1
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Lüleci HB, Jones A, Çakır T. Multi-omics analyses highlight molecular differences between clinical and neuropathological diagnoses in Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 39072881 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Both clinical diagnosis and neuropathological diagnosis are commonly used in literature to categorize individuals as Alzheimer's disease (AD) or non-AD in omics analyses. Whether these diagnostic strategies result in distinct profiles of molecular abnormalities is poorly understood. Here, we analysed one of the most commonly used AD omics datasets in the literature from the Religious Orders Study and Memory and Aging Project (ROSMAP) cohort and compared the two diagnosis strategies using brain transcriptome and metabolome by grouping individuals as non-AD and AD according to clinical or neuropathological diagnosis separately. Differentially expressed genes, associated pathways related with AD hallmarks and AD-related genes showed that the categorization based on neuropathological diagnosis more accurately reflects the disease state at the molecular level than the categorization based on clinical diagnosis. We further identified consensus biomarker candidates between the two diagnosis strategies such as 5-hydroxylysine, sphingomyelin and 1-myristoyl-2-palmitoyl-GPC as metabolite biomarkers and sphingolipid metabolism as a pathway biomarker, which could be robust AD biomarkers since they are independent of diagnosis strategies. We also used consensus AD and consensus non-AD individuals between the two diagnostic strategies to train a machine-learning based model, which we used to classify the individuals who were cognitively normal but diagnosed as AD based on neuropathological diagnosis (asymptomatic AD individuals). The majority of these individuals were classified as consensus AD patients for both omics data types. Our study provides a detailed characterization of both diagnostic strategies in terms of the association of the corresponding multi-omics profiles with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Attila Jones
- Clinical and Translational Neuroscience Section, Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Tunahan Çakır
- Department of Bioengineering, Gebze Technical University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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2
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Tan S, Wu L, Liu J, Wu Z, Cheng Q, Qu Q, Zhu L, Yan Y, Wu H, Ling TJ, Liu RT, Yang S. Quercetin-3-O-glc-1-3-rham-1-6-glucoside decreases Aβ production, inhibits Aβ aggregation and neurotoxicity, and prohibits the production of inflammatory cytokines. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 970:176491. [PMID: 38503399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with the hallmark of aggregation of beta-amyloid (Aβ) into extracellular fibrillar deposition. Accumulating evidence suggests that soluble toxic Aβ oligomers exert diverse roles in neuronal cell death, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and the eventual pathogenesis of AD. Aβ is derived from the sequential cleavage of amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase (BACE1) and γ-secretase. The current effect of single targeting is not ideal for the treatment of AD. Therefore, developing multipotent agents with multiple properties, including anti-Aβ generation and anti-Aβ aggregation, is attracting more attention for AD treatment. Previous studies indicated that Quercetin was able to attenuate the effects of several pathogenetic factors in AD. Here, we showed that naturally synthesized Quercetin-3-O-glc-1-3-rham-1-6-glucoside (YCC31) could inhibit Aβ production by reducing β-secretase activity. Further investigations indicated that YCC31 could suppress toxic Aβ oligomer formation by directly binding to Aβ. Moreover, YCC31 could attenuate Aβ-mediated neuronal death, ROS and NO production, and pro-inflammatory cytokines release. Taken together, YCC31 targeting multiple pathogenetic factors deserves further investigation for drug development of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Tan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Linmei Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zhaoyuan Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Qiuhao Qu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lianghao Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yizhu Yan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hao Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Tie-Jun Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rui-Tian Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
| | - Shigao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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3
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González LM, Bourissai A, Lessard-Beaudoin M, Lebel R, Tremblay L, Lepage M, Graham RK. Amelioration of Cognitive and Olfactory System Deficits in APOE4 Transgenic Mice with DHA Treatment. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:5624-5641. [PMID: 37329383 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03401-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Olfactory dysfunction and atrophy of olfactory brain regions are observed early in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease. Despite substantial evidence showing neuroprotective effects in MCI/AD with treatment of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 fatty acid, few studies have assessed DHA and its effects on the olfactory system deficits. We therefore performed structural (MRI), functional (olfactory behavior, novel object recognition), and molecular (markers of apoptosis and inflammation) assessments of APOE4 and wild-type mice ± DHA treatment at 3, 6, and 12 months of age. Our results demonstrate that APOE4 mice treated with the control diet show recognition memory deficits, abnormal olfactory habituation, and discrimination abilities and an increase in IBA-1 immunoreactivity in the olfactory bulb. These phenotypes were not present in APOE4 mice treated with a DHA diet. Alterations in some brain regions' weights and/or volumes were observed in the APOPE4 mice and may be due to caspase activation and/or neuroinflammatory events. These results suggest that the consumption of a diet rich in DHA may provide some benefit to E4 carriers but may not alleviate all symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Martínez González
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, QC, J1H 5N4, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Adam Bourissai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Mélissa Lessard-Beaudoin
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, QC, J1H 5N4, Sherbrooke, Canada
| | - Réjean Lebel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Luc Tremblay
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Martin Lepage
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sherbrooke, Quebec, J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - Rona K Graham
- Research Centre on Aging CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada.
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001 12e Avenue Nord, QC, J1H 5N4, Sherbrooke, Canada.
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4
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Kim S, Nam Y, Kim MJ, Kwon SH, Jeon J, Shin SJ, Park S, Chang S, Kim HU, Lee YY, Kim HS, Moon M. Proteomic analysis for the effects of non-saponin fraction with rich polysaccharide from Korean Red Ginseng on Alzheimer's disease in a mouse model. J Ginseng Res 2023; 47:302-310. [PMID: 36926613 PMCID: PMC10014184 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2022.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The most common type of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD), is marked by the formation of extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques. The impairments of axons and synapses appear in the process of Aβ plaques formation, and this damage could cause neurodegeneration. We previously reported that non-saponin fraction with rich polysaccharide (NFP) from Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) showed neuroprotective effects in AD. However, precise molecular mechanism of the therapeutic effects of NFP from KRG in AD still remains elusive. Methods To investigate the therapeutic mechanisms of NFP from KRG on AD, we conducted proteomic analysis for frontal cortex from vehicle-treated wild-type, vehicle-treated 5XFAD mice, and NFP-treated 5XFAD mice by using nano-LC-ESI-MS/MS. Metabolic network analysis was additionally performed as the effects of NFP appeared to be associated with metabolism according to the proteome analysis. Results Starting from 5,470 proteins, 2,636 proteins were selected for hierarchical clustering analysis, and finally 111 proteins were further selected for protein-protein interaction network analysis. A series of these analyses revealed that proteins associated with synapse and mitochondria might be linked to the therapeutic mechanism of NFP. Subsequent metabolic network analysis via genome-scale metabolic models that represent the three mouse groups showed that there were significant changes in metabolic fluxes of mitochondrial carnitine shuttle pathway and mitochondrial beta-oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Conclusion Our results suggested that the therapeutic effects of NFP on AD were associated with synaptic- and mitochondrial-related pathways, and they provided targets for further rigorous studies on precise understanding of the molecular mechanism of NFP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Dementia Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunkwon Nam
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Kwon
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeok Jeon
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 four), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Jung Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoon Park
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Biological Sciences, University of California, California, United States
| | - Sungjae Chang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Uk Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21 four), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Yook Lee
- The Korean Ginseng Research Institute, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hak Su Kim
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minho Moon
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.,Research Institute for Dementia Science, Konyang University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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5
