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Colpani A, De Vito A, Zauli B, Menzaghi B, Calcagno A, Celesia BM, Ceccarelli M, Nunnari G, De Socio GV, Di Biagio A, Leoni N, Angioni G, Giambenedetto SD, D'Ettorre G, Babudieri S, Madeddu G. Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Infections and HIV among People Living with HIV: Should We Be Concerned? Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:417. [PMID: 38391793 PMCID: PMC10888293 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Poor knowledge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV among people with HIV (PLHIV) could worsen life quality. We aimed to investigate their STI and HIV knowledge, disclosure and undetectable = untransmittable (U=U). We proposed an anonymous questionnaire regarding STI and HIV to PLHIV attending ten Italian outpatient infectious diseases clinics. Moreover, disclosure and U=U were investigated. The calculated sample size was 178 people. Considering a missing response of 10%, the final sample size was 196. We enrolled 200 PLHIV (73.5% males), with a median age of 52.5 (IQR 41-59) years. The mean score was 7.61 ± 1.22 with no difference by gender, education, and employment. Significant statistical difference was observed by sexual orientation; bisexuals and those who preferred not to answer had a lower score than heterosexuals and MSM (p = 0.0032). PLHIV showed poor knowledge about HIV transmission (25% appropriately answered). Nearly 30% responded that virologically suppressed PLHIV could transmit the infection. Finally, 137 (68.5%) and 158 (79.0%) disclosed to the general practitioner and family and friends, respectively. Nearly 52.0% knew the meaning of U=U, and 83.6% highlighted its positive rebound. In conclusion, important knowledge gaps are present among PLHIV regarding U=U, and its implications are little-known. Improving PLHIVs' awareness will undermine self-stigma and enhance life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnese Colpani
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Andrea De Vito
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Beatrice Zauli
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Barbara Menzaghi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, "Ospedale di Circolo", 21052 Busto Arsizio, Italy
| | - Andrea Calcagno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10123 Torino, Italy
| | - Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Di Biagio
- Infectious Diseases Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Nicola Leoni
- Unit of Infectious Disease, SS Trinità Hospital, 09121 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Goffredo Angioni
- Unit of Infectious Disease, SS Trinità Hospital, 09121 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Simona Di Giambenedetto
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella D'Ettorre
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Rome Sapienza, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sergio Babudieri
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giordano Madeddu
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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2
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Besharat ZM, Trocchianesi S, Verrienti A, Ciampi R, Cantara S, Romei C, Sabato C, Noviello TMR, Po A, Citarella A, Caruso FP, Panariello I, Gianno F, Carpino G, Gaudio E, Chiacchiarini M, Masuelli L, Sponziello M, Pecce V, Ramone T, Maino F, Dotta F, Ceccarelli M, Pezzullo L, Durante C, Castagna MG, Elisei R, Ferretti E. Correction: Circulating miR‑26b‑5p and miR‑451a as diagnostic biomarkers in medullary thyroid carcinoma patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:485. [PMID: 37563447 PMCID: PMC10859328 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z M Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Trocchianesi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Verrienti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - R Ciampi
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Cantara
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - C Romei
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Sabato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - T M R Noviello
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - A Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Citarella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - F P Caruso
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - I Panariello
- Thyroid Surgical Unit, IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - F Gianno
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - G Carpino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Chiacchiarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - L Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Sponziello
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - V Pecce
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - T Ramone
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Maino
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - F Dotta
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Tuscany Centre for Precision Medicine (CReMeP), 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - M Ceccarelli
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - L Pezzullo
- Thyroid Surgical Unit, IRCCS Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - C Durante
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - M G Castagna
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - R Elisei
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Besharat ZM, Trocchianesi S, Verrienti A, Ciampi R, Cantara S, Romei C, Sabato C, Noviello TMR, Po A, Citarella A, Caruso FP, Panariello I, Gianno F, Carpino G, Gaudio E, Chiacchiarini M, Masuelli L, Sponziello M, Pecce V, Ramone T, Maino F, Dotta F, Ceccarelli M, Pezzullo L, Durante C, Castagna MG, Elisei R, Ferretti E. Circulating miR-26b-5p and miR-451a as diagnostic biomarkers in medullary thyroid carcinoma patients. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:2583-2599. [PMID: 37286863 PMCID: PMC10632281 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02115-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/METHODS The determination of tumour biomarkers is paramount to advancing personalized medicine, more so in rare tumours like medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), whose diagnosis is still challenging. The aim of this study was to identify non-invasive circulating biomarkers in MTC. To achieve this goal, paired MTC tissue and plasma extracellular vesicle samples were collected from multiple centres and microRNA (miRNA) expression levels were evaluated. RESULTS The samples from a discovery cohort of 23 MTC patients were analysed using miRNA arrays. Lasso logistic regression analysis resulted in the identification of a set of circulating miRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers. Among them, miR-26b-5p and miR-451a, were highly expressed and their expression decreased during follow-up in disease-free patients in the discovery cohort. Circulating miR-26b-5p and miR-451a were validated using droplet digital PCR in a second independent cohort of 12 MTC patients. CONCLUSION This study allowed the identification and validation of a signature of two circulating miRNAs, miR-26b-5p and miR-451a, in two independent cohorts reporting a significant diagnostic performance for MTC. The results of this study offer advancements in molecular diagnosis of MTC proposing a novel non-invasive tool to use in precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z M Besharat
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - S Trocchianesi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Verrienti
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - R Ciampi
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - S Cantara
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - C Romei
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - C Sabato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - T M R Noviello
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - A Po
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - A Citarella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - F P Caruso
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - I Panariello
- Thyroid Surgical Unit, IRCCS Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - F Gianno
- Department of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomo-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - G Carpino
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - E Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - M Chiacchiarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - L Masuelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - M Sponziello
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - V Pecce
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - T Ramone
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - F Maino
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - F Dotta
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Tuscany Centre for Precision Medicine (CReMeP), 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - M Ceccarelli
- Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche "Gaetano Salvatore", 83031, Ariano Irpino, Italy
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80138, Naples, Italy
| | - L Pezzullo
- Thyroid Surgical Unit, IRCCS Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - C Durante
- Department of Translational and Precision Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - M G Castagna
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Sciences, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - R Elisei
- Endocrine Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126, Pisa, Italy
| | - E Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161, Rome, Italy.
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Marino A, Pulvirenti S, Campanella E, Stracquadanio S, Ceccarelli M, Micali C, Tina LG, Di Dio G, Stefani S, Cacopardo B, Nunnari G. Ceftazidime-Avibactam Treatment for Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteremia in Preterm Infants in NICU: A Clinical Experience. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1169. [PMID: 37508265 PMCID: PMC10376358 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12071169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) is an antibiotic combination approved for the treatment of several infections caused by multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacteria. Neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) are at high risk of developing bacterial infections, and the choice of appropriate antibiotics is crucial. However, the use of antibiotics in neonates carries risks such as antibiotic resistance and disruption of gut microbiota. This study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of CAZ/AVI in preterm infants admitted to the NICU. Retrospective data from preterm infants with Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia who received CAZ/AVI were analyzed. Clinical and microbiological responses, adverse events, and outcomes were evaluated. Eight patients were included in the study, all of whom showed clinical improvement and achieved microbiological cure with CAZ/AVI treatment. No adverse drug reactions were reported. Previous antibiotic therapies failed to improve the neonates' condition, and CAZ/AVI was initiated based on clinical deterioration and epidemiological considerations. The median duration of CAZ/AVI treatment was 14 days, and combination therapy with fosfomycin or amikacin was administered. Previous case reports have also shown positive outcomes with CAZ/AVI in neonates. However, larger trials are needed to further investigate the safety and efficacy of CAZ/AVI in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sarah Pulvirenti
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Edoardo Campanella
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Stefano Stracquadanio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, 94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Cristina Micali
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Giovanna Di Dio
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefania Stefani
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Manni S, Del Bufalo F, Merli P, Silvestris DA, Guercio M, Caruso S, Reddel S, Iaffaldano L, Pezzella M, Di Cecca S, Sinibaldi M, Ottaviani A, Quadraccia MC, Aurigemma M, Sarcinelli A, Ciccone R, Abbaszadeh Z, Ceccarelli M, De Vito R, Lodi MC, Cefalo MG, Mastronuzzi A, De Angelis B, Locatelli F, Quintarelli C. Neutralizing IFNγ improves safety without compromising efficacy of CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3423. [PMID: 37296093 PMCID: PMC10256701 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38723-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy may achieve long-lasting remission in patients with B-cell malignancies not responding to conventional therapies. However, potentially severe and hard-to-manage side effects, including cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity and macrophage activation syndrome, and the lack of pathophysiological experimental models limit the applicability and development of this form of therapy. Here we present a comprehensive humanized mouse model, by which we show that IFNγ neutralization by the clinically approved monoclonal antibody, emapalumab, mitigates severe toxicity related to CAR-T cell therapy. We demonstrate that emapalumab reduces the pro-inflammatory environment in the model, thus allowing control of severe CRS and preventing brain damage, characterized by multifocal hemorrhages. Importantly, our in vitro and in vivo experiments show that IFNγ inhibition does not affect the ability of CD19-targeting CAR-T (CAR.CD19-T) cells to eradicate CD19+ lymphoma cells. Thus, our study provides evidence that anti-IFNγ treatment might reduce immune related adverse effect without compromising therapeutic success and provides rationale for an emapalumab-CAR.CD19-T cell combination therapy in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Manni
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Del Bufalo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro Merli
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Marika Guercio
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Caruso
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sofia Reddel
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Iaffaldano
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michele Pezzella
