1
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Li Y, Yi H, Zhu Y. Novel insights into adaptive evolution based on the unusual AT-skew in Acheilognathus gracilis mitogenome and phylogenetic relationships of bitterling. Gene 2024; 902:148154. [PMID: 38218382 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Acheilognathus gracilis, a bitterling species, distribute in lower reaches of Yangtze River. They are identified as the top-priority bitterling species for conservation as having high evolutionary distinctiveness and are at risk of extinction. In present study, we first sequenced the complete mitogenome of A. gracilis and analyzed its phylogenetic position using 13 PCGs. The A. gracilis mitogenome is 16,774 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, a control region and the origin of the light strand replication. The overall base composition of A. gracilis in descending order is T 27.9 %, A 27.7 %, C 26.1 % and G 18.3 %, shows a unusual AT-skew with slightly negative. Further investigation revealed A. gracilis uses excess T over A in NADH dehydrogenase 5 (nd5), whereas the most of other bitterlings are biased toward to use A not T, implying there is likely to be unique strategy of adaptive evolution in A. gracilis. We also compared 13 PCGs of 30 bitterling mitogenomes and the results exhibit highly conservative. Phylogenetic trees constructed by 13 PCGs strongly support the monophyly of Acheilognathus and the paraphyly of Rhodeus and Tanakia. Current results will provide valuable information for follow-up research on conservation of species facing with serious population decline and can provide novel insights into the phylogenetic analysis and evolutionary biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Li
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hongbo Yi
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yurong Zhu
- College of Fisheries, Engineering Research Center of Green development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Hubei, China.
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2
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Choi H, Lee HJ. Host size matters for reproduction: Evolution of spawning preference and female reproductive phenotypes in mussel-symbiotic freshwater bitterling fishes. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11142. [PMID: 38469040 PMCID: PMC10927361 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Bitterling fishes evolve an idiosyncratic symbiosis with freshwater mussels, in which they are obligated to spawn in the gills of mussels for reproduction. In recent years, freshwater mussel populations have been drastically diminishing, due to accelerating anthropogenic impacts, which can be large threats to the risk of bitterling's extinction cascade (i.e. 'coextinction'). The host mussel size may be an important factor driving the adaptation and evolution of bitterling's reproductive phenotypes. Here we examined the host size preference and morphological adaptation of female bitterling to the host size from 17 localities at the Han River in Korea. Using our developed molecular-based species identification for bitterling's eggs/larvae inside the mussels, we further determined the spawning patterns of seven bitterling species. Mean length of spawned mussels (N = 453) was significantly larger than that of unspawned mussels (N = 1814), suggesting that bitterling prefers to use larger hosts as a spawning ground. Spawning probability was clearly greater as mussel size increases. Results of our reciprocal transplant experiments do provide some evidence supporting the 'bitterling's larger host preference' hypothesis. Interspecific competition appeared to be intense as two fish species often spawned eggs in the same mussel individuals simultaneously. Longer ovipositor and more elongated egg may evolve in females of Tanakia signifer in response to larger host environments. The observed bitterling's spawning preference for large-sized mussels may evolve perhaps because of the fitness advantage in relation to the offspring survival. Our findings further inform on the development of effective conservation and management strategy for the endangered bitterling fishes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee‐kyu Choi
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, College of Science and EngineeringSangji UniversityWonjuKorea
| | - Hyuk Je Lee
- Molecular Ecology and Evolution Laboratory, Department of Biological Science, College of Science and EngineeringSangji UniversityWonjuKorea
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3
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Yi W, Reichard M, Rücklin M, Richardson MK. Parasitic fish embryos do a "front-flip" on the yolk to resist expulsion from the host. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2310082121. [PMID: 38377205 PMCID: PMC10907307 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2310082121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Embryonic development is often considered shielded from the effects of natural selection, being selected primarily for reliable development. However, embryos sometimes represent virulent parasites, triggering a coevolutionary "arms race" with their host. We have examined embryonic adaptations to a parasitic lifestyle in the bitterling fish. Bitterlings are brood parasites that lay their eggs in the gill chamber of host mussels. Bitterling eggs and embryos have adaptations to resist being flushed out by the mussel. These include a pair of projections from the yolk sac that act as an anchor. Furthermore, bitterling eggs all adopt a head-down position in the mussel gills which further increases their chances of survival. To examine these adaptations in detail, we have studied development in the rosy bitterling (Rhodeus ocellatus) using molecular markers, X-ray tomography, and time-lapse imaging. We describe a suite of developmental adaptations to brood parasitism in this species. We show that the mechanism underlying these adaptions is a modified pattern of blastokinesis-a process unique, among fish, to bitterlings. Tissue movements during blastokinesis cause the embryo to do an extraordinary "front-flip" on the yolk. We suggest that this movement determines the spatial orientation of the other developmental adaptations to parasitism, ensuring that they are optimally positioned to help resist the ejection of the embryo from the mussel. Our study supports the notion that natural selection can drive the evolution of a suite of adaptations, both embryonic and extra-embryonic, via modifications in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yi
- Institute of Biology, University of Leiden, Sylvius Laboratory, Leiden2333BE, The Netherlands
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno603 65, Czech Republic
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei430072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Martin Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno603 65, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of Lodz, Lodz90-237, Poland
- Faculty of Science, Department of Botany and Zoology, Masaryk University, Brno611 37, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Rücklin
- Vertebrate Evolution, Development and Ecology group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden2333 CR, The Netherlands
| | - Michael K. Richardson
- Institute of Biology, University of Leiden, Sylvius Laboratory, Leiden2333BE, The Netherlands
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4
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Nishino D, Nishida T, Yoshiyama K. Feeding of mussel-associated leeches Hemiclepsis kasmiana on bitterling embryos: Novel interaction between parasites in a shared host. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 103:1232-1236. [PMID: 37492980 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
We investigated an interaction between bitterlings and a parasitic leech Hemiclepsis kasmiana in freshwater mussel hosts. We found that leeches fed on bitterling eggs and embryos; this may exert a considerable negative effect on bitterling fitness. Host choices by females of three bitterling species may be differently affected by the presence of leeches within mussels; Tanakia limbata apparently avoided laying eggs in infested mussels while T. lanceolata and Acheilognathus rhombeus did not. Our novel findings suggest that relationships between the parasitic leech and the host mussel may be context dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Nishino
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Nishida
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
| | - Kohei Yoshiyama
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone, Japan
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5
