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Tripathi S, Rani K, Raj VS, Ambasta RK. Drug repurposing: A multi targetted approach to treat cardiac disease from existing classical drugs to modern drug discovery. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2024; 207:151-192. [PMID: 38942536 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are characterized by abnormalities in the heart, blood vessels, and blood flow. CVDs comprise a diverse set of health issues. There are several types of CVDs like stroke, endothelial dysfunction, thrombosis, atherosclerosis, plaque instability and heart failure. Identification of a new drug for heart disease takes longer duration and its safety efficacy test takes even longer duration of research and approval. This chapter explores drug repurposing, nano-therapy, and plant-based treatments for managing CVDs from existing drugs which saves time and safety issues with testing new drugs. Existing drugs like statins, ACE inhibitor, warfarin, beta blockers, aspirin and metformin have been found to be useful in treating cardiac disease. For better drug delivery, nano therapy is opening new avenues for cardiac research by targeting interleukin (IL), TNF and other proteins by proteome interactome analysis. Nanoparticles enable precise delivery to atherosclerotic plaques, inflammation areas, and damaged cardiac tissues. Advancements in nano therapeutic agents, such as drug-eluting stents and drug-loaded nanoparticles are transforming CVDs management. Plant-based treatments, containing phytochemicals from Botanical sources, have potential cardiovascular benefits. These phytochemicals can mitigate risk factors associated with CVDs. The integration of these strategies opens new avenues for personalized, effective, and minimally invasive cardiovascular care. Altogether, traditional drugs, phytochemicals along with nanoparticles can revolutionize the future cardiac health care by identifying their signaling pathway, mechanism and interactome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyam Tripathi
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - Kusum Rani
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat, Haryana, India
| | - V Samuel Raj
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat, Haryana, India.
| | - Rashmi K Ambasta
- Centre for Drug Design Discovery and Development (C4D), Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, SRM University, Delhi-NCR, Rajiv Gandhi Education City, Sonepat, Haryana, India.
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2
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Ullah A, Ullah M, Lim SI. Recent advancements in nanotechnology based drug delivery for the management of cardiovascular disease. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102396. [PMID: 38266693 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) constitute a predominant cause of both global mortality and morbidity. To address the challenges in the early diagnosis and management of CVDs, there is growing interest in the field of nanotechnology and nanomaterials to develop innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the recent advancements in nanotechnology-based diagnostic techniques, including cardiac immunoassays (CIA), cardiac circulating biomarkers, cardiac exosomal biomarkers, and molecular Imaging (MOI). Moreover, the article delves into the exciting developments in nanoparticles (NPs), biomimetic NPs, nanofibers, nanogels, and nanopatchs for cardiovascular applications. And discuss how these nanoscale technologies can improve the precision, sensitivity, and speed of CVD diagnosis and management. While highlighting their vast potential, we also address the limitations and challenges that must be overcome to harness these innovations successfully. Furthermore, this review focuses on the emerging opportunities for personalized and effective cardiovascular care through the integration of nanotechnology, ultimately aiming to reduce the global burden of CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Yongso-ro 45, Nam-gu, Engineering Bldg#1, Rm1108, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Muneeb Ullah
- College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63 beon-gil 2, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Yongso-ro 45, Nam-gu, Engineering Bldg#1, Rm1108, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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3
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Islam P, Schaly S, Abosalha AK, Boyajian J, Thareja R, Ahmad W, Shum-Tim D, Prakash S. Nanotechnology in development of next generation of stent and related medical devices: Current and future aspects. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 16:e1941. [PMID: 38528392 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Coronary stents have saved millions of lives in the last three decades by treating atherosclerosis especially, by preventing plaque protrusion and subsequent aneurysms. They attenuate the vascular SMC proliferation and promote reconstruction of the endothelial bed to ensure superior revascularization. With the evolution of modern stent types, nanotechnology has become an integral part of stent technology. Nanocoating and nanosurface fabrication on metallic and polymeric stents have improved their drug loading capacity as well as other mechanical, physico-chemical, and biological properties. Nanofeatures can mimic the natural nanofeatures of vascular tissue and control drug-delivery. This review will highlight the role of nanotechnology in addressing the challenges of coronary stents and the recent advancements in the field of related medical devices. Different generations of stents carrying nanoparticle-based formulations like liposomes, lipid-polymer hybrid NPs, polymeric micelles, and dendrimers are discussed highlighting their roles in local drug delivery and anti-restenotic properties. Drug nanoparticles like Paclitaxel embedded in metal stents are discussed as a feature of first-generation drug-eluting stents. Customized precision stents ensure safe delivery of nanoparticle-mediated genes or concerted transfer of gene, drug, and/or bioactive molecules like antibodies, gene mimics via nanofabricated stents. Nanotechnology can aid such therapies for drug delivery successfully due to its easy scale-up possibilities. However, limitations of this technology such as their potential cytotoxic effects associated with nanoparticle delivery that can trigger hypersensitivity reactions have also been discussed in this review. This article is categorized under: Implantable Materials and Surgical Technologies > Nanotechnology in Tissue Repair and Replacement Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Cardiovascular Disease Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Emerging Technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paromita Islam