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Di Cecca
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Matilde Sinibaldi
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Ottaviani
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Cecilia Quadraccia
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariasole Aurigemma
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Sarcinelli
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Roselia Ciccone
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Zeinab Abbaszadeh
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rita De Vito
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Lodi
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giuseppina Cefalo
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Biagio De Angelis
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Concetta Quintarelli
- Department of Haematology-Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Ceccarelli M. Editorial: Cerebellar development and medulloblastoma: new players and therapeutic options. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1214635. [PMID: 37255598 PMCID: PMC10225721 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1214635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Hematology/Oncology and Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (CNR), Rome, Italy
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7
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Marino A, Calvo M, Trovato L, Scalia G, Gussio M, Consoli U, Ceccarelli M, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B. Mucorales/ Fusarium Mixed Infection in Hematologic Patient with COVID-19 Complications: An Unfortunate Combination. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020304. [PMID: 36839576 PMCID: PMC9964160 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematological diseases, especially those causing severe neutropenia, represent the main factor in the development of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Furthermore, COVID-19 has been considerably associated with IFIs due to immunological dysregulation, prolonged hospitalization in intensive care units, and immunomodulatory therapies. Opportunistic molds are correlated with elevated morbidity and mortality rates in these patients, due to immune impairment, diagnostic complexity, and therapeutic challenges. Among opportunistic fungal infections, the Mucorales and Fusarium species are considered particularly aggressive, especially during severe neutropenia. A mixed Mucorales/Fusarium infection has been rarely described in scientific literature. Herein, we report a case of Mucorales and Fusarium co-infection in a patient with acute leukemia whose clinical history was also complicated by COVID-19. Herein, we report a challenging case in order to encourage the clinical suspicion of combined fungal infections in immunosuppressed patients, performing a punctual microbiological diagnosis, and promptly administering the correct empiric and targeted antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Maddalena Calvo
- U.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Trovato
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- U.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Guido Scalia
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- U.O.C. Laboratory Analysis Unit, A.O.U. “Policlinico-Vittorio Emanuele”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Gussio
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Ugo Consoli
- Unità Operativa Complessa (UOC) di Ematologia, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catania, Italy
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8
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Ambrogi V, Bolli E, Ceccarelli M, Kaciulis S, Mezzi A, Montanari R, Pakhomova E, Richetta M, Varone A. Surface modifications of biodegradable AZ31 alloy after immersion in physiological solution. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.7195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V. Ambrogi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | - E. Bolli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Roma Italy
- ISMN ‐ CNR
| | - M. Ceccarelli
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | | | | | - R. Montanari
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | - E. Pakhomova
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università di Cagliari Via Marengo 2 09123 Cagliari Italy
| | - M. Richetta
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Roma Italy
| | - A. Varone
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 00133 Roma Italy
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9
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Marino A, Stracquadanio S, Campanella E, Munafò A, Gussio M, Ceccarelli M, Bernardini R, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B. Intravenous Fosfomycin: A Potential Good Partner for Cefiderocol. Clinical Experience and Considerations. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 12:antibiotics12010049. [PMID: 36671250 PMCID: PMC9854867 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteremia represents a therapeutic challenge clinicians have to deal with. This concern becomes more difficult when causing germs are represented by carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii or difficult-to-treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Few antibiotics are available against these cumbersome bacteria, although literature data are not conclusive, especially for Acinetobacter. Cefiderocol could represent a valid antibiotic choice, being a molecule with an innovative mechanism of action capable of overcoming common resistance pathways, whereas intravenous fosfomycin may be an appropriate partner either enhancing cefiderocol activity or avoiding resistance development. Here we report two patients with MDR Gram negative bacteremia who were successfully treated with a cefiderocol/fosfomycin combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS, Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Stefano Stracquadanio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Edoardo Campanella
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS, Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Antonio Munafò
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Gussio
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS, Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS, Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS, Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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10
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Di Giacomo A, Noviello T, Caruso F, Scala G, Ferraro L, Covre A, Coral S, Anichini A, Maio M, Ceccarelli M. 12P Multi-omics correlation with clinical outcome in metastatic melanoma patients treated with ipilimumab plus guadecitabine: The NIBIT-M4 study. Immuno-Oncology and Technology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.iotech.2022.100117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Macca L, Moscatt V, Ceccarelli M, Ingrasciotta Y, Nunnari G, Guarneri C. Hidradenitis Suppurativa in Patients with HIV: A Scoping Review. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2761. [PMID: 36359281 PMCID: PMC9687577 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating skin disease of the apocrine glands. Bibliographic search revealed few studies concerning the association between HS and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). To assess this link, we performed a systematic review of the current knowledge through a careful analysis of the relevant and authoritative medical literature in the field. Results showed that people with HIV are particularly susceptible to developing HS with the characteristic involvement of atypical sites, such as face or thighs, due to HIV-related immunosuppression. Based on the pathogenesis of both conditions and according to our review, we suggest that HIV screening should be routinely performed in suspected cases while monitoring and integrated approach in management are mandatory in the management of HIV-positive patients with HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Macca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy C/O ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Nesima” Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Italy C/O ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Nesima” Hospital, Via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Ylenia Ingrasciotta
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Claudio Guarneri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
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12
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Celesia M, Moscatt V, Tzannis A, Trezzi M, Focà E, Errico M, Cinque P, Nozza S, Cingolani A, Ceccarelli M, Celesia BM. Long-acting drugs: people's expectations and physicians' preparedness. Are we readying to manage it? An Italian survey. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30052. [PMID: 36281167 PMCID: PMC9592418 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To evaluate patients' expectations regarding long-acting antiretroviral agents and preferences about where to receive them. Multicenter cross-sectional survey-based study. Through an online survey, we asked people living with human immunodeficiency virus to judge their relationship with daily antiretroviral therapy (ART) and to give their opinion about long-acting drugs. We also collected data regarding the age of the patients, their site of follow-up, time since the diagnosis, and compliance to ART. Two hundred forty-two patients aged 18 to 79 years were included in the study: 58 (24%) females, 182 (75.2%) males, and 2 (0.8%) male-to-female transgenders. 81.8% of the said population had a good relationship with ART. 33.6% of them consider daily ART an obligation and a restriction to their freedom. One hundred forty-three (59.1%) patients already knew about long-acting drugs before our interview, and 215 (88.8%) patients were interested in it. One hundred fifty-six (64.4%) interviewees said they would still be interested in hospital-available injective long-acting drugs, although 57.9% of the patients would rather receive them at home. The data emerging from our survey reveal that around 90% of the people living with HIV are interested in changing their actual treatment with a long-acting one. Moreover, for the first time to our knowledge, such a high number of patients showed an enthusiastic response to the new opportunity to be treated directly at home. The introduction of these new drugs could be revolutionary and represents an important step toward treatment simplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Celesia
- Economics and Business Management/Service Management, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Tzannis
- Economics and Business Management/Service Management, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Trezzi
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Ospedale San Jacopo – Pistoia – AUSL 3, Pistoia, Italy
| | - Emanuele Focà
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Paola Cinque
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS S. Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Nozza
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS S. Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonella Cingolani
- Department of Laboratory and Infectious Disease Sciences, Unit of Infectious Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico Universitario Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- * Correspondence: Manuela Ceccarelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, c/o ARNAS Garibaldi – Nesima Hospital, Hospice Building, Via Palermo 636, Catania 95122, Italy (e-mail: )
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13
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Moscatt V, Marino A, Ceccarelli M, Cosentino F, Zagami A, Celesia B, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B. Possible role of low dose dexamethasone administration in listeria monocytogenes meningoencephalitis: A case series. Biomed Rep 2022; 17:73. [PMID: 35950097 PMCID: PMC9353624 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vittoria Moscatt
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Sicily
| | - Andrea Marino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Cosentino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Sicily
| | - Aldo Zagami
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Benedetto Celesia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Sicily
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
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14
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Marino A, Campanella E, Stracquadanio S, Ceccarelli M, Zagami A, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B. Corynebacterium striatum Bacteremia during SARS-CoV2 Infection: Case Report, Literature Review, and Clinical Considerations. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:383-390. [PMID: 35645221 PMCID: PMC9149851 DOI: 10.3390/idr14030042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections, especially those in hospital settings, represent a major complication of COVID-19 patients, complicating management and worsening clinical outcomes. Corynebacterium striatum is a non-diphtheric actinobacterium that has been reported as being the causative agent of several different infections, affecting both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Recently, C. striatum has been recognized as a nosocomial pathogen that is responsible for severe infection in critical patients, as well as in fragile and immunocompromised subjects. C. striatum has been described as the etiological agent of bacteremia, central line infections, and endocarditis. We report a case of a 91-year-old woman who was hospitalized due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, who developed C. striatum bacteremia and died despite antimicrobial therapy and clinical efforts. Furthermore, we discuss C. striatum diagnosis and treatment based on evidence from the scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catani, Italy; (M.C.); (A.Z.); (B.C.)
| | - Edoardo Campanella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Stefano Stracquadanio
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catani, Italy; (M.C.); (A.Z.); (B.C.)
| | - Aldo Zagami
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catani, Italy; (M.C.); (A.Z.); (B.C.)
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (E.C.); (G.N.)
