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Evanoff NG, Dengel DR, Stockelman KA, Fandl H, DeSouza NM, Greiner JJ, Dufresne SR, Kotlyar M, Garcia VP. Circulating extracellular microvesicles associated with electronic cigarette use increase endothelial cell inflammation and reduce nitric oxide production. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:1593-1603. [PMID: 39092897 PMCID: PMC11363099 DOI: 10.1113/ep091715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of circulating microvesicles isolated from chronic electronic (e-)cigarette users on cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) expression of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), cellular cytokine release, phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and NO production. The HUVECs were treated with microvesicles isolated via flow cytometry from nine non-tobacco users (five male and four female; 22 ± 2 years of age) and 10 e-cigarette users (six male and four female; 22 ± 2 years of age). Microvesicles from e-cigarette users induced significantly greater release of interleukin-6 (183.4 ± 23.6 vs. 150.6 ± 15.4 pg/mL; P = 0.002) and interleukin-8 (160.0 ± 31.6 vs. 129.4 ± 11.2 pg/mL; P = 0.01), in addition to expression of p-NF-κB p65 (Ser536) (18.8 ± 3.4 vs. 15.6 ± 1.5 a.u.; P = 0.02) from HUVECs compared with microvesicles from non-tobacco users. Nuclear factor-κB p65 was not significantly different between microvesicles from the non-tobacco users and from the e-cigarette users (87.6 ± 8.7 vs. 90.4 ± 24.6 a.u.; P = 0.701). Neither total eNOS (71.4 ± 21.8 vs. 80.4 ± 24.5 a.u.; P = 0.413) nor p-eNOS (Thr495) (229.2 ± 26.5 vs. 222.1 ± 22.7 a.u.; P = 0.542) was significantly different between microvesicle-treated HUVECs from non-tobacco users and e-cigarette users. However, p-eNOS (Ser1177) (28.9 ± 6.2 vs. 45.8 ± 9.0 a.u.; P < 0.001) expression was significantly lower from e-cigarette users compared with non-tobacco users. Nitric oxide production was significantly lower (8.2 ± 0.6 vs. 9.7 ± 0.9 μmol/L; P = 0.001) in HUVECs treated with microvesicles from e-cigarette users compared with microvesicles from non-tobacco users. This study demonstrated increased NF-κB activation and inflammatory cytokine production, in addition to diminished eNOS activity and NO production resulting from e-cigarette use. HIGHLIGHTS: What is the central question of this study? Circulating microvesicles contribute to cardiovascular health and disease via their effects on the vascular endothelium. The impact of electronic (e-)cigarette use on circulating microvesicle phenotype is not well understood. What is the main finding and its importance? Circulating microvesicles from e-cigarette users increase endothelial cell inflammation and impair endothelial nitric oxide production. Endothelial inflammation and diminished nitric oxide bioavailability are central factors underlying endothelial dysfunction and, in turn, cardiovascular disease risk. Deleterious changes in the functional phenotype of circulating microvesicles might contribute to the reported adverse effects of e-cigarette use on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas G. Evanoff
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Obesity MedicineUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Donald R. Dengel
- School of KinesiologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
- Center for Pediatric Obesity MedicineUniversity of Minnesota Medical SchoolMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Kelly A. Stockelman
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Hannah Fandl
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Noah M. DeSouza
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Jared J. Greiner
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA
| | - Sheena R. Dufresne
- Department of Experimental and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Michael Kotlyar
- Department of Experimental and Clinical PharmacologyUniversity of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA
| | - Vinicius P. Garcia
- Department of Integrative PhysiologyUniversity of ColoradoBoulderColoradoUSA
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Wilkerson JL, Tatum SM, Holland WL, Summers SA. Ceramides are fuel gauges on the drive to cardiometabolic disease. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1061-1119. [PMID: 38300524 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00008.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are signals of fatty acid excess that accumulate when a cell's energetic needs have been met and its nutrient storage has reached capacity. As these sphingolipids accrue, they alter the metabolism and survival of cells throughout the body including in the heart, liver, blood vessels, skeletal muscle, brain, and kidney. These ceramide actions elicit the tissue dysfunction that underlies cardiometabolic diseases such as diabetes, coronary artery disease, metabolic-associated steatohepatitis, and heart failure. Here, we review the biosynthesis and degradation pathways that maintain ceramide levels in normal physiology and discuss how the loss of ceramide homeostasis drives cardiometabolic pathologies. We highlight signaling nodes that sense small changes in ceramides and in turn reprogram cellular metabolism and stimulate apoptosis. Finally, we evaluate the emerging therapeutic utility of these unique lipids as biomarkers that forecast disease risk and as targets of ceramide-lowering interventions that ameliorate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph L Wilkerson
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Sean M Tatum
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - William L Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
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Sun A, Yang H, Li T, Luo J, Zhou L, Chen R, Han L, Lin Y. Molecular mechanisms, targets and clinical potential of berberine in regulating metabolism: a review focussing on databases and molecular docking studies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1368950. [PMID: 38957396 PMCID: PMC11217548 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1368950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolic imbalance is the common basis of many diseases. As natural isoquinoline alkaloid, berberine (BBR) has shown great promise in regulating glucose and lipids metabolism and treating metabolic disorders. However, the related mechanism still lacks systematic research. Aim: To discuss the role of BBR in the whole body's systemic metabolic regulation and further explore its therapeutic potential and targets. Method: Based on animal and cell experiments, the mechanism of BBR regulating systemic metabolic processes is reviewed. Potential metabolism-related targets were summarized using Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), DrugBank, GeneCards, and cutting-edge literature. Molecular modeling was applied to explore BBR binding to the potential targets. Results: BBR regulates the whole-body metabolic response including digestive, circulatory, immune, endocrine, and motor systems through adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), sirtuin (SIRT)1/forkhead box O (FOXO)1/sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)2, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf) 2/heme oxygenase (HO)-1, and other signaling pathways. Through these reactions, BBR exerts hypoglycemic, lipid-regulating, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, and immune regulation. Molecular docking results showed that BBR could regulate metabolism targeting FOXO3, Nrf2, NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) 4 and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA). Evaluating the target clinical effects, we found that BBR has the therapeutic potential of anti-aging, anti-cancer, relieving kidney disease, regulating the nervous system, and alleviating other chronic diseases. Conclusion: This review elucidates the interaction between potential targets and small molecular metabolites by exploring the mechanism of BBR regulating metabolism. That will help pharmacologists to identify new promising metabolites interacting with these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aru Sun
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Haoyu Yang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Li
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jinli Luo
- China Traditional Chinese Medicine Holdings Co. Limited, Guangdong e-fong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Foshan, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhou
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang’anmen Hospital South Campus, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fedele G, Castiglioni S, Trapani V, Zafferri I, Bartolini M, Casati SM, Ciuffreda P, Wolf FI, Maier JA. Impact of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Activation on Endothelial Behavior under Magnesium Deficiency. Nutrients 2024; 16:1406. [PMID: 38794644 PMCID: PMC11124182 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is a crucial event in the early pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and is linked to magnesium (Mg) deficiency. Indeed, in endothelial cells, low Mg levels promote the acquisition of a pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic phenotype. This paper investigates the mechanisms by which Mg deficiency promotes oxidative stress and affects endothelial behavior in human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Our data show that low Mg levels trigger oxidative stress initially by increasing NAPDH oxidase activity and then by upregulating the pro-oxidant thioredoxin-interacting protein TXNIP. The overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) activates NF-κB, leading to its increased binding to the inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) promoter, with the consequent increase in iNOS expression. The increased levels of nitric oxide (NO) generated by upregulated iNOS contribute to disrupting endothelial cell function by inhibiting growth and increasing permeability. In conclusion, we provide evidence that multiple mechanisms contribute to generate a pro-oxidant state under low-Mg conditions, ultimately affecting endothelial physiology. These data add support to the notion that adequate Mg levels play a significant role in preserving cardiovascular health and may suggest new approaches to prevent or manage cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgia Fedele
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Sara Castiglioni
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Valentina Trapani
- Alleanza Contro il Cancro, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Isabella Zafferri
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Marco Bartolini
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Silvana M. Casati
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Pierangela Ciuffreda
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
| | - Federica I. Wolf
- Department of Medicine, Saint Camillus International Medical School (UniCamillus), Via di Sant’Alessandro 8, 00131 Rome, Italy;
| | - Jeanette A. Maier
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Università di Milano, 20157 Milano, Italy; (G.F.); (S.C.); (I.Z.); (M.B.); (S.M.C.); (P.C.)
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Liang Z, Sun G, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Li X, Qin S, Lv S, Ding J, Zhang Q, Xia Y, Lu D. Protein phosphatase 4 mediates palmitic acid-induced endothelial dysfunction by decreasing eNOS phosphorylation at serine 633 in HUVECs. Exp Cell Res 2024; 437:113998. [PMID: 38513962 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.113998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Plasma saturated free fatty acid (FFA)-induced endothelial dysfunction (ED) contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. However, the mechanism underlying saturated FFA-induced ED remains unclear. This study demonstrated that palmitic acid (PA) induced ED by activating the NADPH oxidase (NOX)/ROS signaling pathway to activate protein phosphatase 4 (PP4) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), thereby reducing endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation at Ser633 and Ser1177, respectively. Okadaic acid (OA) and fostriecin (FST), which are inhibitors of PP2A, inhibited the PA-induced decreases in eNOS phosphorylation at Ser633 and Ser1177. The antioxidants N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and apocynin (APO) or knockdown of gp91phox or p67phox (NOX subunits) restored PA-mediated downregulation of PP4R2 protein expression and eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation. Knockdown of the PP4 catalytic subunit (PP4c) specifically increased eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation, while silencing the PP2A catalytic subunit (PP2Ac) restored only eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation. Furthermore, PA dramatically decreased the protein expression of the PP4 regulatory subunit R2 (PP4R2) but not the other regulatory subunits. PP4R2 overexpression increased eNOS Ser633 phosphorylation, nitric oxide (NO) production, cell migration and tube formation but did not change eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation levels. Coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) suggested that PP4R2 and PP4c interacted with the PP4R3α and eNOS proteins. In summary, PA decreases PP4R2 protein expression through the Nox/ROS pathway to activate PP4, which contributes to ED by dephosphorylating eNOS at Ser633. The results of this study suggest that PP4 is a novel therapeutic target for ED and ED-associated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengwei Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Gang Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junshi Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Si Qin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Sha Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Ding
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Deqin Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China; Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis & Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.
