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Heaton AR, Burkard NJ, Sondel PM, Skala MC. Quantifying in vivo collagen reorganization during immunotherapy in murine melanoma with second harmonic generation imaging. BIOPHOTONICS DISCOVERY 2024; 1:015004. [PMID: 39011049 PMCID: PMC11247620 DOI: 10.1117/1.bios.1.1.015004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Significance Increased collagen linearization and deposition during tumorigenesis can impede immune cell infiltration and lead to tumor metastasis. Although melanoma is well studied in immunotherapy research, studies that quantify collagen changes during melanoma progression and treatment are lacking. Aim We aim to image in vivo collagen in preclinical melanoma models during immunotherapy and quantify the collagen phenotype in treated and control mice. Approach Second-harmonic generation imaging of collagen was performed in mouse melanoma tumors in vivo over a treatment time course. Animals were treated with a curative radiation and immunotherapy combination. Collagen morphology was quantified over time at an image and single-fiber level using CurveAlign and CT-FIRE software. Results In immunotherapy-treated mice, collagen was reorganized toward a healthy phenotype, including shorter, wider, curlier collagen fibers, with modestly higher collagen density. Temporally, collagen fiber straightness and length changed late in treatment (days 9 and 12), while width and density changed early (day 6) compared with control mice. Single-fiber collagen features calculated in CT-FIRE were the most sensitive to the changes among treatment groups compared with bulk collagen features. Conclusions Quantitative second-harmonic generation imaging can provide insight into collagen dynamics in vivo during immunotherapy, with key implications in improving immunotherapy response in melanoma and other cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa R. Heaton
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Human Oncology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Nathaniel J. Burkard
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Paul M. Sondel
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Human Oncology, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Pediatrics, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Melissa C. Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- University of Wisconsin, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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Heaton AR, Burkard NJ, Sondel PM, Skala MC. Quantifying in vivo collagen reorganization during immunotherapy in murine melanoma with second harmonic generation imaging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.09.566407. [PMID: 38014149 PMCID: PMC10680631 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.09.566407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Significance Increased collagen linearization and deposition during tumorigenesis can impede immune cell infiltration and lead to tumor metastasis. Although melanoma is well studied in immunotherapy research, studies that quantify collagen changes during melanoma progression and treatment are lacking. Aim Image in vivo collagen in preclinical melanoma models during immunotherapy and quantify the collagen phenotype in treated and control mice. Approach Second harmonic generation imaging of collagen was performed in mouse melanoma tumors in vivo over a treatment time-course. Animals were treated with a curative radiation and immunotherapy combination. Collagen morphology was quantified over time at an image and single fiber level using CurveAlign and CT-FIRE software. Results In immunotherapy-treated mice, collagen reorganized toward a healthy phenotype, including shorter, wider, curlier collagen fibers, with modestly higher collagen density. Temporally, collagen fiber straightness and length changed late in treatment (Day 9 and 12) while width and density changed early (Day 6) compared to control mice. Single fiber level collagen analysis was most sensitive to the changes between treatment groups compared to image level analysis. Conclusions Quantitative second harmonic generation imaging can provide insight into collagen dynamics in vivo during immunotherapy, with key implications in improving immunotherapy response in melanoma and other cancers.
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Barroso M, Monaghan MG, Niesner R, Dmitriev RI. Probing organoid metabolism using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM): The next frontier of drug discovery and disease understanding. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 201:115081. [PMID: 37647987 PMCID: PMC10543546 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Organoid models have been used to address important questions in developmental and cancer biology, tissue repair, advanced modelling of disease and therapies, among other bioengineering applications. Such 3D microenvironmental models can investigate the regulation of cell metabolism, and provide key insights into the mechanisms at the basis of cell growth, differentiation, communication, interactions with the environment and cell death. Their accessibility and complexity, based on 3D spatial and temporal heterogeneity, make organoids suitable for the application of novel, dynamic imaging microscopy methods, such as fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and related decay time-assessing readouts. Several biomarkers and assays have been proposed to study cell metabolism by FLIM in various organoid models. Herein, we present an expert-opinion discussion on the principles of FLIM and PLIM, instrumentation and data collection and analysis protocols, and general and emerging biosensor-based approaches, to highlight the pioneering work being performed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Michael G Monaghan
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing and Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 02, Ireland
| | - Raluca Niesner
- Dynamic and Functional In Vivo Imaging, Freie Universität Berlin and Biophysical Analytics, German Rheumatism Research Center, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium; Ghent Light Microscopy Core, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Debruyne AC, Okkelman IA, Dmitriev RI. Balance between the cell viability and death in 3D. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2023; 144:55-66. [PMID: 36117019 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cell death is a phenomenon, frequently perceived as an absolute event for cell, tissue and the organ. However, the rising popularity and complexity of such 3D multicellular 'tissue building blocks' as heterocellular spheroids, organoids, and 'assembloids' prompts to revise the definition and quantification of cell viability and death. It raises several questions on the overall viability of all the cells within 3D volume and on choosing the appropriate, continuous, and non-destructive viability assay enabling for a single-cell analysis. In this review, we look at cell viability and cell death modalities with attention to the intrinsic features of such 3D models as spheroids, organoids, and bioprints. Furthermore, we look at emerging and promising methodologies, which can help define and understand the balance between cell viability and death in dynamic and complex 3D environments. We conclude that the recent innovations in biofabrication, biosensor probe development, and fluorescence microscopy can help answer these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C Debruyne
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Irina A Okkelman
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent 9000, Belgium.
