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Siragam V, Maltseva M, Castonguay N, Galipeau Y, Srinivasan MM, Soto JH, Dankar S, Langlois MA. Seasonal human coronaviruses OC43, 229E, and NL63 induce cell surface modulation of entry receptors and display host cell-specific viral replication kinetics. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0422023. [PMID: 38864599 PMCID: PMC11218498 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04220-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted an increased interest in seasonal human coronaviruses. OC43, 229E, NL63, and HKU1 are endemic seasonal coronaviruses that cause the common cold and are associated with generally mild respiratory symptoms. In this study, we identified cell lines that exhibited cytopathic effects (CPE) upon infection by three of these coronaviruses and characterized their viral replication kinetics and the effect of infection on host surface receptor expression. We found that NL63 produced CPE in LLC-MK2 cells, while OC43 produced CPE in MRC-5, HCT-8, and WI-38 cell lines, while 229E produced CPE in MRC-5 and WI-38 by day 3 post-infection. We observed a sharp increase in nucleocapsid and spike viral RNA (vRNA) from day 3 to day 5 post-infection for all viruses; however, the abundance and the proportion of vRNA copies measured in the supernatants and cell lysates of infected cells varied considerably depending on the virus-host cell pair. Importantly, we observed modulation of coronavirus entry and attachment receptors upon infection. Infection with 229E and OC43 led to a downregulation of CD13 and GD3, respectively. In contrast, infection with NL63 and OC43 leads to an increase in ACE2 expression. Attempts to block entry of NL63 using either soluble ACE2 or anti-ACE2 monoclonal antibodies demonstrated the potential of these strategies to greatly reduce infection. Overall, our results enable a better understanding of seasonal coronaviruses infection kinetics in permissive cell lines and reveal entry receptor modulation that may have implications in facilitating co-infections with multiple coronaviruses in humans.IMPORTANCESeasonal human coronavirus is an important cause of the common cold associated with generally mild upper respiratory tract infections that can result in respiratory complications for some individuals. There are no vaccines available for these viruses, with only limited antiviral therapeutic options to treat the most severe cases. A better understanding of how these viruses interact with host cells is essential to identify new strategies to prevent infection-related complications. By analyzing viral replication kinetics in different permissive cell lines, we find that cell-dependent host factors influence how viral genes are expressed and virus particles released. We also analyzed entry receptor expression on infected cells and found that these can be up- or down-modulated depending on the infecting coronavirus. Our findings raise concerns over the possibility of infection enhancement upon co-infection by some coronaviruses, which may facilitate genetic recombination and the emergence of new variants and strains.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Virus Replication
- Coronavirus NL63, Human/physiology
- Coronavirus NL63, Human/genetics
- Coronavirus 229E, Human/physiology
- Coronavirus 229E, Human/genetics
- Coronavirus OC43, Human/physiology
- Coronavirus OC43, Human/genetics
- Cell Line
- Virus Internalization
- Seasons
- Kinetics
- Receptors, Virus/metabolism
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Common Cold/virology
- Common Cold/metabolism
- SARS-CoV-2/physiology
- SARS-CoV-2/genetics
- SARS-CoV-2/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- RNA, Viral/genetics
- Animals
- COVID-19/virology
- COVID-19/metabolism
- Coronavirus/physiology
- Coronavirus/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayakumar Siragam
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mariam Maltseva
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Nicolas Castonguay
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Yannick Galipeau
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Mrudhula Madapuji Srinivasan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Justino Hernandez Soto
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Samar Dankar
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marc-André Langlois
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
- The Center for Infection, Immunity, and Inflammation (CI3), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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2
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Xu Y, Zhang K, Miao J, Guo N, Fu X, Yang F, Luo X, Jia J, Zheng Z, Zhu P. CD147 regulates the formation and function of immune synapses. Cell Immunol 2024; 401-402:104845. [PMID: 38909549 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2024.104845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
CD147 is a T cell activation-associated molecule which is closely involved in the formation of the immune synapse (IS). However, the precise role of CD147 in T cell activation and IS formation remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that CD147 translocated to the IS upon T cell activation and was primarily distributed in the peripheral super molecular cluster (p-SMAC). The knock down of CD147 expression in T cells, but not in B cells, impaired IS formation. CD147 participated in IS formation between T cells and different types of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including macrophages and dendritic cells. Ligation of CD147 with its monoclonal antibody (mAb) HAb18 effectively inhibited T cell activation and IL-2 secretion. CD98, a critical molecule interacting with CD147, was distributed in IS in a CD147-dependent way. Phosphorylation levels of T cell receptor (TCR) related molecules, like ZAP-70, ERK, and cJun, were down-regulated by CD147 ligation, which is crucial for the interaction of CD147 and TCR signaling transduction. CD147 is indispensable for the formation of immune synapses and plays an important role in the regulation of its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingming Xu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Kui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Jinlin Miao
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Na Guo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Xian Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xianghui Fu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Fengfan Yang
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Junfeng Jia
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Zhaohui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, and Department of Cell Biology of National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Mygind KJ, Nikodemus D, Gnosa S, Kweder R, Albrechtsen NJW, Kveiborg M, Erler JT, Albrechtsen R. ADAM12-Generated Basigin Ectodomain Binds β1 Integrin and Enhances the Expression of Cancer-Related Extracellular Matrix Proteins. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5871. [PMID: 38892056 PMCID: PMC11172339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Desmoplasia is a common feature of aggressive cancers, driven by a complex interplay of protein production and degradation. Basigin is a type 1 integral membrane receptor secreted in exosomes or released by ectodomain shedding from the cell surface. Given that soluble basigin is increased in the circulation of patients with a poor cancer prognosis, we explored the putative role of the ADAM12-generated basigin ectodomain in cancer progression. We show that recombinant basigin ectodomain binds β1 integrin and stimulates gelatin degradation and the migration of cancer cells in a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)- and β1-integrin-dependent manner. Subsequent in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated the altered expression of extracellular matrix proteins, including fibronectin and collagen type 5. Thus, we found increased deposits of collagen type 5 in the stroma of nude mice tumors of the human tumor cell line MCF7 expressing ADAM12-mimicking the desmoplastic response seen in human cancer. Our findings indicate a feedback loop between ADAM12 expression, basigin shedding, TGFβ signaling, and extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, which could be a mechanism by which ADAM12-generated basigin ectodomain contributes to the regulation of desmoplasia, a key feature in human cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper J. Mygind
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.J.M.); (D.N.); (S.G.); (R.K.); (M.K.); (J.T.E.)
| | - Denise Nikodemus
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.J.M.); (D.N.); (S.G.); (R.K.); (M.K.); (J.T.E.)
| | - Sebastian Gnosa
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.J.M.); (D.N.); (S.G.); (R.K.); (M.K.); (J.T.E.)
| | - Ramya Kweder
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.J.M.); (D.N.); (S.G.); (R.K.); (M.K.); (J.T.E.)
| | | | - Marie Kveiborg
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.J.M.); (D.N.); (S.G.); (R.K.); (M.K.); (J.T.E.)
| | - Janine T. Erler
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.J.M.); (D.N.); (S.G.); (R.K.); (M.K.); (J.T.E.)
| | - Reidar Albrechtsen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark; (K.J.M.); (D.N.); (S.G.); (R.K.); (M.K.); (J.T.E.)
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4
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Huang Y, Zhou H, Wang Y, Xiao L, Qin W, Li L. A comprehensive investigation on the receptor BSG expression reveals the potential risk of healthy individuals and cancer patients to 2019-nCoV infection. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5412-5434. [PMID: 38484369 PMCID: PMC11006473 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a newly emerging coronavirus. BSG (basigin) is involved in the tumorigenesis of multiple tumors and recently emerged as a novel viral entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. However, its expression profile in normal individuals and cancer patients are still unclear. METHODS We performed a comprehensive analysis of the expression and distribution of BSG in normal tissues, tumor tissues, and cell lines via bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. In addition, we investigated the expression of BSG and its isoforms in multiple malignancies and adjacent normal tissues, and explored the prognostic values across pan-cancers. Finally, we conducted function analysis for co-expressed genes with BSG. RESULTS We found BSG was highly conserved in different species, and was ubiquitously expressed in almost all normal tissues and significantly increased in some types of cancer tissues. Moreover, BSG at mRNA expression level was higher than ACE2 in normal lung tissues, and lung cancer tissues. High expression of BSG indicated shorter overall survival (OS) in multiple tumors. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses indicated that BSG is mostly enriched in genes for mitochondria electron transport, oxidoreduction-driven active transmembrane transporter activity, mitochondrial inner membrane, oxidative phosphorylation, and genes involving COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS Our present work emphasized the value of targeting BSG in the treatment of COVID-19 and cancer, and also provided several novel insights for understanding the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbiao Huang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haiting Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lingyan Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wan Qin
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Long Li
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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5
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Iglesias DPP, da-Silva WR, de-França GM, Barros CCDS, Freitas RDA, Galvão HC. Biological marker for the establishment of periodontal disease: cross-sectional study in the gingival tissue. Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024; 28:217-223. [PMID: 36495419 DOI: 10.1007/s10006-022-01131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study investigated the expression of COX-2, EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 in the gingival tissue to verify if there is a correlation between the immunoexpression of these proteins and the changes caused by the inflamed infiltrate present in the gingival tissues. MATERIAL AND METHODS A morphological analysis of epithelial changes (hyperplasia, exocytosis, spongiosis, and hydropic degeneration) was performed, as well as a semiquantitative analysis of the immunoexpression of COX-2, EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 in the epithelium and connective tissue of 60 specimens of gingival tissue. RESULTS Epithelial immunoexpression to COX-2 was observed in three cases, while EMMPRIN, HIF-1α, and GLUT-1 were strongly expressed in the basal layer of the epithelium and gradually decreased until the upper layers. In the connective tissue, COX-2 immunoexpression showed a statistically significant association (p < 0.001) with the gingival inflammatory infiltrate. In connective tissue, EMMPRIN and HIF-1α exhibited intense immunopositivity, while GLUT-1 was negative in most cases. CONCLUSION COX-2 expression may constitute a biological marker of gingival tissues since its epithelial immunoexpression may indicate a greater propensity for the establishment of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weslay-Rodrigues da-Silva
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, Real Hospital Português (RHP), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil.