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de Veij Mestdagh CF, Koopmans F, Breiter JC, Timmerman JA, Vogelaar PC, Krenning G, Mansvelder HD, Smit AB, Henning RH, van Kesteren RE. The hibernation-derived compound SUL-138 shifts the mitochondrial proteome towards fatty acid metabolism and prevents cognitive decline and amyloid plaque formation in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Alzheimers Res Ther 2022; 14:183. [PMID: 36482297 PMCID: PMC9733344 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-022-01127-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease worldwide and remains without effective cure. Increasing evidence is supporting the mitochondrial cascade hypothesis, proposing that loss of mitochondrial fitness and subsequent ROS and ATP imbalance are important contributors to AD pathophysiology. METHODS Here, we tested the effects of SUL-138, a small hibernation-derived molecule that supports mitochondrial bioenergetics via complex I/IV activation, on molecular, physiological, behavioral, and pathological outcomes in APP/PS1 and wildtype mice. RESULTS SUL-138 treatment rescued long-term potentiation and hippocampal memory impairments and decreased beta-amyloid plaque load in APP/PS1 mice. This was paralleled by a partial rescue of dysregulated protein expression in APP/PS1 mice as assessed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics. In-depth analysis of protein expression revealed a prominent effect of SUL-138 in APP/PS1 mice on mitochondrial protein expression. SUL-138 increased the levels of proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism in both wildtype and APP/PS1 mice. Additionally, in APP/PS1 mice only, SUL-138 increased the levels of proteins involved in glycolysis and amino acid metabolism pathways, indicating that SUL-138 rescues mitochondrial impairments that are typically observed in AD. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates a SUL-138-induced shift in metabolic input towards the electron transport chain in synaptic mitochondria, coinciding with increased synaptic plasticity and memory. In conclusion, targeting mitochondrial bioenergetics might provide a promising new way to treat cognitive impairments in AD and reduce disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina F. de Veij Mestdagh
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands ,grid.16872.3a0000 0004 0435 165XAlzheimer Center Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and Amsterdam UMC location VUmc , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Koopmans
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jonathan C. Breiter
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jaap A. Timmerman
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Pieter C. Vogelaar
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands ,Sulfateq B.V., Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Krenning
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands ,Sulfateq B.V., Groningen, The Netherlands ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Huibert D. Mansvelder
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Integrative Neurophysiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - August B. Smit
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert H. Henning
- grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ronald E. van Kesteren
- grid.12380.380000 0004 1754 9227Department of Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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6
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Xiao M, Xiang W, Chen Y, Peng N, Du X, Lu S, Zuo Y, Li B, Hu Y, Li X. DHA Ameliorates Cognitive Ability, Reduces Amyloid Deposition, and Nerve Fiber Production in Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Nutr 2022; 9:852433. [PMID: 35782939 PMCID: PMC9240638 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.852433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe etiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is very complex. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is important in cognitive ability and nervous system development. A limited number of studies have evaluated the efficacy of DHA in the treatment of AD.IntroductionWe detected neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the hippocampus and cortex of transgenic mice brain through silver glycine staining. We determined the activity of neurons by staining Nissl bodies, used liquid NMR to detect metabolites in the brain, and functional magnetic resonance imaging results to observe the connection signal value between brain regions.Materials and MethodsWe fed 3-month-old APP/PS1 double transgenic mice with DHA mixed feeds for 4 months to assess the effects of DHA on cognitive ability in AD mice through the Morris water maze and open field tests. To evaluate its effects with AD pathology, continuous feeding was done until the mice reached 9 months of age.ResultsCompared to AD mice, escape latency significantly decreased on the fifth day while swimming speed, target quadrant stay time, and the crossing number of platforms increased by varying degrees after DHA treatment. Brain tissue section staining revealed that DHA significantly reduced Aβ and nerve fibers in the brain of AD mice.ConclusionDHA significantly reduced the deposition of Aβ in the brain and inhibited the production of nerve fibers, thereby increasing cognitive abilities in AD mice. In addition, DHA suppressed blood lipid levels, and restored uric acid and urea levels, implying that DHA is a potential therapeutic option for early AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Xiang
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Yashu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Oil Crop Biology and Genetic Breeding, Oil Crops Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Peng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiubo Du
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuhuan Lu
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zuo
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Boling Li
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
| | - Yonggang Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiangyu Li
- CABIO Biotech (Wuhan) Co., Ltd., Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyu Li,
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7
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Tan YJ, Wong BYX, Vaidyanathan R, Sreejith S, Chia SY, Kandiah N, Ng ASL, Zeng L. Altered Cerebrospinal Fluid Exosomal microRNA Levels in Young-Onset Alzheimer's Disease and Frontotemporal Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2021; 5:805-813. [PMID: 34870106 PMCID: PMC8609483 DOI: 10.3233/adr-210311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: micro-RNAs (miRNAs) are stable, small, non-coding RNAs enriched in exosomes. Their variation in levels according to different disease etiologies have made them a promising diagnostic biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Altered expression of miR-320a, miR-328-3p, and miR-204-5p have been reported in AD and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Objective: To determine their reliability, we aimed to examine the expression of three exosomal miRNAs isolated from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with young-onset AD and FTD (< 65 years), correlating with core AD biomarkers and cognitive scores. Methods: Exosomes were first isolated from CSF samples of 48 subjects (8 controls, 28 AD, and 12 FTD), followed by RNA extraction and quantitative PCR to measure the expression of miR-320a, miR-328-3p, and miR-204-5p. Results: Expression of all three markers (miR-320a (p = 0.005), miR-328-3p (p = 0.049), and miR-204-5p (p = 0.036)) were significantly lower in AD versus controls. miR-320a was reduced in FTD versus controls (p = 0.049) and miR-328-3p was lower in AD versus FTD (p = 0.054). Notably, lower miR-328-3p levels could differentiate AD from FTD and controls with an AUC of 0.702, 95% CI: 0.534– 0.870, and showed significant correlation with lower CSF Aβ42 levels (r = 0.359, p = 0.029). Pathway enrichment analysis identified potential targets of miR-328-3p implicated in the AMPK signaling pathway linked to amyloid-β and tau metabolism in AD. Conclusion: Overall, we demonstrated miR-320a and miR-204-5p as reliable biomarkers for AD and FTD and report miR-328-3p as a novel AD biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Jayne Tan
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | - Benjamin Y X Wong
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Sivaramapanicker Sreejith
- Biomedical Institute for Global Health Research & Technology (BIGHEART), National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sook Yoong Chia
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Research, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore
| | - Nagaendran Kandiah
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.,Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Unit, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University, Novena Campus, Singapore
| | - Adeline S L Ng
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.,Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Unit, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Li Zeng
- Neural Stem Cell Research Lab, Department of Research, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore.,Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders Unit, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technology University, Novena Campus, Singapore
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8
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García-Viñuales S, Sciacca MFM, Lanza V, Santoro AM, Grasso G, Tundo GR, Sbardella D, Coletta M, Grasso G, La Rosa C, Milardi D. The interplay between lipid and Aβ amyloid homeostasis in Alzheimer's Disease: risk factors and therapeutic opportunities. Chem Phys Lipids 2021; 236:105072. [PMID: 33675779 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2021.105072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's Diseases (AD) is characterized by the accumulation of amyloid deposits of Aβ peptide in the brain. Besides genetic background, the presence of other diseases and an unhealthy lifestyle are known risk factors for AD development. Albeit accumulating clinical evidence suggests that an impaired lipid metabolism is related to Aβ deposition, mechanistic insights on the link between amyloid fibril formation/clearance and aberrant lipid interactions are still unavailable. Recently, many studies have described the key role played by membrane bound Aβ assemblies in neurotoxicity. Moreover, it has been suggested that a derangement of the ubiquitin proteasome pathway and autophagy is significantly correlated with toxic Aβ aggregation and dysregulation of lipid levels. Thus, studies focusing on the role played by lipids in Aβ aggregation and proteostasis could represent a promising area of investigation for the design of valuable treatments. In this review we examine current knowledge concerning the effects of lipids in Aβ aggregation and degradation processes, focusing on the therapeutic opportunities that a comprehensive understanding of all biophysical, biochemical, and biological processes involved may disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele F M Sciacca
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Lanza
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Santoro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Giulia Grasso
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy
| | - Grazia R Tundo
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Massimiliano Coletta
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Grasso
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Carmelo La Rosa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Danilo Milardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Cristallografia, Catania, Italy.
