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Smal N, Majdoub F, Janssens K, Reyniers E, Meuwissen MEC, Ceulemans B, Northrup H, Hill JB, Liu L, Errichiello E, Gana S, Strong A, Rohena L, Franciskovich R, Murali CN, Huybrechs A, Sulem T, Fridriksdottir R, Sulem P, Stefansson K, Bai Y, Rosenfeld JA, Lalani SR, Streff H, Kooy RF, Weckhuysen S. Burden re-analysis of neurodevelopmental disorder cohorts for prioritization of candidate genes. Eur J Hum Genet 2024:10.1038/s41431-024-01661-4. [PMID: 38965372 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-024-01661-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to uncover novel genes associated with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD) by leveraging recent large-scale de novo burden analysis studies to enhance a virtual gene panel used in a diagnostic setting. We re-analyzed historical trio-exome sequencing data from 745 individuals with NDD according to the most recent diagnostic standards, resulting in a cohort of 567 unsolved individuals. Next, we designed a virtual gene panel containing candidate genes from three large de novo burden analysis studies in NDD and prioritized candidate genes by stringent filtering for ultra-rare de novo variants with high pathogenicity scores. Our analysis revealed an increased burden of de novo variants in our selected candidate genes within the unsolved NDD cohort and identified qualifying de novo variants in seven candidate genes: RIF1, CAMK2D, RAB11FIP4, AGO3, PCBP2, LEO1, and VCP. Clinical data were collected from six new individuals with de novo or inherited LEO1 variants and three new individuals with de novo PCBP2 variants. Our findings add additional evidence for LEO1 as a risk gene for autism and intellectual disability. Furthermore, we prioritize PCBP2 as a candidate gene for NDD associated with motor and language delay. In summary, by leveraging de novo burden analysis studies, employing a stringent variant filtering pipeline, and engaging in targeted patient recruitment, our study contributes to the identification of novel genes implicated in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noor Smal
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Fatma Majdoub
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Medical Genetics Department, University Hedi Chaker Hospital of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Katrien Janssens
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, Edegem, 2650, Belgium
| | - Edwin Reyniers
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, Edegem, 2650, Belgium
| | - Marije E C Meuwissen
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Center of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Antwerp, Drie Eikenstraat 655, Edegem, 2650, Belgium
| | - Berten Ceulemans
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hope Northrup
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy B Hill
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lingying Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edoardo Errichiello
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Neurogenetics Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simone Gana
- Neurogenetics Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Alanna Strong
- Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Luis Rohena
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, San Antonio Military Medical Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Long School of Medicine-UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rachel Franciskovich
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chaya N Murali
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - An Huybrechs
- Department of Pediatrics, Heilig Hart Ziekenhuis, Lier, Belgium
| | - Telma Sulem
- deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
| | | | | | | | - Yan Bai
- GeneDx, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Seema R Lalani
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Haley Streff
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Frank Kooy
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Applied and Translational Neurogenomics Group, VIB Center for Molecular Neurology, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
- µNEURO Research Centre of Excellence, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
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2
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Song F, Zhang Q, Lu X, Xu T, Hu Q, Hu X, Fan W, Zhang Y, Huang P. Rab11-FIP4 interacts with ARF5 to promote cancer stemness in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Physiol Biochem 2023; 79:757-770. [PMID: 37458957 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-023-00972-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies suggest that Rab11-family interacting proteins (Rab11-FIPs) play an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. Among the Rab11-FIPs, Rab11-FIP4 has been reported to be significantly upregulated in various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the possible effect on HCC stemness and the underlying mechanism has never been characterized. Here, we found that Rab11-FIP4 was dramatically increased in HCC cell lines and tissues, and had a positive correlation with cancer stemness. Functional studies revealed that elevated expression of Rab11-FIP4 in HCC cells significantly promoted sphere formation, and enhanced the mRNA and protein levels of stemness-associated markers, ALDH1A1, CD133, NANOG, and OCT4. Conversely, the knockdown of Rab11-FIP4 suppressed the cancer stem cell (CSC)-like characteristics of HCC cells. Moreover, silencing of Rab11-FIP4 obviously increased the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib. Mechanistically, Rab11-FIP4 was shown to interact with ADP-ribosylation factor 5 (ARF5) to influence cell cycle-related proteins, CDK1/cyclin B, thereby promoting HCC stemness. Taken together, our results uncovered an essential role for Rab11-FIP4 in regulating CSC-like features of HCC cells and identified Rab11-FIP4 as a potential target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifeng Song
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xixuan Lu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tong Xu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qing Hu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoping Hu
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weijiao Fan
- Cancer Center, Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Ping Huang
- Center for Clinical Pharmacy, Cancer Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Endocrine Gland Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
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3
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Sultana P, Novotny J. Rab11 and Its Role in Neurodegenerative Diseases. ASN Neuro 2022; 14:17590914221142360. [PMID: 36464817 PMCID: PMC9726856 DOI: 10.1177/17590914221142360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicles mediate the trafficking of membranes/proteins in the endocytic and secretory pathways. These pathways are regulated by small GTPases of the Rab family. Rab proteins belong to the Ras superfamily of GTPases, which are significantly involved in various intracellular trafficking and signaling processes in the nervous system. Rab11 is known to play a key role especially in recycling many proteins, including receptors important for signal transduction and preservation of functional activities of nerve cells. Rab11 activity is controlled by GEFs (guanine exchange factors) and GAPs (GTPase activating proteins), which regulate its function through modulating GTP/GDP exchange and the intrinsic GTPase activity, respectively. Rab11 is involved in the transport of several growth factor molecules important for the development and repair of neurons. Overexpression of Rab11 has been shown to significantly enhance vesicle trafficking. On the other hand, a reduced expression of Rab11 was observed in several neurodegenerative diseases. Current evidence appears to support the notion that Rab11 and its cognate proteins may be potential targets for therapeutic intervention. In this review, we briefly discuss the function of Rab11 and its related interaction partners in intracellular pathways that may be involved in neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jiri Novotny