| | - Glória-Maria de-França
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
| | - Caio-César-da-Silva Barros
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
| | - Roseana-de-Almeida Freitas
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
| | - Hébel-Cavalcanti Galvão
- Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande Do Norte, Brazil
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6
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Yusifli Z, Ismayilov R, Kosemehmetoglu K, Gedikoglu G. A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis of Kaposi's Sarcoma: Is There a Relationship Between Emmprin/CD147 Expression and Biological Behavior? Int J Surg Pathol 2024:10668969241226711. [PMID: 38291659 DOI: 10.1177/10668969241226711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Emmprin (CD147/BSG) protein is estimated to play a key role in cell migration and chemoresistance in viral carcinogenesis. However, there are very limited studies investigating the CD147 in the oncogenesis of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. This study aims to reveal the relationship between CD147 expression with histopathological parameters, disease pattern, and recurrence in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). METHODS The study included 67 patients diagnosed with KS between January 1982 and September 2023. Clinical and histopathological features were analyzed retrospectively. HHV-8, CD31, and CD147 expressions were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Sixteen (24%) female and 51 (76%) male patients with median age of 64 (10-86) were included in the study. CD147 was positive in 57 (85%) cases and associated with nodular pattern (P = .001), presence of solid/fibrosarcomatous area (P = .005), and high mitotic activity (P = .035). The disease relapsed in 17 (27%) of the 63 patients with median 2 (0-12) years follow-up. While a 5-year relapse-free survival was 48.5% in the CD147 diffuse positive group, it was 83.4% in focal positive and 100% in negative cases (P = .029). CONCLUSION Our study exhibited the relationship between CD147 overexpression and recurrence in KS, but the inhomogeneity of the treatment groups and the small number of patients should also be considered. These findings may provide insight into the pathogenesis of KS and the development of targeted therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarifa Yusifli
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rashad Ismayilov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kemal Kosemehmetoglu
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokhan Gedikoglu
- Department of Pathology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Onyango S, Mi JD, Koech A, Okiro P, Temmerman M, von Dadelszen P, Tribe RM, Omuse G. Microbiota dynamics, metabolic and immune interactions in the cervicovaginal environment and their role in spontaneous preterm birth. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1306473. [PMID: 38196946 PMCID: PMC10774218 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1306473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Differences in the cervicovaginal microbiota are associated with spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB), a significant cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Although establishing a direct causal link between cervicovaginal microbiota and sPTB remains challenging, recent advancements in sequencing technologies have facilitated the identification of microbial markers potentially linked to sPTB. Despite variations in findings, a recurring observation suggests that sPTB is associated with a more diverse and less stable vaginal microbiota across pregnancy trimesters. It is hypothesized that sPTB risk is likely to be modified via an intricate host-microbe interactions rather than due to the presence of a single microbial taxon or broad community state. Nonetheless, lactobacilli dominance is generally associated with term outcomes and contributes to a healthy vaginal environment through the production of lactic acid/maintenance of a low pH that excludes other pathogenic microorganisms. Additionally, the innate immunity of the host and metabolic interactions between cervicovaginal microbiota, such as the production of bacteriocins and the use of proteolytic enzymes, exerts a profound influence on microbial populations, activities, and host immune responses. These interplays collectively impact pregnancy outcomes. This review aims to summarize the complexity of cervicovaginal environment and microbiota dynamics, and associations with bacterial vaginosis and sPTB. There is also consideration on how probiotics may mitigate the risk of sPTB and bacterial vaginosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley Onyango
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
- Centre of Excellence Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jia Dai Mi
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Koech
- Centre of Excellence Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Patricia Okiro
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Marleen Temmerman
- Centre of Excellence Women and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Peter von Dadelszen
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel M. Tribe
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of Women and Children’s Health, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey Omuse
- Department of Pathology, Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
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Kanekura T. CD147/Basigin Is Involved in the Development of Malignant Tumors and T-Cell-Mediated Immunological Disorders via Regulation of Glycolysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17344. [PMID: 38139173 PMCID: PMC10743398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CD147/Basigin, a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily, is a multifunctional molecule with various binding partners. CD147 binds to monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) and supports their expression on plasma membranes. MTC-1 and MCT-4 export the lactic acid that is converted from pyruvate in glycolysis to maintain the intracellular pH level and a stable metabolic state. Under physiological conditions, cellular energy production is induced by mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Glycolysis usually occurs under anaerobic conditions, whereas cancer cells depend on glycolysis under aerobic conditions. T cells also require glycolysis for differentiation, proliferation, and activation. Human malignant melanoma cells expressed higher levels of MCT-1 and MCT-4, co-localized with CD147 on the plasma membrane, and showed an increased glycolysis rate compared to normal human melanocytes. CD147 silencing by siRNA abrogated MCT-1 and MCT-4 membrane expression and disrupted glycolysis, inhibiting cancer cell activity. Furthermore, CD147 is involved in psoriasis. MCT-1 was absent on CD4+ T cells in CD147-deficient mice. The naïve CD4+ T cells from CD147-deficient mice exhibited a low capacity to differentiate into Th17 cells. Imiquimod-induced skin inflammation was significantly milder in the CD147-deficient mice than in the wild-type mice. Overall, CD147/Basigin is involved in the development of malignant tumors and T-cell-mediated immunological disorders via glycolysis regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Kanekura
- Department of Dermatology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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Lygeros S, Danielides G, Kyriakopoulos GC, Tsapardoni F, Grafanaki K, Stathopoulos C, Danielides V. Expression profiles of MMP-9 and EMMPRIN in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA : ORGANO UFFICIALE DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI OTORINOLARINGOLOGIA E CHIRURGIA CERVICO-FACCIALE 2023; 43:400-408. [PMID: 37519135 PMCID: PMC10773546 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n2197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective Metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in tissue remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This study aimed to evaluate the expression profiles of MMP-9 and the extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in nasal polyps compared to healthy mucosa. Methods Tissue samples from 37 CRSwNP patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery and mucosal specimens from 12 healthy controls were obtained intra-operatively. MMP-9 and EMMPRIN mRNA levels were assessed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and their protein expression by Western blot analysis. Results MMP-9 mRNA expression levels were significantly elevated in CRSwNP compared to controls (p < 0.05). MMP-9 protein levels presented an increasing trend but with no statistical significance (p > 0.05). No statistically significant difference in EMMPRIN mRNA and protein levels was identified. Conclusions Upregulation of MMP-9 in nasal polyps is evident and highlights its role in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. The lack of concordance between MMP-9 mRNA and protein levels may be attributed to post-translational gene expression regulation. Although EMMPRIN expression was not significantly different between the two groups, its role remains to be elucidated. MMP-9 may be a valuable biomarker and treatment target in CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Lygeros
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Gerasimos Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Foteini Tsapardoni
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Katerina Grafanaki
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | - Vasileios Danielides
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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10
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Nyalali AMK, Leonard AU, Xu Y, Li H, Zhou J, Zhang X, Rugambwa TK, Shi X, Li F. CD147: an integral and potential molecule to abrogate hallmarks of cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1238051. [PMID: 38023152 PMCID: PMC10662318 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1238051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
CD147 also known as EMMPRIN, basigin, and HAb18G, is a single-chain type I transmembrane protein shown to be overexpressed in aggressive human cancers of CNS, head and neck, breasts, lungs, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, skin, hematological, and musculoskeletal. In these malignancies, the molecule is integral to the diverse but complimentary hallmarks of cancer: it is pivotal in cancerous proliferative signaling, growth propagation, cellular survival, replicative immortality, angiogenesis, metabolic reprogramming, immune evasion, invasion, and metastasis. CD147 also has regulatory functions in cancer-enabling characteristics such as DNA damage response (DDR) and immune evasion. These neoplastic functions of CD147 are executed through numerous and sometimes overlapping molecular pathways: it transduces signals from upstream molecules or ligands such as cyclophilin A (CyPA), CD98, and S100A9; activates a repertoire of downstream molecules and pathways including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2,3,9, hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)-1/2α, PI3K/Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α, and ATM/ATR/p53; and also functions as an indispensable chaperone or regulator to monocarboxylate, fatty acid, and amino acid transporters. Interestingly, induced loss of functions to CD147 prevents and reverses the acquired hallmarks of cancer in neoplastic diseases. Silencing of Cd147 also alleviates known resistance to chemoradiotherapy exhibited by malignant tumors like carcinomas of the breast, lung, pancreas, liver, gastric, colon, ovary, cervix, prostate, urinary bladder, glioblastoma, and melanoma. Targeting CD147 antigen in chimeric and induced-chimeric antigen T cell or antibody therapies is also shown to be safer and more effective. Moreover, incorporating anti-CD147 monoclonal antibodies in chemoradiotherapy, oncolytic viral therapy, and oncolytic virus-based-gene therapies increases effectiveness and reduces on and off-target toxicity. This study advocates the expedition and expansion by further exploiting the evidence acquired from the experimental studies that modulate CD147 functions in hallmarks of cancer and cancer-enabling features and strive to translate them into clinical practice to alleviate the emergency and propagation of cancer, as well as the associated clinical and social consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alphonce M. K. Nyalali
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Surgery, Songwe Regional Referral Hospital, Mbeya, Tanzania
- Department of Orthopedics and Neurosurgery, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Angela U. Leonard
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
- Department of Public Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Yongxiang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Huayu Li
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junlin Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xinrui Zhang
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tibera K. Rugambwa
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital and Mbeya College of Health and Allied Sciences, University of Dar Es Salaam, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Xiaohan Shi
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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11
