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Diana JC, Chauntry AJ, Cowley E, Paterson C, Struder J, Pagan-Lasalle P, Meyer ML, Lin FC, Moore JB, Hanson ED, Stoner L. Protocol for a Study Investigating Context-Specific Sedentary Behaviors and Cardiometabolic Health in College-Based Young Adults (CONTEXT-SB). RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4470004. [PMID: 38946990 PMCID: PMC11213184 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4470004/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Background Sedentary behavior (SB) is detrimental to cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk, which can begin in young adulthood. To devise effective SB-CMD interventions in young adults, it is important to understand which context-specific sedentary behaviors (CS-SB) are most detrimental for CMD risk, the lifestyle behaviors that co-exist with CS-SBs, and the socioecological predictors of CS-SB. Methods This longitudinal observational study will recruit 500 college-aged (18-24 years) individuals. Two laboratory visits will occur, spaced 12 months apart, where a composite CMD risk score (e.g., arterial stiffness, metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers, heart rate variability, and body composition) will be calculated, and questionnaires to measure lifestyle behaviors and different levels of the socioecological model will be administered. After each visit, total SB (activPAL) and CS-SB (television, transportation, academic/ occupational, leisure computer, "other"; ecological momentary assessment) will be measured across seven days. Discussion It is hypothesized that certain CS-SB will show stronger associations with CMD risk, compared to T-SB, even after accounting for coexisting lifestyle behaviors. It is expected that a range of intra-individual, inter-individual, and physical environment socioecological factors will predict CS-SB. The findings from this study will support the development of an evidence-based, multi-level intervention to target SB reduction and mitigate CMD risk in CBYA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lee Stoner
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
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Huang HC, Chang SH, Yang X. Relationship between Sociodemographic and Health-Related Factors and Sedentary Time in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Taiwan. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2024; 60:444. [PMID: 38541170 PMCID: PMC10972224 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60030444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the associations between sociodemographic and health-related factors and sedentary time in middle-aged and older Taiwanese adults. Materials and Methods: A total of 1031 participants (460 men, 571 women; mean age 65.0 years ± 7.8 years; range 55 to 93 years) were randomly recruited from the National Computer Assessment Telephone Interview, Taiwan, in 2013. Sedentary time, TV viewing, physical activity, and sociodemographic factors were assessed through questionnaires. Body mass index was self-reported and calculated to evaluate obesity. In 2023, the associations between sedentary time and sociodemographic and health-related factors were analyzed using Pearson's correlation, cross tabulation, and logistic regression and were stratified by gender. Results: Over 47% of participants reported spending more than 2 h watching TV, and more than 33% reported engaging in over 6 h of total sedentary activities. Men and women with insufficient physical activity had a higher probability of prolonged sedentary time than their physically active counterparts (p = 0.032 for men, p = 0.024 for women). Both men and women who spent more than 2 h watching TV daily were more likely to have high sedentary time compared to those with shorter TV viewing durations (both p < 0.001). Highly educated and unmarried women exhibited a higher likelihood of prolonged sedentary time than their less educated and married counterparts (p = 0.021 and p = 0.01, respectively). Conclusions: Sedentary time showed significant and positive associations with both insufficient physical activity and prolonged TV viewing in both genders. Additionally, significant associations were observed between sedentary time and high education and unmarried status in women. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing gender-specific approaches in future interventions and policy initiatives aimed at reducing sedentary behavior among middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chin Huang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106308, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Hsi Chang
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 106308, Taiwan
| | - Xiaolin Yang
- Likes, School of Health and Social Studies, Jamk University of Applied Sciences, 40100 Jyväskylä, Finland;
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Wallmann-Sperlich B, Bucksch J, Lendt C, Biallas B, Bipp T, Froboese I. Home office shift and sedentary behaviour in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic: descriptives and related socioecological correlates. ERGONOMICS 2024; 67:1-12. [PMID: 37125437 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2202841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 working restrictions resulted in a location shift of white-collar workers into their home office (HO). Little is known about how the proportion of HO affects sitting and physical activity (PA) behaviour during working hours, and potential correlates are not well understood. A cross-sectional sample of currently working adults in HO (n = 575) completed questionnaires regarding HO proportion before and during the pandemic, work-related sitting and PA, and socioecological factors regarding HO sitting time. The reported HO proportion increased by 46.7 ± 40.6% during COVID-19 working restrictions. Workday sitting proportion correlates positively with HO proportion. The regression model identified gender, education level, working hours, working environment to stand during work, and transport and leisure PA as correlates of the workday sitting proportion in HO. This study provides findings that high HO proportions are related to higher work-related sitting times and adds insights into possible correlates of sitting time in HO.Practitioner summary: Working in the home office (HO) is a common characteristic of flexible work in white-collar workers. This study found that the workday sitting proportion correlates positively with HO proportion and identified correlates of the workday sitting in HO. Practitioners should consider the potential impacts of HO on work-related sedentary behaviour in future workplace health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jens Bucksch
- Department of Prevention and Health Promotion, Faculty of Natural and Sociological Sciences, University of Education Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claas Lendt
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bianca Biallas
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Tanja Bipp
- Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ingo Froboese
- Institute of Movement Therapy and Movement-oriented Prevention and Rehabilitation, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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Kowalsky RJ, Grosicki GJ, Meucci M, Hanson ED, Moore JB, Stoner L. Unseating the Sedentary Threat: A Vital Strategy for Curbing Cardiovascular Disease in Young Adults. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:1078-1080. [PMID: 37917974 PMCID: PMC10822707 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Kowalsky
- Department of Public Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Gregory J Grosicki
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Marco Meucci
- Department of Public Health and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC, USA
| | - Erik D Hanson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Justin B Moore
- Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Han M, Fang J, Zhang Y, Song X, Jin L, Ma Y. Associations of sleeping, sedentary and physical activity with phenotypic age acceleration: a cross-sectional isotemporal substitution model. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:165. [PMID: 36959562 PMCID: PMC10035275 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03874-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity was believed to be associated with reduced aging among adults, while the competing nature of the physical activity and sedentary behavior has mainly been neglected in studies. We aimed to estimate the association of sleeping, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with aging among adults, considering the competing nature between variables of activity status. METHODS A total of 5288 participants who were 20 years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were involved. The questionnaire was used to collect data regarding sociodemographics (age, sex, ethnicity/race, and education), and lifestyle behaviors (smoking, drinking). The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to measure self-reported time for sedentary behavior, walking/bicycling, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). The sleeping duration was obtained via interview. Phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel) was calculated as an aging index using nine chemistry biomarkers. Isotemporal substitution models using multivariable linear regression to examine the associations of sleeping, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with PhenoAgeAccel, stratified by MVPA (< 150 min/week, ≥ 150 min/week). RESULTS Thirty minutes per day spent on sedentary behavior was positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.11), and 30 min/day spent on leisure-time MVPA was adversely associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = - 0.55, 95% CI: - 0.73, - 0.38). Replacing 30 min/day sedentary behaviors with 30 min/day of MVPA (β = -3.98, 95% CI: -6.22, -1.74) or 30 min/day of walking/bicycling (β = -0.89, 95% CI: -1.10, -0.68) was adversely associated with PhenoAgeAccel. Substituting 30 min/day of walking/bicycling for 30 min/day of leisure-time MVPA was positively associated with PhenoAgeAccel (β = 3.09, 95% CI: 0.93, 5.25). CONCLUSION Sedentary behavior was positively associated with aging. Replacing sedentary behaviors with walking/bicycling or MVPA was adversely associated with aging among adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Han
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Liaoning Province, 110122, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Jiaxin Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Liaoning Province, 110122, Shenyang, P.R. China
| | - Xingxu Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Lina Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, No.1163 Xinmin Street, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China.
| | - Yanan Ma
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Liaoning Province, 110122, Shenyang, P.R. China.
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Higgins S, Cowley ES, Paterson C, Hanson ED, Dave GJ, Meyer ML, Lin FC, Gibbs BB, Vu M, Stoner L. Protocol for a study on Sitting with Interruption and Whole-Body Cardiovascular Health (SWITCH) in middle-aged adults. Contemp Clin Trials 2023; 125:107048. [PMID: 36509249 PMCID: PMC9918673 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior (SB) is a biologically distinct yet understudied cardiovascular disease risk (CVD) factor. However, specific public health policy regarding the optimal strategy for SB interruption is unavailable. This paper outlines the protocol for part I of the Sitting with Interruption and Whole-Body Cardiovascular Health (SWITCH) study, including the rationale, objectives, methodology, and next steps. We additionally detail practical considerations that went into the development of the NIH R01 grant supporting this research. METHODS Healthy men and women (n = 56, aged 36-55) who are inactive (<90 min/wk. of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activities for past 3 months) and sedentary (sitting for >8 h/day), will be recruited for this randomized crossover trial. Specifically, participants will complete the following 4-h conditions: (i) SB with once/h 5 min walk break; (ii) SB with once/h 15 min stand break; (iii) SB with twice/h breaks (alternating 5 min walk and 15 min stand); and (iv) SB with no breaks (i.e., control). Focus group discussions will refine our socioecological SB reduction model. RESULTS The primary outcome will be change in aortic arterial stiffness (i.e., pulse wave velocity; PWV, m/s) for each substitution strategy relative to the control (SB with no breaks) condition. CONCLUSIONS The outcomes from this study will facilitate the design of a subsequent randomized controlled trial to test a mechanism-informed, feasible SB-reduction intervention and support the development of SB policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Higgins
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Emma S Cowley
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Craig Paterson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erik D Hanson
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Gaurav J Dave
- Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Michelle L Meyer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Depart of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Feng-Chang Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Bethany Barone Gibbs
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Maihan Vu
- Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lee Stoner
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Depart of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Pollard B, Van Buskirk J, Engelen L, Held F, de Dear R. How many days of indoor positioning system data are required to characterise typical movement behaviours of office workers? APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 106:103915. [PMID: 36208499 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS) appear to offer great potential to study the movement and interaction of people and their working environment, including office workplaces. But little is known about appropriate durations for data collection. In this study, location observations collected from 24 office workers on a 1220 m2 office floor over a 3-month period, were analysed to determine how many days are required to estimate their typical movement and spatial behaviours. The analysis showed that up to 8 days of data was sufficient to characterise participants' typical daily movement behaviours and 10 days were required to estimate their typical spatial mobility. However, the results also indicate that 5 weeks of data collection are required to gather the necessary 10 days of data from each participant. These findings will help researchers and workplace professionals to understand the capabilities and requirements of IPS when considering their use in indoor work environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Pollard
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration and Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, 2006, Australia.