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Yu J, Chen X, Liu R, Tang Y, Nie G, Zhou C. Mitochondrial genome of Acheilognathusbarbatulus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, Acheilognathinae): characterisation and phylogenetic analysis. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e93947. [PMID: 38327321 PMCID: PMC10848848 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e93947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acheilognathusbarbatulus is distributed in Yangtze River, Yellow River and Pearl River systems in China. Genome data can help to understand the phylogenetic relationships of A.barbatulus, but its complete mitochondrial genome has not been published. We determined the complete mitochondrial genome structure and characteristics of this species and constructed a comprehensive phylogenetic tree, based on mitochondrial genome data of several species of Acheilognathus, Rhodeus and Pseudorasboraparva. The complete length of the mitochondrial genome of A.barbatulus is 16726 bp. The genome is a covalently closed double-stranded circular molecule containing 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs, a D-loop and a light strand replication initiation region. The base composition of the complete mitochondrial genome is A (29.33%) > T (27.6%) > C (26.12%) > G (16.95%), showing a strong AT preference and anti-G bias. All 13 PCGs have different degrees of codon preference, except for cytochrome c oxidase 1, which uses GTG as the start codon. All the PCGs use ATG as the start codon and the stop codon is dominated by TAG. The encoded amino acids Leu and Ser exist in two types, whereas the rest are all present as one type, except for tRNASer (GCT), which lacks the D-arm and has an incomplete secondary structure, all other tRNAs can be folded to form a typical cloverleaf secondary structure. Based on the 13 PCG tandems, the Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian trees were constructed, based on the concatenated sequence of 13 PCGs for the genera Acheilognathus and Rhodeus, with Pseudorasboraparva as the outgroup. Acheilognathusbarbatulus, Acheilognathustonkinensis and Acheilognathuscf.macropterus were clustered together and the most closely related. The results of this study enrich the mitochondrial genomic data of Acheilognathus and provide molecular and genetic base information for species conservation, molecular identification and species evolution of Acheilognathinae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Yu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Xin Chen
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Ruyao Liu
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Yongtao Tang
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Guoxing Nie
- College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, ChinaCollege of Fisheries, Henan Normal UniversityXinxiangChina
| | - Chuanjiang Zhou
- College of Life sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang City, ChinaCollege of Life sciences, Henan Normal UniversityXinxiang CityChina
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6
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Zhang H, Zhao D, Hu C, Duan W, Chu H, Chu Z. The complete mitogenome of Paratanakia chii (Cypriniformes; Cyprinidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2023; 8:515-517. [PMID: 37091580 PMCID: PMC10114962 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2023.2171692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Paratanakia chii is a bitterling fish of the genus Paratanakia, subfamily Acheilognathinae and family Cyprinidae. The mitochondrial DNA sequence of P. chii is reported in this paper. The complete mitochondrial genome of P. chii is 16,575 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 1 displacement loop (D-loop). The genome sequence is consistent with those of most other carp. The majority of PCGs have AT- (Met) start codons and TA- end codons. The A + T contents of the genome, PCGs, transfer RNAs (tRNAs), and ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) are 56.92%, 58.07%, 56.34%, and 54.21%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that P. chii is most closely related to Tanankia himantegus. These data will benefit relative ecological and phylogenetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Chang Hu
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Wenli Duan
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Hang Chu
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Zhangjie Chu
- College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
- CONTACT Zhangjie Chu College of Fisheries, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province, China
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7
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Li F, Smith C, Kawamura K, Vetešník L, Arai R, Reichard M. Unusual egg shape diversity in bitterling fishes. Ecology 2022; 103:e3816. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
- Shanghai Natural History Museum, Branch of Shanghai Science and Technology Museum Shanghai China
| | - Carl Smith
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology University of Łódź Łódź Poland
| | | | - Lukáš Vetešník
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Zoology, University Museum University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan
| | - Martin Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology of the Czech Academy of Sciences Brno Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology University of Łódź Łódź Poland
- Department of Botany & Zoology, Faculty of Science Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic
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8
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Li W, Qiu N, Du H. Complete mitochondrial genome of Rhodeuscyanorostris (Teleostei, Cyprinidae): characterization and phylogenetic analysis. Zookeys 2022; 1081:111-125. [PMID: 35087298 PMCID: PMC8776718 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1081.77043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodeuscyanorostris Li, Liao & Arai, 2020 is a freshwater fish that is endemic to China and restricted to Chengdu City in Sichuan Province. This study is the first to sequence and characterize the complete mitochondrial genome of R.cyanorostris. The mitogenome of R.cyanorostris is 16580 bp in length, including 13 protein-coding genes, two rRNA genes, 22 tRNA genes, and a control region (D-loop). The base composition of the sequence is 28.5% A, 27.6% C, 26.4% T, and 17.5% G, with a bias toward A+T. The genome structure, nucleotide composition, and codon usage of the mitogenome of R.cyanorostris are consistent with those of other species of Rhodeus. To verify the molecular phylogeny of the genus Rhodeus, we provide new insights to better understand the taxonomic status of R.cyanorostris. The phylogenetic trees present four major clades based on 19 mitogenomic sequences from 16 Rhodeus species. Rhodeuscyanorostris exhibits the closest phylogenetic relationship with R.pseudosericeus, R.amarus, and R.sericeus. This study discloses the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of R.cyanorostris for the first time and provides the most comprehensive phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus Rhodeus based on whole mitochondrial genome sequences. The information obtained in this study will provide new insights for conservation, phylogenetic analysis, and evolutionary biology research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- YANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center, China Three Gorges Corporation, Beijing 100038, ChinaYANGTZE Eco-Environment Engineering Research CenterBeijingChina
| | - Ning Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Technology on Water Transport, Ministry of Transport, Tianjin research institute for water transport engineering, M.O.T., Tianjin 300456, ChinaMinistry of Transport, Tianjin research institute for water transport engineeringTianjinChina
| | - Hejun Du
- Chinese Sturgeon Research Institute, China Three Gorges Corporation, Yichang, Hubei 443100, ChinaChinese Sturgeon Research InstituteYichangChina