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6
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Xu FF, Xie XF, Hu HY, Tong RS, Peng C. Shenfu injection: a review of pharmacological effects on cardiovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1279584. [PMID: 38420190 PMCID: PMC10899515 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1279584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Shenfu injection (SFI), composed of ginseng and aconite, is a Chinese patent developed from the classic traditional prescription Shenfu Decoction created more than 700 years ago. SFI has been widely used in China for over 30 years for treating cardiovascular diseases. The main components in it include ginsenosides and aconitum alkaloids. In recent years, the role of SFI in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases has attracted much attention. The pharmacological effects and therapeutic applications of SFI in cardiovascular diseases are summarized here, highlighting pharmacological features and potential mechanisms developments, confirming that SFI can play a role in multiple ways and is a promising drug for treating cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Hai-Yan Hu
- Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong-Sheng Tong
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Böttner J, Fischer-Schaepmann T, Werner S, Knauth S, Jahnke HG, Thiele H, Büttner P. Amphetamine increases vascular permeability by modulating endothelial actin cytoskeleton and NO synthase via PAR-1 and VEGF-R. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3596. [PMID: 38351286 PMCID: PMC10864289 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53470-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Abuse of amphetamine-type stimulants is linked to cardiovascular adverse effects like arrhythmias, accelerated atherosclerosis, acute coronary syndromes and sudden cardiac death. Excessive catecholamine release following amphetamine use causes vasoconstriction and vasospasms, over time leading to hypertension, endothelial dysfunction or even cardiotoxicity. However, immediate vascular pathomechanisms related to amphetamine exposure, especially endothelial function, remain incompletely understood and were analyzed in this study. Pharmaco-pathological effects of acute d-amphetamine-sulfate (DAM) were investigated ex vivo using contraction-force measurements of rat carotid artery rings and in vitro using label-free, real-time electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) on endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Specific receptor and target blocking was used to identify molecular targets and to characterize intracellular signaling. DAM induced vasodilation represented by 29.3±2.5% decrease in vascular tone (p<0.001) involving vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGF-R) and protease activated receptor 1 (PAR-1). EIS revealed that DAM induces endothelial barrier disruption (-75.9±1.1% of initial cellular impedance, p<0.001) also involving VEGF-R and PAR-1. Further, in response to DAM, Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) mediated reversible contraction of actin cytoskeleton resulting in endothelial barrier disruption. Dephosphorylation of Serine1177 (-50.8±3.7%, p<0.001) and Threonine495 (-44.8±6.5%, p=0.0103) of the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) were also observed. Blocking of VEGF-R and PAR-1 restored baseline eNOS Threonine495 phosphorylation. DAM induced vasodilation, enhanced vascular permeability and actin cytoskeleton contraction and induced eNOS hypophosphorylation involving VEGF-R, PAR-1 and ROCK. These results may contribute to a better understanding of severe adverse cardiovascular effects in amphetamine abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Böttner
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at Leipzig University, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Tina Fischer-Schaepmann
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at Leipzig University, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Werner
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at Leipzig University, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sarah Knauth
- Institute for Orthodontics, Leipzig University, Liebigstr. 21, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heinz-Georg Jahnke
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine at Leipzig University, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Holger Thiele
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at Leipzig University, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Petra Büttner
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Leipzig at Leipzig University, Strümpellstr. 39, 04289, Leipzig, Germany
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8
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Chen WH, Chen CH, Hsu MC, Chang RW, Wang CH, Lee TS. Advances in the molecular mechanisms of statins in regulating endothelial nitric oxide bioavailability: Interlocking biology between eNOS activity and L-arginine metabolism. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116192. [PMID: 38262153 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Statins, inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A, are widely used to treat hypercholesterolemia. In addition, statins have been suggested to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events owing to their pleiotropic effects on the vascular system, including vasodilation, anti-inflammation, anti-coagulation, anti-oxidation, and inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. The major beneficial effect of statins in maintaining vascular homeostasis is the induction of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by activating endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) in endothelial cells. The mechanisms underlying the increased NO bioavailability and eNOS activation by statins have been well-established in various fields, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation, kinase-dependent phosphorylation and protein-protein interactions. However, the mechanism by which statins affect the metabolism of L-arginine, a precursor of NO biosynthesis, has rarely been discussed. Autophagy, which is crucial for energy homeostasis, regulates endothelial functions, including NO production and angiogenesis, and is a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular diseases. In this review, in addition to summarizing the molecular mechanisms underlying increased NO bioavailability and eNOS activation by statins, we also discuss the effects of statins on the metabolism of L-arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Chen
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hui Chen
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chen Hsu
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Wen Chang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tzong-Shyuan Lee
- Graduate Institute and Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Logan K, Nwokocha C, Asemota H, Gray W. Characterization of ACE inhibitory activity in Dioscorea alata cv and its implication as a natural antihypertensive extract. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117221. [PMID: 37742877 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Yam (Dioscorea sp.) extracts have been shown to possess a vast array of medicinal properties such as antihypocholesterolemic, antiatherogenic and antihypertensive bioactivity. However, the compounds conferring its antihypertensive bioactivity have not been fully explored. AIM OF THE STUDY The objective of this study was to identify extractable bioactive fractions and associated compounds in Jamaican Renta Yam (Dioscorea alata) that contribute to its antihypertensive properties, using an activity driven chemoinformatic profiling method. MATERIALS AND METHODS A diethyl ether extract of Dioscorea alata was obtained by sequential Solid-Liquid extraction coupled to SPE-HPLC fractionation and its chemical composition was analyzed by GC-MS analysis. Its influence on hypertension was evaluated through a combination of in vitro ACE-Inhibitory activity assays and by molecular docking of the identified compounds to the ACE enzyme. RESULTS SLE revealed the presence of potent antihypertensive activity (ACE IC50 41.99 μg/mL) in the diethyl ether extract (DR2). GC-MS analysis of DR2 indicated the presence of small organic compounds (95.1 g/mol to 200 g/mol) with 2-Phenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-ine (2PO) being the most predominant small organic compound present in the bioactive extract. The binding affinity of 2PO was assessed using molecular docking of 2PO to the ACE enzyme and showed strong binding affinities forming two (2) hydrogen bonds with Tyr135 and Trp220 in the active site of the enzyme. The in vitro effect of DR2 using human umbilical vein endothelial cell lines (HUVECs) revealed; a significant dose-dependent ACE-Inhibitory activity, a stimulating of nitric oxide (NO) release and no toxicity towards these cells. CONCLUSION Overall, this study identified Jamaican Renta Yam (Dioscorea alata) as an alternative source of antihypertensive compounds which may address the toxicity seen with known synthetic antihypertensive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keaton Logan
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Chukwuemeka Nwokocha
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Physiology Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Helen Asemota
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica; Biotechnology Centre University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica
| | - Wesley Gray
- Biotechnology Centre University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica; Department of Environmental Toxicology, Southern University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
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10
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Garcia VP, Fandl HK, Hijmans JG, Berry AR, Cardenas HL, Stockelman KA, DeSouza NM, Treuth JW, Greiner JJ, Park AJ, Stauffer BL, DeSouza CA. Effects of circulating endothelial microvesicles isolated from adults with obesity on endothelial cell inflammation, apoptosis, and nitric oxide production. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2024; 326:E38-E49. [PMID: 37991453 PMCID: PMC11193534 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00139.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Circulating endothelial cell-derived microvesicles (EMVs) have been shown to be elevated with obesity and associated with endothelial dysfunction; however, their direct effect on endothelial cells is unknown. The experimental aim of this study was to determine the effect of EMVs isolated from adults with obesity on endothelial cell inflammation, apoptosis, and nitric oxide (NO) production. EMVs (CD144+ microvesicles) were identified, enumerated, and isolated from plasma by flow cytometry from 24 sedentary adults: 12 normal-weight adults [8 M/4 F; age: 55 ± 6 yr; body mass index (BMI): 24.3 ± 0.7 kg/m2; EMV: 144 ± 53 EMVs/µL] and 12 adults with obesity (6 M/6 F; 59 ± 7 yr; BMI: 31.0 ± 1.1 kg/m2; EMV: 245 ± 89 EMVs/µL). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured and treated with EMVs from either normal-weight adults or adults with obesity. EMVs from obese adults induced significantly higher release of interleukin (IL)-6 (108.2 ± 7.7 vs. 90.9 ± 10.0 pg/mL) and IL-8 (75.4 ± 9.8 vs. 59.5 ± 11.5 pg/mL) from endothelial cells vs. EMVs from normal-weight adults, concordant with greater intracellular expression of phosphorylated NF-κB p65 (Ser536; active NF-κB) [145.0 ± 34.1 vs. 114.5 ± 30.4 arbitrary units (AU)]. Expression of phosphorylated p38-MAPK (15.4 ± 5.7 vs. 9.2 ± 2.5 AU) and active caspase-3 (168.2 ± 65.5 vs. 107.8 ± 40.5 AU), markers of cell apoptosis, was higher in cells treated with obesity-related EMVs. Phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (Ser1177) expression (23.5 ± 7.2 vs. 34.7 ± 9.7 AU) and NO production (6.9 ± 1.4 vs. 8.7 ± 0.7 µmol/L) were significantly lower in the cells treated with EMVs from obese adults. These data indicate that circulating EMVs from adults with obesity promote a proinflammatory, proapoptotic, and NO-compromised endothelial phenotype. Circulating EMVs are a potential mediator of obesity-related endothelial dysfunction.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In the present study, we determined the effect of circulating endothelial cell-derived microvesicles (EMVs) isolated from adults with obesity on endothelial cell inflammation, apoptosis, and nitric oxide (NO) production in vitro. Circulating EMVs harvested from adults with obesity promoted a proinflammatory, proapoptotic, and NO-compromised endothelial phenotype. Elevated circulating EMVs in adults with obesity, independent of other cardiometabolic risk factors, are a potential novel systemic mediator of obesity-related endothelial dysfunction and vascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius P Garcia
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Hannah K Fandl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Jamie G Hijmans
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Auburn R Berry
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Hannah L Cardenas
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Kelly A Stockelman
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Noah M DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - J William Treuth
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
| | - Andrew J Park
- Rocky Mountain Regional Spinal Injury System, Craig Hospital, Englewood, Colorado, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Brian L Stauffer
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
- Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, United States
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Center, Denver, Colorado, United States
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11
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Boehme JT, Sun X, Lu Q, Barton J, Wu X, Gong W, Raff GW, Datar SA, Wang T, Fineman JR, Black SM. Simvastatin restores pulmonary endothelial function in the setting of pulmonary over-circulation. Nitric Oxide 2024; 142:58-68. [PMID: 38061411 PMCID: PMC11045265 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Statin therapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of systemic vascular diseases. However, statins have failed to translate as therapeutics for pulmonary vascular disease. Early pulmonary vascular disease in the setting of congenital heart disease (CHD) is characterized by endothelial dysfunction, which precedes the more advanced stages of vascular remodeling. These features make CHD an ideal cohort in which to re-evaluate the potential pulmonary vascular benefits of statins, with a focus on endothelial biology. However, it is critical that the full gamut of the pleiotropic effects of statins in the endothelium are uncovered. The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of simvastatin for children with CHD and pulmonary over-circulation, and examine mechanisms of simvastatin action on the endothelium. Our data demonstrate that daily simvastatin treatment preserves endothelial function in our shunt lamb model of pulmonary over-circulation. Further, using pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs) isolated from Shunt and control lambs, we identified a new mechanism of statin action mediated by increased expression of the endogenous Akt1 inhibitor, C-terminal modifying protein (CTMP). Increases in CTMP were able to decrease the Akt1-mediated mitochondrial redistribution of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) which correlated with increased enzymatic coupling, identified by increases in NO generation and decreases in NOS-derived superoxide. Together our data identify a new mechanism by which simvastatin enhances NO signaling in the pulmonary endothelium and identify CTMP as a potential therapeutic target to prevent the endothelial dysfunction that occurs in children born with CHD resulting in pulmonary over-circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason T Boehme
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Xutong Sun
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Qing Lu
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jubilee Barton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Wenhui Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Gary W Raff
- Department of Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Sanjeev A Datar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Fineman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
| | - Stephen M Black
- Center for Translational Science, Florida International University, 11350 SW Village Parkway, Port St. Lucie, FL, 34987-2352, USA; Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA; Department of Cellular Biology & Pharmacology, Howard Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
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12