| | - Joe Van Buskirk
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration and Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Lina Engelen
- The University of Sydney, School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration and Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Fabian Held
- The University of Sydney, Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Enterprise and Engagement and Charles Perkins Centre, Sydney, 2006, Australia
| | - Richard de Dear
- The University of Sydney, Indoor Environmental Quality Laboratory, School of Architecture, Design and Planning, Sydney, 2006, Australia
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Muñoz-Paredes I, Herrero AJ, Román-Nieto N, Peña-Gomez AM, Seco-Calvo J. Influence of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Exercise on Fatigue and Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 11:healthcare11010084. [PMID: 36611546 PMCID: PMC9818739 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that leads to a great deterioration in the quality of life. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the effectiveness of two individual programs, one based on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) and another based on the effect of physical exercise on fatigue and quality of life in patients with MS. METHODS A total of 12 patients with relapsing-remitting and progressive secondary MS participated. Fatigue and quality of life were assessed before and after intervention. The exercise program and tDCS were carried out over a 4-week period, with a washout period of 5 months. RESULTS The results show significant improvements in the different quality of life subscales after the application of tDCS, activities of daily living (r = 0.625; p = 0.037) (g = 0.465), psychological well-being (r = 0.856; p = 0.004) (g = 0.727) and coping (r = 0.904; p = 0.18) (g = 0.376), and in those after the application of exercise, activities of daily living (r = 0.853; p = 0.003) (g = 0.570) and psychological well-being (r = 0.693; p = 0.041) (g = 0.417). After the application of both therapies, more than 50% of the subjects did not have a positive fatigue score on the MFIS scale. CONCLUSION The major findings suggest that the application of both therapies produces a beneficial effect with significant improvements in the quality of life of this sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inés Muñoz-Paredes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.M.-P.); (J.S.-C.)
| | - Azael J. Herrero
- Department of Health Sciences, European University Miguel de Cervantes, 47012 Valladolid, Spain
- Research Center on Physical Disability, ASPAYM Castilla y León, 47008 Valladolid, Spain
| | | | - Alba M. Peña-Gomez
- Multiple Sclerosis Association of Palencia, 34004 Palencia, Spain
- Physiotherapy Department, Hospital of Cabueñes, University of Oviedo, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - Jesús Seco-Calvo
- Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing, University of Leon, 24071 León, Spain
- Physiology Department, University of the Basque Country, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.M.-P.); (J.S.-C.)
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Associations between neighbourhood street connectivity and sedentary behaviours in Canadian adults: Findings from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269829. [PMID: 35771873 PMCID: PMC9246119 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that neighbourhood street connectivity is positively associated with physical activity, yet few studies have estimated its associations with sedentary behaviour. We estimated the associations between space syntax derived street integration, a novel measure of street connectivity, and sedentary behaviours among Canadian adults. Data were sourced from a population-based study–Alberta’s Tomorrow Project (n = 14,758). Items from the International Physical Activity Questionnaire captured sedentary behaviour, including sitting and motor vehicle travel time and walking. Street integration was measured within a 1600m radius of participants’ homes. Covariate-adjusted linear regression models estimated the associations between street integration and sedentary behaviour. Street integration was significantly positively associated with daily minutes of sitting on week (b 6.44; 95CI 3.60, 9.29) and weekend (b 4.39; 95CI 1.81, 6.96) days, and for week and weekend days combined (b 5.86; 95CI 3.30, 8.41) and negatively associated with daily minutes of motor vehicle travel (b -3.72; 95CI -3.86, -1.55). These associations remained significant after further adjustment for daily walking participation and duration. More research is needed to understand the pathways by which street integration positively and or negatively affects sedentary behaviour.
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Lee H, Lee M. Correlates of Objectively Measured Sitting Time in South Korean Adults: 2014-2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Front Public Health 2022; 10:846542. [PMID: 35619800 PMCID: PMC9127751 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.846542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate daily amounts of time spent sitting and frequency of breaks from sitting and to identify their sociodemographic, environmental, and health behavioral correlates for Korean adults (age = 19–65). This study analyzed accelerometer subdata from the 2014–2015 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 1,768). Ordinary least squares regression models stratified by weekday and weekend were tested to identify correlates of time spent sitting and number of sitting breaks. The average daily amounts of sitting time during weekdays and weekends were 500.63 min (95% confidence interval [CI] = 495.20–506.06) and 488.10 min (95% CI = 481.72–494.49), respectively. On weekdays and weekends, the average numbers of breaks from sitting per hour were 6.62 (95% CI = 6.57–6.68) and 6.60 (95% CI = 6.54–6.66), respectively. The participants with the greatest daily sitting time tended to be male, middle-aged, never married, office workers, and residents of a metropolis; tended to have a high school educational level or higher; and had never smoked, were underweight, were physically inactive, and slept <6 h a day. Fewer breaks from sitting was associated with being male, never married, middle-aged, an office worker, an apartment resident, never having smoked, and underweight. Higher education level and physical inactivity were associated with more frequent breaks from sitting. To reduce sedentary behavior, this study helps identify at-risk populations and their characteristics. Future studies should incorporate longitudinal data and measure domain-specific sedentary behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo Lee
- Department of Sport and Health Promotion, Sangmyung University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Miyoung Lee
- Department of Sport, Health, and Rehabilitation, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
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Lam WK, Liu RT, Chen B, Huang XZ, Yi J, Wong DWC. Health Risks and Musculoskeletal Problems of Elite Mobile Esports Players: a Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2022; 8:65. [PMID: 35553264 PMCID: PMC9106768 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-022-00458-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mobile-gaming athletes sit in the same posture for prolonged periods, contributing to significant health risks. This study investigated the health profiles, fatigue, pain and complaints, and musculoskeletal problems of full-time mobile-gaming athletes. METHODS A total of 50 elite mobile-gaming athletes were involved in this study. They were the starting lineup players from all ten professional teams competing in a top-tier multiplayer online battle arena tournament. A survey was conducted to evaluate their fatigue patterns, pain levels, and complaints. A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the athletes' health profiles [body mass index (BMI), fat ratio], fatigue, number of complaints, and musculoskeletal problems. The associations of career duration with BMI, fat ratio, and the total number of confirmed injuries were then determined using Spearman's rank correlation test. RESULTS A total of 46% and 44% of the participants felt tired frequently and occasionally, while 34% and 58% experienced eyestrain frequently and occasionally, respectively. More than 30% of the participants reported headache and rhinitis. A longer esports career duration was associated with a reduction in BMI (r = -0.272, p = 0.056). Career duration had no significant association with smoking habits (p = 0.666), alcohol habits (p = 0.655), coffee habits (p = 0.946), rounds of games for which the player could maintain concentration (p = 0.253), ease of eyestrain (p = 0.569), tiredness (p = 0.510), dizziness (p = 0.071), or leg numbness (p = 0.318). CONCLUSION The findings of this study stress the significance of esports injuries and indicate preventive measures for both athletes and recreational players.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Kai Lam
- Sports Information and External Affairs Centre, Hong Kong Sports Institute, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Rui-Tan Liu
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Bob Chen
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Xin-Zhou Huang
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Jie Yi
- Dr. Chen Sport Training and Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Duo Wai-Chi Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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Pollard B, McDonald G, Held F, Engelen L. Stop motion: using high resolution spatiotemporal data to estimate and locate stationary and movement behaviour in an office workplace. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:675-690. [PMID: 34514965 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.1980115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged periods of stationary behaviour, a common occurrence in many office workplaces, are linked with a range of physical disorders. Investigating the physical context of this behaviour may be a key to developing effective interventions. This study aimed to estimate and locate the stationary and movement behaviours of office workers (n = 10) by segmenting spatiotemporal data collected over 5 days in an office work-based setting. The segmentation method achieved a balanced accuracy ≥85.5% for observation classification and ≥90% for bout classification when compared to reference data. The results show the workers spent the majority of their time stationary (Mean = 86.4%) and had on average, 28.4 stationary and 25.9 moving bouts per hour. While these findings accord with other studies, the segmented data was also visualised, revealing that the workers were stationary for periods ≥5 min at multiple locations and these locations changed across time. Practitioner Summary: This study applied a data segmentation method to classify stationary and moving behaviours from spatiotemporal data collected in an office workplace. The segmented data revealed not only what behaviours occurred but also their location, duration, and time. Segmenting spatiotemporal data may add valuable physical context to aid workplace research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Pollard
- School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gordon McDonald
- Sydney Informatics Hub, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fabian Held
- Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Enterprise and Engagement and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lina Engelen
- School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration, Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Oye-Somefun A, Azizi Z, Ardern CI, Rotondi MA. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of treadmill desks on energy expenditure, sitting time and cardiometabolic health in adults. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:2082. [PMID: 34774020 PMCID: PMC8590128 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-12094-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background As the health risks of sedentary working environments become more clear, greater emphasis on the implementation of walking interventions to reduce sitting time is needed. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigate the role of treadmill-desk interventions on energy expenditure, sitting time, and cardiometabolic health in adults with sedentary occupations. Methods Relevant studies published in English were identified using CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed databases up to December 2020. Random effects meta-analysis models were used to pool study results. Results Thirteen relevant studies (six workplaces and seven laboratories) were found with a total of 351 participants. Pooled analysis of laboratory studies showed a significant increase in energy expenditure (105.23 kcal per hour, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 90.41 to 120.4), as well as metabolic rate (5.0 mL/kg/min, 95% CI: 3.35 to 6.64), among treadmill desk users compared to sitting conditions. No evidence of significant differences in blood pressure were found. In workplace studies, we observed a significant reduction in sitting time over a 24-h period (− 1.73 min per hour, 95% CI: − 3.3 to − 0.17) among users of treadmill desks, compared to a conventional desk. However, there were no evidence of statistically significant changes in other metabolic outcomes. Conclusions Treadmill desks offer a feasible and effective intervention to increase energy expenditure and metabolic rate and reduce sitting time while performing work-related tasks. Future studies are needed to increase generalizability to different workplace settings and further evaluate their impact on cardiometabolic health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-12094-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinkunle Oye-Somefun
- 222A Bethune College, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Zahra Azizi
- McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), 5252 De Maisonneuve Blvd, Montréal, QC, H4A 3S5, Canada
| | - Chris I Ardern
- 344 Bethune College, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Michael A Rotondi
- 364 Bethune College, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
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14
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Abstract
Nowadays, the percentage of time that the population spends sitting has increased substantially due to the use of computers as the main tool for work or leisure and the increase in jobs with a high office workload. As a consequence, it is common to suffer musculoskeletal pain, mainly in the back, which can lead to both temporary and chronic damage. This pain is related to holding a posture during a prolonged period of sitting, usually in front of a computer. This work presents a IoT posture monitoring system while sitting. The system consists of a device equipped with Force Sensitive Resistors (FSR) that, placed on a chair seat, detects the points where the user exerts pressure when sitting. The system is complemented with a Machine Learning model based on Artificial Neural Networks, which was trained to recognize the neutral correct posture as well as the six most frequent postures that involve risk of damage to the locomotor system. In this study, data was collected from 12 participants for each of the seven positions considered, using the developed sensing device. Several neural network models were trained and evaluated in order to improve the classification effectiveness. Hold-Out technique was used to guide the training and evaluation process. The results achieved a mean accuracy of 81% by means of a model consisting of two hidden layers of 128 neurons each. These results demonstrate that is feasible to distinguish different sitting postures using few sensors allocated in the surface of a seat, which implies lower costs and less complexity of the system.
