity analysis, zeta potential, high-performance liquid size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC), Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) and flux indicated that the hydroxyl radical can oxidize the hydrophobic matters of humic acid (HA) into hydrophilic matters by Fenton reaction or electrophilic addition reaction, which can mitigate the fouling of NF membranes. The results of the same test for the bovine serum albumin (BSA) indicated that the hydroxyl radical can mitigate the fouling of UF membranes by degrading the tertiary and secondary structures of BSA and partly oxidizing the side chain groups. In addition, two types of surface water samples were used to verify the above mechanism, and the results indicated that the hydroxyl radical treatment at neutral pH is a new viable and effective strategy to significantly mitigate the NOM fouling of UF and NF membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yu
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Ningbo Urology & Nephrology Hospital, No.998, Qian He Road, Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, 315100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
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36
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Fan J, Lin T, Chen W, Xu H, Tao H. Control of ultrafiltration membrane fouling during the recycling of sludge water based on Fe(II)-activated peroxymonosulfate pretreatment. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 246:125840. [PMID: 31927386 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.125840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Sludge water was recycled using an ultrafiltration (UF) system. In order to control membrane fouling, three typical Fe(II)-activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) processes: Fe(II)/PMS-UF (FPUF), 1/4Fe(II) × 4/PMS-UF (F4PUF) (adding Fe(II) in small increments four times), and Fe(II)/thiosulfate/PMS-UF (FTPUF) (adding Fe(II) after complexing with thiosulfate), were employed as UF pretreatments. Their mitigating effects of UF membrane fouling caused by sludge water are systematically discussed and compared. The results showed that FTPUF system had the best membrane fouling control effect. The F4PUF system was more suitable for long-term operation than FPUF due to its lower irreversible resistance. The pretreatments can effectively remove contaminants from sludge water through the dual effects of coagulation and oxidation. Specifically, coagulation removed most of the particles and macromolecular organic matter. Oxidation effectively decomposed fluorescent and UV-absorbing organic components, and reduced bacterial proliferation on the membrane surface. Concentrations of 2-methylisoborneol and geosmin in FPUF permeate were dramatically increased, which was mainly due to the rupture of algal cells in sludge water. Both adhesion force date and extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory indicated that the pretreatments significantly reduced interactions between the membrane-organic colloid and cake layer-organic colloid. In contrast, the stronger membrane-organic colloid interaction was a major contributor to membrane fouling. The mitigation of irreversible fouling was mainly attributed to the fact that oxidation enhanced the hydrophilicity of the organic colloids, thereby reducing the Lewis acid-base interaction energy. The results demonstrated the potential application of different Fe(II)-activated PMS processes as pretreatments for membrane fouling control during sludge water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Fan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Tao Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development on Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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37
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Bai Y, Wu YH, Wang YH, Tong X, Zhao XH, Ikuno N, Hu HY. Membrane fouling potential of the denitrification filter effluent and the control mechanism by ozonation in the process of wastewater reclamation. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 173:115591. [PMID: 32062226 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.115591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A process of denitrification filter (DNF) coupled with ultrafiltration (UF) and ozonation (DNF-UF-O3) has been widely applied to advanced nitrogen removal for wastewater reclamation. Despite of the effective removal of nitrogen by DNF, the influence of DNF stage on the operation of UF was still unclear. In this study, a laboratory filtration system was used to investigate the membrane fouling potential of DNF effluent and the fouling control of ozonation. The membrane fouling potential was proved to be increased significantly after DNF stage and alleviated with ozonation treatment. With the help of UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular weight (MW) analysis, the change of DOM component characteristics was proved to be in accordance with the change of fouling potential. The water samples were further fractionated into six hydrophobic/hydrophilic acidic/basic/neutral fractions, among which hydrophobic acids (HOA) and hydrophobic neutrals (HON) dominated the membrane fouling potential of DNF effluent. Detailed study of each fraction revealed that higher MW components in HOA and HON played a crucial role in the fouling of UF membrane. The dominant component of membrane fouling could be degraded and removed by ozonation, and therefore significant fouling alleviation was achieved. These results indicated that in the process of wastewater reclamation, besides conventional water quality indexes, more detailed water features should also be taken into consideration to optimize the whole process. Moreover, the control effects by ozonation could be monitored simply according to the change of specific UV absorbance (SUVA) and fluorescence intensity as surrogates in engineering applications. According to these results, a modified DNF-O3-UF process with O3 dosage of 3 mg/L was proposed simply by reversing the sequence of UF and O3 with no more infrastructure. This modified DNF-O3-UF process was expected to enlarge the produce capacity of reclaimed water with much lower electricity costs and chemical consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bai
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Yin-Hu Wu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Yun-Hong Wang
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Xin Tong
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Xue-Hao Zhao
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China
| | - Nozomu Ikuno
- Kurita Water Industries Ltd., Nakano-ku, Tokyo, 164-0001, Japan
| | - Hong-Ying Hu
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China; Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, 518055, PR China.
