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Cattaneo A, Begni V, Zonca V, Riva MA. Early life adversities, psychopathologies and novel pharmacological strategies. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 260:108686. [PMID: 38969307 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Exposure to adversities during early life stages (early life adversities - ELA), ranging from pregnancy to adolescence, represents a major risk factor for the vulnerability to mental disorders. Hence, it is important to understand the molecular and functional underpinning of such relationship, in order to develop strategies aimed at reducing the psychopathologic burden associated with ELA, which may eventually lead to a significant improvement in clinical practice. In this review, we will initially recapitulate clinical and preclinical evidence supporting the link between ELA and psychopathology and we will primarily discuss the main biological mechanisms that have been described as potential mediators of the effects of ELA on the psychopathologic risk, including the role for genetic factors as well as sex differences. The knowledge emerging from these studies may be instrumental for the development of novel therapeutic strategies aimed not only at correcting the deficits that emerge from ELA exposure, but also in preventing the manifestation of a full-blown psychopathologic condition. With this respect, we will specifically focus on adolescence as a key time frame for disease onset as well as for early therapeutic intervention. We believe that incorporating clinical and preclinical research data in the context of early life adversities can be instrumental to elucidate the mechanisms contributing to the risk for psychopathology or that may promote resilience. This will ultimately allow the identification of 'at risk' individuals who may benefit from specific forms of interventions that, by interfering with disease trajectories, could result in more benign clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Cattaneo
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - Veronica Begni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Zonca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco A Riva
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milan, Italy; Biological Psychiatry Unit, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy.
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2
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Campbell BFN, Cruz-Ochoa N, Otomo K, Lukacsovich D, Espinosa P, Abegg A, Luo W, Bellone C, Földy C, Tyagarajan SK. Gephyrin phosphorylation facilitates sexually dimorphic development and function of parvalbumin interneurons in the mouse hippocampus. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02517-5. [PMID: 38503929 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
The precise function of specialized GABAergic interneuron subtypes is required to provide appropriate synaptic inhibition for regulating principal neuron excitability and synchronization within brain circuits. Of these, parvalbumin-type (PV neuron) dysfunction is a feature of several sex-biased psychiatric and brain disorders, although, the underlying developmental mechanisms are unclear. While the transcriptional action of sex hormones generates sexual dimorphism during brain development, whether kinase signaling contributes to sex differences in PV neuron function remains unexplored. In the hippocampus, we report that gephyrin, the main inhibitory post-synaptic scaffolding protein, is phosphorylated at serine S268 and S270 in a developmentally-dependent manner in both males and females. When examining GphnS268A/S270A mice in which site-specific phosphorylation is constitutively blocked, we found that sex differences in PV neuron density in the hippocampal CA1 present in WT mice were abolished, coincident with a female-specific increase in PV neuron-derived terminals and increased inhibitory input onto principal cells. Electrophysiological analysis of CA1 PV neurons indicated that gephyrin phosphorylation is required for sexually dimorphic function. Moreover, while male and female WT mice showed no difference in hippocampus-dependent memory tasks, GphnS268A/S270A mice exhibited sex- and task-specific deficits, indicating that gephyrin phosphorylation is differentially required by males and females for convergent cognitive function. In fate mapping experiments, we uncovered that gephyrin phosphorylation at S268 and S270 establishes sex differences in putative PV neuron density during early postnatal development. Furthermore, patch-sequencing of putative PV neurons at postnatal day 4 revealed that gephyrin phosphorylation contributes to sex differences in the transcriptomic profile of developing interneurons. Therefore, these early shifts in male-female interneuron development may drive adult sex differences in PV neuron function and connectivity. Our results identify gephyrin phosphorylation as a new substrate organizing PV neuron development at the anatomical, functional, and transcriptional levels in a sex-dependent manner, thus implicating kinase signaling disruption as a new mechanism contributing to the sex-dependent etiology of brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin F N Campbell
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Natalia Cruz-Ochoa
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kanako Otomo
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David Lukacsovich
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Espinosa
- Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Andrin Abegg
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Wenshu Luo
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Camilla Bellone
- Department of Basic Neuroscience, University of Geneva, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Csaba Földy
- Laboratory of Neural Connectivity, Brain Research Institute, Faculties of Medicine and Science, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
- Adaptive Brain Circuits in Development and Learning (AdaBD), University Research Priority Program (URPP), University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Shiva K Tyagarajan
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Sze Y, Brunton PJ. How is prenatal stress transmitted from the mother to the fetus? J Exp Biol 2024; 227:jeb246073. [PMID: 38449331 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.246073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Prenatal stress programmes long-lasting neuroendocrine and behavioural changes in the offspring. Often this programming is maladaptive and sex specific. For example, using a rat model of maternal social stress in late pregnancy, we have demonstrated that adult prenatally stressed male, but not prenatally stressed female offspring display heightened anxiety-like behaviour, whereas both sexes show hyperactive hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis responses to stress. Here, we review the current knowledge of the mechanisms underpinning dysregulated HPA axis responses, including evidence supporting a role for reduced neurosteroid-mediated GABAergic inhibitory signalling in the brains of prenatally stressed offspring. How maternal psychosocial stress is signalled from the mother to the fetuses is unclear. Direct transfer of maternal glucocorticoids to the fetuses is often considered to mediate the programming effects of maternal stress on the offspring. However, protective mechanisms including attenuated maternal stress responses and placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 (which inactivates glucocorticoids) should limit materno-fetal glucocorticoid transfer during pregnancy. Moreover, a lack of correlation between maternal stress, circulating maternal glucocorticoid levels and circulating fetal glucocorticoid levels is reported in several studies and across different species. Therefore, here we interrogate the evidence for a role for maternal glucocorticoids in mediating the effects of maternal stress on the offspring and consider the evidence for alternative mechanisms, including an indirect role for glucocorticoids and the contribution of changes in the placenta in signalling the stress status of the mother to the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sze