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Miyake T, Nakajima J, Umemura K, Onikura N, Ueda T, Smith C, Kawamura K. Genetic diversification of the Kanehira bitterling Acheilognathus rhombeus inferred from mitochondrial DNA, with comments on the phylogenetic relationship with its sister species Acheilognathus barbatulus. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 99:1677-1695. [PMID: 34498257 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Kanehira bitterling, Acheilognathus rhombeus, is a freshwater fish, discontinuously distributed in western Japan and the Korean Peninsula. Unusually among bitterling it is an autumn-spawning species and shows developmental diapause. Consequently, the characterization of its evolutionary history is significant not only in the context of the fish assemblage of East Asia, but also for understanding life-history evolution. This study aimed to investigate the phylogeography of A. rhombeus and its sister species Acheilognathus barbatulus, distributed in China, using a mitochondrial analysis of the ND1 gene from 311 samples collected from 50 localities in Japan and continental Asia. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. barbatulus is included in A. rhombeus and genetically closer to Japanese A. rhombeus than to Korean A. rhombeus. Divergence of Korean A. rhombeus and A. barbatulus from Japanese A. rhombeus was estimated to be from the late Pliocene (3.44 Mya) and the early Pleistocene (1.98 Mya), respectively. Each event closely coincided with the time of the Japan Sea opening. Japanese A. rhombeus comprised seven lineages: three in Honshu and four in Kyushu. One lineage in central Kyushu was genetically closer to the Honshu lineages than to other lineages in northern Kyushu. Divergence of Japanese lineages was estimated to be from the early to middle Pleistocene (0.55-0.93 Mya), during a period of geological and paleoclimatic change, including volcanic activity. Population expansion in the late Pleistocene (<0.10 Ma) was suggested in many of the lineages, which accords with other freshwater fishes. Biogeographically the ancestral A. rhombeus/A. barbatulus was likely to have repeatedly colonized Japan from the continent through land bridges in the late Pliocene and the early Pleistocene. However, the close genetic relationship between Japanese A. rhombeus and A. barbatulus suggests another possibility, with the second colonization occurring in reverse, from Japan to China. The small genetic distance between them indicates that the colonization occurred later than colonization events of other freshwater fishes, including other bitterling species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Nakajima
- Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keitaro Umemura
- Fishery Research Laboratory, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Norio Onikura
- Fishery Research Laboratory, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Carl Smith
- Department of Ecology & Vertebrate Zoology, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
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10
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Miller EC, Mesnick SL, Wiens JJ. Sexual Dichromatism Is Decoupled from Diversification over Deep Time in Fishes. Am Nat 2021; 198:232-252. [PMID: 34260865 DOI: 10.1086/715114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractSexually selected traits have long been thought to drive diversification, but support for this hypothesis has been persistently controversial. In fishes, sexually dimorphic coloration is associated with assortative mating and speciation among closely related species, as shown in classic studies. However, it is unclear whether these results can generalize to explain diversity patterns across ray-finned fishes, which contain the majority of vertebrate species and 96% of fishes. Here, we use phylogenetic approaches to test for an association between sexual dichromatism and diversification rates (speciation minus extinction) in ray-finned fishes. We assembled dichromatism data for 10,898 species, a data set of unprecedented size. We found no difference in diversification rates between monochromatic and dichromatic species when including all ray-finned fishes. However, at lower phylogenetic scales (within orders and families), some intermediate-sized clades did show an effect of dichromatism on diversification. Surprisingly, dichromatism could significantly increase or decrease diversification rates. Moreover, we found no effect in many of the clades initially used to link dichromatism to speciation in fishes (e.g., cichlids) or an effect only at shallow scales (within subclades). Overall, we show how the effects of dichromatism on diversification are highly variable in direction and restricted to certain clades and phylogenetic scales.
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11
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Yi W, Rücklin M, Poelmann RE, Aldridge DC, Richardson MK. Normal stages of embryonic development of a brood parasite, the rosy bitterling Rhodeus ocellatus (Teleostei: Cypriniformes). J Morphol 2021; 282:783-819. [PMID: 33583089 PMCID: PMC8252481 DOI: 10.1002/jmor.21335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Bitterlings, a group of freshwater teleosts, provide a fascinating example among vertebrates of the evolution of brood parasitism. Their eggs are laid inside the gill chamber of their freshwater mussel hosts where they develop as brood parasites. Studies of the embryonic development of bitterlings are crucial in deciphering the evolution of their distinct early life-history. Here, we have studied 255 embryos and larvae of the rosy bitterling (Rhodeus ocellatus) using in vitro fertilization and X-ray microtomography (microCT). We describe 11 pre-hatching and 13 post-hatching developmental stages spanning the first 14 days of development, from fertilization to the free-swimming stage. In contrast to previous developmental studies of various bitterling species, the staging system we describe is character-based and therefore more compatible with the widely-used stages described for zebrafish. Our bitterling data provide new insights into to the polarity of the chorion, and into notochord vacuolization and yolk sac extension in relation to body straightening. This study represents the first application of microCT scanning to bitterling development and provides one of the most detailed systematic descriptions of development in any teleost. Our staging series will be an important tool for heterochrony analysis and other comparative studies of teleost development, and may provide insight into the co-evolution of brood parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yi
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of Leiden, Sylvius LaboratoryLeidenthe Netherlands
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of HydrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesHubeiChina
| | - Martin Rücklin
- Vertebrate Evolution, Development and EcologyNaturalis Biodiversity CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Robert E. Poelmann
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of Leiden, Sylvius LaboratoryLeidenthe Netherlands
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12
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Octavera A, Yoshizaki G. Production of Chinese rosy bitterling offspring derived from frozen and vitrified whole testis by spermatogonial transplantation. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2020; 46:1431-1442. [PMID: 32356193 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-020-00802-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bitterling is a small cyprinid fish facing an increasing risk of extinction owing to habitat destruction and decreasing freshwater mussel population that are used as their spawning substrates. Owing to their large size and high yolk contents, methods for cryopreservation of their eggs or embryos, which is a promising method for long-term preservation of their genetic resources, are still not available. We conducted this study to evaluate the feasibility of gamete production by transplanting cryopreserved testicular cells into germ cell-less recipients that were produced by knockdown of dead end gene. Immature testes isolated from recessive albino Chinese rosy bitterlings were cryopreserved by slow freezing or vitrification. Approximately 3000 slow-frozen or vitrified cells were transplanted into the peritoneal cavity of 4-day-old germ cell-less wild-type Chinese rosy bitterlings. We observed no significant differences in the incorporation rates of the slow-frozen and vitrified cells into the genital ridges of recipients compared with those of freshly prepared cells. When the recipients matured, almost half of the male or female recipients that received freshly prepared, slow-frozen, or vitrified cells produced gametes derived from donor cells, with no significant differences in their fecundity among the 3 groups. Moreover, fertilization of the resulting eggs and sperm produced donor-derived offspring exhibiting the albino phenotype. Therefore, the abovementioned methods could be used as a powerful and practical method for long-term preservation of bitterling genetic resources for biotic conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Octavera
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan
| | - Goro Yoshizaki
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan Minato-ku, Tokyo, 108-8477, Japan.
