1
|
Zhou X, Lin S. HOXC10 promotes hypertrophic scar fibroblast fibrosis through the regulation of STMN2 and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Histochem Cell Biol 2024:10.1007/s00418-024-02317-6. [PMID: 39152325 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-024-02317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of hypertrophic scar (HS) shares similarities with cancer. HOXC10, a gene significantly involved in cancer development, exhibits higher expression levels in HS than in normal skin (NS), suggesting its potential role in HS regulation. And the precise functions and mechanisms by which HOXC10 influences HS require further clarification. Gene and protein expressions were analyzed using raeal-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blot techniques. Cell proliferation and migration were evaluated using EdU proliferation assays, CCK-8 assays, scratch assays, and Transwell assays. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assays were conducted to investigate the interactions between HOXC10 and STMN2. HOXC10 and STMN2 expression levels were significantly higher in HS tissues compared with NS tissues. Silencing HOXC10 led to decreased activation, proliferation, migration, and fibrosis in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFs). Our findings also indicate that HOXC10 directly targets STMN2. The promotional effects of HOXC10 knockdown on HSF activation, proliferation, migration, and fibrosis were reversed by STMN2 overexpression. We further demonstrated that HOXC10 regulates HSF activity through the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. HOXC10 induces the activation and fibrosis of HSFs by promoting the transcriptional activation of STMN2 and engaging the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. This study suggests that HOXC10 could be a promising target for developing treatments for HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 15, Jiefang Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China
| | - Song Lin
- Department of Medical Cosmetology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, No. 15, Jiefang Road, Fancheng District, Xiangyang, 441000, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Qiu H, Fu Y, Guo Z, Zhang X, Wang X, Wu H. Dysregulated microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs associated with extracellular matrix stiffness. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:114014. [PMID: 38547959 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffness regulates development and homeostasis in vivo and affects both physiological and pathological processes. A variety of studies have demonstrated that mRNAs, such as Piezo1, integrin β1, and Yes-associated protein (YAP)/tafazzin (TAZ), can sense the mechanical signals induced by ECM stiffness and transmit them from the extracellular space into the cytoplasm. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), have been reported to play important roles in various cellular processes. Therefore, the interactions between ncRNAs and ECM stiffness, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms, have become intriguing. In this review, we summarize recent findings on miRNAs and lncRNAs that interact with ECM stiffness. Several miRNAs and lncRNAs are involved in the progression of liver cancer, breast cancer, osteosarcoma, and cardiovascular diseases under the regulation of ECM stiffness. Through these ncRNAs, cellular behaviors including cell differentiation, proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are affected by ECM stiffness. We also integrate the ncRNA signaling pathways associated with ECM stiffness, in which typical signaling pathways like integrin β1/TGFβ1, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT, and EMT are involved. Although our understanding of the relationships between ncRNAs and ECM stiffness is still limited, further investigations may provide new insights for disease treatment. ECM-associated ncRNAs may serve as disease biomarkers or be targeted by drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Qiu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Yangpu, 200093, Shanghai, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yi Fu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhinan Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China; School of Sports and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Yangpu, 200438, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinjia Zhang
- School of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinyue Wang
- School of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hailong Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Biomedicine, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Pudong, 201318, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Amjadian S, Moradi S, Mohammadi P. The emerging therapeutic targets for scar management: genetic and epigenetic landscapes. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 35:247-265. [PMID: 35696989 PMCID: PMC9533440 DOI: 10.1159/000524990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Wound healing is a complex process including hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling during which an orchestrated array of biological and molecular events occurs to promote skin regeneration. Abnormalities in each step of the wound healing process lead to reparative rather than regenerative responses, thereby driving the formation of cutaneous scar. Patients suffering from scars represent serious health problems such as contractures, functional and esthetic concerns as well as painful, thick, and itchy complications, which generally decrease the quality of life and impose high medical costs. Therefore, therapies reducing cutaneous scarring are necessary to improve patients' rehabilitation. Summary Current approaches to remove scars, including surgical and nonsurgical methods, are not efficient enough, which is in principle due to our limited knowledge about underlying mechanisms of pathological as well as the physiological wound healing process. Thus, therapeutic interventions focused on basic science including genetic and epigenetic knowledge are recently taken into consideration as promising approaches for scar management since they have the potential to provide targeted therapies and improve the conventional treatments as well as present opportunities for combination therapy. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in skin regenerative medicine through genetic and epigenetic approaches to achieve novel insights for the development of safe, efficient, and reproducible therapies and discuss promising approaches for scar management. Key Message Genetic and epigenetic regulatory switches are promising targets for scar management, provided the associated challenges are to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Amjadian
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Developmental Biology, University of Science and Culture, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sharif Moradi
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Mohammadi
- Experimental Medicine and Therapy Research, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- *Parvaneh Mohammadi,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lee JS, Kim GH, Lee JH, Ryu JY, Oh EJ, Kim HM, Kwak S, Hur K, Chung HY. MicroRNA-365a/b-3p as a Potential Biomarker for Hypertrophic Scars. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116117. [PMID: 35682793 PMCID: PMC9181131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical aspects of hypertrophic scarring vary according to personal constitution and body part. However, the mechanism of hypertrophic scar (HS) formation remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to contribute to HS formation, however, their detailed role remains unknown. In this study, candidate miRNAs were identified and analyzed as biomarkers of hypertrophic scarring for future clinical applications. HSfibroblasts and normal skin fibroblasts from patients were used for profiling and validation of miRNAs. An HS mouse model with xenografted human skin on nude mice was established. The miRNA expression between normal human, normal mouse, and mouse HS skin tissues was compared. Circulating miRNA expression levels in the serum of normal mice and mice with HSs were also analyzed. Ten upregulated and twenty-one downregulated miRNAs were detected. Among these, miR-365a/b-3p and miR-16-5p were identified as candidate miRNAs with statistically significant differences; miR-365a/b-3p was significantly upregulated (p = 0.0244). In mouse studies, miR-365a/b-3p expression levels in skin tissue and serum were higher in mice with HSs than in the control group. These results indicate that miRNAs contribute to hypertrophic scarring and that miR-365a/b-3p may be considered a potential biomarker for HS formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joon Seok Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Gyeong Hwa Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Jeong Yeop Ryu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Suin Kwak
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Science for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
| | - Keun Hur
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Science for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (H.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-53-420-4821 (K.H.); +82-53-420-5692 (H.Y.C.); Fax: +82-53-422-1466 (K.H.); +82-53-425-3879 (H.Y.C.)
