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Yu T, Gao Q, Zhang G, Li T, Liu X, Li C, Zheng L, Sun X, Wu J, Cao H, Bi F, Wang R, Liang H, Li X, Zhou Y, Lv L, Shan H. lncRNA Gm20257 alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by modulating the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complex IV axis. Front Med 2024:10.1007/s11684-024-1065-7. [PMID: 38926249 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy, a major contributor to heart failure, is closely linked to mitochondrial function. The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which regulate mitochondrial function, remain largely unexplored in this context. Herein, a previously unknown lncRNA, Gm20257, was identified. It markedly increased under hypertrophic stress in vivo and in vitro. The suppression of Gm20257 by using small interfering RNAs significantly induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Conversely, the overexpression of Gm20257 through plasmid transfection or adeno-associated viral vector-9 mitigated angiotensin II-induced hypertrophic phenotypes in neonatal mouse ventricular cells or alleviated cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse TAC model respectively, thus restoring cardiac function. Importantly, Gm20257 restored mitochondrial complex IV level and enhanced mitochondrial function. Bioinformatics prediction showed that Gm20257 had a high binding score with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1α), which could increase mitochondrial complex IV. Subsequently, Western blot analysis results revealed that Gm20257 substantially affected the expression of PGC-1α. Further analyses through RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting following RNA pull-down indicated that PGC-1α was a direct downstream target of Gm20257. This interaction was demonstrated to rescue the reduction of mitochondrial complex IV induced by hypertrophic stress and promote the generation of mitochondrial ATP. These findings suggest that Gm20257 improves mitochondrial function through the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complex IV axis, offering a novel approach for attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Yu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guofang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Tianyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiaoshan Liu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lan Zheng
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xiang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Huiying Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Fangfang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Haihai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Xuelian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Frigid Zone Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lifang Lv
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
- The Center of Functional Experiment Teaching, School of Basic Medicine, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Hongli Shan
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, Institute for Frontier Medical Technology, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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Huang C, Liu Z, Chen M, Zhang H, Mo R, Chen R, Liu Y, Wang S, Xue Q. Up-regulation of BRD4 contributes to gestational diabetes mellitus-induced cardiac hypertrophy in offspring by promoting mitochondria dysfunction in sex-independent manner. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116387. [PMID: 38944397 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with cardiovascular disease in postnatal life. The current study tested the hypothesis that GDM caused the cardiac hypertrophy in fetal (ED18.5), postnatal day 7 (PD7), postnatal day 21 (PD21) and postnatal day 90 (PD90) offspring by upregulation of BRD4 and mitochondrial dysfunction. Pregnant mice were divided into control and GDM groups. Hearts were isolated from ED18.5, PD7, PD21 and PD90. GDM increased the body weight (BW) and heart weight (HW) in ED18.5 and PD7, but not PD21 and PD90 offspring. However, HW/BW ratio was increased in all ages of GDM offspring compared to control group. Electron microscopy showed disorganized myofibrils, mitochondrial swelling, vacuolization, and cristae disorder in GDM offspring. GDM resulted in myocardial hypertrophy in offspring, which persisted from fetus to adult in a sex-independent manner. Echocardiography analysis revealed that GDM caused diastolic dysfunction, but had no effect on systolic function. Meanwhile, myocardial BRD4 was significantly upregulated in GDM offspring and BRD4 inhibition by JQ1 alleviated GDM-induced myocardial hypertrophy in offspring. Co-immunoprecipitation showed that BRD4 interacted with DRP1 and there was an increase of BRD4 and DRP1 interaction in GDM offspring. Furthermore, GDM caused the accumulation of damaged mitochondria in hearts from all ages of offspring, including mitochondrial fusion fission imbalance (upregulation of DRP1, and downregulation of MFN1, MFN2 and OPA1) and myocardial mitochondrial ROS accumulation, which was reversed by JQ1. These results suggested that the upregulation of BRD4 is involved in GDM-induced myocardial hypertrophy in the offspring through promoting mitochondrial damage in a gender-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailing Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Zimo Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Haichuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Ruyao Mo
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Renshan Chen
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yinghua Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Shixiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qin Xue
- Department of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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Chen Q, Wang J, Sun L, Ba B, Shen D. Mechanism of Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi, HQ) for treatment of heart failure based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18331. [PMID: 38780500 PMCID: PMC11114218 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure is a leading cause of death in the elderly. Traditional Chinese medicine, a verified alternative therapeutic regimen, has been used to treat heart failure, which is less expensive and has fewer adverse effects. In this study, a total of 15 active ingredients of Astragalus membranaceus (Huangqi, HQ) were obtained; among them, Isorhamnetin, Quercetin, Calycosin, Formononetin, and Kaempferol were found to be linked to heart failure. Ang II significantly enlarged the cell size of cardiomyocytes, which could be partially reduced by Quercetin, Isorhamnetin, Calycosin, Kaempferol, or Formononetin. Ang II significantly up-regulated ANP, BNP, β-MHC, and CTGF expressions, whereas Quercetin, Isorhamnetin, Calycosin, Kaempferol or Formononetin treatment partially downregulated ANP, BNP, β-MHC and CTGF expressions. Five active ingredients of HQ attenuated inflammation in Ang II-induced cardiomyocytes by inhibiting the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18 and IL-6. Molecular docking shows Isorhamnetin, Quercetin, Calycosin, Formononetin and Kaempferol can bind with its target protein ESR1 in a good bond by intermolecular force. Quercetin, Calycosin, Kaempferol or Formononetin treatment promoted the expression levels of ESR1 and phosphorylated ESR1 in Ang II-stimulated cardiomyocytes; however, Isorhamnetin treatment had no effect on ESR1 and phosphorylated ESR1 expression levels. In conclusion, our results comprehensively illustrated the bioactives, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of HQ against heart failure. Isorhamnetin, Quercetin, Calycosin, Formononetin and Kaempferol might be the primary active ingredients of HQ, dominating its cardioprotective effects against heart failure through regulating ESR1 expression, which provided a basis for the clinical application of HQ to regulate cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuxiang Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityHubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
- Department of NeurologyRenmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of CardiologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang medical UniversityUrumchiChina
| | - Lihua Sun
- Department of CardiologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang medical UniversityUrumchiChina
| | - Bayinsilema Ba
- Department of CardiologyThe Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang medical UniversityUrumchiChina
| | - Difei Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Cardiovascular Research Institute of Wuhan UniversityHubei Key Laboratory of CardiologyWuhanChina
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Wu H, Zhai Y, Yu J, Wei L, Qi X. Transcriptome and proteome analyses reveal that upregulation of GSTM2 by allisartan improves cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in hypertensive rats. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:220. [PMID: 38590561 PMCID: PMC11000455 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term hypertension can lead to hypertensive heart disease, which ultimately progresses to heart failure. As an angiotensin receptor blocker antihypertensive drug, allisartan can control blood pressure, and improve cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction caused by hypertension. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects of allisartan on the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) and the underlying mechanisms. SHRs were used as an animal model of hypertensive heart disease and were treated with allisartan orally at a dose of 25 mg/kg/day. The blood pressure levels of the rats were continuously monitored, their body and heart weights were measured, and their cardiac structure and function were evaluated using echocardiography. Wheat germ agglutinin staining and Masson trichrome staining were employed to assess the morphology of the myocardial tissue. In addition, transcriptome and proteome analyses were performed using the Solexa/Illumina sequencing platform and tandem mass tag technology, respectively. Immunofluorescence co-localization was conducted to analyze Nrf2 nuclear translocation, and TUNEL was performed to detect the levels of cell apoptosis. The protein expression levels of pro-collagen I, collagen III, phosphorylated (p)-AKT, AKT, p-PI3K and PI3K, and the mRNA expression levels of Col1a1 and Col3a1 were determined by western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. Allisartan lowered blood pressure, attenuated cardiac remodeling and improved cardiac function in SHRs. In addition, allisartan alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis. Allisartan also significantly affected the 'pentose phosphate pathway', 'fatty acid elongation', 'valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation', 'glutathione metabolism', and 'amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism' pathways in the hearts of SHRs, and upregulated the expression levels of GSTM2. Furthermore, allisartan activated the PI3K-AKT-Nrf2 signaling pathway and inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that allisartan can effectively control blood pressure in SHRs, and improves cardiac remodeling and cardiac dysfunction. Allisartan may also upregulate the expression levels of GSTM2 in the hearts of SHRs and significantly affect glutathione metabolism, as determined by transcriptome and proteome analyses. The cardioprotective effect of allisartan may be mediated through activation of the PI3K-AKT-Nrf2 signaling pathway, upregulation of GSTM2 expression and reduction of cardiomyocyte apoptosis in SHRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Zhai
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Liping Wei
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, P.R. China
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Chen B, Guo J, Ye H, Wang X, Feng Y. Role and molecular mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors in pathological cardiac remodeling (Review). Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:73. [PMID: 38488029 PMCID: PMC10955520 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are caused by pathological cardiac remodeling, which involves fibrosis, inflammation and cell dysfunction. This includes autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in energy metabolism, angiogenesis and dysregulation of signaling pathways. These changes in heart structure and/or function ultimately result in heart failure. In an effort to prevent this, multiple cardiovascular outcome trials have demonstrated the cardiac benefits of sodium‑glucose cotransporter type 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is), hypoglycemic drugs initially designed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. SGLT2is include empagliflozin and dapagliflozin, which are listed as guideline drugs in the 2021 European Guidelines for Heart Failure and the 2022 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Heart Failure Society of America Guidelines for Heart Failure Management. In recent years, multiple studies using animal models have explored the mechanisms by which SGLT2is prevent cardiac remodeling. This article reviews the role of SGLT2is in cardiac remodeling induced by different etiologies to provide a guideline for further evaluation of the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of pathological cardiac remodeling by SGLT2is, as well as the development of novel drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bixian Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
- Faculty of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yufei Feng
- Clinical Trial Institution, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, P.R. China
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Ichegiri A, Kodolikar K, Bagade V, Selukar M, Dey T. Mitochondria: A source of potential biomarkers for non-communicable diseases. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 121:334-365. [PMID: 38797544 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as an endosymbiont of eukaryotic cells, controls multiple cellular activities, including respiration, reactive oxygen species production, fatty acid synthesis, and death. Though the majority of functional mitochondrial proteins are translated through a nucleus-controlled process, very few of them (∼10%) are translated within mitochondria through their own machinery. Germline and somatic mutations in mitochondrial and nuclear DNA significantly impact mitochondrial homeostasis and function. Such modifications disturbing mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, or mitophagy eventually resulted in cellular pathophysiology. In this chapter, we discussed the impact of mitochondria and its dysfunction on several non-communicable diseases like cancer, diabetes, neurodegenerative, and cardiovascular problems. Mitochondrial dysfunction and its outcome could be screened by currently available omics-based techniques, flow cytometry, and high-resolution imaging. Such characterization could be evaluated as potential biomarkers to assess the disease burden and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Ichegiri
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Kshitij Kodolikar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Vaibhavi Bagade
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Mrunal Selukar
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - Tuli Dey
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India.