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Patil D, Bhatt LK. Novel Therapeutic Avenues for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2023; 23:623-640. [PMID: 37670168 DOI: 10.1007/s40256-023-00609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complicated, heterogeneous genetic condition that causes left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, hypercontractility, and decreased compliance. Despite the advances made over the past 3 decades in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms aggravating HCM, the relationship between pathophysiological stress stimuli and distinctive myocyte growth profiles is still imprecise. Currently, mavacamten, a selective and reversible inhibitor of cardiac myosin ATPase, is the only drug approved by the US FDA for the treatment of HCM. Thus, there is an unmet need for developing novel disease-specific therapeutic approaches. This article provides an overview of emerging therapeutic targets for the treatment of HCM based on various molecular pathways and novel developments that are hopefully soon to enter the clinical study. These newly discovered targets include the dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B, the absence of the melanoma 1 inflammasome, the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 enzyme, and the cluster of differentiation 147.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Patil
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Bhatt
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (West), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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12
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Olmedo I, Martínez D, Carrasco-Rojas J, Jara JA. Mitochondria in oral cancer stem cells: Unraveling the potential drug targets for new and old drugs. Life Sci 2023; 331:122065. [PMID: 37659591 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancer is a major health problem worldwide, with most cases arising in the oral cavity. Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common type of oral cancer, accounting for over 90% of all cases. Compared to other types of cancer, OSCC, has the worse prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of 50%. Additionally, OSCC is characterized by a high rate of resistance to chemotherapy treatment, which may be partly explained by the presence of cancer stem cells (CSC) subpopulation. CSC can adapt to harmful environmental condition and are highly resistant to both chemotherapy and radiotherapy treatments, thus contributing to tumor relapse. The aim of this review is to highlight the role of mitochondria in oral CSC as a potential target for oral cancer treatment. For this purpose, we reviewed some fundamental aspects of the most validated protein markers of stemness, autophagy, the mitochondrial function and energy metabolism in oral CSC. Moreover, a discussion will be made on why energy metabolism, especially oxidative phosphorylation in CSC, may offer such a diverse source of original pharmacological target for new drugs. Finally, we will describe some drugs able to disturb mitochondrial function, with emphasis on those aimed to interrupt the electron transport chain function, as novel therapeutic strategies in multidrug-resistant oral CSC. The reutilization of old drugs approved for clinical use as new antineoplastics, in cancer treatment, is also matter of revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivonne Olmedo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela Martínez
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Carrasco-Rojas
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Clínica Alemana-Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - José A Jara
- Institute for Research in Dental Sciences (ICOD), Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Department of Toxicological and Pharmacological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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13
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Pei H, Yang J, Li W, Luo X, Xu Y, Sun X, Chen Q, Zhao Q, Hou L, Tan G, Ji D. Solanum nigrum Linn.: Advances in anti-cancer activity and mechanism in digestive system tumors. Med Oncol 2023; 40:311. [PMID: 37775552 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has currently become a serious public health issue in many countries worldwide, and tumors of the digestive system have attracted an increasing number of researchers' due to their numerous types, high proportion and wide area of occurrence. While tumors of the digestive system suffer from high mortality rates, leading to untimely diagnosis and a poor prognosis, making it necessary to update current treatment approaches such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. This highlights the importance of exploring novel therapeutic ideas and targets. Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinical use due to its low toxicity and multi-factor targeting of multiple pathways. As a kind of traditional Chinese herb, S. nigrum Linn. is highly regarded for its proven antitumor activity. The aim of this study was to comprehensively recapitulate and analyze the anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of treatment of gastrointestinal tumors with S. nigrum Linn. extracts and related compounds, including classical signaling pathways mediated by them as well as noncoding RNA pathways associated with tumor suppression. Components that have been found to be responsible for the anti-cancer activity of S. nigrum Linn. include solanine, solasonine, solamargine, a-L-rhhamnopyranose, uttroside B, degalactotigonin, glycoprotein, and other compounds. The underlying mechanisms of anti-cancer activity reflected in this study include apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, anti-angiogenesis, suppression of metastasis and invasion, immune escape, and increased sensitivity to radiotherapy. S. nigrum Linn. has great potential in the treatment of tumors of the digestive system, and through further clinical trials and pharmacological mechanisms it has the potential to become a uniform and standardized anti-tumor drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Pei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wang Li
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xing Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- Department of Pathology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xueying Sun
- Department of Molecular Medicine & Pathology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Li Hou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Gang Tan
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
| | - Daolin Ji
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Myocardial Ischemia, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China.
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14
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Katariya C, Rajasekar A. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer as a biomarker for oral cancer. Bioinformation 2023; 19:433-435. [PMID: 37822812 PMCID: PMC10563577 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
No abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanchal Katariya
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, CHENNAI-77
| | - Arvina Rajasekar
- Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, CHENNAI-77
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15
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Barthe M, Hertereau L, Lamghari N, Osman-Ponchet H, Braud VM. Receptors and Cofactors That Contribute to SARS-CoV-2 Entry: Can Skin Be an Alternative Route of Entry? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076253. [PMID: 37047226 PMCID: PMC10094153 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
To prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2, all routes of entry of the virus into the host must be mapped. The skin is in contact with the external environment and thus may be an alternative route of entry to transmission via the upper respiratory tract. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry is primarily dependent on ACE2 and the proteases TMPRSS2 or cathepsin L but other cofactors and attachment receptors have been identified that may play a more important role in specific tissues such as the skin. The continued emergence of new variants may also alter the tropism of the virus. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on these receptors and cofactors, their expression profile, factors modulating their expression and their role in facilitating SARS-CoV-2 infection. We discuss their expression in the skin and their possible involvement in percutaneous infection since the presence of the virus has been detected in the skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Barthe
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, 06560 Valbonne, France; (M.B.); (L.H.); (N.L.)
- PKDERM Laboratories, 45 Boulevard Marcel Pagnol, 06130 Grasse, France
| | - Leslie Hertereau
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, 06560 Valbonne, France; (M.B.); (L.H.); (N.L.)
| | - Noura Lamghari
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, 06560 Valbonne, France; (M.B.); (L.H.); (N.L.)
- PKDERM Laboratories, 45 Boulevard Marcel Pagnol, 06130 Grasse, France
| | - Hanan Osman-Ponchet
- PKDERM Laboratories, 45 Boulevard Marcel Pagnol, 06130 Grasse, France
- Correspondence: (H.O.-P.); (V.M.B.)
| | - Véronique M. Braud
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université Côte d’Azur, CNRS UMR7275, 06560 Valbonne, France; (M.B.); (L.H.); (N.L.)
- Correspondence: (H.O.-P.); (V.M.B.)
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16
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Chang HW, Sim KH, Lee YJ. Thalidomide Attenuates Mast Cell Activation by Upregulating SHP-1 Signaling and Interfering with the Action of CRBN. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030469. [PMID: 36766811 PMCID: PMC9914299 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergy is a chronic inflammatory disease, and its incidence has increased worldwide in recent years. Thalidomide, which was initially used as an anti-emetic drug but was withdrawn due to its teratogenic effects, is now used to treat blood cancers. Although the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties of thalidomide have been reported, little is known about its influence on the mast cell-mediated allergic reaction. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-allergic activity of thalidomide and the underlying mechanism using mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) mouse models. Thalidomide markedly decreased the degranulation and release of lipid mediators and cytokines in IgE/Ag-stimulated BMMCs, with concurrent inhibition of FcεRI-mediated positive signaling pathways including Syk and activation of negative signaling pathways including AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and SH2 tyrosine phosphatase-1 (SHP-1). The knockdown of AMPK or SHP-1 with specific siRNA diminished the inhibitory effects of thalidomide on BMMC activation. By contrast, the knockdown of cereblon (CRBN), which is the primary target protein of thalidomide, augmented the effects of thalidomide. Thalidomide reduced the interactions of CRBN with Syk and AMPK promoted by FcεRI crosslinking, thereby relieving the suppression of AMPK signaling and suppressing Syk signaling. Furthermore, oral thalidomide treatment suppressed the PCA reaction in mice. In conclusion, thalidomide suppresses FcεRI-mediated mast cell activation by activating the AMPK and SHP-1 pathways and antagonizing the action of CRBN, indicating that it is a potential anti-allergic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeun-Wook Chang
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong-Hwa Sim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Ju Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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17
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Wolfmeier H, Heindl S, Platzl C, Kaser-Eichberger A, Nematian-Ardestani E, Strohmaier C, Pruszak J, Schroedl F. Targeted surface marker screening on neuronal structures in the human choroid. Exp Eye Res 2023; 227:109368. [PMID: 36586549 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2022.109368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
While choroidal neuronal control is known to be essential for retinal and ocular health, its mechanisms are not understood. Especially, the local choroidal innervation mediated by intrinsic choroidal neurons (ICN) remains enigmatic. Neuronal functionality depends on the synaptic neurotransmitters and neuroregulatory peptides involved as well as from membrane components presented on the cell surface. Since the neuronal surface molecular expression patterns in the choroid are currently unknown, we sought to determine the presence of various cluster-of-differentiation (CD) antigens in choroidal neuronal structures with a particular focus on ICN. Human choroids were prepared for immunohistochemistry and the pan-neuronal marker PGP9.5 was combined with CD15, CD24, CD29, CD34, CD46, CD49b, CD49e, CD56, CD58, CD59, CD71, CD81, CD90, CD146, CD147, CD151, CD165, CD171, CD184, CD200, CD271 and fluorescence- and confocal laser scanning-microscopy was used for documentation. The following antigens were found to be co-localized in PGP.9.5+ nerve fibers and ICN perikarya: CD29, CD34, CD56, CD81, CD90, CD146, CD147, CD151, CD171, CD200 and CD271, while all other CD markers where not detectable. Whereas CD24- and CD59- immunoreactivity was clearly absent in ICN perikarya, some neural processes of the choroidal stroma displayed CD24 and CD59 immunopositivity. While a multitude of the aforementioned CD-markers were indeed detected in nervous structures of the choroid, the CD24+ and CD59+ nerve fibers most likely have extrinsic origin from cranial ganglia since ICN cell bodies were found to lack both markers. These findings illustrate how the detailed analysis of CD molecules described here opens novel avenues for future functional studies on choroidal innervation and its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wolfmeier
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - S Heindl
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Platzl
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - A Kaser-Eichberger
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - E Nematian-Ardestani
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - C Strohmaier
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Johannes Kepler University, Linz, Austria
| | - J Pruszak
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - F Schroedl
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology - Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
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18