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Ye W, Wang J, Little PJ, Zou J, Zheng Z, Lu J, Yin Y, Liu H, Zhang D, Liu P, Xu S, Ye W, Liu Z. Anti-atherosclerotic effects and molecular targets of ginkgolide B from Ginkgo biloba. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:1-19. [PMID: 38239238 PMCID: PMC10792990 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compounds derived from herbal medicinal plants modulate various therapeutic targets and signaling pathways associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world's primary cause of death. Ginkgo biloba , a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with notable cardiovascular actions, has been used as a cardio- and cerebrovascular therapeutic drug and nutraceutical in Asian countries for centuries. Preclinical studies have shown that ginkgolide B, a bioactive component in Ginkgo biloba , can ameliorate atherosclerosis in cultured vascular cells and disease models. Of clinical relevance, several clinical trials are ongoing or being completed to examine the efficacy and safety of ginkgolide B-related drug preparations in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemia stroke. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and mechanisms of action of ginkgolide B in atherosclerosis prevention and therapy. We highlight new molecular targets of ginkgolide B, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NADPH oxidase), lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), platelet-activating factor (PAF), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and others. Finally, we provide an overview and discussion of the therapeutic potential of ginkgolide B and highlight the future perspective of developing ginkgolide B as an effective therapeutic agent for treating atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weile Ye
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peter J. Little
- Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence, School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba QLD 4102, Australia
- Sunshine Coast Health Institute and School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya QLD 4575, Australia
| | - Jiami Zou
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhihua Zheng
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jing Lu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanjun Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, China
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Wencai Ye
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Ministry of Education (MOE) of China, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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13
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Rodrigues SD, da Silva MLS, Martins LZ, Gomes SEB, Mariani NAP, Silva EJR, Kushima H, Mattos BR, Rizzi E, Dias-Junior CA. Pregnancy hypertension-associated endothelial dysfunction is attenuated by isoflurane anesthesia: Evidence of protective effect related to increases in nitric oxide. Life Sci 2023; 331:122039. [PMID: 37648198 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Pregnancy hypertension-induced endothelial dysfunction associated with impairment of nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and hemodynamic derangements is a challenging for urgent procedures requiring maternal anesthesia. The volatile anesthetic isoflurane has demonstrated NO-associated protective effects. However, this isoflurane-induced effect is still unclear in pregnancy hypertension. Therefore, the present study examined the potential protective effects of isoflurane anesthesia on endothelial dysfunction and hemodynamic changes induced by hypertensive pregnancy associated with fetal and placental growth restrictions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals were distributed into four groups: normotensive pregnant rats (Preg), anesthetized pregnant rats (Preg+Iso), hypertensive pregnant rats (HTN-Preg), and anesthetized hypertensive pregnant rats (HTN-Preg+Iso). Systolic and diastolic pressures, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate, fetal and placental weights, vascular contraction, endothelium-derived NO-dependent vasodilation, and NO levels were assessed. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) Serine (1177) phosphorylation (p-eNOS) expression were also examined. KEY FINDINGS Isoflurane produced more expressive hypotensive effects in the HTN-Preg+Iso versus Preg+Iso group, with respective reductions in MAP by 50 ± 13 versus 25 ± 4 mmHg (P < 0.05). Also, HTN-Preg+Iso compared to the HTN-Preg group showed (respectively) preventions against the weight loss of the fetuses (4.0 ± 0.6 versus 2.8 ± 0.6 g, P < 0.05) and placentas (0.37 ± 0.06 versus 0.30 ± 0.06 mg, P < 0.05), hyper-reactive vasocontraction response (1.8 ± 0.4 versus 2.8 ± 0.6 g, P < 0.05), impaired endothelium-derived NO-dependent vasodilation (84 ± 8 versus 50 ± 17 %, P < 0.05), reduced VEGF levels (147 ± 46 versus 25 ± 13 pg/mL, P < 0.05), and decreased p-eNOS expression (0.24 ± 0.07 versus 0.09 ± 0.05 arbitrary units, P < 0.05). SIGNIFICANCE Isoflurane anesthesia protects maternal endothelial function in pregnancy hypertension, and possibly endothelium-derived NO is involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serginara David Rodrigues
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza Santos da Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Laisla Zanetoni Martins
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Sáskia Estela Biasotti Gomes
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Noemia A P Mariani
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Erick J R Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Hélio Kushima
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Rahal Mattos
- Unit of Biotechnology, University of Ribeirao Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Elen Rizzi
- Unit of Biotechnology, University of Ribeirao Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto 14096-900, SP, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alan Dias-Junior
- Department of Biophysics and Pharmacology, Institute of Biosciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, 18618-689, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Davis MJ, Earley S, Li YS, Chien S. Vascular mechanotransduction. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:1247-1421. [PMID: 36603156 PMCID: PMC9942936 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00053.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to survey the current state of mechanotransduction in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), including their sensing of mechanical stimuli and transduction of mechanical signals that result in the acute functional modulation and longer-term transcriptomic and epigenetic regulation of blood vessels. The mechanosensors discussed include ion channels, plasma membrane-associated structures and receptors, and junction proteins. The mechanosignaling pathways presented include the cytoskeleton, integrins, extracellular matrix, and intracellular signaling molecules. These are followed by discussions on mechanical regulation of transcriptome and epigenetics, relevance of mechanotransduction to health and disease, and interactions between VSMCs and ECs. Throughout this review, we offer suggestions for specific topics that require further understanding. In the closing section on conclusions and perspectives, we summarize what is known and point out the need to treat the vasculature as a system, including not only VSMCs and ECs but also the extracellular matrix and other types of cells such as resident macrophages and pericytes, so that we can fully understand the physiology and pathophysiology of the blood vessel as a whole, thus enhancing the comprehension, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Scott Earley
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
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15
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Li B, Shi Y, Qiu W, Lin Q, Zeng S, Hou Y, Zhou H, Chen M, Zhang D. Limosilactobacillus reuteri ameliorates preeclampsia in mice via improving gut dysbiosis and endothelial dysfunction. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114429. [PMID: 36841030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a leading cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality, preeclampsia (PE) remains enigmatic. We confirmed that PE is associated with gut dysbiosis. However, whether probiotics could improve PE via regulating gut microbiota remains unclear. Exploring specific probiotic that could alleviate PE by modulating gut microbiota and elucidating detailed mechanisms will be essential for treating PE. METHODS PE model was induced by nitric oxide (NO) inhibition with L-NAME in mice, and treated with Limosilactobacillus reuteri (L. reuteri). 16 S rDNA analysis was conducted on feces from mice. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to explore the roles and mechanisms of L. reuteri in PE. RESULTS NO inhibition by L-NAME induced PE and gut dysbiosis in mice, characterized by differential gut microbiome, reduced alpha diversity, and markedly decreased abundance of Lactobacillales and L. reuteri. Importantly, L. reuteri could improve PE induced by L-NAME in mice, and ameliorate the gut dysbiosis of PE mice, including restorative gut microbiota composition, increased alpha diversity, and upregulated L. reuteri content. Moreover, L. reuteri could improve NO synthesis, angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidative stress of PE mice. Consistently, L. reuteri could ameliorate NO synthesis, endothelial dysfunction and inflammation mediated by L-NAME in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Our results reveal that L. reuteri could ameliorate PE induced by NO inhibition in mice via improving gut dysbiosis and endothelial dysfunction, supporting gut microbiota serving as therapeutic target for treating PE originated from endothelial dysfunction and L. reuteri protecting patients from PE via modulating gut microbiota and endothelial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Li
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiya Shi
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Qiu
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Lin
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanshui Zeng
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China.
| | - Muxuan Chen
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongxin Zhang
- Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Fernandes D, Khambata RS, Massimo G, Ruivo E, Gee LC, Foster J, Goddard A, Curtis M, Barnes MR, Wade WG, Godec T, Orlandi M, D'Aiuto F, Ahluwalia A. Local delivery of nitric oxide prevents endothelial dysfunction in periodontitis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 188:106616. [PMID: 36566926 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Increased cardiovascular disease risk underlies elevated rates of mortality in individuals with periodontitis. A key characteristic of those with increased cardiovascular risk is endothelial dysfunction, a phenomenon synonymous with deficiencies of bioavailable nitric oxide (NO), and prominently expressed in patients with periodontitis. Also, inorganic nitrate can be reduced to NO in vivo to restore NO levels, leading us to hypothesise that its use may be beneficial in reducing periodontitis-associated endothelial dysfunction. Herein we sought to determine whether inorganic nitrate improves endothelial function in the setting of periodontitis and if so to determine the mechanisms underpinning any responses seen. METHODS AND RESULTS Periodontitis was induced in mice by placement of a ligature for 14 days around the second molar. Treatment in vivo with potassium nitrate, either prior to or following establishment of experimental periodontitis, attenuated endothelial dysfunction, as determined by assessment of acetylcholine-induced relaxation of aortic rings, compared to control (potassium chloride treatment). These beneficial effects were associated with a suppression of vascular wall inflammatory pathways (assessed by quantitative-PCR), increases in the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 and reduced tissue oxidative stress due to attenuation of xanthine oxidoreductase-dependent superoxide generation. In patients with periodontitis, plasma nitrite levels were not associated with endothelial function indicating dysfunction. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that inorganic nitrate protects against, and can partially reverse pre-existing, periodontitis-induced endothelial dysfunction through restoration of nitrite and thus NO levels. This research highlights the potential of dietary nitrate as adjunct therapy to target the associated negative cardiovascular outcomes in patients with periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fernandes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK; Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rayomand S Khambata
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Gianmichele Massimo
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Ernesto Ruivo
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Lorna C Gee
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Julie Foster
- Centre for Biomarkers and Biotherapeutics, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Alison Goddard
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Mike Curtis
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Michael R Barnes
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - William G Wade
- Centre for Host-Microbiome Interactions, King's College London, London, UK; Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Thomas Godec
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Marco Orlandi
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
| | | | - Amrita Ahluwalia
- William Harvey Research Institute, Barts & The London Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
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Chen G, Zhang L, Van Schepdael A, Wang X. Recent Advances in Activation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase by Natural Products: An Effects and Mechanisms Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2023.2166061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangxuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Ann Van Schepdael
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, Pharmaceutical Analysis, KU Leuven - University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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18
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Garimella PS, du Toit C, Le NN, Padmanabhan S. A genomic deep field view of hypertension. Kidney Int 2023; 103:42-52. [PMID: 36377113 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2022.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Blood pressure is regulated by a complex neurohumoral system including the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, natriuretic peptides, endothelial pathways, the sympathetic nervous system, and the immune system. This review charts the evolution of our understanding of the genomic basis of hypertension at increasing resolution over the last 5 decades from monogenic causes to polygenic associations, spanning ∼30 monogenic rare variants and >1500 single nucleotide variants. Unexpected early wins from blood pressure genomics include deepening of our understanding of the complex causation of hypertension; refinement of causal estimates bidirectionally between blood pressure, risk factors, and outcomes through Mendelian randomization; risk stratification using polygenic risk scores; and opportunities for precision medicine and drug repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav S Garimella
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Clea du Toit
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Nhu Ngoc Le
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sandosh Padmanabhan
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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Association between atherogenic risk-modulating proteins and endothelium-dependent flow-mediated dilation in coronary artery disease patients. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:367-380. [PMID: 36305972 PMCID: PMC9894982 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05040-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endothelial dysfunction is an early and integral event in the development of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD). Reduced NO bioavailability, oxidative stress, vasoconstriction, inflammation and senescence are all implicated in endothelial dysfunction. However, there are limited data examining associations between these pathways and direct in vivo bioassay measures of endothelial function in CAD patients. This study aimed to examine the relationships between in vivo measures of vascular function and the expression of atherogenic risk-modulating proteins in endothelial cells (ECs) isolated from the radial artery of CAD patients. METHODS Fifty-six patients with established CAD underwent trans-radial catheterization. Prior to catheterization, radial artery vascular function was assessed using a) flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and b) exercise-induced dilation in response to handgrip (HE%). Freshly isolated ECs were obtained from the radial artery during catheterization and protein content of eNOS, NAD(P)H oxidase subunit NOX2, NFκB, ET-1 and the senescence markers p53, p21 and p16 were evaluated alongside nitrotyrosine abundance and eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation. RESULTS FMD was positively associated with eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation (r = 0.290, P = 0.037), and protein content of p21 (r = 0.307, P = 0.027) and p16 (r = 0.426, P = 0.002). No associations were found between FMD and markers of oxidative stress, vasoconstriction or inflammation. In contrast to FMD, HE% was not associated with any of the EC proteins. CONCLUSION These data revealed a difference in the regulation of endothelium-dependent vasodilation measured in vivo between patients with CAD compared to previously reported data in subjects without a clinical diagnosis, suggesting that eNOS Ser1177 phosphorylation may be the key to maintain vasodilation in CAD patients.