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9
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Giachin G, Jessop M, Bouverot R, Acajjaoui S, Saïdi M, Chretien A, Bacia‐Verloop M, Signor L, Mas PJ, Favier A, Borel Meneroud E, Hons M, Hart DJ, Kandiah E, Boeri Erba E, Buisson A, Leonard G, Gutsche I, Soler‐Lopez M. Assembly of The Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly Complex Suggests a Regulatory Role for Deflavination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202011548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giachin
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Matthew Jessop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Romain Bouverot
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Samira Acajjaoui
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Melissa Saïdi
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Anaïs Chretien
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Maria Bacia‐Verloop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Luca Signor
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Philippe J. Mas
- Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble (ISBG) CNRS CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Adrien Favier
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Eve Borel Meneroud
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN) Centre Inserm U1216 Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques Université Grenoble Alpes 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini 38700 La Tronche France
| | - Michael Hons
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Grenoble Outstation 71 avenue des Martyrs 38042 Grenoble France
| | - Darren J. Hart
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Eaazhisai Kandiah
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Elisabetta Boeri Erba
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Alain Buisson
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN) Centre Inserm U1216 Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques Université Grenoble Alpes 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini 38700 La Tronche France
| | - Gordon Leonard
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
| | - Irina Gutsche
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS) CNRS, CEA Université Grenoble Alpes 71 avenue des Martyrs 38044 Grenoble France
| | - Montserrat Soler‐Lopez
- Structural Biology Group European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) 71 avenue des Martyrs 38043 Grenoble France
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10
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Coviello C, Perrone S, Buonocore G, Negro S, Longini M, Dani C, de Vries LS, Groenendaal F, Vijlbrief DC, Benders MJNL, Tataranno ML. Isoprostanes as Biomarker for White Matter Injury in Extremely Preterm Infants. Front Pediatr 2021; 8:618622. [PMID: 33585368 PMCID: PMC7874160 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.618622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Preterm white matter is vulnerable to lipid peroxidation-mediated injury. F2-isoprostanes (IPs), are a useful biomarker for lipid peroxidation. Aim was to assess the association between early peri-postnatal IPs, white matter injury (WMI) at term equivalent age (TEA), and neurodevelopmental outcome in preterm infants. Methods: Infants with a gestational age (GA) below 28 weeks who had an MRI at TEA were included. IPs were measured in cord blood (cb) at birth and on plasma (pl) between 24 and 48 h after birth. WMI was assessed using Woodward MRI scoring system. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the association between IPs with WMI and then with BSITD-III scores at 24 months corrected age (CA). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the predictive value of pl-IPs for the development of WMI. Results: Forty-four patients were included. cb-IPs were not correlated with WMI score at TEA, whereas higher pl-IPs and lower GA predicted higher WMI score (p = 0.037 and 0.006, respectively) after controlling for GA, FiO2 at sampling and severity of IVH. The area under the curve was 0.72 (CI 95% = 0.51-0.92). The pl-IPs levels plotted curve indicated that 31.8 pg/ml had the best predictive threshold with a sensitivity of 86% and a specificity of 60%, to discriminate newborns with any WMI from newborns without WMI. IPs were not associated with outcome at 24 months. Conclusion: Early measurement of pl-IPs may help discriminate patients showing abnormal WMI score at TEA, thus representing an early biomarker to identify newborns at risk for brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caterina Coviello
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Serafina Perrone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Buonocore
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Simona Negro
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mariangela Longini
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Carlo Dani
- Division of Neonatology, Careggi University Hospital of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Linda S. de Vries
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Floris Groenendaal
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daniel C. Vijlbrief
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Manon J. N. L. Benders
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Tataranno
- Department of Neonatology, University Medical Center Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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11
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Giachin G, Jessop M, Bouverot R, Acajjaoui S, Saïdi M, Chretien A, Bacia-Verloop M, Signor L, Mas PJ, Favier A, Borel Meneroud E, Hons M, Hart DJ, Kandiah E, Boeri Erba E, Buisson A, Leonard G, Gutsche I, Soler-Lopez M. Assembly of The Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly Complex Suggests a Regulatory Role for Deflavination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:4689-4697. [PMID: 33320993 PMCID: PMC7986633 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202011548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fatty acid β‐oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) are mitochondrial redox processes that generate ATP. The biogenesis of the respiratory Complex I, a 1 MDa multiprotein complex that is responsible for initiating OXPHOS, is mediated by assembly factors including the mitochondrial complex I assembly (MCIA) complex. However, the organisation and the role of the MCIA complex are still unclear. Here we show that ECSIT functions as the bridging node of the MCIA core complex. Furthermore, cryo‐electron microscopy together with biochemical and biophysical experiments reveal that the C‐terminal domain of ECSIT directly binds to the vestigial dehydrogenase domain of the FAO enzyme ACAD9 and induces its deflavination, switching ACAD9 from its role in FAO to an MCIA factor. These findings provide the structural basis for the MCIA complex architecture and suggest a unique molecular mechanism for coordinating the regulation of the FAO and OXPHOS pathways to ensure an efficient energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Giachin
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthew Jessop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Romain Bouverot
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Samira Acajjaoui
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Melissa Saïdi
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Anaïs Chretien
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Maria Bacia-Verloop
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Luca Signor
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe J Mas
- Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble (ISBG) CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Adrien Favier
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Eve Borel Meneroud
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Centre Inserm U1216, Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques, Université Grenoble Alpes, 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Michael Hons
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble Outstation, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042, Grenoble, France
| | - Darren J Hart
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Eaazhisai Kandiah
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Elisabetta Boeri Erba
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Alain Buisson
- Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences (GIN), Centre Inserm U1216, Equipe Neuropathologies et Dysfonctions Synaptiques, Université Grenoble Alpes, 31 Chemin Fortuné Ferrini, 38700, La Tronche, France
| | - Gordon Leonard
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Irina Gutsche
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), CNRS, CEA, Université Grenoble Alpes, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Montserrat Soler-Lopez
- Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
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12
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Mitochondria: Aging, Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Diseases. Formation of a New Paradigm. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2020. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2020-5.4.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are among the major causes of mortality among aged people in most developed countries. Oxidative stress, which causes mutations of mitochondrial DNA and mitochondrial dysfunctions, was considered as the main mechanism of heart failure and other pathologies of old age. However, in recent years the prior paradigm of mechanisms of aging, oxidative stress and antioxidative defense was questioned and in some aspects even turned out to be wrong. In this review, we discuss the new data that led to the need to reconsider paradigms. We show that although the mitochondrial free radical theory of aging remains valid, the radical responsible for the aging is the protonated form of the superoxide radical, namely perhydroxyl radical, which was largely ignored all previous years. Perhydroxyl radical initiates the isoprostane pathway of lipid peroxidation (IPLP) of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are part of the phospholipid core of the mitochondrial inner membrane. IPLP was discovered 30 years ago by Roberts and Morrow at the Vanderbilt University, but the mechanism of its initiation remained unknown. The IPLP causes formation of the racemic mixture of hundreds of biologically active products, named isoprostanes, and highly toxic molecules, first of all isolevuglandins. We distinguish two types of damages caused by IPLP during aging. The first one is associated with oxidative damages to cardiolipin and phosphatidylethanolamine (PEA), which result in disruption of polyenzymatic complexes of the oxidative phosphorylation system. The second type of dysfunctions is caused by the direct actions of toxic products on the lysine-containing proteins and PEA. To this type of mitochondrial damages evidently belongs the oxidative damage of the mitochondrial DNA polymerase, which results in a 20-fold increase in mutations of mitochondrial mtDNA.