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Paula J Brunton
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, University of Edinburgh, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Joint Institute, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, P.R. China
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Colicino E, Cowell W, Pedretti NF, Joshi A, Petrick L, Niedzwiecki M, Wright RO, Wright RJ. Maternal steroids during pregnancy and their associations with exposure to lifetime stressful life events, prenatal stress appraisal and psychological functioning. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2023; 158:106395. [PMID: 37776732 PMCID: PMC10841416 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During pregnancy, steroids enable physiological adaptations in response to many factors, including maternal stress or psychological functioning. While stress and psychological dysfunction can have endocrine-disrupting effects beyond cortisol disruption, associations between prenatal maternal stress or related psychological dysfunction and the broader steroid milieu remain understudied. AIM To assess associations between independent and joint maternal stress and psychological functioning measures and steroid profiles in pregnancy (22-40 gestational weeks) in the Programming of Intergenerational Stress Mechanisms (PRISM) birth cohort (n = 334). METHODS Serum metabolomics detected 42 steroids and their metabolites, which were grouped into five classes (pregnenolone, androgens, estrogens, progestin, and corticosteroids). The Perceived Stress Scale, Life Stressor Checklist-Revised, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale indexed lifetime traumatic/non-traumatic stressors, global prenatal stress appraisal, and depressive symptoms during pregnancy, respectively. Exposures were categorized as high-low using the corresponding 3rd quartiles. We assessed associations between both individual and joint stress exposures with steroid classes using linear mixed effect models and with individual steroids using linear regressions. We also examined fetal sex-specific effects. RESULTS High prenatal perceived stress was independently associated with lower levels of androgens and estrogens in the overall sample [β (95%CI): androgens: -0.13 (-0.25;-0.01); estrogens: -0.16 (-0.31;-0.01)], particularly among women carrying males [androgens: -0.22 (-0.39;-0.05); estrogens: -0.28 (-0.50;-0.07)]. Results on estrogens were consistent when considering joint exposure to both greater lifetime stressors and higher prenatal perceived stress. We also found a single testosterone metabolite-5alpha-androstan-3alpha,17alpha-diol disulfate-negatively associated with both individual high perceived stress and joint exposure to high lifetime stressors and high perceived stress among women carrying males. CONCLUSIONS Increased maternal perceived stress experienced in pregnancy was independently associated with lower maternal androgen and estrogen levels during pregnancy in the overall sample, particularly among women carrying males. Results on estrogens were consistent when we considered the joint exposure of increased lifetime stressors and higher prenatal perceived stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Colicino
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Whitney Cowell
- Departments of Pediatrics and Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicolo Foppa Pedretti
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anu Joshi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lauren Petrick
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Megan Niedzwiecki
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rosalind J Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Kravis Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Zhang H, Zhang Y, Xu K, Wang L, Zhou X, Yang M, Xie J, Li H. Inhibition of FLT1 Attenuates Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities and Cognitive Impairment in Offspring Caused by Maternal Prenatal Stress. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04774-6. [PMID: 37979086 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04774-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1) has been shown to regulate processes such as angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and cognitive impairment. However, the role of FLT1 in prenatal stress (PS) is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of FLT1 in PS mothers and their offspring. Wire mesh restrainers were used to construct PS rat model. The levels of FLT1, IL-1β, IL-6, and ROS in clinical samples and rat samples were detected by qRT-PCR, ELisa kit, and DCFH-DA fluorescence kit. Morris water maze assay and forced swimming assay were used to test the cognitive function of offspring young rats. The apoptosis level of hippocampal neurons and the expression of NMDARs were detected by MTT assay, TUNEL assay, and Western blot. The results showed that FLT1 was upregulated in PS mothers and positively correlated with PS degree. The level of FLT1 was elevated in PS model rats. Knockdown of FLT1 reduced maternal ROS and MDA levels and increased SOD levels in PS rats. Knockdown of FLT1 also reduced the secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and cortisol in PS rats. Inhibition of FTL1 alleviated cognitive impairment in PS offspring pups. Inhibition of FTL1 reduced hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and increased the expression of NMDARs in PS progeny. In conclusions, we demonstrated that knockdown of FLT1 inhibits maternal oxidative stress, inflammation, and cortisol secretion in PS rats. In addition, knockdown of FLT1 also alleviated cognitive dysfunction and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in PS offspring pups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifang Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Division of Neonatology, NO.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yudan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Division of Neonatology, NO.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaixuan Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lawen Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingge Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiangli Xie
- Department of Emergency, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710003, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Division of Neonatology, NO.277, West Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Division of Neonatology, The Affiliated Children Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, 710003, China.