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Science for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- Kyungpook National University Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (H.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-53-420-4821 (K.H.); +82-53-420-5692 (H.Y.C.); Fax: +82-53-422-1466 (K.H.); +82-53-425-3879 (H.Y.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xie J, Wu W, Zheng L, Lin X, Tai Y, Wang Y, Wang L. Roles of MicroRNA-21 in Skin Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:828627. [PMID: 35295323 PMCID: PMC8919367 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.828627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miR-21), one of the early mammalian miRNAs identified, has been detected to be upregulated in multiple biological processes. Increasing evidence has demonstrated the potential values of miR-21 in cutaneous damage and skin wound healing, but lack of a review article to summarize the current evidence on this issue. Based on this review, relevant studies demonstrated that miR-21 played an essential role in wound healing by constituting a complex network with its targeted genes (i.e., PTEN, RECK. SPRY1/2, NF-κB, and TIMP3) and the cascaded signaling pathways (i.e., MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin/MMP-7, and TGF-β/Smad7-Smad2/3). The treatment effectiveness developed by miR-21 might be associated with the promotion of the fibroblast differentiation, the improvement of angiogenesis, anti-inflammatory, enhancement of the collagen synthesis, and the re-epithelialization of the wound. Currently, miRNA nanocarrier systems have been developed, supporting the feasibility clinical feasibility of such miR-21-based therapy. After further investigations, miR-21 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Weizhou Wu
- Department of Urology, Maoming People's Hospital, Guangdong, China
| | - Liying Zheng
- Postgraduate Pepartment, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, China
| | - Xuesong Lin
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yuncheng Tai
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| | - Le Wang
- Department of Burn Surgery, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li D, Niu G, Landén NX. Beyond the Code: Noncoding RNAs in Skin Wound Healing. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2022; 14:a041230. [PMID: 35197246 PMCID: PMC9438779 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a041230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been found to regulate gene expression and protein functions, playing important roles in diverse biological processes and diseases. Their crucial functions have been reported in almost every cell type and all stages of skin wound healing. Evidence of their pathogenetic roles in common wound complications, such as chronic nonhealing wounds and excessive scarring, is also accumulating. Given their unique expression and functional properties, ncRNAs are promising therapeutic and diagnostic entities. In this review, we discuss current knowledge about the functional roles of noncoding elements, such as microRNAs, long ncRNAs, and circular RNAs, in skin wound healing, focusing on in vivo evidence from studies of human wound samples and animal wound models. Finally, we provide a perspective on the outlook of ncRNA-based therapeutics in wound care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Li
- Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanglin Niu
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Dermatology and Venereology Division, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Ming Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Stockholm Node, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Ilieș R, Halmagyi SR, Cătană A, Aioanei C, Lukacs I, Tokes RE, Rotar I, Pop I. Role of hTERT rs2736100 in pathological scarring. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:260. [DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Ilieș
- Department of Medical Genetics, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Salomea-Ruth Halmagyi
- Department of Medical Genetics, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Andreea Cătană
- Department of Medical Genetics, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Casian Aioanei
- Department of Medical Genetics, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Istvan Lukacs
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Reka-Eniko Tokes
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Rotar
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioan Pop
- Department of Medical Genetics, ‘Iuliu Hațieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li X, Ponandai‐Srinivasan S, Nandakumar KS, Fabre S, Xu Landén N, Mavon A, Khmaladze I. Targeting microRNA for improved skin health. Health Sci Rep 2021; 4:e374. [PMID: 34667882 PMCID: PMC8506131 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In human skin, miRNAs have important regulatory roles and are involved in the development, morphogenesis, and maintenance by influencing cell proliferation, differentiation, immune regulation, and wound healing. MiRNAs have been investigated for many years in various skin disorders such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, as well as malignant tumors. Only during recent times, cosmeceutical use of molecules/natural active ingredients to regulate miRNA expression for significant advances in skin health/care product development was recognized. AIM To review miRNAs with the potential to maintain and boost skin health and avoid premature aging by improving barrier function, preventing photoaging, hyperpigmentation, and chronological aging/senescence. METHODS Most of the cited articles were found through literature search on PubMed. The main search criteria was a keyword "skin" in combination with the following words: miRNA, photoaging, UV, barrier, aging, exposome, acne, wound healing, pigmentation, pollution, and senescence. Most of the articles reviewed for relevancy were published during the past 10 years. RESULTS All results are summarized in Figure 1, and they are based on cited references. CONCLUSIONS Thus, regulating miRNAs expression is a promising approach for novel therapy not only for targeting skin diseases but also for cosmeceutical interventions aiming to boost skin health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Li
- Oriflame Cosmetics AB; Skin Research InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Sakthi Ponandai‐Srinivasan
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska Institute, and Karolinska University HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Kutty Selva Nandakumar
- Southern Medical University, School of Pharmaceutical SciencesGuangzhouChina
- Medical Inflammation Research, Department of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Susanne Fabre
- Oriflame Cosmetics AB; Skin Research InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Dermatology and Venereology, Centre of Molecular MedicineKarolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden
| | - Alain Mavon
- Oriflame Cosmetics AB; Skin Research InstituteStockholmSweden
| | - Ia Khmaladze