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Understanding Variations in the Health Consequences of Sedentary Behavior: A Taxonomy of Social Interaction, Novelty, Choice, and Cognition. J Aging Phys Act 2021; 30:153-161. [PMID: 34257158 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2020-0360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The study of sedentary behaviors requires taxonomies (classification schemes) to standardize data collection, measurements, and outcomes. Three taxonomies of sedentary behaviors have been identified, but none address an important challenge in sedentary behavior research, which is to distinguish between beneficial and detrimental health effects of various sedentary behaviors. Some sedentary behaviors (e.g., reading) are associated with positive health outcomes, whereas other sedentary behaviors (e.g., television viewing) are associated with adverse health outcomes. To address directly this complexity and present a different conception and understanding of discrepant findings related to health outcomes, a new taxonomy is needed. The development of the new taxonomy is guided by analysis of literature and selection of a relevant and informative behavioral sciences theoretical framework (i.e., self-determination theory). Because older adults are an increasing percentage of the population and report a high prevalence of sedentary behaviors, the new taxonomy was designed for older adults with potential application to all age groups. Taylor's taxonomy of sedentary behaviors is parsimonious with four domains: social interaction (i.e., not solitary, companionship, interacting, and connecting with others); novelty (i.e., refreshingly new, unusual, or different); choice (i.e., volition, preferred option or alternative, the power, freedom, or decision to choose); and cognition (i.e., mentally stimulating and engaging).
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16
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Hayashi F, Ohira T, Okazaki K, Nakano H, Sakai A, Hosoya M, Shimabukuro M, Takahashi A, Kazama J, Yasumura S, Hashimoto S, Kawasaki Y, Kobashi G, Ohto H, Kamiya K. Relationship between physical activity/exercise habits and the frequency of new onset of lifestyle-related diseases after the Great East Japan Earthquake among residents in Fukushima: the Fukushima Health Management Survey. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:i129-i139. [PMID: 33978173 PMCID: PMC8114221 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rraa134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The effect of exercise habits on the increased incidence of lifestyle-related diseases among residents of the evacuation area in Fukushima Prefecture after the Great East Japan Earthquake is not well characterized. This study examined the influence of exercise habits on the frequency of new onset of lifestyle-related diseases in the aftermath of the earthquake using data from the Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS). Of the 32 289 individuals (14 004 men and 18 285 women) aged 40-90 years who underwent one or more health examinations in both 2011-12 and 2014-15, those who knew whether they had any lifestyle diseases and who responded to a questionnaire about their exercise and physical activity habits were included (dyslipidemia, 8017; hypertension, 7173; and diabetes mellitus, 13140 individuals). The association between the frequency of new onset of lifestyle-related diseases in 2014-15 and the presence or absence of persistent exercise and physical activity habits (active lifestyle) was examined using the FHMS data. The frequency of new onset of dyslipidemia was significantly lower in the active lifestyle group than in the sedentary lifestyle group (P = 0.008). On univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses, the presence of active lifestyle, obesity and the experience of evacuation showed a significant association with new onset of dyslipidemia, independent of age, sex or follow-up period. Thus maintaining physical activity and exercise habits may help prevent the new onset of dyslipidemia among residents of the evacuation area in the Fukushima Prefecture after the earthquake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumikazu Hayashi
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohira
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kanako Okazaki
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakano
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Akira Sakai
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Radiation Life Sciences, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Hosoya
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Atsushi Takahashi
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junichiro Kazama
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Seiji Yasumura
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shigeatsu Hashimoto
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Metabolism, Diabetes and Nephrology, Fukushima Medical University Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yukihiko Kawasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Gen Kobashi
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohto
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, School of Medicine, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kenji Kamiya
- Radiation Medical Science Center for the Fukushima Health Management Survey, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima-city, Fukushima, Japan
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Pollard B, Engelen L, Held F, de Dear R. Movement at work: A comparison of real time location system, accelerometer and observational data from an office work environment. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 92:103341. [PMID: 33360879 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Office workers can spend significant periods of time being stationary whilst at work, with potentially serious health consequences. The development of effective health interventions could be aided by a greater understanding of the location and environmental context in which this stationary behaviour occurs. Real time location systems (RTLS) potentially offer the opportunity to gather this much needed information, but they have not been extensively trialled in office workplaces, nor rigorously compared against more familiar devices such as accelerometers. The aim of this paper was to determine whether an RTLS can measure and spatially locate the non-stationary and stationary behaviours of adults working in an office work environment. Data collected from a series of comparison studies undertaken in a commercial office building suggests that RTLS can measure the velocity at which people are moving and locate them, when stationary, with an accuracy of 0.668 m (SD 0.389). This opens up significant opportunities to further understand how people move within buildings, the indoor physical environmental influences on that movement, and the development of effective interventions to help people to move more whilst at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Pollard
- School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Lina Engelen
- School of Public Health, Prevention Research Collaboration and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Fabian Held
- Office of the Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Enterprise and Engagement and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Richard de Dear
- IEQ Lab., School of Architecture, Design and Planning, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
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18
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Legan M, Zupan K. Prevalence of mobile device-related lower extremity discomfort: a systematic review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:1091-1103. [PMID: 33308036 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2020.1863657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mobile device users often experience musculoskeletal discomfort due to the intensive use of these devices in static body postures. Prolonged sitting and standing at work and in free time are risk factors for various diseases and all-cause mortality. Prolonged static postures are the main cause of lower extremity discomfort. A systematic search of the articles was conducted in four different electronic databases. All selected papers were appraised using a critical appraisal tool. Fourteen studies were selected for the review. The prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints ranged from 0.4 to 72.9%. Mobile device-related lower extremity discomfort ranged from 0.4 to 9.6%. The most common body posture among mobile device users in the selected studies was sitting. There is some evidence for the association between lower extremity pain and mobile device use. Experts should take this review as a basis to provide appropriate and effective ergonomic measures, especially for working mobile device users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maša Legan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Klementina Zupan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia
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19
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Li LC, Feehan LM, Xie H, Lu N, Shaw C, Gromala D, Aviña‐Zubieta JA, Koehn C, Hoens AM, English K, Tam J, Therrien S, Townsend AF, Noonan G, Backman CL. Efficacy of a Physical Activity Counseling Program With Use of a Wearable Tracker in People With Inflammatory Arthritis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 72:1755-1765. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.24199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Linda C. Li
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, and Arthritis Research Canada Richmond British Columbia Canada
| | - Lynne M. Feehan
- University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Hui Xie
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, and Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia Canada
| | - Na Lu
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, and Simon Fraser University Burnaby British Columbia Canada
| | - Chris Shaw
- Simon Fraser University Surrey British Columbia Canada
| | - Diane Gromala
- Simon Fraser University Surrey British Columbia Canada
| | - J. Antonio Aviña‐Zubieta
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, and Arthritis Research Canada Richmond British Columbia Canada
| | - Cheryl Koehn
- Arthritis Consumer Experts Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Alison M. Hoens
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, and Arthritis Research Canada Richmond British Columbia Canada
| | - Kelly English
- Arthritis Research Canada Richmond British Columbia Canada
| | - Johnathan Tam
- Arthritis Research Canada Richmond British Columbia Canada
| | | | | | - Greg Noonan
- Vancouver General Hospital Vancouver British Columbia Canada
| | - Catherine L. Backman
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, and Arthritis Research Canada Richmond British Columbia Canada
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20
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Gillen JB, Estafanos S, Williamson E, Hodson N, Malowany JM, Kumbhare D, Moore DR. Interrupting prolonged sitting with repeated chair stands or short walks reduces postprandial insulinemia in healthy adults. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 130:104-113. [PMID: 33180640 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00796.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We determined if interrupting prolonged sitting with practical "activity snacks" could reduce postprandial glycemia and insulinemia in healthy adults. Fourteen participants (7 males, 7 females; 24 ± 5 yr; 25 ± 5 kg/m2; 40 ± 8 mL/kg/min; 7,033 ± 2,288 steps/day) completed three 7.5-h trials in a randomized order consisting of uninterrupted sitting (SIT), sitting with intermittent (every 30 min) walking (WALK; 2 min at 3.1 mph), or sitting with intermittent squats (SQUAT; 15 chair stands with calf raise). Mixed-macronutrient liquid meals provided 20% ("breakfast") and 30% ("lunch") of daily energy needs to mimic Western meal patterns. Blood samples were obtained for analysis of postprandial plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, and skeletal muscle biopsy samples were collected to measure markers of contraction- and insulin-mediated glucose uptake signaling. Postprandial glucose and insulin did not differ across conditions following breakfast. After lunch, peak insulin concentration was lower in SQUAT (52 ± 27, P < 0.01) and WALK (62 ± 35, P < 0.05) compared with SIT (79 ± 43 μIU/mL). The insulin incremental area under the curve (iAUC) 1 h following lunch was 37 and 29% lower in SQUAT (P < 0.01) and WALK (P < 0.05) compared with SIT, respectively; however, 3-h insulin iAUC was reduced in SQUAT only (24% vs. SIT, P < 0.05). The 3-h insulin:glucose iAUC was reduced following lunch in both SQUAT (30%) and WALK (23%) compared with SIT (P < 0.05). Phosphorylation of AKTThr308, AKTSer473, and AS160Ser318 was not different between conditions (P > 0.05). Interrupting prolonged sitting with short walks or repeated chair stands reduces postprandial insulinemia in healthy adults. Our results may have implications for mitigating cardiometabolic disease risk in adults who engage in periods of prolonged sitting.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Breaking up prolonged sitting with intermittent walking breaks can improve glycemic control. Here, we demonstrated that interrupting prolonged sitting every 30 min with 1 min of repeated chair stands was as effective as 2-min treadmill walks for lowering postprandial insulinemia in healthy adults. Markers of contraction- and insulin-mediated muscle glucose uptake were unchanged. Repeated chair stands as a form of body-weight resistance activity may represent a cost- and space-efficient activity break for mitigating cardiometabolic-disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna B Gillen