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Rupar K, Isidor MS, Argemi-Muntadas L, Agueda-Oyarzabal M, Plucińska K, Brown EL, Mattanovich M, Bossi S, Tozzi M, Tandio D, Petersen PSS, Henriksen TI, Trošt K, Hansen JB, Gerhart-Hines Z, Nielsen S, Moritz T, Emanuelli B. Full activation of thermogenesis in brown adipocytes requires Basigin action. FEBS J 2023; 290:2673-2691. [PMID: 36595342 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Exploring mechanisms responsible for brown adipose tissue's (BAT) high metabolic activity is crucial to exploit its energy-dissipating ability for therapeutic purposes. Basigin (Bsg), a multifunctional highly glycosylated transmembrane protein, was recently proposed as one of the 98 critical markers allowing to distinguish 'white' and 'brown' adipocytes, yet its function in thermogenic brown adipocytes is unknown. Here, we report that Bsg is negatively associated with obesity in mice. By contrast, Bsg expression increased in the mature adipocyte fraction of BAT upon cold acclimation. Additionally, Bsg levels were highly induced during brown adipocyte maturation in vitro and were further increased upon β-adrenergic stimulation in a HIF-1α-dependent manner. siRNA-mediated Bsg gene silencing in cultured brown adipocytes did not impact adipogenesis nor mitochondrial function. However, a significant decrease in mitochondrial respiration, lipolysis and Ucp1 transcription was observed in adipocytes lacking Bsg, when activated by norepinephrine. Furthermore, using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry-time-of-flight analysis to assess the composition of cellular metabolites, we demonstrate that brown adipocytes lacking Bsg have lower levels of intracellular lactate and acetoacetate. Bsg was additionally required to regulate intracellular AcAc and tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediate levels in NE-stimulated adipocytes. Our study highlights the critical role of Bsg in active brown adipocytes, possibly by controlling cellular metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Rupar
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie S Isidor
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lidia Argemi-Muntadas
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marina Agueda-Oyarzabal
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaja Plucińska
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Erin L Brown
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias Mattanovich
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.,Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Simone Bossi
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marco Tozzi
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David Tandio
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Patricia S S Petersen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tora I Henriksen
- Center for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kajetan Trošt
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob B Hansen
- Section for Cell Biology and Physiology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Zachary Gerhart-Hines
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Nielsen
- Center for Physical Activity Research, Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Moritz
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brice Emanuelli
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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19
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Zhou YQ, Wang K, Wang XY, Cui HY, Zhao Y, Zhu P, Chen ZN. SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus enters the host cells through spike protein-CD147 in an Arf6-dependent manner. Emerg Microbes Infect 2022; 11:1135-1144. [PMID: 35343395 PMCID: PMC9037224 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2059403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its variants is threatening public health around the world. Endocytosis functions as an important way for viral infection, and SARS-CoV-2 bears no exception. However, the specific endocytic mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 remains unknown. In this study, we used endocytic inhibitors to evaluate the role of different endocytic routes in SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection and found that the viral infection was associated with caveolar/lipid raft- and cytoskeleton-mediated endocytosis, but independent of the clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis. Meanwhile, the knockdown of CD147 and Rab5a in Vero E6 and Huh-7 cells inhibited SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection, and the co-localization of spike protein, CD147, and Rab5a was observed in pseudovirus-infected Vero E6 cells, which was weakened by CD147 silencing, illustrating that SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus entered the host cells via CD147-mediated endocytosis. Additionally, Arf6 silencing markedly inhibited pseudovirus infection in Vero E6 and Huh-7 cells, while little change was observed in CD147 knockout-Vero E6 cells. This finding indicated Arf6-mediated CD147 trafficking plays a vital role in SARS-CoV-2 entry. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the CD147-Arf6 axis in mediating SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus entry into the host cells, and further suggest that blockade of this pathway seems to be a feasible approach to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 infection clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Qi Zhou
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yan Wang
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yong Cui
- National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Nan Chen
- National Center for International Research of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Talent Highland of Bio-targeting Theranostics, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, People's Republic of China.,National Translational Science Center for Molecular Medicine & Department of Cell Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, People's Republic of China
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20
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ACE2-Independent Alternative Receptors for SARS-CoV-2. Viruses 2022; 14:v14112535. [PMID: 36423144 PMCID: PMC9692829 DOI: 10.3390/v14112535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is highly contagious and remains a major public health challenge despite the availability of effective vaccines. SARS-CoV-2 enters cells through the binding of its spike receptor-binding domain (RBD) to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor in concert with accessory receptors/molecules that facilitate viral attachment, internalization, and fusion. Although ACE2 plays a critical role in SARS-CoV-2 replication, its expression profiles are not completely associated with infection patterns, immune responses, and clinical manifestations. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 infects cells that lack ACE2, and the infection is resistant to monoclonal antibodies against spike RBD in vitro, indicating that some human cells possess ACE2-independent alternative receptors, which can mediate SARS-CoV-2 entry. Here, we discuss these alternative receptors and their interactions with SARS-CoV-2 components for ACE2-independent viral entry. These receptors include CD147, AXL, CD209L/L-SIGN/CLEC4M, CD209/DC-SIGN/CLEC4L, CLEC4G/LSECtin, ASGR1/CLEC4H1, LDLRAD3, TMEM30A, and KREMEN1. Most of these receptors are known to be involved in the entry of other viruses and to modulate cellular functions and immune responses. The SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant exhibits altered cell tropism and an associated change in the cell entry pathway, indicating that emerging variants may use alternative receptors to escape the immune pressure against ACE2-dependent viral entry provided by vaccination against RBD. Understanding the role of ACE2-independent alternative receptors in SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and pathogenesis may provide avenues for the prevention of infection by SARS-CoV-2 variants and for the treatment of COVID-19.
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21
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Brodowski M, Pierpaoli M, Janik M, Kowalski M, Ficek M, Slepski P, Trzaskowski B, Swain G, Ryl J, Bogdanowicz R. Enhanced susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2 spike RBD protein assay targeted by cellular receptors ACE2 and CD147: Multivariate data analysis of multisine impedimetric response. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2022; 370:132427. [PMID: 35911567 PMCID: PMC9327189 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.132427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) enters the cells through the binding of spike protein to the host cell surface-expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) or by endocytosis mediated by extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (CD147). We present extended statistical studies of the multisine dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS) revealing interactions between Spike RBD and cellular receptors ACE2 and CD147, and a reference anti-RBD antibody (IgG2B) based on a functionalised boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode. The DEIS was supported by a multivariate data analysis of a SARS-CoV-2 Spike RBD assay and cross-correlated with the atomic-level information revealed by molecular dynamics simulations. This approach allowed us to study and detect subtle changes in the electrical properties responsible for the susceptibility of cellular receptors to SARS-CoV-2, revealing their interactions. Changes in electrical homogeneity in the function of the RBD concentration led to the conclusion that the ACE2 receptor delivers the most homogeneous surface, delivered by the high electrostatic potential of the relevant docking regions. For higher RBD concentrations, the differences in electrical homogeneity between electrodes with different receptors vanish. Collectively, this study reveals interdependent virus entry pathways involving separately ACE2, CD147, and spike protein, as assessed using a biosensing platform for the rapid screening of cellular interactions (i.e. testing various mutations of SARS-CoV-2 or screening of therapeutic drugs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Brodowski
- Division of Electrochemistry and Surface Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mattia Pierpaoli
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Janik
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
- Faculty of Electronics and Information Technology, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Kowalski
- Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, 25 Kampinoska, 80-180 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Ficek
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Pawel Slepski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Bartosz Trzaskowski
- Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, 2c Banach St, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Greg Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, 578 S. Shaw Lane, East Lansing, MI 48824-1322, United States
| | - Jacek Ryl
- Division of Electrochemistry and Surface Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nanotechnology and Materials Engineering, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Robert Bogdanowicz
- Department of Metrology and Optoelectronics, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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22
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Zinellu A, Mangoni AA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between the neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and COVID-19 progression and mortality. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2022; 18:1187-1202. [PMID: 36047369 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2022.2120472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Severe manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are associated with alterations in blood cells that regulate immunity, inflammation, and hemostasis. We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of the association between the neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and COVID-19 progression and mortality. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published between January 2020 and June 2022. RESULTS In 71 studies reporting the investigated parameters within 48 hours of admission, higher NLR (HR 1.21, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.27, p < 0.0001), relative neutrophilia (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.46 to 1.80, p < 0.0001), relative lymphopenia (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.27 to 2.08, p < 0.001), and relative thrombocytopenia (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.36 to 2.22, p < 0.001), but not PLR (p = 0.11), were significantly associated with disease progression and mortality. Between-study heterogeneity was large-to-extreme. The magnitude and direction of the effect size were not modified in sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSIONS NLR and neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet count significantly discriminate COVID-19 patients with different progression and survival outcomes. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021267875).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
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23
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Dobi A, Dubernet A, Rakoto ML, Seteyen ALS, Vagner D, Lebeau G, Raffray L, Gasque P. Low levels of the key B cell activation marker, HLA-DR, in COVID-19 hospitalized cases are associated with disease severity, dexamethasone treatment, and circulating IL-6 levels. Immunol Res 2022; 70:714-719. [PMID: 35679009 PMCID: PMC9178219 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-022-09269-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Dobi
- Unité de Recherche en Pharmaco-Immunologie (UR-EPI), Université et CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France. .,Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Félix Guyon, Allée Des Topazes CS 11021, 97400, St Denis, La Réunion, France.