- Oriflame Cosmetics AB; Skin Research InstituteStockholmSweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tang J, Yang J, Hu H, Cen Y, Chen J. miR-211-5p inhibits the proliferation, migration, invasion, and induces apoptosis of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by regulating TGFβR2 expression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:864. [PMID: 34164498 PMCID: PMC8184471 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-1806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Hypertrophic-scar (HS) is the most common pathological healing phenomenon after trauma, especially after deep burns. We aimed to investigate the expression and role of microRNA-211-5p (miR-211-5p) in HS and explore its underlying mechanism. Methods Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of miR-211-5p in 15 cases of HS tissues and normal skin tissues, as well as its expression in human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (hHSFs) and normal fibroblasts. At the same time, the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), scratch test, cell invasion test, and flow cytometry were used to determine cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. Western blot assay was used to determine the expression of proteins. TargetScan was performed to predict the potential binding sites between miR-211-5p and TGFβR2, which was then verified by western blotting and luciferase reporter gene experiments. Also, co-transfection of plasmids that overexpress miR-211-5p and TGFβR2 were used to observe the reversal effect of miR-211-5p. Results The level of miR-211-5p in HS tissues and hHSFs cells was significantly down-regulated (both P<0.05). The TGFβR2/Smad3 signaling pathway was activated (both P<0.05). Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-211-5p could inhibit the proliferation (P<0.05), migration (P<0.05), and invasion (P<0.05) of hHSFs cells, and induce their apoptosis (P<0.05), and could also regulate the expression of related proteins (all P<0.05). Moreover, the overexpression of miR-211-5p could also inhibit the accumulation of ECM and the activation of the TGF-βR2/Smad3 pathway (all P<0.05), while the opposite effect (all P<0.05) was observed when the level of miR-211-5p was interfered with. Finally, it was confirmed that miR-211-5p could target TGFβR2 (all P<0.05), and when hHSFs cells simultaneously overexpressed miR-211-5p and TGFβR2, the promotion effect of TGFβR2 on cells was reversed by miR-211-5p (all P<0.05). Conclusions miR-211-5p can inhibit the activation of the TGF-βR2/Smad3 signaling pathway by targeting TGFβR2, thereby suppressing the proliferation, migration, invasion, and ECM production of hHSFs, and inducing their apoptosis, suggesting that miR-211-5p can become a potential target for the treatment of HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tang
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianing Yang
- Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Hu
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Cen
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
MiR-210-5p regulates STAT3 activation by targeting STAT5A in the differentiation of dermal fibroblasts. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:243. [PMID: 33968586 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Elucidating the molecular mechanism of the microRNAs in skin fibrosis is critical for identifying a novel therapeutic strategy for hypertrophic scar (HS). In this study, it was shown that miR-210-5p is induced by TGFβ, and that overexpression of miR-210-5p promoted the differentiation of human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) into myofibroblasts. STAT5A is required for TGFβ-induced STAT3 activity. Here, we show that miR-210-5p attenuated TGFβ-induced STAT3 signaling pathway by suppressing the expression of STAT5A. Taken together, the present study suggests that TGFβ-induced miR-210-5p reduced STAT5A expression, leading to aberrant activation of STAT3, and facilitate skin fibrosis in HDFs.
Collapse
|
11
|
Wei J, Wang Z, Zhong C, Ding H, Wang X, Lu S. LncRNA MIR503HG promotes hypertrophic scar progression via miR-143-3p-mediated Smad3 expression. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:792-800. [PMID: 33819360 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HSs) form due to unchecked proliferation of fibrous tissue after an injury to the skin. Recently, lncRNA MIR503HG was shown to be involved in HS. However, the mechanism by which MIR503HG affects the formation and progression of HS still needs further study. qRT-PCR was applied to examine the levels of MIR503HG and miR-143-3p in HS tissues and human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (hHSFs). The relationships of MIR503HG, miR-143-3p and Smad3 were explored with a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and invasion were measured by CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay, respectively. The protein level of Smad3 was tested via Western blotting. MIR503HG was upregulated and miR-143-3p was downregulated in HS versus normal skin tissues. The knockdown of MIR503HG and the overexpression of miR-143-3p suppressed the proliferation and invasion of hHSF, and promoted cell apoptosis. MIR503HG bound to miR-143-3p while miR-143-3p directly targeted Smad3 to inhibit its expression. Suppression of miR-143-3p and overexpression of Smad3, respectively, reversed these effects of knockdown of MIR503HG and overexpression of miR-143-3p on hHSFs. Our research supports a model in which the MIR503HG/miR-143-3p/Smad3 axis serves as a critical regulator of HS, highlighting a promising therapeutic option for HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Zhiyong Wang
- Department of Burns, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chaoyi Zhong
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Huarong Ding
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiqiao Wang
- Shanghai Burns Institute, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuliang Lu
- Shanghai Burns Institute, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zu W, Jiang B, Liu H. Establishment of a long-term hypertrophic scar model by injection of anhydrous alcohol: A rabbit model. Int J Exp Pathol 2021; 102:105-112. [PMID: 33710702 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The processes of hypertrophic scar formation are extremely complex, and current animal models have limitations in terms of the complete characterization of lesions. An ideal animal model is indispensable for exploring the complex progression of scar formation to elucidate its pathophysiology and to perform therapeutic testing. This study aimed to establish a long-term, consistent and easily testable animal model by injecting anhydrous alcohol into the dorsal trunk dermis of rabbits. The rabbits were injected with different amounts of anhydrous alcohol. Anhydrous alcohol was infiltrated into the subcutaneous and superficial fascia. The optimal amount of anhydrous alcohol was determined by measuring the area and thickness of the scar. The typical model was established by determining the optimum dosage, and then we analysed the histological characteristics and fibrosis-associated protein expression. The dermal scar was generated by treating with 2 ml/kg anhydrous alcohol and displayed histopathologic features that characterize human hypertrophic scarring, including a parallel collagen fibre orientation, dermal and epidermal thickening, broad collagen deposition and the loss of dermal adnexal structures. The expression of fibrotic pan-markers was also enhanced. Moreover, the scar features and duration were compared between the anhydrous alcohol model and the rabbit ear model. Our results show that injecting anhydrous alcohol in the rabbit model thickened the dermal tissue, stimulated dermal fibroproliferation and resulted in hypertrophic scars with protein and histologic features similar to those seen in humans. Taken together, the findings from this study show that our model could be a feasible and useful tool for further research on the pathogenesis of hypertrophic scars.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Zu