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13
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Li F, Liao TY, Arai R. Two new species of Rhodeus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae: Acheilognathinae) from the River Yangtze, China. JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.25225/jvb.19055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Li
- Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition (CREEFN) of the Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; e-mail:
| | - Te-Yu Liao
- Department of Oceanography, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan; e-mail:
| | - Ryoichi Arai
- Department of Zoology, University Museum, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; e-mail:
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14
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Evidence of an ancient connectivity and biogeodispersal of a bitterling species, Rhodeus notatus, across the Korean Peninsula. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1011. [PMID: 31974505 PMCID: PMC6978382 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57625-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The modern-day distribution of freshwater fishes throughout multiple rivers is likely the result of past migration during times when currently separate drainages were once connected. Here, we used mitochondrial and microsatellite analyses for 248 individuals of Rhodeus notatus collected from seven different rivers to obtain better understand historical gene flow of freshwater fish on the Korean Peninsula. Based on our phylogenetic analyses, this Korean species originated through the paleo-Yellow River from China and first colonized near the west coast. These genetic data also provided evidence of estuary coalescences among the rivers flowing to the west and southwest coast on well-developed continental shelf. In addition, the pattern of population structure revealed the biogeodispersal route from the west coast to the south coast. It could be inferred that massive migration was not involved in the formation of southern populations, since the signature of historical genetic drift was clearly observed. Our study is the first genetic attempt to confirm hypotheses describing the migration of freshwater species towards the end of East Asia, which have previously been developed using only geological reasoning.
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Methling C, Douda K, Reichard M. Intensity-dependent energetic costs in a reciprocal parasitic relationship. Oecologia 2019; 191:285-294. [PMID: 31494712 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04504-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic infections elicit host defences that pose energetic trade-offs with other fitness-related traits. Bitterling fishes and unionid mussels are involved in a two-way parasitic interaction. Bitterling exploit mussels by ovipositing into their gills. In turn, mussel larvae (glochidia) develop on the epidermis and gills of fish. Hosts have evolved behavioural responses to reduce parasite load, suggesting that glochidia and bitterling parasitism are costly. We examined the energetic cost of parasitism on both sides of this relationship. We used intermittent flow-through respirometry to measure (1) standard metabolic rate (SMR) of individual duck mussels Anodonta anatina (a common bitterling host) before and during infection by embryos of the European bitterling Rhodeus amarus, and (2) SMR and maximum oxygen uptake (MO2max) of individual R. amarus before and during infection with glochidia of the Chinese pond mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (a mussel species that successfully infects bitterling). As predicted, we observed an increase in mussel SMR when infected by bitterling embryos and an increased SMR in glochidia-infected bitterling, though this was significantly mediated by the time post-infection. Contrary to our predictions, glochidia infection did not impair MO2max and the number of glochidia attached to gills positively (rather than negatively) correlated with MO2max. The results suggest that tolerance is the prevailing coping mechanism for both fish and mussels when infected, while resistance mechanisms appear to be confined to the behavioural level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Methling
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Douda
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Květná 8, 603 65, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Jeon HB, Won H, Suk HY. Polymorphism of MHC class IIB in an acheilognathid species, Rhodeus sinensis shaped by historical selection and recombination. BMC Genet 2019; 20:74. [PMID: 31519169 PMCID: PMC6743125 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-019-0775-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhodeus sinensis is a bitterling species occurring throughout the numerous freshwater systems on the East Asia. Here, we analyzed the diversity of the MHC class IIB (DAB) genes from this species, which may offer meaningful insights into evolutionary processes in this species as well as other bitterlings. RESULTS Using cDNA and gDNA samples from 50 individuals, we discovered classical 140 allelic sequences that could be allocated into either DAB1 (Rhsi-DAB1) or DAB3 (Rhsi-DAB3). DAB sequences completely lacking the intron, but identical or similar to Rhsi-DAB1, were also discovered from our gDNA samples, and this intron loss likely originated from the retrotransposition events of processed mDNA. The β1 domain was the most polymorphic in both Rhsi-DAB1 and -DAB3. Putative peptide biding residues (PBRs) in Rhsi-DAB1, but not in Rhsi-DAB3, exhibited a significant dN/dS, presumably indicating that different selection pressures have acted on those two DABs. Recombination between different alleles seemed to have contributed to the increase of diversity in Rhsi-DABs. Upon phylogenetic analysis, Rhsi-DAB1 and -DAB3 formed independent clusters. Several alleles from other species of Cypriniformes were embedded in the clade of Rhsi-DAB1, whereas Rhsi-DAB3 clustered with alleles from the wider range of taxa (Cyprinodontiformes), indicating that these two Rhsi-DABs have taken different historical paths. CONCLUSIONS A great deal of MHC class IIB allelic diversity was found in R. sinensis, and gene duplication, selection and recombination may have contributed to this diversity. Based on our data, it is presumed that such historical processes have commonly or differently acted on the polymorphism of Rhsi-DAB1 and -DAB3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Bae Jeon
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541 South Korea
- Department of Biology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke W, Montreal, Quebec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Hari Won
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541 South Korea
| | - Ho Young Suk
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, 280 Daehak-ro, Gyeongsan, Gyeongsangbuk-do 38541 South Korea