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13
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Cardiolipin, Perhydroxyl Radicals, and Lipid Peroxidation in Mitochondrial Dysfunctions and Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:1323028. [PMID: 32963690 PMCID: PMC7499269 DOI: 10.1155/2020/1323028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunctions caused by oxidative stress are currently regarded as the main cause of aging. Accumulation of mutations and deletions of mtDNA is a hallmark of aging. So far, however, there is no evidence that most studied oxygen radicals are directly responsible for mutations of mtDNA. Oxidative damages to cardiolipin (CL) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PEA) are also hallmarks of oxidative stress, but the mechanisms of their damage remain obscure. CL is the only phospholipid present almost exclusively in the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) where it is responsible, together with PEA, for the maintenance of the superstructures of oxidative phosphorylation enzymes. CL has negative charges at the headgroups and due to specific localization at the negative curves of the IMM, it creates areas with the strong negative charge where local pH may be several units lower than in the surrounding bulk phases. At these sites with the higher acidity, the chance of protonation of the superoxide radical (O2•), generated by the respiratory chain, is much higher with the formation of the highly reactive hydrophobic perhydroxyl radical (HO2•). HO2• specifically reacts with the double bonds of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) initiating the isoprostane pathway of lipid peroxidation. Because HO2• is formed close to CL aggregates and PEA, it causes peroxidation of the linoleic acid in CL and also damages PEA. This causes disruption of the structural and functional integrity of the respirosomes and ATP synthase. We provide evidence that in elderly individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS), fatty acids become the major substrates for production of ATP and this may increase several-fold generation of O2• and thus HO2•. We conclude that MetS accelerates aging and the mitochondrial dysfunctions are caused by the HO2•-induced direct oxidation of CL and the isoprostane pathway of lipid peroxidation (IPLP). The toxic products of IPLP damage not only PEA, but also mtDNA and OXPHOS proteins. This results in gradual disruption of the structural and functional integrity of mitochondria and cells.
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14
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Fonteh AN, Cipolla M, Chiang AJ, Edminster SP, Arakaki X, Harrington MG. Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Composition of Cerebrospinal Fluid Fractions Shows Their Contribution to Cognitive Resilience of a Pre-symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease Cohort. Front Physiol 2020; 11:83. [PMID: 32116789 PMCID: PMC7034243 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology is characterized by an early and prolonged decrease in the amyloid peptide (Aβ) levels concomitant with a later increase in phospho-tau concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We propose that changes in lipid metabolism can contribute to the abnormal processing of Aβ42 in AD. Our aim was to determine if polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) metabolism can differentiate pre-symptomatic AD from normal aging and symptomatic AD. Using neuropsychology measures and Aβ42/T-tau in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), we classify three groups of elderly study participants: cognitively healthy with normal Aβ42/T-tau (CH-NAT), cognitively healthy with pathological Aβ42/T-tau (CH-PAT), and AD individuals. We determined the size distribution and the concentration of CSF particles using light scattering and quantified PUFA composition in the nanoparticulate (NP) fraction, supernatant fluid (SF), and unesterified PUFA levels using gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry. Four PUFAs (C20:2n-6, C20:3n-3, C22:4n-6, C22:5n-3) were enriched in NP of AD compared with CH-NAT. C20:3n-3 levels were higher in the NP fraction from AD compared with CH-PAT. When normalized to the number of NPs in CSF, PUFA levels were significantly higher in CH-NAT and CH-PAT compared with AD. In the SF fractions, only the levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) differentiated all three clinical groups. Unesterified DHA was also higher in CH-NAT compared with the other clinical groups. Our studies also show that NP PUFAs in CH participants negatively correlate with CSF Aβ42 while C20:4n-6, DHA, and n-3 PUFAs in the SF fraction positively correlate with T-tau. The profile of PUFAs in different CSF fractions that correlate with Aβ42 or with T-tau are different for CH-NAT compared with CH-PAT. These studies show that PUFA metabolism is associated with amyloid and tau processing. Importantly, higher PUFA levels in the cognitively healthy study participants with abnormal Aβ42/T-tau suggest that PUFA enhances the cognitive resilience of the pre-symptomatic AD population. We propose that interventions that prevent PUFA depletion in the brain may prevent AD pathology by stabilizing Aβ42 and tau metabolism. Further studies to determine changes in PUFA composition during the progression from pre-symptomatic to AD should reveal novel biomarkers and potential preventive approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred N Fonteh
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Matthew Cipolla
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Abby J Chiang
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Sarah P Edminster
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Xianghong Arakaki
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
| | - Michael G Harrington
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States
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15
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Shang Y, Mishra A, Wang T, Wang Y, Desai M, Chen S, Mao Z, Do L, Bernstein AS, Trouard TP, Brinton RD. Evidence in support of chromosomal sex influencing plasma based metabolome vs APOE genotype influencing brain metabolome profile in humanized APOE male and female mice. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0225392. [PMID: 31917799 PMCID: PMC6952084 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Late onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with four well-established risk factors: age, APOE4 genotype, female chromosomal sex, and maternal history of AD. Each risk factor impacts multiple systems, making LOAD a complex systems biology challenge. To investigate interactions between LOAD risk factors, we performed multiple scale analyses, including metabolomics, transcriptomics, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and beta-amyloid assessment, in 16 months old male and female mice with humanized human APOE3 (hAPOE3) or APOE4 (hAPOE4) genes. Metabolomic analyses indicated a sex difference in plasma profile whereas APOE genotype determined brain metabolic profile. Consistent with the brain metabolome, gene and pathway-based RNA-Seq analyses of the hippocampus indicated increased expression of fatty acid/lipid metabolism related genes and pathways in both hAPOE4 males and females. Further, female transcription of fatty acid and amino acids pathways were significantly different from males. MRI based imaging analyses indicated that in multiple white matter tracts, hAPOE4 males and females exhibited lower fractional anisotropy than their hAPOE3 counterparts, suggesting a lower level of white matter integrity in hAPOE4 mice. Consistent with the brain metabolomic and transcriptomic profile of hAPOE4 carriers, beta-amyloid generation was detectable in 16-month-old male and female brains. These data provide therapeutic targets based on chromosomal sex and APOE genotype. Collectively, these data provide a framework for developing precision medicine interventions during the prodromal phase of LOAD, when the potential to reverse, prevent and delay LOAD progression is greatest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shang
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Aarti Mishra
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Tian Wang
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Maunil Desai
- School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Shuhua Chen
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Zisu Mao
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Loi Do
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Adam S. Bernstein
- College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Theodore P. Trouard
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Roberta D. Brinton
- Center for Innovation in Brain Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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16
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Pino AM, Rodríguez JP. Is fatty acid composition of human bone marrow significant to bone health? Bone 2019; 118:53-61. [PMID: 29258874 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) is a conserved component of the marrow microenvironment, providing storage and release of energy and stabilizing the marrow extent. Also, it is recognized both the amount and quality of BMAT are relevant to preserve the functional relationships between BMAT, bone, and blood cell production. In this article we ponder the information supporting the tenet that the quality of BMAT is relevant to bone health. In the human adult the distribution of BMAT is heterogeneous over the entire skeleton, and both BMAT accumulation and bone loss come about with aging in healthy populations. But some pathological conditions which increase BMAT formation lead to bone impairment and fragility. Analysis in vivo of the relative content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids (FA) in BMAT indicates site-related bone marrow fat composition and an association between increased unsaturation index (UI) and bone health. With aging some impairment ensues in the regulation of bone marrow cells and systemic signals leading to local chronic inflammation. Most of the bone loss diseases which evolve altered BMAT composition have as common factors aging and/or chronic inflammation. Both saturated and unsaturated FAs originate lipid species which are active mediators in the inflammation process. Increased free saturated FAs may lead to lipotoxicity of bone marrow cells. The pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory or resolving actions of compounds derived from long chain poly unsaturated FAs (PUFA) on bone cells is varied, and depending on the metabolism of the parent n:3 or n:6 PUFAs series. Taking together the evidence substantiate that marrow adipocyte function is fundamental for an efficient link between systemic and marrow fatty acids to accomplish specific energy or regulatory needs of skeletal and marrow cells. Further, they reveal marrow requirements of PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana María Pino