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sabrina Schaly
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ahmed Kh Abosalha
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jacqueline Boyajian
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rahul Thareja
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Waqar Ahmad
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Dominique Shum-Tim
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Victoria Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Satya Prakash
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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4
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Hınçer A, Ahan RE, Aras E, Şeker UÖŞ. Making the Next Generation of Therapeutics: mRNA Meets Synthetic Biology. ACS Synth Biol 2023; 12:2505-2515. [PMID: 37672348 PMCID: PMC10510722 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of mRNA-based therapeutics centers around the natural functioning of mRNA molecules to provide the genetic information required for protein translation. To improve the efficacy of these therapeutics and minimize side effects, researchers can focus on the features of mRNA itself or the properties of the delivery agent to achieve the desired response. The tools considered for mRNA manipulation can be improved in terms of targetability, tunability, and translatability to medicine. While ongoing studies are dedicated to improving conventional approaches, innovative approaches can also be considered to unleash the full potential of mRNA-based therapeutics. Here, we discuss the opportunities that emerged from introducing synthetic biology to mRNA therapeutics. It includes a discussion of modular self-assembled mRNA nanoparticles, logic gates on a single mRNA molecule, and other possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Hınçer
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Recep Erdem Ahan
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Ebru Aras
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Urartu Özgür Şafak Şeker
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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5
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Wickramage I, VanWye J, Max K, Lockhart JH, Hortu I, Mong EF, Canfield J, Lamabadu Warnakulasuriya Patabendige HM, Guzeloglu-Kayisli O, Inoue K, Ogura A, Lockwood CJ, Akat KM, Tuschl T, Kayisli UA, Totary-Jain H. SINE RNA of the imprinted miRNA clusters mediates constitutive type III interferon expression and antiviral protection in hemochorial placentas. Cell Host Microbe 2023; 31:1185-1199.e10. [PMID: 37315561 PMCID: PMC10524649 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2023.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hemochorial placentas have evolved defense mechanisms to prevent the vertical transmission of viruses to the immunologically underdeveloped fetus. Unlike somatic cells that require pathogen-associated molecular patterns to stimulate interferon production, placental trophoblasts constitutively produce type III interferons (IFNL) through an unknown mechanism. We demonstrate that transcripts of short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) embedded in miRNA clusters within the placenta trigger a viral mimicry response that induces IFNL and confers antiviral protection. Alu SINEs within primate-specific chromosome 19 (C19MC) and B1 SINEs within rodent-specific microRNA cluster on chromosome 2 (C2MC) produce dsRNAs that activate RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) and downstream IFNL production. Homozygous C2MC knockout mouse trophoblast stem (mTS) cells and placentas lose intrinsic IFN expression and antiviral protection, whereas B1 RNA overexpression restores C2MCΔ/Δ mTS cell viral resistance. Our results uncover a convergently evolved mechanism whereby SINE RNAs drive antiviral resistance in hemochorial placentas, placing SINEs as integral players in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishani Wickramage
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Jeffrey VanWye
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Klaas Max
- Laboratory for RNA Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - John H Lockhart
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ismet Hortu
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Ezinne F Mong
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - John Canfield
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | | | - Ozlem Guzeloglu-Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Kimiko Inoue
- Bioresource Engineering Division, BioResource Research Center, RIKEN, Tsukuba 305-0074, Ibaraki, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Atsuo Ogura
- Bioresource Engineering Division, BioResource Research Center, RIKEN, Tsukuba 305-0074, Ibaraki, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8572, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Charles J Lockwood
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Kemal M Akat
- Laboratory for RNA Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Thomas Tuschl
- Laboratory for RNA Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Umit A Kayisli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Hana Totary-Jain
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA; USF Heart Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA.