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38
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Yin Z, Wen T, Li Y, Li A, Long C. Pre-ozonation for the mitigation of reverse osmosis (RO) membrane fouling by biopolymer: The roles of Ca 2+ and Mg 2. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 171:115437. [PMID: 31893554 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Despite plenty of literatures focused on the application of pre-ozonation prior to membrane, it was still unclear about the role of divalent cations (Ca2+ and Mg2+) in reverse osmosis (RO) membrane fouling mitigation. In this study, ozone pre-treatment (0.10, 0.25 and 0.50 mg O3/mg DOC (dissolved organic carbon)) was employed to oxidize model biopolymer, which was represented by bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA) in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mM). Cross-flow filtration was conducted to investigate RO membrane fouling by concentration mode. The results showed that at appropriate ozone dose there were measurable changes in physicochemical properties of BSA and SA, including increases in particle size, hydrophilicity, density of negative charge and carboxylic groups. Pre-ozonation markedly alleviated RO fouling by BSA at ozone dose of 0.25 mg O3/mg DOC when Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations raised from 0.5 to 2.0 mM since the increase in electrostatic (EL) repulsion and decrease in hydrophobic (HP) interaction compensated the increase in divalent cation bridging. Similar results were obtained for SA fouling in the presence of Mg2+. In contrast, the effect of pre-ozonation on SA fouling strongly depended on the concentration of Ca2+. In brief, it mitigated SA fouling at 0.5 mM Ca2+, whereas accelerated irreversible fouling at higher Ca2+ concentration (1.0 and 2.0 mM) due to the overwhelming effect of divalent cation bridging compared to EL and HP interactions, as revealed by adsorption experiments (in-situ streaming potential measurement). Pre-ozonation shifted the fouling layer from compact to porous and weakened the adhesion forces between foulants and membrane (foulants) except for SA containing 1.0 and 2.0 mM Ca2+. This study may provide the guidance for the application of pre-ozonation prior to RO filtration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Tiancheng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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39
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Yin Z, Wen T, Li Y, Li A, Long C. Alleviating reverse osmosis membrane fouling caused by biopolymers using pre-ozonation. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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40
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Ng TCA, Lyu Z, Gu Q, Zhang L, Poh WJ, Zhang Z, Wang J, Ng HY. Effect of gradient profile in ceramic membranes on filtration characteristics: Implications for membrane development. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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41
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Li K, Wen G, Li S, Chang H, Shao S, Huang T, Li G, Liang H. Effect of pre-oxidation on low pressure membrane (LPM) for water and wastewater treatment: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 231:287-300. [PMID: 31129410 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Low pressure membrane (LPM) filtration is a promising technology for drinking water production, wastewater reclamation as well as pretreatment for seawater desalination. However, wider implementation of LPM is restricted by their inherent drawbacks, i.e., membrane fouling and insufficient rejection for dissolved contaminants. Pretreatment of feed water is a major method to improve the performance of LPM, and pre-oxidation has gained extensive attention because it can significantly alter compositions and properties of feed water through chemical reactions. This paper attempts to systematically review efficiency and mechanisms of pre-oxidation in membrane fouling control and permeate water quality improvement. On the basis of briefly discussing major foulants and fouling mechanisms of LPM, advantages and disadvantages of pre-oxidation in mitigating organic fouling, inorganic fouling and biofouling are discussed in detail. Impacts of pre-oxidation on removal of micropollutants, bulk organic matter and inorganic pollutants are summarized, and potential by-products of different oxidants are presented. As a prerequisite for the integration of chemical oxidation with LPM filtration, compatibility of membrane with oxidants at low concentration and long exposure time are highlighted. Finally, the existing challenges and future research needs in practical application of chemical oxidation to improve performance of LPM are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Gang Wen
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Shu Li
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Haiqing Chang
- College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610207, PR China.
| | - Senlin Shao
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China.
| | - Tinglin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Guibai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
| | - Heng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE), Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, PR China.