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, INTA, Universidad de Chile, Chile
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17
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Panov A. Perhydroxyl Radical (HO2•) as Inducer of the Isoprostane Lipid Peroxidation in Mitochondria. Mol Biol 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893318020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Soveyd N, Abdolahi M, Bitarafan S, Tafakhori A, Sarraf P, Togha M, Okhovat AA, Hatami M, Sedighiyan M, Djalali M, Mohammadzadeh Honarvar N. Molecular mechanisms of omega-3 fatty acids in the migraine headache. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY 2017; 16:210-217. [PMID: 29736227 PMCID: PMC5937007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a common chronic inflammatory neurological disease with the progressive and episodic course. Much evidence have shown a role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of migraine. Omega-3 fatty acids are an important components of cell membranes phospholipids. The intake of these fatty acids is related to decrease concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), proinflammatory eicosanoids, cytokines, chemokines and other inflammation biomarkers. Many of clinical trials have shown the beneficial effect of dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in human, including Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and migraine headaches. Therefore, omega-3 fatty acids as an alternative therapy can be potentially important. This review focuses on the pathogenesis of a migraine, with an emphasis on the role of omega-3 fatty acid and its molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Soveyd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Abdolahi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sama Bitarafan
- Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience institute, Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Tafakhori
- Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience institute, Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Payam Sarraf
- Iranian Centre of Neurological Research, Neuroscience institute, Department of Neurology, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Togha
- Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Asghar Okhovat
- Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hatami
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Sedighiyan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Djalali
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Niyaz Mohammadzadeh Honarvar
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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19
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Xiao M, Zhong H, Xia L, Tao Y, Yin H. Pathophysiology of mitochondrial lipid oxidation: Role of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and other bioactive lipids in mitochondria. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 111:316-327. [PMID: 28456642 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.04.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial lipids are essential for maintaining the integrity of mitochondrial membranes and the proper functions of mitochondria. As the "powerhouse" of a cell, mitochondria are also the major cellular source of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress occurs when the antioxidant system is overwhelmed by overproduction of ROS. Polyunsaturated fatty acids in mitochondrial membranes are primary targets for ROS attack, which may lead to lipid peroxidation (LPO) and generation of reactive lipids, such as 4-hydroxynonenal. When mitochondrial lipids are oxidized, the integrity and function of mitochondria may be compromised and this may eventually lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which has been associated with many human diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. How mitochondrial lipids are oxidized and the underlying molecular mechanisms and pathophysiological consequences associated with mitochondrial LPO remain poorly defined. Oxidation of the mitochondria-specific phospholipid cardiolipin and generation of bioactive lipids through mitochondrial LPO has been increasingly recognized as an important event orchestrating apoptosis, metabolic reprogramming of energy production, mitophagy, and immune responses. In this review, we focus on the current understanding of how mitochondrial LPO and generation of bioactive lipid mediators in mitochondria are involved in the modulation of mitochondrial functions in the context of relevant human diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiqin Zhong
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhen Tao
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China
| | - Huiyong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Food Safety Research, Institute for Nutritional Sciences (INS), Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.
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Grimm MOW, Mett J, Grimm HS, Hartmann T. APP Function and Lipids: A Bidirectional Link. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:63. [PMID: 28344547 PMCID: PMC5344993 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular neuritic plaques, composed of aggregated amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, are one of the major histopathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD), a progressive, irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. One of the most prominent risk factor for sporadic AD, carrying one or two aberrant copies of the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ε4 alleles, closely links AD to lipids. Further, several lipid classes and fatty acids have been reported to be changed in the brain of AD-affected individuals. Interestingly, the observed lipid changes in the brain seem not only to be a consequence of the disease but also modulate Aβ generation. In line with these observations, protective lipids being able to decrease Aβ generation and also potential negative lipids in respect to AD were identified. Mechanistically, Aβ peptides are generated by sequential proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) by β- and γ-secretase. The α-secretase appears to compete with β-secretase for the initial cleavage of APP, preventing Aβ production. All APP-cleaving secretases as well as APP are transmembrane proteins, further illustrating the impact of lipids on Aβ generation. Beside the pathological impact of Aβ, accumulating evidence suggests that Aβ and the APP intracellular domain (AICD) play an important role in regulating lipid homeostasis, either by direct effects or by affecting gene expression or protein stability of enzymes involved in the de novo synthesis of different lipid classes. This review summarizes the current literature addressing the complex bidirectional link between lipids and AD and APP processing including lipid alterations found in AD post mortem brains, lipids that alter APP processing and the physiological functions of Aβ and AICD in the regulation of several lipid metabolism pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus O. W. Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
- Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
- Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Janine Mett
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Heike S. Grimm
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Tobias Hartmann
- Experimental Neurology, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
- Neurodegeneration and Neurobiology, Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
- Deutsches Institut für DemenzPrävention (DIDP), Saarland UniversityHomburg/Saar, Germany
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Ishizuka Y, Hanamura K. Drebrin in Alzheimer’s Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1006:203-223. [DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-56550-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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22
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Phosphatidylcholine protects neurons from toxic effects of amyloid β-protein in culture. Brain Res 2016; 1642:376-383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2016.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Belkouch M, Hachem M, Elgot A, Lo Van A, Picq M, Guichardant M, Lagarde M, Bernoud-Hubac N. The pleiotropic effects of omega-3 docosahexaenoic acid on the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease. J Nutr Biochem 2016; 38:1-11. [PMID: 27825512 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2016.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Among omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) is important for adequate brain development and cognition. DHA is highly concentrated in the brain and plays an essential role in brain functioning. DHA, one of the major constituents in fish fats, readily crosses the blood-brain barrier from blood to the brain. Its critical role was further supported by its reduced levels in the brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. This agrees with a potential role of DHA in memory, learning and cognitive processes. Since there is yet no cure for dementia such as AD, there is growing interest in the role of DHA-supplemented diet in the prevention of AD pathogenesis. Accordingly, animal, epidemiological, preclinical and clinical studies indicated that DHA has neuroprotective effects in a number of neurodegenerative conditions including AD. The beneficial effects of this key omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may depend on the stage of disease progression, other dietary mediators and the apolipoprotein ApoE genotype. Herein, our review investigates, from animal and cell culture studies, the molecular mechanisms involved in the neuroprotective potential of DHA with emphasis on AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounir Belkouch
- Université de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1060, UMR INRA 1397, IMBL/INSA-Lyon, Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition Laboratory, Bât Louis Pasteur, INSA, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - Mayssa Hachem
- Université de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1060, UMR INRA 1397, IMBL/INSA-Lyon, Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition Laboratory, Bât Louis Pasteur, INSA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Abdeljalil Elgot
- Laboratoire des Sciences et Technologies de la Santé, Unité des Sciences Biomédicales, Institut Supérieur des Sciences de la Santé, Université Hassan 1er, Settat, Morocco
| | - Amanda Lo Van