- Department of Anatomy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Banghong Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Non-coding RNAs modulate function of extracellular matrix proteins. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111240. [PMID: 33454598 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) creates a multifaceted system for the interaction of diverse structural proteins, matricellular molecules, proteoglycans, hyaluronan, and various glycoproteins that collaborate and bind with each other to produce a bioactive polymer. Alterations in the composition and configuration of ECM elements influence the cellular phenotype, thus participating in the pathogenesis of several human disorders. Recent studies indicate the crucial roles of non-coding RNAs in the modulation of ECM. Several miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-26, miR-19, miR-140, miR-29, miR-30, miR-133 have been dysregulated in disorders that are associated with disruption or breakdown of the ECM. Moreover, expression of MALAT1, PVT1, SRA1, n379519, RMRP, PFL, TUG1, TM1P3, FAS-AS1, PART1, XIST, and expression of other lncRNAs is altered in disorders associated with the modification of ECM components. In the current review, we discuss the role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in the modification of ECM and their relevance with the pathophysiology of human disorders such as cardiac/ lung fibrosis, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, asthma, osteoarthritis, and cancers.
Collapse
|
14
|
Role of TGF-Beta and Smad7 in Gut Inflammation, Fibrosis and Cancer. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010017. [PMID: 33375423 PMCID: PMC7823508 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gastrointestinal tract contains the largest population of immune cells in the body and this is a reflection of the fact that it is continuously exposed to a myriad of dietary and bacterial antigens. Although these cells produce a variety of inflammatory cytokines that could potentially promote tissue damage, in normal conditions the mucosal immune response is tightly controlled by counter-regulatory factors, which help induce and maintain gut homeostasis and tolerance. One such factor is transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, a cytokine produced by multiple lineages of leukocytes, stromal cells and epithelial cells, and virtually targets all the gut mucosal cell types. Indeed, studies in animals and humans have shown that defects in TGF-β1 production and/or signaling can lead to the development of immune-inflammatory pathologies, fibrosis and cancer in the gut. Here, we review and discuss the available evidence about the role of TGF-β1 and Smad7, an inhibitor of TGF-β1 activity, in gut inflammation, fibrosis and cancer with particular regard to the contribution of these two molecules in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases and colon cancer.
Collapse
|
15
|
Pang K, Li B, Tang Z, Yang W, Hao L, Shi Z, Zhang J, Cai L, Li R, Liu Y, Lv Q, Ding J, Han C. Resveratrol inhibits hypertrophic scars formation by activating autophagy via the miR-4654/Rheb axis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:3440-3452. [PMID: 32945452 PMCID: PMC7453609 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars (HSs) are a type of pathological scar which are induced by surgery, burn injuries or trauma during the healing process. Due to the high recurrence rates and strong invasive properties, HSs have become a major clinical issue. Resveratrol has been identified as a potential agent to suppress scar formation; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of resveratrol on HS-derived fibroblasts (HSFBs) in vitro. MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell viability following the resveratrol treatment. Western blot and RT-qPCR analysis was used to identify the expression levels and the relationship among autophagic markers, miR-4654 and resveratrol treatment. Finally, GFP-LC3 stable HSFBs cells were generated to further assess the effect of resveratrol. The results revealed that resveratrol significantly induced cell death in a dose-dependent manner and induced autophagy by downregulating the expression levels of Rheb in HSFBs. Notably, microRNA-4654 (miR-4654) was significantly decreased in the HSFBs and re-upregulated by resveratrol treatment dose-dependently. Through the bioinformatic analysis and luciferase assay, miR-4654 was identified to directly target Rheb. Transfection studies showed that miR-4654 negative correlated with Rheb expression, suggesting that the autophagic process may be altered by the miR-4654/Rheb axis under the control of resveratrol. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggested that resveratrol may promote autophagy by upregulating miR-4654, which in turn may suppress Rheb expression via directly binding to the 3′-untranslated region of Rheb. These findings provided a novel insight into the development of potential therapeutic targets for HSs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Pang
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Bibo Li
- Department of Urology, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Taizhou, Jiangsu 225300, P.R. China
| | - Zhiming Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of Renal Disease, Shandong First Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong 271016, P.R. China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Zhenduo Shi
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Department of Urology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum-Tower Hospital Group, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Longjun Cai
- Department of Urology, Suqian People's Hospital of Nanjing Drum-Tower Hospital Group, The Affiliated Suqian Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, P.R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Qian Lv
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Jicun Ding
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| | - Conghui Han
- Department of Urology, Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou Clinical College Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221009, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Current potential therapeutic strategies targeting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to attenuate keloid and hypertrophic scar formation. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 129:110287. [PMID: 32540643 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant scar formation, which includes keloid and hypertrophic scars, is associated with a pathological disorganized wound healing process with chronic inflammation. The TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway is the most canonical pathway through which the formation of collagen in the fibroblasts and myofibroblasts is regulated. Sustained activation of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway results in the long-term overactivation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which is necessary for the excessive collagen formation in aberrant scars. There are two categories of therapeutic strategies that aim to target the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in fibroblasts and myofibroblasts to interfere with their cellular functions and reduce cell proliferation. The first therapeutic strategy includes medications, and the second strategy is composed of genetic and cellular therapeutics. Therefore, the focus of this review is to critically evaluate these two main therapeutic strategies that target the TGF-β/Smad pathway to attenuate abnormal skin scar formation.