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6
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Wickline SA, Hou KK, Pan H. Peptide-Based Nanoparticles for Systemic Extrahepatic Delivery of Therapeutic Nucleotides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119455. [PMID: 37298407 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based nanoparticles (PBN) for nucleotide complexation and targeting of extrahepatic diseases are gaining recognition as potent pharmaceutical vehicles for fine-tuned control of protein production (up- and/or down-regulation) and for gene delivery. Herein, we review the principles and mechanisms underpinning self-assembled formation of PBN, cellular uptake, endosomal release, and delivery to extrahepatic disease sites after systemic administration. Selected examples of PBN that have demonstrated recent proof of concept in disease models in vivo are summarized to offer the reader a comparative view of the field and the possibilities for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel A Wickline
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33602, USA
| | - Kirk K Hou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Stein and Doheny Eye Institutes, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hua Pan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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7
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Kameda S, Ohno H, Saito H. Synthetic circular RNA switches and circuits that control protein expression in mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:e24. [PMID: 36642090 PMCID: PMC9976894 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac1252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic messenger RNA (mRNA) has been focused on as an emerging application for mRNA-based therapies and vaccinations. Recently, synthetic circular RNAs (circRNAs) have shown promise as a new class of synthetic mRNA that enables superior stability and persistent gene expression in cells. However, translational control of circRNA remained challenging. Here, we develop 'circRNA switches' capable of controlling protein expression from circRNA by sensing intracellular RNA or proteins. We designed microRNA (miRNA) and protein-responsive circRNA switches by inserting miRNA-binding or protein-binding sequences into untranslated regions (UTRs), or Coxsackievirus B3 Internal Ribosome Entry Site (CVB3 IRES), respectively. Engineered circRNAs efficiently expressed reporter proteins without inducing severe cell cytotoxicity and immunogenicity, and responded to target miRNAs or proteins, controlling translation levels from circRNA in a cell type-specific manner. Moreover, we constructed circRNA-based gene circuits that selectively activated translation by detecting endogenous miRNA, by connecting miRNA and protein-responsive circRNAs. The designed circRNA circuits performed better than the linear mRNA-based circuits in terms of persistent expression levels. Synthetic circRNA devices provide new insights into RNA engineering and have a potential for RNA synthetic biology and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigetoshi Kameda
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan.,Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University,Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Ohno
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Hirohide Saito
- Department of Life Science Frontiers, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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8
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Protein Transduction Domain-Mediated Delivery of Recombinant Proteins and In Vitro Transcribed mRNAs for Protein Replacement Therapy of Human Severe Genetic Mitochondrial Disorders: The Case of Sco2 Deficiency. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010286. [PMID: 36678915 PMCID: PMC9861957 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders represent a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders with variations in severity and clinical outcomes, mostly characterized by respiratory chain dysfunction and abnormal mitochondrial function. More specifically, mutations in the human SCO2 gene, encoding the mitochondrial inner membrane Sco2 cytochrome c oxidase (COX) assembly protein, have been implicated in the mitochondrial disorder fatal infantile cardioencephalomyopathy with COX deficiency. Since an effective treatment is still missing, a protein replacement therapy (PRT) was explored using protein transduction domain (PTD) technology. Therefore, the human recombinant full-length mitochondrial protein Sco2, fused to TAT peptide (a common PTD), was produced (fusion Sco2 protein) and successfully transduced into fibroblasts derived from a SCO2/COX-deficient patient. This PRT contributed to effective COX assembly and partial recovery of COX activity. In mice, radiolabeled fusion Sco2 protein was biodistributed in the peripheral tissues of mice and successfully delivered into their mitochondria. Complementary to that, an mRNA-based therapeutic approach has been more recently considered as an innovative treatment option. In particular, a patented, novel PTD-mediated IVT-mRNA delivery platform was developed and applied in recent research efforts. PTD-IVT-mRNA of full-length SCO2 was successfully transduced into the fibroblasts derived from a SCO2/COX-deficient patient, translated in host ribosomes into a nascent chain of human Sco2, imported into mitochondria, and processed to the mature protein. Consequently, the recovery of reduced COX activity was achieved, thus suggesting the potential of this mRNA-based technology for clinical translation as a PRT for metabolic/genetic disorders. In this review, such research efforts will be comprehensibly presented and discussed to elaborate their potential in clinical application and therapeutic usefulness.