- Jiri Novotny, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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4
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Rathan-Kumar S, Roland JT, Momoh M, Goldstein A, Lapierre LA, Manning E, Mitchell L, Norman J, Kaji I, Goldenring JR. Rab11FIP1-deficient mice develop spontaneous inflammation and show increased susceptibility to colon damage. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G239-G254. [PMID: 35819177 PMCID: PMC9423785 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00042.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The small GTPase, Rab11a, regulates vesicle trafficking and cell polarity in epithelial cells through interaction with Rab11 family-interacting proteins (Rab11-FIPs). We hypothesized that deficiency of Rab11-FIP1 would affect mucosal integrity in the intestine. Global Rab11FIP1 knockout (KO) mice were generated by deletion of the second exon. Pathology of intestinal tissues was analyzed by immunostaining of colonic sections and RNA-sequencing of isolated colonic epithelial cells. A low concentration of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 2%) was added to drinking water for 5 days, and injury score was compared between Rab11FIP1 KO, Rab11FIP2 KO, and heterozygous littermates. Rab11FIP1 KO mice showed normal fertility and body weight gain. More frequent lymphoid patches and infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils were identified in Rab11FIP1 KO mice before the development of rectal prolapse compared with control mice. The population of trefoil factor 3 (TFF3)-positive goblet cells was significantly lower, and the ratio of proliferative to nonproliferative cells was higher in Rab11FIP1 KO colons. Transcription signatures indicated that Rab11FIP1 deletion downregulated genes that mediate stress tolerance response, whereas genes mediating the response to infection were significantly upregulated, consistent with the inflammatory responses in the steady state. Lack of Rab11FIP1 also resulted in abnormal accumulation of subapical vesicles in colonocytes and the internalization of transmembrane mucin, MUC13, with Rab14. After DSS treatment, Rab11FIP1 KO mice showed greater body weight loss and more severe mucosal damage than those in heterozygous littermates. These findings suggest that Rab11FIP1 is important for cytoprotection mechanisms and for the maintenance of colonic mucosal integrity.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Although Rab11FIP1 is important in membrane trafficking in epithelial cells, the gastrointestinal phenotype of Rab11FIP1 knockout (KO) mice had never been reported. This study demonstrated that Rab11FIP1 loss induces mistrafficking of Rab14 and MUC13 and decreases in colonic goblet cells, resulting in impaired mucosal integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudiksha Rathan-Kumar
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Joseph T Roland
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Michael Momoh
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Anna Goldstein
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Lynne A Lapierre
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Elizabeth Manning
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Louise Mitchell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Jim Norman
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Izumi Kaji
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - James R Goldenring
- Section of Surgical Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Epithelial Biology Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Nashville Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
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5
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Clark BS, Miesfeld JB, Flinn MA, Collery RF, Link BA. Dynamic Polarization of Rab11a Modulates Crb2a Localization and Impacts Signaling to Regulate Retinal Neurogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:608112. [PMID: 33634099 PMCID: PMC7900515 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.608112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Interkinetic nuclear migration (IKNM) is the process in which pseudostratified epithelial nuclei oscillate from the apical to basal surface and in phase with the mitotic cycle. In the zebrafish retina, neuroepithelial retinal progenitor cells (RPCs) increase Notch activity with apical movement of the nuclei, and the depth of nuclear migration correlates with the probability that the next cell division will be neurogenic. This study focuses on the mechanisms underlying the relationships between IKNM, cell signaling, and neurogenesis. In particular, we have explored the role IKNM has on endosome biology within RPCs. Through genetic manipulation and live imaging in zebrafish, we find that early (Rab5-positive) and recycling (Rab11a-positive) endosomes polarize in a dynamic fashion within RPCs and with reference to nuclear position. Functional analyses suggest that dynamic polarization of recycling endosomes and their activity within the neuroepithelia modulates the subcellular localization of Crb2a, consequently affecting multiple signaling pathways that impact neurogenesis including Notch, Hippo, and Wnt activities. As nuclear migration is heterogenous and asynchronous among RPCs, Rab11a-affected signaling within the neuroepithelia is modulated in a differential manner, providing mechanistic insight to the correlation of IKNM and selection of RPCs to undergo neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Clark
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Joel B Miesfeld
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Michael A Flinn
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ross F Collery
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin Eye Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Brian A Link
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
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6
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Rozés-Salvador V, González-Billault C, Conde C. The Recycling Endosome in Nerve Cell Development: One Rab to Rule Them All? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:603794. [PMID: 33425908 PMCID: PMC7793921 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.603794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocytic recycling is an intracellular process that returns internalized molecules back to the plasma membrane and plays crucial roles not only in the reuse of receptor molecules but also in the remodeling of the different components of this membrane. This process is required for a diversity of cellular events, including neuronal morphology acquisition and functional regulation, among others. The recycling endosome (RE) is a key vesicular component involved in endocytic recycling. Recycling back to the cell surface may occur with the participation of several different Rab proteins, which are master regulators of membrane/protein trafficking in nerve cells. The RE consists of a network of interconnected and functionally distinct tubular subdomains that originate from sorting endosomes and transport their cargoes along microtubule tracks, by fast or slow recycling pathways. Different populations of REs, particularly those formed by Rab11, Rab35, and Arf6, are associated with a myriad of signaling proteins. In this review, we discuss the cumulative evidence suggesting the existence of heterogeneous domains of REs, controlling different aspects of neurogenesis, with a particular focus on the commonalities and singularities of these REs and their contribution to nerve development and differentiation in several animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Rozés-Salvador
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina.,Instituto de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Villa María, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Christian González-Billault
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.,The Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
| | - Cecilia Conde
- Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra INIMEC-CONICET-UNC, Córdoba, Argentina