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Buczyńska A, Sidorkiewicz I, Krętowski AJ, Zbucka-Krętowska M. The Role of Oxidative Stress in Trisomy 21 Phenotype. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2023; 43:3943-3963. [PMID: 37819608 PMCID: PMC10661812 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-023-01417-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Extensive research has been conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the deregulated metabolic pathways in the development of trisomy 21 (T21) or Down syndrome. This research has shed light on the hypothesis that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the manifestation of the T21 phenotype. Although in vivo studies have shown promising results in mitigating the detrimental effects of oxidative stress, there is currently a lack of introduced antioxidant treatment options targeting cognitive impairments associated with T21. To address this gap, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to provide an updated overview of the involvement of oxidative stress in T21. The review aimed to summarize the insights into the pathogenesis of the Down syndrome phenotype and present the findings of recent innovative research that focuses on improving cognitive function in T21 through various antioxidant interventions. By examining the existing literature, this research seeks to provide a holistic understanding of the role oxidative stress plays in the development of T21 and to explore novel approaches that target multiple aspects of antioxidant intervention to improve cognitive function in individuals with Down syndrome. The guides -base systematic review process (Hutton et al. 2015).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Buczyńska
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
| | - Iwona Sidorkiewicz
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Adam Jacek Krętowski
- Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Białystok, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, ul. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland
| | - Monika Zbucka-Krętowska
- Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Adolescent Gynecology, Medical University of Białystok, ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276, Białystok, Poland.
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Pham C, Thomson S, Chin ST, Vuillermin P, O'Hely M, Burgner D, Tanner S, Saffery R, Mansell T, Bong S, Holmes E, Sly PD, Gray N, Ponsonby AL. Maternal oxidative stress during pregnancy associated with emotional and behavioural problems in early childhood: implications for foetal programming. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:3760-3768. [PMID: 37845496 PMCID: PMC10730421 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02284-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
Childhood mental disorders, including emotional and behavioural problems (EBP) are increasingly prevalent. Higher maternal oxidative stress (OS) during pregnancy (matOSpreg) is linked to offspring mental disorders. Environmental factors contribute to matOSpreg. However, the role of matOSpreg in childhood EBP is unclear. We investigated the associations between (i) matOSpreg and offspring EBP; (ii) social and prenatal environmental factors and matOSpreg; and (iii) social and prenatal factors and childhood EBP and evaluated whether matOSpreg mediated these associations. Maternal urinary OS biomarkers, 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHGua; an oxidative RNA damage marker) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG; an oxidative DNA damage marker), at 36 weeks of pregnancy were quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry in a population-derived birth cohort, Barwon Infant Study (n = 1074 mother-infant pairs). Social and prenatal environmental factors were collected by mother-reported questionnaires. Offspring total EBP was measured by Child Behavior Checklist Total Problems T-scores at age two (n = 675) and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Total Difficulties score at age four (n = 791). Prospective associations were examined by multivariable regression analyses adjusted for covariates. Mediation effects were evaluated using counterfactual-based mediation analysis. Higher maternal urinary 8-OHGua at 36 weeks (mat8-OHGua36w) was associated with greater offspring total EBP at age four (β = 0.38, 95% CI (0.07, 0.69), P = 0.02) and age two (β = 0.62, 95% CI (-0.06, 1.30), P = 0.07). Weaker evidence of association was detected for 8-OHdG. Five early-life factors were associated with both mat8-OHGua36w and childhood EBP (P-range < 0.001-0.05), including lower maternal education, socioeconomic disadvantage and prenatal tobacco smoking. These risk factor-childhood EBP associations were partly mediated by higher mat8-OHGua36w (P-range = 0.01-0.05). Higher matOSpreg, particularly oxidant RNA damage, is associated with later offspring EBP. Effects of some social and prenatal lifestyle factors on childhood EBP were partly mediated by matOSpreg. Future studies are warranted to further elucidate the role of early-life oxidant damage in childhood EBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Pham
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sarah Thomson
- Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sung-Tong Chin
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - Martin O'Hely
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Samuel Tanner
- Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Toby Mansell
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Sze Bong
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Elaine Holmes
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Peter D Sly
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia
- Child Health Research Centre, University of Queensland, South Brisbane, QLD, 4101, Australia
| | - Nicola Gray
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Harry Perkins Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia.