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Neufeldt D, Schmidt A, Mohr E, Lu D, Chatterjee S, Fuchs M, Xiao K, Pan W, Cushman S, Jahn C, Juchem M, Hunkler HJ, Cipriano G, Jürgens B, Schmidt K, Groß S, Jung M, Hoepfner J, Weber N, Foo R, Pich A, Zweigerdt R, Kraft T, Thum T, Bär C. Circular RNA circZFPM2 regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and survival. Basic Res Cardiol 2024:10.1007/s00395-024-01048-y. [PMID: 38639887 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-024-01048-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) constitutes the most common genetic cardiac disorder. However, current pharmacotherapeutics are mainly symptomatic and only partially address underlying molecular mechanisms. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a recently discovered class of non-coding RNAs and emerged as specific and powerful regulators of cellular functions. By performing global circRNA-specific next generation sequencing in cardiac tissue of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy compared to healthy donors, we identified circZFPM2 (hsa_circ_0003380). CircZFPM2, which derives from the ZFPM2 gene locus, is a highly conserved regulatory circRNA that is strongly induced in HCM tissue. In vitro loss-of-function experiments were performed in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), and HCM-patient-derived hiPSC-CMs. A knockdown of circZFPM2 was found to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and compromise mitochondrial respiration, leading to an increased production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. In contrast, delivery of recombinant circZFPM2, packaged in lipid-nanoparticles or using AAV-based overexpression, rescued cardiomyocyte hypertrophic gene expression and promoted cell survival. Additionally, HCM-derived cardiac organoids exhibited improved contractility upon CM-specific overexpression of circZFPM2. Multi-Omics analysis further promoted our hypothesis, showing beneficial effects of circZFPM2 on cardiac contractility and mitochondrial function. Collectively, our data highlight that circZFPM2 serves as a promising target for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy including HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimyana Neufeldt
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Arne Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Elisa Mohr
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dongchao Lu
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Shambhabi Chatterjee
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Maximilian Fuchs
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Ke Xiao
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Wen Pan
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sarah Cushman
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christopher Jahn
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Malte Juchem
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Hannah Jill Hunkler
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Giuseppe Cipriano
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bjarne Jürgens
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Kevin Schmidt
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Sonja Groß
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Mira Jung
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jeannine Hoepfner
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Natalie Weber
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Roger Foo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*Star, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Andreas Pich
- Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Core Facility Proteomics, Institute of Toxicology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Zweigerdt
- Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Leibniz Research Laboratories for Biotechnology and Artificial Organs (LEBAO), Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Theresia Kraft
- Institute for Molecular and Cell Physiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Christian Bär
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine (ITEM), Hannover, Germany.
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Yan CY, Ye Y, Mu HL, Wu T, Huang WS, Wu YP, Sun WY, Liang L, Duan WJ, Ouyang SH, Huang RT, Wang R, Sun XX, Kurihara H, Li YF, He RR. Prenatal hormone stress triggers embryonic cardiac hypertrophy outcome by ubiquitin-dependent degradation of mitochondrial mitofusin 2. iScience 2024; 27:108690. [PMID: 38235340 PMCID: PMC10792244 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Prenatal stress has been extensively documented as a contributing factor to adverse cardiac development and function in fetuses and infants. The release of glucocorticoids (GCs), identified as a significant stressor, may be a potential factor inducing cardiac hypertrophy. However, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. Herein, we discovered that corticosterone (CORT) overload induced cardiac hypertrophy in embryonic chicks and fetal mice in vivo, as well as enlarged cardiomyocytes in vitro. The impaired mitochondria dynamics were observed in CORT-exposed cardiomyocytes, accompanied by dysfunction in oxidative phosphorylation and ATP production. This phenomenon was found to be linked to decreased mitochondrial fusion protein mitofusin 2 (MFN2). Subsequently, we found that CORT facilitated the ubiquitin-proteasome-system-dependent degradation of MFN2 with an enhanced binding of appoptosin to MFN2, serving as the underlying cause. Collectively, our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which exposure to stress hormones induces cardiac hypertrophy in fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yu Yan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yue Ye
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Han-Lu Mu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Shan Huang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yan-Ping Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wan-Yang Sun
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Lei Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wen-Jun Duan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shu-Hua Ouyang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rui-Ting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xin-Xin Sun
- Jiujiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, International Cooperative Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Modernization and Innovative Drug Development of Chinese Ministry of Education (MOE), Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China
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9
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Lin H, Wang W, Peng M, Kong Y, Zhang X, Wei X, Shang H. Pharmacological properties of Polygonatum and its active ingredients for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Chin Med 2024; 19:1. [PMID: 38163901 PMCID: PMC10759625 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00871-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite continued advances in prevention and treatment strategies, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of death worldwide, and more effective therapeutic methods are urgently needed. Polygonatum is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine with a variety of pharmacological applications and biological activities, such as antioxidant activity, anti-inflammation, antibacterial effect, immune-enhancing effect, glucose regulation, lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic effects, treatment of diabetes and anticancer effect. There has also been more and more evidence to support the cardioprotective effect of Polygonatum in recent years. However, up to now, there has been a lack of comprehensive studies on the active ingredients and their pharmacotoxicological effects related to cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the main active components of Polygonatum (including Polysaccharides, Flavonoids, Saponins) and their biological activities were firstly reviewed in this paper. Furthermore, we summarized the pharmacological effects of Polygonatum's active components in preventing and treating CVDs, and its relevant toxicological investigations. Finally, we emphasize the potential of Polygonatum in the prevention and treatment of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Lin
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Mengqi Peng
- Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261000, China
| | - Yifan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China
| | - Xiaohong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Hongcai Shang
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, China.
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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10
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Jiang M, Song Y, Chen X, Lu W, Zhu M, Wei M, Lan F, Cui M, Bai Y. COX6A2 deficiency leads to cardiac remodeling in human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:357. [PMID: 38072986 PMCID: PMC10712066 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac remodeling is the initiating factor for the development of heart failure, which can result from various cardiomyopathies. Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2 (COX6A2) is one of the components of cytochrome c oxidase that drives oxidative phosphorylation. The pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling caused by COX6A2 deficiency in humans remains unclear because there are no suitable research models. In this study, we established a COX6A2-deficient human cardiac myocyte (CM) model that mimics the human COX6A2 homozygous mutation and determined the effects of COX6A2 dysfunction and its underlying mechanism. METHODS A human COX6A2 homozygous knockout cardiomyocyte model was established by combining CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology and hiPSC-directed differentiation technology. Cell model phenotypic assays were done to characterize the pathological features of the resulting COX6A2-deficient cardiomyocytes. RESULTS COX6A2 gene knockout did not affect the pluripotency and differentiation efficiency of hiPSCs. Myocardial cells with a COX6A2 gene knockout showed abnormal energy metabolism, increased oxidative stress levels, abnormal calcium transport activity, and decreased contractility. In addition, L-carnitine and trimetazidine significantly improved energy metabolism in the COX6A2-deficient human myocardial model. CONCLUSIONS We have established a COX6A2-deficient human cardiomyocyte model that exhibits abnormal energy metabolism, elevated oxidative stress levels, abnormal calcium transport, and reduced contractility. This model represents an important tool to gain insight into the mechanism of action of energy metabolism disorders resulting in myocardial remodeling, elucidate the gene-phenotype relationship of COX6A2 deficiency, and facilitate drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Jiang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yuanxiu Song
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Min Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Mingyu Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng Lan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ming Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University Third Hospital, 49 Huayuan North Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yun Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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11
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Tagashira H, Abe F, Sato-Numata K, Aizawa K, Hirasawa K, Kure Y, Iwata D, Numata T. Cardioprotective effects of Moku-boi-to and its impact on AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1264076. [PMID: 38020917 PMCID: PMC10661958 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1264076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, induced by elevated levels of angiotensin II (AngII), plays a crucial role in cardiovascular diseases. Current therapeutic approaches aim to regress cardiac hypertrophy but have limited efficacy. Widely used Japanese Kampo medicines are highly safe and potential therapeutic agents. This study aims to explore the impact and mechanisms by which Moku-boi-to (MBT), a Japanese Kampo medicine, exerts its potential cardioprotective benefits against AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, bridging the knowledge gap and contributing to the development of novel therapeutic strategies. By evaluating the effects of six Japanese Kampo medicines with known cardiovascular efficiency on AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cell death, we identified MBT as a promising candidate. MBT exhibited preventive effects against AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cell death and demonstrated improvements in intracellular Ca2+ signaling regulation, ROS production, and mitochondrial function. Unexpectedly, experiments combining MBT with the AT1 receptor antagonist losartan suggested that MBT may target the AT1 receptor. In an isoproterenol-induced heart failure mouse model, MBT treatment demonstrated significant effects on cardiac function and hypertrophy. These findings highlight the cardioprotective potential of MBT through AT1 receptor-mediated mechanisms, offering valuable insights into its efficacy in alleviating AngII-induced dysfunction in cardiomyocytes. The study suggests that MBT holds promise as a safe and effective prophylactic agent for cardiac hypertrophy, providing a deeper understanding of its mechanisms for cardioprotection against AngII-induced dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Tagashira
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Fumiha Abe
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Kaori Sato-Numata
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Karen Aizawa
- School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Kei Hirasawa
- School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | | | - Daiki Iwata
- School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Numata
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Akita University, Akita, Japan
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12