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Estafanos
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Williamson
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Nathan Hodson
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Julia M Malowany
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Daniel R Moore
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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21
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Jung JY, Cho HY, Kang CK. Brain activity during a working memory task in different postures: an EEG study. ERGONOMICS 2020; 63:1359-1370. [PMID: 32552557 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2020.1784467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
While working is more comfortable in a supine position and healthier in a standing, most people work in a sitting. However, it is unclear whether there are differences in brain activity efficiency in different postures. Here, we, therefore, compared changes in brain activity across three different postures to determine the optimal posture for performing working memory tasks. Their effect on brain activity was examined using EEG signals together with the information of accuracy and reaction times during 2-back task in 24 subjects. Substantial differences in brain waves were observed at sitting and standing positions compared to the supine, especially in delta waves and frontal lobe, where is known to improve the modulation of brain activity efficiently. Brain efficiency was higher during standing and sitting than in a supine. These findings show that postural changes may affect the efficiency of brain activity during working memory tasks. Practitioner summary: Differences in brain efficiency between different postures during working memory tasks have not been explored. This study suggests that efficiency in several brain areas is higher during sitting and standing than in a supine position. This finding has important implications regarding workplace environments. Furthermore, this result would be useful to improve accomplishment and reduce negative effects of work posture. Abbreviations: EEG: electroencephalogram; PSQI: Pittsburgh sleep quality index; KSS: Karolinska sleepiness scale; FFT: fast fourier transform; ROI: region of interest; ANS: autonomic nervous system; Fp: prefrontal; AF: anterior frontal; frontal; Fz: midline frontal; temporal; central; Cz: midline central; P: parietal; Pz: midline parietal; O: occipital; Oz: midline occipital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Yeon Jung
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwi-Young Cho
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physical Therapy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Ki Kang
- Department of Health Science, Gachon University Graduate School, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiological Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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22
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Amegbor PM, Rosenberg MW. Health and socioeconomic risk factors for overnight admission among older adults in Ghana. JOURNAL OF POPULATION AGEING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12062-020-09294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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23
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Martinez Aguirre-Betolaza A, Mujika I, Loprinzi P, Corres P, Gorostegi-Anduaga I, Maldonado-Martín S. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep Quality in Adults with Primary Hypertension and Obesity before and after an Aerobic Exercise Program: EXERDIET-HTA Study. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10080153. [PMID: 32824416 PMCID: PMC7460177 DOI: 10.3390/life10080153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The purposes of the study were to: analyze, by objective (accelerometry) and subjective (International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ) methodologies, the physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in healthy adults (HEALTHY, n = 30) and individuals with primary hypertension (HTN) and overweight/obesity (n = 218); assess the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention on physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior (SB), and sleep quality in the HTN group; and evaluate the relationship between objectively measured and subjectively reported PA and SB. Methods: The measurements were performed before a 16-week exercise intervention period in both HEALTHY and HTN groups and after the intervention period only in the HTN group, randomized to attention control or exercise training (ExT) subgroups. Results: The HEALTHY group showed more moderate-to-vigorous PA (p < 0.05) and better sleep quality (p < 0.05) than the HTN group, but no difference in SB. After the intervention, HTN participants’ PA and SB, objectively measured by accelerometry, were unchanged, but increased PA and decreased SB (p < 0.05) were observed through IPAQ in ExT. The intervention was effective in improving sleep quality in HTN participants. Conclusions: The differences in moderate-to-vigorous PA and SB may be useful in defining the health profile of a population. The supervised aerobic exercise program was effective in increasing PA, reducing SB, and improving sleep quality in overweight/obese adults with HTN. Accelerometer-measured and self-reported data were not comparable, but complementary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Martinez Aguirre-Betolaza
- Department of Physical Education and Sport. Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain; (P.C.); (I.G.-A.); (S.M.-M.)
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-945-013-534
| | - Iñigo Mujika
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain;
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing. University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Basque Country, Spain
- Exercise Science Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Finis Terrae, 7501015 Santiago, Chile
| | - Paul Loprinzi
- Department of Health, Exercise Science, and Recreation Management, The University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS 38677, USA;
| | - Pablo Corres
- Department of Physical Education and Sport. Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain; (P.C.); (I.G.-A.); (S.M.-M.)
| | - Ilargi Gorostegi-Anduaga
- Department of Physical Education and Sport. Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain; (P.C.); (I.G.-A.); (S.M.-M.)
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain;
| | - Sara Maldonado-Martín
- Department of Physical Education and Sport. Faculty of Education and Sport-Physical Activity and Sport Sciences Section, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain; (P.C.); (I.G.-A.); (S.M.-M.)
- GIzartea, Kirola eta Ariketa Fisikoa Ikerkuntza Taldea (GIKAFIT), Society, Sports, and Physical Exercise Research Group, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz. Araba/Álava, Basque Country, Spain;
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24
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DELFINO LD, TEBAR WR, TEBAR FCSG, DE SOUZA JM, ROMANZINI M, FERNANDES RA, CHRISTOFARO DGD. Association between sedentary behavior, obesity and hypertension in public school teachers. INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2020; 58:345-353. [PMID: 32009026 PMCID: PMC7417500 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.2019-0170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to verify the prevalence and association of sedentary behavior and its breaks with obesity and cardiovascular risk factors in teaching professionals. The sample was composed by 245 public school teachers (186 women and 59 men), with a mean age of 45 yr. Sedentary behavior was evaluated by self-reported screen time in different devices (television, computer, cellphone/tablet), and sedentary breaks at work and leisure were assessed by a Likert scale (never, rarely, sometimes, often, always). Cardiovascular risk factors (overweight/obesity, abdominal obesity, blood pressure, and heart rate) were objectively collected by trained individuals in the work environment of the teachers. Logistic Binary Regression models were adjusted for confounding factors (age, sex, and socioeconomic status). The prevalence of sedentary behavior was 55.3% in the sample. High sedentary behavior was associated to abdominal obesity (OR=2.21 [CI=1.23-3.97]). No association was observed between sedentary breaks at work and independent variables, however teachers with high sedentary breaks at leisure time were less likely to present high blood pressure (OR=0.58 [CI=0.32-0.98]). In conclusion, high sedentary behavior was associated with abdominal obesity, and high sedentary breaks in leisure time were associated to lower chances of high blood pressure among public school teachers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Dragueta DELFINO
- Physical Education Department, School of Technology and
Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State
University (Unesp), Brazil
| | - William Rodrigues TEBAR
- Physical Education Department, School of Technology and
Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State
University (Unesp), Brazil
| | | | - Jefferson Marinho DE SOUZA
- Post-Graduation Program in Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy
Department, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil
| | - Marcelo ROMANZINI
- Physical Education and Sport Center, Physical Education
Department, State University of Londrina (UEL), Brazil
| | - Rômulo Araújo FERNANDES
- Physical Education Department, School of Technology and
Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State
University (Unesp), Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy
Department, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil
| | - Diego Giulliano Destro CHRISTOFARO
- Physical Education Department, School of Technology and
Science, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Movement Sciences, São Paulo State
University (Unesp), Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy
Department, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Brazil
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Li LC, Feehan LM, Xie H, Lu N, Shaw CD, Gromala D, Zhu S, Aviña-Zubieta JA, Hoens AM, Koehn C, Tam J, Therrien S, Townsend AF, Noonan G, Backman CL. Effects of a 12-Week Multifaceted Wearable-Based Program for People With Knee Osteoarthritis: Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2020; 8:e19116. [PMID: 32618578 PMCID: PMC7367519 DOI: 10.2196/19116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines emphasize an active lifestyle in the management of knee osteoarthritis (OA), but up to 90% of patients with OA are inactive. In a previous study, we demonstrated that an 8-week physiotherapist (PT)-led counseling intervention, with the use of a Fitbit, improved step count and quality of life in patients with knee OA, compared with a control. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the effect of a 12-week, multifaceted wearable-based program on physical activity and patient outcomes in patients with knee OA. METHODS This was a randomized controlled trial with a delay-control design. The immediate group (IG) received group education, a Fitbit, access to FitViz (a Fitbit-compatible app), and 4 biweekly phone calls from a PT over 8 weeks. Participants then continued using Fitbit and FitViz independently up to week 12. The delay group (DG) received a monthly electronic newsletter in weeks 1 to 12 and started the same intervention in week 14. Participants were assessed in weeks 13, 26, and 39. The primary outcome was time spent in daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA; in bouts ≥10 min) measured with a SenseWear Mini. Secondary outcomes included daily steps, time spent in purposeful activity and sedentary behavior, Knee Injury and OA Outcome Score, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Partners in Health Scale, Theory of Planned Behavior Questionnaire, and Self-Reported Habit Index. RESULTS We enrolled 51 participants (IG: n=26 and DG: n=25). Compared with the IG, the DG accumulated significantly more MVPA time at baseline. The adjusted mean difference in MVPA was 13.1 min per day (95% CI 1.6 to 24.5). A significant effect was also found in the adjusted mean difference in perceived sitting habit at work (0.7; 95% CI 0.2 to 1.2) and during leisure activities (0.7; 95% CI 0.2 to 1.2). No significant effect was found in the remaining secondary outcomes. CONCLUSIONS A 12-week multifaceted program with the use of a wearable device, an app, and PT counseling improved physical activity in people with knee OA. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02585323; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02585323.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Li