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9
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Cheng X, Xie Q, Sun Y. Advances in nanomaterial-based targeted drug delivery systems. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1177151. [PMID: 37122851 PMCID: PMC10133513 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1177151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems (NBDDS) are widely used to improve the safety and therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated drugs due to their unique physicochemical and biological properties. By combining therapeutic drugs with nanoparticles using rational targeting pathways, nano-targeted delivery systems were created to overcome the main drawbacks of conventional drug treatment, including insufficient stability and solubility, lack of transmembrane transport, short circulation time, and undesirable toxic effects. Herein, we reviewed the recent developments in different targeting design strategies and therapeutic approaches employing various nanomaterial-based systems. We also discussed the challenges and perspectives of smart systems in precisely targeting different intravascular and extravascular diseases.
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10
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Efovi D, Xiao Q. Noncoding RNAs in Vascular Cell Biology and Restenosis. BIOLOGY 2022; 12:24. [PMID: 36671717 PMCID: PMC9855655 DOI: 10.3390/biology12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
In-stent restenosis (ISR), characterised by ≥50% re-narrowing of the target vessel, is a common complication following stent implantation and remains a significant challenge to the long-term success of angioplasty procedures. Considering the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, improving angioplasty patient outcomes remains a key priority. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) including microRNA (miRNA), long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) have been extensively implicated in vascular cell biology and ISR through multiple, both distinct and overlapping, mechanisms. Vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells and macrophages constitute the main cell types involved in the multifactorial pathophysiology of ISR. The identification of critical regulators exemplified by ncRNAs in all these cell types and processes makes them an exciting therapeutic target in the field of restenosis. In this review, we will comprehensively explore the potential functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ncRNAs in vascular cell biology in the context of restenosis, with an in-depth focus on vascular cell dysfunction during restenosis development and progression. We will also discuss the diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target potential of ncRNAs in ISR. Finally, we will discuss the current shortcomings, challenges, and perspectives toward the clinical application of ncRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Efovi
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
| | - Qingzhong Xiao
- William Harvey Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
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11
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Hetherington I, Totary-Jain H. Anti-atherosclerotic therapies: Milestones, challenges, and emerging innovations. Mol Ther 2022; 30:3106-3117. [PMID: 36065464 PMCID: PMC9552812 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the main underlying pathology for many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are the leading cause of death globally and represent a serious health crisis. Atherosclerosis is a chronic condition that can lead to myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. Elevated plasma lipids, hypertension, and high glucose are the major risk factors for developing atherosclerotic plaques. To date, most pharmacological therapies aim to control these risk factors, but they do not target the plaque-causing cells themselves. In patients with acute coronary syndromes, surgical revascularization with percutaneous coronary intervention has greatly reduced mortality rates. However, stent thrombosis and neo-atherosclerosis have emerged as major safety concerns of drug eluting stents due to delayed re-endothelialization. This review summarizes the major milestones, strengths, and limitations of current anti-atherosclerotic therapies. It provides an overview of the recent discoveries and emerging game-changing technologies in the fields of nanomedicine, mRNA therapeutics, and gene editing that have the potential to revolutionize CVD clinical practice by steering it toward precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Hetherington
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC08, 2170, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Hana Totary-Jain
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., MDC08, 2170, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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12