| | - Arthur Dubernet
- Unité de Recherche en Pharmaco-Immunologie (UR-EPI), Université et CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Mahary Lalarizo Rakoto
- Unité de Recherche en Pharmaco-Immunologie (UR-EPI), Université et CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France.,Faculté de Médecine, Campus universitaire Ambohitsaina, BP375, Université d'Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | - Anne-Laure Sandenon Seteyen
- Unité de Recherche en Pharmaco-Immunologie (UR-EPI), Université et CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Damien Vagner
- UMR PIMIT 'Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical' CNRS 9192, Université de La Réunion, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, 97400, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Grégorie Lebeau
- UMR PIMIT 'Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical' CNRS 9192, Université de La Réunion, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, 97400, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Loïc Raffray
- Unité de Recherche en Pharmaco-Immunologie (UR-EPI), Université et CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France.,UMR PIMIT 'Processus Infectieux en Milieu Insulaire Tropical' CNRS 9192, Université de La Réunion, INSERM 1187, IRD 249, 97400, Saint-Denis, France.,Service de Médecine Interne, CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France
| | - Philippe Gasque
- Unité de Recherche en Pharmaco-Immunologie (UR-EPI), Université et CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie Clinique et Expérimentale de La Zone Océan Indien (LICE-OI), Pôle de Biologie, CHU de La Réunion (Site Félix Guyon), 97400, Saint-Denis, France
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24
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Li R, Zhu X, Zhou P, Qiao Y, Li Y, Xu Y, Shi X. Generation of a High-Affinity Nanobody Against CD147 for Tumor Targeting and Therapeutic Efficacy Through Conjugating Doxorubicin. Front Immunol 2022; 13:852700. [PMID: 35603157 PMCID: PMC9114487 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.852700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
CD147, a glycosylated transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily, is overexpressed on the surfaces of various tumor cells and promotes cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis. Nanobodies, characterized by small sizes, high affinities and specificities, and low immunogenicities, are promising diagnostic and therapeutic tools. However, there are few reports on nanobodies that specifically target CD147. In this work, a specific anti-CD147 nanobody has been successfully identified using phage display technology. The tumor target and antitumor effects have also been detected in different CD147-positive tumors in in vitro and in vivo assays, respectively. Meanwhile, it has a synergistic effect for inhibiting 4T1-bearing mice through conjugating doxorubicin. It may afford new strategies for cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rifei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xinjie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehua Qiao
- Artificial Auditory Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yinqian Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yice Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xiaogan Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Xiaogan, China
| | - Xi Shi
- Artificial Auditory Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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25
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Ghasemzadeh M, Ahmadi J, Hosseini E. Platelet-leukocyte crosstalk in COVID-19: How might the reciprocal links between thrombotic events and inflammatory state affect treatment strategies and disease prognosis? Thromb Res 2022; 213:179-194. [PMID: 35397313 PMCID: PMC8969450 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-leukocyte crosstalk is commonly manifested by reciprocal links between thrombosis and inflammation. Platelet thrombus acts as a reactive matrix that recruits leukocytes to the injury site where their massive accumulation, activation and migration promote thrombotic events while triggering inflammatory responses. As a life-threatening condition with the associations between inflammation and thrombosis, COVID-19 presents diffuse alveolar damage due to exaggerated macrophage activity and cytokine storms. These events, together with direct intracellular virus invasion lead to pulmonary vascular endothelialitis, cell membranes disruption, severe endothelial injury, and thrombosis. The developing pre-alveolar thrombus provides a hyper-reactive milieu that recruits circulating leukocytes to the injury site where their activation contributes to thrombus stabilization and thrombosis propagation, primarily through the formation of Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET). NET fragments can also circulate and deposit in further distance where they may disseminate intravascular thrombosis in severe cases of disease. Thrombi may also facilitate leukocytes migration into alveoli where their accumulation and activation exacerbate cytokine storms and tissue damage, further complicating the disease. Based on these mechanisms, whether an effective anti-inflammatory protocol can prevent thrombotic events, or on the other hand; efficient antiplatelet or anticoagulant regimens may be associated with reduced cytokine storms and tissue damage, is now of interests for several ongoing researches. Thus shedding more light on platelet-leukocyte crosstalk, the review presented here discusses the detailed mechanisms by which platelets may contribute to the pathogenesis of COVID-19, especially in severe cases where their interaction with leukocytes can intensify both inflammatory state and thrombosis in a reciprocal manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Corresponding authors at: Blood Transfusion Research Centre, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ehteramolsadat Hosseini
- Corresponding authors at: Blood Transfusion Research Centre, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Komarasamy TV, Adnan NAA, James W, Balasubramaniam VRMT. Zika Virus Neuropathogenesis: The Different Brain Cells, Host Factors and Mechanisms Involved. Front Immunol 2022; 13:773191. [PMID: 35371036 PMCID: PMC8966389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.773191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), despite being discovered six decades earlier, became a major health concern only after an epidemic in French Polynesia and an increase in the number of microcephaly cases in Brazil. Substantial evidence has been found to support the link between ZIKV and neurological complications in infants. The virus targets various cells in the brain, including radial glial cells, neural progenitor cells (NPCs), astrocytes, microglial and glioblastoma stem cells. It affects the brain cells by exploiting different mechanisms, mainly through apoptosis and cell cycle dysregulation. The modulation of host immune response and the inflammatory process has also been demonstrated to play a critical role in ZIKV induced neurological complications. In addition to that, different ZIKV strains have exhibited specific neurotropism and unique molecular mechanisms. This review provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of ZIKV-induced neuroimmunopathogenesis by dissecting its main target cells in the brain, and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms. We highlighted the roles of the different ZIKV host factors and how they exploit specific host factors through various mechanisms. Overall, it covers key components for understanding the crosstalk between ZIKV and the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamil Vaani Komarasamy
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Nur Amelia Azreen Adnan
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - William James
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vinod R M T Balasubramaniam
- Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
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27
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Helal MA, Shouman S, Abdelwaly A, Elmehrath AO, Essawy M, Sayed SM, Saleh AH, El-Badri N. Molecular basis of the potential interaction of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein to CD147 in COVID-19 associated-lymphopenia. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:1109-1119. [PMID: 32936048 PMCID: PMC7544927 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1822208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lymphopenia is considered one of the most characteristic clinical features of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infects host cells via the interaction of its spike protein with the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) receptor. Since T lymphocytes display a very low expression level of hACE2, a novel receptor might be involved in the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into T cells. The transmembrane glycoprotein CD147 is highly expressed by activated T lymphocytes, and was recently proposed as a probable route for SARS-CoV-2 invasion. To understand the molecular basis of the potential interaction of SARS-CoV-2 to CD147, we have investigated the binding of the viral spike protein to this receptor in-silico. The results showed that this binding is dominated by electrostatic interactions involving residues Arg403, Asn481, and the backbone of Gly502. The overall binding arrangement shows the CD147 C-terminal domain interacting with the spike external subdomain in the grove between the short antiparallel β strands, β1' and β2', and the small helix α1'. This proposed interaction was further confirmed using MD simulation and binding free energy calculation. These data contribute to a better understanding of the mechanism of infection of SARS-CoV-2 to T lymphocytes and could provide valuable insights for the rational design of adjuvant treatment for COVID-19. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A. Helal
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Shouman
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmad Abdelwaly
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O. Elmehrath
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Essawy
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shireen M. Sayed
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Amr H. Saleh
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Center of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
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28
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Oxidative Stress Modulation by Carnosine in Scaffold Free Human Dermis Spheroids Model: A Proteomic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031468. [PMID: 35163388 PMCID: PMC8836079 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is an endogenous β-alanyl-L-histidine dipeptide endowed with antioxidant and carbonyl scavenger properties, which is able to significantly prevent the visible signs of aging and photoaging. To investigate the mechanism of action of carnosine on human skin proteome, a 3D scaffold-free spheroid model of primary dermal fibroblasts from a 50-year-old donor was adopted in combination with quantitative proteomics for the first time. The label free proteomics approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry, integrated with network analyses, provided a highly sensitive and selective method to describe the human dermis spheroid model during long-term culture and upon carnosine treatment. Overall, 2171 quantified proteins allowed the in-depth characterization of the 3D dermis phenotype during growth and differentiation, at 14 versus 7 days of culture. A total of 485 proteins were differentially regulated by carnosine at 7 days, an intermediate time of culture. Of the several modulated pathways, most are involved in mitochondrial functionality, such as oxidative phosphorylation, TCA cycle, extracellular matrix reorganization and apoptosis. In long-term culture, functional modules related to oxidative stress were upregulated, inducing the aging process of dermis spheroids, while carnosine treatment prevented this by the downregulation of the same functional modules. The application of quantitative proteomics, coupled to advanced and relevant in vitro scaffold free spheroids, represents a new concrete application for personalized therapies and a novel care approach.