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Wang T, Hou B, Qin H, Liang J, Shi M, Song Y, Ma K, Chen M, Li H, Ding G, Yao B, Wang Z, Wei C, Jia Z. Qili Qiangxin (QLQX) capsule as a multi-functional traditional Chinese medicine in treating chronic heart failure (CHF): A review of ingredients, molecular, cellular, and pharmacological mechanisms. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21950. [PMID: 38034785 PMCID: PMC10682643 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a key part of cardiovascular continuum. Under the guidance of the theory of vessel-collateral doctrine, the present study proposes therapeutic benefits of Qili Qiangxin (QLQX) capsules, an innovative Chinese medicine, on chronic heart failure. The studies show that multiple targets of the drug on CHF, including enhancing myocardial systole, promoting urine excretion, inhibiting excessive activation of the neuroendocrine system, preventing ventricular remodeling by inhibiting inflammatory response, myocardial fibrosis, apoptosis and autophagy, enhancing myocardial energy metabolism, promoting angiogenesis, and improving endothelial function. Investigation on the effects and mechanism of the drug is beneficial to the treatment of chronic heart failure (CHF) through multiple targets and/or signaling pathways. Meanwhile, it provides new insights to further understand other refractory diseases in the cardiovascular continuum, and it also has an important theoretical and practical significance in enhancing prevention and therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine for these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxing Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Luobing Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Bin Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Luobing Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Haoran Qin
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Changhai Hospital, Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Junqing Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Luobing Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Min Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Luobing Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Yanfei Song
- Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Luobing, Hebei Academy of Interactive Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Shijiazhuang Compound Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Kun Ma
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Huixin Li
- Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Luobing, Hebei Academy of Interactive Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Guoyuan Ding
- Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Luobing, Hebei Academy of Interactive Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Shijiazhuang Compound Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Bing Yao
- Shijiazhuang Compound Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Zhixin Wang
- Shijiazhuang Compound Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology Innovation Center, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Cong Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Luobing Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of TCM (Cardio-Cerebral Vessel Collateral Disease), Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Luobing, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Zhenhua Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Luobing Research and Innovative Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
- Key Disciplines of State Administration of TCM for Luobing, Hebei Academy of Interactive Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
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13
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do Val Lima PR, Ronconi KS, Morra EA, Rodrigues PL, Ávila RA, Merlo E, Graceli JB, Simões MR, Stefanon I, Ribeiro Júnior RF. Testosterone deficiency impairs cardiac interfibrillar mitochondrial function and myocardial contractility while inducing oxidative stress. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1206387. [PMID: 37780627 PMCID: PMC10534000 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1206387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Clinical studies have shown that low levels of endogenous testosterone are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Considering the intimate connection between oxidative metabolism and myocardial contractility, we determined the effects of testosterone deficiency on the two spatially distinct subpopulations of cardiac mitochondria, subsarcolemmal (SSM) and interfibrillar (IFM). Methods We assessed cardiac function and cardiac mitochondria structure of SSM and IFM after 12 weeks of testosterone deficiency in male Wistar rats. Results and Discussion Results show that low testosterone reduced myocardial contractility. Orchidectomy increased total left ventricular mitochondrial protein in the SSM, but not in IFM. The membrane potential, size and internal complexity in the IFM after orchidectomy were higher compared to the SHAM group. However, the rate of oxidative phosphorylation with all substrates in the IFM after orchidectomy was lower compared to the SHAM group. Testosterone replacement restored these changes. In the testosterone-deficient SSM group, oxidative phosphorylation was decreased with palmitoyl-L-carnitine as substrate; however, the mitochondrial calcium retention capacity in IFM was increased. There was no difference in swelling of the mitochondria in either group. These changes in IFM were followed by a reduction in phosphorylated form of AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) translocation to mitochondria and decreased mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM). Testosterone deficiency increased NADPH oxidase (NOX), angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) protein expression and reduced mitochondrial antioxidant proteins such as manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and catalase in the IFM. Treatment with apocynin (1.5 mM in drinking water) normalized myocardial contractility and interfibrillar mitochondrial function in the testosterone depleted animals. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate that testosterone deficiency leads to reduced myocardial contractility and impaired cardiac interfibrillar mitochondrial function. Our data suggest the involvement of reactive oxygen species, with a possibility of NOX as an enzymatic source.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karoline Sousa Ronconi
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Elis Aguiar Morra
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Paula Lopes Rodrigues
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Renata Andrade Ávila
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Merlo
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Jones B. Graceli
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Maylla Ronacher Simões
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Ivanita Stefanon
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
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14
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Cui Y, Wang P, Li M, Wang Y, Tang X, Cui J, Chen Y, Zhang T. Cinnamic acid mitigates left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure in part through modulating FTO-dependent N 6-methyladenosine RNA modification in cardiomyocytes. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115168. [PMID: 37453198 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy leads to heart failure, a serious medical condition associated with high rates of hospitalization and mortality. Limited success with the existing pharmacological treatments necessitates the development of mechanisms-based new therapies to better control the progression from left ventricular hypertrophy to heart failure. The current work investigated the pharmacological potentials and mechanisms of naturally occurring cinnamic acid in the treatment of left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure. The in vitro findings reveal that cinnamic acid attenuates the hypertrophic responses and mitochondrial dysfunction in the phenylephrine (PE)-stimulated cardiomyocytes. Furthermore, cinnamic acid offsets PE-induced increases in N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA modification and reductions in the expression of the key m6A demethylase FTO in cardiomyocytes. Most importantly, FTO knockdown abrogates anti-hypertrophic and mitochondrial protective effects of cinnamic acid in the PE-stimulated cardiomyocytes. The in vivo results further demonstrate that cinnamic acid mitigates left ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular systolic dysfunction and ultrastructural impairment of cardiomyocyte mitochondria and myofibrils in the mice subjected to transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced pressure overload. Moreover, FTO knockdown abolishes these beneficial effects of cinnamic acid in the TAC mice. In conclusion, the work here demonstrates for the first time that cinnamic acid is effective at mitigating pressure overload-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure in part by modulating the expression of FTO and the level of FTO-dependent m6A RNA modification in cardiomyocytes. These novel findings warrant further evaluation of cinnamic acid as a pharmacological agent/component to complement the existing treatment of pressure overload-mediated left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yimeng Cui
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Peiwei Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Mengli Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xinmiao Tang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Jingang Cui
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Laboratory of Clinical and Molecular Pharmacology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
| | - Teng Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Clinical Research Institute of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
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15
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Da Dalt L, Cabodevilla AG, Goldberg IJ, Norata GD. Cardiac lipid metabolism, mitochondrial function, and heart failure. Cardiovasc Res 2023; 119:1905-1914. [PMID: 37392421 PMCID: PMC10681665 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvad100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
A fine balance between uptake, storage, and the use of high energy fuels, like lipids, is crucial in the homeostasis of different metabolic tissues. Nowhere is this balance more important and more precarious than in the heart. This highly energy-demanding muscle normally oxidizes almost all the available substrates to generate energy, with fatty acids being the preferred source under physiological conditions. In patients with cardiomyopathies and heart failure, changes in the main energetic substrate are observed; these hearts often prefer to utilize glucose rather than oxidizing fatty acids. An imbalance between uptake and oxidation of fatty acid can result in cellular lipid accumulation and cytotoxicity. In this review, we will focus on the sources and uptake pathways used to direct fatty acids to cardiomyocytes. We will then discuss the intracellular machinery used to either store or oxidize these lipids and explain how disruptions in homeostasis can lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and heart failure. Moreover, we will also discuss the role of cholesterol accumulation in cardiomyocytes. Our discussion will attempt to weave in vitro experiments and in vivo data from mice and humans and use several human diseases to illustrate metabolism gone haywire as a cause of or accomplice to cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Da Dalt
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
| | - Ainara G Cabodevilla
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave., New York, NY, USA
| | - Ira J Goldberg
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, 550 1st Ave., New York, NY, USA
| | - Giuseppe Danilo Norata
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Via Balzaretti 9, Milan, Italy
- Center for the Study of Atherosclerosis, E. Bassini Hospital, Via Massimo Gorki 50, Cinisello Balsamo, Italy
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16
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Gallo G, Forte M, Cotugno M, Marchitti S, Stanzione R, Tocci G, Bianchi F, Palmerio S, Scioli M, Frati G, Sciarretta S, Barbato E, Volpe M, Rubattu S. Polymorphic variants at NDUFC2, encoding a mitochondrial complex I subunit, associate with cardiac hypertrophy in human hypertension. Mol Med 2023; 29:107. [PMID: 37558995 PMCID: PMC10410816 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A dysfunction of NADH dehydrogenase, the mitochondrial Complex I (CI), associated with the development of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in previous experimental studies. A deficiency of Ndufc2 (subunit of CI) impairs CI activity causing severe mitochondrial dysfunction. The T allele at NDUFC2/rs11237379 variant associates with reduced gene expression and impaired mitochondrial function. The present study tested the association of both NDUFC2/rs11237379 and NDUFC2/rs641836 variants with LVH in hypertensive patients. In vitro studies explored the impact of reduced Ndufc2 expression in isolated cardiomyocytes. METHODS Two-hundred-forty-six subjects (147 male, 59.7%), with a mean age of 59 ± 15 years, were included for the genetic association analysis. Ndufc2 silencing was performed in both H9c2 and rat primary cardiomyocytes to explore the hypertrophy development and the underlying signaling pathway. RESULTS The TT genotype at NDUFC2/rs11237379 associated with significantly reduced gene expression. Multivariate analysis revealed that patients carrying this genotype showed significant differences for septal thickness (p = 0.07), posterior wall thickness (p = 0.008), RWT (p = 0.021), LV mass/BSA (p = 0.03), compared to subjects carrying either CC or CT genotypes. Patients carrying the A allele at NDUFC2/rs641836 showed significant differences for septal thickness (p = 0.017), posterior wall thickness (p = 0.011), LV mass (p = 0.003), LV mass/BSA (p = 0.002) and LV mass/height2.7(p = 0.010) after adjustment for covariates. In-vitro, the Ndufc2 deficiency-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction caused cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, pointing to SIRT3-AMPK-AKT-MnSOD as a major underlying signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time a significant association of NDUFC2 variants with LVH in human hypertension and highlight a key role of Ndufc2 deficiency-dependent CI mitochondrial dysfunction on increased susceptibility to cardiac hypertrophy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Gallo
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Giuliano Tocci
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Palmerio
- Department of Medicine, University of Verona School of Medicine, Verona University Hospital Trust, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Giacomo Frati
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (Is), Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Sciarretta
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (Is), Italy
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Latina, Italy
| | - Emanuele Barbato
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Volpe
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS S. Raffaele, Rome, Italy
| | - Speranza Rubattu
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
- IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli (Is), Italy.