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Conway JRW, Warren SC, Lee YK, McCulloch AT, Magenau A, Lee V, Metcalf XL, Stoehr J, Haigh K, Abdulkhalek L, Guaman CS, Reed DA, Murphy KJ, Pereira BA, Mélénec P, Chambers C, Latham SL, Lenthall H, Deenick EK, Ma Y, Phan T, Lim E, Joshua AM, Walters S, Grey ST, Shi YC, Zhang L, Herzog H, Croucher DR, Philp A, Scheele CLGJ, Herrmann D, Sansom OJ, Morton JP, Papa A, Haigh JJ, Nobis M, Timpson P. Monitoring AKT activity and targeting in live tissue and disease contexts using a real-time Akt-FRET biosensor mouse. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf9063. [PMID: 37126544 PMCID: PMC10132756 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf9063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aberrant AKT activation occurs in a number of cancers, metabolic syndrome, and immune disorders, making it an important target for the treatment of many diseases. To monitor spatial and temporal AKT activity in a live setting, we generated an Akt-FRET biosensor mouse that allows longitudinal assessment of AKT activity using intravital imaging in conjunction with image stabilization and optical window technology. We demonstrate the sensitivity of the Akt-FRET biosensor mouse using various cancer models and verify its suitability to monitor response to drug targeting in spheroid and organotypic models. We also show that the dynamics of AKT activation can be monitored in real time in diverse tissues, including in individual islets of the pancreas, in the brown and white adipose tissue, and in the skeletal muscle. Thus, the Akt-FRET biosensor mouse provides an important tool to study AKT dynamics in live tissue contexts and has broad preclinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R W Conway
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sean C Warren
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Young-Kyung Lee
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andrew T McCulloch
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Randwick Clinical Campus, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Astrid Magenau
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Victoria Lee
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Xanthe L Metcalf
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Janett Stoehr
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Katharina Haigh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Lea Abdulkhalek
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Cristian S Guaman
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Daniel A Reed
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kendelle J Murphy
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Brooke A Pereira
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Pauline Mélénec
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Cecilia Chambers
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sharissa L Latham
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Helen Lenthall
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Elissa K Deenick
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yuanqing Ma
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Tri Phan
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Elgene Lim
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Anthony M Joshua
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Stacey Walters
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Yan-Chuan Shi
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Lei Zhang
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Herbert Herzog
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David R Croucher
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andy Philp
- School of Clinical Medicine, Randwick Clinical Campus, UNSW Sydney, Centre for Healthy Ageing, Centenary Institute, Missenden Road, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Colinda L G J Scheele
- Laboratory for Intravital Imaging and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Herrmann
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G611BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G611QH, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow G611BD, UK
- School of Cancer Sciences, Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G611QH, UK
| | - Antonella Papa
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jody J Haigh
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
- CancerCare Manitoba Research Institute, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Max Nobis
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Laboratory for Intravital Imaging and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Intravital Imaging Expertise Center, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
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Heaton AR, Rehani PR, Hoefges A, Lopez AF, Erbe AK, Sondel PM, Skala MC. Single cell metabolic imaging of tumor and immune cells in vivo in melanoma bearing mice. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1110503. [PMID: 37020875 PMCID: PMC10067577 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1110503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic reprogramming of cancer and immune cells occurs during tumorigenesis and has a significant impact on cancer progression. Unfortunately, current techniques to measure tumor and immune cell metabolism require sample destruction and/or cell isolations that remove the spatial context. Two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) of the autofluorescent metabolic coenzymes nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) (NAD(P)H) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) provides in vivo images of cell metabolism at a single cell level. Methods Here, we report an immunocompetent mCherry reporter mouse model for immune cells that express CD4 either during differentiation or CD4 and/or CD8 in their mature state and perform in vivo imaging of immune and cancer cells within a syngeneic B78 melanoma model. We also report an algorithm for single cell segmentation of mCherry-expressing immune cells within in vivo images. Results We found that immune cells within B78 tumors exhibited decreased FAD mean lifetime and an increased proportion of bound FAD compared to immune cells within spleens. Tumor infiltrating immune cell size also increased compared to immune cells from spleens. These changes are consistent with a shift towards increased activation and proliferation in tumor infiltrating immune cells compared to immune cells from spleens. Tumor infiltrating immune cells exhibited increased FAD mean lifetime and increased protein-bound FAD lifetime compared to B78 tumor cells within the same tumor. Single cell metabolic heterogeneity was observed in both immune and tumor cells in vivo. Discussion This approach can be used to monitor single cell metabolic heterogeneity in tumor cells and immune cells to study promising treatments for cancer in the native in vivo context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexa R. Heaton
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Peter R. Rehani
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Anna Hoefges
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Angelica F. Lopez
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amy K. Erbe
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul M. Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Melissa C. Skala
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States
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Scheele CLGJ, Herrmann D, Yamashita E, Celso CL, Jenne CN, Oktay MH, Entenberg D, Friedl P, Weigert R, Meijboom FLB, Ishii M, Timpson P, van Rheenen J. Multiphoton intravital microscopy of rodents. NATURE REVIEWS. METHODS PRIMERS 2022; 2:89. [PMID: 37621948 PMCID: PMC10449057 DOI: 10.1038/s43586-022-00168-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Tissues are heterogeneous with respect to cellular and non-cellular components and in the dynamic interactions between these elements. To study the behaviour and fate of individual cells in these complex tissues, intravital microscopy (IVM) techniques such as multiphoton microscopy have been developed to visualize intact and live tissues at cellular and subcellular resolution. IVM experiments have revealed unique insights into the dynamic interplay between different cell types and their local environment, and how this drives morphogenesis and homeostasis of tissues, inflammation and immune responses, and the development of various diseases. This Primer introduces researchers to IVM technologies, with a focus on multiphoton microscopy of rodents, and discusses challenges, solutions and practical tips on how to perform IVM. To illustrate the unique potential of IVM, several examples of results are highlighted. Finally, we discuss data reproducibility and how to handle big imaging data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colinda L. G. J. Scheele
- Laboratory for Intravital Imaging and Dynamics of Tumor Progression, VIB Center for Cancer Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - David Herrmann
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Department, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Erika Yamashita
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Cristina Lo Celso
- Department of Life Sciences and Centre for Hematology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Sir Francis Crick Institute, London, UK
| | - Craig N. Jenne
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maja H. Oktay
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - David Entenberg
- Department of Pathology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Gruss-Lipper Biophotonics Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Integrated Imaging Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Peter Friedl
- Department of Cell Biology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- David H. Koch Center for Applied Genitourinary Cancers, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Roberto Weigert
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Franck L. B. Meijboom
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Sustainable Animal Stewardship, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Faculty of Humanities, Ethics Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Masaru Ishii
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine and Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- WPI-Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Bioimaging and Drug Discovery, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Paul Timpson
- Cancer Ecosystems Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Department, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent’s Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Schneckenburger H. Lasers in Live Cell Microscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095015. [PMID: 35563406 PMCID: PMC9102032 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their unique properties—coherent radiation, diffraction limited focusing, low spectral bandwidth and in many cases short light pulses—lasers play an increasing role in live cell microscopy. Lasers are indispensable tools in 3D microscopy, e.g., confocal, light sheet or total internal reflection microscopy, as well as in super-resolution microscopy using wide-field or confocal methods. Further techniques, e.g., spectral imaging or fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) often depend on the well-defined spectral or temporal properties of lasers. Furthermore, laser microbeams are used increasingly for optical tweezers or micromanipulation of cells. Three exemplary laser applications in live cell biology are outlined. They include fluorescence diagnosis, in particular in combination with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET), photodynamic therapy as well as laser-assisted optoporation, and demonstrate the potential of lasers in cell biology and—more generally—in biomedicine.