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Endothelial METRNL determines circulating METRNL level and maintains endothelial function against atherosclerosis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022; 13:1568-1587. [PMID: 37139425 PMCID: PMC10149902 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
METRNL is a recently identified secreted protein with emerging functions. This study is to find major cellular source of circulating METRNL and to determine METRNL novel function. Here, we show METRNL is abundant in human and mouse vascular endothelium and released by endothelial cells using endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi apparatus pathway. By creating endothelial cell-specific Metrnl knockout mice, combined with bone marrow transplantation to produce bone marrow-specific deletion of Metrnl, we demonstrate that most of circulating METRNL (approximately 75%) originates from the endothelial cells. Both endothelial and circulating METRNL decrease in atherosclerosis mice and patients. By generating endothelial cell-specific Metrnl knockout in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, combined with bone marrow-specific deletion of Metrnl in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice, we further demonstrate that endothelial METRNL deficiency accelerates atherosclerosis. Mechanically, endothelial METRNL deficiency causes vascular endothelial dysfunction including vasodilation impairment via reducing eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and inflammation activation via enhancing NFκB pathway, which promotes the susceptibility of atherosclerosis. Exogenous METRNL rescues METRNL deficiency induced endothelial dysfunction. These findings reveal that METRNL is a new endothelial substance not only determining the circulating METRNL level but also regulating endothelial function for vascular health and disease. METRNL is a therapeutic target against endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.
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21
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Biological Assessment of the NO-Dependent Endothelial Function. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27227921. [PMID: 36432022 PMCID: PMC9698916 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in numerous physiological processes, including vascular homeostasis. Reduced NO bioavailability is a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction, a prequel to many cardiovascular diseases. Biomarkers of an early NO-dependent endothelial dysfunction obtained from routine venous blood sampling would be of great interest but are currently lacking. The direct measurement of circulating NO remains a challenge due by its high reactivity and short half-life. The current techniques measure stable products from the NO signaling pathway or metabolic end products of NO that do not accurately represent its bioavailability and, therefore, endothelial function per se. In this review, we will concentrate on an original technique of low temperature electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy capable to directly measure the 5-α-coordinated heme nitrosyl-hemoglobin in the T (tense) state (5-α-nitrosyl-hemoglobin or HbNO) obtained from fresh venous human erythrocytes. In humans, HbNO reflects the bioavailability of NO formed in the vasculature from vascular endothelial NOS or exogenous NO donors with minor contribution from erythrocyte NOS. The HbNO signal is directly correlated with the vascular endothelial function and inversely correlated with vascular oxidative stress. Pilot studies support the validity of HbNO measurements both for the detection of endothelial dysfunction in asymptomatic subjects and for the monitoring of such dysfunction in patients with known cardiovascular disease. The impact of therapies or the severity of diseases such as COVID-19 infection involving the endothelium could also be monitored and their incumbent risk of complications better predicted through serial measurements of HbNO.
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22
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Song W, Yuan Y, Tan X, Gu Y, Zeng J, Song W, Xin Z, Fang D, Guan R. Icariside II induces rapid phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase via multiple signaling pathways. PeerJ 2022; 10:e14192. [PMID: 36312762 PMCID: PMC9615964 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Icariside II, as a favonoid compound derived from epimedium, has been proved to involed in a variety of biological and pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-osteoporosis, anti-oxidation, anti-aging, and anti-cancer but its mechanism is unclear, especially in terms of its effect on post-transcriptional modification of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Phosphorylation of eNOS plays an important role in the synthesis of nitric oxide in endothelial cells, which is closely related to erectile dysfunction, atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and other diseases. Our study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of Icariside II on the rapid phosphorylation of eNOS. In this study, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated with Icariside II in the presence or absence of multiple inhibitors (1 µM), including LY294002 (PI3K-inhibitor), MK-2206 (AKT-inhibitor), Bisindolylmaleimide X (AMPK-inhibitor), H-89 (CaMKII-inhibitor), KN-62 (PKA-inhibitor), Dorsomorphin (PKC-inhibitor). The proliferation of HUVECs was assessed using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). The release of nitric oxide (NO) within HUVECs was detected via fluorescence probe (DAF-FM). Western blot was used to examine the effect of Icariside II on the expression of eNOS, phosphorylation of eNOS, and common signaling pathways proteins. In this study, Icariside II was found to promote the cell proliferation and rapid NO release in HUVECs. The phosphorylation of eNOS-Ser1177 was significantly increased after Icariside II stimulation and reached a peak at 10 min (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the phosphorylation of eNOS-Thr495 was significantly decreased after 45 min of stimulation (p < 0.05). Following the intervention with multiple inhibitors, it was found that MK-2206 (AKT inhibitor), LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor), KN-62 (AMPK inhibitor), and Bisindolylmaleimide X (PKC inhibitor) could significantly inhibit the phosphorylation of eNOS-Ser1177 caused by Icariside II (p < 0.05), while MK-2206, LY294002, and Bisindolylmaleimide X reversed the alleviated phosphorylation of eNOS-Thr495. We concluded that Icariside can regulate rapid phosphorylation of eNOS- Ser1177 and eNOS-Thr495 via multiple signaling pathways, resulting in the up-regulation of eNOS and the increased release of NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China,Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Yuan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohui Tan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yangyang Gu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Department of Radiation Medicine, Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyu Zeng
- Department of Dental Implant Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongcheng Xin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Ruili Guan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China,Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China,Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
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23
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Nakata T, Shindo T, Ito K, Eguchi K, Monma Y, Ichijo S, Ryoke R, Satoh W, Kumasaka K, Sato H, Kurosawa R, Satoh K, Kawashima R, Miura M, Kanai H, Yasuda S, Shimokawa H. Beneficial Effects of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Therapy on Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Animal Models. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 8:283-297. [PMID: 37034290 PMCID: PMC10077125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Right ventricular failure (RVF) is a leading cause of death in patients with pulmonary hypertension; however, effective treatment remains to be developed. We have developed low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy for cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in RVF patients was downregulated and that eNOS expression and its downstream pathway were ameliorated through eNOS activation in 2 animal models of RVF. These results indicate that eNOS is an important therapeutic target of RVF, for which low-intensity pulsed ultrasound therapy is a promising therapy for patients with RVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kenta Ito
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kumiko Eguchi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yuto Monma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Sadamitsu Ichijo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Rie Ryoke
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Wakako Satoh
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Health Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kumasaka
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Health Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Haruka Sato
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Health Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryo Kurosawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kimio Satoh
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahito Miura
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Health Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kanai
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
- International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
- Address for correspondence: Dr Hiroaki Shimokawa, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita 286-8686, Japan.
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24
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Sowa PW, Winzer EB, Hommel J, Männel A, van Craenenbroeck EM, Wisløff U, Pieske B, Halle M, Linke A, Adams V. Impact of different training modalities on high-density lipoprotein function in HFpEF patients: a substudy of the OptimEx trial. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:3019-3030. [PMID: 35747946 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.14032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), the reduction of nitric oxide (NO)-bioavailability and consequently endothelial dysfunction leads to LV stiffness and diastolic dysfunction of the heart. Besides shear stress, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) stimulates endothelial cells to increased production of NO via phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). For patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, earlier studies demonstrated a positive impact of exercise training (ET) on HDL-mediated eNOS activation. The study aims to investigate the influence of ET on HDL-mediated phosphorylation of eNOS in HFpEF patients. METHODS AND RESULTS The present study is a substudy of the OptimEx-Clin trial. The patients were randomized to three groups: (i) HIIT (high-intensity interval training; (ii) MCT (moderate-intensity continuous training); and (iii) CG (control group). Supervised training at study centres was offered for the first 3 months. From months 4-12, training sessions were continued at home with the same exercise protocol as performed during the in-hospital phase. Blood was collected at baseline, after 3, and 12 months, and HDL was isolated by ultracentrifugation. Human aortic endothelial cells were incubated with isolated HDL, and HDL-induced eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and Thr495 was assessed. Subsequently, the antioxidative function of HDL was evaluated by measuring the activity of HDL-associated paraoxonase-1 (Pon1) and the concentration of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). After 3 months of supervised ET, HIIT resulted in increased HDL-mediated eNOS-Ser1177 phosphorylation. This effect diminished after 12 months of ET. No effect of HIIT was observed on HDL-mediated eNOS-Thr495 phosphorylation. MCT had no effect on HDL-mediated eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and Thr495 . HIIT also increased Pon1 activity after 12 months of ET and reduced the concentration of TBARS in the serum after 3 and 12 months of ET. A negative correlation was observed between TBARS concentration and HDL-associated Pon1 activity in the HIIT group (r = -0.61, P < 0.05), and a trend was evident for the correlation between the change in HDL-mediated eNOS-Ser1177 phosphorylation and the change in peak V̇O2 after 3 months in the HIIT group (r = 0.635, P = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS The present study documented that HIIT but not MCT exerts beneficial effects on HDL-mediated eNOS phosphorylation and HDL-associated Pon1 activity in HFpEF patients. These beneficial effects of HIIT were reduced as soon as the patients switched to home-based ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela W Sowa
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ephraim B Winzer
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jennifer Hommel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anita Männel
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Emeline M van Craenenbroeck
- Research Group Cardiovascular Diseases, GENCOR, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ulrik Wisløff
- The Cardiac Exercise Research Group at Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Burkert Pieske
- Department Internal Medicine and Cardiology, Campus Virchow Klinikum, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Halle
- Department of Prevention and Sports Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Axel Linke
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Volker Adams
- Laboratory of Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Technische Universität Dresden, Heart Center Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Dresden Cardiovascular Research Institute and Core Laboratories GmbH, Dresden, Germany
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25
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An ACE2-Alamandine Axis Modulates the Cardiac Performance of the Goldfish Carassius auratus via the NOS/NO System. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040764. [PMID: 35453449 PMCID: PMC9026556 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alamandine is a peptide of the Renin Angiotensin System (RAS), either generated from Angiotensin A via the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), or directly from Ang-(1-7). In mammals, it elicits cardioprotection via Mas-related G-protein-coupled receptor D (MrgD), and the NOS/NO system. In teleost fish, RAS is known to modulate heart performance. However, no information is available on the presence of a cardioactive ACE2/Alamandine axis. To fill this gap, we used the cyprinid teleost Carassius auratus (goldfish) for in silico and in vitro analyses. Via the NCBI Blast P suite we found that in cyprinids ace2 is phylogenetically detectable in a subcluster of proteins including ace2-like isoforms, and is correlated with a hypoxia-dependent pathway. By real-time PCR, Western Blotting, and HPLC, ACE2 and Alamandine were identified in goldfish heart and plasma, respectively. Both increased after chronic exposure to low O2 (2.6 mg O2 L-1). By using an ex-vivo working goldfish-heart preparation, we observed that in vitro administration of exogenous Alamandine dose-dependently stimulates myocardial contractility starting from 10-11 M. The effect that involved Mas-related receptors and PKA occurred via the NOS/NO system. This was shown by exposing the perfused heart to the NOS inhibitor L-NMMA (10-5 M) that abolished the cardiac effect of Alamandine and was supported by the increased expression of the phosphorylated NOS enzyme in the extract from goldfish heart exposed to 10-10 M Alamandine. Our data are the first to show that an ACE2/Alamandine axis is present in the goldfish C. auratus and, to elicit cardiac modulation, requires the obligatory involvement of the NOS/NO system.