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7
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Zhang J, Su G, Wu Q, Liu J, Tian Y, Liu X, Zhou J, Gao J, Chen W, Chen D, Zhang Z. Rab11-mediated recycling endosome role in nervous system development and neurodegenerative diseases. Int J Neurosci 2020; 131:1012-1018. [PMID: 32329391 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2020.1761354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
STUDY Membrane trafficking process is significant for the complex and precise regulatory of the nervous system. Rab11, as a small GTPase of the Rab superfamily, controls endocytic vesicular trafficking to the cell surface after sorting in recycling endosome (RE), coordinating with its receptors to maintain neurological function. MATERIALS AND METHODS This article reviewed the literature of Rab11 in nervous system. RESULTS Rab11-positive vesicles targeted transport growth-related molecules, such as integrins, protrudin, tropomyosin receptor kinase (Trk) A/B receptor and AMPA receptor (AMPAR) to membrane surface to promote the regeneration capacity of axon and dendrites and maintain synaptic plasticity. In addition, many studies have shown that the expression of Rab11 is decreased in multiple neurodegenerative diseases, which is highly correlated with the process of production, transport and clearance of disease-related pathological proteins. And overexpression or increased activity of Rab11 can greatly improve the defect of membrane trafficking and slow down the disease process. CONCLUSION With increasing research efforts on Rab11-dependent membrane trafficking mechanisms, a potential target for nerve regeneration and neurodegenerative diseases will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Gang Su
- Institute of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qionghui Wu
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jifei Liu
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Juanping Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Juan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Deyi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhenchang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Cataloguing and Selection of mRNAs Localized to Dendrites in Neurons and Regulated by RNA-Binding Proteins in RNA Granules. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10020167. [PMID: 31978946 PMCID: PMC7072219 DOI: 10.3390/biom10020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatiotemporal translational regulation plays a key role in determining cell fate and function. Specifically, in neurons, local translation in dendrites is essential for synaptic plasticity and long-term memory formation. To achieve local translation, RNA-binding proteins in RNA granules regulate target mRNA stability, localization, and translation. To date, mRNAs localized to dendrites have been identified by comprehensive analyses. In addition, mRNAs associated with and regulated by RNA-binding proteins have been identified using various methods in many studies. However, the results obtained from these numerous studies have not been compiled together. In this review, we have catalogued mRNAs that are localized to dendrites and are associated with and regulated by the RNA-binding proteins fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP), RNA granule protein 105 (RNG105, also known as Caprin1), Ras-GAP SH3 domain binding protein (G3BP), cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1), and staufen double-stranded RNA binding proteins 1 and 2 (Stau1 and Stau2) in RNA granules. This review provides comprehensive information on dendritic mRNAs, the neuronal functions of mRNA-encoded proteins, the association of dendritic mRNAs with RNA-binding proteins in RNA granules, and the effects of RNA-binding proteins on mRNA regulation. These findings provide insights into the mechanistic basis of protein-synthesis-dependent synaptic plasticity and memory formation and contribute to future efforts to understand the physiological implications of local regulation of dendritic mRNAs in neurons.
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9
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Hara Y, Fukaya M, Sugawara T, Sakagami H. FIP4/Arfophilin-2 plays overlapping but distinct roles from FIP3/Arfophilin-1 in neuronal migration during cortical layer formation. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:3082-3096. [PMID: 30295969 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The class II Rab11 family-interacting proteins, FIP3 and FIP4, also termed Arfophilin-1 and Arfophilin-2, respectively, are endosomal proteins that function as dual effector proteins for Rab11 and ADP ribosylation factor (Arf) small GTPases. In the present study, we examined the expression and role of FIP4 in neuronal migration during cerebral layer formation. FIP4 mRNA was first weakly detected in post-mitotic migrating neurons in the upper intermediate zone, and expression was markedly increased in the cortical layer. Exogenously expressed FIP4 protein was localized to subpopulations of EEA1- and syntaxin 12-positive endosomes in migrating neurons, and was partially colocalized with FIP3. Knockdown of FIP4 by in utero electroporation significantly stalled transfected neurons in the lower cortical layer and decreased the speed of neuronal migration in the upper intermediate zone and in the cortical plate compared with control small hairpin RNA (shRNA)-transfected neurons. Furthermore, co-transfection of shRNA-resistant wild-type FIP4, but not wild type FIP3 or FIP4 mutants lacking the binding region for Rab11 or Arf, significantly improved the disturbed cortical layer formation caused by FIP4 knockdown. Collectively, our findings suggest that FIP4 and FIP3 play overlapping but distinct roles in neuronal migration downstream of Arf and Rab11 during cortical layer formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Hara
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahiro Fukaya
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Sugawara
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Sakagami
- Department of Anatomy, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
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10
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Zhou YY, Chun RKM, Wang JC, Zuo B, Li KK, Lam TC, Liu Q, To CH. Proteomic analysis of chick retina during early recovery from lens‑induced myopia. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:59-66. [PMID: 29749514 PMCID: PMC6059693 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia development has been extensively studied from different perspectives. Myopia recovery is also considered important for understanding the development of myopia. However, despite several previous studies, retinal proteomics during recovery from myopia is still relatively unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the changes in protein profiles of chicken retinas during early recovery from lens-induced myopia to evaluate the signals involved in the adjustment of this refractive disorder. Three-day old chickens wore glasses for 7 days (−10D lens over the right eye and a plano lens as control over the left eye), followed by 24 h without lenses. Protein expression in the retina was measured by two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). Pro-Q Diamond phosphoprotein staining 2D gel electrophoresis was used to analyze phosphoprotein profiles. Protein spots with significant differences (P<0.05) were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The minus lens-treated eye became myopic, however following 24 h recovery, less myopia was observed. 2D-DIGE proteomic analysis demonstrated that three identified protein spots were upregulated at least 1.2-fold in myopic recovery retinas compared with those of the controls, Ras related protein Rab-11B, S-antigen retina and pineal gland and 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 14. Pro-Q Diamond images further revealed three protein spots with significant changes (at least 1.8-fold): β-tubulin was downregulated, while peroxiredoxin 4 and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase-L1 were upregulated in the recovery retinas compared with the control eye retinas. The present study detected previously unreported protein changes in recovering eyes, therefore revealing their potential involvement in retinal remodeling during eye ball reforge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yun Zhou