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29
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Cristi F, Gutiérrez T, Hitt MM, Shmulevitz M. Genetic Modifications That Expand Oncolytic Virus Potency. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:831091. [PMID: 35155581 PMCID: PMC8826539 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.831091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a promising type of cancer therapy since they selectively replicate in tumor cells without damaging healthy cells. Many oncolytic viruses have progressed to human clinical trials, however, their performance as monotherapy has not been as successful as expected. Importantly, recent literature suggests that the oncolytic potential of these viruses can be further increased by genetically modifying the viruses. In this review, we describe genetic modifications to OVs that improve their ability to kill tumor cells directly, to dismantle the tumor microenvironment, or to alter tumor cell signaling and enhance anti-tumor immunity. These advances are particularly important to increase virus spread and reduce metastasis, as demonstrated in animal models. Since metastasis is the principal cause of mortality in cancer patients, having OVs designed to target metastases could transform cancer therapy. The genetic alterations reported to date are only the beginning of all possible improvements to OVs. Modifications described here could be combined together, targeting multiple processes, or with other non-viral therapies with potential to provide a strong and lasting anti-tumor response in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Cristi
- Shmulevitz Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Tomás Gutiérrez
- Goping Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mary M. Hitt
- Hitt Laboratory, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mary M. Hitt, ; Maya Shmulevitz,
| | - Maya Shmulevitz
- Shmulevitz Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- *Correspondence: Mary M. Hitt, ; Maya Shmulevitz,
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30
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Łacina P, Butrym A, Frontkiewicz D, Mazur G, Bogunia-Kubik K. Soluble CD147 (BSG) as a Prognostic Marker in Multiple Myeloma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2022; 44:350-359. [PMID: 35723405 PMCID: PMC8929000 DOI: 10.3390/cimb44010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
CD147 (basigin, BSG) is a membrane-bound glycoprotein involved in energy metabolism that plays a role in cancer cell survival. Its soluble form is a promising marker of some diseases, but it is otherwise poorly studied. CD147 is overexpressed in multiple myeloma (MM) and is known to affect MM progression, while its genetic variants are associated with MM survival. In the present study, we aimed to assess serum soluble CD147 (sCD147) expression as a potential marker in MM. We found that sCD147 level was higher in MM patients compared to healthy individuals. It was also higher in patients with more advanced disease (ISS III) compared to both patients with less advanced MM and healthy individuals, while its level was observed to drop after positive response to treatment. Patients with high sCD147 were characterized by worse overall survival. sCD147 level did not directly correlate with bone marrow CD147 mRNA expression. In conclusion, this study suggests that serum sCD147 may be a prognostic marker in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Łacina
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-713-709-960 (ext. 236)
| | - Aleksandra Butrym
- Department of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Diana Frontkiewicz
- Department of Haematology, Sokołowski Specialist Hospital, 58-309 Wałbrzych, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Mazur
- Department of Internal, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland;
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Küsters N, Grupp K, Grass JK, Bachmann K, Ghadban T, Uzunoglu FG, Tachezy M, Perez D, Reeh M, Izbicki JR, Melling N. CD147 expression lacks prognostic relevance in esophageal cancer. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:837-844. [PMID: 34997863 PMCID: PMC8930885 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-03917-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The role of CD147 as an important indicator of tumor prognosis remains controversially discussed in literature. We focused on the prognostic significance of CD147 expression in esophageal cancer patients. While some studies report that CD147 is an unfavorable prognostic factor in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, others showed no significant correlation. However, only one study draws attention to the significance of CD147 in esophageal adenocarcinoma, which is one of the most rapidly increasing neoplasms in the western world. Methods To finally clarify the impact of CD147 as a prognostic factor, especially for esophageal adenocarcinomas, we analyzed CD147 expression in a tissue microarray of 359 esophageal adenocarcinomas and 254 esophageal squamous cell cancer specimens. For the immuno-histochemical analysis, we used a primary antibody specific for CD147. Staining intensity and proportion of positive tumor cells were scored (negative, weak, moderate, strong staining). These findings were compared to normal esophageal tissue and correlated to the histopathological tumor phenotype and survival data. Results CD147 expression was detectable in weak intensities in benign esophageal tissue (85.78%) and expressed in predominately moderate to strong intensities in esophageal cancer (88.34%). Strong CD147 immunostaining was linked to increased infiltration depth (p = 0.015) and differentiation (p = 0.016) in esophageal squamous cell cancer but revealed no significant correlation with histopathology of adenocarcinoma. Moreover, CD147 intensity was unrelated to overall survival in this collective for both subtypes of esophageal cancer. Conclusion Thus, our data show that CD147 has no prognostic value, neither in esophageal adenocarcinoma nor squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Küsters
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Katharina Grupp
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julia-Kristin Grass
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kai Bachmann
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tarik Ghadban
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Faik G Uzunoglu
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Tachezy
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Perez
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Reeh
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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32
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Walia S, Morya V, Gangrade A, Naskar S, Guduru Teja A, Dalvi S, Maiti PK, Ghoroi C, Bhatia D. Designer DNA Hydrogels Stimulate 3D Cell Invasion by Enhanced Receptor Expression and Membrane Endocytosis. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5933-5942. [PMID: 34856099 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
DNA has emerged as one of the smartest biopolymers to bridge the gap between chemical science and biology to design scaffolds like hydrogels by physical entanglement or chemical bonding with remarkable properties. We present here a completely new application of DNA-based hydrogels in terms of their capacity to stimulate membrane endocytosis, leading to enhanced cell spreading and invasion for cells in ex vivo 3D spheroids models. Multiscale simulation studies along with DLS data showed that the hydrogel formation was enhanced at lower temperature and it converts to liquid with increase in temperature. DNA hydrogels induced cell spreading as observed by the increase in cellular area by almost two-fold followed by an increase in the receptor expression, the endocytosis, and the 3D invasion potential of migrating cells. Our first results lay the foundation for upcoming diverse applications of hydrogels to probe and program various cellular and physiological processes that can have lasting applications in stem cell programming and regenerative therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanka Walia
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Vinod Morya
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Ankit Gangrade
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Supriyo Naskar
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Aditya Guduru Teja
- Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Sameer Dalvi
- Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Prabal K Maiti
- Center for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Chinmay Ghoroi
- Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Dhiraj Bhatia
- Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India.,Center for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382355, India
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33
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MCT1 is a Predictive Marker for Lenalidomide Maintenance Therapy in Multiple Myeloma. Blood Adv 2021; 6:515-520. [PMID: 34768284 PMCID: PMC8791591 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021005532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High gene expression levels of MCT1 are associated with reduced PFS and OS in MM with lenalidomide-based maintenance therapy. Overexpression of MCT1 impairs efficacy of lenalidomide in human myeloma cells in vitro and in vivo.
Biomarkers that predict response to lenalidomide maintenance therapy in patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have remained elusive. We have shown that immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) exert anti-MM activity via destabilization of MCT1 and CD147. In this study, cell samples of 654 patients with MM who received lenalidomide (n = 455), thalidomide (n = 98), or bortezomib (n = 101) maintenance were assessed by gene expression profiling and RNA sequencing, followed by correlation of MCT1 and CD147 expression with data for progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Patients with high expression levels of MCT1 showed significantly reduced PFS (31.9 months vs 48.2 months in MCT1high vs MCT1low; P = .03) and OS (75.9 months vs not reached [NR] in MCT1high vs MCT1low; P = .001) in cases with lenalidomide maintenance, whereas MCT1 expression had no significant impact on PFS or OS in cases with bortezomib maintenance. We validated the predictive role of MCT1 for IMiD-based maintenance in an independent cohort of patients who received thalidomide (OS, 83.6 months vs NR in MCT1high vs MCT1low; P = .03). Functional validation showed that MCT1 overexpression in human MM cell lines significantly reduced the efficacy of lenalidomide, whereas no change was observed with bortezomib treatment, either in vitro or in a MM xenograft model. Our findings have established MCT1 expression as a predictive marker for response to lenalidomide-based maintenance in patients with MM.
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34
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Woodward AM, Feeley MN, Rinaldi J, Argüeso P. CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing reveals an essential role for basigin in maintaining a nonkeratinized squamous epithelium in cornea. FASEB Bioadv 2021; 3:897-908. [PMID: 34761172 PMCID: PMC8565198 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2021-00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the primary functions of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelia is to protect underlying tissues against chemical, microbial, and mechanical insult. Basigin is a transmembrane matrix metalloproteinase inducer commonly overexpressed during epithelial wound repair and cancer but whose physiological significance in normal epithelial tissue has not been fully explored. Here we used a CRISPR/Cas9 system to study the effect of basigin loss in a human cornea model of squamous epithelial differentiation. We find that epithelial cell cultures lacking basigin change shape and fail to produce a flattened squamous layer on the apical surface. This process is associated with the abnormal expression of the transcription factor SPDEF and the decreased biosynthesis of MUC16 and involucrin necessary for maintaining apical barrier function and structural integrity, respectively. Expression analysis of genes encoding tight junction proteins identified a role for basigin in promoting physiological expression of occludin and members of the claudin family. Functionally, disruption of basigin expression led to increased epithelial cell permeability as evidenced by the decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance and increase in rose bengal flux. Overall, these results suggest that basigin plays a distinct role in maintaining the normal differentiation of stratified squamous human corneal epithelium and could have potential implications to therapies targeting basigin function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M. Woodward
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and EarDepartment of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Marissa N. Feeley
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and EarDepartment of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jamie Rinaldi
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and EarDepartment of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and EarDepartment of OphthalmologyHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
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35
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Hashemi SMA, Thijssen M, Hosseini SY, Tabarraei A, Pourkarim MR, Sarvari J. Human gene polymorphisms and their possible impact on the clinical outcome of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Arch Virol 2021; 166:2089-2108. [PMID: 33934196 PMCID: PMC8088757 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-021-05070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has become one of the most serious health concerns globally. Although multiple vaccines have recently been approved for the prevention of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an effective treatment is still lacking. Our knowledge of the pathogenicity of this virus is still incomplete. Studies have revealed that viral factors such as the viral load, duration of exposure to the virus, and viral mutations are important variables in COVID-19 outcome. Furthermore, host factors, including age, health condition, co-morbidities, and genetic background, might also be involved in clinical manifestations and infection outcome. This review focuses on the importance of variations in the host genetic background and pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. We will discuss the significance of polymorphisms in the ACE-2, TMPRSS2, vitamin D receptor, vitamin D binding protein, CD147, glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4), neuropilin-1, heme oxygenase, apolipoprotein L1, vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1 (VKORC1), and immune system genes for the clinical outcome of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammad Ali Hashemi
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Microbiology, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Marijn Thijssen
- Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Seyed Younes Hosseini
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Alijan Tabarraei
- Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Pourkarim
- Laboratory for Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Health Policy Research Centre, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jamal Sarvari
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Gastroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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36
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Chandel V, Maru S, Kumar A, Kumar A, Sharma A, Rathi B, Kumar D. Role of monocarboxylate transporters in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Life Sci 2021; 279:119709. [PMID: 34102188 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Head and Neck tumors are metabolically highly altered solid tumors. Head and Neck cancer cells may utilise different metabolic pathways for energy production. Whereas, glycolysis is the major source coupled with oxidative phosphorylation in a metabolic symbiosis manner that results in the proliferation and metastasis in Head and Neck Cancer. The monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) constitute a family of 14 members among which MCT1-4 are responsible for transporting monocarboxylates such as l-lactate and pyruvate, and ketone bodies across the plasma membrane. Additionally, MCTs mediate absorption and distribution of monocarboxylates across the cell membrane. Head and Neck cancer cells are highly glycolytic in nature and generate significant amount of lactic acid in the extracellular environment. In such condition, MCTs play a critical role in the regulation of pH, and lactate shuttle maintenance. The intracellular lactate accumulation is harmful for the cells since it drastically lowers the intracellular pH. MCTs facilitate the export of lactate out of the cell. The lactate export mediated by MCTs is crucial for the cancer cells survival. Therefore, targeting MCTs is important and could be a potential therapeutic approach to control growth of the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishali Chandel
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida 201313, UP, India
| | - Saurabh Maru
- School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS Deemed to be University, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arun Kumar
- Mahavir Cancer Institute & Research Centre, Phulwarisharif, Patna 801505, Bihar, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bhopal, Saket Nagar, Bhopal 462 020, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, Bharat, India
| | - Brijesh Rathi
- Laboratory for Translational Chemistry and Drug Discovery, Department of Chemistry, Hansraj College, University of Delhi, Delhi, India; Laboratory of Computational Modelling of Drugs, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine & Stem Cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sec-125, Noida 201313, UP, India.