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Sameei P, Fatehfar S, Abdollahzadeh N, Chodari L, Saboory E, Roshan-Milani S. The effects of forced exercise and zinc supplementation during pregnancy on prenatally stress-induced behavioral and neurobiological consequences in adolescent female rat offspring. Dev Psychobiol 2023; 65:e22411. [PMID: 37607889 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal manipulations can lead to neurobehavioral changes in the offspring. In this study, individual and combined effects of forced exercise and zinc supplementation during pregnancy on prenatally restraint stress (PRS)-induced behavioral impairments, neuro-inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress have been investigated in adolescent female rat offspring. Pregnant rats were divided into five groups: control; restraint stress (RS); RS + exercise stress (RS + ES), RS + zinc supplementation (RS + Zn); and RS + ES + Zn. All the pregnant rats (except control) were exposed to RS from gestational days 15 to 19. Pregnant rats in ES groups were subjected to forced treadmill exercise (30 min/daily), and in Zn groups to zinc sulfate (30 mg/kg/orally), throughout the pregnancy. At postnatal days 25-27, anxiety-like and stress-coping behaviors were recorded, and the gene expressions of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the concentration of total antioxidant capacity were measured in the prefrontal cortex. PRS significantly enhanced anxiety, generated passive coping behaviors, increased IL-1β and TNF-α expression, and decreased the antioxidant capacity. ES potentiated while zinc reversed PRS-induced behavioral impairments. Prenatal zinc also restored the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacity but had no effect on additive responses imposed by the combination of RS and ES. Suppression of PRS-induced behavioral and neurobiological impairments by zinc suggests the probable clinical importance of zinc on PRS-induced changes on child temperament.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Sameei
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sina Fatehfar
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- School of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Naseh Abdollahzadeh
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saboory
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshan-Milani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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9
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Naomi R, Rusli RNM, Teoh SH, Bahari H, Zakaria ZA. Remodulation Effect of Elateriospermum tapos Yoghurt on Metabolic Profile of Maternal Obesity Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Anxiety-like Behavior in Female Offspring-An In Vivo Trial on Sprague Dawley Rats. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081613. [PMID: 37107408 PMCID: PMC10137489 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Pre-pregnancy weight gain induces dysregulation in the metabolic profile of the offspring, thereby serving as a key factor for cognitive decline and anxiety status in the offspring. However, early probiotic supplementation during the gestational period is linked with improved metabolic health. At the same time, a natural plant known as Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) is proven to improve cognition and modulate the stress hormone due to its high concentration of flavonoids. However, the effects of medicinal plant integrated probiotics in F1 generations warrants further investigation. Thus, this study aimed to study the effect of E. tapos yoghurt on the maternal obesity induced cognitive dysfunction and anxiety in female offspring. In this study, female Sprague Dawley rats were fed with normal chow (n = 8) or high fat diet (n = 40) across pre-pregnancy, gestation, and weaning. The treatment with different concentrations of E. tapos yoghurt (5, 50, and 500 mg/kg/day) were initiated in the obese dams upon post coitum day 0 up to postnatal day 21 (PND 21). Female offspring were weaned on PND 21 and body mass index, waist circumference, lee index, behavior, metabolic parameter, and antioxidant status were analyzed. The result shows that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group shows a decreased level of insulin, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, low fat tissue mass with a high level of HDL, and an increased level of antioxidant status in the hypothalamus. The behavioral assessment proves that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group exhibits a high recognition index on novel object/place with low anxiety-like behavior in an open field test. In conclusion, our data signify the beneficial effect of early intervention in obese dams on the transgenerational impact on female offspring's metabolic profile, cognitive performance, and anxiety-like behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Naomi
- Borneo Research on Algesia, Inflammation and Neurodegeneration (BRAIN) Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sabah Universiti Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rusydatul Nabila Mahmad Rusli
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Soo Huat Teoh
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 13200, Malaysia
| | - Hasnah Bahari
- Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria
- Borneo Research on Algesia, Inflammation and Neurodegeneration (BRAIN) Group, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sabah Universiti Malaysia, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia
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10
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Gedzun VR, Khukhareva DD, Sarycheva NY, Kotova MM, Kabiolsky IA, Dubynin VA. Perinatal Stressors as a Factor in Impairments to Nervous System Development and Functions: Review of In Vivo Models. NEUROSCIENCE AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 53:61-69. [PMID: 36969360 PMCID: PMC10006566 DOI: 10.1007/s11055-023-01391-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