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Ichise H, Tsukamoto S, Hirashima T, Konishi Y, Oki C, Tsukiji S, Iwano S, Miyawaki A, Sumiyama K, Terai K, Matsuda M. Functional visualization of NK Cell-mediated killing of metastatic single tumor cells. eLife 2022; 11:76269. [PMID: 35113018 PMCID: PMC8849286 DOI: 10.7554/elife.76269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells lyse invading tumor cells to limit metastatic growth in the lung, but how some cancers evade this host protective mechanism to establish a growing lesion is unknown. Here, we have combined ultra-sensitive bioluminescence imaging with intravital two-photon microscopy involving genetically encoded biosensors to examine this question. NK cells eliminated disseminated tumor cells from the lung within 24 hr of arrival, but not thereafter. Intravital dynamic imaging revealed that 50% of NK-tumor cell encounters lead to tumor cell death in the first 4 hr after tumor cell arrival, but after 24 hr of arrival, nearly 100% of the interactions result in the survival of the tumor cell. During this 24-hr period, the probability of ERK activation in NK cells upon encountering the tumor cells was decreased from 68% to 8%, which correlated with the loss of the activating ligand CD155/PVR/Necl5 from the tumor cell surface. Thus, by quantitatively visualizing, the NK-tumor cell interaction at the early stage of metastasis, we have revealed the crucial parameters of NK cell immune surveillance in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ichise
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shoko Tsukamoto
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirashima
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Konishi
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Choji Oki
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shinya Tsukiji
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwano
- Brain Science Institute, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyawaki
- Brain Science Institute, Center for Brain Science,, RIKEN, Wako, Japan
| | - Kenta Sumiyama
- Laboratory for Mouse Genetic Engineering, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Japan
| | - Kenta Terai
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseasesv Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Michiyuki Matsuda
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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10
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Floerchinger A, Murphy KJ, Latham SL, Warren SC, McCulloch AT, Lee YK, Stoehr J, Mélénec P, Guaman CS, Metcalf XL, Lee V, Zaratzian A, Da Silva A, Tayao M, Rolo S, Phimmachanh M, Sultani G, McDonald L, Mason SM, Ferrari N, Ooms LM, Johnsson AKE, Spence HJ, Olson MF, Machesky LM, Sansom OJ, Morton JP, Mitchell CA, Samuel MS, Croucher DR, Welch HCE, Blyth K, Caldon CE, Herrmann D, Anderson KI, Timpson P, Nobis M. Optimizing metastatic-cascade-dependent Rac1 targeting in breast cancer: Guidance using optical window intravital FRET imaging. Cell Rep 2021; 36:109689. [PMID: 34525350 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing drug response within live native tissue provides increased fidelity with regards to optimizing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. Here, using longitudinal intravital imaging of a Rac1-Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor mouse coupled with in vivo photoswitching to track intratumoral movement, we help guide treatment scheduling in a live breast cancer setting to impair metastatic progression. We uncover altered Rac1 activity at the center versus invasive border of tumors and demonstrate enhanced Rac1 activity of cells in close proximity to live tumor vasculature using optical window imaging. We further reveal that Rac1 inhibition can enhance tumor cell vulnerability to fluid-flow-induced shear stress and therefore improves overall anti-metastatic response to therapy during transit to secondary sites such as the lung. Collectively, this study demonstrates the utility of single-cell intravital imaging in vivo to demonstrate that Rac1 inhibition can reduce tumor progression and metastases in an autochthonous setting to improve overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Floerchinger
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kendelle J Murphy
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sharissa L Latham
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sean C Warren
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andrew T McCulloch
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Young-Kyung Lee
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Janett Stoehr
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Pauline Mélénec
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Cris S Guaman
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Xanthe L Metcalf
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Victoria Lee
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Anaiis Zaratzian
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andrew Da Silva
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Tayao
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sonia Rolo
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Monica Phimmachanh
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ghazal Sultani
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Laura McDonald
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Susan M Mason
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Nicola Ferrari
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G111QH, UK
| | - Lisa M Ooms
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | | | - Heather J Spence
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Michael F Olson
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto ON, M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Laura M Machesky
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G111QH, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G111QH, UK
| | - Christina A Mitchell
- Cancer Program, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Michael S Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia; and the School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - David R Croucher
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Heidi C E Welch
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB223AT, UK
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G111QH, UK
| | - C Elizabeth Caldon
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kurt I Anderson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK; Francis Crick Institute, London NW11AT, UK
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
| | - Max Nobis
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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11
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Murphy KJ, Reed DA, Trpceski M, Herrmann D, Timpson P. Quantifying and visualising the nuances of cellular dynamics in vivo using intravital imaging. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 72:41-53. [PMID: 34091131 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intravital imaging is a powerful technology used to quantify and track dynamic changes in live cells and tissues within an intact environment. The ability to watch cell biology in real-time 'as it happens' has provided novel insight into tissue homeostasis, as well as disease initiation, progression and response to treatment. In this minireview, we highlight recent advances in the field of intravital microscopy, touching upon advances in awake versus anaesthesia-based approaches, as well as the integration of biosensors into intravital imaging. We also discuss current challenges that, in our opinion, need to be overcome to further advance the field of intravital imaging at the single-cell, subcellular and molecular resolution to reveal nuances of cell behaviour that can be targeted in complex disease settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendelle J Murphy
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Daniel A Reed
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Michael Trpceski
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research & The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Theme, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
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12
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Ouyang Y, Liu Y, Wang ZM, Liu Z, Wu M. FLIM as a Promising Tool for Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:133. [PMID: 34138374 PMCID: PMC8175610 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00653-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) has been rapidly developed over the past 30 years and widely applied in biomedical engineering. Recent progress in fluorophore-dyed probe design has widened the application prospects of fluorescence. Because fluorescence lifetime is sensitive to microenvironments and molecule alterations, FLIM is promising for the detection of pathological conditions. Current cancer-related FLIM applications can be divided into three main categories: (i) FLIM with autofluorescence molecules in or out of a cell, especially with reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, and flavin adenine dinucleotide for cellular metabolism research; (ii) FLIM with Förster resonance energy transfer for monitoring protein interactions; and (iii) FLIM with fluorophore-dyed probes for specific aberration detection. Advancements in nanomaterial production and efficient calculation systems, as well as novel cancer biomarker discoveries, have promoted FLIM optimization, offering more opportunities for medical research and applications to cancer diagnosis and treatment monitoring. This review summarizes cutting-edge researches from 2015 to 2020 on cancer-related FLIM applications and the potential of FLIM for future cancer diagnosis methods and anti-cancer therapy development. We also highlight current challenges and provide perspectives for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Ouyang
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Chinese Ministry of Health, The Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Central South University, A510a, Virtual University Building, Nanshan District, Southern District, High-tech Industrial Park, Yuehai Street, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of High-Performance Complex Manufacturing, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhiming M Wang
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongwen Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Minghua Wu