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95122 Catani, Italy; (M.C.); (A.Z.); (B.C.)
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15
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Ceccarelli M, Marino A, Pulvirenti S, Coco V, Busà B, Nunnari G, Cacopardo BS. Bacterial and Fungal Co-Infections and Superinfections in a Cohort of COVID-19 Patients: Real-Life Data from an Italian Third Level Hospital. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:372-382. [PMID: 35645220 PMCID: PMC9149992 DOI: 10.3390/idr14030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of immune suppressive drugs combined with the natural immune suppression caused by SARS-CoV-2 can lead to a surge of secondary bacterial and fungal infections. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of superinfections in hospitalized subjects with COVID-19. We carried out an observational retrospective single center cohort study. We enrolled patients admitted at the “Garibaldi” hospital for ≥72 h, with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. All patients were routinely investigated for bacterial, viral, and fungal pathogens. A total of 589 adults with COVID-19 were included. A total of 88 infections were documented in different sites among 74 patients (12.6%). As for the etiology, 84 isolates were bacterial (95.5%), while only 4 were fungal (4.5%). A total of 51 episodes of hospital-acquired infections (HAI) were found in 43 patients, with a bacterial etiology in 47 cases (92.2%). Community-acquired infections (CAIs) are more frequently caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, while HAIs are mostly associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A high rate of CAIs and HAIs due to the use of high-dose corticosteroids and long hospital stays can be suspected. COVID-19 patients should be routinely evaluated for infection and colonization. More data about antimicrobial resistance and its correlation with antibiotic misuse in COVID-19 patients are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Nesima” Hospital, I-95122 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.)
| | - Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Nesima” Hospital, I-95122 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.)
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sarah Pulvirenti
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Nesima” Hospital, I-95122 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.)
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Viviana Coco
- Unit of Hospital Pharmacy, ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Garibaldi” Hospital, I-95124 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Barbara Busà
- Unit of Hospital Pharmacy, ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Garibaldi” Hospital, I-95124 Catania, Italy; (V.C.); (B.B.)
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Bruno Santi Cacopardo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy;
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Nesima” Hospital, I-95122 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (S.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-759-8664
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16
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Marino A, Munafò A, Augello E, Bellanca CM, Bonomo C, Ceccarelli M, Musso N, Cantarella G, Cacopardo B, Bernardini R. Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:360-371. [PMID: 35645219 PMCID: PMC9149900 DOI: 10.3390/idr14030040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Two years have passed since WHO declared a pandemic state for SARS-CoV-2 infection. COVID-19 pathogenesis consists of a first viral phase responsible for early symptoms followed by an inflammatory phase, cytokine-mediated, responsible for late-onset manifestations up to ARDS. The dysregulated immune response has an outstanding role in the progression of pulmonary damage in COVID-19. IL-6, through the induction of pro-inflammatory chemokines and cytokines, plays a key role in the development and maintenance of inflammation, acting as a pioneer of the hyperinflammatory condition and cytokine storm in severe COVID-19. Therefore, drugs targeting both IL-6 and IL-6 receptors have been evaluated in order to blunt the abnormal SARS-CoV-2-induced cytokine release. Sarilumab, a high-affinity anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, may represent a promising weapon to treat the fearsome hyperinflammatory phase by improving the outcome of patients with moderate-to-severe COVID-19 pneumonia. Further prospective and well-designed clinical studies with larger sample sizes and long-term follow-up are needed to assess the efficacy and the safety of this therapeutic approach to achieve improved outcomes in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (C.B.); (N.M.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Antonio Munafò
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.A.); (C.M.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Egle Augello
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.A.); (C.M.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Carlo Maria Bellanca
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.A.); (C.M.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Carmelo Bonomo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (C.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Nicolò Musso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science (BIOMETEC), University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (C.B.); (N.M.)
| | - Giuseppina Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.A.); (C.M.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, Section of Pharmacology, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (E.A.); (C.M.B.); (G.C.); (R.B.)
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
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Marino A, Campanella E, Ceccarelli M, Bonomo C, Gussio M, Micali C, Celesia BM, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B. Severe Neutropenia after Sarilumab Administration in Two COVID-19 Patients: Case Reports and Literature Review. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Two years have passed since the WHO declared a pandemic state for SARS-CoV2 infection. COVID-19 pathogenesis consists of a first viral phase responsible for early symptoms followed by an inflammatory phase, which is cytokine-mediated, responsible for late-onset signs up to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Considering that interleukin (IL)6 plays a key role in the development and maintenance of inflammation, drugs targeting both IL6 and IL6 receptors have been evaluated.
CASE REPORTS: The present study reports the cases of two hospitalized patients with severe respiratory COVID-19 treated with a single dose of intravenous sarilumab, a monoclonal anti-IL6 antibody, along with standard of care medications and high-flow oxygen therapy. Although a few days following sarilumab administration, clinical and biochemical conditions started ameliorating, these patients developed severe and self-limiting neutropenia.
CONCLUSION: Sarilumab may represent a promising weapon to treat the fearsome hyperinflammatory phase; however, more trials are needed to decide whether to use it in combination with other drugs or alone, and to better understand pharmacokinetics and side effects.
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18
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Cosentino F, Moscatt V, Marino A, Pampaloni A, Scuderi D, Ceccarelli M, Benanti F, Gussio M, Larocca L, Boscia V, Vinci G, Zagami A, Onorante A, Lupo G, Torrisi S, Grasso S, Bruno R, Iacobello C, Bonfante S, Guarneri L, Cascio A, Franco A, Del Vecchio R, Di Rosolini M, Pulvirenti A, Larnè D, Nunnari G, Celesia B, Cacopardo B. Clinical characteristics and predictors of death among hospitalized patients infected with SARS‑CoV‑2 in Sicily, Italy: A retrospective observational study. Biomed Rep 2022; 16:34. [PMID: 35386106 PMCID: PMC8972844 DOI: 10.3892/br.2022.1517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cosentino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessio Pampaloni
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Scuderi
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Benanti
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Gussio
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Licia Larocca
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Boscia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vinci
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Aldo Zagami
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Onorante
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Gaetano Lupo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Torrisi
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Silvana Grasso
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Roberto Bruno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo Iacobello
- Infectious Disease Unit, Cannizzaro Hospital, I-95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Salvatore Bonfante
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Gravina Hospital, I-95041 Caltagirone, Catania, Italy
| | - Luigi Guarneri
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Enna Hospital, I-94100 Enna, Italy
| | - Antonio Cascio
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Health Promotion Sciences Maternal and Infantile Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (PROMISE), University of Palermo, I-90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonella Franco
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Siracusa Hospital, I-96100 Siracusa, Italy
| | | | - Maria Di Rosolini
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Modica Hospital, I-97015 Ragusa, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pulvirenti
- Bioinformatics Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Damiano Larnè
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Benedetto Celesia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
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19
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Pistarà E, Marino A, Ceccarelli M, Cosentino F, Moscatt V, Gussio M, Micali C, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B, Celesia BM. HIV Infection Diagnosis in a Late Presenter Patient during a Severe Imported Falciparum Malaria: A Challenging. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Malaria and HIV share the same epidemiological spreading and coinfection may be clinically challenging. In 2019, nearly all malaria cases reported by EU/EEA countries were imported. Severe falciparum malaria is a medical emergency often associated with poor outcome, even when treated with appropriate therapy.
CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we described an unusual case of a late presenter HIV diagnosis made during the management of a severe falciparum malaria in an Italian traveler returning from Nigeria, who did not take antimalaria prophylaxis. Clinical course was complicated by the occurrence of several superinfections caused by deep immunosuppression, and bilateral subsegmental pulmonary embolism.
CONCLUSION: Although critical conditions, malaria prompt diagnosis and treatment, along with HIV diagnosis and the successful treatment of occurred superinfection, resulted in a positive outcome.
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20
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Motolese A, Ceccarelli M, Macca L, Li Pomi F, Ingrasciotta Y, Nunnari G, Guarneri C. Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Psoriasis and Risk of Infectious Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020228. [PMID: 35203438 PMCID: PMC8869084 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin and joint disease, with a plethora of comorbidities, characterized by a certain genetic predisposition, and a complex pathogenesis based on the IL-23/IL-17 pathway. There is no doubt that the patients affected by psoriasis are more susceptible to infections as well as that the risk of infection is higher in psoriatic subjects than in the general population. The advent of biotechnological agents on the therapeutic arsenal actually available for the treatment of moderate-to-severe patients, given the fact that the severity of the disease is a predictor of the level of infectious risk, has raised the question of whether these ‘new’ drugs could be considered a safer option and how they can be used in selected cases. Old and newer strategies in cases of chronic infectious conditions are reviewed under the light of clinical trials and other studies present in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Motolese
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (L.M.); (F.L.P.)