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17
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Savchenko L, Martinelli I, Marsal D, Zhdan V, Tao J, Kunduzova O. Myocardial capacity of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in response to prolonged electromagnetic stress. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1205893. [PMID: 37351281 PMCID: PMC10282661 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1205893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mitochondria are central energy generators for the heart, producing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. However, mitochondria also guide critical cell decisions and responses to the environmental stressors. Methods This study evaluated whether prolonged electromagnetic stress affects the mitochondrial OXPHOS system and structural modifications of the myocardium. To induce prolonged electromagnetic stress, mice were exposed to 915 MHz electromagnetic fields (EMFs) for 28 days. Results Analysis of mitochondrial OXPHOS capacity in EMF-exposed mice pointed to a significant increase in cardiac protein expression of the Complex I, II, III and IV subunits, while expression level of α-subunit of ATP synthase (Complex V) was stable among groups. Furthermore, measurement of respiratory function in isolated cardiac mitochondria using the Seahorse XF24 analyzer demonstrated that prolonged electromagnetic stress modifies the mitochondrial respiratory capacity. However, the plasma level of malondialdehyde, an indicator of oxidative stress, and myocardial expression of mitochondria-resident antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase 2 remained unchanged in EMF-exposed mice as compared to controls. At the structural and functional state of left ventricles, no abnormalities were identified in the heart of mice subjected to electromagnetic stress. Discussion Taken together, these data suggest that prolonged exposure to EMFs could affect mitochondrial oxidative metabolism through modulating cardiac OXPHOS system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesia Savchenko
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse University, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
- Poltava State Medical University, Poltava, Ukraine
| | - Ilenia Martinelli
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse University, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | - Dimitri Marsal
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse University, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Junwu Tao
- Toulouse, INP-ENSEEIHT, LAPLACE, Toulouse, France
| | - Oksana Kunduzova
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France
- Toulouse University, Toulouse, Cedex 9, France
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18
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Luan Y, Guo G, Luan Y, Yang Y, Yuan R. Single-cell transcriptional profiling of hearts during cardiac hypertrophy reveals the role of MAMs in cardiomyocyte subtype switching. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8339. [PMID: 37221368 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35464-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is the main predecessor of heart failure. Its pathology is sophisticated, and its progression is associated with multiple cellular processes. To explore new therapeutic approaches, more precise examination of cardiomyocyte subtypes and involved biological processes is required in response to hypertrophic stimuli. Mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are two crucial organelles associated with the progression of cardiac hypertrophy and are connected through junctions known as mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs). Although MAM genes are altered in cardiac hypertrophy, the importance of MAMs in cardiac hypertrophy and the expression pattern of MAMs in certain cardiac cell types require a comprehensive analysis. In this study, we analyzed the temporal expression of MAM proteins in the process of cardiac hypertrophy and observed that MAM-related proteins preferentially accumulated in cardiomyocytes at the initial stage of cardiac hypertrophy and underwent a gradual decline, which was synchronized with the proportion of two cardiomyocyte subtypes (CM2 and CM3). Meanwhile, these subtypes went through a functional switch during cardiac hypertrophy. Trajectory analysis suggested that there was a differentiation trajectory of cardiomyocyte subtypes from high to low MAM protein expression. Distinct regulon modules across different cardiomyocyte cell types were revealed by transcriptional regulatory network analysis. Furthermore, scWGCNA revealed that MAM-related genes were clustered into a module that correlated with diabetic cardiomyopathy. Altogether, we identified cardiomyocyte subtype transformation and the potential critical transcription factors involved, which may serve as therapeutic targets in combating cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Clinical Systems Biology Research Laboratories, Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangyu Guo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Luan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Clinical Systems Biology Research Laboratories, Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ruixia Yuan
- Clinical Big Data Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Xu M, Liu D, Gao X, Wang Z, Zhang L, Fan H. MiR-423-5p Inhibition Exerts Protective Effects on Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2023; 259:199-208. [PMID: 36517015 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.2022.j109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a kind of bioactive peptide, which can contribute to cardiac hypertrophy. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play critical role in various heart diseases. The cardioprotective effect of miR-423-5p inhibition has been confirmed by previous studies. But its role in cardiac hypertrophy induced by Ang II is unknown. This study focused on the potential of miR-423-5p in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy under the treatment of Ang II. Our results revealed that miR-423-5p expression was upregulated in Ang II-treated human cardiomyocytes (HCMs). Importantly, miR-423-5p knockdown suppressed Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and oxidative stress in HCMs. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that the suppressor of Ty 6 homolog (SUPT6H) was a target gene of miR-423-5p. Interestingly, SUPT6H knockdown aggravated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and oxidative stress in Ang II-stimulated HCMs, which were then reversed by silenced miR-423-5p. In conclusion, miR-423-5p knockdown exerts its protective effects on Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in HCMs via modulating SUPT6H expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Dongchen Liu
- Department of Coronary Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Xinyu Gao
- Department of Burn Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Ziwen Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Linna Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Hao Fan
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
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20
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Liu J, Li J, Yang S, She Y, Li X, Jia Y. Phillyrin Inhibits Isoproterenol-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy Via P38 and NF-κB Pathways. Nat Prod Commun 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x221144581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is the main compensatory response to chronic heart stress and often progresses to a decompensation state potentially leading to heart failure. Phillyrin (PHI) is a novel compound derived from Forsythia, which has shown anti-inflammatory and anti-virus activities as well as renal protective effects on diabetic nephropathy. Therefore, we investigated the effects of PHI on CH induced by isoproterenol (ISO). Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by ISO in vivo, and the H9C2 cells were treated with ISO. PHI treatment alleviated CH in isoproterenol-induced mice in 7 and 14 days. Echocardiography showed that the PHI improved ISO-induced CH heart function and structure. PHI significantly decreased heart weight/body weight (HW/BW) and heart weight/tibia length (HW/TL) ratios and improved left ventricular (LV) function in ISO-treated mice. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed cardiomyocyte areas of the ISO group were significantly increased, and PHI was significantly reduced at 7 and 14 days, PHI-100 groups showed significantly better improvements than PHI-50. Sirius red staining indicated PHI significantly decreased collagen deposition in heart cross-sections induced by ISO, and PHI repressed ISO-induced cTn-I and NT-proBNP expression in mouse serum. In vitro data from H9C2 cells showed that PHI decreased cell areas and total cell protein levels in cells induced by ISO, whereas ANP, BNP, IL-6, and IL-1β expression was significantly inhibited by PHI. Also, PHI simultaneously inhibited P65 and P38 phosphorylation in vivo and in vitro. In conclusion, this study demonstrated the protective effect of PHI on CH in in vivo and in vitro, and this effect was related to the suppression of inflammation through the activation of the P38/NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Liu
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Jiahang Li
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Shengqian Yang
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Yuanting She
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Yi Jia
- Institute of Materia Medica and Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Army Medical University, ChongQing, China
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21
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Werbner B, Tavakoli-Rouzbehani OM, Fatahian AN, Boudina S. The dynamic interplay between cardiac mitochondrial health and myocardial structural remodeling in metabolic heart disease, aging, and heart failure. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR AGING 2023; 3:9. [PMID: 36742465 PMCID: PMC9894375 DOI: 10.20517/jca.2022.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a holistic perspective on the bi-directional relationship between cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction and myocardial structural remodeling in the context of metabolic heart disease, natural cardiac aging, and heart failure. First, a review of the physiologic and molecular drivers of cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction across a range of increasingly prevalent conditions such as metabolic syndrome and cardiac aging is presented, followed by a general review of the mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control (QC) in the heart. Several important mechanisms by which cardiac mitochondrial dysfunction triggers or contributes to structural remodeling of the heart are discussed: accumulated metabolic byproducts, oxidative damage, impaired mitochondrial QC, and mitochondrial-mediated cell death identified as substantial mechanistic contributors to cardiac structural remodeling such as hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Subsequently, the less studied but nevertheless important reverse relationship is explored: the mechanisms by which cardiac structural remodeling feeds back to further alter mitochondrial bioenergetic function. We then provide a condensed pathogenesis of several increasingly important clinical conditions in which these relationships are central: diabetic cardiomyopathy, age-associated declines in cardiac function, and the progression to heart failure, with or without preserved ejection fraction. Finally, we identify promising therapeutic opportunities targeting mitochondrial function in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Werbner
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | | | - Amir Nima Fatahian
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Sihem Boudina
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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22
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Chang X, Liu R, Li R, Peng Y, Zhu P, Zhou H. Molecular Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:426-448. [PMID: 36632466 PMCID: PMC9830521 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.76223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) is a special type of coronary heart disease or an advanced stage of the disease, which is related to the pathological mechanism of primary dilated cardiomyopathy. Ischemic cardiomyopathy mainly occurs in the long-term myocardial ischemia, resulting in diffuse myocardial fibrosis. This in turn affects the cardiac ejection function, resulting in a significant impact on myocardial systolic and diastolic function, resulting in a decrease in the cardiac ejection fraction. The pathogenesis of ICM is closely related to coronary heart disease. Mainly due to coronary atherosclerosis caused by coronary stenosis or vascular occlusion, causing vascular inflammatory lesions and thrombosis. As the disease progresses, it leads to long-term myocardial ischemia and eventually ICM. The pathological mechanism is mainly related to the mechanisms of inflammation, myocardial hypertrophy, fibrosis and vascular remodeling. Mitochondria are organelles with a double-membrane structure, so the composition of the mitochondrial outer compartment is basically similar to that of the cytoplasm. When ischemia-reperfusion induces a large influx of calcium into the cell, the concentration of calcium ions in the mitochondrial outer compartment also increases. The subsequent opening of the membrane permeability transition pore in the inner mitochondrial membrane and the resulting calcium overload induces the homeostasis of cardiomyocytes and activates the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. Mitochondrial Quality Control (MQC), as an important mechanism for regulating mitochondrial function in cardiomyocytes, affects the morphological structure/function and lifespan of mitochondria. In this review, we discuss the role of MQC (including mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and mitochondrial biosynthesis) in the pathogenesis of ICM and provide important evidence for targeting MQC for ICM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chang
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruxiu Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; E-mail: . Pingjun Zhu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; . Ruxiu Liu, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; E-mail:
| | - Ruibing Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Medical Centre, Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing, China
| | - Youyou Peng
- Montverde Future Academy Shanghai, 88 Jianhao Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingjun Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; E-mail: . Pingjun Zhu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; . Ruxiu Liu, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; E-mail:
| | - Hao Zhou
- Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Hao Zhou, Senior Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Centre of People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China; E-mail: . Pingjun Zhu, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Medical Center & National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China; . Ruxiu Liu, Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China; E-mail:
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23
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Small-molecule 7,8-dihydroxyflavone counteracts compensated and decompensated cardiac hypertrophy via AMPK activation. J Geriatr Cardiol 2022; 19:853-866. [PMID: 36561053 PMCID: PMC9748273 DOI: 10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathological cardiac hypertrophy is a compensated response to various stimuli and is considered a key risk factor for heart failure. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a flavonoid derivative that acts as a small-molecule brain-derived neurotrophic factor mimetic. The present study aimed to explore the potential role of 7,8-DHF in cardiac hypertrophy. METHODS Kunming mice and H9c2 cells were exposed to transverse aortic constriction or isoproterenol (ISO) with or without 7,8-DHF, respectively. F-actin staining was performed to calculate the cell area. Transcriptional levels of hypertrophic markers, including ANP, BNP, and β-MHC, were detected. Echocardiography, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the cardiac function, histology, and ultrastructure of ventricles. Protein levels of mitochondria-related factors, such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), were detected. RESULTS 7,8-DHF inhibited compensated and decompensated cardiac hypertrophy, diminished the cross-sectional area, and alleviated the mitochondrial disorders of cardiomyocytes. Meanwhile, 7,8-DHF reduced the cell size and repressed the mRNA levels of the hypertrophic markers of ISO-treated cardiomyocytes. In addition, 7,8-DHF activated AMPK and PGC-1α signals without affecting the protein levels of mitochondrial dynamics-related molecules. The effects of 7,8-DHF were eliminanted by Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that 7,8-DHF inhibited cardiac hypertrophy and mitochondrial dysfunction by activating AMPK signaling, providing a potential agent for the treatment of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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24
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Targeting Mitochondrial Dynamics Proteins for the Development of Therapies for Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314741. [PMID: 36499064 PMCID: PMC9736032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The identification of new pathogenetic targets contributes to more efficient development of new types of drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. This review highlights the problem of mitochondrial dynamics disorders, in the context of cardiovascular diseases. A change in the normal function of mitochondrial dynamics proteins is one of the reasons for the development of the pathological state of cardiomyocytes. Based on this, therapeutic targeting of these proteins may be a promising strategy in the development of cardiac drugs. Here we will consider changes for each process of mitochondrial dynamics in cardiovascular diseases: fission and fusion of mitochondria, mitophagy, mitochondrial transport and biogenesis, and also analyze the prospects of the considered protein targets based on existing drug developments.
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25
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Han J, Dai S, Zhong L, Shi X, Fan X, Zhong X, Lin W, Su L, Lin S, Han B, Xu J, Hong X, Huang W, Ye B. GSDMD (Gasdermin D) Mediates Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy and Generates a Feed-Forward Amplification Cascade via Mitochondria-STING (Stimulator of Interferon Genes) Axis. Hypertension 2022; 79:2505-2518. [DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.122.20004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Cardiac hypertrophy is initially an adaptive response of cardiomyocytes to neurohumoral or hemodynamic stimuli. Evidence indicates that Ang II (angiotensin II) or pressure overload causes GSDMD (gasdermin D) activation in cardiomyocytes and myocardial tissues. However, the direct impact of GSDMD on cardiac hypertrophy and its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood.
Methods and Results:
In this study, we examined the aberrant activation of GSDMD in mouse and human hypertrophic myocardia, and the results showed that GSDMD deficiency reduced Ang II or pressure overload–induced cardiac hypertrophy, dysfunction, and associated cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in mice. Mechanistically, Ang II–mediated GSDMD cleavage caused mitochondrial dysfunction upstream of STING (stimulator of interferon genes) activation in vivo and in vitro. Activation of STING, in turn, potentiated GSDMD-mediated cardiac hypertrophy. Moreover, deficiency of both GSDMD and STING suppressed cardiac hypertrophy in cardiac-specific GSDMD-overexpressing mice.