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Hou L, Zhang M, Liu L, Zhong Q, Xie M, Zhao G. Therapeutic Applications of Nanomedicine in Metabolic Diseases by Targeting the Endothelium. QJM 2022:6692319. [PMID: 36063067 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcac210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The endothelial cells not only constitute the barrier between the blood and interstitial space, but also actively regulate vascular tone, blood flow, and the function of adjacent parenchymal cells. The close anatomical relationship between endothelial cells and highly vascularized metabolic organs suggests that the crosstalk between these units is vital for systemic metabolic homeostasis. Here, we review recent studies about the pivotal role of endothelial cells in metabolic diseases. Specifically, we discuss how the dysfunction of endothelial cells directly contributes to the development of insulin resistance (IR), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), atherosclerosis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) via communication with parenchymal cells. Furthermore, although many biological macromolecules have been shown to ameliorate the progression of metabolic diseases by improving endothelial function, the low solubility, poor bioavailability, or lack of specificity of these molecules limit their clinical application. Given the advantages in drug delivery of nanomedicine, we focus on summarizing the reports that improving endothelial dysfunction through nanomedicine-based therapies provides an opportunity for preventing metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianjie Hou
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Liu
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiong Zhong
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiying Xie
- Guangdong Eco-Engineering Polytechnic, 297 Guangshan First Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510520, China
| | - Guojun Zhao
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan City People's Hospital, Qingyuan, 511518, Guangdong, China
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13
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Yan H, Hu Y, Akk A, Wickline SA, Pan H, Pham CTN. Peptide-siRNA nanoparticles targeting NF-κB p50 mitigate experimental abdominal aortic aneurysm progression and rupture. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 139:213009. [PMID: 35891603 PMCID: PMC9378586 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a progressive vascular condition associated with high risk of mortality if left untreated. AAA is an inflammatory process with excessive local production of extracellular matrix degrading enzymes, leading to dilatation and rupture of the abdominal aorta. We posit that targeting NF-κB, a signaling pathway that controls inflammation, will halt AAA progression and prevent rupture. In an elastase-induced AAA model we observed that NF-κB activation increased progressively post-elastase perfusion. Unexpectedly, we found that AAA progression was marked by predominant nuclear accumulation of the NF-κB p50 subunit at the exclusion of p65. Using the amphipathic peptide p5RHH to form nanocomplexes with siRNA, we sought to mitigate AAA progression by knocking down the expression of different NF-κB subunits. We found that the administration of NF-κB p65 siRNA was only beneficial when given early (day 3 post-elastase perfusion) while p50 siRNA was still effective in mitigating elastase-induced AAA even when delivery was delayed until day 5. Additionally, systemic delivery of p50 siRNA, but not p65 siRNA decreased the risk of aortic rupture and sudden death in the transforming growth factor-beta blockade model of AAA. In both murine models, knockdown of NF-κB was accompanied by a significant decrease in leukocyte infiltrates, inflammatory cytokine release, inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, and cell apoptosis. These results suggest that the NF-κB p50 and p65 subunits contribute differentially at different stages of disease and the timing of in vivo siRNA delivery was of critical importance. The results also provide a rationale for selective targeting of p50 for more specific therapeutic intervention in the medical treatment of small AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yan
- The John Cochran VA Medical Center, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America; The Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Ying Hu
- The John Cochran VA Medical Center, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America; The Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Antonina Akk
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Samuel A Wickline
- University of South Florida Health Heart Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, United States of America
| | - Hua Pan
- The Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America
| | - Christine T N Pham
- The John Cochran VA Medical Center, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America; The Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, United States of America.