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37
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Drew D, North RA, Nagarathinam K, Tanabe M. Structures and General Transport Mechanisms by the Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS). Chem Rev 2021; 121:5289-5335. [PMID: 33886296 PMCID: PMC8154325 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is the largest known superfamily of secondary active transporters. MFS transporters are responsible for transporting a broad spectrum of substrates, either down their concentration gradient or uphill using the energy stored in the electrochemical gradients. Over the last 10 years, more than a hundred different MFS transporter structures covering close to 40 members have provided an atomic framework for piecing together the molecular basis of their transport cycles. Here, we summarize the remarkable promiscuity of MFS members in terms of substrate recognition and proton coupling as well as the intricate gating mechanisms undergone in achieving substrate translocation. We outline studies that show how residues far from the substrate binding site can be just as important for fine-tuning substrate recognition and specificity as those residues directly coordinating the substrate, and how a number of MFS transporters have evolved to form unique complexes with chaperone and signaling functions. Through a deeper mechanistic description of glucose (GLUT) transporters and multidrug resistance (MDR) antiporters, we outline novel refinements to the rocker-switch alternating-access model, such as a latch mechanism for proton-coupled monosaccharide transport. We emphasize that a full understanding of transport requires an elucidation of MFS transporter dynamics, energy landscapes, and the determination of how rate transitions are modulated by lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Drew
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm
University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rachel A. North
- Department
of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm
University, SE 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kumar Nagarathinam
- Center
of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lübeck, D-23538, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mikio Tanabe
- Structural
Biology Research Center, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Oho 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
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38
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Skiba NP, Cady MA, Molday L, Han JYS, Lewis TR, Spencer WJ, Thompson WJ, Hiles S, Philp NJ, Molday RS, Arshavsky VY. TMEM67, TMEM237, and Embigin in Complex With Monocarboxylate Transporter MCT1 Are Unique Components of the Photoreceptor Outer Segment Plasma Membrane. Mol Cell Proteomics 2021; 20:100088. [PMID: 33933680 PMCID: PMC8167285 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2021.100088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The outer segment (OS) organelle of vertebrate photoreceptors is a highly specialized cilium evolved to capture light and initiate light response. The plasma membrane which envelopes the OS plays vital and diverse roles in supporting photoreceptor function and health. However, little is known about the identity of its protein constituents, as this membrane cannot be purified to homogeneity. In this study, we used the technique of protein correlation profiling to identify unique OS plasma membrane proteins. To achieve this, we used label-free quantitative MS to compare relative protein abundances in an enriched preparation of the OS plasma membrane with a preparation of total OS membranes. We have found that only five proteins were enriched at the same level as previously validated OS plasma membrane markers. Two of these proteins, TMEM67 and TMEM237, had not been previously assigned to this membrane, and one, embigin, had not been identified in photoreceptors. We further showed that embigin associates with monocarboxylate transporter MCT1 in the OS plasma membrane, facilitating lactate transport through this cellular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai P Skiba
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Martha A Cady
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laurie Molday
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - John Y S Han
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tylor R Lewis
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - William J Spencer
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Will J Thompson
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sarah Hiles
- Duke Proteomics and Metabolomics Shared Resource, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nancy J Philp
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert S Molday
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Vadim Y Arshavsky
- Albert Eye Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
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Bakhiet M, Taurin S. SARS-CoV-2: Targeted managements and vaccine development. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2021; 58:16-29. [PMID: 33293238 PMCID: PMC7706592 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) results in diverse outcomes. The symptoms appear to be more severe in males older than 65 and people with underlying health conditions; approximately one in five individuals could be at risk worldwide. The virus's sequence was rapidly established days after the first cases were reported and identified an RNA virus from the Coronaviridae family closely related to a Betacoronavirus virus found in bats in China. SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus known to infect humans, and with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), the only ones to cause severe diseases. Lessons from these two previous outbreaks guided the identification of critical therapeutic targets such as the spike viral proteins promoting the virus's cellular entry through the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor expressed on the surface of multiple types of eukaryotic cells. Although several therapeutic agents are currently evaluated, none seems to provide a clear path for a cure. Also, various types of vaccines are developed in record time to address the urgency of efficient SARS-CoV-2 prevention. Currently, 58 vaccines are evaluated in clinical trials, including 11 in phase III, and 3 of them reported efficacy above 90 %. The results so far from the clinical trials suggest the availability of multiple effective vaccines within months.
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40
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Fairweather SJ, Shah N, Brӧer S. Heteromeric Solute Carriers: Function, Structure, Pathology and Pharmacology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 21:13-127. [PMID: 33052588 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2020_584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Solute carriers form one of three major superfamilies of membrane transporters in humans, and include uniporters, exchangers and symporters. Following several decades of molecular characterisation, multiple solute carriers that form obligatory heteromers with unrelated subunits are emerging as a distinctive principle of membrane transporter assembly. Here we comprehensively review experimentally established heteromeric solute carriers: SLC3-SLC7 amino acid exchangers, SLC16 monocarboxylate/H+ symporters and basigin/embigin, SLC4A1 (AE1) and glycophorin A exchanger, SLC51 heteromer Ost α-Ost β uniporter, and SLC6 heteromeric symporters. The review covers the history of the heteromer discovery, transporter physiology, structure, disease associations and pharmacology - all with a focus on the heteromeric assembly. The cellular locations, requirements for complex formation, and the functional role of dimerization are extensively detailed, including analysis of the first complete heteromer structures, the SLC7-SLC3 family transporters LAT1-4F2hc, b0,+AT-rBAT and the SLC6 family heteromer B0AT1-ACE2. We present a systematic analysis of the structural and functional aspects of heteromeric solute carriers and conclude with common principles of their functional roles and structural architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Fairweather
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia. .,Resarch School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Nishank Shah
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Stefan Brӧer
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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41
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Kurosawa R, Satoh K, Nakata T, Shindo T, Kikuchi N, Satoh T, Siddique MAH, Omura J, Sunamura S, Nogi M, Takeuchi Y, Miyata S, Shimokawa H. Identification of Celastrol as a Novel Therapeutic Agent for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and Right Ventricular Failure Through Suppression of Bsg (Basigin)/CyPA (Cyclophilin A). Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:1205-1217. [PMID: 33472404 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by abnormal proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and vascular remodeling, which leads to right ventricular (RV) failure. Bsg (Basigin) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that promotes myofibroblast differentiation, cell proliferation, and matrix metalloproteinase activation. CyPA (cyclophilin A) binds to its receptor Bsg and promotes pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and inflammatory cell recruitment. We previously reported that Bsg promotes cardiac fibrosis and failure in the left ventricle in response to pressure-overload in mice. However, the roles of Bsg and CyPA in RV failure remain to be elucidated. Approach and Results: First, we found that protein levels of Bsg and CyPA were upregulated in the heart of hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in mice and monocrotaline-induced PH in rats. Furthermore, cardiomyocyte-specific Bsg-overexpressing mice showed exacerbated RV hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction compared with their littermates under chronic hypoxia and pulmonary artery banding. Treatment with celastrol, which we identified as a suppressor of Bsg and CyPA by drug screening, decreased proliferation, reactive oxygen species, and inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Furthermore, celastrol treatment ameliorated RV systolic pressure, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction in hypoxia-induced PH in mice and SU5416/hypoxia-induced PH in rats with reduced Bsg, CyPA, and inflammatory cytokines in the hearts and lungs. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that elevated Bsg in pressure-overloaded RV exacerbates RV dysfunction and that celastrol ameliorates RV dysfunction in PH model animals by suppressing Bsg and its ligand CyPA. Thus, celastrol can be a novel drug for PH and RV failure that targets Bsg and CyPA. Graphic Abstract: A graphic abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Kurosawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kimio Satoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Kikuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taijyu Satoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mohammad A H Siddique
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Junichi Omura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Sunamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nogi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yutaro Takeuchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Miyata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Discovery and Biological Evaluation of CD147 N-Glycan Inhibitors: A New Direction in the Treatment of Tumor Metastasis. Molecules 2020; 26:molecules26010033. [PMID: 33374805 PMCID: PMC7794696 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
N-glycosylation is instrumental to the regulation of CD147 functions, including the maturation of CD147, secretion of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and promotion of tumor metastasis. Glycosylated CD147 is highly expressed in various cancer types, participates in metastasis, and is associated with the poor prognosis of malignant tumors. However, to date, there has been little development of target-specific inhibitors for CD147 glycosylation. In this work, we report a strategy for discovering CD147 glycosylation inhibitors through computer-aided screening and inhibition assays. Four compounds were screened as potential CD147 glycosylation inhibitors. Of these, compound 72 was finally identified as the best candidate. Further experiments confirmed that compound 72 inhibited the production of MMPs and the metastasis of cancer cells in the Hela cell line. Results further suggest that compound 72 could promote the expression of E-cadherin by targeting CD147, thereby inhibiting tumor migration. Finally, the structures of the other potential CD147 N-glycosylation inhibitors may eventually provide guidance for future optimization.