- Université de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1060, UMR INRA 1397, IMBL/INSA-Lyon, Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition Laboratory, Bât Louis Pasteur, INSA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Madeleine Picq
- Université de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1060, UMR INRA 1397, IMBL/INSA-Lyon, Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition Laboratory, Bât Louis Pasteur, INSA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Michel Guichardant
- Université de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1060, UMR INRA 1397, IMBL/INSA-Lyon, Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition Laboratory, Bât Louis Pasteur, INSA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Michel Lagarde
- Université de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1060, UMR INRA 1397, IMBL/INSA-Lyon, Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition Laboratory, Bât Louis Pasteur, INSA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Nathalie Bernoud-Hubac
- Université de Lyon, UMR INSERM 1060, UMR INRA 1397, IMBL/INSA-Lyon, Cardiovasculaire, Métabolisme, Diabétologie et Nutrition Laboratory, Bât Louis Pasteur, INSA, Villeurbanne, France
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Gruber F, Ornelas CM, Karner S, Narzt MS, Nagelreiter IM, Gschwandtner M, Bochkov V, Tschachler E. Nrf2 deficiency causes lipid oxidation, inflammation, and matrix-protease expression in DHA-supplemented and UVA-irradiated skin fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 88:439-451. [PMID: 25981373 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fish oil rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has beneficial effects on human health. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are precursors of eicosanoids and docosanoids, signaling molecules that control inflammation and immunity, and their dietary uptake improves a range of disorders including cardiovascular diseases, ulcerative colitis, rheumatoid arthritis, and psoriasis. The unsaturated nature of these fatty acids, however, makes them prone to oxidation, especially when they are incorporated into (membrane) phospholipids. The skin is an organ strongly exposed to oxidative stress, mainly due to solar ultraviolet radiation. Thus, increased levels of PUFA in combination with oxidative stress could cause increased local generation of oxidized lipids, whose action spectrum reaches from signaling molecules to reactive carbonyl compounds that can crosslink biomolecules. Here, we investigated whether PUFA supplements to fibroblasts are incorporated into membrane phospholipids and whether an increase of PUFA within phospholipids affects the responses of the cells to UV exposure. The redox-sensitive transcription factor Nrf2 is the major regulator of the fibroblast stress response to ultraviolet radiation or exposure to oxidized lipids. Here we addressed how Nrf2 signaling would be affected in PUFA-supplemented human dermal fibroblasts and mouse dermal fibroblasts from Nrf2-deficient and wild type mice. We found, using HPLC-tandem MS, that DHA supplements to culture media of human and murine fibroblasts were readily incorporated into phospholipids and that subsequent irradiation of the supplemented cells with UVA resulted in an increase in 1-palmitoyl-2-(epoxyisoprostane-E2)-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine and Oxo-DHA esterified to phospholipid, both of which are Nrf2 agonists. Also, induction of Nrf2 target genes was enhanced in the DHA-supplemented fibroblasts after UVA irradiation. In Nrf2-deficient murine fibroblasts, the expression of the target genes was, as expected, decreased, but surprisingly, expression of TNFα and MMP13 was strongly induced in DHA-supplemented, UVA-irradiated cells. Also, Nrf2-deficient cells had increased levels of oxidized phospholipids relative to the unoxidized precursors after UVA irradiation. Our data suggest that under ultraviolet stress a functioning Nrf2 system is required to prevent DHA-induced inflammation and matrix degradation in dermal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Gruber
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Gebäude E6 Lab5, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Cayo Mecking Ornelas
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Gebäude E6 Lab5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Susanne Karner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Gebäude E6 Lab5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie-Sophie Narzt
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Gebäude E6 Lab5, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ionela Mariana Nagelreiter
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Gebäude E6 Lab5, 1090 Vienna, Austria; Christian Doppler Laboratory for Biotechnology of Skin Aging, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Gschwandtner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Gebäude E6 Lab5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Valery Bochkov
- Department of Vascular Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erwin Tschachler
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Anna Spiegel Gebäude E6 Lab5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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The Deleterious Effects of Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress on Palmitoylation, Membrane Lipid Rafts and Lipid-Based Cellular Signalling: New Drug Targets in Neuroimmune Disorders. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:4638-58. [PMID: 26310971 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9392-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) is causatively implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, chronic fatigue syndrome, schizophrenia and depression. Many of the consequences stemming from O&NS, including damage to proteins, lipids and DNA, are well known, whereas the effects of O&NS on lipoprotein-based cellular signalling involving palmitoylation and plasma membrane lipid rafts are less well documented. The aim of this narrative review is to discuss the mechanisms involved in lipid-based signalling, including palmitoylation, membrane/lipid raft (MLR) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) functions, the effects of O&NS processes on these processes and their role in the abovementioned diseases. S-palmitoylation is a post-translational modification, which regulates protein trafficking and association with the plasma membrane, protein subcellular location and functions. Palmitoylation and MRLs play a key role in neuronal functions, including glutamatergic neurotransmission, and immune-inflammatory responses. Palmitoylation, MLRs and n-3 PUFAs are vulnerable to the corruptive effects of O&NS. Chronic O&NS inhibits palmitoylation and causes profound changes in lipid membrane composition, e.g. n-3 PUFA depletion, increased membrane permeability and reduced fluidity, which together lead to disorders in intracellular signal transduction, receptor dysfunction and increased neurotoxicity. Disruption of lipid-based signalling is a source of the neuroimmune disorders involved in the pathophysiology of the abovementioned diseases. n-3 PUFA supplementation is a rational therapeutic approach targeting disruptions in lipid-based signalling.
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Hennebelle M, Harbeby E, Tremblay S, Chouinard-Watkins R, Pifferi F, Plourde M, Guesnet P, Cunnane SC. Challenges to determining whether DHA can protect against age-related cognitive decline. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.2217/clp.14.61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Salem N, Vandal M, Calon F. The benefit of docosahexaenoic acid for the adult brain in aging and dementia. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2015; 92:15-22. [PMID: 25457546 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A brief overview of the evidence for omega-3 fatty acids and, in particular, of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), involvement in cognition and in dementia is given. Two studies are presented in this regard in which the key intervention is a DHA supplement. The fist, the MIDAS Study demonstrated that DHA can be of benefit for episodic memory in healthy adults with a mild memory complaint. The second, the ADCS AD trial found no benefit of DHA in the primary outcomes but found an intriguing benefit for cognitive score in ApoE4 negative allele patients. This leads to a consideration of the mechanisms of action and role of ApoE and its modulation by DHA. Given the fundamental role of ApoE in cellular lipid transport and metabolism in the brain and periphery, it is no surprise that ApoE affects n-3 PUFA brain function as well. It remains to be seen to what extent ApoE4 deleterious effect in AD is associated with n-3 PUFA-related cellular mechanisms in the brain and, more specifically, whether ApoE4 directly impairs the transport of DHA into the brain, as has been suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Salem
- Nutritional Lipids, DSM Nutritional Products, Columbia, MD, USA.
| | - Milene Vandal
- Center de recherche du center Hospitalier de l׳Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, QC, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada; Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frederic Calon
- Center de recherche du center Hospitalier de l׳Université Laval (CHUL), Québec, QC, Canada; Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada; Institut des Nutraceutiques et des Aliments Fonctionnels, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada
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28
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The impact of cholesterol, DHA, and sphingolipids on Alzheimer's disease. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2013:814390. [PMID: 24575399 PMCID: PMC3929518 DOI: 10.1155/2013/814390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder currently affecting over 35 million people worldwide. Pathological hallmarks of AD are massive amyloidosis, extracellular senile plaques, and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles accompanied by an excessive loss of synapses. Major constituents of senile plaques are 40–42 amino acid long peptides termed β-amyloid (Aβ). Aβ is produced by sequential proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). APP processing and Aβ production have been one of the central scopes in AD research in the past. In the last years, lipids and lipid-related issues are more frequently discussed to contribute to the AD pathogenesis. This review summarizes lipid alterations found in AD postmortem brains, AD transgenic mouse models, and the current understanding of how lipids influence the molecular mechanisms leading to AD and Aβ generation, focusing especially on cholesterol, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and sphingolipids/glycosphingolipids.