- Refractive Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Rachel Ka Man Chun
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Jian Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710049, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zuo
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, P.R. China
| | - King Kit Li
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Thomas Chuen Lam
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Quan Liu
- Refractive Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Chi-Ho To
- Refractive Surgery Department, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
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11
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Wu Y, Lam CSY, Tse DYY, To CH, Liu Q, McFadden SA, Chun RKM, Li KK, Bian J, Lam C. Early quantitative profiling of differential retinal protein expression in lens-induced myopia in guinea pig using fluorescence difference two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:5571-5580. [PMID: 29436656 PMCID: PMC5865996 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the differential protein expression in guinea pig retinas in response to lens-induced myopia (LIM) before fully compensated eye growth. Four days old guinea pigs (n=5) were subjected to −4D LIM for 8 days. Refractive errors were measured before and at the end of the lens wear period. Ocular dimensions were also recorded using high-frequency A-scan ultrasonography. After the LIM treatment, retinas of both eyes were harvested and soluble proteins were extracted. Paired retinal protein expressions in each animal were profiled and compared using a sensitive fluorescence difference two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. The quantitative retinal proteomes of myopic and control eye were analysed using computerised DeCyder software. Those proteins that were consistently changed with at least 1.2-fold difference (P<0.05) in the same direction in all five animals were extracted, trypsin digested and identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Significant myopia was induced in guinea pigs after 8 days of lens wear. The vitreous chamber depth in lens-treated eyes was found to be significantly elongated. Typically, more than 1,000 protein spots could be detected from each retina. Thirty-two of them showed differential expression between myopic and untreated retina. Among these proteins, 21 spots were upregulated and 11 were downregulated. Eight protein spots could be successfully identified which included β-actin, enolase 1, cytosolic malate dehydrogenase, Ras-related protein Rab-11B, protein-L-isoaspartate (D-aspartate) O-methyltransferase, PKM2 protein, X-linked eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A and ACP1 protein. The present study serves as the first report to uncover the retinal 2D proteome expressions in mammalian guinea pig myopia model using a top-down fluorescent dyes labelling gel approach. The results showed a downregulation in glycolytic enzymes that may suggest a significant alteration of glycolysis during myopia development. Other protein candidates also suggested multiple pathways which could provide new insights for further study of the myopic eye growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Carly Siu-Yin Lam
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Dennis Yan-Yin Tse
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Chi Ho To
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P.R. China
| | - Sally A McFadden
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science and IT, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Rachel Ka-Man Chun
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - King Kit Li
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Jianfang Bian
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
| | - Chuen Lam
- Laboratory of Experimental Optometry, Centre for Myopia Research, School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, P.R. China
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12
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Wang JZ, Yang SX, Ye F, Xia XP, Shao XX, Xia SL, Zheng B, Xu CL. Hypoxia-induced Rab11-family interacting protein 4 expression promotes migration and invasion of colon cancer and correlates with poor prognosis. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:3797-3806. [PMID: 29257314 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Rab11-family interacting proteins (Rab11‑FIPs) are associated with the progression of various tumors; however, their expression and clinical significance in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains largely undetermined. In this study, the clinical implications, functions and underlying mechanisms of Rab11‑FIP4 in CRC were investigated. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that expression of Rab11‑FIP4 was significantly increased in human CRC tissues and correlated with poor prognosis of patients with CRC. Overexpression of Rab11‑FIP4 in the CRC cell line significantly promoted cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and tumor metastasis in vivo. Furthermore, the results of a co‑immunoprecipitation assay and western blot analysis demonstrated that Rab11‑FIP4 interacted with Rab11 and insulin‑like growth factor 1 receptor, and increased the phosphorylation of extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 and AKT serine/threonine kinase. In addition, hypoxia contributed to the upregulation of Rab11‑FIP4 expression via hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α activation of the Rab11‑FIP4 promoter. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that Rab11‑FIP4 may act as an oncogene in CRC, and may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Shou-Xing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Fangpeng Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ruian People's Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325200, P.R. China
| | - Xuan-Ping Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Long Xia
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
| | - Chang-Long Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, P.R. China
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13
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Johnson CA, Wright CE, Ghashghaei HT. Regulation of cytokinesis during corticogenesis: focus on the midbody. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:4009-4026. [PMID: 28493553 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Development of the cerebral cortices depends on tight regulation of cell divisions. In this system, stem and progenitor cells undergo symmetric and asymmetric divisions to ultimately produce neurons that establish the layers of the cortex. Cell division culminates with the formation of the midbody, a transient organelle that establishes the site of abscission between nascent daughter cells. During cytokinetic abscission, the final stage of cell division, one daughter cell will inherit the midbody remnant, which can then maintain or expel the remnant, but mechanisms and circumstances influencing this decision are unclear. This review describes the midbody and its constituent proteins, as well as the known consequences of their manipulation during cortical development. The potential functional relevance of midbody mechanisms is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline A Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Neurosciences Concentration Area, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Catherine E Wright
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - H Troy Ghashghaei
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Comparative Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Neurosciences Concentration Area, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Program in Genetics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.,Keck Center for Behavioral Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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14