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Lynne M Feehan
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hui Xie
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Na Lu
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Christopher D Shaw
- School of Interactive Art & Technology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Diane Gromala
- School of Interactive Art & Technology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Siyi Zhu
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rehabilitation Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Antonio Aviña-Zubieta
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Alison M Hoens
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
| | - Cheryl Koehn
- Arthritis Consumer Experts, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Anne F Townsend
- Division of Health Research, Faculty of Health & Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancashire, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory Noonan
- Mary Pack Arthritis Program, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Catherine L Backman
- Arthritis Research Canada, Richmond, BC, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Mahmood S, MacInnis RJ, Karahalios A, English DR, Lynch BM. Leisure-Time Physical Activity Versus Sedentary Behaviour in Relation to Colorectal Adenoma and Cancer: Are these Two Distinct Risk Factors? CURRENT COLORECTAL CANCER REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11888-020-00454-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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The Effect of Domain-Specific Sitting Time and Exercise Habits on Metabolic Syndrome in Japanese Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17113883. [PMID: 32486232 PMCID: PMC7312666 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17113883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effects of domain-specific (i.e., occupational, leisure-time on workday, and holiday) sitting time (ST), and exercise on metabolic syndrome (MetS) development are insufficiently studied. The present study aimed to examine the single and combined effects of each domain-specific ST and exercise habits on MetS. The total and domain-specific STs of 5530 participants were collected using a validated questionnaire. The multiple logistic regression analyses determined the effects of each domain-specific ST and exercise habit on MetS. Of all participants, 7.8% had MetS. Odds ratios (ORs) for MetS were significant only in the group with the longest leisure-time ST on holidays (OR, 1.43; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.12-1.83); we found no significant associations with any other domain-specific ST after statistical adjustment for confounders. The no-habitual-exercise group clearly had a higher risk for MetS (OR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.15-1.80). The significantly higher ORs for MetS was shown in only the combined longer total ST (OR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.12-2.39) and holiday ST (OR, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.30-2.59) with no habitual exercise. These findings suggested that accumulated daily total ST, particularly leisure-time ST on holidays with no-habitual exercise, can increase the risk of MetS and it could possibly be mitigated by habitual exercise.
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Hassett L, Ada L, Hellweg S, Paul S, Alzahrani M, Dean C. Active and sedentary bouts in people after stroke and healthy controls: An observational study. PHYSIOTHERAPY RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 25:e1845. [PMID: 32301560 DOI: 10.1002/pri.1845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Understanding how both active and sedentary time is accumulated in people after stroke may help to better target interventions to reduce stroke recurrence. This study aimed to determine the difference between stroke and healthy controls in (a) time spent in sedentary and active behaviour, (b) frequency of short and long active and sedentary bouts and (c) time spent in short and long active and sedentary bouts. METHODS Analysis of secondary outcomes from a cross-sectional study. Participants were 42 community-dwelling people after stroke and 21 age-matched healthy controls. An activity monitor was used to collect free-living active and sedentary behaviour. Total active (standing and walking) and sedentary (lying, reclining and sitting) time was calculated in minutes per day. Bouts were categorized as short (<5 min, 5-15 min, 15-30 min) or long (>30 min). The frequency of and time spent in each bout were calculated. RESULTS Relative to wear time, the stroke group spent 10% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3 to 17) more time in sedentary behaviour and had fewer long active bouts than the healthy controls. The stroke group spent 7% (95% CI 1-13) less time in long active bouts and 11% (95% CI 2-20) more time in long sedentary bouts than the healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Community-dwelling people after stroke spent less time in active behaviour and accumulated more sedentary time in bouts longer than 30 min compared with healthy controls. Increasing active time and breaking up long sedentary time warrants investigation in people after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Hassett
- School of Health Sciences/Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Louise Ada
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie Hellweg
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Rehaklinik Bellikon, Bellikon, Switzerland
| | - Serene Paul
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Matar Alzahrani
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Catherine Dean
- Department of Health Professionals, Director of Physiotherapy, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Owen N, Healy GN, Dempsey PC, Salmon J, Timperio A, Clark BK, Goode AD, Koorts H, Ridgers ND, Hadgraft NT, Lambert G, Eakin EG, Kingwell BA, Dunstan DW. Sedentary Behavior and Public Health: Integrating the Evidence and Identifying Potential Solutions. Annu Rev Public Health 2020; 41:265-287. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040119-094201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In developed and developing countries, social, economic, and environmental transitions have led to physical inactivity and large amounts of time spent sitting. Research is now unraveling the adverse public health consequences of too much sitting. We describe improvements in device-based measurement that are providing new insights into sedentary behavior and health. We consider the implications of research linking evidence from epidemiology and behavioral science with mechanistic insights into the underlying biology of sitting time. Such evidence has led to new sedentary behavior guidelines and initiatives. We highlight ways that this emerging knowledge base can inform public health strategy: First, we consider epidemiologic and experimental evidence on the health consequences of sedentary behavior; second, we describe solutions-focused research from initiatives in workplaces and schools. To inform a broad public health strategy, researchers need to pursue evidence-informed collaborations with occupational health, education, and other sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neville Owen
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia;,
- Behavioural Epidemiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Genevieve N. Healy
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia;, , ,
| | - Paddy C. Dempsey
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia;,
| | - Jo Salmon
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia;, , ,
| | - Anna Timperio
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia;, , ,
| | - Bronwyn K. Clark
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia;, , ,
| | - Ana D. Goode
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia;, , ,
| | - Harriet Koorts
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia;, , ,
| | - Nicola D. Ridgers
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125, Australia;, , ,
| | - Nyssa T. Hadgraft
- Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia;,
| | - Gavin Lambert
- Iverson Health Innovation Institute, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
- Human Neurotransmitters Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G. Eakin
- School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia;, , ,
| | - Bronwyn A. Kingwell
- CSL Limited, Bio21 Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Metabolic and Vascular Physiology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - David W. Dunstan
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia;,
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
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30
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DE LAS HERAS BERNAT, LI ORVILLE, RODRIGUES LYNDEN, NEPVEU JEANFRANÇOIS, ROIG MARC. Exercise Improves Video Game Performance: A Win–Win Situation. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2020; 52:1595-1602. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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31
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Tam J, Lacaille D, Liu-Ambrose T, Shaw C, Xie H, Backman CL, Esdaile JM, Miller K, Petrella R, Li LC. Effectiveness of an online self-management tool, OPERAS (an On-demand Program to EmpoweR Active Self-management), for people with rheumatoid arthritis: a research protocol. Trials 2019; 20:712. [PMID: 31829286 PMCID: PMC6907135 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3851-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Active self-management is a process where patients are fully engaged in managing their health in daily life by having access to contextualized health data and tailored guidance to support a healthy lifestyle. This study aims to determine whether an e-health intervention that incorporates symptom/disease activity monitoring and physical activity counselling can improve self-management ability in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods The ‘Empowering active self-management of arthritis: Raising the bar with OPERAS (an On-demand Program to EmpoweR Active Self-management)’ project is a randomized controlled trial that uses a delayed control design. One hundred thirty-four participants with RA will be randomly assigned to start the intervention either immediately (immediate group) or 6 months later (delayed group). The intervention involves (1) use of a Fitbit-compatible web app to record and monitor their RA disease activity, symptoms, and time spent on physical activity and a Fitbit; (2) group education and individual counselling by a physiotherapist (PT); and (3) six phone calls with a PT. The primary outcome measure is self-management ability measured by the Patient Activation Measure. Secondary outcome measures include disease status, fatigue, pain, depressive symptoms, and characteristics of habitual behavior and also time spent in physical activity and sedentary activity with a wearable multi-sensor device (SenseWear Mini). After the 6-month intervention, we will interview a sample of participants to examine their experiences with the intervention. Discussion The results of this study will help to determine whether this technology-enhanced self-management intervention improves self-management ability and health outcomes for people living with RA. A limitation of this study is that participants will need to self-report their symptoms, disease status, and treatment use through questionnaires on the OPERAS web app. The user-friendly interface, reminder emails from the research staff, and tailored guidance from PTs will encourage participants to actively engage with the app. Trial registration Date of last update in ClinicalTrials.gov: January 2, 2019. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03404245.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Tam