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Porta A, Brunoldi E, Zanoni G, Vidari G. First total synthesis of labeled EPA and DHA-derived A-type cyclopentenone isoprostanoids: [D2]-15-A3t-IsoP and [D2]-17-A4t-NeuroP. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.12.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Nielsen FH, Penland JG. Boron deprivation alters rat behaviour and brain mineral composition differently when fish oil instead of safflower oil is the diet fat source*. Nutr Neurosci 2013; 9:105-12. [PMID: 16910176 DOI: 10.1080/10284150600772189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE To determine whether boron deprivation affects rat behaviour and whether behavioural responses to boron deprivation are modified by differing amounts of dietary long-chain omega-3 fatty acids. RESEARCH DESIGN Female rats were fed diets containing 0.1 mg (9 micromol)/kg boron in a factorial arrangement with dietary variables of supplemental boron at 0 and 3mg (278 micromol)/kg and fat sources of 75 g/kg safflower oil or 65 g/kg fish (menhaden) oil plus 10 g/kg linoleic acid. After 6 weeks, six females per treatment were bred. Dams and pups continued on their respective diets through gestation, lactation and after weaning. Between ages 6 and 20 weeks, behavioural tests were performed on 13-15 male offspring from three dams in each dietary treatment. The rats were euthanized at age 21 weeks for the collection of tissues and blood. METHODS AND PROCEDURES At ages 6 and 19 weeks, auditory startle was evaluated with an acoustic startle system and avoidance behaviour was evaluated by using an elevated plus maze. At ages 7 and 20 weeks, spontaneous behaviour activity was evaluated with a photobeam activity system. A brightness discrimination test was performed on the rats between age 15 and 16 weeks. Brain mineral composition was determined by coupled argon plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Plasma total glutathione was determined by HPLC and total cholesterol and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha (8-iso-PGF2alpha) were determined by using commercially available kits. MAIN OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Boron-deficient rats were less active than boron-adequate rats when fed safflower oil based on reduced number, distance and time of horizontal movements, front entries, margin distance and vertical breaks and jumps in the spontaneous activity evaluation. Feeding fish oil instead of safflower oil attenuated the activity response to boron deprivation. In the plus maze evaluation, the behavioural reactivity of the boron-deficient rats fed fish oil was noticeably different than the other three treatments. They made more entries into both open and closed arms and the center area and thus visited more locations. The boron-deficient rats fed fish oil also exhibited the lowest copper and zinc and highest boron concentrations in brain and the highest plasma glutathione concentration. Both boron deprivation and safflower oil increased plasma 8-iso-PGF2alpha. CONCLUSIONS Both dietary boron and long-chain omega-3 fatty acids influence rat behaviour and brain composition and the influence of one these bioactive substances can be altered by changing the intake of the other. Brain mineral and plasma cholesterol, glutathione and 8-iso-PGF2alpha findings suggest that rat behaviour is affected by an interaction between boron and fish oil because both affect oxidative metabolism and act the cellular membrane level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forrest H Nielsen
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9034, USA.
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Huangfu J, Liu J, Peng C, Suen YL, Wang M, Jiang Y, Chen ZY, Chen F. DHA-rich marine microalga Schizochytrium mangrovei possesses anti-ageing effects on Drosophila melanogaster. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Microglial-neuronal interactions during neurodegenerative diseases. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2013; 8:4-6. [PMID: 23404094 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-013-9437-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the brain's immune response to disease is no longer relegated to a secondary event of limited interest. Multiple types of brain and spinal cord injuries and diseases show varying immune phenotypes over the time course of the disease. The collection of articles illustrates the wide reach of brain immunity and provides research papers and reviews that illustrate this point. These articles have added both new information and new directions to consider, and I would like to thank all of the participants for their insightful contributions to the field.
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Can urinary excretion rate of 8-isoprostrane and malonaldehyde predict postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aging? Neurol Sci 2013; 34:1665-9. [PMID: 23380806 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-013-1314-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/18/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, little is known about oxidative stress in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in aging. The aim of this study was to investigate urinary excretion rate of 8-isoprostane:creatinine (U8-isoPG:Cr) and malonaldehyde:creatinine (UMDA:Cr) to predict short-term POCD in elderly patients undergoing general and orthopedic surgery. 72 patients aged above 65 years were enrolled in this prospective observational study. Each patient underwent cognitive testing to determine POCD performed by an investigator before surgery and 1 week after surgery. Morning urine was collected at baseline, 1, 2, and 7 days postoperatively. U8-isoPG was performed using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and UMDA levels were measured by chemiluminescence detection. Creatinine levels were also analyzed if differences in the oxidative biomarkers were observed in the urine creatinine concentration. (1). Of 72 patients who completed cognitive testing, postoperative cognitive dysfunction was detected in 29.2 % (n = 21) of patients in 7 days. (2) U8-isoPG:Cr levels in 7 days postoperatively were significantly higher in POCD patients compared with the non-POCD group (p = 0.01). When measuring change from baseline, U8-isoPG:Cr levels were higher than that of control groups (p = 0.01). (3) UMDA:Cr levels were significantly elevated in 1 and 2 days postoperatively in both groups (p < 0.05). U8-isoPG:Cr level seems to be a valuable marker to detect lipid peroxidation early in POCD patients. However, it will also be important to take into account or reduce potential confounders to improve the identification of changes in the status of oxidative stress as a marker for POCD.
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Hu ZP, Browne ER, Liu T, Angel TE, Ho PC, Chan ECY. Metabonomic Profiling of TASTPM Transgenic Alzheimer’s Disease Mouse Model. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:5903-13. [DOI: 10.1021/pr300666p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Ping Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty
of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
99352, United States
| | - Edward R. Browne
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D China, Singapore Research Centre, Biopolis at One-North, 11 Biopolis Way, The Helios #03-01/02, Singapore 138667
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
99352, United States
| | - Thomas E Angel
- Biological Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington
99352, United States
| | - Paul C. Ho
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty
of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
| | - Eric Chun Yong Chan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty
of Science, National University of Singapore, 18 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginger L Milne
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602, USA.
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Corsinovi L, Biasi F, Poli G, Leonarduzzi G, Isaia G. Dietary lipids and their oxidized products in Alzheimer's disease. Mol Nutr Food Res 2011; 55 Suppl 2:S161-72. [PMID: 21954186 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2011] [Revised: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest form of dementia in the elderly, characterized by memory dysfunction, loss of lexical access, spatial and temporal disorientation, and impaired judgment. A growing body of scientific literature addresses the implication of dietary habits in the pathogenesis of AD. This review reports recent findings concerning the modulation of AD development by dietary lipids, in animals and humans, focusing on the pathogenetic role of lipid oxidation products. Oxidative breakdown products of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-6 PUFAs), and cholesterol oxidation products (oxysterols), might play a role in favoring β-amyloid deposition, a hallmark of AD's onset and progression. Conversely, ω-3 PUFAs appear to contribute to preventing and treating AD. However, high concentrations of ω-3 PUFAs can also produce oxidized derivatives reacting with important functions of nervous cells. Thus, altered balances between cholesterol and oxysterols, and between ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs must be considered in AD's pathophysiology. The use of a diet with an appropriate ω-3/ω-6 PUFA ratio, rich in healthy oils, fish and antioxidants, such as flavonoids, but low in cholesterol-containing foods, can be a beneficial component in the clinical strategies of prevention of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Corsinovi
- Internal Medicine Division, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, Asti, Italy
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Liu X, Shibata T, Hisaka S, Kawai Y, Osawa T. DHA Hydroperoxides as a Potential Inducer of Neuronal Cell Death: a Mitochondrial Dysfunction-Mediated Pathway. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2011; 43:26-33. [PMID: 18648656 PMCID: PMC2459249 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.2008040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2007] [Accepted: 01/29/2008] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During the lipid peroxidation reaction, lipid hydroperoxides are formed as primary products. Several lines of evidence suggest that lipid hydroperoxides can trigger cell death in many cell types, including neurons. In a screening of lipid hydroperoxides which can induce toxicity in neuronal cells, we found docosahexaenoic acid hydroperoxides (DHA-OOH) induced much severe levels of reactive oxygen species generation and cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells compared to the hydroperoxides of linoleic acid and arachidonic acid. Therefore, we focused on DHA-OOH, and demonstrated that DHA-OOH apparently induced an apoptosis in the neuronal cells through several apoptotic hallmarks including nuclei condensation, DNA fragmentation, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage and increased activity of caspase-3. We also found the signaling changes in mitochondria-mediated apoptosis, such as cytochrome c release and increased expression of Bcl-2, as well as a dose-dependent attenuation of mitochondrial membrane potential in the DHA-OOH treated cells. These data indicated DHA hydroperoxide as a potential inducer of apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, which may be mediated by mitochondria dysfunction pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Food and Biodynamics, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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38
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Hsu PC, Tsay HJ, Montine TJ, Shie FS. The Effects of Co-Treatment of 9-cis-Retinoic Acid and 15-Deoxy-Δ (12,14)-prostaglandin J2 on Microglial Activation. Molecules 2011. [PMCID: PMC6263267 DOI: 10.3390/molecules16054045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglial activation plays an important role in the regulation of neuronal function and contributes to the development of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Activation of nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) by an endogenous agonist, 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2), has been shown to be beneficial in many diseases with aberrant immune responses. Here, we report that co-treatment with 15d-PGJ2 and its synergistic partner, 9-cis-retinoic acid (RA), may modulate, but not abolish, microglial immune response activated by β-amyloid (Aβ) and interferon gamma (IFNγ). The co-treatment of RA and 15d-PGJ2 inhibited Aβ/IFNγ-activated immune response in primary microglia, as evidenced by suppressed expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2); and the effect was not affected by treatment with a PPARγ antagonist, GW9662. Data suggest that PPARγ activation may not contribute to the anti-inflammatory properties of the co-treatment. The co-treatment promoted microglial Aβ clearance in cultures; and the effect can be prevented by blocking PPARγ activation using GW9662. The effects of the co-treatment on Aβ clearance may be PPARγ-dependent. Intriguingly, secretion of microglial pro-nerve growth factor (pro-NGF) was inhibited by Aβ/IFNγ treatment in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that secretion of microglial pro-NGF may not contribute to the Aβ/IFNγ-activated microglial immune response. Taken together, the co-treatment may be beneficial for AD therapy; however, our data suggest that multiple mechanisms may underlie the beneficial effects of the co-treatment and are not limited to PPARγ activation only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chien Hsu
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; E-Mails: (P.-C.H.); (J.-J.T.)