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He Y, Ye M, Zhou L, Shan Y, Lu G, Zhou Y, Zhong J, Zheng J, Xue Z, Cai Z. High Rab11-FIP4 expression predicts poor prognosis and exhibits tumor promotion in pancreatic cancer. Int J Oncol 2016; 50:396-404. [PMID: 28035375 PMCID: PMC5238782 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Some studies have demonstrated that Rab11-family interacting proteins (Rab11-FIPs) are connected with the tumorigenesis, and they may act as tumor promoters in some cancers. The clinicopathological significance of Rab11-family interacting protein 4 (Rab11-FIP4) expression and its possible effects on pancreatic cancer (PC) are still undiscovered. In this study, Rab11-FIP4 protein expression level in 60 PC specimens and pair-matched non-cancerous samples were detected by immunohistochemistry analysis. The results were analysed and compared with each patients' clinical data. Rab11-FIP4 expression in PC tissues increased significantly more than that of adjacent non-cancerous tissues (P=0.0001). Overexpression of Rab11-FIP4 in the PC tissues was significantly related to tumor size (P=0.0001), histological grade (P=0.028), metastasis (P=0.001) and TNM stage (P=0.004) but not with age (P=0.832), gender (P=0.228) or tumor site (P=0.875). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that overexpression of Rab11-FIP4 was significantly related to overall survival time (P=0.0036). In addition, Rab11-FIP4 in PANC-1 pancreatic cancer cells were successfully knocked-out using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Rab11-FIP4 knockout in PANC-1 cells inhibited cell growth, invasion and metastasis, and arrested cell cycle progression, but did not alter apoptosis. Our findings suggest that overexpression of Rab11-FIP4 predicts poor clinical outcomes for pancreatic cancer and contributes to pancreatic tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun He
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Mengsi Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Shan
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Guangrong Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yuhui Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jinwei Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jihang Zheng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhanxiong Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhai Cai
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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15
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Gentile G, Ceccarelli M, Micheli L, Tirone F, Cavallaro S. Functional Genomics Identifies Tis21-Dependent Mechanisms and Putative Cancer Drug Targets Underlying Medulloblastoma Shh-Type Development. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:449. [PMID: 27965576 PMCID: PMC5127835 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently generated a novel medulloblastoma (MB) mouse model with activation of the Shh pathway and lacking the MB suppressor Tis21 (Patched1+/-/Tis21KO ). Its main phenotype is a defect of migration of the cerebellar granule precursor cells (GCPs). By genomic analysis of GCPs in vivo, we identified as drug target and major responsible of this defect the down-regulation of the promigratory chemokine Cxcl3. Consequently, the GCPs remain longer in the cerebellum proliferative area, and the MB frequency is enhanced. Here, we further analyzed the genes deregulated in a Tis21-dependent manner (Patched1+/-/Tis21 wild-type vs. Ptch1+/-/Tis21 knockout), among which are a number of down-regulated tumor inhibitors and up-regulated tumor facilitators, focusing on pathways potentially involved in the tumorigenesis and on putative new drug targets. The data analysis using bioinformatic tools revealed: (i) a link between the Shh signaling and the Tis21-dependent impairment of the GCPs migration, through a Shh-dependent deregulation of the clathrin-mediated chemotaxis operating in the primary cilium through the Cxcl3-Cxcr2 axis; (ii) a possible lineage shift of Shh-type GCPs toward retinal precursor phenotype, i.e., the neural cell type involved in group 3 MB; (iii) the identification of a subset of putative drug targets for MB, involved, among the others, in the regulation of Hippo signaling and centrosome assembly. Finally, our findings define also the role of Tis21 in the regulation of gene expression, through epigenetic and RNA processing mechanisms, influencing the fate of the GCPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gentile
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione Santa Lucia Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione Santa Lucia Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, National Research Council, Fondazione Santa Lucia Rome, Italy
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16
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Zheng C, Diaz-Cuadros M, Chalfie M. Hox Genes Promote Neuronal Subtype Diversification through Posterior Induction in Caenorhabditis elegans. Neuron 2016; 88:514-27. [PMID: 26539892 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Although Hox genes specify the differentiation of neuronal subtypes along the anterior-posterior axis, their mode of action is not entirely understood. Using two subtypes of the touch receptor neurons (TRNs) in C. elegans, we found that a "posterior induction" mechanism underlies the Hox control of terminal neuronal differentiation. The anterior subtype maintains a default TRN state, whereas the posterior subtype undergoes further morphological and transcriptional specification induced by the posterior Hox proteins, mainly EGL-5/Abd-B. Misexpression of the posterior Hox proteins transformed the anterior TRN subtype toward a posterior identity both morphologically and genetically. The specification of the posterior subtype requires EGL-5-induced repression of TALE cofactors, which antagonize EGL-5 functions, and the activation of rfip-1, a component of recycling endosomes, which mediates Hox activities by promoting subtype-specific neurite outgrowth. Finally, EGL-5 is required for subtype-specific circuit formation by acting in both the sensory neuron and downstream interneuron to promote functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaogu Zheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | | | - Martin Chalfie
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
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17
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Hu F, Deng X, Yang X, Jin H, Gu D, Lv X, Wang C, Zhang Y, Huo X, Shen Q, Luo Q, Zhao F, Ge T, Zhao F, Chu W, Shu H, Yao M, Fan J, Qin W. Hypoxia upregulates Rab11-family interacting protein 4 through HIF-1α to promote the metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2015; 34:6007-17. [PMID: 25745995 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic microenvironment is a powerful driving force for the invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α), as a crucial regulator of transcriptional responses to hypoxia, induces the expression of multiple target genes involved in different steps of HCC metastatic process. It is critical to find target genes associated with metastasis under hypoxia for shedding new light on molecular mechanism of HCC metastasis. In this study, we uncovered that hypoxia could induce the upregulation of Rab11-family interacting protein 4 (Rab11-FIP4) and activation of Rab11-FIP4 promoter by HIF-1α. The overexpression of Rab11-FIP4 significantly enhanced the mobility and invasiveness of HCC cells in vitro, also contributed to distant lung metastasis in vivo, whereas silencing of Rab11-FIP4 decreased the ability of migration and invasion in HCC cells in vitro and suppressed lung metastasis in vivo. Rab11-FIP4 facilitated HCC metastasis through the phosphorylation of PRAS40, which was regulated by mTOR. Furthermore, the expression level of Rab11-FIP4 was significantly increased in HCC tissues and high expression of Rab11-FIP4 was closely correlated with vascular invasion and poor prognosis in HCC patients. A markedly positive correlation between the expression of Rab11-FIP4 and HIF-1α was observed in HCC tissues and combination of Rab11-FIP4 and HIF-1α was a more valuable predictor of poor prognosis for HCC patients. In conclusion, Rab11-FIP4 is a target gene of HIF-1α and has a pro-metastatic role in HCC, suggesting that Rab11-FIP4 may be a promising candidate target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Hu