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy C/O ARNAS “Garibaldi”, “Nesima” Hospital, via Palermo 636, 95122 Catania, Italy;
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Laura Macca
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (L.M.); (F.L.P.)
| | - Federica Li Pomi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy; (A.M.); (L.M.); (F.L.P.)
| | - Ylenia Ingrasciotta
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Claudio Guarneri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy C/O A.O.U.P. “Gaetano Martino”, via Consolare Valeria, 1, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-2212-894; Fax: +39-09-029-27691
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21
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Micali C, Russotto Y, Caci G, Ceccarelli M, Marino A, Celesia BM, Pellicanò GF, Nunnari G, Venanzi Rullo E. Loco-Regional Treatments for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in People Living with HIV. Infect Dis Rep 2022; 14:43-55. [PMID: 35076514 PMCID: PMC8788283 DOI: 10.3390/idr14010006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for approximately 75–90% of primary liver cancers and is the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. In the HIV-positive population, the risk of HCC is approximately four times higher than in the general population, with higher cancer-specific mortality than in HIV-negative patients. In most cases, HCC diagnosis is made in patients younger than the HIV-negative population and in the intermediate-advanced stage, thus limiting the therapeutic possibilities. Treatment choice in HIV-positive patients with HCC is subject to cancer staging, liver function and health status, as for HIV-negative and non-HIV-negative HCC patients. There are relatively few studies on the efficacy and safety in HIV-positive patients to date in loco-regional treatments for HCC. So far, literature shows that curative treatments such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA) have no significant differences in overall survival between HIV-positive and HIV-negative patients, as opposed to palliative treatments such as TACE, where there is a significant difference in overall survival. Although it can be assumed that the most recently discovered loco-regional therapies are applicable to HIV-positive patients with HCC in the same way as HIV-negative patients, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. The purpose of our review is to evaluate these treatments, their efficacy, effectiveness, safety and their applicability to HIV-positive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Micali
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (Y.R.); (G.C.); (G.N.); (E.V.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-090-2212032
| | - Ylenia Russotto
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (Y.R.); (G.C.); (G.N.); (E.V.R.)
| | - Grazia Caci
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (Y.R.); (G.C.); (G.N.); (E.V.R.)
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (A.M.); (B.M.C.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (A.M.); (B.M.C.)
| | - Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95131 Catania, Italy; (M.C.); (A.M.); (B.M.C.)
| | - Giovanni Francesco Pellicanò
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Adult and Childhood Human Pathology “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (Y.R.); (G.C.); (G.N.); (E.V.R.)
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy; (Y.R.); (G.C.); (G.N.); (E.V.R.)
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22
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Ceccarelli M, Marino A, Cosentino F, Moscatt V, Celesia BM, Gussio M, Bruno R, Rullo EV, Nunnari G, Cacopardo BS. Post-infectious ST elevation myocardial infarction following a COVID-19 infection: A case report. Biomed Rep 2022; 16:10. [PMID: 34987794 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been shown to increase the risk of thrombotic events due to a hypercoagulable state caused by several factors. The case of a 59-year-old woman affected by hypertension and metabolic disorders, treated for a COVID-19 infection who developed cardiac symptoms during the first days of hospitalization is reported. Electrocardiogram analysis and cardiac-ultrasound confirmed ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) diagnosis, thus the patient underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, which was successful. This case highlights a possible association between respiratory infection, particularly SARS-CoV-2 infection, and cardiovascular events, in particular Acute Coronary Syndrome. The association between these phenomena seems related to a range of factors, including a proinflammatory state and the hypoxemia. Moreover, the association amongst SARS-CoV-2 and cardiovascular diseases may be also linked to long-term sequelae. Thus, further studies are required to better understand the multifaceted and severe complications of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy
| | - Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy
| | - Federica Cosentino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy.,Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-I98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy.,Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-I98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy
| | - Maria Gussio
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy
| | - Roberto Bruno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-I98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, I-I98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Santi Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi, Nesima Hospital, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Sicily, Italy
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23
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Guardiani C, Cecconi F, Chiodo L, Cottone G, Malgaretti P, Maragliano L, Barabash ML, Camisasca G, Ceccarelli M, Corry B, Roth R, Giacomello A, Roux B. Computational methods and theory for ion channel research. Adv Phys X 2022; 7:2080587. [PMID: 35874965 PMCID: PMC9302924 DOI: 10.1080/23746149.2022.2080587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ion channels are fundamental biological devices that act as gates in order to ensure selective ion transport across cellular membranes; their operation constitutes the molecular mechanism through which basic biological functions, such as nerve signal transmission and muscle contraction, are carried out. Here, we review recent results in the field of computational research on ion channels, covering theoretical advances, state-of-the-art simulation approaches, and frontline modeling techniques. We also report on few selected applications of continuum and atomistic methods to characterize the mechanisms of permeation, selectivity, and gating in biological and model channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Guardiani
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - F. Cecconi
- CNR - Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, Rome, Italy and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, INFN, Roma1 section. 00185, Roma, Italy
| | - L. Chiodo
- Department of Engineering, Campus Bio-Medico University, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Cottone
- Department of Physics and Chemistry-Emilio Segrè, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - P. Malgaretti
- Helmholtz Institute Erlangen-Nürnberg for Renewable Energy (IEK-11), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Erlangen, Germany
| | - L. Maragliano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy, and Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova, Italy
| | - M. L. Barabash
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - G. Camisasca
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - M. Ceccarelli
- Department of Physics and CNR-IOM, University of Cagliari, Monserrato 09042-IT, Italy
| | - B. Corry
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - R. Roth
- Institut Für Theoretische Physik, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - A. Giacomello
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica e Aerospaziale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - B. Roux
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago IL, USA
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24
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Marino A, Munafò A, Zagami A, Ceccarelli M, Campanella E, Cosentino F, Moscatt V, Cantarella G, Di Mauro R, Bernardini R, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B. Ampicillin plus ceftriaxone therapy against Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis: A case report, guidelines considerations, and literature review. IDCases 2022; 28:e01462. [PMID: 35265458 PMCID: PMC8899221 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2022.e01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis (EFIE) continues to be a very serious disease, showing considerable morbidity and mortality rates which are influenced by the spread of multi-drug resistant strains occurred in the last decades. Although aminoglycosides were considered the treatment of choice of EIFE, in recent years several studies have investigated alternative therapeutic approaches, including combinations of beta-lactams, mainly because of the aminoglycoside-renowned nephrotoxicity and the widespread development of high-level aminoglycosides resistance (HLAR). In this scenario, we reported a case involving a prosthetic valve infective endocarditis caused by an aminoglycoside-resistant E. faecalis strain which was successfully treated with ampicillin plus ceftriaxone despite the presence of artificial heart valve and the patient’s severe clinical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
- Correspondence to: ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, Via Palermo, 636, 95122 Catania, Italy.
| | - Antonio Munafò
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Aldo Zagami
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Edoardo Campanella
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Cosentino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Rosaria Di Mauro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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25
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Marino A, Zafarana G, Ceccarelli M, Cosentino F, Moscatt V, Bruno G, Bruno R, Benanti F, Cacopardo B, Celesia BM. Immunological and Clinical Impact of DAA-Mediated HCV Eradication in a Cohort of HIV/HCV Coinfected Patients: Monocentric Italian Experience. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:2336. [PMID: 34943573 PMCID: PMC8700507 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
HCV treatment became available for all infected patients regardless of their comorbidities, especially for HIV coinfected subjects, leading to an improvement in both clinical and immunological conditions. We retrospectively analyzed a cohort of HIV/HCV coinfected patients treated with DAA therapies; data regarding epidemiological, viral-immunological, and hepatic parameters before and after DAA administration have been collected. Drug-drug interactions between DAA and both antiretroviral therapy and non-ART-drugs were also evaluated; the study showed the efficacy of DAA schedules in HCV eradication also for HIV/HCV patients with multiple comorbidities and assuming many different drugs. Principal issues are still represented by drug interactions, pill burden, and patients' compliance. These concerns have to be taken into account, especially in HIV patients for whom the immunological state and ART interactions should always be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriella Zafarana
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Federica Cosentino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bruno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Roberto Bruno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Francesco Benanti
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
| | - Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (G.Z.); (M.C.); (F.C.); (V.M.); (G.B.); (R.B.); (F.B.); (B.C.)
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Schöffski P, Bahleda R, Wagner A, Burgess M, Junker N, Chisamore M, Peterson P, Ceccarelli M, William T. 154P Results of an open-label, phase Ia/Ib study of olaratumab plus pembrolizumab in patients with unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic soft tissue sarcoma. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.10.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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27
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Gulizia C, Smilari P, Greco F, Fontana A, Ceccarelli M, Venanzi Rullo E, Nunnari G, Pavone P. Atypical Presentation of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Encephalitis in Pediatric Age. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2021.6244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The annual incidence of herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is 1:250–500 thousand in developed countries, which makes it the most common viral cause of encephalitis. Encephalitis caused by HSV-1 probably accounts for most of the cases in the Herpesviridae family and typically affects older children.
CASE REPORT: An atypical presentation of pediatric herpetic encephalitis is reported. The child presented with recurrent seizures that were initially unresponsive to several anticonvulsant drugs. EEG and MRI of the brain were not effective for diagnosis. PCR analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid indicated positivity for HSV DNA and was crucial for the diagnosis as a highly sensitive and specific test.
CONCLUSION: Based on the clinical presentation of the child, viral encephalitis was deemed to be the most likely aetiological condition.
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Marino A, Munafò A, Zagami A, Ceccarelli M, Di Mauro R, Cantarella G, Bernardini R, Nunnari G, Cacopardo B. Ampicillin Plus Ceftriaxone Regimen against Enterococcus faecalis Endocarditis: A Literature Review. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10194594. [PMID: 34640612 PMCID: PMC8509562 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10194594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis (EFIE) continues to represent a potentially fatal infectious disease characterized by elevated morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in antimicrobial therapy, changing demographics and the reduced availability of useful antibiotics combined with the dissemination of multi-drug resistant strains, the mortality rate remained unchanged in the last decades. Nowadays, optimizing the antibiotic regimen is still of paramount importance. Historically, aminoglycosides were considered as a cornerstone for treatment even though their use is associated with a high risk of kidney failure. It is against this background that, in recent years, several studies have been carried in order to assess the validity of alternative therapeutic approaches, including combinations of beta-lactams, that, acting synergistically, have yielded useful results in different clinical settings. In this scenario, we searched and critically report clinical studies assessing the efficacy and safety of double beta-lactam therapy in treating EFIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (A.Z.); (M.C.); (B.C.)