- Hunan Provincial Tumor Hospital and the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Key Laboratory for Super-Microstructure and Ultrafast Process, Central South University, 932 South Lushan Road, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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13
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Dmitriev RI, Intes X, Barroso MM. Luminescence lifetime imaging of three-dimensional biological objects. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:1-17. [PMID: 33961054 PMCID: PMC8126452 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.254763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A major focus of current biological studies is to fill the knowledge gaps between cell, tissue and organism scales. To this end, a wide array of contemporary optical analytical tools enable multiparameter quantitative imaging of live and fixed cells, three-dimensional (3D) systems, tissues, organs and organisms in the context of their complex spatiotemporal biological and molecular features. In particular, the modalities of luminescence lifetime imaging, comprising fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLI) and phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (PLIM), in synergy with Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) assays, provide a wealth of information. On the application side, the luminescence lifetime of endogenous molecules inside cells and tissues, overexpressed fluorescent protein fusion biosensor constructs or probes delivered externally provide molecular insights at multiple scales into protein-protein interaction networks, cellular metabolism, dynamics of molecular oxygen and hypoxia, physiologically important ions, and other physical and physiological parameters. Luminescence lifetime imaging offers a unique window into the physiological and structural environment of cells and tissues, enabling a new level of functional and molecular analysis in addition to providing 3D spatially resolved and longitudinal measurements that can range from microscopic to macroscopic scale. We provide an overview of luminescence lifetime imaging and summarize key biological applications from cells and tissues to organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruslan I. Dmitriev
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of
Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,
Ghent University, Ghent 9000,
Belgium
| | - Xavier Intes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Center for
Modeling, Simulation and Imaging for Medicine (CeMSIM),
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY
12180-3590, USA
| | - Margarida M. Barroso
- Department of Molecular and Cellular
Physiology, Albany Medical College,
Albany, NY 12208, USA
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14
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Heaster TM, Heaton AR, Sondel PM, Skala MC. Intravital Metabolic Autofluorescence Imaging Captures Macrophage Heterogeneity Across Normal and Cancerous Tissue. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:644648. [PMID: 33959597 PMCID: PMC8093439 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.644648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are dynamic immune cells that govern both normal tissue function and disease progression. However, standard methods to measure heterogeneity in macrophage function within tissues require tissue excision and fixation, which limits our understanding of diverse macrophage function in vivo. Two-photon microscopy of the endogenous metabolic co-enzymes NAD(P)H and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) (metabolic autofluorescence imaging) enables dynamic imaging of mouse models in vivo. Here, we demonstrate metabolic autofluorescence imaging to assess cell-level macrophage heterogeneity in response to normal and cancerous tissue microenvironments in vivo. NAD(P)H and FAD fluorescence intensities and lifetimes were measured for both tissue-resident macrophages in mouse ear dermis and tumor-associated macrophages in pancreatic flank tumors. Metabolic and spatial organization of macrophages were determined by performing metabolic autofluorescence imaging and single macrophage segmentation in mice engineered for macrophage-specific fluorescent protein expression. Tumor-associated macrophages exhibited decreased optical redox ratio [NAD(P)H divided by FAD intensity] compared to dermal macrophages, indicating that tumor-associated macrophages are more oxidized than dermal macrophages. The mean fluorescence lifetimes of NAD(P)H and FAD were longer in dermal macrophages than in tumor-associated macrophages, which reflects changes in NAD(P)H and FAD protein-binding activities. Dermal macrophages had greater heterogeneity in optical redox ratio, NAD(P)H mean lifetime, and FAD mean lifetime compared to tumor-associated macrophages. Similarly, standard markers of macrophage phenotype (CD206 and CD86) assessed by immunofluorescence revealed greater heterogeneity in dermal macrophages compared to tumor-associated macrophages. Ultimately, metabolic autofluorescence imaging provides a novel tool to assess tissue-specific macrophage behavior and cell-level heterogeneity in vivo in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany M. Heaster
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Alexa R. Heaton
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Paul M. Sondel
- Department of Human Oncology, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Melissa C. Skala
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI, United States
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15
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Dunn KW, Molitoris BA, Dagher PC. The Indiana O'Brien Center for Advanced Renal Microscopic Analysis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 320:F671-F682. [PMID: 33682441 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00007.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Indiana O'Brien Center for Advanced Microscopic Analysis is a National Institutes of Health (NIH) P30-funded research center dedicated to the development and dissemination of advanced methods of optical microscopy to support renal researchers throughout the world. The Indiana O'Brien Center was founded in 2002 as an NIH P-50 project with the original goal of helping researchers realize the potential of intravital multiphoton microscopy as a tool for understanding renal physiology and pathophysiology. The center has since expanded into the development and implementation of large-scale, high-content tissue cytometry. The advanced imaging capabilities of the center are made available to renal researchers worldwide via collaborations and a unique fellowship program. Center outreach is accomplished through an enrichment core that oversees a seminar series, an informational website, and a biennial workshop featuring hands-on training from members of the Indiana O'Brien Center and imaging experts from around the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth W Dunn
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Bruce A Molitoris
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Pierre C Dagher
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
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16
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Intravital Optical Imaging to Monitor Anti-Tumor Immunological Response in Preclinical Models. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-78338-9_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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17
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Nobis M, Herrmann D, Warren SC, Strathdee D, Cox TR, Anderson KI, Timpson P. Shedding new light on RhoA signalling as a drug target in vivo using a novel RhoA-FRET biosensor mouse. Small GTPases 2020; 11:240-247. [PMID: 29457531 PMCID: PMC7549666 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2018.1438024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase RhoA is a master regulator of signalling in cell-extracellular matrix interactions. RhoA signalling is critical to many cellular processes including migration, mechanotransduction, and is often disrupted in carcinogenesis. Investigating RhoA activity in a native tissue environment is challenging using conventional biochemical methods; we therefore developed a RhoA-FRET biosensor mouse, employing the adaptable nature of intravital imaging to a variety of settings. Mechanotransduction was explored in the context of osteocyte processes embedded in the calvaria responding in a directional manner to compression stress. Further, the migration of neutrophils was examined during in vivo "chemotaxis" in wound response. RhoA activity was tightly regulated during tissue remodelling in mammary gestation, as well as during mammary and pancreatic carcinogenesis. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of RhoA was temporally resolved by the use of optical imaging windows in fully developed pancreatic and mammary tumours in vivo. The RhoA-FRET mouse therefore constitutes a powerful tool to facilitate development of new inhibitors targeting the RhoA signalling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Nobis
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2010NSW, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2010NSW, Australia
| | - Sean C. Warren
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2010NSW, Australia
| | - Douglas Strathdee
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, GlasgowG611BD, UK
| | - Thomas R. Cox
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2010NSW, Australia
| | | | - Paul Timpson
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2010NSW, Australia
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18
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Cell matrix adhesion in cell migration. Essays Biochem 2020; 63:535-551. [PMID: 31444228 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of cells to migrate is a fundamental physiological process involved in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, immune surveillance and wound healing. In order for cells to migrate, they must interact with their environment using adhesion receptors, such as integrins, and form specialized adhesion complexes that mediate responses to different extracellular cues. In this review, we discuss the role of integrin adhesion complexes (IACs) in cell migration, highlighting the layers of regulation that are involved, including intracellular signalling cascades, mechanosensing and reciprocal feedback to the extracellular environment. We also discuss the role of IACs in extracellular matrix remodeling and how they impact upon cell migration.