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26
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Jin J, Liu J, Luo Y, He H, Zheng X, Zheng C, Huang Y, Chen Y. High fructose induces dysfunctional vasodilatation via PP2A-mediated eNOS Ser1177 dephosphorylation. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2022; 19:24. [PMID: 35331293 PMCID: PMC8944156 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-022-00659-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Processed foods are popular and contain large amounts of industrial fructose, which changes people’s diet and exacerbates the negative health effects of high fructose. Several studies have shown that excessive intake of fructose has a major impact on vascular disease. However, the mechanism of the effect of high fructose on blood vessels is currently unclear. Methods The effect of fructose on the vasodilatation of isolated thoracic aortic rings was observed by using wire myography in wild-type (WT) mice. Cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production were assessed by the corresponding kits in mouse vascular endothelial cells. The effect of fructose on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and their changes in phosphorylation were detected by using Western blots. Moreover, a PP2A inhibitor (okadaic acid, OA) was used to evaluate the relationship between fructose and PP2A. Furthermore, PP2ACα endothelial-specific knockout (PP2A cKO) mice were used to detect the vasodilatation of in vitro fructose-incubated thoracic aortic rings by using wire myography. Results High fructose induced endothelium-dependent dysfunctional vasodilatation. High fructose reduced acetylcholine (Ach)-induced vasodilation but did not affect sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced vasodilation. Accordingly, NO production and the phosphorylation level of eNOS at serine (Ser) 1177 (P-eNOS) in vascular endothelial cells were remarkably reduced without changes in cell viability. The expression of protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2AC) was increased and the expression of phosphorylated PP2AC (P-PP2A, tyrosine [Tyr] 307) was significantly decreased. Nevertheless, these effects were reversed by OA. Moreover, knockout of the PP2A gene could recover the response of vessels to Ach under high fructose stimulation. Conclusions Our observations demonstrate an underlying mechanism of fructose-induced dysfunctional vasodilatation. Fructose could activate PP2A, which leads to decrease in the phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1177 and the reduction of NO release, thus leading to the occurrence of endothelium-dependent dysfunctional vasodilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Jingya Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yong Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Hong He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, No. 63 Duobao Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou, 510150, China
| | - Xinyue Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, China
| | - Chaoyang Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Clinical Medical College and Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital, The School of Dental Medicine, Jinan University, No. 613W. Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232 Waihuan Dong Rd., Guangzhou University Town, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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27
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Kumari R, Dutta R, Ranjan P, Suleiman ZG, Goswami SK, Li J, Pal HC, Verma SK. ALKBH5 Regulates SPHK1-Dependent Endothelial Cell Angiogenesis Following Ischemic Stress. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 8:817304. [PMID: 35127873 PMCID: PMC8811170 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.817304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endothelial cells dysfunction has been reported in many heart diseases including acute myocardial infarction, and atherosclerosis. The molecular mechanism for endothelial dysfunction in the heart is still not clearly understood. We aimed to study the role of m6A RNA demethylase alkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5) in ECs angiogenesis during ischemic injury. Methods and Results ECs were treated with ischemic insults (lipopolysaccharide and 1% hypoxia) to determine the role of ALKBH5 in ECs angiogenesis. siRNA mediated ALKBH5 gene silencing was used for examining the loss of function. In this study, we report that ALKBH5 levels are upregulated following ischemia and are associated with maintaining ischemia-induced ECs angiogenesis. To decipher the mechanism of action, we found that ALKBH5 is required to maintain eNOS phosphorylation and SPHK1 protein levels. ALKBH5 silencing alone or with ischemic stress significantly increased SPHK1 m6A mRNA methylation. In contrast, METTL3 (RNA methyltransferase) overexpression resulted in the reduced expression of SPHK1. Conclusion We reported that ALKBH5 helps in the maintenance of angiogenesis in endothelial cells following acute ischemic stress via reduced SPHK1 m6A methylation and downstream eNOS-AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Kumari
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Roshan Dutta
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Prabhat Ranjan
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Zainab Gbongbo Suleiman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Sumanta Kumar Goswami
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Jing Li
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Harish Chandra Pal
- Department of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Pathology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Suresh Kumar Verma
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
- *Correspondence: Suresh Kumar Verma
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Kosiński K, Malinowski D, Safranow K, Dziedziejko V, Pawlik A. PECAM1, COL4A2, PHACTR1, and LMOD1 Gene Polymorphisms in Patients with Unstable Angina. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11020373. [PMID: 35054067 PMCID: PMC8778316 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11020373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a syndrome resulting from myocardial ischaemia of heterogeneous pathomechanism. Environmental and genetic factors contribute to its development. Atherosclerotic plaques that significantly narrow the lumen of coronary arteries cause symptoms of myocardial ischaemia. Acute coronary incidents are most often associated with plaque rupture or erosion accompanied by local activation of the coagulation system with thrombus formation. Plaque formation and stability are influenced by endothelial function and vascular smooth muscle cell function. In this study, we investigated the association between polymorphisms in genes affecting endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function and the occurrence of unstable angina pectoris. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the PECAM1 (rs1867624), COL4A2 (rs4773144), PHACTR1 (rs9349379) and LMOD1 (rs2820315) gene polymorphisms and the risk of unstable angina. The study included 232 patients with unstable angina diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms and coronary angiography and 144 healthy subjects with no significant coronary lumen stenosis at coronary angiography. There were no statistically significant differences in the distribution of COL4A2 rs4773144 and PECAM1 rs1867624 gene polymorphisms between patients with unstable angina and control subjects. In patients with unstable angina, there was an increased frequency of PHACTR1 rs9349379 G allele carriers (GG and AG genotypes) (GG+AG vs. AA, OR 1.71; 95% CI 1.10-2.66, p = 0.017) and carriers of the LMOD1 rs2820315 T allele (TT and CT genotypes) (TT+CT vs. CC, OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.09-2.51, p = 0.019) compared to the control group. The association between these alleles and unstable angina was confirmed by multivariate logistic regression analysis, in which the number of G (PHACTR1 rs9349379) and T (LMOD1 rs2820315) alleles was an independent risk factor for unstable angina. The results suggest an association between PHACTR1 rs9349379 and LMOD1 rs2820315 polymorphisms and the risk of unstable angina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Kosiński
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital in Szczecin, Arkonska 4, 71-455 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Damian Malinowski
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Violetta Dziedziejko
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland; (K.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Powstańców Wlkp. 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
- Correspondence:
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29
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Frenis K, Kuntic M, Hahad O, Bayo Jimenez MT, Oelze M, Daub S, Steven S, Münzel T, Daiber A. Redox Switches in Noise-Induced Cardiovascular and Neuronal Dysregulation. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:784910. [PMID: 34869603 PMCID: PMC8637611 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.784910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposures represent a significant health hazard, which cumulatively may be responsible for up to 2/3 of all chronic non-communicable disease and associated mortality (Global Burden of Disease Study and The Lancet Commission on Pollution and Health), which has given rise to a new concept of the exposome: the sum of environmental factors in every individual’s experience. Noise is part of the exposome and is increasingly being investigated as a health risk factor impacting neurological, cardiometabolic, endocrine, and immune health. Beyond the well-characterized effects of high-intensity noise on cochlear damage, noise is relatively well-studied in the cardiovascular field, where evidence is emerging from both human and translational experiments that noise from traffic-related sources could represent a risk factor for hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. In the present review, we comprehensively discuss the current state of knowledge in the field of noise research. We give a brief survey of the literature documenting experiments in noise exposure in both humans and animals with a focus on cardiovascular disease. We also discuss the mechanisms that have been uncovered in recent years that describe how exposure to noise affects physiological homeostasis, leading to aberrant redox signaling resulting in metabolic and immune consequences, both of which have considerable impact on cardiovascular health. Additionally, we discuss the molecular pathways of redox involvement in the stress responses to noise and how they manifest in disruptions of the circadian rhythm, inflammatory signaling, gut microbiome composition, epigenetic landscape and vessel function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Frenis
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Oelze
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Steffen Daub
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sebastian Steven
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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30
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Fagiani F, Vlachou M, Di Marino D, Canobbio I, Romagnoli A, Racchi M, Govoni S, Lanni C. Pin1 as Molecular Switch in Vascular Endothelium: Notes on Its Putative Role in Age-Associated Vascular Diseases. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123287. [PMID: 34943794 PMCID: PMC8699654 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
By controlling the change of the backbones of several cellular substrates, the peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase Pin1 acts as key fine-tuner and amplifier of multiple signaling pathways, thereby inducing several biological consequences, both in physiological and pathological conditions. Data from the literature indicate a prominent role of Pin1 in the regulating of vascular homeostasis. In this review, we will critically dissect Pin1’s role as conformational switch regulating the homeostasis of vascular endothelium, by specifically modulating nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. In this regard, Pin1 has been reported to directly control NO production by interacting with bovine endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) at Ser116-Pro117 (human equivalent is Ser114-Pro115) in a phosphorylation-dependent manner, regulating its catalytic activity, as well as by regulating other intracellular players, such as VEGF and TGF-β, thereby impinging upon NO release. Furthermore, since Pin1 has been found to act as a critical driver of vascular cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation, with implication in many vascular diseases (e.g., diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and cardiac hypertrophy), evidence indicating that Pin1 may serve a pivotal role in vascular endothelium will be discussed. Understanding the role of Pin1 in vascular homeostasis is crucial in terms of finding a new possible therapeutic player and target in vascular pathologies, including those affecting the elderly (such as small and large vessel diseases and vascular dementia) or those promoting the full expression of neurodegenerative dementing diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Fagiani
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
| | - Marieva Vlachou
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
| | - Daniele Di Marino
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.D.M.); (A.R.)
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Alice Romagnoli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (D.D.M.); (A.R.)
- New York-Marche Structural Biology Center (NY-MaSBiC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Marco Racchi
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
| | - Stefano Govoni
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristina Lanni
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, V.le Taramelli 14, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (F.F.); (M.V.); (M.R.); (C.L.)