Conclusions:
Based on these findings, we propose a mechanism by which GSDMD generates a self-amplifying, positive feed-forward loop with the mitochondria-STING axis. This finding points to the prospects of GSDMD as a key therapeutic target for hypertrophy-associated heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jibo Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China (J.H., X.S., B.H., J.X.)
| | - Shanshan Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Emergency and Disaster Medicine of Wenzhou, Department of Emergency (S.D.), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lingfeng Zhong
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
| | - Xiaowen Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China (J.H., X.S., B.H., J.X.)
| | - Xiaoxi Fan
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
| | - Xin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
| | - Wante Lin
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
| | - Lan Su
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
| | - Shuang Lin
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
| | - Bingjiang Han
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China (J.H., X.S., B.H., J.X.)
| | - Jianjiang Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Zhejiang, China (J.H., X.S., B.H., J.X.)
| | - Xia Hong
- Department of Cardiac Care Unit (X.H.), The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
| | - Bozhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology and The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, China (L.Z., X.F., X.Z., W.L., L.S., S.L., W.H., B.Y.)
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26
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Yue P, Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhou K, Xia S, Peng M, Yan H, Tang X, Chen Z, Zhang D, Guo J, Pu WT, Guo Y, Hua Y, Li Y. Yap1 modulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy via impaired mitochondrial biogenesis in response to chronic mechanical stress overload. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:7009-7031. [PMID: 36276651 PMCID: PMC9576622 DOI: 10.7150/thno.74563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Chronic pressure overload is a major trigger of cardiac pathological hypertrophy that eventually leads to heart disease and heart failure. Understanding the mechanisms governing hypertrophy is the key to develop therapeutic strategies for heart diseases. Methods: We built chronic pressure overload mice model by abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) to explore the features of Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1). Then AAV-cTNT-Cre was applied to Yap1F/F mice to induce mosaic depletion of YAP1. Myh6CreERT2; H11CAG-LSL-YAP1 mice were involved to establish YAP1 overexpression model by Tomaxifen injection. ATAC-seq and bioChIP-seq were used to explore the potential targets of YAP1, which were verified by a series of luciferase reporter assays. Dnm1l and Mfn1 were re-expressed in AAC mice by AAV-cTNT-Dnm1l and AAV-cTNT-Mfn1. Finally, Verteprofin was used to inhibit YAP1 to rescue cardiac hypertrophy. Results: We found that pathological hypertrophy was accompanied with the activation of YAP1. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Yap1 attenuated AAC-induced hypertrophy. Overexpression of YAP1 was sufficient to phenocopy AAC-induced hypertrophy. YAP1 activation resulted in the perturbation of mitochondria ultrastructure and function, which was associated with the repression of mitochondria dynamics regulators Dnm1l and Mfn1. Mitochondrial-related genes Dnm1l and Mfn1, are significantly targeted by TEAD1/YAP complex. Overexpression of Dnm1l and Mfn1 synergistically rescued YAP1-induced mitochondrial damages and cardiac hypertrophy. Pharmacological repression of YAP1 by verteporfin attenuated mitochondrial damages and pathological hypertrophy in AAC-treated mice. Interestingly, YAP1-induced mitochondria damages also led to increased reactive oxidative species, DNA damages, and the suppression of cardiomyocyte proliferation. Conclusion: Together, these data uncovered YAP signaling as a therapeutic target for pressure overload-induced heart diseases and cautioned the efforts to induce cardiomyocyte regeneration by activating YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yue
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Kaiyu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shutao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Mou Peng
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hualin Yan
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Zhan Chen
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei 430062, China
| | - Junling Guo
- BMI Center for Biomass Materials and Nanointerfaces, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
| | - William T Pu
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115 USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA
| | - Yuxuan Guo
- Peking University Health Science Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, The Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yimin Hua
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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Zheng D, Chen L, Li G, Jin L, Wei Q, Liu Z, Yang G, Li Y, Xie X. Fucoxanthin ameliorated myocardial fibrosis in STZ-induced diabetic rats and cell hypertrophy in HG-induced H9c2 cells by alleviating oxidative stress and restoring mitophagy. Food Funct 2022; 13:9559-9575. [PMID: 35997158 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01761j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the leading causes of death in diabetic patients, and is accompanied by increased oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Fucoxanthin (FX), as a marine carotenoid, possesses strong antioxidant activity. The main purpose of our study was to explore whether FX could attenuate experimental cardiac hypertrophy by affecting mitophagy and oxidative stress. We found that FX improved lipid metabolism, myocardial damage, myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy in the myocardial tissue of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Additionally, FX upregulated Nrf2 signaling to reduce the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS). FX also promoted Bnip3/Nix signaling to improve mitochondrial function and reduced the levels of mitochondrial and intracellular ROS, thereby reversing HG-induced H9c2 cell hypertrophy. However, treatment with the autophagy inhibitor CQ abolished the anti-hypertrophic effect of FX, accompanied by impaired mitochondrial function and increased ROS levels. In conclusion, we found that FX reduced the accumulation of TGF-β1, FN and α-SMA to relieve myocardial fibrosis in STZ-induced diabetic rats, and FX up-regulated Bnip3/Nix to promote mitophagy and enhanced Nrf2 signaling to alleviate oxidative stress, thereby inhibiting hypertrophy in HG-induced H9c2 cells. These results imply that FX may be developed as a functional food for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Linlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Department of Urology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China
| | - Lin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qihui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zilue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Guanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xi Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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28
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Sikorski V, Vento A, Kankuri E. Emerging roles of the RNA modifications N6-methyladenosine and adenosine-to-inosine in cardiovascular diseases. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:426-461. [PMID: 35991314 PMCID: PMC9366019 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases lead the mortality and morbidity disease metrics worldwide. A multitude of chemical base modifications in ribonucleic acids (RNAs) have been linked with key events of cardiovascular diseases and metabolic disorders. Named either RNA epigenetics or epitranscriptomics, the post-transcriptional RNA modifications, their regulatory pathways, components, and downstream effects substantially contribute to the ways our genetic code is interpreted. Here we review the accumulated discoveries to date regarding the roles of the two most common epitranscriptomic modifications, N6-methyl-adenosine (m6A) and adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) editing, in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilbert Sikorski
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antti Vento
- Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, 00029 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Esko Kankuri
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
- Corresponding author Esko Kankuri, M.D. Ph.D., Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, PO Box 63 (Haartmaninkatu 8), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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29
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Han W, Du C, Zhu Y, Ran L, Wang Y, Xiong J, Wu Y, Lan Q, Wang Y, Wang L, Wang J, Yang K, Zhao J. Targeting Myocardial Mitochondria-STING-Polyamine Axis Prevents Cardiac Hypertrophy in Chronic Kidney Disease. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2022; 7:820-840. [PMID: 36061341 PMCID: PMC9436763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is well recognized as a distinct contributor to cardiac hypertrophy, while the underlying mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here, the authors show that myocardial mitochondrial oxidative damage is early and prominent in CKD and distinctively stimulates the STING-NFκB pathway by releasing mitochondrial DNA to drive cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, the authors reveal that ornithine decarboxylase (ODC1)-putrescine metabolic flux is transactivated by NFκB and is required for the STING-NFκB pathway to drive cardiac hypertrophy. Finally, genetic or pharmacologic inhibition of the myocardial mitochondria-STING-NFκB-ODC1 axis significantly prevents CKD-associated cardiac hypertrophy. Therefore, targeting the myocardial mitochoandria-STING-NFκB-ODC1 axis is a promising therapeutic strategy for cardiac hypertrophy in patients with CKD.
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Key Words
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate
- CKD, chronic kidney disease
- LV, left ventricular
- MOMP, mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization
- MPTP, mitochondrial permeability transition pore
- NRCM, primary neonatal rat cardiomyocyte
- ODC1, ornithine decarboxylase
- PUT, putrescine
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- VDAC1, voltage-dependent anion channel 1
- cGAS-STING pathway
- cardiac hypertrophy
- chronic kidney disease
- mitochondria
- mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA
- polyamine metabolism
- siRNA, small interfering RNA
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Han
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Changhong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yingguo Zhu
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Li Ran
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Jiachuan Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yiding Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Qigang Lan
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Yaqin Wang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Liting Wang
- Biomedical Analysis Center, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Junping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Institute of Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Dr Ke Yang, Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Jinghong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, the Key Laboratory for the Prevention and Treatment of Chronic Kidney Disease of Chongqing, Chongqing Clinical Research Center of Kidney and Urology Diseases, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, China
- Address for correspondence: Dr Jinghong Zhao, Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Xinqiao Road, Chongqing 400037, China.
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30
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Xia H, Zahra A, Jia M, Wang Q, Wang Y, Campbell SL, Wu J. Na +/H + Exchanger 1, a Potential Therapeutic Drug Target for Cardiac Hypertrophy and Heart Failure. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070875. [PMID: 35890170 PMCID: PMC9318128 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is defined as increased heart mass in response to increased hemodynamic requirements. Long-term cardiac hypertrophy, if not counteracted, will ultimately lead to heart failure. The incidence of heart failure is related to myocardial infarction, which could be salvaged by reperfusion and ultimately invites unfavorable myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. The Na+/H+ exchangers (NHEs) are membrane transporters that exchange one intracellular proton for one extracellular Na+. The first discovered NHE isoform, NHE1, is expressed almost ubiquitously in all tissues, especially in the myocardium. During myocardial ischemia-reperfusion, NHE1 catalyzes increased uptake of intracellular Na+, which in turn leads to Ca2+ overload and subsequently myocardial injury. Numerous preclinical research has shown that NHE1 is involved in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, but the exact molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The objective of this review is to demonstrate the potential role of NHE1 in cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure and investigate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiting Xia
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.X.); (A.Z.)
| | - Aqeela Zahra
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.X.); (A.Z.)
| | - Meng Jia
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China; (M.J.); (Q.W.)
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Disease, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Qun Wang
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China; (M.J.); (Q.W.)
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Disease, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Yunfu Wang
- Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 440070, China;
| | - Susan L. Campbell
- Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA;
| | - Jianping Wu
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China; (H.X.); (A.Z.)
- Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China; (M.J.); (Q.W.)
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Disease, Beijing 100070, China
- Correspondence:
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31
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Ferro F, Spelat R, Valente C, Contessotto P. Understanding How Heart Metabolic Derangement Shows Differential Stage Specificity for Heart Failure with Preserved and Reduced Ejection Fraction. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12070969. [PMID: 35883525 PMCID: PMC9312956 DOI: 10.3390/biom12070969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a clinical condition defined by structural and functional abnormalities in the heart that gradually result in reduced cardiac output (HFrEF) and/or increased cardiac pressures at rest and under stress (HFpEF). The presence of asymptomatic individuals hampers HF identification, resulting in delays in recognizing patients until heart dysfunction is manifested, thus increasing the chance of poor prognosis. Given the recent advances in metabolomics, in this review we dissect the main alterations occurring in the metabolic pathways behind the decrease in cardiac function caused by HF. Indeed, relevant preclinical and clinical research has been conducted on the metabolite connections and differences between HFpEF and HFrEF. Despite these promising results, it is crucial to note that, in addition to identifying single markers and reliable threshold levels within the healthy population, the introduction of composite panels would strongly help in the identification of those individuals with an increased HF risk. That said, additional research in the field is required to overcome the current drawbacks and shed light on the pathophysiological changes that lead to HF. Finally, greater collaborative data sharing, as well as standardization of procedures and approaches, would enhance this research field to fulfil its potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Ferro
- Department of Medical, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34125 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Renza Spelat
- Neurobiology Sector, International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Camilla Valente
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Paolo Contessotto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35122 Padova, Italy; (C.V.); (P.C.)