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19
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Schmitz-Peiffer C. Deconstructing the Role of PKC Epsilon in Glucose Homeostasis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2020; 31:344-356. [PMID: 32305097 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2020.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The failure of insulin to suppress glucose production by the liver is a key aspect of the insulin resistance seen in type 2 diabetes. Lipid-activated protein kinase C epsilon has long been identified as an important mediator of diet-induced glucose intolerance and hepatic insulin resistance and the current view emphasizes a mechanism involving phosphorylation of the insulin receptor by the kinase to inhibit downstream insulin action. However, the significance of this direct effect in the liver has now been challenged by tissue-specific deletion of PKCε, which demonstrated a more prominent role for the kinase in adipose tissue to promote glucose intolerance. New insights regarding the role of PKCε therefore contribute to the understanding of indirect effects on hepatic glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten Schmitz-Peiffer
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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20
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Porazinski S, Parkin A, Pajic M. Rho-ROCK Signaling in Normal Physiology and as a Key Player in Shaping the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1223:99-127. [PMID: 32030687 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-35582-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The Rho-ROCK signaling network has a range of specialized functions of key biological importance, including control of essential developmental processes such as morphogenesis and physiological processes including homeostasis, immunity, and wound healing. Deregulation of Rho-ROCK signaling actively contributes to multiple pathological conditions, and plays a major role in cancer development and progression. This dynamic network is critical in modulating the intricate communication between tumor cells, surrounding diverse stromal cells and the matrix, shaping the ever-changing microenvironment of aggressive tumors. In this chapter, we overview the complex regulation of the Rho-ROCK signaling axis, its role in health and disease, and analyze progress made with key approaches targeting the Rho-ROCK pathway for therapeutic benefit. Finally, we conclude by outlining likely future trends and key questions in the field of Rho-ROCK research, in particular surrounding Rho-ROCK signaling within the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Porazinski
- Personalised Cancer Therapeutics Lab, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashleigh Parkin
- Personalised Cancer Therapeutics Lab, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marina Pajic
- Personalised Cancer Therapeutics Lab, The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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21
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Esposito A. How many photons are needed for FRET imaging? BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 11:1186-1202. [PMID: 32133242 PMCID: PMC7041441 DOI: 10.1364/boe.379305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) imaging is an essential analytical method in biomedical research. The limited photon-budget experimentally available, however, imposes compromises between spatiotemporal and biochemical resolutions, photodamage and phototoxicity. The study of photon-statistics in biochemical imaging is thus important in guiding the efficient design of instrumentation and assays. Here, we show a comparative analysis of photon-statistics in FRET imaging demonstrating how the precision of FRET imaging varies vastly with imaging parameters. Therefore, we provide analytical and numerical tools for assay optimization. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a very robust technique with excellent photon-efficiencies. However, we show that also intensity-based FRET imaging can reach high precision by utilizing information from both donor and acceptor fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Esposito
- MRC Cancer Unit, University of Cambridge, Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB20XY, UK
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22
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Vennin C, Rath N, Pajic M, Olson MF, Timpson P. Targeting ROCK activity to disrupt and prime pancreatic cancer for chemotherapy. Small GTPases 2020; 11:45-52. [PMID: 28972449 PMCID: PMC6959285 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2017.1345712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a devastating disease; the identification of novel targets and development of effective treatment strategies are urgently needed to improve patient outcomes. Remodeling of the pancreatic stroma occurs during PDAC development, which drives disease progression and impairs responses to therapy. The actomyosin regulatory ROCK1 and ROCK2 kinases govern cell motility and contractility, and have been suggested to be potential targets for cancer therapy, particularly to reduce the metastatic spread of tumor cells. However, ROCK inhibitors are not currently used for cancer patient treatment, largely due to the overwhelming challenge faced in the development of anti-metastatic drugs, and a lack of clarity as to the cancer types most likely to benefit from ROCK inhibitor therapy. In 2 recent publications, we discovered that ROCK1 and ROCK2 expression were increased in PDAC, and that increased ROCK activity was associated with reduced survival and PDAC progression by enabling extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and invasive growth of pancreatic cancer cells. We also used intravital imaging to optimize ROCK inhibition using the pharmacological ROCK inhibitor fasudil (HA-1077), and demonstrated that short-term ROCK targeting, or 'priming', improved chemotherapy efficacy, disrupted cancer cell collective movement, and impaired metastasis. This body of work strongly indicates that the use of ROCK inhibitors in pancreatic cancer therapy as 'priming' agents warrants further consideration, and provides insights as to how transient mechanical manipulation, or fine-tuning the ECM, rather than chronic stromal ablation might be beneficial for improving chemotherapeutic efficacy in the treatment of this deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Vennin
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia
| | - Nicola Rath
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Marina Pajic
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia
| | - Michael F. Olson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney Australia
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23
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Okkelman IA, Puschhof J, Papkovsky DB, Dmitriev RI. Visualization of Stem Cell Niche by Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2171:65-97. [PMID: 32705636 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0747-3_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), enabling live quantitative multiparametric analyses, is an emerging bioimaging approach in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. When combined with stem cell-derived intestinal organoid models, FLIM allows for tracing stem cells and monitoring of their proliferation, metabolic fluxes, and oxygenation. It is compatible with the use of live Matrigel-grown intestinal organoids produced from primary adult stem cells, crypts, and transgenic Lgr5-GFP mice. In this chapter we summarize available experimental protocols, imaging platforms (one- and two-photon excited FLIM, phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (PLIM)) and provide the anticipated data for FLIM imaging of the live intestinal organoids, focusing on labeling of cell proliferation, its colocalization with the stem cell niche, measured local oxygenation, autofluorescence, and some other parameters. The protocol is illustrated with examples of multiparameter imaging, employing spectral and "time domain"-based separation of dyes, probes, and assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Okkelman
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Jens Puschhof
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Oncode Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Dmitri B Papkovsky
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
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24