Collapse
|
17
|
Shen W, Wang Y, Wang D, Zhou H, Zhang H, Li L. miR-145-5p attenuates hypertrophic scar via reducing Smad2/Smad3 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 521:1042-1048. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
18
|
Zhang J, Zhou Q, Wang H, Huang M, Shi J, Han F, Cai W, Li Y, He T, Hu D. MicroRNA-130a has pro-fibroproliferative potential in hypertrophic scar by targeting CYLD. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 671:152-161. [PMID: 31283910 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars are dermal fibrosis diseases that protrude from the surface of the skin and irregularly extend to the periphery, seriously affecting the appearance and limb function of the patient. In this study, we found that microRNA-130a (miR-130a) was increased in hypertrophic scar tissues and derived primary fibroblasts, accompanied by up-regulation of collagen1/3 and α-SMA. Inhibition of miR-130a in hypertrophic scars fibroblasts suppressed the expression of collagen1/3 and α-SMA as well as the cell proliferation. Bioinformatics analysis combined with luciferase reporter gene assay results indicated that CYLD was a target gene of miR-130a, and the miR-130a mimic could reduce the level of CYLD. In contrast to miR-130a, the expression of CYLD was downregulated in hypertrophic scars and their derived fibroblasts. Overexpressing CYLD inhibited the expression of collagen 1/3 and α-SMA, slowed cell proliferation, and inhibited Akt activity. As expected, further study showed that the overexpression of CYLD could prevent the pro-fibroproliferative effects of miR-130a. Consistent with the in vitro results, the inhibitor of miR-130a effectively ameliorated excessive collagen deposition in bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis mouse model. Taken together, our results indicate that miR-130a promotes collagen secretion, myofibroblast transformation and cell proliferation by targeting CYLD and enhancing Akt activity. Therefore, the miR-130a/CYLD/Akt pathway may serve as a novel entry point for future skin fibrosis research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Meiling Huang
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Jihong Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Fu Han
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Weixia Cai
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Ting He
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Li C, Wang P, Fu Z, Li Y, Li S. Swainsonine inhibits proliferation and collagen synthesis of NIH-3T3 cells by declining miR-21. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 47:2256-2264. [PMID: 31184213 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1620255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Ziyang Fu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| | - Shouju Li
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shi J, Guo S, Wu Y, Chen G, Lai J, Xu X. Behaviour of cell penetrating peptide TAT-modified liposomes loaded with salvianolic acid B on the migration, proliferation, and survival of human skin fibroblasts. J Liposome Res 2019; 30:93-106. [DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2019.1593451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Shi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, PR China
- Guangdong Engineering & Technology Research of topical precise drug delivery system, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Siyi Guo
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yanting Wu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Guitian Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianhui Lai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Xu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University of China, Guangzhou, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Non-Coding RNAs as New Therapeutic Targets in the Context of Renal Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20081977. [PMID: 31018516 PMCID: PMC6515288 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20081977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis, or tissue scarring, is defined as the excessive, persistent and destructive accumulation of extracellular matrix components in response to chronic tissue injury. Renal fibrosis represents the final stage of most chronic kidney diseases and contributes to the progressive and irreversible decline in kidney function. Limited therapeutic options are available and the molecular mechanisms governing the renal fibrosis process are complex and remain poorly understood. Recently, the role of non-coding RNAs, and in particular microRNAs (miRNAs), has been described in kidney fibrosis. Seminal studies have highlighted their potential importance as new therapeutic targets and innovative diagnostic and/or prognostic biomarkers. This review will summarize recent scientific advances and will discuss potential clinical applications as well as future research directions.