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Antonio Munafò
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (R.D.M.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Aldo Zagami
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (A.Z.); (M.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (A.Z.); (M.C.); (B.C.)
| | - Rosaria Di Mauro
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (R.D.M.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Cantarella
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (R.D.M.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Renato Bernardini
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Science, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (R.D.M.); (G.C.)
- Unit of Clinical Toxicology, Policlinico G. Rodolico, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-095-478-1190
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy;
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.M.); (A.Z.); (M.C.); (B.C.)
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Longhitano E, Nardi C, Calabrese V, Messina R, Mazzeo G, Venanzi Rullo E, Ceccarelli M, Chatrenet A, Saulnier P, Torreggiani M, Nunnari G, Piccoli GB, Santoro D. Hypernatraemia and low eGFR at hospitalization in COVID-19 patients: a deadly combination. Clin Kidney J 2021; 14:2227-2233. [PMID: 34603699 PMCID: PMC8394821 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had a profound impact on the general population and the burden of pre-existing comorbidities has heavily affected the outcome of the infection. Hyponatraemia has been frequently described. Conversely, hypernatraemia has rarely been described in COVID-19. Methods The studied cohort encompasses all COVID-19 patients consecutively admitted to the Messina Hospital, Italy, during the first wave of the epidemic. Since healthcare structures were not overwhelmed at that time, indications for hospitalization were homogeneous throughout the study period. Serum sodium levels, kidney function [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)], demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded at admission. Correlation between mortality, sodium and eGFR was evaluated by survival curves and univariate and multivariate regression models. Results Baseline biochemical and clinical data at the time of admission were available for 115 COVID-19-confirmed patients. The median age at admission was 73 years (48% men), with a median Charlson Comorbidity Index of 4. A total of 23.5% of patients presented with a sodium level ≥146 mmol/L, while 7.8% had sodium <135 mmol/L. Hypernatraemic patients were older, with higher comorbidity. Age, hypernatraemia and reduced eGFR were associated with increased mortality in both univariate and multivariate regression models (P < 0.001). The combination of hypernatraemia and reduced renal function at admission had an odds ratio of 47.67 (95% confidence interval 10.08–225.43) of dying compared with patients with an eGFR ≥60 mL/min and sodium <145 mmol/L. Conclusions Our study suggests that the association between hypernatraemia and reduced eGFR at referral is a highly relevant prognostic marker for death during hospitalization. The role of this association should be further tested in larger, multicentre cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Longhitano
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Chiara Nardi
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Calabrese
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Messina
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuliana Mazzeo
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood 'G Barresi', A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Antoine Chatrenet
- Néphrologie et Dialyse, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Le Mans, France.,Laboratory 'Movement, Interactions, Performance' (EA 4334), Le Mans University, Le Mans, France
| | - Patrick Saulnier
- Département de Biostatistiques et Méthodologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France
| | | | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Section of Anesthesiology, Department of Human Pathology of Adult and Childhood 'G Barresi', A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giorgina Barbara Piccoli
- Néphrologie et Dialyse, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, Le Mans, France.,Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Domenico Santoro
- Unit of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, A.O.U. 'G. Martino', University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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30
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Micheli L, Creanza TM, Ceccarelli M, D'Andrea G, Giacovazzo G, Ancona N, Coccurello R, Scardigli R, Tirone F. Transcriptome Analysis in a Mouse Model of Premature Aging of Dentate Gyrus: Rescue of Alpha-Synuclein Deficit by Virus-Driven Expression or by Running Restores the Defective Neurogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:696684. [PMID: 34485283 PMCID: PMC8415876 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.696684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone are neurogenic niches where neural stem and progenitor cells replicate throughout life to generate new neurons. The Btg1 gene maintains the stem cells of the neurogenic niches in quiescence. The deletion of Btg1 leads to an early transient increase of stem/progenitor cells division, followed, however, by a decrease during adulthood of their proliferative capability, accompanied by apoptosis. Since a physiological decrease of neurogenesis occurs during aging, the Btg1 knockout mouse may represent a model of neural aging. We have previously observed that the defective neurogenesis of the Btg1 knockout model is rescued by the powerful neurogenic stimulus of physical exercise (running). To identify genes responsible for stem and progenitor cells maintenance, we sought here to find genes underlying this premature neural aging, and whose deregulated expression could be rescued by running. Through RNA sequencing we analyzed the transcriptomic profiles of the dentate gyrus isolated from Btg1 wild-type or Btg1 knockout adult (2-month-old) mice submitted to physical exercise or sedentary. In Btg1 knockout mice, 545 genes were deregulated, relative to wild-type, while 2081 genes were deregulated by running. We identified 42 genes whose expression was not only down-regulated in the dentate gyrus of Btg1 knockout, but was also counter-regulated to control levels by running in Btg1 knockout mice, vs. sedentary. Among these 42 counter-regulated genes, alpha-synuclein (Snca), Fos, Arc and Npas4 showed significantly greater differential regulation. These genes control neural proliferation, apoptosis, plasticity and memory and are involved in aging. In particular, Snca expression decreases during aging. We tested, therefore, whether an Snca-expressing lentivirus, by rescuing the defective Snca levels in the dentate gyrus of Btg1 knockout mice, could also reverse the aging phenotype, in particular the defective neurogenesis. We found that the exogenous expression of Snca reversed the Btg1 knockout-dependent decrease of stem cell proliferation as well as the increase of progenitor cell apoptosis. This indicates that Snca has a functional role in the process of neural aging observed in this model, and also suggests that Snca acts as a positive regulator of stem cell maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Micheli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Maria Creanza
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio D'Andrea
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- Preclinical Neuroscience, European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Ancona
- Institute of Intelligent Industrial Technologies and Systems for Advanced Manufacturing, National Research Council, Bari, Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- Preclinical Neuroscience, European Center for Brain Research (CERC)/IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.,Institute for Complex Systems, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaella Scardigli
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy
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31
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Gardner F, Wainberg Z, Fountzilas C, Bahary N, Womack M, Mercada T, Garrido-Laguna I, Peterson P, Ceccarelli M, Pelzer U. 1475P Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II study of gemcitabine and nab-paclitaxel ± olaratumab in treatment-naïve patients with unresectable metastatic pancreatic cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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32
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Nishio M, Paz-Ares L, Reck M, Nakagawa K, Garon E, Ceccarelli M, Wijayawardana S, Visseren-Grul C, Novello S. 1209P RELAY, ramucirumab plus erlotinib (RAM+ERL) in untreated metastatic EGFR-mutant NSCLC (EGFR+NSCLC): Association between TP53 status and clinical outcome. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.1814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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33
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Venanzi Rullo E, Maimone MG, Fiorica F, Ceccarelli M, Guarneri C, Berretta M, Nunnari G. Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer in People Living With HIV: From Epidemiology to Clinical Management. Front Oncol 2021; 11:689789. [PMID: 34422644 PMCID: PMC8371466 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.689789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancers represent the most common human tumors with a worldwide increasing incidence. They can be divided into melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). NMSCs include mainly squamous cell (SCC) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC) with the latest representing the 80% of the diagnosed NMSCs. The pathogenesis of NMSCs is clearly multifactorial. A growing body of literature underlies a crucial correlation between skin cancer, chronic inflammation and immunodeficiency. Intensity and duration of immunodeficiency plays an important role. In immunocompromised patients the incidence of more malignant forms or the development of multiple tumors seems to be higher than among immunocompetent patients. With regards to people living with HIV (PLWH), since the advent of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), the incidence of non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs), such as NMSCs, have been increasing and now these neoplasms represent a leading cause of illness in this particular population. PLWH with NMSCs tend to be younger, to have a higher risk of local recurrence and to have an overall poorer outcome. NMSCs show an indolent clinical course if diagnosed and treated in an early stage. BCC rarely metastasizes, while SCC presents a 4% annual incidence of metastasis. Nevertheless, metastatic forms lead to poor patient outcome. NMSCs are often treated with full thickness treatments (surgical excision, Mohs micro-graphic surgery and radiotherapy) or superficial ablative techniques (such as cryotherapy, electrodesiccation and curettage). Advances in genetic landscape understanding of NMSCs have favored the establishment of novel therapeutic strategies. Concerning the therapeutic evaluation of PLWH, it’s mandatory to evaluate the risk of interactions between cART and other treatments, particularly antiblastic chemotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Development of further treatment options for NMSCs in PLWH seems needed. We reviewed the literature after searching for clinical trials, case series, clinical cases and available databases in Embase and Pubmed. We review the incidence of NMSCs among PLWH, focusing our attention on any differences in clinicopathological features of BCC and SCC between PLWH and HIV negative persons, as well as on any differences in efficacy and safety of treatments and response to immunomodulators and finally on any differences in rates of metastatic disease and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Maimone
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Fiorica
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, State Hospital "Mater Salutis" Azienda Unità Locale Socio Sanitaria (AULSS) 9, Legnago, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudio Guarneri