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Okkelman IA, Papkovsky DB, Dmitriev RI. Estimation of the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Using Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy. Cytometry A 2019; 97:471-482. [PMID: 31486581 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.23886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of cell metabolism represents an important application area for fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). In particular, assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in complex three-dimensional multicellular in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models would enable improved segmentation and functional discrimination of cell types, directly report on the mitochondrial function and complement the quenched-phosphorescence detection of cellular O2 and two-photon excited FLIM of endogenous NAD(P)H. Here, we report the green and orange-emitting fluorescent dyes SYTO and tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester (TMRM) as potential FLIM probes for MMP. In addition to nuclear, SYTO 16 and 24 dyes also display mitochondrial accumulation. FLIM with the culture of human colon cancer HCT116 cells allowed observation of the heterogeneity of mitochondrial polarization during the cell cycle progression. The dyes also demonstrated good performance with 3D cultures of Lgr5-GFP mouse intestinal organoids, providing efficient and quick cell staining and compatibility with two-photon excitation. Multiplexed imaging of Lgr5-GFP, proliferating cells (Hoechst 33342-aided FLIM), and TMRM-FLIM allowed us to identify the population of metabolically active cells in stem cell niche. TMRM-FLIM enabled to visualize the differences in membrane potential between Lgr5-positive and other proliferating and differentiated cell types. Altogether, SYTO 24 and TMRM dyes represent promising markers for advanced FLIM-based studies of cell bioenergetics with complex 3D and in vivo models. © 2019 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina A Okkelman
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Bioanalysis, ABCRF, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Dmitri B Papkovsky
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Bioanalysis, ABCRF, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- Laboratory of Biophysics and Bioanalysis, ABCRF, School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
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25
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Sirbu D, Luli S, Leslie J, Oakley F, Benniston AC. Enhanced in vivo Optical Imaging of the Inflammatory Response to Acute Liver Injury in C57BL/6 Mice Using a Highly Bright Near-Infrared BODIPY Dye. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:995-999. [PMID: 30920173 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Delving deeper is possible in whole-body in vivo imaging using a super-bright membrane-targeting BODIPY dye (BD). The dye was used to monitor homing of ex vivo fluorescently labelled neutrophils to an injured liver of dark-pigmented C57BL/6 mice. In vivo imaging system (IVIS) data conclusively showed an enhanced signal intensity and a higher signal-to-noise ratio in mice receiving neutrophils labelled with the BD dye relative to those labelled with a gold standard dye at 2 h post in vivo administration of fluorescently labelled cells. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) confirmed that BD is nontoxic, and an exceptional cell labelling dye that opens up precision deep-organ in vivo imaging of inflammation in mice routinely used for biomedical research. The origin of enhanced performance is identified with the molecular structure and the distinct localisation of the dye within cells that enable remarkable changes in its optical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dumitru Sirbu
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, Chemistry-School of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Saimir Luli
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institution of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institution of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Fiona Oakley
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Institution of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Andrew C Benniston
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, Chemistry-School of Natural & Environmental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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26
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Schneckenburger H, Weber P, Wagner M, Enderle S, Kalthof B, Schneider L, Herzog C, Weghuber J, Lanzerstorfer P. Combining TIR and FRET in Molecular Test Systems. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030648. [PMID: 30717378 PMCID: PMC6387052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical agents or drugs often have a pronounced impact on protein-protein interactions in cells, and in particular, cell membranes. Changes of molecular conformations as well as of intermolecular interactions may affect dipole-dipole interaction between chromophoric groups, which can be proven by measuring the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). If these chromophores are located within or in close proximity to the plasma membrane, they are excited preferentially by an evanescent electromagnetic wave upon total internal reflection (TIR) of an incident laser beam. For the TIR-FRET screening of larger cell collectives, we performed three separate steps: (1) setting up of a membrane associated test system for probing the interaction between the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and the growth factor receptor-bound protein 2; (2) use of the Epac-SH188 sensor for quantitative evaluation under the microscope; and (3) application of a TIR fluorescence reader to probe the interaction of GFP with Nile Red. In the first two steps, we measured FRET from cyan (CFP) to yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) by spectral analysis and fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) upon illumination of whole cells (epi-illumination) as well as selective illumination of their plasma membranes by TIR. In particular, TIR excitation permitted FRET measurements with high sensitivity and low background. The Epac sensor showed a more rapid response to pharmaceutical agents, e.g., Forskolin or the A2B adenosine receptor agonist NECA, in close proximity to the plasma membrane compared to the cytosol. Finally, FRET from a membrane associated GFP to Nile Red was used to test a multi-well TIR fluorescence reader with simultaneous detection of a larger number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Weber
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, 73430 Aalen, Germany.
| | - Michael Wagner
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, 73430 Aalen, Germany.
| | - Sandra Enderle
- Institute of Applied Research, Aalen University, 73430 Aalen, Germany.
| | - Bernd Kalthof
- Pharmaceutical Division, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Linn Schneider
- Pharmaceutical Division, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Claudia Herzog
- Pharmaceutical Division, Bayer AG, 42096 Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Julian Weghuber
- University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, 4600 Wels, Austria.
- Austrian Competence Center for Feed and Food Quality, Safety and Innovation, 4600 Wels, Austria.
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27
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Dunn KW, Day RN. Imaging cell biology and physiology in vivo using intravital microscopy. Methods 2018; 128:1-2. [PMID: 28911732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth W Dunn
- Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry, Research II, Suite E202, 950 W Walnut St, Indianapolis, United States
| | - Richard N Day
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive, MS 333, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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28
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Papkovsky DB, Dmitriev RI. Imaging of oxygen and hypoxia in cell and tissue samples. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:2963-2980. [PMID: 29761206 PMCID: PMC11105559 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen (O2) is a key player in cell mitochondrial function, redox balance and oxidative stress, normal tissue function and many common disease states. Various chemical, physical and biological methods have been proposed for measurement, real-time monitoring and imaging of O2 concentration, state of decreased O2 (hypoxia) and related parameters in cells and tissue. Here, we review the established and emerging optical microscopy techniques allowing to visualize O2 levels in cells and tissue samples, mostly under in vitro and ex vivo, but also under in vivo settings. Particular examples include fluorescent hypoxia stains, fluorescent protein reporter systems, phosphorescent probes and nanosensors of different types. These techniques allow high-resolution mapping of O2 gradients in live or post-mortem tissue, in 2D or 3D, qualitatively or quantitatively. They enable control and monitoring of oxygenation conditions and their correlation with other biomarkers of cell and tissue function. Comparison of these techniques and corresponding imaging setups, their analytical capabilities and typical applications are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri B Papkovsky
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cavanagh Pharmacy Building, College Road, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Ruslan I Dmitriev
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University College Cork, Cavanagh Pharmacy Building, College Road, Cork, Ireland.
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russian Federation.