The human body is faced with stress throughout ontogeny. At the stage of intrauterine development, the mother’s body serves as a source of resources and most of the humoral factors supporting the development of the fetus. In normal conditions, maternal stress-related humoral signals (e.g., cortisol) regulate fetal development; however, distress (excessive pathological stress) in the perinatal period leads to serious and sometimes irreversible changes in the developing brain. The mother being in an unfavorable psychoemotional state, toxins and teratogens, environmental conditions, and severe infectious diseases are the most common risk factors for the development of perinatal nervous system pathology in the modern world. In this regard, the challenge of modeling situations in which prenatal or early postnatal stresses lead to serious impairments to brain development and functioning is extremely relevant. This review addresses the various models of perinatal pathology used in our studies (hypoxia, exposure to valproate, hyperserotoninemia, alcoholization), and assesses the commonality of the mechanisms of the resulting disorders and behavioral phenotypes forming in these models, as well as their relationship with models of perinatal pathology based on the impact of psychoemotional stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- V. R. Gedzun
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - D. D. Khukhareva
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - N. Yu. Sarycheva
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - M. M. Kotova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - I. A. Kabiolsky
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - V. A. Dubynin
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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11
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Sze Y, Fernandes J, Kołodziejczyk ZM, Brunton PJ. Maternal glucocorticoids do not directly mediate the effects of maternal social stress on the fetus. J Endocrinol 2022; 255:143-158. [PMID: 36256689 PMCID: PMC9716396 DOI: 10.1530/joe-22-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Stress during pregnancy negatively affects the fetus and increases the risk for affective disorders in adulthood. Excess maternal glucocorticoids are thought to mediate fetal programming; however, whether they exert their effects directly or indirectly remains unclear. During pregnancy, protective mechanisms including maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hyporesponsiveness and placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βHSD) type 2, which inactivates glucocorticoids, limit mother-to-fetus glucocorticoid transfer. However, whether repeated stress negatively impacts these mechanisms is not known. Pregnant rats were exposed to repeated social stress on gestational days (GD) 16-20 and several aspects of HPA axis and glucocorticoid regulation, including concentrations of glucocorticoids, gene expression for their receptors (Nr3c1, Nr3c2), receptor chaperones (Fkbp51, Fkbp52) and enzymes that control local glucocorticoid availability (Hsd11b1, Hsd11b2), were investigated in the maternal, placental and fetal compartments on GD20. The maternal HPA axis was activated following stress, though the primary driver was vasopressin, rather than corticotropin-releasing hormone. Despite the stress-induced increase in circulating corticosterone in the dams, only a modest increase was detected in the circulation of female fetuses, with no change in the fetal brain of either sex. Moreover, there was no change in the expression of genes that mediate glucocorticoid actions or modulate local concentrations in the fetal brain. In the placenta labyrinth zone, stress increased Hsd11b2 expression only in males and Fkbp51 expression only in females. Our results indicate that any role glucocorticoids play in fetal programming is likely indirect, perhaps through sex-dependent alterations in placental gene expression, rather than exerting effects via direct crossover into the fetal brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sze
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
| | - Joana Fernandes
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
| | | | - Paula J Brunton
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, UK
- Zhejiang University-University of Edinburgh Institute, International Campus, Haining, Zhejiang, P.R. China
- Correspondence should be addressed to P J Brunton:
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12
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Sze Y, Brunton PJ. Neurosteroids and early-life programming: An updated perspective. CURRENT OPINION IN ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH 2022; 25:100367. [PMID: 36561280 PMCID: PMC7613978 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2022.100367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Early-life stress can lead to detrimental offspring outcomes, including an increased risk for mood disorders and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation. Neurosteroids bind to ligand-gated neurotransmitter receptors, rapidly modulating neuronal excitability and promoting termination of stress responses. Reduced neurosteroidogenesis underlies some of the aberrant neuroendocrine and behavioural phenotypes observed in adult prenatally stressed rodents. During development, disruptions in neurosteroid generation and action also lead to long-term programming effects on the off-spring's brain and behaviour. Here, we review recent advances in the field, focusing on the interaction between neurosteroids and early-life stress outcomes in adulthood and in the perinatal period. We also discuss the direction of future research, with emphasis on quantification methods, sex differences, and neurosteroids as targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Sze
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, Scotland, UK
| | - Paula J Brunton
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, Scotland, UK
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13