- Unit of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Disease, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Ceccarelli M, D'Andrea G, Micheli L, Gentile G, Cavallaro S, Merlino G, Papoff G, Tirone F. Tumor Growth in the High Frequency Medulloblastoma Mouse Model Ptch1 +/-/Tis21 KO Has a Specific Activation Signature of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway and Is Counteracted by the PI3K Inhibitor MEN1611. Front Oncol 2021; 11:692053. [PMID: 34395258 PMCID: PMC8362831 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.692053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously generated a mouse model (Ptch1+/−/Tis21KO), which displays high frequency spontaneous medulloblastoma, a pediatric tumor of the cerebellum. Early postnatal cerebellar granule cell precursors (GCPs) of this model show, in consequence of the deletion of Tis21, a defect of the Cxcl3-dependent migration. We asked whether this migration defect, which forces GCPs to remain in the proliferative area at the cerebellar surface, would be the only inducer of their high frequency transformation. In this report we show, by further bioinformatic analysis of our microarray data of Ptch1+/−/Tis21KO GCPs, that, in addition to the migration defect, they show activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, as the mRNA levels of several activators of this pathway (e.g., Lars, Rraga, Dgkq, Pdgfd) are up-regulated, while some inhibitors (e.g. Smg1) are down-regulated. No such change is observed in the Ptch1+/− or Tis21KO background alone, indicating a peculiar synergy between these two genotypes. Thus we investigated, by mRNA and protein analysis, the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling in MBs and in nodules from primary Ptch1+/−/Tis21KO MB allografted in the flanks of immunosuppressed mice. Activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is seen in full-blown Ptch1+/−/Tis21KO MBs, relative to Ptch1+/−/Tis21WT MBs. In Ptch1+/−/Tis21KO MBs we observe that the proliferation of neoplastic GCPs increases while apoptosis decreases, in parallel with hyper-phosphorylation of the mTOR target S6, and, to a lower extent, of AKT. In nodules derived from primary Ptch1+/−/Tis21KO MBs, treatment with MEN1611, a novel PI3K inhibitor, causes a dramatic reduction of tumor growth, inhibiting proliferation and, conversely, increasing apoptosis, also of tumor CD15+ stem cells, responsible for long-term relapses. Additionally, the phosphorylation of AKT, S6 and 4EBP1 was significantly inhibited, indicating inactivation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Thus, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activation contributes to Ptch1+/−/Tis21KO MB development and to high frequency tumorigenesis, observed when the Tis21 gene is down-regulated. MEN1611 could provide a promising therapy for MB, especially for patient with down-regulation of Btg2 (human ortholog of the murine Tis21 gene), which is frequently deregulated in Shh-type MBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ceccarelli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Giorgio D'Andrea
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Micheli
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Gentile
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Cavallaro
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation, National Research Council (IRIB-CNR), Catania, Italy
| | | | - Giuliana Papoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Rome, Italy
| | - Felice Tirone
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council (IBBC-CNR), Rome, Italy
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Ceccarelli M, Chiappini E, Arancio R, Zaffaroni M, La Placa S, D'Andrea M, de Waure C, Da Riol RM, Valentini P. Vitamin D deficiency in a population of migrant children: an Italian retrospective cross-sectional multicentric study. Eur J Public Health 2021; 30:551-556. [PMID: 31598638 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckz182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is a hot topic in the scientific community. Its deficiency and the implications for the children's health became increasingly discussed during the last 20 years. The main aim of this retrospective study was to determinate the prevalence of vitamin D metabolism disorders in a population of adopted children and their risk factors. METHODS We gathered data from 2140 children observed in five different National Working Group for the Migrant Children of the Italian Society of Pediatrics centers, variously located in Italy. Serum 25-hydroxy (OH)-D concentration was used to determine every child's vitamin D status, defined as severely deficient (serum 25-OH-D < 10 ng/ml), moderately deficient (serum 25-OH-D {≥10 ng/ml U < 20 ng/ml}), mildly deficient (serum 25-OH-D {≥20 ng/ml U < 30 ng/ml}) and normal (serum 25-OH-D ≥ 30 ng/ml). RESULTS Mean value of serum 25-OH-D was 22.7 ng/ml (SD ± 12.1). Vitamin D status was deemed as normal in 483 (22.6%) children, mildly deficient in 718 (33.6%) children, moderately deficient in 730 (34.1%) children and severely deficient in 209 (9.8%) children. CONCLUSIONS A very high percentage of migrant children is affected by hypovitaminosis D, with a strong association with age, geographic origin, season of blood sample collection and time spent in Italy after the arrival. This finding highlights the need for corrective measures. However, these measures cannot be applied without increasing the access of migrant populations to healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Elena Chiappini
- Department of Health Sciences, "Meyer" Children University Hospital, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Mauro Zaffaroni
- Unit of Pediatrics, "Maggiore" University Hospital, Novara, Italy
| | - Simona La Placa
- Department of Health Promotion Sciences and Mother and Child Sciences "G. D'Alessandro", "P. Giaccone" University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marianna D'Andrea
- Public Health Institute, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara de Waure
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Rosalia Maria Da Riol
- Center of Regional Coordination for Rare Diseases, "Santa Maria della Misericordia" University Hospital, Udine, Italy
| | - Piero Valentini
- Department of Woman and Child Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Pavone P, Ceccarelli M, Marino S, Caruso D, Falsaperla R, Berretta M, Rullo EV, Nunnari G. SARS-CoV-2 related paediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome. Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2021; 5:e19-e21. [PMID: 33961798 PMCID: PMC8096321 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(21)00135-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Piero Pavone
- Section of Paediatrics and Child Neuropsychiatry, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy; Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina 98124, Italy
| | - Silvia Marino
- Unit of Paediatrics and Paediatric Emergency, Paediatric COVID-19 Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico, Presidio Ospedaliero San Marco, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniela Caruso
- Postgraduate Training Programme in Paediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Raffaele Falsaperla
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Neonatal COVID-19 Centre, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Policlinico, Presidio Ospedaliero San Marco, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina 98124, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina 98124, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina 98124, Italy
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Lanteri D, Carco D, Castorina P, Ceccarelli M, Cacopardo B. Containment effort reduction and regrowth patterns of the Covid-19 spreading. Infect Dis Model 2021; 6:632-642. [PMID: 33898882 PMCID: PMC8054142 DOI: 10.1016/j.idm.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In all countries the political decisions aim to achieve an almost stable configuration with a small number of new infected individuals per day due to Covid-19. When such a condition is reached, the containment effort is usually reduced in favor of a gradual reopening of the social life and of the various economical sectors. However, in this new phase, the infection spread restarts and, moreover, possible mutations of the virus give rise to a large specific growth rate of the infected people. Therefore, a quantitative analysis of the regrowth pattern is very useful. We discuss a macroscopic approach which, on the basis of the collected data in the first lockdown, after few days from the beginning of the new phase, outlines different scenarios of the Covid-19 diffusion for longer time. The purpose of this paper is a demonstration-of-concept: one takes simple growth models, considers the available data and shows how the future trend of the spread can be obtained. The method applies a time dependent carrying capacity, analogously to many macroscopic growth laws in biology, economics and population dynamics. The illustrative cases of France, Italy and United Kingdom are analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Lanteri
- INFN, Sezione di Catania, I-95123, Catania, Italy.,Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università di Catania, Italy
| | - D Carco
- Istituto Oncologico del Mediterraneo, Viagrande, Italy
| | - P Castorina
- INFN, Sezione di Catania, I-95123, Catania, Italy.,Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, V Holešovičkách 2, 18000, Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - M Ceccarelli
- U.O.C. Malattie Infettive, P.O. Garibaldi, Catania, Italy
| | - B Cacopardo
- U.O.C. Malattie Infettive, P.O. Garibaldi, Catania, Italy.,Dipartimento di Medicina clinica e sperimentale, Università di Catania, Italy
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Ceccarelli M, Pavone P, Venanzi Rullo E, Nunnari G. Comment on safety and efficacy of oral lopinavir/ritonavir in pediatric patients with coronavirus disease: a nationwide comparative analysis. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 25:2473-2474. [PMID: 33829431 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202103_25408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Marino A, Cosentino F, Ceccarelli M, Moscatt V, Pampaloni A, Scuderi D, D'Andrea F, Rullo EV, Nunnari G, Benanti F, Celesia BM, Cacopardo B. Entecavir resistance in a patient with treatment-naïve HBV: A case report. Mol Clin Oncol 2021; 14:113. [PMID: 33903819 PMCID: PMC8060856 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2021.2275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Among nucleos(t)ide analogue therapies for hepatitis B virus (HBV) treatment, entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/tenofovir alafenamide are associated with the lowest rate of drug resistance. ETV is a drug requiring at least three substitutions in the reverse transcriptase (RT) domain to develop resistance, which is a rare occasion in treatment-naïve patients. However, pre-existing or acquired single mutations in the RT domain could lead to a virological breakthrough, after viral suppression. The present case report describes a 58-year-old female patient with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and high viral load who started HBV treatment with ETV. After 85 weeks of treatment, HBV-DNA declined to 0 IU/ml and remained undetectable for 3 years. However, after that period of time, the HBV-DNA rebounded, followed by the rise of liver enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase). Only the substitution M204I was detected in the HBV polymerase region. The patient was then switched to TDF treatment, achieving normalization of the liver enzymes and a decline in HBV-DNA levels. The present case report suggests that nucleoside-naïve patients should be cautiously monitored for resistance, even more than biochemically (transaminases, bilirubin) and virologically (HBV-DNA), even if complete HBV suppression is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Marino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Cosentino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Alessio Pampaloni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Scuderi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Flavia D'Andrea
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, I-98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Benanti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, University of Catania, I-95122 Catania, Italy