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31
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Zhang Z, Na H, Gan Q, Tao Q, Alekseyev Y, Hu J, Yan Z, Yang JB, Tian H, Zhu S, Li Q, Rajab IM, Blusztajn JK, Wolozin B, Emili A, Zhang X, Stein T, Potempa LA, Qiu WQ. Monomeric C-reactive protein via endothelial CD31 for neurovascular inflammation in an ApoE genotype-dependent pattern: A risk factor for Alzheimer's disease? Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13501. [PMID: 34687487 PMCID: PMC8590103 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In chronic peripheral inflammation, endothelia in brain capillary beds could play a role for the apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4)‐mediated risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. Using human brain tissues, here we demonstrate that the interactions of endothelial CD31 with monomeric C‐reactive protein (mCRP) versus ApoE were linked with shortened neurovasculature for AD pathology and cognition. Using ApoE knock‐in mice, we discovered that intraperitoneal injection of mCRP, via binding to CD31 on endothelial surface and increased CD31 phosphorylation (pCD31), leading to cerebrovascular damage and the extravasation of T lymphocytes into the ApoE4 brain. While mCRP was bound to endothelial CD31 in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner, knockdown of CD31 significantly decreased mCRP binding and altered the expressions of vascular‐inflammatory factors including vWF, NF‐κB and p‐eNOS. RNAseq revealed endothelial pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and AD pathogenesis were enhanced, but endothelial pathways involving in epigenetics and vasculogenesis were inhibited in ApoE4. This is the first report providing some evidence on the ApoE4‐mCRP‐CD31 pathway for the cross talk between peripheral inflammation and cerebrovasculature leading to AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengrong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Hana Na
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Qini Gan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Qiushan Tao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Yuriy Alekseyev
- Microarray and Sequencing Core Facility Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Junming Hu
- Department of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Zili Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Jack B. Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Hua Tian
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Pharmacology Xiaman Medical College Xiaman China
| | - Shenyu Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Nursing School Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar China
| | | | - Jan Krizysztof Blusztajn
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Benjamin Wolozin
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Andrew Emili
- Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- Department of Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Thor Stein
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- VA Boston Healthcare System Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center Bedford Massachusetts USA
| | | | - Wei Qiao Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Alzheimer’s Disease Center Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
- Department of Psychiatry Boston University School of Medicine Boston Massachusetts USA
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32
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Long P, Li Y, Wen Q, Huang M, Li S, Lin Y, Huang X, Chen M, Ouyang J, Ao Y, Qi Q, Zhang H, Ye W, Cheng G, Zhang X, Zhang D. 3'-Oxo-tabernaelegantine A (OTNA) selectively relaxes pulmonary arteries by inhibiting AhR. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 92:153751. [PMID: 34563984 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), characterized by pulmonary artery constriction and vascular remodeling, has a high mortality rate. New drugs for the treatment of PAH urgently need to be developed. PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the vasorelaxant activity of OTNA in isolated pulmonary arteries, and explore its molecular mechanism. METHODS Pulmonary arteries and thoracic aortas were isolated from mice, and vascular tone was tested with a Wire Myograph System. Nitric oxide levels were determined with DAF-FM DA and DAX-J2™ Red. Cellular thermal shift assays, microscale thermophoresis, and molecular docking were used to identify the interaction between OTNA and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The levels of PI3K, p-PI3K, Akt, p-Akt, eNOS, p-eNOS, and AhR were analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS OTNA selectively relaxed the isolated pulmonary artery rings in an endothelium-dependent manner. Mechanistic study showed that OTNA induced NO production through activation of the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway in endothelial cells. Furthermore, we also found that OTNA directly bound to AhR and activated the PI3K/Akt/eNOS pathway to dilate pulmonary arteries by inhibiting AhR. CONCLUSIONS OTNA relaxes pulmonary arteries by antagonizing AhR. This study provides a new natural antagonist of AhR as a promising lead compound for PAH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Long
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; School of Pharmacy, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637100, China
| | - Qing Wen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Maohua Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Songtao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yuning Lin
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xiaojun Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Minfeng Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie Ouyang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yunlin Ao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qi Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Haipeng Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wencai Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guohua Cheng
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xiaoqi Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Dongmei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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33
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Choi RH, Tatum SM, Symons JD, Summers SA, Holland WL. Ceramides and other sphingolipids as drivers of cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:701-711. [PMID: 33772258 PMCID: PMC8978615 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Increases in calorie consumption and sedentary lifestyles are fuelling a global pandemic of cardiometabolic diseases, including coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy and heart failure. These lifestyle factors, when combined with genetic predispositions, increase the levels of circulating lipids, which can accumulate in non-adipose tissues, including blood vessel walls and the heart. The metabolism of these lipids produces bioactive intermediates that disrupt cellular function and survival. A compelling body of evidence suggests that sphingolipids, such as ceramides, account for much of the tissue damage in these cardiometabolic diseases. In humans, serum ceramide levels are proving to be accurate biomarkers of adverse cardiovascular disease outcomes. In mice and rats, pharmacological inhibition or depletion of enzymes driving de novo ceramide synthesis prevents the development of diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. In cultured cells and isolated tissues, ceramides perturb mitochondrial function, block fuel usage, disrupt vasodilatation and promote apoptosis. In this Review, we discuss the body of literature suggesting that ceramides are drivers - and not merely passengers - on the road to cardiovascular disease. Moreover, we explore the feasibility of therapeutic strategies to lower ceramide levels to improve cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Hee Choi
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sean M Tatum
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - J David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Scott A Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - William L Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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34
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Mandic M, Joyce W, Perry SF. The evolutionary and physiological significance of the Hif pathway in teleost fishes. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:272213. [PMID: 34533194 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.231936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) pathway is a key regulator of cellular O2 homeostasis and an important orchestrator of the physiological responses to hypoxia (low O2) in vertebrates. Fish can be exposed to significant and frequent changes in environmental O2, and increases in Hif-α (the hypoxia-sensitive subunit of the transcription factor Hif) have been documented in a number of species as a result of a decrease in O2. Here, we discuss the impact of the Hif pathway on the hypoxic response and the contribution to hypoxia tolerance, particularly in fishes of the cyprinid lineage, which includes the zebrafish (Danio rerio). The cyprinids are of specific interest because, unlike in most other fishes, duplicated paralogs of the Hif-α isoforms arising from a teleost-specific genome duplication event have been retained. Positive selection has acted on the duplicated paralogs of the Hif-α isoforms in some cyprinid sub-families, pointing to adaptive evolutionary change in the paralogs. Thus, cyprinids are valuable models for exploring the evolutionary significance and physiological impact of the Hif pathway on the hypoxic response. Knockout in zebrafish of either paralog of Hif-1α greatly reduces hypoxia tolerance, indicating the importance of both paralogs to the hypoxic response. Here, with an emphasis on the cardiorespiratory system, we focus on the role of Hif-1α in the hypoxic ventilatory response and the regulation of cardiac function. We explore the effects of the duration of the hypoxic exposure (acute, sustained or intermittent) on the impact of Hif-1α on cardiorespiratory function and compare relevant data with those from mammalian systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milica Mandic
- Department of Animal Science, 2251 Meyer Hall, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - William Joyce
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5.,Department of Biology - Zoophysiology, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Steve F Perry
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5
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35
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Dynamic Regulation of Cysteine Oxidation and Phosphorylation in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092388. [PMID: 34572037 PMCID: PMC8469016 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury significantly alters heart function following infarct and increases the risk of heart failure. Many studies have sought to preserve irreplaceable myocardium, termed cardioprotection, but few, if any, treatments have yielded a substantial reduction in clinical I/R injury. More research is needed to fully understand the molecular pathways that govern cardioprotection. Redox mechanisms, specifically cysteine oxidations, are acute and key regulators of molecular signaling cascades mediated by kinases. Here, we review the role of reactive oxygen species in modifying cysteine residues and how these modifications affect kinase function to impact cardioprotection. This exciting area of research may provide novel insight into mechanisms and likely lead to new treatments for I/R injury.
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36
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Gete YG, Koblan LW, Mao X, Trappio M, Mahadik B, Fisher JP, Liu DR, Cao K. Mechanisms of angiogenic incompetence in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria via downregulation of endothelial NOS. Aging Cell 2021; 20:e13388. [PMID: 34086398 PMCID: PMC8282277 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hutchinson–Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare genetic disorder with features of accelerated aging. The majority of HGPS cases are caused by a de novo point mutation in the LMNA gene (c.1824C>T; p.G608G) resulting in progerin, a toxic lamin A protein variant. Children with HGPS typically die from coronary artery diseases or strokes at an average age of 14.6 years. Endothelial dysfunction is a known driver of cardiovascular pathogenesis; however, it is currently unknown how progerin antagonizes normal angiogenic function in HGPS. Here, we use human iPSC‐derived endothelial cell (iPSC‐EC) models to study angiogenesis in HGPS. We cultured normal and HGPS iPSC‐ECs under both static and fluidic culture conditions. HGPS iPSC‐ECs show reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and activity compared with normal controls and concomitant decreases in intracellular nitric oxide (NO) level, which result in deficits in capillary‐like microvascular network formation. Furthermore, the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP‐9) was reduced in HGPS iPSC‐ECs, while the expression of tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases 1 and 2 (TIMP1 and TIMP2) was upregulated relative to healthy controls. Finally, we used an adenine base editor (ABE7.10max‐VRQR) to correct the pathogenic c.1824C>T allele in HGPS iPSC‐ECs. Remarkably, ABE7.10max‐VRQR correction of the HGPS mutation significantly reduced progerin expression to a basal level, rescued nuclear blebbing, increased intracellular NO level, normalized the misregulated TIMPs, and restored angiogenic competence in HGPS iPSC‐ECs. Together, these results provide molecular insights of endothelial dysfunction in HGPS and suggest that ABE could be a promising therapeutic approach for correcting HGPS‐related cardiovascular phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantenew G. Gete
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics University of Maryland College Park MD USA
| | - Luke W. Koblan
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
| | - Xiaojing Mao
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics University of Maryland College Park MD USA
| | - Mason Trappio
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics University of Maryland College Park MD USA
| | - Bhushan Mahadik
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA
| | - John P. Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering University of Maryland College Park MD USA
| | - David R. Liu
- Merkin Institute of Transformative Technologies in Healthcare Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT Cambridge MA USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute Harvard University Cambridge MA USA
| | - Kan Cao
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics University of Maryland College Park MD USA
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Milewski K, Czarnecka AM, Albrecht J, Zielińska M. Decreased Expression and Uncoupling of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in the Cerebral Cortex of Rats with Thioacetamide-Induced Acute Liver Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6662. [PMID: 34206365 PMCID: PMC8268495 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is associated with deregulated nitric oxide (NO) signaling in the brain, which is one of the key molecular abnormalities leading to the neuropsychiatric disorder called hepatic encephalopathy (HE). This study focuses on the effect of ALF on the relatively unexplored endothelial NOS isoform (eNOS). The cerebral prefrontal cortices of rats with thioacetamide (TAA)-induced ALF showed decreased eNOS expression, which resulted in an overall reduction of NOS activity. ALF also decreased the content of the NOS cofactor, tetrahydro-L-biopterin (BH4), and evoked eNOS uncoupling (reduction of the eNOS dimer/monomer ratio). The addition of the NO precursor L-arginine in the absence of BH4 potentiated ROS accumulation, whereas nonspecific NOS inhibitor L-NAME or EDTA attenuated ROS increase. The ALF-induced decrease of eNOS content and its uncoupling concurred with, and was likely causally related to, both increased brain content of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and decreased cerebral cortical blood flow (CBF) in the same model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Magdalena Zielińska
- Department of Neurotoxicology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 5 Pawińskiego Str, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (K.M.); (A.M.C.); (J.A.)