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29
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Warren SC, Nobis M, Magenau A, Mohammed YH, Herrmann D, Moran I, Vennin C, Conway JR, Mélénec P, Cox TR, Wang Y, Morton JP, Welch HC, Strathdee D, Anderson KI, Phan TG, Roberts MS, Timpson P. Removing physiological motion from intravital and clinical functional imaging data. eLife 2018; 7:35800. [PMID: 29985127 PMCID: PMC6037484 DOI: 10.7554/elife.35800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravital microscopy can provide unique insights into the function of biological processes in a native context. However, physiological motion caused by peristalsis, respiration and the heartbeat can present a significant challenge, particularly for functional readouts such as fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), which require longer acquisition times to obtain a quantitative readout. Here, we present and benchmark Galene, a versatile multi-platform software tool for image-based correction of sample motion blurring in both time resolved and conventional laser scanning fluorescence microscopy data in two and three dimensions. We show that Galene is able to resolve intravital FLIM-FRET images of intra-abdominal organs in murine models and NADH autofluorescence of human dermal tissue imaging subject to a wide range of physiological motions. Thus, Galene can enable FLIM imaging in situations where a stable imaging platform is not always possible and rescue previously discarded quantitative imaging data. Understanding how molecules and cells behave in living animals can give researchers key insights into what goes wrong in diseases such as cancer, and how well potential treatments for these diseases work. A number of tools help us to see these processes. For example, fluorescent ‘biosensors’ change colour to tell us how active a particular protein is. This can indicate how well a drug works in different parts of a tumour. High resolution microscopy makes it possible to image events happening in single cells, or even specific parts of a cell. However, small movements like those due to the heartbeat or breathing can blur the images, making it difficult to study living animals. This is particularly problematic for images that take several minutes to capture. Warren et al. have now developed a new open source software tool called Galene. The tool can correct for small movements in images collected by a technique called fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM). As a result, clear images can be captured in situations that were not previously possible. For example, Warren et al. watched cancer cells migrating to the liver of a mouse from the spleen over 24 hours, and, using a fluorescent biosensor, showed that a repurposed drug interferes with how well the cells can attach to the liver. In addition, Warren et al. used the software to take steady 3D images of human skin in a volunteer’s arm, which could be used to study drug penetration. Galene could help researchers to study a wide range of biological processes in living animals. The software can also be applied to existing data to clean up blurred images. In the future Galene could be further developed to work with the imaging techniques used during surgery. For example, surgeons could use it to help them find the edges of tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean C Warren
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Astrid Magenau
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yousuf H Mohammed
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Imogen Moran
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Claire Vennin
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - James Rw Conway
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Pauline Mélénec
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Thomas R Cox
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yingxiao Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, United States
| | | | - Heidi Ce Welch
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kurt I Anderson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tri Giang Phan
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael S Roberts
- Therapeutics Research Centre, Diamantina Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia.,Therapeutics Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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30
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Conway JRW, Warren SC, Herrmann D, Murphy KJ, Cazet AS, Vennin C, Shearer RF, Killen MJ, Magenau A, Mélénec P, Pinese M, Nobis M, Zaratzian A, Boulghourjian A, Da Silva AM, Del Monte-Nieto G, Adam ASA, Harvey RP, Haigh JJ, Wang Y, Croucher DR, Sansom OJ, Pajic M, Caldon CE, Morton JP, Timpson P. Intravital Imaging to Monitor Therapeutic Response in Moving Hypoxic Regions Resistant to PI3K Pathway Targeting in Pancreatic Cancer. Cell Rep 2018; 23:3312-3326. [PMID: 29898401 PMCID: PMC6019737 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of advanced intravital imaging facilitates dynamic monitoring of pathway activity upon therapeutic inhibition. Here, we assess resistance to therapeutic inhibition of the PI3K pathway within the hypoxic microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and identify a phenomenon whereby pronounced hypoxia-induced resistance is observed for three clinically relevant inhibitors. To address this clinical problem, we have mapped tumor hypoxia by both immunofluorescence and phosphorescence lifetime imaging of oxygen-sensitive nanoparticles and demonstrate that these hypoxic regions move transiently around the tumor. To overlay this microenvironmental information with drug response, we applied a FRET biosensor for Akt activity, which is a key effector of the PI3K pathway. Performing dual intravital imaging of drug response in different tumor compartments, we demonstrate an improved drug response to a combination therapy using the dual mTORC1/2 inhibitor AZD2014 with the hypoxia-activated pro-drug TH-302.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R W Conway
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sean C Warren
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kendelle J Murphy
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Aurélie S Cazet
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Claire Vennin
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Robert F Shearer
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Monica J Killen
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Astrid Magenau
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Pauline Mélénec
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Mark Pinese
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Anaiis Zaratzian
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Alice Boulghourjian
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andrew M Da Silva
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Gonzalo Del Monte-Nieto
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Arne S A Adam
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Richard P Harvey
- St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Science, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2033, Australia
| | - Jody J Haigh
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Yingxiao Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - David R Croucher
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Marina Pajic
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - C Elizabeth Caldon
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Paul Timpson
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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31
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Nobis M, Warren SC, Lucas MC, Murphy KJ, Herrmann D, Timpson P. Molecular mobility and activity in an intravital imaging setting - implications for cancer progression and targeting. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/5/jcs206995. [PMID: 29511095 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.206995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mobility, localisation and spatiotemporal activity are at the core of cell biological processes and deregulation of these dynamic events can underpin disease development and progression. Recent advances in intravital imaging techniques in mice are providing new avenues to study real-time molecular behaviour in intact tissues within a live organism and to gain exciting insights into the intricate regulation of live cell biology at the microscale level. The monitoring of fluorescently labelled proteins and agents can be combined with autofluorescent properties of the microenvironment to provide a comprehensive snapshot of in vivo cell biology. In this Review, we summarise recent intravital microscopy approaches in mice, in processes ranging from normal development and homeostasis to disease progression and treatment in cancer, where we emphasise the utility of intravital imaging to observe dynamic and transient events in vivo We also highlight the recent integration of advanced subcellular imaging techniques into the intravital imaging pipeline, which can provide in-depth biological information beyond the single-cell level. We conclude with an outlook of ongoing developments in intravital microscopy towards imaging in humans, as well as provide an overview of the challenges the intravital imaging community currently faces and outline potential ways for overcoming these hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Nobis
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sean C Warren
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Morghan C Lucas
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kendelle J Murphy
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
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Mueller BJ, Zhdanov AV, Borisov SM, Foley T, Okkelman IA, Tsytsarev V, Tang Q, Erzurumlu RS, Chen Y, Zhang H, Toncelli C, Klimant I, Papkovsky DB, Dmitriev RI. Nanoparticle-based fluoroionophore for analysis of potassium ion dynamics in 3D tissue models and in vivo. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2018; 28:1704598. [PMID: 30271316 PMCID: PMC6157274 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201704598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The imaging of real-time fluxes of K+ ions in live cell with high dynamic range (5-150 mM) is of paramount importance for neuroscience and physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, kidney and other tissues. In particular, the research on high-performance deep-red fluorescent nanoparticle-based biosensors is highly anticipated. We found that BODIPY-based FI3 K+-sensitive fluoroionophore encapsulated in cationic polymer RL100 nanoparticles displays unusually strong efficiency in staining of broad spectrum of cell models, such as primary neurons and intestinal organoids. Using comparison of brightness, photostability and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) we confirmed that FI3 nanoparticles display distinctively superior intracellular staining compared to the free dye. We evaluated FI3 nanoparticles in real-time live cell imaging and found that it is highly useful for monitoring intra- and extracellular K+ dynamics in cultured neurons. Proof-of-concept in vivo brain imaging confirmed applicability of the biosensor for visualization of epileptic seizures. Collectively, this data makes fluoroionophore FI3 a versatile cross-platform fluorescent biosensor, broadly compatible with diverse experimental models and that crown ether-based polymer nanoparticles can provide a new venue for design of efficient fluorescent probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard J. Mueller