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Ceccarelli M, Venanzi Rullo E, Marino MA, d'Aleo F, Pellicanò GF, D'Andrea F, Marino A, Cacopardo B, Celesia BM, La Rocca G, Di Rosa M, Condorelli F, Berretta M, Nunnari G. Non-AIDS defining cancers: a comprehensive update on diagnosis and management. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2021; 24:3849-3875. [PMID: 32329861 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202004_20852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The increasing incidence of chronic pathologies and especially non-AIDS defining cancers, such as lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, and Hodgkin's lymphoma after the introduction of combined antiretroviral therapy requires the infectious diseases specialist to know how and when to suspect and diagnose cancer in people living with HIV. The aim of this review is to provide updated studies and information about non-AIDS defining cancers and their management in PLWH sheading a light on possible futures scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Clavio M, Crisà E, Miglino M, Guolo F, Ceccarelli M, Salvi F, Allione B, Ferrero D, Balleari E, Finelli C, Poloni A, Selleri C, Danise P, Cilloni D, Di Tucci AA, Cametti G, Freilone R, Fanin R, Bigazzi C, Zambello R, Crugnola M, Oliva EN, Centurioni R, Alesiani F, Catarini M, Castelli A, Abbadessa A, Capalbo SF, Musto P, Angelucci E, Santini V. Overall survival of myelodysplastic syndrome patients after azacitidine discontinuation and applicability of the North American MDS Consortium scoring system in clinical practice. Cancer 2021; 127:2015-2024. [PMID: 33739457 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.33472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Azacitidine (AZA) is the standard treatment for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS); however, many patients prematurely stop therapy and have a dismal outcome. METHODS The authors analyzed outcomes after AZA treatment for 402 MDS patients consecutively enrolled in the Italian MDS Registry of the Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche, and they evaluated the North American MDS Consortium scoring system in a clinical practice setting. RESULTS At treatment discontinuation, 20.3% of the patients were still responding to AZA, 35.4% of the cases had primary resistance, and 44.3% developed adaptive resistance. Overall survival (OS) was better for patients who discontinued treatment while in response because of planned allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT; median OS, not reached) in comparison with patients with primary resistance (median OS, 4 months) or adaptive resistance (median OS, 5 months) or patients responsive but noncompliant/intolerant to AZA (median OS, 4 months; P = .004). After AZA discontinuation, 309 patients (77%) received best supportive care (BSC), 60 (15%) received active treatments, and 33 (8%) received HSCT. HSCT was associated with a significant survival advantage, regardless of the response to AZA. The North American MDS Consortium scoring system was evaluable in 278 of the 402 cases: patients at high risk had worse OS than patients at low risk (3 and 7 months, respectively; P < .001). The score was predictive of survival both in patients receiving BSC (median OS, 2 months for high-risk patients vs 5 months for low-risk patients) and in patients being actively treated (median OS, 8 months for high-risk patients vs 16 months for low-risk patients; P < .001), including transplant patients. CONCLUSIONS Real-life data confirm that this prognostic scoring system for MDS patients failing a hypomethylating agent seems to be a useful tool for optimal prognostic stratification and for choosing a second-line treatment after AZA discontinuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marino Clavio
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UO Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Elena Crisà
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale and Ospedale Maggiore della Carità, Novara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Miglino
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UO Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Guolo
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UO Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- SCDU Epidemiologia dei Tumori, CPO Piemonte, Turin, Italy
| | - Flavia Salvi
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UO Hematology, SS Antonio e Biagio Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Bernardino Allione
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Hematology, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Ferrero
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Hematology, University of Turin, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Turin, Italy
| | - Enrico Balleari
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UO Internal Medicine, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Finelli
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UO Hematology, AOU Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonella Poloni
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Hematology, Università Politecnica Marche, AOU Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Hematology and Transplant Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital, Salerno, Italy
| | - Paolo Danise
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Hematology Laboratory, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera Inferiore, Italy
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, San Luigi Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Angela Di Tucci
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Divisione di Ematologia, Ospedale Businco, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Gianni Cametti
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, ASLTO5, Turin, Italy
| | - Roberto Freilone
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Servizio di Oncologia ed Ematologia, Ciriè, Italy
| | - Renato Fanin
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Clinica Ematologia e Trapianto Midollo Osseo, AOU Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy
| | - Catia Bigazzi
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UOC di Ematologia, Ospedale Gen. le Prov. le C. G. Mazzoni, Ascoli Piceno, Italy
| | - Renato Zambello
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Crugnola
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Hematology Unit and BMT Center, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Esther N Oliva
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Hematology Unit, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Bianchi Melacrino Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Riccardo Centurioni
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- UOS di Ematologia, Ospedale di Civitanova Marche, Costamartina, Italy
| | - Francesco Alesiani
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Unità Operativa Semplice di Ematologia, Ospedale di San Severino, San Severino Marche, Italy
| | - Massimo Catarini
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Divisione di Medicina Interna, Ospedale Civile di Macerata, Macerata, Italy
| | - Andrea Castelli
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Division of Hematology, Ospedale degli Infermi, Biella, Italy
| | - Antonio Abbadessa
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Onco-Hematology, AORN S. Anna e S. Sebastiano National Hospital, Caserta, Italy
| | - Silvana F Capalbo
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Ospedali Riuniti, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Regional Department of Hematology, IRCCS-CROB, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, Rionero in Vulture, Italy
| | - Emanuele Angelucci
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- Ematologia e Centro Trapianti, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valeria Santini
- Fondazione Italiana Sindromi Mielodisplastiche-ETS, Bologna, Italy
- MDS Unit, AOU Careggi, Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale e Clinica, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Pampaloni A, Locatelli ME, Venanzi Rullo E, Alaimo S, Cosentino F, Marino A, Moscatt V, Scuderi D, Puglisi S, Lupo G, Celesia BM, Pintaudi S, Pulvirenti C, Ceccarelli M, Nunnari G, Pulvirenti A, Cacopardo B. "Diagnosis on the Dock" project: A proactive screening program for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis in disembarking refugees and new SEI model. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 106:98-104. [PMID: 33737130 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE From 2011 to 2017, the total number of refugees arriving in Europe, particularly in Italy, climbed dramatically. Our aim was to diagnose pulmonary TB in migrants coming from the African coast using a clinical-based port of arrival (PoA) screening program. METHODS From 2016 to 2018, migrants coming via the Mediterranean Route were screened for body temperature and the presence of cough directly on the dock: if they were feverish with productive cough, their sputum was examined with NAAT; with a dry cough, they underwent Chest-X-ray (CXR). Those migrants with positive NAAT or CXR suggestive for TB were admitted to our ward. In addition, we plotted an SEI simulation of our project to evaluate the epidemiological impact of our screening. RESULTS Out of 33.676 disembarking migrants, 314 (0.9%) had fever and cough: 80 (25.47%) with productive cough underwent NAAT in sputum, and 16 were positive for TB; 234 (74.52%) with dry cough had a CXR examination, and 39 were suggestive of TB, later confirmed by mycobacterial culture. The SEI-new model analysis demonstrated that our screening program significantly reduced TB spreading all over the country. CONCLUSIONS For possible future high migrant flows, PoA screening for TB has to be considered feasible and effective in decreasing TB spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Pampaloni
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
| | - Maria Elena Locatelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Alaimo
- Bioinformatics Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Cosentino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Marino
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vittoria Moscatt
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Scuderi
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sara Puglisi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaetano Lupo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Benedetto Maurizio Celesia
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sergio Pintaudi
- Emergency Department, ARNAS Garibaldi Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alfredo Pulvirenti
- Bioinformatics Section, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, ARNAS Garibaldi Nesima Hospital, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Remo A, Sina S, Barbi S, Simeone I, Insolda J, Parcesepe P, Giordano G, Cerulo L, Ceccarelli M, Fiorica F, Bonetti A, Pancione M, Manfrin E. Wnt (canonical and non canonical) pathways in breast carcinoma with extensive vascular invasion and inflammatory breast carcinoma. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 219:153347. [PMID: 33550148 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast carcinoma with extensive peritumoral vascular invasion (ePVI-BC) is a cancer with massive vascular invasion (>10) detected in more than one slide. This neoplasm shows clinic-pathological affinity with inflammatory breast carcinoma (IBC). In this paper we evaluate their biological relationship through the study of surrogate markers (β-catenin and NFAT5) of Canonical (cWnt) and non-canonical (nWnt) Wnt pathways activation. METHODS By immunoistochemistry, we investigate β-catenin and NFAT5 in 39 IBC, 74 ePVI-BC and 84 control cases (CG-BC). RESULTS cWnt was activated in 100 % of ePVI-BC, in 64 % of IBC and 10 % of CG-BC. nWnt was activated in 20 % of ePVI-BC, 50 % of IBC and 1% of CG-BC. The prognosis of carcinomas with nWnt activated was poor similar to IBC. The statistical analysis evidences as both the pathways are synergistic in malignant progression and survival time. β-catenin show an important association with prognostic factors and NFAT5 shows a relevant prognostic role on OS (p = 1.5*10-6) and DFS (P = 1,2*10-4). nWnt is associated with a worse prognosis independently of cWnt. cWnt is associated with adverse prognosis (DFS p = 0.0469; OS p = 0.004891) but its prognostic role is indifferent in carcinoma with nWnt activated. CONCLUSIONS Canonical Wnt pathway is involved in malignant progression with dominant role for vascular invasion whereas non canonical Wnt pathway plays an important role on survival time including the capacity to identify carcinomas with IBC-like prognosis. Furthermore ePVI may represent a "prodromal form of IBC" as demonstrated by its clinicopathological and biological similarity with IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Remo
- Pathology Unit, ULSS9 "Scaligera" and Breast Unit (Eusoma's Certification n°1030/00), Verona, Italy.