- Arthritis Research Canada, Milan Ilich Arthritis Research Centre, 5591 No. 3 Road, Richmond, BC, V6X 2C7, Canada
| | - Diane Lacaille
- Arthritis Research Canada, Milan Ilich Arthritis Research Centre, 5591 No. 3 Road, Richmond, BC, V6X 2C7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Teresa Liu-Ambrose
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Friedman Building, 212 - 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Chris Shaw
- School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC, V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Hui Xie
- Arthritis Research Canada, Milan Ilich Arthritis Research Centre, 5591 No. 3 Road, Richmond, BC, V6X 2C7, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Catherine L Backman
- Arthritis Research Canada, Milan Ilich Arthritis Research Centre, 5591 No. 3 Road, Richmond, BC, V6X 2C7, Canada.,Department of Occupational Science & Occupational Therapy, University of British Columbia, 325-2211 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 2B5, Canada
| | - John M Esdaile
- Arthritis Research Canada, Milan Ilich Arthritis Research Centre, 5591 No. 3 Road, Richmond, BC, V6X 2C7, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, 2775 Laurel Street, 10th Floor, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1M9, Canada
| | - Kimberly Miller
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Friedman Building, 212 - 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.,Sunny Hill Health Centre for Children, BC Children's Hospital, 3644 Slocan Street, Vancouver, BC, V5M 3H4, Canada
| | - Robert Petrella
- Department of Family Medicine, 3rd Floor David Strangway Building, 5950 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Linda C Li
- Arthritis Research Canada, Milan Ilich Arthritis Research Centre, 5591 No. 3 Road, Richmond, BC, V6X 2C7, Canada. .,Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Friedman Building, 212 - 2177 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Wang NX, Chen J, Wagner NL, Rebello SA, Petrunoff NA, Owen N, Müller-Riemenschneider F. Understanding and Influencing Occupational Sedentary Behavior: A Mixed-Methods Approach in a Multiethnic Asian Population. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2019; 47:419-429. [PMID: 31661980 DOI: 10.1177/1090198119885431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We aim to assess sedentary behavior (SB) and its determinants, as well as potential strategies to reduce SB among employees in a tertiary hospital in Singapore, using a mixed-methods approach grounded in the socioecological framework. All employees with email and security guards of a tertiary hospital in Singapore were invited to complete a questionnaire that captured sociodemographics and self-reported domain-specific SB. Environmental influences of occupational SB were assessed using an adapted version of the Checklist for Health Promotion Environments at the Worksite (CHEW). Focus group discussion (FGD) addressed perceptions, barriers, and strategies toward reducing workplace SB. Analyses were performed separately and integrated using an inductive comparative approach. The median occupational sitting time (n = 938) was 300 minutes/day, and highest among administrative staff (administrative, 421 minutes/day; allied health, 300 minutes/day; ancillary, 300 minutes/day; nursing, 120 minutes/day; medical/dental/others, 240 minutes/day; p value: <.001). The CHEW assessment identified poor physical and information environment contributing to occupational SB. FGDs confirmed an unsupportive environment and elicited barriers such as low SB awareness, nature of work, and workplace norms. Besides environmental approaches, participants suggested having face-to-face communication and social modelling to promote more breaks from sitting. This mixed-methods study among diverse professional groups of a tertiary hospital indicated a large amount of occupational SB, particularly among administrative staff. Raising awareness of the health risks of SB and building a supportive organizational culture, information, and physical environment emerged as significant factors. To reduce occupational SB, multicomponent interventions addressing these diverse factors are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Neville Owen
- Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The University of Queensland, Herston, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Perceived Barriers and Facilitators to Breaking Up Sitting Time among Desk-Based Office Workers: A Qualitative Investigation Using the TDF and COM-B. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16162903. [PMID: 31416112 PMCID: PMC6720704 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16162903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High amounts of sedentary behaviour, such as sitting, can lead to adverse health consequences. Interventions to break up prolonged sitting in the workplace have used active workstations, although few studies have used behaviour change theory. This study aimed to combine the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation to Behaviour system (COM-B) to investigate perceived barriers and facilitators to breaking up sitting in desk-based office workers. Semi-structured interviews with 25 desk-based employees investigated barriers and facilitators to breaking up sitting in the workplace. Seven core inductive themes were identified: ‘Knowledge-deficit sitting behaviour’, ‘Willingness to change’, ‘Tied to the desk’, ‘Organisational support and interpersonal influences’, ‘Competing motivations’, ‘Emotional influences’, and ‘Inadequate cognitive resources for action’. These themes were then deductively mapped to 11 of the 14 TDF domains and five of the six COM-B constructs. Participants believed that high amounts of sitting had adverse consequences but lacked knowledge regarding recommendations and were at times unmotivated to change. Physical and social opportunities were identified as key influences, including organisational support and height-adjustable desks. Future research should identify intervention functions, policy categories and behaviour change techniques to inform tailored interventions to change sitting behaviour of office workers.
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Wilkerson AH, Bhochhibhoya S, Dragicevic A, Umstattd Meyer MR. An Ecological Investigation of Barriers and Facilitators Impacting Standing Desk Use in Real Working Conditions: A Qualitative Study. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH EDUCATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/19325037.2019.1642266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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35
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Carmona-Iragui M, Videla L, Lleó A, Fortea J. Down syndrome, Alzheimer disease, and cerebral amyloid angiopathy: The complex triangle of brain amyloidosis. Dev Neurobiol 2019; 79:716-737. [PMID: 31278851 DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Down syndrome (DS) is the main genetic cause of intellectual disability worldwide. The overexpression of the Amyloid Precursor Protein, present in chromosome 21, leads to β-amyloid deposition that results in Alzheimer disease (AD) and, in most cases, also to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) neuropathology. People with DS invariably develop the neuropathological hallmarks of AD at the age of 40, and they are at an ultra high risk for suffering AD-related cognitive impairment thereafter. In the general population, cerebrovascular disease is a significant contributor to AD-related cognitive impairment, while in DS remains understudied. This review describes the current knowledge on cerebrovascular disease in DS and reviews the potential biomarkers that could be useful in the future studies, focusing on CAA. We also discuss available evidence on sporadic AD or other genetically determined forms of AD. We highlight the urgent need of large biomarker-characterized cohorts, including neuropathological correlations, to study the exact contribution of CAA and related vascular factors that play a role in cognition and occur with aging, their characterization and interrelationships. DS represents a unique context in which to perform these studies as this population is relatively protected from some conventional vascular risk factors and they develop significant CAA, DS represents a particular atheroma-free model to study AD-related vascular pathologies. Only deepening on these underlying mechanisms, new preventive and therapeutic strategies could be designed to improve the quality of life of this population and their caregivers and lead to new avenues of treatment also in the general AD population.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carmona-Iragui
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Videla
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Lleó
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Fortea
- Memory Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau- Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
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Does fitness attenuate the relationship between changes in sitting time and health-related quality of life over time in community-dwelling older adults? Evidence from the EXERNET multicenter longitudinal study. Qual Life Res 2019; 28:3259-3266. [DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Fujii Y, Osaki Y. The willingness to pay for health improvement under comorbidity ambiguity. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS 2019; 66:91-100. [PMID: 31136854 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Accumulated medical information is necessary to determine comorbidity risk between a primary disease and secondary diseases. However, medical decisions often must be made without conclusive evidence because individuals do not have sufficient information. By introducing ambiguity regarding comorbidities, we describe situations in which individuals face a set of plausible comorbidity risks that determines the correlations between primary and secondary diseases. This study examines the conditions under which the willingness to pay for health improvement is larger with comorbidity ambiguity than without it. This study also examines the effect of changes in ambiguity and ambiguity aversion on the willingness to pay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Fujii
- School of Commerce, Meiji University, 1-1 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8301, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Osaki
- Faculty of Commerce, Waseda University, 1-6-1 Nishiwaseda, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8050, Japan.
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Frank LD, Hong A, Ngo VD. Causal evaluation of urban greenway retrofit: A longitudinal study on physical activity and sedentary behavior. Prev Med 2019; 123:109-116. [PMID: 30731094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies of the built environment and physical activity (PA) have primarily been cross-sectional. Evidence on the causal impacts of transportation improvements on PA and sedentary behavior (SB) is lacking. This study assessed the effect of retrofitting an urban greenway on PA and SB in Vancouver, Canada. A sample of 524 participants (median age of 44; 57% female) were divided into experimental and control groups, and the effect of exposure to the greenway was examined by using different distance thresholds. Self-report measures of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) and SB were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-SF) before (baseline; 2012-2013) and after (follow-up; 2014-2015) construction of the Comox-Helmcken Greenway in 2013. Mixed-effects models estimated the impacts of greenway on MVPA and SB. For participants living near the greenway (≤300 m), the odds of achieving an average of 20 min of daily MVPA doubled (OR = 2.00; 95% CI = 1.00, 3.98) after the greenway's opening. The odds of being sedentary for >9 h declined by 54% (OR = 0.46; 95% CI = 0.25, 0.85) after opening. PA benefits from the greenway declined with distance from 100 m to 500 m. Reduction in SB was lowest at 100 m and greatest at 300 m. Retrofitting an urban residential neighborhood through greenway interventions can be successful in promoting physical activity while reducing sedentary behavior. Recommendations for future longitudinal research include the use of objective PA measures, studying different neighborhood contexts, collecting more representative samples, and minimizing attrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence D Frank
- University of British Columbia, School of Population and Public Health, School of Community and Regional Planning, Room 360B - 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Andy Hong
- University of Oxford, The George Institute for Global Health, Nuffield Department of Women's & Reproductive Health, Hayes House, 75 George Street, Oxford OX1 2BQ, United Kingdom.