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X Deng
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X Yang
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, The Chinese Ministry of Education, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - D Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Guangdong Medical College, Dongguan, China
| | - X Lv
- Basic Medical Research Centre, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - C Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Y Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - X Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Q Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - F Zhao
- Basic Medical Research Centre, Medical College of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - T Ge
- Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - F Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - W Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - H Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - M Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - J Fan
- Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, The Chinese Ministry of Education, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital and Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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18
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Iida A, Tabata Y, Baba Y, Fujii T, Watanabe S. Critical roles of DNase1l3l in lens nuclear degeneration in zebrafish. Biochimie 2014; 106:68-74. [PMID: 25127661 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2014.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The vertebrate lens undergoes organelle and nuclear degradation during lens development, allowing the lens to become transparent. DNase2b is an enzyme responsible for nuclear degradation in the mouse lens; however, dnase2b expression in zebrafish showed a distribution pattern that differed from that in mice. No zebrafish dnase2b was detected by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction until around 120 h postfertilization (hpf), suggesting that dnase2b is not expressed in the critical period for lens nuclear degradation, which corresponds to 56-74 hpf. However, public database searches have indicated that dnase1l3l is strongly and specifically expressed in embryonic zebrafish lens. Whole mount in situ hybridization showed that dnase1l3l expression began around 36 hpf and was found exclusively in the lens until the adult stage. Morpholino (MO)-dependent downregulation of dnase1l3l expression during early development in zebrafish led to the failure of nuclear degradation in the lens. Immunostaining of lens sections showed that expression of Pax6, Prox1 and β-catenin was comparable to the control in the early stage of development in dnase1l3l-MO injected embryos. However, downregulation of expression of these genes in lens was not observed in dnase1l3l-MO-treated zebrafish at 72 hpf, suggesting that the lens development was halted. Taken together, we showed that dnase1l3l plays major roles in nuclear degradation in zebrafish lens development. No homologous gene was found in other species in public databases, suggesting that dnase1l3l developed and acquired its function specifically in zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsumi Iida
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Yoko Tabata
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Yukihiro Baba
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Tomoaki Fujii
- Division of Clinical Genome Research, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan
| | - Sumiko Watanabe
- Division of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8639 Japan.
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19
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Ouchi Y, Yamamoto J, Iwamoto T. The heterochronic genes lin-28a and lin-28b play an essential and evolutionarily conserved role in early zebrafish development. PLoS One 2014; 9:e88086. [PMID: 24516585 PMCID: PMC3916362 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0088086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Caenorhabditis elegans heterochronic gene pathway, which consists of a set of regulatory genes, plays an important regulatory role in the timing of stage-specific cell lineage development in nematodes. Research into the heterochronic gene pathway gave rise to landmark microRNA (miRNA) studies and showed that these genes are important in stem cell and cancer biology; however, their functions in vertebrate development are largely unknown. To elucidate the function of the heterochronic gene pathway during vertebrate development, we cloned the zebrafish homologs of the C. elegans let-7 miRNA-binding protein, Lin-28, and analyzed their function in zebrafish development. The zebrafish genome contains two Lin28-related genes, lin-28a and lin-28b. Similar to mammalian Lin28 proteins, both zebrafish Lin-28a and Lin-28b have a conserved cold-shock domain and a pair of CCHC zinc finger domains, and are ubiquitously expressed during early embryonic development. In a reciprocal fashion, the expression of downstream heterochronic genes, let-7 and lin-4/miR-125 miRNA, occurred subsequent to lin-28 expression. The knockdown of Lin-28a or Lin-28b function by morpholino microinjection into embryos resulted in severe cell proliferation defects during early morphogenesis. We found that the expression of let-7 miRNA was upregulated and its downstream target gene, lin-41, was downregulated in these embryos. Interestingly, the expression of miR-430, a key regulator of maternal mRNA decay, was downregulated in lin-28a and lin-28b morphant embryos, suggesting a role for Lin-28 in the maternal-to-zygotic transition in zebrafish. Taken together, our results suggest an evolutionarily conserved and pivotal role of the heterochronic gene pathway in early vertebrate embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Ouchi
- The Center for Education in Laboratory Animal Research, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Jyunya Yamamoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashi Iwamoto
- The Center for Education in Laboratory Animal Research, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi, Japan
- * E-mail:
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20
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Rab11 plays an indispensable role in the differentiation and development of the indirect flight muscles in Drosophila. PLoS One 2013; 8:e73305. [PMID: 24023858 PMCID: PMC3759402 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rab11, an evolutionary conserved, ubiquitously expressed subfamily of small monomeric GTPase has been known to regulate diverse cellular and developmental events, by regulating the exocytotic and transcytotic events inside the cell. Our studies show that Rab11 regulates Drosophila adult myogenesis by controlling proliferation and differentiation of the Adult muscle precursors (AMPs). Blocking Rab11 in the AMPs, which fuse to form the Indirect Flight Muscles (IFMs) of fly, renders flies completely flightless and non-viable. The indirect flight musculature, comprising of the differentially patterned dorsal longitudinal muscles (DLMs) and dorsal ventral muscles (DVMs), is affected to different extents. Abrogating or knocking down normal Rab11 function results in severely disrupted IFMs. DLMs forming from larval templates are reduced in number along with a significant reduction in their fibre size. The de novo developing DVMs are frequently absent. The DLMs in Rab11 hypomorphs are highly reduced, showing as a small constricted mass in one half of the thorax. Further, Rab11 function is essential for growth of these muscles during later half of adult myogenesis, as down regulation of Rab11 in IFMs results in degenerated muscles and broken fibres. Finally, we show that loss of Rab11 activity in the AMPs result in acquisition of migratory characteristic of myoblast as they show cellular protrusion at their polar ends accompanied with loss of cell-cell contacts. Our data provide the first evidence of a trafficking protein playing an indispensable role in regulating early stages of adult muscle development.