| | - S Sina
- Pathology Unit, ULSS9 "Scaligera" and Breast Unit (Eusoma's Certification n°1030/00), Verona, Italy
| | - S Barbi
- Department of Pathology and Diagnosis, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - I Simeone
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM - Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milan, Italy; Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - J Insolda
- Pathology Unit, ULSS9 "Scaligera" and Breast Unit (Eusoma's Certification n°1030/00), Verona, Italy
| | - P Parcesepe
- Department of Pathology and Diagnosis, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - G Giordano
- U.O.C. Oncologia Medica, Ospedali Riuniti Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, 71122, Foggia, Italy
| | - L Cerulo
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy; Bioinformatics Laboratory, BIOGEM, Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
| | - M Ceccarelli
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy; Bioinformatics Laboratory, BIOGEM, Ariano Irpino, Avellino, Italy
| | - F Fiorica
- Radiotherapy Unit, ULSS9 "Scaligera"and Breast Unit (Eusoma's Certification n°1030/00), Verona, Italy
| | - A Bonetti
- Oncology Unit, ULSS9 "Scaligera"and Breast Unit (Eusoma's Certification n°1030/00), Verona, Italy
| | - M Pancione
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - E Manfrin
- Department of Pathology and Diagnosis, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
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Ceccarelli M, Venanzi Rullo E, Berretta M, Cacopardo B, Pellicanò GF, Nunnari G, Guarneri C. New generation biologics for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. State of the art and considerations about the risk of infection. Dermatol Ther 2020; 34:e14660. [PMID: 33301216 DOI: 10.1111/dth.14660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammation of skin (psoriasis) or joints (psoriatic arthritis) or both, resulting from a dysregulation in particular of the T helper (Th)17 functions. There is no available cure for psoriasis, and a life-long treatment is needed to control signs and symptoms. Research interest is high around the newest biological drugs approved for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and especially drugs blocking the IL-23/IL-17 axis. Our aim is to review the new biological drugs for the treatment of psoriasis and their adverse effects, focusing on the risk of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Ceccarelli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Berretta
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Bruno Cacopardo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Claudio Guarneri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Guarneri C, Ceccarelli M, Rinaldi L, Cacopardo B, Nunnari G, Guarneri F. Helicobacter pylori and skin disorders: a comprehensive review of the available literature. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:12267-12287. [PMID: 33336746 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202012_24019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium identified for the first time about 30 years ago and commonly considered as the main pathogenic factor of gastritis and peptic ulcer. Since then, it was found to be associated with several gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal diseases. Helicobacter pylori is also associated with many skin disorders including, but not limited to, chronic urticaria, rosacea, lichen planus, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, pemphigus vulgaris, vitiligo, primary cutaneous MALT-type lymphoma, sublamina densa-type linear IgA bullous dermatosis, primary cutaneous marginal zone B-cell lymphomas and cutaneous T-cell pseudolymphoma. Literature up to September 2020 shows that clear evidence exists only for some of the mentioned associations, while in the majority of cases, data appear contrasting. The aim of this review is to summarize the available studies on the topic and draw possible conclusions. Further clinical and laboratory studies are needed to assess the real plausibility and relevance of these associations, as well as the possible role of Helicobacter pylori with the underlying pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Guarneri
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Venanzi Rullo E, Pinzone MR, Cannon L, Weissman S, Ceccarelli M, Zurakowski R, Nunnari G, O'Doherty U. Persistence of an intact HIV reservoir in phenotypically naive T cells. JCI Insight 2020; 5:133157. [PMID: 33055422 PMCID: PMC7605525 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.133157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the efficacy of antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists in a latent form and remains a hurdle to eradication. CD4+ T lymphocytes harbor the majority of the HIV reservoir, but the role of individual subsets remains unclear. CD4+ T cells were sorted into central, transitional, effector memory, and naive T cells. We measured HIV DNA and performed proviral sequencing of more than 1900 proviruses in 2 subjects at 2 and 9 years after ART initiation to estimate the contribution of each subset to the reservoir. Although our study was limited to 2 subjects, we obtained comparable findings with publicly available sequences. While the HIV integration levels were lower in naive compared with memory T cells, naive cells were a major contributor to the intact proviral reservoir. Notably, proviral sequences isolated from naive cells appeared to be unique, while those retrieved from effector memory cells were mainly clonal. The number of clones increased as cells differentiated from a naive to an effector memory phenotype, suggesting naive cells repopulate the effector memory reservoir as previously shown for central memory cells. Naive T cells contribute substantially to the intact HIV reservoir and represent a significant hurdle for HIV eradication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Marilia Rita Pinzone
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - LaMont Cannon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Center for the Study of Biological Complexity, Virginia Commonwealth University, Virginia, USA
| | - Sam Weissman
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Manuela Ceccarelli
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Ryan Zurakowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Giuseppe Nunnari
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Una O'Doherty
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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Ceccarelli M, Facciolà A, Taibi R, Pellicanò GF, Nunnari G, Venanzi Rullo E. The treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma: present and future options, a review of the literature. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:7488-7497. [PMID: 31539137 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201909_18860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is an angiogenic tumor involving skin, mucosa and splanchnic organs. It is caused by Human Herpes Virus 8 (HHV8), when in the presence of other cofactors, such as an immune dysregulation. KS is particularly frequent in HIV-infected individuals. The major goals of treatment are to prevent disease progression, to reduce tumor and edema, to avoid organ compromise, and to relieve psychological stress. The importance and the high cancer risk offered by this co-infection, together with the spread of both these viruses, and the fact that angiogenesis is such an important characteristic of KS led to a lively interest in finding a definitive therapy. Most of the ongoing studies are focused on finding an application of old drugs in KS. Unfortunately, given the number of studies with different targets, it seems we are still far from completely understanding this disease and obtaining a "cure" which could be effective and safe for everyone. Further studies will hopefully offer new and definitive solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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Vella F, Senia P, Ceccarelli M, Vitale E, Maltezou H, Taibi R, Lleshi A, Venanzi Rullo E, Pellicanò GF, Rapisarda V, Nunnari G, Ledda C. Transmission mode associated with coronavirus disease 2019: a review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:7889-7904. [PMID: 32744718 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202007_22296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In late December 2019 in Wuhan (China), Health Commission reported a cluster of pneumonia cases of unknown etiology, subsequently isolated and named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus 2 (CoV-2). In this review, the main transmission routes and causes of mortality associated with COVID-19 were investigated. MATERIAL AND METHODS A review was carried out to recognize relevant research available until 10 April 2020. RESULTS The main transmission routes of COVID-19 have been the following: animal to human and human-to-human pathways, namely: respiratory transmission; oro-fecal transmission; air, surface-human transmission. Transmission from asymptomatic persons, healthcare transmission, and interfamily transmission have been well documented. CONCLUSIONS SARS-CoV-2 possesses powerful pathogenicity and transmissibility. It is presumed to spread primarily via respiratory droplets and close contact. The most probable transmission pathway is definitely the inter-human one. Asymptomatic patients seem to play a crucial role in spreading the infection. Because of COVID-19 infection pandemic potential, careful surveillance is essential to monitor its future host adaptation, viral evolution, infectivity, transmissibility, and pathogenicity in order to gain an effective vaccine and flock immunity and reduce mortality as soon and as much as it is possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Vella
- Occupational Medicine, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Ceccarelli M, Nunnari G, Celesia BM, Pellicanò GF, Venanzi Rullo E, Berretta M, Santi Cacopardo B. Editorial - Coronavirus disease 2019 and people living with HIV: clinical considerations. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24:7534-7539. [PMID: 32706096 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202007_21928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Ceccarelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Infectious Diseases, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
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D'Andrea F, Ceccarelli M, Facciolà A, Nunnari G, Pellicanò GF, Venanzi Rullo E. Breast cancer in women living with HIV. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 23:1158-1164. [PMID: 30779085 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201902_17007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
With the introduction of HAART, the life expectancy of the patients infected with HIV almost approached that of the general population. The incidence of certain HIV-Associated cancers as Kaposi Sarcoma (KS) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) decreased, while an increase in Non-AIDS-Defining cancers (NADCs) has been documented. HIV infection is a risk factor for numerous cancers in PLWH. Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide among all women. The association between HIV infection and breast cancer has not been thoroughly investigated: when compared to the general population, people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have a similar or slightly lower risk of breast cancer. Screening tests are essential weapons to fight cancer burden and more effective therapeutic and preventive strategies are needed, especially among PLWHA. Further and more comprehensive studies are needed to better characterize breast cancer among PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- F D'Andrea
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
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