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Cardiac disruption of SDHAF4-mediated mitochondrial complex II assembly promotes dilated cardiomyopathy. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3947. [PMID: 35803927 PMCID: PMC9270418 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31548-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Succinate dehydrogenase, which is known as mitochondrial complex II, has proven to be a fascinating machinery, attracting renewed and increased interest in its involvement in human diseases. Herein, we find that succinate dehydrogenase assembly factor 4 (SDHAF4) is downregulated in cardiac muscle in response to pathological stresses and in diseased hearts from human patients. Cardiac loss of Sdhaf4 suppresses complex II assembly and results in subunit degradation and complex II deficiency in fetal mice. These defects are exacerbated in young adults with globally impaired metabolic capacity and activation of dynamin-related protein 1, which induces excess mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, thereby causing progressive dilated cardiomyopathy and lethal heart failure in animals. Targeting mitochondria via supplementation with fumarate or inhibiting mitochondrial fission improves mitochondrial dynamics, partially restores cardiac function and prolongs the lifespan of mutant mice. Moreover, the addition of fumarate is found to dramatically improve cardiac function in myocardial infarction mice. These findings reveal a vital role for complex II assembly in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy and provide additional insights into therapeutic interventions for heart diseases. Functional succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) complex is vital to mitochondrial homeostasis. Here the authors show that disruption of SDH assembly in the heart causes dilated cardiomyopathy via impairing the mitochondrial integrity and metabolism and that mitochondrial interventions can be an effective approach to ameliorate the disease progression.
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Gao ZW, Zhang X, Zhuo QY, Chen MX, Yang C, Chen ZJ, Chen Y, Liao YQ, Wang LL. Metabolomics and integrated network pharmacology analysis reveal attenuates cardiac hypertrophic mechanisms of HuoXin pill. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115150. [PMID: 35304274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is maladaptive and contributes to the pathogenesis of heart failure. Huoxin pill (HXP), a Chinese herbal prescription, is widely applied in the treatment of cardiovascular disease (CAD). Its mechanism, however, is unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study investigated the mechanism of action for Huoxin pill in the treatment of CH, an important stage of CAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 rats were injected with isoprenaline (ISO) to establish a model of CH. Echocardiography and histopathologic evaluation were performed to evaluate the disease severity, whereas ELISAs were conducted to determine the expression of oxidative stress. Network pharmacology and metabolomic analyses were conducted to identify the key compounds, core targets and pathways that mediate the effects of HXP against CH. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to test apoptosis protein levels. RESULTS HXP administration in ISO-treated rats decreased hypertrophy indices, alleviated cardiac pathological damage, and downregulated oxidative stress levels when compared to those of rats subjected to ISO treatment only. Moreover, network pharmacology results suggested that the PI3K-Akt pathway is a main mechanism by which HXP inhibits cardiac hypertrophy, and experimental verification showed that HXP inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis via activation of the PI3K-Akt pathway. The results of metabolomic analysis identified 21 differential metabolites between the HXPH group and ISO group, which were considered to be metabolic biomarkers of HXP in the treatment of CH. Among them, 6 differential metabolites were significantly upregulated, and 15 were significantly downregulated. CONCLUSIONS The present study presents an integrated strategy for investigating the mechanisms of HXP in the treatment of CH and sheds new light on the application of HXP as a traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Wang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Qing-Yuan Zhuo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Mei-Xian Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Chong Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Zhao-Jie Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yi-Qiu Liao
- Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical General Factory, Guangzhou Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Holdings Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510515, PR China; Key Laboratory of Key Technology Research on Chemical Raw Materials and Preparations of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.
| | - Ling-Li Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, No. 232, Waihuandong Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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Paricalcitol Attenuates Metabolic Syndrome-Associated Heart Failure through Enhanced Mitochondrial Fusion. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5554290. [PMID: 35726330 PMCID: PMC9206562 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5554290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Transition from cardiac hypertrophy to failure involves adverse metabolic reprogramming involving mitochondrial dysfunction. We have earlier shown that vitamin D deficiency induces heart failure, at least in part, through insulin resistance. However, whether activation of vitamin D receptor (VDR) can attenuate heart failure and underlying metabolic phenotype requires investigation. Thus, we aimed to assess the cardioprotective potential of paricalcitol, a vitamin D receptor-activator, against cardiac hypertrophy and failure in high-fat high-fructose-fed rats. Methods Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed control (Con) or high-fat high-fructose (HFHFrD) diet for 20 weeks. After 12 weeks, rats from HFHFrD group were divided into the following: HFHFrD, HFHFrD+P (paricalcitol i.p. 0.08 μg/kg/day) and HFHFrD+E (enalapril maleate i.p. 10 mg/kg/day). Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, blood pressure measurement, and 2D echocardiography were performed. Cardiac fibrosis was assessed by Masson's trichrome staining of paraffin-embedded heart sections. Mitochondrial DNA and proteins, and citrate synthase activity were measured in rat hearts. VDR was silenced in H9c2 cardiomyoblasts, and immunoblotting was performed. Results Paricalcitol improved glucose tolerance, serum lipid profile, and blood pressure in high-fat high-fructose-fed rats. Paricalcitol reduced cardiac wall thickness and increased ejection fraction in high-fat high-fructose-fed rats but had no effect on perivascular fibrosis. PGC1-α was upregulated in the HFHFrD+P group compared to the HFHFrD group, but there was no significant difference in mitochondrial content. Citrate synthase activity was significantly higher in the HFHFrD+P group compared to the HFHFrD group. Rat hearts of the HFHFrD+P group had significantly higher expression of mitofusins. H9c2 cells with VDR knockdown showed significantly lower expression of Mfn2. Improvement in the HFHFrD+P group was comparable with that in the HFHFrD+E group. Conclusions Paricalcitol reverses cardiac dysfunction in rats with metabolic syndrome by enhancing mitochondrial fusion. We demonstrate repurposing potential of the drug currently used in end-stage kidney disease.
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Cardiomyocyte Proliferation from Fetal- to Adult- and from Normal- to Hypertrophy and Failing Hearts. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11060880. [PMID: 35741401 PMCID: PMC9220194 DOI: 10.3390/biology11060880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Death from injury to the heart from a variety of causes remains a major cause of mortality worldwide. The cardiomyocyte, the major contracting cell of the heart, is responsible for pumping blood to the rest of the body. During fetal development, these immature cardiomyocytes are small and rapidly divide to complete development of the heart by birth when they develop structural and functional characteristics of mature cells which prevent further division. All further growth of the heart after birth is due to an increase in the size of cardiomyocytes, hypertrophy. Following the loss of functional cardiomyocytes due to coronary artery occlusion or other causes, the heart is unable to replace the lost cells. One of the significant research goals has been to induce adult cardiomyocytes to reactivate the cell cycle and repair cardiac injury. This review explores the developmental, structural, and functional changes of the growing cardiomyocyte, and particularly the sarcomere, responsible for force generation, from the early fetal period of reproductive cell growth through the neonatal period and on to adulthood, as well as during pathological response to different forms of myocardial diseases or injury. Multiple issues relative to cardiomyocyte cell-cycle regulation in normal or diseased conditions are discussed. Abstract The cardiomyocyte undergoes dramatic changes in structure, metabolism, and function from the early fetal stage of hyperplastic cell growth, through birth and the conversion to hypertrophic cell growth, continuing to the adult stage and responding to various forms of stress on the myocardium, often leading to myocardial failure. The fetal cell with incompletely formed sarcomeres and other cellular and extracellular components is actively undergoing mitosis, organelle dispersion, and formation of daughter cells. In the first few days of neonatal life, the heart is able to repair fully from injury, but not after conversion to hypertrophic growth. Structural and metabolic changes occur following conversion to hypertrophic growth which forms a barrier to further cardiomyocyte division, though interstitial components continue dividing to keep pace with cardiac growth. Both intra- and extracellular structural changes occur in the stressed myocardium which together with hemodynamic alterations lead to metabolic and functional alterations of myocardial failure. This review probes some of the questions regarding conditions that regulate normal and pathologic growth of the heart.
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Liang B, Zhou Z, Yang Z, Liu J, Zhang L, He J, Li H, Huang Y, Yang Q, Xian S, Wang L. AGEs-RAGE axis mediates myocardial fibrosis via activation of cardiac fibroblasts induced by autophagy in heart failure. Exp Physiol 2022; 107:879-891. [PMID: 35598104 DOI: 10.1113/ep090042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Does the AGEs-RAGE axis mediate myocardial fibrosis in heart failure? What is the main finding and its importance? The AGEs-RAGE axis is involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis through CFs activation induced by autophagy in heart failure. Inhibiting AGEs-RAGE axis attenuates dysfunction in the heart and attenuates myocardial fibrosis in mice with TAC via suppressing CFs activation. ABSTRACT Background: Heart failure is the end stage of cardiovascular diseases, and is a critical medical condition that poses an important therapeutic challenge for physicians due to its high morbidity and mortality. Myocardial fibrosis is part of the remodeling process that occurs in heart failure. Many studies have shown that advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are implicated in fibrosis and autophagy, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we elucidate the mechanism by which the AGEs-RAGE axis mediates activation of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in heart failure. METHODS AND RESULTS We used C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice to establish a model of heart failure by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). After 6 weeks of treatment, relevant indicators were detected. In mice subjected to TAC, AGEs were upregulated compared with sham mice. Inhibition of RAGE resulted in functional cardiac protection with reduced hypertrophy and fibrosis in mice after TAC. Of note, autophagy mediated the activation of CFs that transformed to myofibroblasts and contributed to fibrosis. In vitro, CFs were obtained from neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats and treated with AGEs-BSA and short hairpin RNA (shRNA) for RAGE, which to verify the results in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the AGEs-RAGE axis is involved in the pathogenesis of myocardial fibrosis through CF activation induced by autophagy in heart failure. Inhibiting the AGEs-RAGE axis attenuates dysfunction in the heart and attenuates myocardial fibrosis in mice with TAC via suppressing CF activation. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birong Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqi Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaqi He
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yusheng Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiuye Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shaoxiang Xian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingjun Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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37
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Zhou B, Caudal A, Tang X, Chavez JD, McMillen TS, Keller A, Villet O, Zhao M, Liu Y, Ritterhoff J, Wang P, Kolwicz SC, Wang W, Bruce JE, Tian R. Upregulation of mitochondrial ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (ATPIF1) mediates increased glycolysis in mouse hearts. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e155333. [PMID: 35575090 PMCID: PMC9106352 DOI: 10.1172/jci155333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In hypertrophied and failing hearts, fuel metabolism is reprogrammed to increase glucose metabolism, especially glycolysis. This metabolic shift favors biosynthetic function at the expense of ATP production. Mechanisms responsible for the switch are poorly understood. We found that inhibitory factor 1 of the mitochondrial FoF1-ATP synthase (ATPIF1), a protein known to inhibit ATP hydrolysis by the reverse function of ATP synthase during ischemia, was significantly upregulated in pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure overload, myocardial infarction, or α-adrenergic stimulation. Chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry analysis of hearts hypertrophied by pressure overload suggested that increased expression of ATPIF1 promoted the formation of FoF1-ATP synthase nonproductive tetramer. Using ATPIF1 gain- and loss-of-function cell models, we demonstrated that stalled electron flow due to impaired ATP synthase activity triggered mitochondrial ROS generation, which stabilized HIF1α, leading to transcriptional activation of glycolysis. Cardiac-specific deletion of ATPIF1 in mice prevented the metabolic switch and protected against the pathological remodeling during chronic stress. These results uncover a function of ATPIF1 in nonischemic hearts, which gives FoF1-ATP synthase a critical role in metabolic rewiring during the pathological remodeling of the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Arianne Caudal
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Xiaoting Tang
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Juan D. Chavez
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Timothy S. McMillen
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Andrew Keller
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Outi Villet