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42
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Jin X, Wang W, Wang S, Jin P, Wang XC, Zhang W, An W, Wang Y. Application of a hybrid gravity-driven membrane filtration and dissolved ozone flotation (MDOF) process for wastewater reclamation and membrane fouling mitigation. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 81:17-27. [PMID: 30975320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study proposed a novel membrane filtration and dissolved ozone flotation integrated (MDOF) process and tested it at pilot scale. Membrane filtration in the MDOF process was operated in gravity-driven mode, and required no backwashing, flushing, or chemical cleaning. Because ozone was added in the MDOF process, ozonation, coagulation, and membrane filtration could occur in a single reactor. Moreover, in situ ozonation occurred in the MDOF process, which differs from the conventional pre-ozonation membrane filtration process. Significant enhancement of turbidity removal was further achieved through the addition of membrane filtration. Membrane fouling was mitigated in the MDOF process compared to the MDAF process. In situ ozonation in the MDOF process decreased the fluorescence intensity and transformed the high MW dissolved organics into small MW compounds. For the fouling layer, the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) contents and cake layer morphology were analyzed. The results indicated that the contents of EPS decreased. Furthermore, a thinner and more loosely structured cake layer formed in the MDOF process. Because coagulation and ozonation occurred simultaneously in a single reactor, the generation of hydroxyl radicals was enhanced through the catalytic effect of Al-based coagulants on ozone decomposition, which further alleviated membrane fouling in the MDOF process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Pengkang Jin
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
| | - Wushou Zhang
- Langzheng Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Weijun An
- Langzheng Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710075, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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43
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Wu M, Yu W, Qu J, Gregory J. The variation of flocs activity during floc breakage and aging, adsorbing phosphate, humic acid and clay particles. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 155:131-141. [PMID: 30844674 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of removal of humic acid, phosphate and kaolin particles by coagulation with alum and PACl or adsorption by their pre-formed precipitates was investigated, and it was found that the coagulation mechanisms for monomeric Al at neutral pH and polymeric Al13 at alkaline pH were very similar. The removal of phosphate and humic acid by coagulation with alum or PACl did not change with stirring time (between 1 min and 15 min), independent of the dose and species of coagulants. However, for adsorption of these impurities by pre-formed precipitates, the results were significantly different. Both Al3+ and nano-sized Al13 could precipitate and form aggregates at pH 7 and pH 9, respectively, and their precipitates became less active (fewer binding sites on the surface of precipitate) with the increase of shear time or shear rates before adsorbing pollutants. Thus, although the total surface area increased (the average size of flocs became smaller) at higher applied shear rates or longer shear time, the removal efficiency of humic acid and phosphate decreased. Also, from the MW distributions, it was confirmed that less humic acid was removed by the adsorption on alum precipitate pre-formed with longer shear time. Chemical groups (OH2and OH) on the surface of precipitate determined the removal efficiency of phosphate and humic acid, and the activity of precipitate become lower as a result of higher applied shear and longer shear time. This is confirmed be due to some crystallization of the amorphous precipitate, forming inactivated hydroxyl. When kaolin was added 10 min after the alum or PACl precipitate formed, the precipitates captured kaolin particles only on their surface, whereas when alum was added to kaolin suspensions particles were trapped within the growing flocs. When alum/kaolin flocs were broken at high shear rate re-growth of flocs decreased with increasing shear time, but after a short breakage period, long aging of broken flocs had little effect on floc regrowth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100086, China
| | - Wenzheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100086, China; Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Jiuhui Qu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100086, China.