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14
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Feng R, Chang ACY, Ni R, Li JCY, Chau Y. mRNA Delivery and Storage by Co-Assembling Nanostructures with Designer Oligopeptides. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3476-3486. [PMID: 35729172 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Broadening the applicable tools for mRNA delivery provides more flexibility in research and those proven effective and safe can potentially be translated for clinical use. We report here a 27-amino acid peptide sequence mimicking the viral capsid protein, termed pepMAX, capable of co-assembling with mRNA into 100-150 nm nanostructures for efficient transfection of multiple cell lines. The mRNA loading and N/P ratio have been systematically optimized for each cell line. In HeLa, HEK293, and SKNMC, the transfection attained (>80%) is comparable with that of commercially available vectors Lipofectamine MessengerMAXTM (LipoMMAX). Confocal microscopy reveals that pepMAX efficiently delivers mRNA into the cytosol and induces efficient protein production. The pepMAX/mRNA co-assemblies retain their transfection efficiency after storage up to one week at room temperature in lyophilized form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilu Feng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Atta Cheuk Yan Chang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Rong Ni
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Jacky Cheuk Yin Li
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Ying Chau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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15
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Kim Y, Kim H, Kim EH, Jang H, Jang Y, Chi SG, Yang Y, Kim SH. The Potential of Cell-Penetrating Peptides for mRNA Delivery to Cancer Cells. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061271. [PMID: 35745843 PMCID: PMC9227323 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro transcribed mRNA for the synthesis of any given protein has shown great potential in cancer gene therapy, especially in cancer vaccines for immunotherapy. To overcome physiological barriers, such as rapid degradation by enzymatic attack and poor cellular uptake due to their large size and hydrophilic properties, many delivery carriers for mRNAs are being investigated for improving the bioavailability of mRNA. Recently, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have received attention as promising tools for gene delivery. In terms of their biocompatibility and the ability to target specific cells with the versatility of peptide sequences, they may provide clues to address the challenges of conventional delivery systems for cancer mRNA delivery. In this study, optimal conditions for the CPP/mRNA complexes were identified in terms of complexation capacity and N/P ratio, and protection against RNase was confirmed. When cancer cells were treated at a concentration of 6.8 nM, which could deliver the highest amount of mRNA without toxicity, the amphipathic CPP/mRNA complexes with a size less than 200 nm showed high cellular uptake and protein expression. With advances in our understanding of CPPs, CPPs designed to target tumor tissues will be promising for use in developing a new class of mRNA delivery vehicles in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelee Kim
- Medical Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.K.); (E.H.K.); (H.J.); (Y.J.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Hyosuk Kim
- Medical Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.K.); (E.H.K.); (H.J.); (Y.J.)
| | - Eun Hye Kim
- Medical Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.K.); (E.H.K.); (H.J.); (Y.J.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Hochung Jang
- Medical Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.K.); (E.H.K.); (H.J.); (Y.J.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Yeongji Jang
- Medical Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.K.); (E.H.K.); (H.J.); (Y.J.)
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Sung-Gil Chi
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea;
| | - Yoosoo Yang
- Medical Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.K.); (E.H.K.); (H.J.); (Y.J.)
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Korea
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (S.H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-958-6655 (Y.Y.); +82-2-958-6639 (S.H.K.)
| | - Sun Hwa Kim
- Medical Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea; (Y.K.); (H.K.); (E.H.K.); (H.J.); (Y.J.)
- Correspondence: (Y.Y.); (S.H.K.); Tel.: +82-2-958-6655 (Y.Y.); +82-2-958-6639 (S.H.K.)
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16
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Tambe V, Patel S, Shard A, Behera SK, Polaka S, Anup N, Gadeval A, Kalia K, Tekade RK. Dendronized Polymeric Biomaterial for Loading, Stabilization, and Targeted Cytosolic Delivery of microRNA in Cancer Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Tambe
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Sagarkumar Patel
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Amit Shard
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- Central Instrumentation Facility, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Suryanarayana Polaka
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Neelima Anup
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Anuradha Gadeval
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Kiran Kalia
- Department of Biotechnology, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Tekade
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chem-icals and Fertilizers, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)─Ahmedabad, An Institute of National Importance, Government of India, Palaj, Opp. Air Force Station, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
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17