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Mingyue Zhao
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Julia Ritterhoff
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Pei Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Stephen C. Kolwicz
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - Wang Wang
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
| | - James E. Bruce
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rong Tian
- Mitochondria and Metabolism Center, Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine, and
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Boal F, Cinato M, Timotin A, Münzberg H, Qualls-Creekmore E, Kramar S, Loi H, Roncalli J, Keita S, Tronchere H, Kunduzova O. Galanin Regulates Myocardial Mitochondrial ROS Homeostasis and Hypertrophic Remodeling Through GalR2. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:869179. [PMID: 35431947 PMCID: PMC9011366 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.869179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulatory peptide galanin is broadly distributed in the central nervous systems and peripheral tissues where it modulates numerous physiological and pathological processes through binding to its three G-protein-coupled receptors, GalR1-3. However, the function and identity of the galaninergic system in the heart remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the expression of the galanin receptors in cardiac cells and tissues and found that GalR2 is the dominant receptor subtype in adult mouse hearts, cardiomyocytes and H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. In vivo, genetic suppression of GalR2 promotes cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and mitochondrial oxidative stress in the heart. In vitro, GalR2 silencing by siRNA abolished the beneficial effects of galanin on cell hypertrophy and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. These findings unravel new insights into the role of galaninergic system in the heart and suggest novel therapeutic strategies in heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Boal
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Mathieu Cinato
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Andrei Timotin
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Heike Münzberg
- Neurobiology of Nutrition and Metabolism Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, CA, United States
| | - Emily Qualls-Creekmore
- Neurobiology of Nutrition and Metabolism Department, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, CA, United States
| | - Solomiia Kramar
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Halyna Loi
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Jerome Roncalli
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.,Department of Cardiology, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Sokhna Keita
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Helene Tronchere
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Oksana Kunduzova
- National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1297, Toulouse, France.,Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
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39
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Aluja D, Delgado-Tomás S, Ruiz-Meana M, Barrabés JA, Inserte J. Calpains as Potential Therapeutic Targets for Myocardial Hypertrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084103. [PMID: 35456920 PMCID: PMC9032729 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in its treatment, heart failure remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality, evidencing an urgent need for novel mechanism-based targets and strategies. Myocardial hypertrophy, caused by a wide variety of chronic stress stimuli, represents an independent risk factor for the development of heart failure, and its prevention constitutes a clinical objective. Recent studies performed in preclinical animal models support the contribution of the Ca2+-dependent cysteine proteases calpains in regulating the hypertrophic process and highlight the feasibility of their long-term inhibition as a pharmacological strategy. In this review, we discuss the existing evidence implicating calpains in the development of cardiac hypertrophy, as well as the latest advances in unraveling the underlying mechanisms. Finally, we provide an updated overview of calpain inhibitors that have been explored in preclinical models of cardiac hypertrophy and the progress made in developing new compounds that may serve for testing the efficacy of calpain inhibition in the treatment of pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Aluja
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Sara Delgado-Tomás
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
| | - Marisol Ruiz-Meana
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José A. Barrabés
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Inserte
- Cardiovascular Diseases Research Group, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Passeig Vall d’Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain; (D.A.); (S.D.-T.); (M.R.-M.); (J.A.B.)
- Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-934894038
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40
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Cheng TC, Tabima DM, Caggiano LR, Frump AL, Hacker TA, Eickhoff JC, Lahm T, Chesler NC. Sex differences in right ventricular adaptation to pressure overload in a rat model. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2022; 132:888-901. [PMID: 35112927 PMCID: PMC8934674 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00175.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With severe right ventricular (RV) pressure overload, women demonstrate better clinical outcomes compared with men. The mechanoenergetic mechanisms underlying this protective effect, and their dependence on female endogenous sex hormones, remain unknown. To investigate these mechanisms and their impact on RV systolic and diastolic functional adaptation, we created comparable pressure overload via pulmonary artery banding (PAB) in intact male and female Wistar rats and ovariectomized (OVX) female rats. At 8 wk after surgery, right heart catheterization demonstrated increased RV energy input [indexed pressure-volume area (iPVA)] in all PAB groups, with the greatest increase in intact females. PAB also increased RV energy output [indexed stroke or external work (iEW)] in all groups, again with the greatest increase in intact females. In contrast, PAB only increased RV contractility-indexed end-systolic elastance (iEes)] in females. Despite these sex-dependent differences, no statistically significant effects were observed in the ratio of RV energy output to input (mechanical efficiency) or in mechanoenergetic cost to pump blood with pressure overload. These metrics were similarly unaffected by loss of endogenous sex hormones in females. Also, despite sex-dependent differences in collagen content and organization with pressure overload, decreases in RV compliance and relaxation time constant (tau Weiss) were not determined to be sex dependent. Overall, despite sex-dependent differences in RV contractile and fibrotic responses, RV mechanoenergetics for this degree and duration of pressure overload are comparable between sexes and suggest a homeostatic target.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sex differences in right ventricular mechanical efficiency and energetic adaptation to increased right ventricular afterload were measured. Despite sex-dependent differences in contractile and fibrotic responses, right ventricular mechanoenergetic adaptation was comparable between the sexes, suggesting a homeostatic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tik-Chee Cheng
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Diana M. Tabima
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Laura R. Caggiano
- 2University of California, Irvine Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, Irvine, California
| | - Andrea L. Frump
- 3Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Timothy A. Hacker
- 4Cardiovascular Physiology Core Facility, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Jens C. Eickhoff
- 5Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Tim Lahm
- 3Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Occupational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,6Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado,7Richard L. Roudebush Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Naomi C. Chesler
- 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin,2University of California, Irvine Edwards Lifesciences Foundation Cardiovascular Innovation and Research Center, Irvine, California,8Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, California
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41
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Cui YK, Hong YX, Wu WY, Han WM, Wu Y, Wu C, Li GR, Wang Y. Acacetin ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy by activating Sirt1/AMPK/PGC-1α pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 920:174858. [PMID: 35219729 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a major risk factor for developing heart failure. This study investigates the effects of the natural flavone acacetin on myocardial hypertrophy in cellular level and whole animals. In cardiomyocytes from neonatal rat with hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II (Ang II), acacetin at 0.3, 1, and 3 μM reduced the increased myocyte surface area, brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and ROS production by upregulating anti-oxidative molecules (i.e. Nrf2, SOD1, SOD2, HO-1), anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and downregulating the pro-apoptotic protein Bax and the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, acacetin rescued Ang II-induced impairment of PGC-1α, PPARα and pAMPK. These beneficial effects of acacetin were mediated by activation of Sirt1, which was confirmed in cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aorta constriction (AAC) in SD rats. Acacetin prodrug (10 mg/kg, s.c., b.i.d.) treatment reduced the elevated artery blood pressure, improved the increased heart size and thickness of left ventricular wall and the ventricular fibrosis associated with inhibiting myocardial fibrosis and BNP, and reversed the impaired protective signal molecules including PGC-1α, Nrf2, PPARα, pAMPK and Sirt1 of left ventricular tissue. Our results demonstrate the novel pharmacological effect that acacetin ameliorates cardiac hypertrophy via Sirt1-mediated activation of AMPK/PGC-1α signal molecules followed by reducing oxidation, inflammation and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Kai Cui
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China
| | - Yi-Xiang Hong
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China
| | - Wei-Yin Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China
| | - Wei-Min Han
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China
| | - Chan Wu
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China
| | - Gui-Rong Li
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China; Nanjing Amazigh Pharma Limited, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210032, China.
| | - Yan Wang
- Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361009, China.
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42
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Abdullah CS, Aishwarya R, Morshed M, Remex NS, Miriyala S, Panchatcharam M, Bhuiyan MS. Monitoring Mitochondrial Morphology and Respiration in Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiomyopathy. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2497:207-220. [PMID: 35771444 PMCID: PMC11118012 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2309-1_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiomyopathy constitutes dose-dependent cardiac toxicity, culminating in fatal heart failure progression. Cardiac toxicity limits effective and subsequent use of DOX in chemotherapy regimens in pediatric, adult, and recurrent cancer patients. DOX-induced profound alterations in mitochondrial morphology, dynamics, and defects in mitochondrial energy metabolism in the heart comprise key stressors in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Hence, the discovery of novel molecular targets and therapeutics to mitigate DOX-induced mitochondrial dysfunctions are imperative. Herein, we provided two laboratory protocols to monitor DOX-induced alterations in mitochondrial morphology and respiration in isolated primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes are extensively used to monitor signaling mechanisms regulating cardiomyopathy in vitro. Therefore, these protocols will help researchers study the effects of novel pharmacological and genetic manipulations against DOX-induced alterations in mitochondrial morphology and energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chowdhury S Abdullah
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Richa Aishwarya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Mahboob Morshed
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Naznin Sultana Remex
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Sumitra Miriyala
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Manikandan Panchatcharam
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Md Shenuarin Bhuiyan
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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43
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Bhullar S, Shah A, Dhalla N. Mechanisms for the development of heart failure and improvement of cardiac function by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. SCRIPTA MEDICA 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/scriptamed53-36256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, which prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, are well-known for the treatments of cardiovascular diseases, such as heart failure, hypertension and acute coronary syndrome. Several of these inhibitors including captopril, enalapril, ramipril, zofenopril and imidapril attenuate vasoconstriction, cardiac hypertrophy and adverse cardiac remodeling, improve clinical outcomes in patients with cardiac dysfunction and decrease mortality. Extensive experimental and clinical research over the past 35 years has revealed that the beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors in heart failure are associated with full or partial prevention of adverse cardiac remodeling. Since cardiac function is mainly determined by coordinated activities of different subcellular organelles, including sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and myofibrils, for regulating the intracellular concentration of Ca2+ and myocardial metabolism, there is ample evidence to suggest that adverse cardiac remodelling and cardiac dysfunction in the failing heart are the consequence of subcellular defects. In fact, the improvement of cardiac function by different ACE inhibitors has been demonstrated to be related to the attenuation of abnormalities in subcellular organelles for Ca2+-handling, metabolic alterations, signal transduction defects and gene expression changes in failing cardiomyocytes. Various ACE inhibitors have also been shown to delay the progression of heart failure by reducing the formation of angiotensin II, the development of oxidative stress, the level of inflammatory cytokines and the occurrence of subcellular defects. These observations support the view that ACE inhibitors improve cardiac function in the failing heart by multiple mechanisms including the reduction of oxidative stress, myocardial inflammation and Ca2+-handling abnormalities in cardiomyocytes.