| | - John Gregory
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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44
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Yu W, Graham N, Liu T. Prevention of UF membrane fouling in drinking water treatment by addition of H 2O 2 during membrane backwashing. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 149:394-405. [PMID: 30471535 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Although conventional coagulation pre-treatment can mitigate the fouling of ultrafiltration (UF) membrane when treating raw waters, it is insufficient to restrict the development of irreversible fouling and reversible fouling to a low level. In this paper we demonstrate that the intermittent addition of H2O2 into the membrane tank during backwash events (after coagulation pre-treatment) successfully prevented the development of any significant membrane fouling. Laboratory-scale tests were undertaken using two membrane systems operated in parallel over 60 days, one serving as a reference coagulation-ultrafiltration (CUF) process, and the other receiving the H2O2 (CUF-H2O2), with a decreasing dose in three successive phases: 10, 5 and 2 mg/L. The results showed that the addition of H2O2 (via a separate dosing tube) during a 1 min backwash process (at 30 min intervals) reduced the growth of bacteria in the membrane tank, and the associated concentrations of soluble microbial products (SMP, including protein and polysaccharide). This resulted in a much reduced cake layer, which contained significantly less high MW organic matter (>50%), such as EPS, thereby improving the interaction between particles in the cake layer and/or particles and the membrane surface. There was also less organic matter, of all MW fractions, adsorbed in the membrane pores of the CUF-H2O2 system. The addition of H2O2 in the membrane tank appeared to alter the nature of the organic matter with a conversion of hydrophobic to hydrophilic fractions, which induced less organics adsorption within the hydrophobic PVDF membrane pores, and a reduced bonding ability for particles. There was no physico-chemical evidence of any deterioration of the membrane from exposure to H2O2, which indicates the feasibility of applying this novel method of fouling control for full-scale UF based water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Yu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Nigel Graham
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
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45
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Goglio A, Tucci M, Rizzi B, Colombo A, Cristiani P, Schievano A. Microbial recycling cells (MRCs): A new platform of microbial electrochemical technologies based on biocompatible materials, aimed at cycling carbon and nutrients in agro-food systems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 649:1349-1361. [PMID: 30308905 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This article reviews the mechanisms that drive nutrients and carbon sequestration from wastewaters by microbial electrochemical technologies (METs). In this framework, a new generation of METs is also presented (to be called microbial recycling cells, MRCs), based on 100%-recyclable materials (biomass-derived char coal, clay, terracotta, paper, ligno-cellulosic plant materials, etc.), which can act as bio-electrodes, separators and structural frames. In traditional METs architectures (based on technological materials such as carbon cloths, plastic panels, membranes, binders), inorganic salts precipitation and adsorption, as well as biofouling due to organic-matter deposition, are considered as main drawbacks that clog and hinder the systems over relatively short periods. In MRCs, these mechanisms should be maximized, instead of being avoided. In this perspective, both inorganic and organic forms of the main nutrients are sequestered from wastewater and deposited on METs modules. Once the systems become saturated, they can entirely be recycled as agricultural soil conditioners or as base for organic-mineral fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Goglio
- e-BioCenter, Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Tucci
- e-BioCenter, Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Bruno Rizzi
- e-BioCenter, Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Colombo
- e-BioCenter, Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Schievano
- e-BioCenter, Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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Wang Z, Wan Y, Xie P, Zhou A, Ding J, Wang J, Zhang L, Wang S, Zhang TC. Ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) pretreatment of typical natural organic matter (NOM): Variation of characteristics and control of membrane fouling. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:136-147. [PMID: 30261419 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ultraviolet/persulfate (UV/PS) pretreatment on ultrafiltration (UF) membrane fouling caused by typical natural organic matter (NOM) fractions including humic acid (HA), sodium alginate (SA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated. UF membrane fouling during the filtration of different NOM fractions after UV/PS pretreatment was compared through the evaluation of normalized membrane flux decline and membrane fouling reversibility. The fouling mitigation mechanisms were investigated through the characterization of ultraviolet absorbance (UV254), dissolved organic matter, zeta potential, particle size distribution, fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectra, and fitness of four classic fouling models. Furthermore, the fouled membranes were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that UV/PS pretreatment significantly alleviated membrane fouling caused by HA, SA, and HA-SA-BSA mixture, and the fouling control performance improved at high PS doses. However, either UV alone or UV/PS pretreatment at low PS dose (10 mg/L) significantly aggravated BSA fouling with the normalized flux at the end of first filtration cycle being 8% and 15%, respectively. The increased particle size of BSA after UV/PS pretreatment was attributed to the formation of aggregates, which mainly accumulated in membrane pores and aggravated membrane fouling. Modeling results suggest that the mitigation of membrane fouling derived from SA and mixed organic fractions was primarily ascribed to the control of cake filtration, while the mitigation of HA fouling was attributed to the declined contribution of standard blocking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongping Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Ying Wan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Pengchao Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Aijiao Zhou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Jiaqi Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jingwen Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Li Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Songlin Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Wastewater Treatment (HUST), MOHURD, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Tian C Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
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Shao S, Wang Y, Shi D, Zhang X, Tang CY, Liu Z, Li J. Biofouling in ultrafiltration process for drinking water treatment and its control by chlorinated-water and pure water backwashing. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 644:306-314. [PMID: 29981978 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated biofouling in ultrafiltration (UF) for drinking water treatment and its control by backwashing with chlorinated-water or pure water. By using sodium azide to suppress biological growth, the relative contribution of biofouling to total fouling was estimated, and its value (5.3-56.0%) varied with the feed water, and increased with the increases of filtration time and membrane flux. The biofouling layer could partially remove biodegradable organic matter and ammonia (32.9-74.2%). Backwashing using chlorinated-water partly inactivated the microorganisms (23.8%) but increased the content of extracellular polymeric substances (7.7%) in the biofouling layer. In contrast, backwashing using pure water led to a looser and more porous fouling layer according to optical coherence tomography observation. Consequently, the latter was more effective in reducing fouling resistance (33.41% reduction) compared to backwashing by chlorinated-water (8.6%). These findings reveal the critical roles of biofouling in pollutants removal in addition to membrane permeability, which has important implications for addressing seasonal ammonia pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senlin Shao
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Urban Disasters Prevention and Fire Rescue Technology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China.