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21
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Khan AR. Oligomerization of rab/effector complexes in the regulation of vesicle trafficking. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2013; 117:579-614. [PMID: 23663983 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386931-9.00021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rabs comprise the largest member of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases with over 60 proteins in mammals and 11 proteins in yeast. Like all small GTPases, Rabs oscillate between an inactive GDP-bound conformation and an active GTP-bound state that is tethered to lipid membranes via a C-terminal prenylation site on conserved cysteine residues. In their active state, Rabs regulate various aspects of membrane trafficking, including vesicle formation, transport, docking, and fusion. The critical element of biological activity is the recruitment of cytosolic effector proteins to specific endomembranes by active Rabs. The importance of Rabs in cellular processes is apparent from their links to genetic disorders, immunodeficiency, cancer, and pathogen invasion. During the last decade, numerous structures of complexes have shed light on the molecular basis for Rab/effector specificity and their topological organization on subcellular membranes. Here, I review the known structures of Rab/effector complexes and their modes of oligomerization. This is followed by a brief discussion on the thermodynamics of effector recruitment, which has not been documented sufficiently in previous reviews. A summary of diseases associated with Rab/effector trafficking pathways concludes this chapter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir R Khan
- School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland
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22
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Horgan CP, Hanscom SR, Kelly EE, McCaffrey MW. Tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) is a novel binding-partner for the class II Rab11-FIPs. PLoS One 2012; 7:e32030. [PMID: 22348143 PMCID: PMC3279423 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0032030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Rab11-FIPs (Rab11-family interacting proteins; henceforth, FIPs) are a family of Rab11a/Rab11b/Rab25 GTPase effector proteins implicated in an assortment of intracellular trafficking processes. Through proteomic screening, we have identified TSG101 (tumor susceptibility gene 101), a component of the ESCRT-I (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) complex, as a novel FIP4-binding protein, which we find can also bind FIP3. We show that α-helical coiled-coil regions of both TSG101 and FIP4 mediate the interaction with the cognate protein, and that point mutations in the coiled-coil regions of both TSG101 and FIP4 abrogate the interaction. We find that expression of TSG101 and FIP4 mutants cause cytokinesis defects, but that the TSG101-FIP4 interaction is not required for localisation of TSG101 to the midbody/Flemming body during abscission. Together, these data suggest functional overlap between Rab11-controlled processes and components of the ESCRT pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor P. Horgan
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sara R. Hanscom
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoin E. Kelly
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mary W. McCaffrey
- Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- * E-mail:
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23
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Muto A, Calof AL, Lander AD, Schilling TF. Multifactorial origins of heart and gut defects in nipbl-deficient zebrafish, a model of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome. PLoS Biol 2011; 9:e1001181. [PMID: 22039349 PMCID: PMC3201921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) is the founding member of a class of multi-organ system birth defect syndromes termed cohesinopathies, named for the chromatin-associated protein complex cohesin, which mediates sister chromatid cohesion. Most cases of CdLS are caused by haploinsufficiency for Nipped-B-like (Nipbl), a highly conserved protein that facilitates cohesin loading. Consistent with recent evidence implicating cohesin and Nipbl in transcriptional regulation, both CdLS cell lines and tissues of Nipbl-deficient mice show changes in the expression of hundreds of genes. Nearly all such changes are modest, however--usually less than 1.5-fold--raising the intriguing possibility that, in CdLS, severe developmental defects result from the collective action of many otherwise innocuous perturbations. As a step toward testing this hypothesis, we developed a model of nipbl-deficiency in zebrafish, an organism in which we can quantitatively investigate the combinatorial effects of gene expression changes. After characterizing the structure and embryonic expression of the two zebrafish nipbl genes, we showed that morpholino knockdown of these genes produces a spectrum of specific heart and gut/visceral organ defects with similarities to those in CdLS. Analysis of nipbl morphants further revealed that, as early as gastrulation, expression of genes involved in endodermal differentiation (sox32, sox17, foxa2, and gata5) and left-right patterning (spaw, lefty2, and dnah9) is altered. Experimental manipulation of the levels of several such genes--using RNA injection or morpholino knockdown--implicated both additive and synergistic interactions in causing observed developmental defects. These findings support the view that birth defects in CdLS arise from collective effects of quantitative changes in gene expression. Interestingly, both the phenotypes and gene expression changes in nipbl morphants differed from those in mutants or morphants for genes encoding cohesin subunits, suggesting that the transcriptional functions of Nipbl cannot be ascribed simply to its role in cohesin loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Muto
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Anne L. Calof
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Arthur D. Lander
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Thomas F. Schilling
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, United States of America