Collapse
|
22
|
Qi J, Liu Y, Hu K, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Zhang X. MicroRNA-205-5p regulates extracellular matrix production in hyperplastic scars by targeting Smad2. Exp Ther Med 2019; 17:2284-2290. [PMID: 30867712 PMCID: PMC6395966 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) formation is the result of poor skin-wound healing. At present, the pathogenesis of HS formation is largely unclear. Micro (miR)RNAs have important effects on a variety of biological and pathological processes. The role of miRNA in HS formation remains largely unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miR-205-5p in HS, and explore the underlying molecular mechanism. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression of miR-205-5p in HS. Western blot assay and RT-qPCR were performed to assess the expression of associated proteins and genes, respectively. TargetScan was performed to predict the target gene of miR-205-5p, and the luciferase reporter assay was applied to verify the prediction. The function of miR-205-5p on cell proliferation was detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and cell apoptosis was detected via flow cytometry. miR-205-5p expression was decreased in HS tissues and human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (hHSFs). Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog (Smad)2 was significantly increased in HS tissues and HSFs, and it was directly targeted by miR-205-5p. Restoration of miR-205-5p suppressed HSF cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. It was also demonstrated that RAC-Alpha Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase (AKT) phosphorylation and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin, collagen I and collagen III were inhibited by miR-205-5p. In addition, Smad2 weakened the effects of miR-205-5p on HSFs. In conclusion, miR-205-5p exhibited an important role in HS by targeting smad2 and suppressing the AKT pathway. These findings provide a clearer understanding of the mechanism for HS that may be used to develop novel treatments for HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Qi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Kesu Hu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Wu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu 226001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
RETRACTED: Inhibition of miR-31a-5p decreases inflammation by down-regulating IL-25 expression in human dermal fibroblast cells (CC-2511 cells) under hyperthermic stress via Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 107:24-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
|
24
|
Li M, Wang J, Liu D, Huang H. High‑throughput sequencing reveals differentially expressed lncRNAs and circRNAs, and their associated functional network, in human hypertrophic scars. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5669-5682. [PMID: 30320389 PMCID: PMC6236202 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in the occurrence and development of tumors and fibrotic diseases. However, the integrated analysis of lncRNA and circRNA expression, alongside associated co-expression and competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks, has not yet been performed in human hypertrophic scars (HS). The present study compared the expression levels of lncRNAs, circRNAs and mRNAs in human HS and normal skin tissues by high-throughput RNA sequencing. Numerous differentially expressed lncRNAs, circRNAs and mRNAs were detected. Subsequently, five aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs, and six circRNAs were measured to verify the RNA sequencing results by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed for the dysregulated genes, in order to elucidate their principal functions. In addition, a coding-noncoding gene co-expression (CNC) network and ceRNA network were constructed for specific significantly altered genes. The CNC network analysis suggested that AC048380.1 and LINC00299 were associated with metastasis-related genes, including inhibin subunit βA (INHBA), SMAD family member 7 (SMAD7), collagen type I α1 chain (COL1A1), transforming growth factor β3 (TGFβ3) and MYC proto-oncogene, bHLH transcription factor (MYC). Inhibitor of DNA binding 2 was associated with the lncRNAs cancer susceptibility 11, TGFβ3-antisense RNA 1 (AS1), INHBA-AS1, AC048380.1, LINC00299 and LINC01969. Circ-Chr17:50187014_50195976_-, circ-Chr17:50189167_50194626_-, circ-Chr17:50189167_ 50198002_- and circ-Chr17:50189858_50195330_- were also associated with INHBA, SMAD7, COL1A1, TGFβ3 and MYC. COL1A1 and TGFβ3 were associated with circ-Chr9:125337017_125337591_+ and circ-Chr12:120782654_120784593_-. The ceRNA network indicated that INHBA-AS1 and circ-Chr9:125337017_125337591_+ were ceRNAs of microRNA-182-5p targeting potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily J member 6, ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 18, SRY-box 11, MAGE family member L2, matrix metallopeptidase 16, thrombospondin 2, phosphodiesterase 11A and collagen type V a1 chain. These findings suggested that lncRNAs and circRNAs may act as ceRNAs, which are implicated in the pathophysiology and development of human HS, and lay a foundation for further insight into the novel regulatory mechanism of lncRNAs and circRNAs in hypertrophic scarring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Dewu Liu
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Heping Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhou J, Xu Q, Zhang Q, Wang Z, Guan S. A novel molecular mechanism of microRNA‐21 inducing pulmonary fibrosis and human pulmonary fibroblast extracellular matrix through transforming growth factor β1–mediated SMADs activation. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:7834-7843. [PMID: 29943845 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou Changzhou China
| | - Qianqian Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou Changzhou China
| | - Qiudi Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou Changzhou China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou Changzhou China
| | - Shuhong Guan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/The First People's Hospital of Changzhou Changzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Jiang B, Zu W, Xu J, Xiong Z, Zhang Y, Gao S, Ge S, Zhang L. Botulinum toxin type A relieves sternocleidomastoid muscle fibrosis in congenital muscular torticollis. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 112:1014-1020. [PMID: 29447964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) is a neck deformity that involves shortening of sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) characterized by muscle atrophy and interstitial fibrosis. To investigate wheatear Botulinum toxin type A (BTA) has anti-fibrotic effects in CMT, we established acquired muscular torticollis that mimetics CMT in rabbit by intra-SCM injection of anhydrous alcohol. The treatment groups received BTA (2.5units or 5units) injection into the fibrotic SCM. The shortening and thickening of SCM were recorded by B-mode ultrasound. Changes in Col1A1, Fn, α-SMA expression were determined by immunohistochemistry. In vitro studies, TGF-β induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts were used to evaluate anti-fibrosis effect of BTA. Expression of the myofibroblast marker α-SMA and fibrosis markers Col1A1 and Fn were detected by Western blotting and quantitative RT-PCR. Our results showed that BTA injection attenuated shortening and thickening of fibrotic SCM. Elevated expression of Col1A1, Fn, α-SMA were confirmed in this fibrotic muscle model but reversed after BTA injection. Similar results observed in TGF-β induced NIH3T3 fibroblasts in both mRNA and protein levels. In conclusion, our results suggested that BTA could be a promising agent against SCM fibrosis in CMT through regulating fibroblast and inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banghong Jiang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Wenxuan Zu