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Nagata N, Kitamura JI. The complete mitochondrial genomes of two endangered bitterling Acheilognathus tabira tohokuensis and A. tabira erythropterus (Cyprinidae, Acheilognathinae). MITOCHONDRIAL DNA PART B-RESOURCES 2019; 4:2865-2866. [PMID: 33365765 PMCID: PMC7707002 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1661304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Acheilognathus tabira (tabira bitterling) comprises of 5 subspecies, all of which are endangered. In this study, the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of the 2 subspecies, A. tabira tohokuensis and A. tabira erythropterus, whose mitogenomes have not been reported previously, was determined. The total lengths of A. tabira tohokuensis and A. tabira erythropterus mitogenomes were 16,774 bp and 16,770 bp, respectively, and were noted as slightly AT-rich. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these 2 subspecies of A. tabira were the most closely related, out of the 5 subspecies. The deciphered mitogenomes would be useful for conservation and evolutionary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Nagata
- Division of Collections Conservation, National Museum of Nature and Science, Ibaraki, Japan
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Turanov SV, Kartavtsev YP, Shapovalov ME. The First Attempt at Studying the Species Diversity of Fish in Lake Khanka Using DNA Barcoding Techniques. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s102279541904015x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Phylogenetic relationships of Cypriniformes and plasticity of pharyngeal teeth in the adaptive radiation of cyprinids. SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES 2019; 62:553-565. [DOI: 10.1007/s11427-019-9480-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Yu P, Zhou L, Zhou XY, Yang WT, Zhang J, Zhang XJ, Wang Y, Gui JF. Unusual AT-skew of Sinorhodeus microlepis mitogenome provides new insights into mitogenome features and phylogenetic implications of bitterling fishes. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 129:339-350. [PMID: 30738158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.01.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sinorhodeus microlepis (S. microlepis) is recently described as a new species and represents a new genus Sinorhodeu of the subfamily Acheilognathinae. In this study, we first sequenced the complete mitogenome of S. microlepis and compared with the other 29 bitterling mitogenomes. The S. microlepis mitogenome is 16,591 bp in length and contains 37 genes. Gene distribution pattern is identical among 30 bitterling mitogenomes. A significant linear correlation between A+T% and AT-skew were found among 29 bitterling mitogenomes, except S. microlepis shows unusual AT-skew with slightly negative in tRNAs and PCGs. Bitterling mitogenomes exhibit highly conserved usage bias of start codon, relative synonymous codons and amino acids, overlaps and non-coding intergenic spacers. Phylogenetic trees constructed by 13 PCGs strongly support the polyphyly of the genus Acheilognathus and the paraphyly of Rhodeus and Tanakia. Together with the unusual characters of S. microlepis mitogenomes and phylogenetic trees, S. microlepis should be a sister species to the genus Rhodeu that might diverge about 13.69 Ma (95% HPD: 12.96-14.48 Ma).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Li Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Ya Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wen-Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Jian-Fang Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, The Innovation Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Bartáková V, Bryja J, Šanda R, Bektas Y, Stefanov T, Choleva L, Smith C, Reichard M. High cryptic diversity of bitterling fish in the southern West Palearctic. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 133:1-11. [PMID: 30586649 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
South-east Europe, along with the adjacent region of south-west Asia, is an important biodiversity hotspot with high local endemism largely contributed by contemporary continental lineages that retreated to southern refugia during colder Quaternary periods. We investigated the genetic diversity of the European bitterling fish (Rhodeus amarus) species complex (Cyprinidae) across its range in the western Palearctic, but with a particular emphasis in the region of Balkan, Pontic and Caspian refugia. We genotyped 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci and a partial sequence of mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (CYTB) for a set of 1,038 individuals from 60 populations. We used mtDNA sequences to infer phylogenetic relationships and historical demography, and microsatellite markers to describe fine-scale genetic variability and structure. Our mtDNA analysis revealed six well-supported lineages, with limited local co-occurrence. Two lineages are distributed throughout central and western Europe (lineages "A" and "B"), with two zones of secondary contact. Another two lineages were restricted to the Ponto-Aegean region of Greece (lineages "C" and "D") and the final two lineages were restricted south of the Caucasus mountains (lineage "E" from the Black Sea watershed and lineage "F" from the Caspian watershed). A signal of recent expansion was revealed in the two widespread lineages and the Ponto-Aegean lineage "C". The geographic distribution of clusters detected by nuclear microsatellites corresponded well with mitochondrial lineages and demonstrated finely sub-structured populations. A profound population structure suggested a significant role of genetic drift in differentiation among lineages. Lineage divergence in the Ponto-Aegean and Caspian regions are substantial, supporting the validity of two described endemic species (Rhodeus meridionalis as lineage "D" and Rhodeus colchicus as lineage "E") and invite taxonomic evaluation of the other two southern lineages (Thracean "C" and Caspian "F").
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Bartáková
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Bryja
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Šanda
- National Museum, Department of Zoology, Václavské nám. 68, 115 79 Prague 1, Czech Republic
| | - Yusuf Bektas
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey
| | - Tihomir Stefanov
- National Museum of Natural History, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1 Tsar Osvoboditel Blv., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Lukáš Choleva
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Laboratory of Fish Genetics, Rumburská 89, 277 21 Liběchov, Czech Republic; Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, Ostrava 710 00, Czech Republic
| | - Carl Smith
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Ecology & Vertebrate Zoology, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland; School of Biology and Bell-Pettigrew Museum of Natural History, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 8LB, UK
| | - Martin Reichard
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 65 Brno, Czech Republic.