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Hsuan CF, Lee TL, Tseng WK, Wu CC, Chang CC, Ko TL, Chen YL, Houng JY. Glossogyne tenuifolia Extract Increases Nitric Oxide Production in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060577. [PMID: 34204249 PMCID: PMC8235410 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The vascular nitric oxide (NO) system has a protective effect in atherosclerosis. NO is generated from the conversion of L-arginine to L-citrulline by the enzymatic action of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Compounds with the effect of enhancing eNOS expression are considered to be candidates for the prevention of atherosclerosis. In this study, extracts from the aerial, root, and whole plant of Glossogyne tenuifolia (GT) were obtained with ethanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EA), and methanol extraction, respectively. The effects of these GT extracts on the synthesis of NO and the expression of eNOS in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were investigated. NO production was determined as nitrite by colorimetry, following the Griess reaction. The treatment of HUVECs with EA extract from the root of GT and n-hexane, methanol, and ethanol extract from the aerial, root, and whole plant of GT increased NO production in a dose-dependent manner. When at a dose of 160 μg/mL, NO production increased from 0.9 to 18.4-fold. Among these extracts, the methanol extract from the root of GT (R/M GTE) exhibited the most potent effect on NO production (increased by 18.4-fold). Furthermore, using Western blot and RT-PCR analysis, treatment of HUVECs with the R/M GTE increased both eNOS protein and mRNA expression. In addition, Western blot analysis revealed that the R/M GTE increased eNOS phosphorylation at serine1177 as early as 15 min after treatment. The chemical composition for the main ingredients was also performed by HPLC analysis. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that GT extracts increased NO production in HUVECs and that the R/M GTE increased NO production via increasing eNOS expression and activation by phosphorylation of eNOS at serine1177.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Feng Hsuan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (T.-L.L.); (W.-K.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
| | - Thung-Lip Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (T.-L.L.); (W.-K.T.)
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (T.-L.K.)
| | - Wei-Kung Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-F.H.); (T.-L.L.); (W.-K.T.)
| | - Chau-Chung Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan;
| | - Chi-Chang Chang
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (T.-L.K.)
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Tsui-Ling Ko
- School of Medicine for International Students, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan; (C.-C.C.); (T.-L.K.)
| | - Ya-Ling Chen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, E-Da Hospital/E-Da Dachang Hospital, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan;
| | - Jer-Yiing Houng
- Department of Nutrition, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 82445, Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-6151100 (ext. 7915)
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Liu L, Wang X, Liu K, Kang J, Wang S, Song Y, Zhou K, Yi L, Liu X. Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase improved erectile dysfunction in rats with type 1 diabetes. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14138. [PMID: 34137064 DOI: 10.1111/and.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM), which is closely related to microvascular dysfunction, is a risk factor for erectile dysfunction (ED). Furthermore, the upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is associated with systemic vascular dysfunction in rats with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of iNOS in diabetes mellitus erectile dysfunction (DMED). First, we developed a type 1 DM rat model using streptozotocin and selected those that developed DMED. Then, we injected these rats with the 1400W, an iNOS inhibitor, for 10 weeks and subsequently assessed their ED. Lastly, we performed various molecular studies and histopathological analyses of penile tissues collected from these rats after the experiments. Through the histopathological studies, we also found that the treatment restored the ratios of the smooth muscle to collagen fibres, delayed the development of microvascular injury and alleviated the oxidative stress caused by hyperglycaemia. Based on these results, we confirmed that upregulation of iNOS leads to microvascular dysfunction in patients with ED. Overall, we found that inhibition of iNOS displayed beneficial effects in the treatment of ED, suggesting that its mechanism should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaqi Kang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shangren Wang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxuan Song
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Kechong Zhou
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Yi
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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40
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Liang XX, Wang RY, Guo YZ, Cheng Z, Lv DY, Luo MH, He A, Luo SX, Xia Y. Phosphorylation of Akt at Thr308 regulates p-eNOS Ser1177 during physiological conditions. FEBS Open Bio 2021; 11:1953-1964. [PMID: 33993653 PMCID: PMC8255840 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)‐derived nitric oxide (NO) plays a crucial role in maintaining vascular homeostasis. As a hallmark of eNOS activation, phosphorylation of eNOS at Ser1177 induced by activated protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) is pivotal for NO production. The complete activation of Akt requires its phosphorylation of both Thr308 and Ser473. However, which site plays the main role in regulating phosphorylation of eNOS Ser1177 is still controversial. The purpose of the present study is to explore the specific regulatory mechanism of phosphorylated Akt in eNOS activation. Inhibition of Akt Thr308 phosphorylation by a specific inhibitor or by siRNA in vitro led to a decrease in eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177 and to lower NO concentration in the cell culture medium of HUVECs. However, inhibiting p‐Akt Ser473 had no effect on eNOS phosphorylation at Ser1177. Next, we administered mice with inhibitors to downregulate p‐Akt Ser473 or Thr308 activity. Along with the inhibition of p‐Akt Thr308, vascular p‐eNOS Ser1177 protein was simultaneously downregulated in parallel with a decrease in plasma NO concentration. Additionally, we cultured HUVECs at various temperature conditions (37, 22, and 4 °C). The results showed that p‐Akt Ser473 was gradually decreased in line with the reduction in temperature, accompanied by increased levels of p‐Akt Thr308 and p‐eNOS Ser1177. Taken together, our study indicates that the phosphorylation of Akt at Thr308, but not at Ser473, plays a more significant role in regulating p‐eNOS Ser1177 levels under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Liang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Rui-Yu Wang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Yong-Zheng Guo
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Zhe Cheng
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Ding-Yi Lv
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Ming-Hao Luo
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - An He
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Su-Xin Luo
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, China.,Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, China
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41
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Jiang Q, Wang L, Si X, Tian JL, Zhang Y, Gui HL, Li B, Tan DH. Current progress on the mechanisms of hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular injury and use of natural polyphenol compounds. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 905:174168. [PMID: 33984300 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common diseases in the elderly population, and its incidence has rapidly increased with the prolongation of life expectancy. Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor for various cardiovascular diseases, including atherosclerosis, and damage to vascular function plays an initial role in its pathogenesis. This review presents the latest knowledge on the mechanisms of vascular injury caused by hyperhomocysteinemia, including oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein N-homocysteinization, and epigenetic modification, and discusses the therapeutic targets of natural polyphenols. Studies have shown that natural polyphenols in plants can reduce homocysteine levels and regulate DNA methylation by acting on oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related signaling pathways, thus improving hyperhomocysteinemia-induced vascular injury. Natural polyphenols obtained via daily diet are safer and have more practical significance in the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases than traditional drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jiang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Lihu Road 1800, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Xu Si
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Jin-Long Tian
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Ye Zhang
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Hai-Long Gui
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
| | - De-Hong Tan
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China.
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42
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Chronic nitrite treatment activates adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway in human aortic endothelial cells. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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43
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Thai T, Zhong F, Dang L, Chan E, Ku J, Malle E, Geczy CL, Keaney JF, Thomas SR. Endothelial-transcytosed myeloperoxidase activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase via a phospholipase C-dependent calcium signaling pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 166:255-264. [PMID: 33539947 PMCID: PMC10686581 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
During vascular inflammation, the leukocyte-derived enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) is transcytosed across the endothelium and into the sub-endothelial extracellular matrix, where it promotes endothelial dysfunction by catalytically consuming nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). In the presence of chloride ions and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), MPO forms the oxidant hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Here we examined the short-term implications of HOCl produced by endothelial-transcytosed MPO for eNOS activity. Incubation of MPO with cultured aortic endothelial cells (ECs) resulted in its transport into the sub-endothelium. Exposure of MPO-containing ECs to low micromolar concentrations of H2O2 yielded enhanced rates of H2O2 consumption that correlated with HOCl formation and increased eNOS enzyme activity. The MPO-dependent activation of eNOS occurred despite reduced cellular uptake of the eNOS substrate l-arginine, which involved a decrease in the maximal activity (Vmax), but not substrate affinity (Km), of the major endothelial l-arginine transporter, cationic amino acid transporter-1. Activation of eNOS in MPO-containing ECs exposed to H2O2 involved a rapid elevation in cytosolic calcium and increased eNOS phosphorylation at Ser-1179 and de-phosphorylation at Thr-497. These signaling events were attenuated by intracellular calcium chelation, removal of extracellular calcium and inhibition of phospholipase C. This study shows that stimulation of endothelial-transcytosed MPO activates eNOS by promoting phospholipase C-dependent calcium signaling and altered eNOS phosphorylation at Ser-1179 and Thr-497. This may constitute a compensatory signaling response of ECs aimed at maintaining eNOS activity and NO production in the face of MPO-catalyzed oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuan Thai
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia; School of Education, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fei Zhong
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lei Dang
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Enoch Chan
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Ku
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ernst Malle
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Division of Molecular Biology & Biochemistry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Carolyn L Geczy
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John F Keaney
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shane R Thomas
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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44
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van Nispen J, Voigt M, Song E, Armstrong A, Fedorova M, Murali V, Krebs J, Samaddar A, Manithody C, Jain A. Parenteral Nutrition and Cardiotoxicity. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2021; 21:265-271. [PMID: 33554318 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-021-09638-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Parenteral nutrition (PN) is a life-saving nutritional therapy for those situations when patients are unable to receive enteral nutrition. However, despite a multitude of benefits offered by PN, it is associated with a variety of side effects, most notably parenteral nutrition-associated liver disease (PNALD). Adverse effects of PN on other organ systems, such as brain and cardiovascular system, have been poorly studied. There have been several case reports, studies, and a recent animal study highlighting cardiotoxic effects of PN; however, much remains unclear about the underlying mechanisms causing cardiac damage. In this review, we propose a series of potential mechanisms behind PN-associated heart injury, and we provide an overview of therapeutic strategies and recent scientific advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan van Nispen
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
- Department of Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA.