| | - Victor Douglas Ngo
- University of British Columbia, School of Population and Public Health, School of Community and Regional Planning, Room 360B - 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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Romanzini CLP, Romanzini M, Batista MB, Barbosa CCL, Shigaki GB, Dunton G, Mason T, Ronque ERV. Methodology Used in Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies About Sedentary Behavior in Children, Adolescents, and Adults: Systematic Review Using the Checklist for Reporting Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies. J Med Internet Res 2019; 21:e11967. [PMID: 31094349 PMCID: PMC6540725 DOI: 10.2196/11967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to measure sedentary behavior (SB) in children, adolescents, and adults can increase the understanding of the role of the context of SB in health outcomes. Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review literature to describe EMA methodology used in studies on SB in youth and adults, verify how many studies adhere to the Methods aspect of the Checklist for Reporting EMA Studies (CREMAS), and detail measures used to assess SB and this associated context. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and SPORTDiscus databases, covering the entire period of existence of the databases until January 2018. Results This review presented information about the characteristics and methodology used in 21 articles that utilized EMA to measure SB in youth and adults. There were more studies conducted among youth compared with adults, and studies of youth included more waves and more participants (n=696) than studies with adults (n=97). Most studies (85.7%) adhered to the Methods aspect of the CREMAS. The main criteria used to measure SB in EMA were self-report (81%) with only 19% measuring SB using objective methods (eg, accelerometer). The main equipment to collect objective SB was the ActiGraph, and the cutoff point to define SB was <100 counts/min. Studies most commonly used a 15-min window to compare EMA and accelerometer data. Conclusions The majority of studies in this review met minimum CREMAS criteria for studies conducted with EMA. Most studies measured SB with EMA self-report (n=17; 81.0%), and a few studies also used objective methods (n=4; 19%). The standardization of the 15-min window criteria to compare EMA and accelerometer data would lead to a comparison between these and new studies. New studies using EMA with mobile phones should be conducted as they can be considered an attractive method for capturing information about the specific context of SB activities of young people and adults in real time or very close to it.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marcelo Romanzini
- Londrina State University, Department of Physical Education, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gabriela Blasquez Shigaki
- Rio Preto University Center, Department of Physical Education, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.,Paulista University, Department of Physical Education, São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Genevieve Dunton
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tyler Mason
- University of Southern California, Department of Preventive Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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AlQuaiz AM, Siddiqui AR, Kazi A, Batais MA, Al-Hazmi AM. Sedentary lifestyle and Framingham risk scores: a population-based study in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019; 19:88. [PMID: 30961530 PMCID: PMC6454662 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-019-1048-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies from Saudi Arabia have reported a continued increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and their associated risk factors. The objective of this study was to measure the gender differences in the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk based on Framingham risk scores (FRS) and to explore the association of FRS with sedentary life style including physical inactivity, sitting time and central obesity among Saudi adults. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 2997 Saudi adults (males = 968, females = 2029) selected from 18 primary health care centres in Riyadh city, from December 2014 to August 2015. A detailed interview that evaluated lifestyle and past medical history was conducted; furthermore, anthropometric measurements and blood samples were collected for lipid profiling. The FRS were calculated based on the age, gender, systolic blood pressure, treatment for hypertension, diabetes, smoking status, total blood cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein levels. These scores were categorized into low risk (FRS < 10) and high/intermediate risk (≥10). A multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed. RESULTS The mean (±SD) age of the males and females was 43.1(±11.7) vs 43.8(±10.9) years (p = 0.07), respectively. The number of Saudi male participants with intermediate-to-high FRS scores (≥10) was almost twice that of females (males 33% vs 17%). The multivariable logistic regression model after adjusting for education level and housing type, found that low physical activity (aOR & 95%CI for males 2.91 (1.45, 5.80); females 1.38 (1.06, 1.81); prolonged sitting time (aOR &95%CI for males 1.36 (0.98, 1.90) females 1.58 (1.20, 2.07), high central obesity (defined as waist circumference in males > 102 cms, and females > 88 cms) (aOR & 95%CI for males 2.38 (1.67, 3.41); females 3.35 (1.92, 5.87) were associated with high/ intermediate risk for CVD. CONCLUSIONS A significant percentage of Saudi population revealed FRS ≥10. Females beyond the age of 50 were found to have a higher prevalence for CVD risk compared with males of the same age group. Modifiable risk factors like low physical activity, prolonged sitting time and central obesity have strong implications for primary prevention and management services that can change the risk profile of the Saudi population.
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Affiliation(s)
- AlJohara M. AlQuaiz
- Princess Nora Bent Abdallah Research Chair for Women Health Research, Deanship of Research Chairs program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amna Rehana Siddiqui
- Princess Nora Bent Abdallah Research Chair for Women Health Research, Deanship of Research Chairs program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ambreen Kazi
- Princess Nora Bent Abdallah Research Chair for Women Health Research, Deanship of Research Chairs program, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ali Batais
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali M. Al-Hazmi
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Buote RD, Collins RH, Shepherd JH, McGowan EL. Evaluation of the accuracy and availability of cancer-related physical activity and sedentary behaviour information on English-language websites. J Psychosoc Oncol 2019; 36:754-767. [PMID: 30940031 DOI: 10.1080/07347332.2018.1505798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the quality and accuracy of cancer-related physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) information provided on major cancer websites from English-speaking countries. DESIGN The study used a cross-sectional design. SAMPLE A list of major cancer websites (N = 11) was generated from countries that speak English primarily (e.g., Canada, Australia). METHODS These websites were assessed for quality and accuracy based on a detailed coding framework (e.g., PA guidelines, PA and cancer prevention). Frequencies and descriptive statistics were derived for website characteristics of interest. FINDINGS All sites reviewed within this study offered PA information for cancer prevention and cancer survivorship. However, while 81% of the sites presented information for SB and cancer prevention, very little information was presented for SB and cancer survivorship, with only 18.2% of the information being offered. CONCLUSIONS The quality and accuracy of cancer-related PA and SB information presented on leading cancer websites is variable. Further information is warranted in the areas of SB, resistance training, and behaviour change strategies. IMPLICATIONS Websites have considerable value as knowledge translation tools and, therefore, presenting evidence-based information that is easy to understand may positively impact the health and behaviours of cancer populations, as well as the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Buote
- a Division of Community Health and Humanities , Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland , Canada
| | - Ryan H Collins
- b School of Human Kinetics & Recreation , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland , Canada
| | - Jacob H Shepherd
- b School of Human Kinetics & Recreation , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland , Canada
| | - Erin L McGowan
- b School of Human Kinetics & Recreation , Memorial University of Newfoundland , St. John's , Newfoundland , Canada
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Maekawa A, Endo K, Suzuki H, Sawaji Y, Nishimura H, Matsuoka Y, Murata K, Takamatsu T, Seki T, Konishi T, Kusakabe T, Aihara T, Yamamoto K. Impact of pelvic incidence on change in lumbo-pelvic sagittal alignment between sitting and standing positions. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2019; 28:1914-1919. [PMID: 30859390 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-019-05891-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lumbo-pelvic sagittal alignment is affected by pelvic incidence (PI), and the PI represents the compensatory capacity of lumbo-pelvic sagittal alignment. The purpose of this study was to analyze changes in lumbo-pelvic sagittal alignment between the standing and sitting positions and to analyze its association with PI. METHODS This study included 253 subjects (160 men and 93 women; age 53.6 ± 7.4 years). The subjects were divided into three groups (younger age group (YG), from 20 to 49 years; middle age group, from 50 to 69 years, and older age group (OG), of 70 years and above). Lumbar lordotic angle (LL), sacral slope (SS), pelvic tilt (PT), pelvic incidence (PI), and the associations between the changes in LL (∆LL), SS (∆SS), PT (∆PT), and PI were analyzed. RESULTS In the YG, the amount of change in LL, SS, and PT was larger than in the OG. These parameters correlated with age in the standing position but not in the sitting position. On the other hand, in all groups, there were positive correlations between PI and changes between the standing and sitting positions. Multiple logistic regression analysis demonstrated that ∆LL = 3.81 - 0.72 × PT + 0.52 × PI, ∆SS = - 4.50 - 5.3 × PT + 0.34 × PI, and ∆PT = - 9.1 + 3.5 × PT - 0.21 × PI. CONCLUSIONS Change in lumbo-pelvic parameters between the sitting and standing positions correlated with PI. These slides can be retrieved under Electronic Supplementary Material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asato Maekawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kenji Endo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Hidekazu Suzuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Sawaji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hirosuke Nishimura
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuoka
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kazuma Murata
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Taichiro Takamatsu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takeshi Seki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Konishi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takuya Kusakabe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Takato Aihara
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kengo Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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Sagarra-Romero L, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Pedrero-Chamizo R, Vila-Maldonado S, Gusi N, Villa-Vicente JG, Espino L, González-Gross M, Casajús JA, Ara I, Gómez-Cabello A. Is Sitting Time Related with Physical Fitness in Spanishelderly Population? The EXERNET Multicenter Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:401-407. [PMID: 31021356 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-019-1193-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older adults spend most of their waking hours performing sedentary activities. The influence of these lifestyle patterns on the physical fitness (PF) levels of this population has not yet been sufficiently investigated. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine whether sedentary behavior (SB) (h•d-1sitting) is associated with PF, and specifically to analyze whether sitting >4 h•d-1 is associated with higher risk of having lower levels of fitness in seniors. DESIGN EXERNET multi-center study. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS A representative sample of 3136 non-institutionalized elderly (aged 72.2±5.3 years), from 6 Regions of Spain were included in the study. MEASUREMENTS PF was assessed using 8 different tests from the EXERNET battery. Lifestyle patterns were collected using a validated questionnaire. ANOVA was used to compare the groups according to the hours of sitting. Binary logistic regression was used to calculate the association between the SB and low levels of fitness. RESULTS For both genders, those who spent sitting >4 h•d-1 had lower levels of balance, agility, walking speed and aerobic endurance (p<0.001). Sedentary men also had less strength of lower extremities (p<0.05), whereas, sedentary women were less flexible in the lower extremities (p<0.001). More than 4 h•d-1 sitting was associated, in men, to higher odds for having low strength (lower extremities), agility, flexibility (lower extremities) and aerobic endurance (p<0.05); and in women, to higher risk of low balance, strength (lower and upper extremities), flexibility (lower extremities), agility, walking speed and aerobic endurance (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Seniors that sit >4 h•d-1 have lower levels of fitness and this behavior is related with an increased risk of having low levels of PF in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Sagarra-Romero
- Dr. Alba Gómez-Cabello, Centro Universitario de la Defensa de Zaragoza, Carretera de Huesca s/n 50090. Zaragoza, Teléfono: 976739794,
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Collins RH, McGowan EL. Exploring Associations of Sedentary Behavior and Physical Activity with Quality of Life in Young Adult Cancer Survivors. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2018; 7:643-651. [DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2018.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan H. Collins
- School of Human Kinetics & Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
| | - Erin L. McGowan
- School of Human Kinetics & Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Canada
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Visualizing Physical Activity Patterns among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Pilot Study. Sports (Basel) 2018; 6:sports6040135. [PMID: 30380724 PMCID: PMC6316774 DOI: 10.3390/sports6040135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity relates to physical and mental functioning in older people, and promoting physical activity has the potential to substantially reduce functional decline and improve well-being. Despite this, investigations of the physical activity quotient through participation in functional activities in everyday life have traditionally gained limited focus among older populations compared to leisure-time physical activity and exercise. Considering the accumulated evidence of the health benefits of low-intensity physical activity, exploring and measuring such activities in this population is highly relevant. The aim of this study was to visualize and describe older people’s physical activity patterns in daily life using a time-geographic approach in combination with the estimation of metabolic equivalents (METS). To exemplify the new method, a sample of nine retired men (65–82 years old, mean age 76.4 ± 5.8) with no homecare services from the municipality was recruited. In order to enable a visual analysis of the physical activity patterns in daily life, we developed the VISUAL-PA software, which is a visual analysis tool that includes METS to account for intensity and enables the analysis of distinct types and domains of physical activity. The VISUAL-PA software creates graphic outputs of physical activity patterns that enable the identification, visualization, and analysis of distinct types and intensities of physical activity in addition to sedentary behavior. The use of VISUAL-PA can contribute to a broader understanding of the complexity in physical activity patterns among older adults in terms of dimensions such as activity patterns and habits, domains, and intensity level. To strengthen the public health strategies that promote health and an active lifestyle, additional knowledge about physical activity patterns is necessary. Moreover, the visualization of physical activity can enable reflections on and awareness of activity habits and preferences, and thus facilitate behavior changes in older individuals.