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Ding X, Fu Q, Chen W, Chen L, Zeng Q, Zhang S, He L. Targeting of MAD2L1 by miR-515-5p involves the regulation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Cell Biol Int 2022; 46:840-848. [PMID: 35143103 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although many previous studies have found that the mitotic arrest deficient 2-like 1 (MAD2L1) protein contributes to the proliferation of colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, but the upstream mechanism of MAD2L1 is still largely elusive. This study aimed to explore the miRNAs upstream of MAD2L1 to improve our understanding of the mechanism of the MAD2L1 gene in CRC. The upstream target miRNAs (miR-515-5p) of MAD2L1 were predicted by the online databases miRWalk, miRDIP and TargetScan. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression level of miR-515-5p in human CRC tissues. The targeting relationship between miR-515-5p and MAD2L1 was tested by dual luciferase reporter gene assays. The effects of miR-515-5p on the biological behaviors of CRC cells by regulating MAD2L1 expression were verified by qRT-PCR, western blot, CCK-8, and flow cytometry. The results showed that miR-515-5p was a highly reliable upstream miRNA of the MAD2L1 gene. As an upstream target miRNA of MAD2L1, miR-515-5p was lowly expression in CRC tissues. The overexpression of miR-515-5p could inhibit the proliferation of CRC cells and induce cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase leading to cell apoptosis. However, MAD2L1 gene overexpression could reverse the effects of miR-515-5p overexpression on the biological behaviors of CRC cells above. This study illustrated that miR-515-5p can inhibit proliferation and induce G1 phase arrest leading to apoptosis in CRC cells. The mechanism underlying this phenomenon may be related to the negative targeted regulation of MAD2L1. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyan Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weixing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linjie Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingjun Zeng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Sanjun Zhang
- Department of AnoRectal Surgery, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Linfang He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yueyang Central Hospital, Yueyang, 414100, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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18
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Hu Q, Fang Z, Ge J, Li H. Nanotechnology for Cardiovascular Diseases. Innovation (N Y) 2022; 3:100214. [PMID: 35243468 PMCID: PMC8866095 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2022.100214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases have become the major killers in today's world, among which coronary artery diseases (CADs) make the greatest contributions to morbidity and mortality. Although state-of-the-art technologies have increased our knowledge of the cardiovascular system, the current diagnosis and treatment modalities for CADs still have limitations. As an emerging cross-disciplinary approach, nanotechnology has shown great potential for clinical use. In this review, recent advances in nanotechnology in the diagnosis of CADs will first be elucidated. Both the sensitivity and specificity of biosensors for biomarker detection and molecular imaging strategies, such as magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, nuclear scintigraphy, and multimodal imaging strategies, have been greatly increased with the assistance of nanomaterials. Second, various nanomaterials, such as liposomes, polymers (PLGA), inorganic nanoparticles (AuNPs, MnO2, etc.), natural nanoparticles (HDL, HA), and biomimetic nanoparticles (cell-membrane coating) will be discussed as engineered as drug (chemicals, proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids) carriers targeting pathological sites based on their optimal physicochemical properties and surface modification potential. Finally, some of these nanomaterials themselves are regarded as pharmaceuticals for the treatment of atherosclerosis because of their intrinsic antioxidative/anti-inflammatory and photoelectric/photothermal characteristics in a complex plaque microenvironment. In summary, novel nanotechnology-based research in the process of clinical transformation could continue to expand the horizon of nanoscale technologies in the diagnosis and therapy of CADs in the foreseeable future. Nanotechnology represents new viable approaches for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide Nanotechnology-assisted biosensing and molecular imaging can improve the sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases Nanomaterials enable targeted drug delivery or directly exert therapeutic action for cardiovascular system, based on their physicochemical properties and surface modification
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Nanoparticle-Based Modification of the DNA Methylome: A Therapeutic Tool for Atherosclerosis? CARDIOGENETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cardiogenetics12010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular epigenomics is a relatively young field of research, yet it is providing novel insights into gene regulation in the atherosclerotic arterial wall. That information is already pointing to new avenues for atherosclerosis (AS) prevention and therapy. In parallel, advances in nanoparticle (NP) technology allow effective targeting of drugs and bioactive molecules to the vascular wall. The partnership of NP technology and epigenetics in AS is just beginning and promises to produce novel exciting candidate treatments. Here, we briefly discuss the most relevant recent advances in the two fields. We focus on AS and DNA methylation, as the DNA methylome of that condition is better understood in comparison with the rest of the cardiovascular disease field. In particular, we review the most recent advances in NP-based delivery systems and their use for DNA methylome modification in inflammation. We also address the promises of DNA methyltransferase inhibitors for prevention and therapy. Furthermore, we emphasize the unique challenges in designing therapies that target the cardiovascular epigenome. Lastly, we touch the issue of human exposure to industrial NPs and its impact on the epigenome as a reminder of the undesired effects that any NP-based therapy must avoid to be apt for secondary prevention of AS.