- Department of Anatomy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Zhuyou Xiong
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Yichao Zhang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Bengbu Second People's Hospital, Bengbu, Anhui 233004, PR China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Shuxing Ge
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, 287 Changhuai Road, Bengbu, Anhui 233000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Zhou X, Xie Y, Xiao H, Deng X, Wang Y, Jiang L, Liu C, Zhou R. MicroRNA-519d inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts through targeting Sirtuin 7. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 100:184-190. [PMID: 29428666 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.01.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in various pathological processes, including hypertrophic scar (HS) formation. However, the precise role of miRNAs in HS formation remains largely unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of miR-519d in HS formation. We found that miR-519d expression was significantly downregulated in HS tissues and fibroblasts. Overexpression of miR-519d inhibited the expression of type I collagen (Col I), type III collagen (Col III) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in HS fibroblasts. Moreover, overexpression of miR-519d reduced the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of HS fibroblasts. In contrast, suppression of miR-519d showed the opposite effects. Interestingly, Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7) was identified as a target gene of miR-519d. The results showed that miR-519d directly targeted the 3'-untranslated region of SIRT7 and negatively regulated its expression. Furthermore, miR-519d regulated the expression of TGF-β type I receptor (TGFBRI) and the phosphorylation of Smad2. Knockdown of SIRT7 by siRNA inhibited the expression of Col I, Col III and α-SMA, and reduced the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of HS fibroblasts. Overexpression of SIRT7 abrogated the effects mediated by miR-519d overexpression in HS fibroblasts. Overall, these results suggest that miR-519d inhibits the expression of extracellular matrix-associated genes, reduces the proliferation and induces the apoptosis of HS fibroblasts by targeting SIRT7, implying a suppressive role of miR-519d in HS formation. This study suggests that miR-519d may serve as a promising therapeutic target for treatment of human HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Zhou
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China.
| | - Yidun Xie
- Department of Stomatology, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Houan Xiao
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Xudong Deng
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Liyuan Jiang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Xi'an Ninth Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nong Q, Li S, Wu Y, Liu D. LncRNA COL1A2-AS1 inhibits the scar fibroblasts proliferation via regulating miR-21/Smad7 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:319-324. [PMID: 29117538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
lncRNA COL1A2-AS1 (COL1A2 antisense RNA 1), a lncRNA overexpressed in hypertrophic scar, has been demonstrated to be involved in the hypertrophic scar formation. However, the mechanisms of lncRNA COL1A2-AS1 inhibiting the scar fibroblasts proliferation remains not well understood. In this study, we demonstrated that lncRNA COL1A2-AS1 was upregulated in hypertrophic scar tissue and fibroblasts, and suppressed fibroblasts proliferation by promoting Smad7 expression. Furthermore, we found that miR-21 was involved in lncRNA COL1A2-AS1-induced expression of Smad7, by which COL1A2-AS1 acted as endogenous sponge to adsorb miR-21 and in turn regulated Smad7 and a cascade of molecular to play a protective role in hypertrophic scar. In addition, overexpression of miR-21 attenuated COL1A2-AS1-mediated proliferation suppression of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that COL1A2-AS1/miR-21/Smad pathway plays an important role in inhibiting hypertrophic scar formation, and suggested this novel pathway may be a new target for hypertrophic scar treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingwen Nong
- Burns & Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliate Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Shuntang Li
- Burns & Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliate Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Yajun Wu
- Burns & Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliate Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Daen Liu
- Burns & Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliate Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sun NN, Yu CH, Pan MX, Zhang Y, Zheng BJ, Yang QJ, Zheng ZM, Meng Y. Mir-21 Mediates the Inhibitory Effect of Ang (1-7) on AngII-induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation by Targeting Spry1 in lung fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14369. [PMID: 29084974 PMCID: PMC5662719 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13305-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (mir-21) induced by angiotensin II (AngII) plays a vital role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis, and the NLRP3 inflammasome is known to be involved in fibrogenesis. However, whether there is a link between mir-21 and the NLRP3 inflammasome in pulmonary fibrosis is unknown. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin(1-7) [ACE2/Ang(1-7)] has been shown to attenuate AngII-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but it is not clear whether ACE2/Ang(1-7) protects against pulmonary fibrosis by inhibiting AngII-induced mir-21 expression. This study's aim was to investigate whether mir-21 activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and mediates the different effects of AngII and ACE2/Ang(1-7) on lung fibroblast apoptosis and collagen synthesis. In vivo, AngII exacerbated bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung fibrosis in rats, and elevated mir-21 and the NLRP3 inflammasome. In contrast, ACE2/Ang(1-7) attenuated BLM-induced lung fibrosis, and decreased mir-21 and the NLRP3 inflammasome. In vitro, AngII activated the NLRP3 inflammasome by up-regulating mir-21, and ACE2/Ang(1-7) inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation by down-regulating AngII-induced mir-21. Over-expression of mir-21 activated the NLRP3 inflammasome via the ERK/NF-κB pathway by targeting Spry1, resulting in apoptosis resistance and collagen synthesis in lung fibroblasts. These results indicate that mir-21 mediates the inhibitory effect of ACE2/Ang(1-7) on AngII-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by targeting Spry1 in lung fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Na-Na Sun
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chang-Hui Yu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao-Xia Pan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo-Jun Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Jie Yang
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Mao Zheng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Meng