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Lee JI, Busler JN, Millett CE, Principe JL, Levin LL, Corrigan A, Burdick KE. Association between visceral adipose tissue and major depressive disorder across the lifespan: A scoping review. Bipolar Disord 2022; 24:375-391. [PMID: 34551182 DOI: 10.1111/bdi.13130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Increasing evidence supports a bidirectional relationship between major depressive disorder (MDD) and obesity, but the role of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as a measure of obesity in relation to MDD is not well understood. Here we review literature investigating the link between MDD and VAT in terms of biomarkers, sex differences, and aging. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL searches were conducted on December 11, 2020. No date or language limits were imposed. Major concepts searched were Depressive Disorder linked with Adipose Tissue, White, Hypothalmo-Hypophyseal System, and Pituitary-Adrenal System in addition to keywords. A final set of 32 items meeting criteria for inclusion. RESULTS Converging biological evidence suggests a significant bidirectional relationship between VAT and MDD across the lifespan. In adulthood, greater VAT was associated with increased risk for depression, especially in vulnerable groups such as individuals who are overweight/obese, postmenopausal women, and individuals with comorbid medical or psychiatric illness. In older adults, sarcopenia had an impact on the relationship between abnormal VAT and risk of depression. Additionally, sex differences emerged as a potential factor affecting the strength of the association between VAT and depression. CONCLUSIONS Elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms associated with increased rates of depression in obese individuals will be crucial for developing specific treatment strategies that seek to improve outcomes in individuals with comorbid depression and obesity. Moreover, identifying age- and sex-specific risk factors may contribute to a more personalized medicine approach, thereby improving the quality of clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-In Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jessica N Busler
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Caitlin E Millett
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jessica L Principe
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Leonard L Levin
- Countway Library, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexandra Corrigan
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine E Burdick
- Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Davis JLB, O’Connor M, Erlbacher H, Schlichte SL, Stevens HE. The Impact of Maternal Antioxidants on Prenatal Stress Effects on Offspring Neurobiology and Behavior. THE YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2022; 95:87-104. [PMID: 35370489 PMCID: PMC8961714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal stress is a neuropsychiatric risk factor, and effects may be mediated by prenatal oxidative stress. Cell types in the brain sensitive to oxidative stress-cortical microglia and cortical and hippocampal interneurons-may be altered by oxidative stress generated during prenatal stress and may be neurobiological substrates for altered behavior. Our objective was to determine the critical nature of oxidative stress in prenatal stress effects by manipulating prenatal antioxidants. CD1 mouse dams underwent restraint embryonic day 12 to 18 three times daily or no stress and received intraperitoneal injections before each stress period of vehicle, N-acetylcysteine (200 mg/kg daily), or astaxanthin (30 mg/kg before first daily stress, 10 mg/kg before second/third stresses). Adult male and female offspring behavior, microglia, and interneurons were assessed. Results supported the hypothesis that prenatal stress-induced oxidative stress affects microglia; microglia ramification increased after prenatal stress, and both antioxidants prevented these effects. In addition, N-acetylcysteine or astaxanthin was effective in preventing distinct male and female interneuron changes; decreased female medial frontal cortical parvalbumin interneurons was prevented by either antioxidant; increased male medial frontal cortical parvalbumin interneurons was prevented by N-acetylcysteine and decreased male hippocampal GAD67GFP+ cells prevented by astaxanthin. Prenatal stress-induced increased anxiety-like behavior and decreased sociability were not prevented by prenatal antioxidants. Sensorimotor gating deficits in males was partially prevented by prenatal astaxanthin. This study demonstrates the importance of oxidative stress for persistent impacts on offspring cortical microglia and interneurons, but did not link these changes with anxiety-like, social, and sensorimotor gating behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jada L-B Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, IA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience,
University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Mara O’Connor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, IA, USA
| | - Hannah Erlbacher
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, IA, USA
| | | | - Hanna E. Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa
City, IA, USA
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Neuroscience,
University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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15
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Dong Y, Chen S, Wang Z, Ma Y, Chen J, Li G, Zhou J, Ren Y, Ma H, Xie J, Li H, Zhu Z. Trends in Research of Prenatal Stress From 2011 to 2021: A Bibliometric Study. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:846560. [PMID: 35874593 PMCID: PMC9298743 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.846560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal stress during pregnancy can raise the risk of mental disorders in offspring. The continuous emergence of clinical concepts and the introduction of new technologies are great challenges. In this study, through bibliometric analysis, the research trends and hotspots on prenatal stress (PS) were explored to comprehend clinical treatments and recommend future scientific research directions. METHODS Studies on PS published on the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database between 2011 and 2021 were reviewed. Bibliometric analysis was conducted according to the number of publications, keywords, journals, citations, affiliations, and countries. With the data collected from the WoSCC, visualization of geographic distribution; clustering analysis of keywords, affiliations, and