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20
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Elkhalifa D, Rayan M, Negmeldin AT, Elhissi A, Khalil A. Chemically modified mRNA beyond COVID-19: Potential preventive and therapeutic applications for targeting chronic diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 145:112385. [PMID: 34915673 PMCID: PMC8552589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemically modified mRNA represents a unique, efficient, and straightforward approach to produce a class of biopharmaceutical agents. It has been already approved as a vaccination-based method for targeting SARS-CoV-2 virus. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the prospect of synthetic modified mRNA to efficiently and safely combat various diseases. Recently, various optimization advances have been adopted to overcome the limitations associated with conventional gene therapeutics leading to wide-ranging applications in different disease conditions. This review sheds light on emerging directions of chemically modified mRNAs to prevent and treat widespread chronic diseases, including metabolic disorders, cancer vaccination and immunotherapy, musculoskeletal disorders, respiratory conditions, cardiovascular diseases, and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Elkhalifa
- Department of Pharmacy, Aspetar Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - Menatallah Rayan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed T Negmeldin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Thumbay Research Institute for Precision Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdelbary Elhissi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Office of the Vice President for Research and Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ashraf Khalil
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar; Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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21
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Wang X, Gao B, Ren XK, Guo J, Xia S, Zhang W, Yang C, Feng Y. A two-pronged approach to regulate the behaviors of ECs and SMCs by the dual targeting-nanoparticles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112068. [PMID: 34464910 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inhibiting vascular restenosis remains a tricky challenge for the postoperative development of cardiovascular interventional therapy. The ideal approaches should activate endothelial cells (ECs) and restrain smooth muscle cells (SMCs), however, they are commonly contradictory. Herein, a strategy was developed for synchronizing ECs promotion and SMCs inhibition by codelivery DNA and siRNA for combination therapy. Thus, an easy and efficient strategy integrated dual-superiorities of precise targeting and dual therapeutic genes to precisely regulate the behaviors of ECs and SMCs. The ECs-targeting REDV peptide and SMCs-targeting VAPG peptide grafted anionic polymers were used to surface-functionalize the delivery nanoplatforms for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plasmids and ERK2 siRNA delivery, respectively. The dual targeting-nanoparticles were prepared by physical mixing method, and their outstanding advantages were confirmed by the co-culture experiments. In comparison with single targeting-nanoparticles and dual non-targeting-nanoparticles, the dual targeting-nanoparticles simultaneously enhanced ECs proliferation/migration and restrained SMCs proliferation/migration. Moreover, the dual targeting-nanoparticles group manifested the highest VEGF expression in ECs and the lowest ERK2 expression in SMCs. In summary, the two-pronged strategy with dual targeting-nanoparticles provides a valuable cornerstone for synchronizing ECs promotion and SMCs inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Bin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Xiang-Kui Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Jintang Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, PR China
| | - Shihai Xia
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Splenic Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Chenglin Road 220, Tianjin, 300162, PR China
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Logistics University of People's Armed Police Force, Chenglin Road 220, Tianjin, 300162, PR China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Department of Clinical Research, Characteristic Medical Center of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Chenglin Road 220, Tianjin, 300162, PR China.
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin, 300350, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Chemical Engineering (Tianjin), Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Weijin Road 92, Tianjin, 300072, PR China.
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22
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Peptide-Based Nanoparticles for Therapeutic Nucleic Acid Delivery. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9050583. [PMID: 34065544 PMCID: PMC8161338 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9050583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy offers the possibility to skip, repair, or silence faulty genes or to stimulate the immune system to fight against disease by delivering therapeutic nucleic acids (NAs) to a patient. Compared to other drugs or protein treatments, NA-based therapies have the advantage of being a more universal approach to designing therapies because of the versatility of NA design. NAs (siRNA, pDNA, or mRNA) have great potential for therapeutic applications for an immense number of indications. However, the delivery of these exogenous NAs is still challenging and requires a specific delivery system. In this context, beside other non-viral vectors, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) gain more and more interest as delivery systems by forming a variety of nanocomplexes depending on the formulation conditions and the properties of the used CPPs/NAs. In this review, we attempt to cover the most important biophysical and biological aspects of non-viral peptide-based nanoparticles (PBNs) for therapeutic nucleic acid formulations as a delivery system. The most relevant peptides or peptide families forming PBNs in the presence of NAs described since 2015 will be presented. All these PBNs able to deliver NAs in vitro and in vivo have common features, which are characterized by defined formulation conditions in order to obtain PBNs from 60 nm to 150 nm with a homogeneous dispersity (PdI lower than 0.3) and a positive charge between +10 mV and +40 mV.
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