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Methling C, Douda K, Liu H, Rouchet R, Bartáková V, Yu D, Smith C, Reichard M. Energetic costs in the relationship between bitterling and mussels in East Asia. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Methling
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Douda
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Huanzhang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Romain Rouchet
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Bartáková
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dan Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Carl Smith
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
- Bell Pettigrew Museum of Natural History, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK
| | - Martin Reichard
- The Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Brno, Czech Republic
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Nagata N, Kitamura JI, Inaba O, Kumagai M, Fujimoto Y, Sota T. Phylogeography of Endangered Bitterling Acheilognathus melanogaster Endemic to Eastern Japan. Zoolog Sci 2018; 35:396-401. [PMID: 30298778 DOI: 10.2108/zs180033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The bitterling Acheilognathus melanogaster is a critically endangered primary freshwater fish endemic to the Pacific side of eastern Japan. To elucidate A. melanogaster genetic structure, we investigated phylogeography in nine populations, using gene sequences of mitochondrial Cytochrome b (Cytb), as well as nuclear Rhodopsin (Rho) and glycosyltransferase (Glyt). We found four Cytb-based geographical clusters unevenly divided between the northern and southern regions, with smaller groups in the south. Of the nuclear genes, Glyt did not show geographical differentiation, whereas Rho formed two clusters: one widely occurring and another restricted to central regions. Genetic diversity was generally higher in southern than in northern populations. Our results suggest that conservation of southern local populations is particularly important in maintaining the genetic diversity of this endangered fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuaki Nagata
- 1 Division of Collections Conservation, National Museum of Nature and Science, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan.,2 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Inaba
- 4 Minamisoma City Museum, Fukushima 975-0051, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kumagai
- 5 Tsuchiura Nature Conservation Association, Ibaraki 300-0043, Japan
| | - Yasufumi Fujimoto
- 6 Miyagi Prefectural Izunuma-Uchinuma Environmental Foundation, Miyagi 989-5504, Japan
| | - Teiji Sota
- 7 Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Zhang M, Wang K, Zhang L, Tang Z, Zhong S, Tan H, Wu L, Chen X, Cheng G. Complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic implications of the rainbow bitterling Acheilognathus tonkinensis (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae). Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2018; 3:1178-1179. [PMID: 33474457 PMCID: PMC7800083 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2018.1524278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acheilognathus tonkinensis is a magnificent bitterling fish of genus Acheilognathus belonging to the sub-family Acheilognathinae of the family Cyprinidae. In this study, we first determined and described the 16,767 bp mitochondrial DNA sequence of A. tonkinensis. The mitogenome encoded 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, 12S, and 16S rRNA genes, and a D-loop region. The overall nucleotide composition was 29.4% A, 27.1% T, 17.0% G, and 26.5% C, with a slight AT bias (56.5%). Phylogenetic analysis suggested that A. tonkinensis had the closest evolutionary relationship with A. macropterus. The availability of mitogenome sequence of A. tonkinensis would facilitate species identification of the Acheilognathinae, as well as genetic evaluations for resource conservation and management of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Zhang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Kaicheng Wang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Liangkui Zhang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zongjian Tang
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Shengping Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Guangxi Institute of Oceanology, Beihai, China
| | - Hongyu Tan
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences, Nanning, China
| | - Guangping Cheng
- Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
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Petney TN, Andrews RH, Saijuntha W, Tesana S, Prasopdee S, Kiatsopit N, Sithithaworn P. Taxonomy, Ecology and Population Genetics of Opisthorchis viverrini and Its Intermediate Hosts. ADVANCES IN PARASITOLOGY 2018; 101:1-39. [PMID: 29907251 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apar.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There have been considerable advances in our understanding of the systematics and ecology of Opisthorchis viverrini; however, this new knowledge has not only clarified but also complicated the situation. We now know that what was once considered to be a single species is, in fact, a species complex, with the individual species being confined to specific wetland areas. There is also a strong genetic association between the members of the O. viverrini species complex and their Bithynia snail intermediate hosts. Although this does not negate data collected before the recognition of this situation, it does lead to the caveat that regional and temporal variations in data collected may be related to the species examined. The advances in ecology have generally been spatially limited and have led, in part, to contradictory results that may well be related to nonrecognition of the species studied. It may also be related to natural temporal and spatial variation related, for example, to habitat characteristics. To understand the variation present, it will be necessary to conduct long-term (several years at least) sampling projects after defining the genetic characteristics of O. viverrini sensu lato and its Bithynia snail intermediate hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor N Petney
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Institute of Zoology 1: Ecology and Parasitology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany; State Museum of Natural History Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ross H Andrews
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Weerachai Saijuntha
- Walai Rukhavej Botanical Research Institute, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, Thailand
| | - Smarn Tesana
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Sattrachai Prasopdee
- Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nadda Kiatsopit
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Paiboon Sithithaworn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Screening and Care Program (CASCAP), Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand; Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
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Jeon HB, Anderson D, Won H, Lim H, Suk HY. Taxonomic characterization of Tanakia species (Acheilognathidae) using DNA barcoding analyses. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2017; 29:964-973. [PMID: 29117773 DOI: 10.1080/24701394.2017.1398746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Tanakia is a bitterling genus with six species found in Far East Asia. Our aim was to construct the standard DNA barcode database available for the identification of six Tanakia species by comparing the range of intra- and inter-specific genetic distances, identifying the phylogenetic placement of each Tanakia species and providing the unique barcode characteristics that are specific to each species, using cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (cyt b). Both loci failed to create a perfect barcoding gap between the ranges of inter- and intra-specific genetic distances, though interspecific COI distances were sufficiently greater than intraspecific values with only a few exceptions. In our phylogenetic analyses, T. koreensis and T. signifer did not form a monophyletic cluster of haplotypes in both loci. COI provided clear nucleotide characteristics that distinguish each species, whereas relatively fewer informative sites were found within the range of cyt b. Overall, COI could be regarded as appropriate species identification solution in Tanakia. Our analyses yielded some taxonomic issues that need the further investigation, and are expected to be helpful in the examination for the conservation status of Tanakia species that are on the verge of being endangered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Bae Jeon
- a Department of Life Sciences , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , South Korea
| | - Dacotah Anderson
- b Department of Biology , University of Saint Thomas , Saint Paul , MN , USA
| | - Hari Won
- a Department of Life Sciences , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , South Korea
| | - Hangkyo Lim
- b Department of Biology , University of Saint Thomas , Saint Paul , MN , USA.,c Department of Biology , Notre Dame of Maryland University , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Ho Young Suk
- a Department of Life Sciences , Yeungnam University , Gyeongsan , South Korea
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Rouchet R, Smith C, Liu H, Methling C, Douda K, Yu D, Tang Q, Reichard M. Avoidance of host resistance in the oviposition-site preferences of rose bitterling. Evol Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10682-017-9907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Saitoh K, Suzuki N, Ozaki M, Ishii K, Sado T, Morosawa T, Tsunagawa T, Tsuchiya M. Natural habitats uncovered? – Genetic structure of known and newly found localities of the endangered bitterling Pseudorhodeus tanago (Cyprinidae). NATURE CONSERVATION 2017. [DOI: 10.3897/natureconservation.17.10939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Smith C. Bayesian inference supports the host selection hypothesis in explaining adaptive host specificity by European bitterling. Oecologia 2016; 183:379-389. [PMID: 27888335 PMCID: PMC5306149 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3780-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Generalist parasites have the capacity to infect multiple hosts. The temporal pattern of host specificity by generalist parasites is rarely studied, but is critical to understanding what variables underpin infection and thereby the impact of parasites on host species and the way they impose selection on hosts. Here, the temporal dynamics of infection of four species of freshwater mussel by European bitterling fish (Rhodeus amarus) was investigated over three spawning seasons. Bitterling lay their eggs in the gills of freshwater mussels, which suffer reduced growth, oxygen stress, gill damage and elevated mortality as a result of parasitism. The temporal pattern of infection of mussels by European bitterling in multiple populations was examined. Using a Bernoulli Generalized Additive Mixed Model with Bayesian inference it was demonstrated that one mussel species, Unio pictorum, was exploited over the entire bitterling spawning season. As the season progressed, bitterling showed a preference for other mussel species, which were inferior hosts. Temporal changes in host use reflected elevated density-dependent mortality in preferred hosts that were already infected. Plasticity in host specificity by bitterling conformed with the predictions of the host selection hypothesis. The relationship between bitterling and their host mussels differs qualitatively from that of avian brood parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Smith
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, UK. .,Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic. .,Bell-Pettigrew Museum of Natural History, University of St Andrews, Bute Building, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TS, UK.