authors; and descriptive analysis and review of PS were carried out. RESULTS A total of 7,087 articles published in 2011-2021 were retrieved. During this period, the number of publications increased. Psychoneuroendocrinology is the leading journal on PS. The largest contributor was the United States. The University of California system was leading among institutions conducting relevant research. Wang H, King S, and Tain YL were scholars with significant contributions. Hotspots were classified into four clusters, namely, pregnancy, prenatal stress, oxidative stress, and growth. CONCLUSION The number of studies on PS increased. Journals, countries, institutions, researchers with the most contributions, and most cited articles worldwide were extracted. Studies have mostly concentrated on treating diseases, the application of new technologies, and the analysis of epidemiological characteristics. Multidisciplinary integration is becoming the focus of current development. Epigenetics is increasingly used in studies on PS. Thus, it constitutes a solid foundation for future clinical medical and scientific research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengquan Chen
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhifei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ge Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiahao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yating Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hengyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Juanping Xie
- School of Medicine, Qinba Chinese Medicine Resources R&D Center, Ankang University, Ankang, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhongliang Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Maternal and Infant Health, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
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16
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Juarez P, Martínez Cerdeño V. Parvalbumin and parvalbumin chandelier interneurons in autism and other psychiatric disorders. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:913550. [PMID: 36311505 PMCID: PMC9597886 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.913550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvalbumin (PV) is a calcium binding protein expressed by inhibitory fast-spiking interneurons in the cerebral cortex. By generating a fast stream of action potentials, PV+ interneurons provide a quick and stable inhibitory input to pyramidal neurons and contribute to the generation of gamma oscillations in the cortex. Their fast-firing rates, while advantageous for regulating cortical signaling, also leave them vulnerable to metabolic stress. Chandelier (Ch) cells are a type of PV+ interneuron that modulate the output of pyramidal neurons and synchronize spikes within neuron populations by directly innervating the pyramidal axon initial segment. Changes in the morphology and/or function of PV+ interneurons, mostly of Ch cells, are linked to neurological disorders. In ASD, the number of PV+ Ch cells is decreased across several cortical areas. Changes in the morphology and/or function of PV+ interneurons have also been linked to schizophrenia, epilepsy, and bipolar disorder. Herein, we review the role of PV and PV+ Ch cell alterations in ASD and other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Juarez
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospital for Children and UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
| | - Verónica Martínez Cerdeño
- Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine (IPRM), Shriners Hospital for Children and UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States.,MIND Institute, UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, United States
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17
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Neurotransmitter and Neurotransmitter Receptor Expression in the Saccule of the Human Vestibular System. Prog Neurobiol 2022; 212:102238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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18
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Woodward EM, Coutellier L. Age- and sex-specific effects of stress on parvalbumin interneurons in preclinical models: Relevance to sex differences in clinical neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 131:1228-1242. [PMID: 34718048 PMCID: PMC8642301 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Stress is a major risk factor for neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, with the capacity to impact susceptibility to disease as well as long-term neurobiological and behavioral outcomes. Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons, the most prominent subtype of GABAergic interneurons in the cortex, are uniquely responsive to stress due to their protracted development throughout the highly plastic neonatal period and into puberty and adolescence. Additionally, PV + interneurons appear to respond to stress in a sex-specific manner. This review aims to discuss existing preclinical studies that support our overall hypothesis that the sex-and age-specific impacts of stress on PV + interneurons contribute to differences in individual vulnerability to stress across the lifespan, particularly in regard to sex differences in the diagnostic rate of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric diseases in clinical populations. We also emphasize the importance of studying sex as a biological variable to fully understand the mechanistic and behavioral differences between males and females in models of neuropsychiatric disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M Woodward
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, 255 Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research Building, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States
| | - Laurence Coutellier
- Department of Neuroscience, Ohio State University, 255 Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research Building, 460 Medical Center Drive, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States; Department of Psychology, Ohio State University, 53 Psychology Building, 1835 Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH, 43210, United States.