| | - Marcus Voigt
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
- Department of Surgery, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Eric Song
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Austin Armstrong
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Margarita Fedorova
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Vidul Murali
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Joseph Krebs
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | - Ashish Samaddar
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
| | | | - Ajay Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, 63103, USA
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45
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Lv D, Luo M, Yan J, Yang X, Luo S. Protective Effect of Sirtuin 3 on CLP-Induced Endothelial Dysfunction of Early Sepsis by Inhibiting NF-κB and NLRP3 Signaling Pathways. Inflammation 2021; 44:1782-1792. [PMID: 33770326 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01454-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
It has been revealed that widespread vascular endothelial dysfunction occurs in septic shock, ultimately resulting in multiple organ failure. The mitochondrial deacetylase sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is essential in the regulation of metabolism, anti-inflammation, and anti-oxidation. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether SIRT3 is associated with the pathological progression of endothelial dysfunction in sepsis. Septic shock model was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) surgery on wild-type C57BL/6 mice. We activated and inhibited the function of SIRT3 with honokiol (HKL) and 3-TYP, respectively, and then biochemical, inflammatory, and endothelial function parameters of vascular tissue and survival were determined after CLP. CLP significantly activated NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways and decreased survival rate, endothelium-dependent relaxation function, and expression of Ser1177 phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS). The activation of SIRT3 significantly attenuated the increases of NF-κB and NLRP3 pathways and the declines of p-eNOS, endothelium-dependent relaxation function, and survival rate in septic mice. However, it presented exactly opposite results if SIRT3 was suppressed. We suggested that SIRT3 had a critical protective effect against vascular inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in early sepsis. Our data support a potential therapeutic target in vascular dysfunction and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingyi Lv
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jianghong Yan
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiyang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Suxin Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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46
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Brewster LM, Bain AR, Garcia VP, Fandl HK, Stone R, DeSouza NM, Greiner JJ, Tymko MM, Vizcardo-Galindo GA, Figueroa-Mujica RJ, Villafuerte FC, Ainslie PN, DeSouza CA. Global REACH 2018: dysfunctional extracellular microvesicles in Andean highlander males with excessive erythrocytosis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1851-H1861. [PMID: 33710927 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00016.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
High altitude-related excessive erythrocytosis (EE) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The experimental aim of this study was to determine the effects of microvesicles isolated from Andean highlanders with EE on endothelial cell inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and nitric oxide (NO) production. Twenty-six male residents of Cerro de Pasco, Peru (4,340 m), were studied: 12 highlanders without EE (age: 40 ± 4 yr; BMI: 26.4 ± 1.7; Hb: 17.4 ± 0.5 g/dL, Spo2: 86.9 ± 1.0%) and 14 highlanders with EE (43 ± 4 yr; 26.2 ± 0.9; 24.4 ± 0.4 g/dL; 79.7 ± 1.6%). Microvesicles were isolated, enumerated, and collected from plasma by flow cytometry. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured and treated with microvesicles from highlanders without and with EE. Microvesicles from highlanders with EE induced significantly higher release of interleukin (IL)-6 (89.8 ± 2.7 vs. 77.1 ± 1.9 pg/mL) and IL-8 (62.0 ± 2.7 vs. 53.3 ± 2.2 pg/mL) compared with microvesicles from healthy highlanders. Although intracellular expression of total NF-κB p65 (65.3 ± 6.0 vs. 74.9 ± 7.8.9 AU) was not significantly affected in cells treated with microvesicles from highlanders without versus with EE, microvesicles from highlanders with EE resulted in an ∼25% higher (P < 0.05) expression of p-NF-κB p65 (173.6 ± 14.3 vs. 132.8 ± 12.2 AU). Cell reactive oxygen species production was significantly higher (76.4.7 ± 5.4 vs. 56.7 ± 1.7% of control) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (p-eNOS) activation (231.3 ± 15.5 vs. 286.6 ± 23.0 AU) and NO production (8.3 ± 0.6 vs. 10.7 ± 0.7 μM/L) were significantly lower in cells treated with microvesicles from highlanders with versus without EE. Cell apoptotic susceptibility was not significantly affected by EE-related microvesicles. Circulating microvesicles from Andean highlanders with EE increased endothelial cell inflammation and oxidative stress and reduced NO production.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In this study, we determined the effects of microvesicles isolated from Andean highlanders with excessive erythrocytosis (EE) on endothelial cell inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and NO production. Microvesicles from highlanders with EE induced a dysfunctional response from endothelial cells characterized by increased cytokine release and expression of active nuclear factor-κB and reduced nitric oxide production. Andean highlanders with EE exhibit dysfunctional circulating extracellular microvesicles that induce a proinflammatory, proatherogenic endothelial phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Madden Brewster
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Anthony R Bain
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vinicius P Garcia
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Hannah K Fandl
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | - Rachel Stone
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Noah M DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.,Faculty of Health and Social Development, Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jared J Greiner
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
| | | | | | | | | | - Philip N Ainslie
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Christopher A DeSouza
- Integrative Vascular Biology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado
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47
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Chen R, Chen T, Wang T, Dai X, Zhang S, Jiang D, Meng K, Wang Y, Geng T, Xu J, Zhou K, Wang Y. Tongmai Yangxin pill reduces myocardial No-reflow via endothelium-dependent NO-cGMP signaling by activation of the cAMP/PKA pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 267:113462. [PMID: 33058924 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The Tongmai Yangxin pill (TMYX) is derived from the Zhigancao decoction recorded in Shang han lun by Zhang Zhongjing during the Han dynasty. TMYX is used for the clinical treatment of chest pain, heartache, and qi-yin-deficiency coronary heart disease. Previous studies have confirmed that TMYX can improve vascular endothelial function in patients with coronary heart disease by upregulating nitric oxide activity and then regulating vascular tension. Whether TMYX can further improve myocardial NR by upregulating NO activity and then dilating blood vessels remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to reveal whether TMYX can further improve myocardial NR by upregulating NO activity and then dilating blood vessels. The underlying cAMP/PKA and NO-cGMP signaling pathway-dependent mechanism is also explored. MATERIALS AND METHODS The left anterior descending coronary arteries of healthy adult male SD rats were ligated to establish the NR model. TMYX (4.0 g/kg) was orally administered throughout the experiment. Cardiac function was measured through echocardiography. Thioflavin S, Evans Blue, and TTC staining were used to evaluate the NR and ischemic areas. Pathological changes in the myocardium were assessed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. An automated biochemical analyzer and kit were used to detect the activities of myocardial enzymes and myocardial oxidants, including CK, CK-MB, LDH, reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase, malonaldehyde, and NO. The expression levels of genes and proteins related to the cAMP/PKA and NO/cGMP signaling pathways were detected via real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. A microvascular tension sensor was used to detect coronary artery diastolic function in vitro. RESULTS TMYX elevated the EF, FS, LVOT peak, LVPWd and LVPWs values, decreased the LVIDd, LVIDs, LV-mass, IVSd, and LV Vols values, demonstrating cardio-protective effects, and reduced the NR and ischemic areas. Pathological staining showed that TMYX could significantly reduce inflammatory cell number and interstitial edema. The activities of CK, LDH, and MDA were reduced, NO activity was increased, and oxidative stress was suppressed after treatment with TMYX. TMYX not only enhanced the expression of Gs-α, AC, PKA, and eNOS but also increased the expression of sGC and PKG. Furthermore, TMYX treatment significantly decreased ROCK expression. We further showed that TMYX (25-200 mg/mL) relaxed isolated coronary microvessels. CONCLUSIONS TMYX attenuates myocardial NR after ischemia and reperfusion by activating the cAMP/PKA and NO/cGMP signaling pathways, further upregulating NO activity and relaxing coronary microvessels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tianqi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Xiangdong Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Shuying Zhang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Di Jiang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Ke Meng
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Tong Geng
- Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Research Institute Branch, Tianjin, 300457, China.
| | - Jinpeng Xu
- Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Drug Marketing Co., Ltd, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Kun Zhou
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 300193, China.
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Lillo MA, Gaete PS, Puebla M, Burboa PC, Poblete I, Figueroa XF. Novel Pannexin-1-Coupled Signaling Cascade Involved in the Control of Endothelial Cell Function and NO-Dependent Relaxation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:2678134. [PMID: 33688389 PMCID: PMC7914086 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2678134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Deletion of pannexin-1 (Panx-1) leads not only to a reduction in endothelium-derived hyperpolarization but also to an increase in NO-mediated vasodilation. Therefore, we evaluated the participation of Panx-1-formed channels in the control of membrane potential and [Ca2+]i of endothelial cells. Changes in NO-mediated vasodilation, membrane potential, superoxide anion (O2 ·-) formation, and endothelial cell [Ca2+]i were analyzed in rat isolated mesenteric arterial beds and primary cultures of mesenteric endothelial cells. Inhibition of Panx-1 channels with probenecid (1 mM) or the Panx-1 blocking peptide 10Panx (60 μM) evoked an increase in the ACh (100 nM)-induced vasodilation of KCl-contracted mesenteries and in the phosphorylation level of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) at serine 1177 (P-eNOSS1177) and Akt at serine 473 (P-AktS473). In addition, probenecid or 10Panx application activated a rapid, tetrodotoxin (TTX, 300 nM)-sensitive, membrane potential depolarization and [Ca2+]i increase in endothelial cells. Interestingly, the endothelial cell depolarization was converted into a transient spike after removing Ca2+ ions from the buffer solution and in the presence of 100 μM mibefradil or 10 μM Ni2+. As expected, Ni2+ also abolished the increment in [Ca2+]i. Expression of Nav1.2, Nav1.6, and Cav3.2 isoforms of voltage-dependent Na+ and Ca2+ channels was confirmed by immunocytochemistry. Furthermore, the Panx-1 channel blockade was associated with an increase in O2 ·- production. Treatment with 10 μM TEMPOL or 100 μM apocynin prevented the increase in O2 ·- formation, ACh-induced vasodilation, P-eNOSS1177, and P-AktS473 observed in response to Panx-1 inhibition. These findings indicate that the Panx-1 channel blockade triggers a novel complex signaling pathway initiated by the sequential activation of TTX-sensitive Nav channels and Cav3.2 channels, leading to an increase in NO-mediated vasodilation through a NADPH oxidase-dependent P-eNOSS1177, which suggests that Panx-1 may be involved in the endothelium-dependent control of arterial blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio A. Lillo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile
| | - Pablo S. Gaete
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile
| | - Mariela Puebla
- Centro de Fisiología Celular e Integrativa, Facultad de Medicina-Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pía C. Burboa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile
| | - Inés Poblete
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile
| | - Xavier F. Figueroa
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330025, Chile
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Empagliflozin, alone or in combination with liraglutide, limits cell death in vitro: role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide. Pharmacol Rep 2021; 73:858-867. [PMID: 33555600 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-021-00224-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium-dependent glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist liraglutide are characterized as having cardiovascular benefits in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms nor the potential interactions between cardiovascular benefits of these two drugs when combined. We sought to investigate: (1) whether combination of empagliflozin and liraglutide has additive effect against diabetes-induced cytotoxicity, and (2) potential mechanisms involved in cardioprotective effect of empagliflozin and liraglutide in diabetes. METHODS Capacity of empagliflozin and liraglutide alone and in combination to reduce cardiac injury in diabetes was evaluated. HL-1 cells, a cardiac muscle cell line, were exposed to hyperglycemia/hyperinsulinemia and treated with/without empagliflozin, liraglutide or empagliflozin + liraglutide for 24 h. At the end of treatments, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, nitric oxide (NO) production, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and phospho-eNOS (Thr495) expression were determined. RESULTS We found that empagliflozin treatment alone and combined treatment decreased in vitro HL-1 cell death caused by hyperglycemia. Liraglutide treatment alone improved NOS activity followed by increased NO production, while empagliflozin had little effect. Furthermore, the effects of empagliflozin + liraglutide to decrease diabetes-induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress were synergistic. CONCLUSION While empagliflozin alone attenuated diabetes-induced cytotoxicity, combined treatment of liraglutide can synergistically ameliorates cell death and oxidative stress. This effect is potentially due to improved NOS activity and increased NO production induced by liraglutide.
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Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular and metabolic disease coupled with kidney dysfunction is increasing worldwide. This triad of disorders is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality as well as a substantial economic burden. Further understanding of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms is important to develop novel preventive or therapeutic approaches. Among the proposed mechanisms, compromised nitric oxide (NO) bioactivity associated with oxidative stress is considered to be important. NO is a short-lived diatomic signalling molecule that exerts numerous effects on the kidneys, heart and vasculature as well as on peripheral metabolically active organs. The enzymatic L-arginine-dependent NO synthase (NOS) pathway is classically viewed as the main source of endogenous NO formation. However, the function of the NOS system is often compromised in various pathologies including kidney, cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. An alternative pathway, the nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway, enables endogenous or dietary-derived inorganic nitrate and nitrite to be recycled via serial reduction to form bioactive nitrogen species, including NO, independent of the NOS system. Signalling via these nitrogen species is linked with cGMP-dependent and independent mechanisms. Novel approaches to restoring NO homeostasis during NOS deficiency and oxidative stress have potential therapeutic applications in kidney, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
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