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Krzyzaniak MA, Mach M, Britt WJ. HCMV-encoded glycoprotein M (UL100) interacts with Rab11 effector protein FIP4. Traffic 2010; 10:1439-57. [PMID: 19761540 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2009.00967.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The envelope of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) consists of a large number of glycoproteins. The most abundant glycoprotein in the HCMV envelope is the glycoprotein M (UL100), which together with glycoprotein N (UL73) form the gM/gN protein complex. Using yeast two-hybrid screening, we found that the gM carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic tail (gM-CT) interacts with FIP4, a Rab11-GTPase effector protein. Depletion of FIP4 expression in HCMV-infected cells resulted in a decrease in infectious virus production that was also associated with an alteration of the HCMV assembly compartment (AC) phenotype. A similar phenotype was also observed in HCMV-infected cells that expressed dominant negative Rab11(S25N). Recently, it has been shown that FIP4 interactions with Rab11 and additionally with Arf6/Arf5 are important for the vesicular transport of proteins in the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC) and during cytokinesis. Surprisingly, FIP4 interaction with gM-CT limited binding of FIP4 with Arf5/Arf6; however, FIP4 interaction with gM-CT did not prevent recruitment of Rab11 into the ternary complex. These data argued for a contribution of the ERC during cytoplasmic envelopment of HCMV and showed a novel FIP4 function independent of Arf5 or Arf6 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena A Krzyzaniak
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, CHB160, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
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25
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Regulation of neurogenesis by interkinetic nuclear migration through an apical-basal notch gradient. Cell 2008; 134:1055-65. [PMID: 18805097 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2007] [Revised: 04/25/2008] [Accepted: 07/11/2008] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The different cell types in the central nervous system develop from a common pool of progenitor cells. The nuclei of progenitors move between the apical and basal surfaces of the neuroepithelium in phase with their cell cycle, a process termed interkinetic nuclear migration (INM). In the retina of zebrafish mikre oko (mok) mutants, in which the motor protein Dynactin-1 is disrupted, interkinetic nuclei migrate more rapidly and deeply to the basal side and more slowly to the apical side. We found that Notch signaling is predominantly activated on the apical side in both mutants and wild-type. Mutant progenitors are, thus, less exposed to Notch and exit the cell cycle prematurely. This leads to an overproduction of early-born retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) at the expense of later-born interneurons and glia. Our data indicate that the function of INM is to balance the exposure of progenitor nuclei to neurogenic versus proliferative signals.
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26
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Ng EL, Tang BL. Rab GTPases and their roles in brain neurons and glia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 58:236-46. [PMID: 18485483 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2007] [Revised: 02/29/2008] [Accepted: 04/06/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ee Ling Ng
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 8 Medical Drive, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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27
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Catalano AE, Raymond PA, Goldman D, Wei X. Zebrafish dou yan mutation causes patterning defects and extensive cell death in the retina. Dev Dyn 2007; 236:1295-306. [PMID: 17436278 PMCID: PMC2922982 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The size of an organ is largely determined by the number of cells it contains, which in turn is regulated by two opposing processes, cell proliferation and cell death, however, it is generally not clear how cell proliferation and cell death are coordinated during development. Here, we characterize the zebrafish dou yan(mi234) mutation that results in a dramatic reduction of retinal size and a disruption of retinal differentiation and lamination. The retinal size reduction is caused by increased retinal cell death in a non-cell-autonomous manner during early development. The phenotypic defect in dou yan(mi234) arises coincident with the onset of retinal neurogenesis and differentiation. Interestingly, unlike many other small eye mutations, the mutation does not increase the level of cell death in the brain, suggesting that the brain and retina use different mechanisms to maintain cell survival. Identification and further study of the dou yan gene will enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating retinal cellular homeostasis, i.e., the balance between cell proliferation and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne E. Catalano
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Pamela A. Raymond
- Department of Molecular, Cellular & Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3003 Kraus Natural Science Building, 830 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1048
| | - Daniel Goldman
- Molecular and Behavioral Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, 5045 Biomedical Sciences Research Building, 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Xiangyun Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 203 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
- Corresponding author: Tel: 412-383-5845, Fax: 412-647-5880,
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28
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Muto A, Aoki Y, Watanabe S. Mouse Rab11-FIP4 regulates proliferation and differentiation of retinal progenitors in a Rab11-independent manner. Dev Dyn 2007; 236:214-25. [PMID: 17089410 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We identified Rab11-family interacting protein 4 (Rab11-FIP4) as a gene strongly expressed in the developing mouse retina. The major transcript encoding a full-length protein, mRab11-FIP4A, was expressed predominantly in neural tissues; whereas an alternative transcript encoding an N-terminally truncated form of the protein, mRab11-FIP4B, was expressed ubiquitously as a minor form. Gain-of-function of mRab11-FIP4A in retina promoted cell cycle exit and increased subpopulations of retinal cells localized in the inner nuclear layer, such as bipolar cells and Müller glia. Reversal of the phenotype was observed in the loss-of-function experiment. Furthermore, Shh signaling was suggested to be involved in these functions. Analysis using truncation mutants revealed the essential role of the N-terminal region containing a conserved EF-hand motif for the retinal phenotypes induced by the expression of mRab11-FIP4A, whereas binding to Rab11 was dispensable, suggesting the involvement of a novel Rab11-independent mechanism for mRab11-FIP4A action in the regulation of retinal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiko Muto
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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