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Himbert D, Zeuschner P, Ayoubian H, Heinzelmann J, Stöckle M, Junker K. Characterization of CD147, CA9, and CD70 as Tumor-Specific Markers on Extracellular Vesicles in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:diagnostics10121034. [PMID: 33276608 PMCID: PMC7761541 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by healthy and tumor cells and are involved in cell–cell communication. Tumor-released EVs could represent a new class of biomarkers from liquid biopsies. The aim of this study was to identify tumor-specific EV markers in clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) using cell lines and patient-derived tissue samples. EVs from ccRCC cell lines (786-O, RCC53, Caki1, and Caki2) and patient tissues were isolated via ultracentrifugation. EVs were characterized using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blotting using exosome and putative tumor markers (epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9), CD70, CD147). The tumor markers were verified using immunohistochemistry. CA9 was expressed in Caki2 cells and EVs, and CD147 was found in the cells and EVs of all tested ccRCC cell lines. In tumor tissues, we found an increased expression of CA9, CD70, and CD147 were increased in cell lysates and EV fractions compared to normal tissues. In contrast, EpCAM was heterogeneously expressed in tumor samples and positive in normal tissue. To conclude, we developed an effective technique to isolate EVs directly from human tissue samples with high purity and high concentration. In contrast to EpCAM, CA9, CD70, and CD147 could represent promising markers to identify tumor-specific EVs in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Himbert
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; (D.H.); (P.Z.); (H.A.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Philip Zeuschner
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; (D.H.); (P.Z.); (H.A.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Hiresh Ayoubian
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; (D.H.); (P.Z.); (H.A.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Joana Heinzelmann
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; (D.H.); (P.Z.); (H.A.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Halle (Saale), Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Michael Stöckle
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; (D.H.); (P.Z.); (H.A.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
| | - Kerstin Junker
- Department of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany; (D.H.); (P.Z.); (H.A.); (J.H.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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44
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Gonzalez-Andrades M, Jalimarada SS, Rodriguez-Benavente M, Feeley MN, Woodward AM, AbuSamra DB, Argüeso P. Golgi α1,2-mannosidase I induces clustering and compartmentalization of CD147 during epithelial cell migration. Cell Adh Migr 2020; 14:96-105. [PMID: 32419574 PMCID: PMC7250185 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2020.1764170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
CD147 is a widely expressed matrix metalloproteinase inducer involved in the regulation of cell migration. The high glycosylation and ability to undergo oligomerization have been linked to CD147 function, yet there is limited understanding on the molecular mechanisms behind these processes. The current study demonstrates that the expression of Golgi α1,2-mannosidase I is key to maintaining the cell surface organization of CD147 during cell migration. Using an in vitro model of stratified human corneal epithelial wound healing, we show that CD147 is clustered within lateral plasma membranes at the leading edge of adjacent migrating cells. This localization correlates with a surge in matrix metalloproteinase activity and an increase in the expression of α1,2-mannosidase subtype IC (MAN1C1). Global inhibition of α1,2-mannosidase I activity with deoxymannojirimycin markedly attenuates the glycosylation of CD147 and disrupts its surface distribution at the leading edge, concomitantly reducing the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Likewise, treatment with deoxymannojirimycin or siRNA-mediated knockdown of MAN1C1 impairs the ability of the carbohydrate-binding protein galectin-3 to stimulate CD147 clustering in unwounded cells. We conclude that the mannose-trimming activity of α1,2-mannosidase I coordinates the clustering and compartmentalization of CD147 that follows an epithelial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gonzalez-Andrades
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Supriya S. Jalimarada
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Rodriguez-Benavente
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marissa N. Feeley
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ashley M. Woodward
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dina B. AbuSamra
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pablo Argüeso
- Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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45
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Bosshart PD, Charles RP, Garibsingh RAA, Schlessinger A, Fotiadis D. SLC16 Family: From Atomic Structure to Human Disease. Trends Biochem Sci 2020; 46:28-40. [PMID: 32828650 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The solute carrier 16 (SLC16) family represents a diverse group of membrane proteins mediating the transport of monocarboxylates across biological membranes. Family members show a variety of functional roles ranging from nutrient transport and intracellular pH regulation to thyroid hormone homeostasis. Changes in the expression levels and transport function of certain SLC16 transporters are manifested in severe health disorders including cancer, diabetes, and neurological disorders. L-Lactate-transporting SLC16 family members play essential roles in the metabolism of certain tumors and became validated drug targets. This review illuminates the SLC16 family under a new light using structural information obtained from a SLC16 homolog. Furthermore, the role of these transporters in cancer metabolism and how their inhibition can contribute to anticancer therapy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick D Bosshart
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Roch-Philippe Charles
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Rachel-Ann A Garibsingh
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Avner Schlessinger
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dimitrios Fotiadis
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine and Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) TransCure, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
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46
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Alam SB, Willows S, Kulka M, Sandhu JK. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may be an underappreciated pathogen of the central nervous system. Eur J Neurol 2020; 27:2348-2360. [PMID: 32668062 PMCID: PMC7405269 DOI: 10.1111/ene.14442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) causes a highly contagious respiratory disease referred to as COVID‐19. However, emerging evidence indicates that a small but growing number of COVID‐19 patients also manifest neurological symptoms, suggesting that SARS‐CoV‐2 may infect the nervous system under some circumstances. SARS‐CoV‐2 primarily enters the body through the epithelial lining of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, but under certain conditions this pleiotropic virus may also infect peripheral nerves and gain entry into the central nervous system (CNS). The brain is shielded by various anatomical and physiological barriers, most notably the blood–brain barrier (BBB) which functions to prevent harmful substances, including pathogens and pro‐inflammatory mediators, from entering the brain. The BBB is composed of highly specialized endothelial cells, pericytes, mast cells and astrocytes that form the neurovascular unit, which regulates BBB permeability and maintains the integrity of the CNS. In this review, potential routes of viral entry and the possible mechanisms utilized by SARS‐CoV‐2 to penetrate the CNS, either by disrupting the BBB or infecting the peripheral nerves and using the neuronal network to initiate neuroinflammation, are briefly discussed. Furthermore, the long‐term effects of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection on the brain and in the progression of neurodegenerative diseases known to be associated with other human coronaviruses are considered. Although the mechanisms of SARS‐CoV‐2 entry into the CNS and neurovirulence are currently unknown, the potential pathways described here might pave the way for future research in this area and enable the development of better therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Alam
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Willows
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M Kulka
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J K Sandhu
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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47
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Wazny V, Siau A, Wu KX, Cheung C. Vascular underpinning of COVID-19. Open Biol 2020; 10:200208. [PMID: 32847471 PMCID: PMC7479931 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.200208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 management guidelines have largely attributed critically ill patients who develop acute respiratory distress syndrome, to a systemic overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Cardiovascular dysfunction may also represent a primary phenomenon, with increasing data suggesting that severe COVID-19 reflects a confluence of vascular dysfunction, thrombosis and dysregulated inflammation. Here, we first consolidate the information on localized microvascular inflammation and disordered cytokine release, triggering vessel permeability and prothrombotic conditions that play a central role in perpetuating the pathogenic COVID-19 cascade. Secondly, we seek to clarify the gateways which SARS-CoV-2, the causative COVID-19 virus, uses to enter host vascular cells. Post-mortem examinations of patients' tissues have confirmed direct viral endothelial infection within several organs. While there have been advances in single-cell RNA sequencing, endothelial cells across various vascular beds express low or undetectable levels of those touted SARS-CoV-2 entry factors. Emerging studies postulate alternative pathways and the apicobasal distribution of host cell surface factors could influence endothelial SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication. Finally, we provide experimental considerations such as endothelial polarity, cellular heterogeneity in organoids and shear stress dynamics in designing cellular models to facilitate research on viral-induced endothelial dysfunctions. Understanding the vascular underpinning of COVID-19 pathogenesis is crucial to managing outcomes and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Wazny
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore636921, Singapore
| | - Anthony Siau
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore636921, Singapore
| | - Kan Xing Wu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore636921, Singapore
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore636921, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, 61 Biopolis Drive, Singapore138673, Singapore
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48
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Sun X, Wang M, Wang M, Yao L, Li X, Dong H, Li M, Sun T, Liu X, Liu Y, Xu Y. Role of Proton-Coupled Monocarboxylate Transporters in Cancer: From Metabolic Crosstalk to Therapeutic Potential. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:651. [PMID: 32766253 PMCID: PMC7379837 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Proton-coupled monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), representing the first four isoforms of the SLC16A gene family, mainly participate in the transport of lactate, pyruvate, and other monocarboxylates. Cancer cells exhibit a metabolic shift from oxidative metabolism to an enhanced glycolytic phenotype, leading to a higher production of lactate in the cytoplasm. Excessive accumulation of lactate threatens the survival of cancer cells, and the overexpression of proton-coupled MCTs observed in multiple types of cancer facilitates enhanced export of lactate from highly glycolytic cancer cells. Proton-coupled MCTs not only play critical roles in the metabolic symbiosis between hypoxic and normoxic cancer cells within tumors but also mediate metabolic interaction between cancer cells and cancer-associated stromal cells. Of the four proton-coupled MCTs, MCT1 and MCT4 are the predominantly expressed isoforms in cancer and have been identified as potential therapeutic targets in cancer. Therefore, in this review, we primarily focus on the roles of MCT1 and MCT4 in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells under hypoxic and nutrient-deprived conditions. Additionally, we discuss how MCT1 and MCT4 serve as metabolic links between cancer cells and cancer-associated stromal cells via transport of crucial monocarboxylates, as well as present emerging opportunities and challenges in targeting MCT1 and MCT4 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mozhi Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mengshen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Litong Yao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Haoran Dong
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Meng Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tie Sun
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Sun H, Wen W, Zhao M, Yan X, Zhang L, Jiao X, Yang Y, Fang F, Qin Y, Zhang M, Wei Y. EMMPRIN: A potential biomarker for predicting the presence of obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Chim Acta 2020; 510:317-322. [PMID: 32673670 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2020.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related breathing disorder which is strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between circulating extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) and OSA risk. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study in which a total of 144 patients were recruited. Demographic data, blood biochemical parameters and polysomnography parameters were collected. We used a powerful high-throughput Multiplex Immunobead Assay technique to simultaneously detect circulating levels of EMMPRIN and E-selectin. RESULTS Circulating levels of EMMPRIN were significantly increased in patients with OSA compared to controls (7.58[6.21-8.80] vs 1.47[0.80-5.91] ng/ml, P < 0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, we found that circulating EMMPRIN levels were independently associated with the presence of OSA (odds ratio[OR] = 2.240, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.391-3.607, P < 0.001). Furthermore, circulating EMMPRIN showed greater discriminatory accuracy in predicting the presence of OSA (AUC:0.904). CONCLUSIONS Circulating EMMPRIN levels were significantly increased in patients with OSA, and may be a novel marker for predicting the risk of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wanwan Wen
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lichuan Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolu Jiao
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yunyun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
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50
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Rassart E, Desmarais F, Najyb O, Bergeron KF, Mounier C. Apolipoprotein D. Gene 2020; 756:144874. [PMID: 32554047 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
ApoD is a 25 to 30 kDa glycosylated protein, member of the lipocalin superfamily. As a transporter of several small hydrophobic molecules, its known biological functions are mostly associated to lipid metabolism and neuroprotection. ApoD is a multi-ligand, multi-function protein that is involved lipid trafficking, food intake, inflammation, antioxidative response and development and in different types of cancers. An important aspect of ApoD's role in lipid metabolism appears to involve the transport of arachidonic acid, and the modulation of eicosanoid production and delivery in metabolic tissues. ApoD expression in metabolic tissues has been associated positively and negatively with insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis in a tissue dependent manner. ApoD levels rise considerably in association with aging and neuropathologies such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke, meningoencephalitis, moto-neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. ApoD is also modulated in several animal models of nervous system injury/pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Rassart
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada.
| | - Frederik Desmarais
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada; Laboratoire du Métabolisme Moléculaire des Lipides, Université du Québec à Montréal, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Ouafa Najyb
- Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Karl-F Bergeron
- Laboratoire du Métabolisme Moléculaire des Lipides, Université du Québec à Montréal, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Catherine Mounier
- Laboratoire du Métabolisme Moléculaire des Lipides, Université du Québec à Montréal, Département des Sciences Biologiques, Case Postale 8888, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada
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