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30
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Tsao YF, Lin WW, Chang CH, Ueda T, Jang-Liaw NH, Zhao YH, Kao HW. Phylogeography, Historical Demography, and Genetic Structure of the Rose Bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus (Kner, 1866) (Cypriniformes: Acheilognathidae), in East Asia. Zool Stud 2016; 55:e49. [PMID: 31966194 PMCID: PMC6511911 DOI: 10.6620/zs.2016.55-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Yao-Feng Tsao, Wen-Wen Lin, Chia-Hao Chang, Takayoshi Ueda, Nian-Hong Jang-Liaw, Ya-Hui Zhao, and Hsiao-Wei Kao (2016) Rose bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus, is a small cyprinid fish distributed in East Asia. To infer its phylogeography and genetic structure, specimens from Taiwan, China, and Japan were collected, and complete mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) DNA sequences were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses identified seven mitochondrial lineages (A-G). Among them, three lineages (A, B, and C) distributed in mainland China. Lineages D, E, and F distributed in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, respectively. Lineage G distributed in both China and Japan. The results of the Bayesian Binary MCMC analysis (BBM) suggested that the most recent common ancestor of R. ocellatus was from Lower Yangtze region. Divergence times among lineages inferred by molecular clock ranged from 7.55 to 1.44 million years ago. We propose that topography and climate changes by uplift of the Tibetan Plateau in the Late Miocene-Pliocene and the glacial-interglacial cycles in the Pleistocene might account for population expansion and genetic differentiation. Divergence times among lineages A, B, and C in Yangtze River basin ranged from 7.55 to 2.27 million years ago that might result from changes of flow directions of rivers from westward to eastward driven by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. The glacial-interglacial cycles in the Pleistocene might further cause population expansion to the northward of lineage G at about 0.19 million years ago. Lineage D in Japan was dispersed from the mainland China before the opening of the Sea of Japan, and lineage F in Taiwan was dispersed from the mainland China through the land bridge in the Pleistocene. Because of the genetic differentiation is statistically significant among populations, protection of genetic diversity and distinctness of R. ocellatus should be considered in the future conservation management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Feng Tsao
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. E-mail:
| | - Wen-Wen Lin
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Marine University, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan. E-mail:
| | - Chia-Hao Chang
- Biodiversity Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. E-mail:
| | - Takayoshi Ueda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan. E-mail:
| | | | - Ya-Hui Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. E-mail:
| | - Hsiao-Wei Kao
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. E-mail:
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31
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Kim HS, Ko JG, Park JY. Comparison of reproductive characteristics and host use of the Korean bitterling,Acheilognathus signifer(Cyprinidae, Pisces), between two populations in the wild environment. FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v65.i2.a2.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeong-Su Kim
- Department of Biological Science and Institute for Biodiversity, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedae-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea
| | - Jae-Geun Ko
- Natural Environmental Restoration Institute Company, 1777-1 Dongseodae-ro, Daedeok-gu, Daejeon Metropolitan City 34425, Korea
| | - Jong-Young Park
- Department of Biological Science and Institute for Biodiversity, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, 567 Baekjedae-ro, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do 54896, Korea
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32
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Reichard M, Douda K, Przybyłski M, Popa OP, Karbanová E, Matasová K, Rylková K, Polačik M, Blažek R, Smith C. Population-specific responses to an invasive species. Proc Biol Sci 2016; 282:20151063. [PMID: 26180070 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2015.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Predicting the impacts of non-native species remains a challenge. As populations of a species are genetically and phenotypically variable, the impact of non-native species on local taxa could crucially depend on population-specific traits and adaptations of both native and non-native species. Bitterling fishes are brood parasites of unionid mussels and unionid mussels produce larvae that parasitize fishes. We used common garden experiments to measure three key elements in the bitterling-mussel association among two populations of an invasive mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and four populations of European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus). The impact of the invasive mussel varied between geographically distinct R. amarus lineages and between local populations within lineages. The capacity of parasitic larvae of the invasive mussel to exploit R. amarus was higher in a Danubian than in a Baltic R. amarus lineage and in allopatric than in sympatric R. amarus populations. Maladaptive oviposition by R. amarus into A. woodiana varied among populations, with significant population-specific consequences for R. amarus recruitment. We suggest that variation in coevolutionary states may predispose different populations to divergent responses. Given that coevolutionary relationships are ubiquitous, population-specific attributes of invasive and native populations may play a critical role in the outcome of invasion. We argue for a shift from a species-centred to population-centred perspective of the impacts of invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Reichard
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, Brno 603 65, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Douda
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Mirosław Przybyłski
- Department of Ecology and Vertebrate Zoology, University of Łodz, Banacha 12/16, Łodz 90-237, Poland
| | - Oana P Popa
- Grigore Antipa National Museum of Natural History, Kiseleff Street, no. 1, Bucharest 011341, Romania
| | - Eva Karbanová
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Matasová
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Rylková
- Department of Zoology and Fisheries, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Polačik
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, Brno 603 65, Czech Republic
| | - Radim Blažek
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, Brno 603 65, Czech Republic
| | - Carl Smith
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Květná 8, Brno 603 65, Czech Republic School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 8LB, UK
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33
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Chen W, Ma X, Shen Y, Mao Y, He S. The fish diversity in the upper reaches of the Salween River, Nujiang River, revealed by DNA barcoding. Sci Rep 2015; 5:17437. [PMID: 26616046 PMCID: PMC4663501 DOI: 10.1038/srep17437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nujiang River (NR), an essential component of the biodiversity hotspot of the
Mountains of Southwest China, possesses a characteristic fish fauna and contains