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19
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Shi XT, Zhu HL, Xu XF, Xiong YW, Dai LM, Zhou GX, Liu WB, Zhang YF, Xu DX, Wang H. Gestational cadmium exposure impairs placental angiogenesis via activating GC/GR signaling. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 224:112632. [PMID: 34411824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gestational exposure to environmental Cd caused placental angiogenesis impairment and fetal growth restriction (FGR). However, its mechanism remained unclear. This study was to investigate the effects of Cd exposure during pregnancy on placental angiogenesis and its mechanism. Pregnant mice were exposed to CdCl2 (4.5 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 8 with or without melatonin (MT) (5.0 mg/kg), an anti-endoplasmic reticulum stress agent, from GD7 to GD15. Human primary placental trophoblasts and JEG-3 cells were stimulated using CdCl2 (20 μM) after MT (1 mM) preprocessing. We firstly found MT treatment obviously mitigated environmental Cd-induced placental angiogenesis disorder and reduction of the VEGF-A level. Mechanistically, MT reversed environmental Cd-downregulated the protein expression of VEGF-A via inhibiting glucocorticoid receptor (GR) activation. Notably, our data showed MT treatment antagonized Cd-activated GC/GR signaling via blocking PERK signaling and thereby upregulated VEGF-A and 11β-HSD2 protein expression. Based upon the population case-control study, the levels of VEGF-A and 11β-HSD2 protein in small-for-gestational-age placentae were significantly reduced when compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age placentae. Overall, environmental Cd exposure during gestation impaired placental angiogenesis via PERK-regulated GC/GR signaling in placental trophoblasts. Our findings will provide a basis for prevention and treatment of placental impairments and fetal growth restriction caused by environment toxicants in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Ting Shi
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Hua-Long Zhu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Xu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Study on Abnormal Gametes and Reproductive Tract, Anhui, China
| | - Yong-Wei Xiong
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Li-Min Dai
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Guo-Xiang Zhou
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Wei-Bo Liu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Yu-Feng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China.
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20
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Fukunaga H. Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126634. [PMID: 34205712 PMCID: PMC8235559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is known to contribute to mitochondrial diseases, as well as to a variety of aging-based pathologies. Mitochondria have their own genomes (mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)) and the abnormalities, such as point mutations, deletions, and copy number variations, are involved in mitochondrial dysfunction. In recent years, several epidemiological studies and animal experiments have supported the Developmental Origin of Health and Disease (DOHaD) theory, which states that the environment during fetal life influences the predisposition to disease and the risk of morbidity in adulthood. Mitochondria play a central role in energy production, as well as in various cellular functions, such as apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and calcium metabolism. In terms of the DOHaD theory, mtDNA copy number may be a mediator of health and disease. This paper summarizes the results of recent epidemiological studies on the relationship between environmental factors and mtDNA copy number during pregnancy from the perspective of DOHaD theory. The results of these studies suggest a hypothesis that mtDNA copy number may reflect environmental influences during fetal life and possibly serve as a surrogate marker of health risks in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisanori Fukunaga
- Center for Environmental and Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, N12 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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21
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Haq SU, Bhat UA, Kumar A. Prenatal stress effects on offspring brain and behavior: Mediators, alterations and dysregulated epigenetic mechanisms. J Biosci 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12038-021-00153-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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22
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Hula N, Spaans F, Vu J, Quon A, Kirschenman R, Cooke CLM, Phillips TJ, Case CP, Davidge ST. Placental treatment improves cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion insult in adult male and female offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia. Pharmacol Res 2021; 165:105461. [PMID: 33513355 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Offspring born from complicated pregnancies are at greater risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Prenatal hypoxia is a common pregnancy complication that results in placental oxidative stress and impairs fetal development. Adult offspring exposed to hypoxia during fetal life are more susceptible to develop cardiac dysfunction, and show decreased cardiac tolerance to an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult. To improve offspring cardiac outcomes, we have assessed the use of a placenta-targeted intervention during hypoxic pregnancies, by encapsulating the mitochondrial antioxidant MitoQ into nanoparticles (nMitoQ). We hypothesized that maternal nMitoQ treatment during hypoxic pregnancies improves cardiac tolerance to I/R insult in adult male and female offspring. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to normoxia (21 % O2) or hypoxia (11 % O2) from gestational day 15-20, after injection with 100 μL saline or nMitoQ (125 μM) on GD15 (n=6-8/group). Male and female offspring were aged to 4 months. Both male and female offspring from hypoxic pregnancies showed reduced cardiac tolerance to I/R (assessed ex vivo using the isolated working heart technique) which was ameliorated by nMitoQ treatment. To identify potential molecular mechanisms for the changes in cardiac tolerance to I/R, cardiac levels/phosphorylation of proteins important for intracellular Ca2+ cycling were assessed with Western blotting. In prenatally hypoxic male offspring, improved cardiac recovery from I/R by nMitoQ was accompanied by increased cardiac phospholamban and phosphatase 2Ce levels, and a trend to decreased Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ phosphorylation. In contrast, in female offspring, nMitoQ treatment in hypoxic pregnancies increased phospholamban and protein kinase Cε phosphorylation. Maternal nMitoQ treatment improves cardiac tolerance to I/R insult in adult offspring and thus has the potential to improve the later-life trajectory of cardiovascular health of adult offspring born from pregnancies complicated by prenatal hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Hula
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Floor Spaans
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Jennie Vu
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Anita Quon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Raven Kirschenman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Christy-Lynn M Cooke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Tom J Phillips
- Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, UK.
| | - C Patrick Case
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS10 5NB, UK.
| | - Sandra T Davidge
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada; Women and Children's Health Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2S2, Alberta, Canada.
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