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Danting Shi
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Xuezhi Zhang
- Center for Microalgal Biotechnology and Biofuels, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China
| | - Chuyang Y Tang
- Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zizheng Liu
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China.
| | - Jiangyun Li
- School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Urban Disasters Prevention and Fire Rescue Technology of Hubei Province, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, PR China.
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48
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Zhai S, Zhang W, Li T, Zhang W, Lv L, Pan B. Sodium hypochlorite assisted membrane cleaning: Alterations in the characteristics of organic foulants and membrane permeability. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 211:139-148. [PMID: 30071425 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.07.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chemical cleaning is an important approach for alleviating severe fouling in membrane separation processes. In this study, lysozyme (LYS) was exposed to sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) with varied concentrations (0-2000 ppm) to understand the changes in the physicochemical properties and functional groups as well as the variations in membrane permeabilities. The results showed that membrane filterability exhibited an obvious 'U-shaped' trend, and the valley existed when the ratio of Cl/C (the ratio of NaClO and TOC concentrations in feed water) is among 1.35-3.09. Upon exposure to low dose NaClO, three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) spectra showed that tryptophan protein substances were transformed to more hydrophobic humic-like substances. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis further confirmed that exposure to low dose NaClO promoted the breakage of aromatic substituents, leading to the formation of hydrophobic condensed aromatic substances. On the contrary, at high NaClO loads, protein structures were destroyed completely and almost no obvious fluorescent intensities could be detected, which promoted the recovery of membrane filterabilities. Notably, the chemical cleaning mechanisms of fouled membranes with NaClO were understood in depth in this study. These results provide new information about the oxidation products of LYS and the cleaning efficiency upon exposure to NaClO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China; State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Organic Chemical Wastewater Treatment and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China.
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
| | - Bingcai Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 210023, PR China
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49
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Does pre-ozonation or in-situ ozonation really mitigate the protein-based ceramic membrane fouling in the integrated process of ozonation coupled with ceramic membrane filtration? J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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50
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Ibn Abdul Hamid K, Sanciolo P, Gray S, Duke M, Muthukumaran S. Impact of ozonation and biological activated carbon filtration on ceramic membrane fouling. WATER RESEARCH 2017; 126:308-318. [PMID: 28965033 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ozone pre-treatment (ozonation, ozonisation) and biological activated carbon (BAC) filtration pre-treatment for the ceramic microfiltration (CMF) treatment of secondary effluent (SE) were studied. Ozone pre-treatment was found to result in higher overall removal of UV absorbance (UVA254) and colour, and higher permeability than BAC pre-treatment or the combined use of ozone and BAC (O3+BAC) pre-treatment. The overall removal of colour and UVA254 by ceramic filtration of the ozone pre-treated water was 97% and 63% respectively, compared to 86% and 48% respectively for BAC pre-treatment and 29% and 6% respectively for the untreated water. Ozone pre-treatment, however, was not effective in removal of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). The permeability of the ozone pre-treated water through the ceramic membrane was found to decrease to 50% of the original value after 200 min of operation, compared to approximately 10% of the original value for the BAC pre-treated, O3+BAC pre-treated water and the untreated water. The higher permeability of the ozone pre-treated water was attributed to the excellent removal of biopolymer particles (100%) and high removal of humic substances (84%). The inclusion of a BAC stage between ozone pre-treatment and ceramic filtration was detrimental. The O3+BAC+CMF process was found to yield higher biopolymer removal (96%), lower humic substance (HS) component removal (66%) and lower normalized permeability (0.1) after 200 min of operation than the O3+CMF process (86%, 84% and 0.5 respectively). This was tentatively attributed to the chemical oxidation effect of ozone on the BAC biofilm and adsorbed components, leading to the generation of foulants that are not generated in the O3+CMF process. This study demonstrated the potential of ozone pre-treatment for reducing organic fouling and thus improving flux for the CMF of SE compared to O3+BAC pre-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Ibn Abdul Hamid
- College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Peter Sanciolo
- College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Stephen Gray
- College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Mikel Duke
- College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Shobha Muthukumaran
- College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia; Institute for Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
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