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Stephens SK, Eakin EG, Clark BK, Winkler EAH, Owen N, LaMontagne AD, Moodie M, Lawler SP, Dunstan DW, Healy GN. What strategies do desk-based workers choose to reduce sitting time and how well do they work? Findings from a cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:98. [PMID: 30314505 PMCID: PMC6186123 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-018-0731-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Large amounts of sitting at work have been identified as an emerging occupational health risk, and findings from intervention trials have been reported. However, few such reports have examined participant-selected strategies and their relationships with behaviour change. Methods The Stand Up Victoria cluster-randomised controlled trial was a workplace-delivered intervention comprising organisational, environmental and individual level behaviour change strategies aimed at reducing sitting time in desk-based workers. Sit-stand workstations were provided, and participants (n = 134; intervention group only) were guided by health coaches to identify strategies for the ‘Stand Up’, ‘Sit Less’, and ‘Move More’ intervention targets, including how long they would stand using the workstation. Three-month workplace sitting and activity changes (activPAL3-assessed total sitting, prolonged sitting (i.e., sitting ≥30 min continuously) and purposeful walking) were evaluated in relation to the number (regression analysis) and types of strategies (decision-tree analysis). Results Over 80 different strategies were nominated by participants. Each additional strategy nominated for the ‘Stand Up’ intervention target (i.e. number of strategies) was associated with a reduction in prolonged sitting of 27.6 min/8-h workday (95% CI: -53.1, − 2.1, p = 0.034). Types of strategies were categorised into 13 distinct categories. Strategies that were task-based and phone-based were common across all three targets. The decision tree models did not select any specific strategy category as predicting changes in prolonged sitting (‘Stand Up’), however four strategy categories were identified as important for total sitting time (‘Sit Less’) and three strategy categories for purposeful walking (‘Moving More’). The uppermost nodes (foremost predictors) were nominating > 3 h/day of workstation standing (reducing total workplace sitting) and choosing a ‘Move More’ task-based strategy (purposeful walking). Conclusions Workers chose a wide range of strategies, with both strategy choice and strategy quantity appearing relevant to behavioural improvement. Findings support a tailored and pragmatic approach to encourage a change in sitting and activity in the workplace. Evaluating participant-selected strategies in the context of a successful intervention serves to highlight options that may prove feasible and effective in other desk-based workplace environments. Trial registration This trial was prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials register (ACTRN12611000742976) on 15 July 2011, Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12966-018-0731-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elizabeth G Eakin
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Bronwyn K Clark
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Neville Owen
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Anthony D LaMontagne
- Work, Health & Wellbeing Unit, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Marj Moodie
- Deakin Health Economics, Centre for Population Health Research, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Sheleigh P Lawler
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David W Dunstan
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Sport Science, Exercise & Health, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.,Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
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Jin Y, DiPietro L, Kandula NR, Kanaya AM, Talegawkar SA. Associations Between Television Viewing and Adiposity Among South Asians. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018; 5:1059-1062. [PMID: 29357096 PMCID: PMC6054898 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-017-0454-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sedentary behaviors related to television (TV) viewing are associated with adiposity; however, few investigations have focused on South Asians, an ethnicity particularly vulnerable to metabolic perturbations. This study examined the relationships between TV viewing and adiposity in a cohort of middle-aged and older South Asians. METHOD Data were obtained from Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study (N = 906; mean age [standard deviation] = 55 [9.4] years, 46% women). TV viewing hours per week was assessed through questionnaire and classified into tertiles for analysis. Multivariate linear regression models were used to examine the associations between TV viewing and measures of adiposity and body composition including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, pericardial fat volume, and visceral, subcutaneous, and inter-muscular fat area after adjusting for covariates including intentional exercise. RESULTS Participants who were women, older, with lower education levels, and living longer in the United States watched TV for longer periods of times. Duration of TV viewing was positively associated with BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), visceral fat area (p = 0.001), and pericardial fat volume (p = 0.003) independent of intentional exercise. CONCLUSIONS While studies in South Asians with a longitudinal design need to confirm our findings, our cross-sectional results indicate that reduction in TV viewing may be beneficial in reducing adiposity and maintaining a healthy body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Jin
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave, NW, 2nd Floor, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Loretta DiPietro
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave, NW, 2nd Floor, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Namratha R Kandula
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alka M Kanaya
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sameera A Talegawkar
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave, NW, 2nd Floor, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
- Sumner M. Redstone Global Center for Prevention and Wellness, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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Biernat E, Piątkowska M. Leisure-time physical activity as a compensation for sedentary behaviour of professionally active population. Work 2018; 60:329-338. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-182727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Bredland EL, Söderström S, Vik K. Challenges and motivators to physical activity faced by retired men when ageing: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:627. [PMID: 29764398 PMCID: PMC5952887 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Active ageing reflects the message from World Health Organisation about addressing the challenge faced by the rapidly ageing population. Knowledge about barriers and facilitators to an active lifestyle must be given more attention. In addition, men seem to participate less in cultural activities and less in fall-prevention groups than women do. When mostly women work with the elderly in primary care, one might question whether the activities offered to older men meet their activity preferences. The aim of this study is to provide new knowledge about challenges and motivators encountered by retired men in maintaining physical activity when ageing. Methods Nine retired men, aged between 66 and 83, wrote a Time Geographic Diary for 7 days each. Two focus group discussions with the men were held. A Systemic Text Condensation was used to analyse the data. Results The analyses identified three categories to describe challenges in being physical active: differences between men and women; meaningful physical activity; and environmental - especially socio-cultural - constraints. Motivating conditions were seen as: new activities to get younger friends, and more information about how to cope. Conclusions To achieve the aim of active ageing, service providers as well as local authorities need to have a better understanding of the challenges retired men encounter when ageing. This study highlights vital aspects of the challenges faced by retired men in maintaining their physical activity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebba Langum Bredland
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Science, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Trondheim, Norway.
| | - Sylvia Söderström
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Science, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kjersti Vik
- Faculty of Medicine & Health Science, Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Trondheim, Norway
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Heneghan NR, Baker G, Thomas K, Falla D, Rushton A. What is the effect of prolonged sitting and physical activity on thoracic spine mobility? An observational study of young adults in a UK university setting. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e019371. [PMID: 29730619 PMCID: PMC5942425 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sedentary behaviour has long been associated with neck and low back pain, although relatively little is known about the thoracic spine. Contributing around 33% of functional neck movement, understanding the effect of sedentary behaviour and physical activity on thoracic spinal mobility may guide clinical practice and inform research of novel interventions. DESIGN An assessor-blinded prospective observational study designed and reported in accordance with Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. SETTING UK university (June-September 2016). PARTICIPANTS A convenience sample (18-30 years) was recruited and based on self-report behaviours, the participants were assigned to one of three groups: group 1, sitters-sitting >7 hours/day+physical activity<150 min/week; group 2, physically active-moderate exercise >150 min/week+sitting <4 hours/day and group 3, low activity-sitting 2-7 hours/day+physical activity <150 min/week. OUTCOME MEASURES Thoracic spine mobility was assessed in the heel-sit position using Acumar digital goniometer; a validated measure. Descriptive and inferential analyses included analysis of variance and analysis of covariance for between group differences and Spearman's rank correlation for post hoc analysis of associations. RESULTS The sample (n=92) comprised: sitters n=30, physically active n=32 and low activity n=30. Groups were comparable with respect to age and body mass index.Thoracic spine mobility (mean (SD)) was: group 1 sitters 64.75 (1.20), group 2 physically active 74.96 (1.18) and group 3 low activity 68.44 (1.22). Significant differences were detected between (1) sitters and low activity, (2) sitters and physically active (p<0.001). There was an overall effect size of 0.31. Correlations between thoracic rotation and exercise duration (r=0.67, p<0.001), sitting duration (r=-0.29, p<0.001) and days exercised (r=0.45, p<0.001) were observed. CONCLUSIONS Findings evidence reduced thoracic mobility in individuals who spend >7 hours/day sitting and <150 min/week of physical activity. Further research is required to explore possible causal relationships between activity behaviours and spinal musculoskeletal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola R Heneghan
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gemma Baker
- Physiotherapy Department, Sandwell and West Birmingham Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Kimberley Thomas
- Physiotherapy Department, Solihull Hospital, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Deborah Falla
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alison Rushton
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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