endemic species. Although previous studies on fish diversity in the NR have
primarily consisted of listings of the fish species observed during field
collections, in our study, we DNA-barcoded 1139 specimens belonging to 46
morphologically distinct fish species distributed throughout the NR basin by
employing multiple analytical approaches. According to our analyses, DNA barcoding
is an efficient method for the identification of fish by the presence of barcode
gaps. However, three invasive species are characterized by deep conspecific
divergences, generating multiple lineages and Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs),
implying the possibility of cryptic species. At the other end of the spectrum, ten
species (from three genera) that are characterized by an overlap between their
intra- and interspecific genetic distances form a single genetic cluster and share
haplotypes. The neighbor-joining phenogram, Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) and
Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) identified 43 putative species, while the
General Mixed Yule-coalescence (GMYC) identified five more OTUs. Thus, our study
established a reliable DNA barcode reference library for the fish in the NR and
sheds new light on the local fish diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weitao Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.,Graduate school of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10001, China
| | - Xiuhui Ma
- School of life science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yanjun Shen
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.,Graduate school of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10001, China
| | - Yuntao Mao
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China.,Graduate school of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10001, China
| | - Shunping He
- The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
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Nishio M, Kawamoto T, Kawakami R, Edo K, Yamazaki Y. Life history and reproductive ecology of the endangered Itasenpara bitterling Acheilognathus longipinnis (Cyprinidae) in the Himi region, central Japan. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2015; 87:616-633. [PMID: 26255608 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The life history, reproductive ecology and habitat utilization of the Itasenpara (deepbody) bitterling Acheilognathus longipinnis were investigated in a lowland segment of the Moo River in Toyama Prefecture, central Honshu, Japan. Analysis of 1285 individuals revealed that the study population comprised a single size class, an age at maturation of 3 months and a life span of 1 year. On the basis of the growth pattern, the life cycle was divided into two stages: the juvenile stage, characterized by rapid growth, and the adult stage at which growth ceased. Spawning by A. longipinnis was recorded between early September and late October. Female A. longipinnis in the 0+ year age class began to mature when they reached a standard length (LS ) of 56·4 mm. Mature females had a large clutch size (maximum 273 eggs) and deposited highly adhesive and relatively large eggs (2·55 mm(3) ; major axis, 3·12 mm; minor axis, 1·22 mm) via a short ovipositor (mean length, 21·5 mm) into freshwater mussels. The embryos remained in the gill cavities of the freshwater mussels (used as a spawning substratum) and emerged as juveniles (LS , 9 mm). Habitat utilization during spawning was analysed using a generalized linear model. The best-fit model showed that three environmental factors (freshwater mussel availability, water depth and vegetation cover) were important variables for habitat utilization by A. longipinnis. Shallow areas (water depth, 250-330 mm) created for rice paddy management and areas with an abundance of cover were particularly effective for predator avoidance. These results suggest that maintenance of water level fluctuations corresponding with rice cultivation and the abundance of vegetation on the river bank (particularly avoidance of concrete revetments) is essential for conservation of this species under current practices for rice cultivation in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Nishio
- Board of Education in Himi City, Himi, Toyama 935-8686, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
| | - T Kawamoto
- Fishery Research Laboratory, Kyushu University, 4-46-24 Tsuyazaki, Fukutsu, Fukuoka 811-3304, Japan
| | - R Kawakami
- Board of Education in Himi City, Himi, Toyama 935-8686, Japan
| | - K Edo
- Agency for Cultural Affairs, Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo 100-8959, Japan
| | - Y Yamazaki
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
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35
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Chang CH, Shao YT, Fu WC, Anraku K, Lin YS, Yan HY. Differentiation of visual spectra and nuptial colorations of two Paratanakia himantegus subspecies (Cyprinoidea: Acheilognathidae) in response to the distinct photic conditions of their habitats. Zool Stud 2015; 54:e43. [PMID: 31966130 DOI: 10.1186/s40555-015-0121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vision, an important sensory modality of many animals, exhibits plasticity in that it adapts to environmental conditions to maintain its sensory efficiency. Nuptial coloration is used to attract mates and hence should be tightly coupled to vision. In Taiwan, two closely related bitterlings (Paratanakia himantegus himantegus and Paratanakia himantegus chii) with different male nuptial colorations reside in different habitats. We compared the visual spectral sensitivities of these subspecies with the ambient light spectra of their habitats to determine whether their visual abilities correspond with photic parameters and correlate with nuptial colorations. RESULTS Theelectroretinogram (ERG) results revealed that the relative spectral sensitivity of P.h. himantegus was higher at 670 nm, but lower at 370 nm, than the sensitivity of P. h. chii. Both bitterlings could perceive and reflect UV light, but the UV reflection patterns differed between genders. Furthermore, the relative irradiance intensity of the light spectra in the habitat of P. h. himantegus was higher at long wavelengths (480-700 nm), but lower at short wavelengths (350-450 nm), than the light spectra in the habitats of P. h.chii. CONCLUSIONS Two phylogenetically closely related bitterlings, P. h. himantegus and P. h. chii, dwell in different waters and exhibit different nuptial colorations and spectral sensitivities, which may be the results of speciation by sensory drive. Sensory ability and signal diversity accommodating photic environment may promote diversity of bitterling fishes. UV light was demonstrated to be a possible component of bitterling visual communication. The UV cue may assist bitterlings in genderidentification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Hao Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Biology, St. Louis University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yi Ta Shao
- Sensory Physiology Laboratory, Marine Research Station, Academia Sinica, I-Lan, Taiwan.,Present Address: Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chung Fu
- Sensory Physiology Laboratory, Marine Research Station, Academia Sinica, I-Lan, Taiwan
| | - Kazuhiko Anraku
- Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yeong-Shin Lin
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hong Young Yan
- Sensory Physiology Laboratory, Marine Research Station, Academia Sinica, I-Lan, Taiwan.,Hanse-Wissenschaftskolleg Institute of Advanced Study, Delmenhorst, Germany
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