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44
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Pathophysiology of heart failure and an overview of therapies. Cardiovasc Pathol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822224-9.00025-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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45
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Hung CS, Chang YY, Tsai CH, Liao CW, Peng SY, Lee BC, Pan CT, Wu XM, Chen ZW, Wu VC, Wan CH, Young MJ, Chou CH, Lin YH. Aldosterone suppresses cardiac mitochondria. Transl Res 2022; 239:58-70. [PMID: 34411778 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Elevated serum aldosterone promotes arterial hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and diastolic dysfunction. However, the effect of elevated aldosterone levels on cardiac mitochondria remains unclear. We used primary cultures of mouse cardiomyocytes to determine whether aldosterone has direct effects on cardiomyocyte mitochondria, and aldosterone-infused mice as a preclinical model to evaluate the impact of aldosterone in vivo. We show that aldosterone suppressed mtDNA copy number and SOD2 expression via the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)-dependent regulation of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in primary mouse cardiomyocytes. Aldosterone suppressed cardiac mitochondria adenosine triphosphate production, which was rescued by N-acetylcysteine. Aldosterone infusion for 4 weeks in mice suppressed the number of cardiac mitochondria, mtDNA copy number, and SOD2 protein expression. MR blockade by eplerenone or the administration of N-acetylcysteine prevented aldosterone-induced cardiac mitochondrial damage in vivo. Similarly, patients with primary aldosteronism had a lower plasma leukocyte mtDNA copy number. Plasma leukocyte mtDNA copy number was positively correlated with 24-hour urinary aldosterone level and left ventricular mass index. In conclusion, aldosterone suppresses cardiac mitochondria in vivo and directly via MR activation of ROS pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Sheng Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Yi-Yao Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Jinshan Branch, New Taipei City , Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Che-Wei Liao
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan, University Cancer Center, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Shih-Yuan Peng
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Bo-Ching Lee
- Department of Medical Imaging, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Chien-Ting Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Xue-Ming Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taoyuan General Hospital, University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taoyuan City, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Zheng-Wei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yun-Lin Branch, Yun-Lin, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Vin-Cent Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Cho-Hua Wan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
| | - Morag J Young
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Prahran, Australia.
| | - Chia-Hung Chou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Hung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.).
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Multi-Omics Approach Profiling Metabolic Remodeling in Early Systolic Dysfunction and in Overt Systolic Heart Failure. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010235. [PMID: 35008662 PMCID: PMC8745344 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic remodeling plays an important role in the pathophysiology of heart failure (HF). We sought to characterize metabolic remodeling and implicated signaling pathways in two rat models of early systolic dysfunction (MOD), and overt systolic HF (SHF). Tandem mass tag-labeled shotgun proteomics, phospho-(p)-proteomics, and non-targeted metabolomics analyses were performed in left ventricular myocardium tissue from Sham, MOD, and SHF using liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, n = 3 biological samples per group. Mitochondrial proteins were predominantly down-regulated in MOD (125) and SHF (328) vs. Sham. Of these, 82% (103/125) and 66% (218/328) were involved in metabolism and respiration. Oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, Krebs cycle, branched-chain amino acids, and amino acid (glutamine and tryptophan) degradation were highly enriched metabolic pathways that decreased in SHF > MOD. Glycogen and glucose degradation increased predominantly in MOD, whereas glycolysis and pyruvate metabolism decreased predominantly in SHF. PKA signaling at the endoplasmic reticulum–mt interface was attenuated in MOD, whereas overall PKA and AMPK cellular signaling were attenuated in SHF vs. Sham. In conclusion, metabolic remodeling plays an important role in myocardial remodeling. PKA and AMPK signaling crosstalk governs metabolic remodeling in progression to SHF.
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Neres-Santos RS, Junho CVC, Panico K, Caio-Silva W, Pieretti JC, Tamashiro JA, Seabra AB, Ribeiro CAJ, Carneiro-Ramos MS. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiorenal Syndrome 3: Renocardiac Effect of Vitamin C. Cells 2021; 10:3029. [PMID: 34831251 PMCID: PMC8616479 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a pathological link between the kidneys and heart, in which an insult in a kidney or heart leads the other organ to incur damage. CRS is classified into five subtypes, and type 3 (CRS3) is characterized by acute kidney injury as a precursor to subsequent cardiovascular changes. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative and nitrosative stress have been reported in the pathophysiology of CRS3. It is known that vitamin C, an antioxidant, has proven protective capacity for cardiac, renal, and vascular endothelial tissues. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess whether vitamin C provides protection to heart and the kidneys in an in vivo CRS3 model. The unilateral renal ischemia and reperfusion (IR) protocol was performed for 60 min in the left kidney of adult mice, with and without vitamin C treatment, immediately after IR or 15 days after IR. Kidneys and hearts were subsequently collected, and the following analyses were conducted: renal morphometric evaluation, serum urea and creatinine levels, high-resolution respirometry, amperometry technique for NO measurement, gene expression of mitochondrial dynamic markers, and NOS. The analyses showed that the left kidney weight was reduced, urea and creatinine levels were increased, mitochondrial oxygen consumption was reduced, NO levels were elevated, and Mfn2 expression was reduced after 15 days of IR compared to the sham group. Oxygen consumption and NO levels in the heart were also reduced. The treatment with vitamin C preserved the left kidney weight, restored renal function, reduced NO levels, decreased iNOS expression, elevated constitutive NOS isoforms, and improved oxygen consumption. In the heart, oxygen consumption and NO levels were improved after vitamin C treatment, whereas the three NOS isoforms were overexpressed. These data indicate that vitamin C provides protection to the kidneys and some beneficial effects to the heart after IR, indicating it may be a preventive approach against cardiorenal insults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Silva Neres-Santos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.S.N.-S.); (C.V.C.J.); (K.P.); (W.C.-S.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Carolina Victoria Cruz Junho
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.S.N.-S.); (C.V.C.J.); (K.P.); (W.C.-S.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Karine Panico
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.S.N.-S.); (C.V.C.J.); (K.P.); (W.C.-S.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Wellington Caio-Silva
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.S.N.-S.); (C.V.C.J.); (K.P.); (W.C.-S.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Joana Claudio Pieretti
- Laboratory BioNanoMetals, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (J.C.P.); (A.B.S.)
| | - Juliana Almeida Tamashiro
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.S.N.-S.); (C.V.C.J.); (K.P.); (W.C.-S.); (J.A.T.)
| | - Amedea Barozzi Seabra
- Laboratory BioNanoMetals, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (J.C.P.); (A.B.S.)
| | | | - Marcela Sorelli Carneiro-Ramos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Immunology, Center of Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; (R.S.N.-S.); (C.V.C.J.); (K.P.); (W.C.-S.); (J.A.T.)
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Metformin Prevents Low-dose Isoproterenol-induced Cardiac Dilatation and Systolic Dysfunction in Male Sprague-Dawley Rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2021; 79:289-295. [PMID: 34775423 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Myocardial metabolic abnormalities are well recognized alterations in chronic heart failure, effects that may contribute to progressive cardiac dysfunction. However, whether metabolic alterations in-part mediate their deleterious effects by modifying the chronic impact of excess low dose sympathetic stimulation on cardiac chamber dilatation, is uncertain. We therefore aimed to determine the effect of metformin administration on cardiac function and mitochondrial architectural changes in a rat model of chronic sympathetic-induced left ventricular (LV) remodeling and systolic dysfunction (daily subcutaneous isoproterenol [ISO] injection at a low-dose of 0.02 mg/kg for 7 months). Echocardiography was used to assess in vivo LV dimensions and function, and mitochondrial and myofibril arrangement was assessed using transmission electron microscopy. 7 months of low-dose ISO administration increased left ventricular diastolic diameter (in mm) (CONT: 7.29±0.19 vs. ISO: 8.76±0.21; p=0.001), an effect that was attenuated by metformin (ISO+MET: 7.63±0.29 vs ISO: p=0.001) administration. Similarly, ISO increased LV end systolic diameter (CONT: 4.43±0.16 vs ISO: 5.49±0.16: p<0.0001) an effect prevented by metformin (ISO+MET: 4.04±0.25 vs. ISO: p<0.0001). Moreover, chronic ISO administration reduced LV endocardial fractional shortening (p=0.0001), midwall fractional shortening (p=0.0001) and ejection fraction (p=0.0001), effects similarly prevented by metformin administration. Furthermore, changes in mitochondrial arrangement and relative mitochondrial area (CONT: 37.7±2.2 vs. ISO: 28.1±2.9; p=0.05) were produced by ISO administration, effects prevented by metformin. In conclusion, metformin offers cardiac protection against chronic sympathetic-induced LV dilatation and systolic dysfunction. These data support a role for myocardial metabolic changes in mediating LV dilatation and LV dysfunction produced by chronic neurohumoral activation in cardiac disease.
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Ciccarelli M, Dawson D, Falcao-Pires I, Giacca M, Hamdani N, Heymans S, Hooghiemstra A, Leeuwis A, Hermkens D, Tocchetti CG, van der Velden J, Zacchigna S, Thum T. Reciprocal organ interactions during heart failure: a position paper from the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function. Cardiovasc Res 2021; 117:2416-2433. [PMID: 33483724 PMCID: PMC8562335 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure-either with reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFrEF/HFpEF)-is a clinical syndrome of multifactorial and gender-dependent aetiology, indicating the insufficiency of the heart to pump blood adequately to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. Typical symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive fatigue with impaired exercise capacity, and peripheral oedema, thereby alluding to the fact that heart failure is a syndrome that affects multiple organ systems. Patients suffering from progressed heart failure have a very limited life expectancy, lower than that of numerous cancer types. In this position paper, we provide an overview regarding interactions between the heart and other organ systems, the clinical evidence, underlying mechanisms, potential available or yet-to-establish animal models to study such interactions and finally discuss potential new drug interventions to be developed in the future. Our working group suggests that more experimental research is required to understand the individual molecular mechanisms underlying heart failure and reinforces the urgency for tailored therapeutic interventions that target not only the heart but also other related affected organ systems to effectively treat heart failure as a clinical syndrome that affects and involves multiple organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Ciccarelli
- University of Salerno, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Via S. Allende 1, 84081, Baronissi(Salerno), Italy
| | - Dana Dawson
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2DZ, UK
| | - Inês Falcao-Pires
- Department of Surgery and Physiology, Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mauro Giacca
- King’s College London, Molecular Medicine Laboratory, 125 Caldharbour Lane, London WC2R2LS, United Kingdom
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34129 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Molecular Cardiology, Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Stéphane Heymans
- Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, Bus 911, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- ICIN-Netherlands Heart Institute, Holland Heart House, Moreelsepark 1, 3511 EP Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Astrid Hooghiemstra
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Humanities, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annebet Leeuwis
- Department of Neurology, Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorien Hermkens
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences and Interdepartmental Center of Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, De Boelelaan 1118, 1081HZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Strada di Fiume, 447, 34129 Trieste, Italy
- Cardiovascular Biology Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Padriciano, 99, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
- REBIRTH Center for Translational Regenerative Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Nicolai-Fuchs-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany
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Emerging Role of Mitophagy in the Heart: Therapeutic Potentials to Modulate Mitophagy in Cardiac Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3259963. [PMID: 34603595 PMCID: PMC8483925 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3259963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The normal function of the mitochondria is crucial for most tissues especially for those that demand a high energy supply. Emerging evidence has pointed out that healthy mitochondrial function is closely associated with normal heart function. When these processes fail to repair the damaged mitochondria, cells initiate a removal process referred to as mitophagy to clear away defective mitochondria. In cardiomyocytes, mitophagy is closely associated with metabolic activity, cell differentiation, apoptosis, and other physiological processes involved in major phenotypic alterations. Mitophagy alterations may contribute to detrimental or beneficial effects in a multitude of cardiac diseases, indicating potential clinical insights after a close understanding of the mechanisms. Here, we discuss the current opinions of mitophagy in the progression of cardiac diseases, such as ischemic heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and arrhythmia, and focus on the key molecules and related pathways involved in the regulation of mitophagy. We also discuss recently reported approaches targeting mitophagy in the therapy of cardiac diseases.
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