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Li Y, Zhang J, Zhang W, Liu Y, Li Y, Wang K, Zhang Y, Yang C, Li X, Shi J, Su L, Hu D. MicroRNA-192 regulates hypertrophic scar fibrosis by targeting SIP1. J Mol Histol 2017; 48:357-366. [PMID: 28884252 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-017-9734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a fibro-proliferative disorder which is characterized by excessive deposition of collagen and accumulative activity of myofibroblasts. Increasing evidences have demonstrated miRNAs play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of HS. MiR-192 is closely associated with renal fibrosis, but its effect on HS formation and skin fibrosis remains unknown. In the study, we presented that miR-192 was up-regulated in HS and HS derived fibroblasts (HSFs) compared to normal skin (NS) and NS derived fibroblasts (NSFs), accompanied by the reduction of smad interacting protein 1 (SIP1) expression and the increase of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA levels. Furthermore, we confirmed SIP1 was a direct target of miR-192 by using luciferase reporter assays. Meanwhile, the overexpression of miR-192 increased the levels of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA. The synthesis of collagen and more positive α-SMA staining were also observed in bleomycin-induced dermal fibrosis model of BALB/c mice treated with subcutaneous miR-192 mimics injection, whereas the inhibition of miR-192 decreased the expression of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA. Moreover, SIP1 siRNA could enhance the levels of Col1, Col3 and α-SMA, showing that the effect of knockdown SIP1 was similar to miR-192 mimics, and the phenomenon manifested miR-192 regulated HS fibrosis by targeting SIP1. Together, our results indicated that miR-192 was a critical factor of HS formation and facilitated skin fibrosis by targeting directly SIP1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Julei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Kejia Wang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Jihong Shi
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Linlin Su
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Dahai Hu
- Department of Burns and Cutaneous Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, 127 West Chang-le Road, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dong S, Sun Y. MicroRNA-22 may promote apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts by regulating the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/p21 pathway. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:3841-3845. [PMID: 29042989 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic scarring (HS) is a common skin disorder that occurs during the wound healing process, and the pathogenesis of HS remains unclear. Increasing evidence indicated that specific microRNAs (miRs) may be involved in the onset and progression of HS. In the present study, the association between miR-22 and HS was investigated. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to examine the expression of miR-22 in 30 HS and matched normal skin tissues. In addition, human hypertrophic scar fibroblasts (HSFBs) were cultured and transfected with miR-22 mimics, and MTT and Annexin V apoptosis assays were performed to investigate the role of miR-22 in the proliferation and apoptosis of the human HSFBs. Next, RT-qPCR and western blot assays were performed to compare the expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and p21 in untransfected and miR-22 mimic-transfected skin fibroblasts. The results identified that miR-22 was significantly downregulated in HS tissues as compared with the normal skin. Furthermore, transfection with miR-22 mimics in human HSFBs led to inhibited cell proliferation, increased apoptosis, as well as to decreased MEK expression and ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and increased expression of p21. In conclusion, the present study was the first to prove that aberrant expression of miR-22 may serve an important role in the pathogenesis of HS by regulating the MEK/ERK/p21 pathway, thus suggesting that miR-22 has the potential to become a therapeutic target for the treatment of HS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shihua Dong
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163001, P.R. China
| | - Yanfeng Sun
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163001, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Role of the microRNA-29 family in fibrotic skin diseases. Biomed Rep 2017; 6:599-604. [PMID: 28584629 DOI: 10.3892/br.2017.900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrotic skin diseases are characterized by the accumulation of collagen. The hallmarks of fibrotic skin diseases are unbalanced fibroblast proliferation and differentiation, extracellular matrix production and transforming growth factor-β signalling. Numerous studies have investigated the possibility that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are involved in the pathogenesis of certain fibrotic diseases, including skin, heart, lung and liver diseases. miRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs, which modify gene expression by binding to target messenger RNA (mRNA) and blocking the translation or inducing the degradation of target mRNA. The biological relevance of miRNAs has been investigated in physiological and pathological conditions, and there is increasing evidence that the miR-29 family is associated with fibrotic diseases. The aim of the present review is to provide an up-to-date summary of current knowledge on the latest developments associated with the miR-29 family and fibrotic skin diseases.
Collapse
|
33
|
Herter EK, Xu Landén N. Non-Coding RNAs: New Players in Skin Wound Healing. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2017; 6:93-107. [PMID: 28289554 PMCID: PMC5346954 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2016.0711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Significance: Wound healing is a basic physiological process that is utilized to keep the integrity of the skin. Impaired wound repair, such as chronic wounds and pathological scars, presents a major health and economic burden worldwide. To date, efficient targeted treatment for these wound disorders is still lacking, which is largely due to our limited understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying these diseases. Research driven around discovering new therapies for these complications is, therefore, an urgent need. Recent Advances: The vast majority of the human genome is transcribed to RNAs that lack protein-coding capacity. Intensive research in the recent decade has revealed that these non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) function as important regulators of cellular physiology and pathology, which makes them promising therapeutic and diagnostic entities. Critical Issues: A class of short ncRNAs, microRNAs, has been found to be indispensable for all the phases of skin wound healing and plays important roles in the pathogenesis of wound complications. The role of long ncRNAs (lncRNA) in skin wound healing remains largely unexplored. Recent studies revealed the essential role of lncRNAs in epidermal differentiation and stress response, indicating their potential importance for skin wound healing, which warrants future research. Future Directions: An investigation of ncRNAs will add new layers of complexity to our understanding of normal skin wound healing as well as to the pathogenesis of wound disorders. Development of ncRNA-based biomarkers and treatments is an interesting and important avenue for future research on wound healing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva K. Herter
- Unit of Dermatology and Venereology, Molecular Dermatology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ning Xu Landén
- Unit of Dermatology and Venereology, Molecular Dermatology Research Group, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine (CMM), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|