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander V. Zhdanov
- ABCRF, School of Biochemistry and Cell biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sergey M. Borisov
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Tara Foley
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Irina A. Okkelman
- ABCRF, School of Biochemistry and Cell biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Vassiliy Tsytsarev
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qinggong Tang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 20740 MD, USA
| | - Reha S. Erzurumlu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yu Chen
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, 20740 MD, USA
| | - Haijiang Zhang
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Claudio Toncelli
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Biomimetic Membranes and Textiles, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, CH-9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Ingo Klimant
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Dmitri B. Papkovsky
- ABCRF, School of Biochemistry and Cell biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ruslan I. Dmitriev
- ABCRF, School of Biochemistry and Cell biology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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33
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Boyle ST, Kular J, Nobis M, Ruszkiewicz A, Timpson P, Samuel MS. Acute compressive stress activates RHO/ROCK-mediated cellular processes. Small GTPases 2018; 11:354-370. [PMID: 29455593 PMCID: PMC7549670 DOI: 10.1080/21541248.2017.1413496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to rapidly respond to applied force underpins cell/tissue homeostasis. This response is mediated by mechanotransduction pathways that regulate remodeling and tension of the actomyosin cytoskeleton to counterbalance external forces. Enhanced extracellular matrix tension hyper-activates mechanotransduction and characterizes diseased states such as cancer, but is also required for normal epidermal regeneration. While the impact of extracellular matrix tension on signaling and cell biology are well appreciated, that of acute compressive force is under-studied. We show here that acute compressive force applied to cells and tissues in a native 3-dimensional context elevates RHOA-GTP levels and increases regulatory myosin phosphorylation, actomyosin contractility and tension via ROCK. In consequence, cell proliferation was increased, as was the expression of regulators of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Pharmacological inhibition of ROCK abrogated myosin phosphorylation, but not RHOA activation. Our results strongly suggest that acute compressive stress impairs cellular homeostasis in a RHO/ROCK-dependent manner, with implications for disease states such as cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah T Boyle
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Jasreen Kular
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Max Nobis
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre & Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St. Vincent's Clinical School , Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew Ruszkiewicz
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre & Garvan Institute of Medical Research and St. Vincent's Clinical School , Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael S Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia , Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Adelaide , Adelaide, Australia
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34
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Nobis M, Herrmann D, Warren SC, Kadir S, Leung W, Killen M, Magenau A, Stevenson D, Lucas MC, Reischmann N, Vennin C, Conway JRW, Boulghourjian A, Zaratzian A, Law AM, Gallego-Ortega D, Ormandy CJ, Walters SN, Grey ST, Bailey J, Chtanova T, Quinn JMW, Baldock PA, Croucher PI, Schwarz JP, Mrowinska A, Zhang L, Herzog H, Masedunskas A, Hardeman EC, Gunning PW, Del Monte-Nieto G, Harvey RP, Samuel MS, Pajic M, McGhee EJ, Johnsson AKE, Sansom OJ, Welch HCE, Morton JP, Strathdee D, Anderson KI, Timpson P. A RhoA-FRET Biosensor Mouse for Intravital Imaging in Normal Tissue Homeostasis and Disease Contexts. Cell Rep 2017; 21:274-288. [PMID: 28978480 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The small GTPase RhoA is involved in a variety of fundamental processes in normal tissue. Spatiotemporal control of RhoA is thought to govern mechanosensing, growth, and motility of cells, while its deregulation is associated with disease development. Here, we describe the generation of a RhoA-fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) biosensor mouse and its utility for monitoring real-time activity of RhoA in a variety of native tissues in vivo. We assess changes in RhoA activity during mechanosensing of osteocytes within the bone and during neutrophil migration. We also demonstrate spatiotemporal order of RhoA activity within crypt cells of the small intestine and during different stages of mammary gestation. Subsequently, we reveal co-option of RhoA activity in both invasive breast and pancreatic cancers, and we assess drug targeting in these disease settings, illustrating the potential for utilizing this mouse to study RhoA activity in vivo in real time.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Biosensing Techniques
- Bone and Bones/cytology
- Bone and Bones/metabolism
- Cell Movement/drug effects
- Dasatinib/pharmacology
- Erlotinib Hydrochloride/pharmacology
- Female
- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer/instrumentation
- Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer/methods
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Intestine, Small/metabolism
- Intestine, Small/ultrastructure
- Intravital Microscopy/instrumentation
- Intravital Microscopy/methods
- Mammary Glands, Animal/blood supply
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/ultrastructure
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/blood supply
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/genetics
- Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/ultrastructure
- Mechanotransduction, Cellular
- Mice
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neutrophils/metabolism
- Neutrophils/ultrastructure
- Osteocytes/metabolism
- Osteocytes/ultrastructure
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/blood supply
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/ultrastructure
- Time-Lapse Imaging/instrumentation
- Time-Lapse Imaging/methods
- rho GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics
- rho GTP-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- rhoA GTP-Binding Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Nobis
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sean C Warren
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Shereen Kadir
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Wilfred Leung
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Monica Killen
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Astrid Magenau
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Stevenson
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Morghan C Lucas
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Nadine Reischmann
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Claire Vennin
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - James R W Conway
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Alice Boulghourjian
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Anaiis Zaratzian
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andrew M Law
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Gallego-Ortega
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Christopher J Ormandy
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Stacey N Walters
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Shane T Grey
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Bailey
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Tatyana Chtanova
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Julian M W Quinn
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Paul A Baldock
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Peter I Croucher
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Juliane P Schwarz
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Agata Mrowinska
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Herbert Herzog
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Andrius Masedunskas
- Neuromuscular and Regenerative Medicine Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Edna C Hardeman
- Neuromuscular and Regenerative Medicine Unit, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Peter W Gunning
- Oncology Research Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Gonzalo Del Monte-Nieto
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Richard P Harvey
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia; St. Vincent's Clinical School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Michael S Samuel
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and University of South Australia School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Marina Pajic
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Ewan J McGhee
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | | | - Owen J Sansom
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Heidi C E Welch
- Signalling Programme, Babraham Institute, Cambridge CB223AT, UK
| | - Jennifer P Morton
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | - Douglas Strathdee
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Bearsden, Glasgow G611BD, UK
| | | | - Paul Timpson
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia.
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35
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Heinzmann K, Carter LM, Lewis JS, Aboagye EO. Multiplexed imaging for diagnosis and therapy. Nat Biomed Eng 2017; 1:697-713. [PMID: 31015673 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-017-0131-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Complex molecular and metabolic phenotypes depict cancers as a constellation of different diseases with common themes. Precision imaging of such phenotypes requires flexible and tunable modalities capable of identifying phenotypic fingerprints by using a restricted number of parameters while ensuring sensitivity to dynamic biological regulation. Common phenotypes can be detected by in vivo imaging technologies, and effectively define the emerging standards for disease classification and patient stratification in radiology. However, for the imaging data to accurately represent a complex fingerprint, the individual imaging parameters need to be measured and analysed in relation to their wider spatial and molecular context. In this respect, targeted palettes of molecular imaging probes facilitate the detection of heterogeneity in oncogene-driven alterations and their response to treatment, and lead to the expansion of rational-design elements for the combination of imaging experiments. In this Review, we evaluate criteria for conducting multiplexed imaging, and discuss its opportunities for improving patient diagnosis and the monitoring of therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Heinzmann
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Lukas M Carter
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Eric O Aboagye
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
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