| | - Huey-Jen Tsay
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; E-Mails: (P.-C.H.); (J.-J.T.)
| | - Thomas J. Montine
- Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98223, USA; E-Mail:
| | - Feng-Shiun Shie
- Division of Mental Health and Addiction Medicine, the Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 350, Taiwan
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +886-1-37-246-166 ext. 36709; Fax: +886-1-37-586-453
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Mangal D, Uboh CE, Soma LR. Analysis of bioactive eicosanoids in equine plasma by stable isotope dilution reversed-phase liquid chromatography/multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2011; 25:585-598. [PMID: 21290445 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative metabolites of arachidonic acid (AA) are implicated in inflammation. Thus, we evaluated cycloxygenases (COXs) and lipoxygenases (LOs) mediated metabolism of AA to eicosanoids in equine plasma. Eicosanoids were extracted from plasma by two liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) steps; first was by chloroform/isopropanol and second by methyl-tert-butyl ether. For identification and quantification of 25 eicosanoids, a highly specific, selective and sensitive stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography (LC) multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mass spectrometric (MS) method was developed. To avoid artifact formation of eicosanoids, deferoxamine was added to plasma to chelate residual transition metal ions. The calibration curve showed excellent linearity within 0.1 to 10 ng/mL. Slopes of the calibration curves generated by adding known quantities of eicosanoids in plasma were higher than those prepared in methanol/mobile phase A. Addition of deferoxamine decreased the slope of calibration curves generated using plasma. Limit of detection (LOD) was 1-10 pg on-column for 25 different eicosanoids. Inter-day accuracy was 86-111%, whereas intra-day accuracy was from 88-110%, and precision did not exceed 15% for all quality control (QC) samples. To evaluate the formation of eicosanoids, AA was exogenously added or endogenous AA was released from esterified lipids by calcium ionophore (CI) A23187 treatment of equine whole blood. Pre-treatment of equine whole blood with dexamethasone (DEX) significantly inhibited AA or CI A23187- mediated formation of eicosanoids. The validated method is now employed in studies undertaken to better understand the mechanism of action and pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of eicosanoids after administration of glucocorticoids to horses. This method is reliably reproducible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipti Mangal
- University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center Campus, Kennett Square, 19348, USA
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40
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3-Ketoacyl thiolase delays aging of Caenorhabditis elegans and is required for lifespan extension mediated by sir-2.1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2010; 107:18927-32. [PMID: 20956318 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1013854107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies of long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants have identified several genes that function to limit lifespan, i.e., loss-of-function mutations in these genes promote longevity. By contrast, little is known about genes that normally act to delay aging and that when mutated cause premature aging (progeria). To seek such genes, we performed a genetic screen for C. elegans mutants that age prematurely. We found that loss-of-function mutations of the ketoacyl thiolase gene kat-1 result in an increased accumulation of the lipofuscin-like fluorescent aging pigment, shortened lifespan, early behavioral decline, and other abnormalities characteristic of premature aging. These findings suggest that kat-1 acts to delay C. elegans aging. kat-1 encodes a conserved metabolic enzyme that catalyzes the last step of fatty acid oxidation and was previously shown to regulate fat accumulation in worms. We observed that kat-1 is required for the extension of lifespan and enhanced thermotolerance mediated by extra copies of the deacetylase gene sir-2.1. kat-1 acts independently of other known pathways that affect longevity. Our findings suggest that defects in fatty acid oxidation can limit lifespan and accelerate aging in C. elegans and that kat-1-mediated fatty acid oxidation is crucial for overexpressed sir-2.1 to delay aging.
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Stavrovskaya IG, Baranov SV, Guo X, Davies SS, Roberts LJ, Kristal BS. Reactive gamma-ketoaldehydes formed via the isoprostane pathway disrupt mitochondrial respiration and calcium homeostasis. Free Radic Biol Med 2010; 49:567-79. [PMID: 20472054 PMCID: PMC2903647 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2010.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2010] [Revised: 04/22/2010] [Accepted: 04/30/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Isoketals (IsoKs) are gamma-ketoaldehydes formed via the isoprostane pathway of arachidonic acid peroxidation and are among the most reactive by-products of lipid peroxidation. IsoKs selectively adduct to protein lysine residues and are highly cytotoxic, but the targets and molecular events involved in IsoK-induced cell death are poorly defined. Our previous work established that physiologically relevant aldehydes induce mitochondrial dysfunction (Kristal et al., J. Biol. Chem.271:6033-6038; 1996). We therefore examined whether IsoKs induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Incubation of mitochondria with synthetic IsoKs in the presence or absence of Ca(2+) was associated with alterations in mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential (DeltaPsi), and pyridine nucleotide redox state. IsoKs dose dependently (0.5-4microM) accelerated liver mitochondria swelling induced by low concentrations of Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) or by the prooxidant tert-butylhydroperoxide, and release of cytochrome c, with similar observations in heart/brain mitochondria. The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) inhibitor cyclosporine A delayed IsoK-induced mitochondria dysfunction. The actions of IsoKs are consistent with interactions with cytochrome c, a protein rich in lysine residues. Direct reaction of IsoKs with select lysines in cytochrome c was demonstrated using high-resolution mass spectrometry. Overall, these results suggest that IsoKs may, in part, mediate their cytotoxic effects through induction of the mPT and subsequent activation of downstream cell death cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina G. Stavrovskaya
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Rm. LM322, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
| | - Sergei V. Baranov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Rm. LM322, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
| | - Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Rm. LM322, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
| | - Sean S. Davies
- Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN 27232
| | | | - Bruce S. Kristal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Rm. LM322, Boston, MA 02115
- Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School
- Address correspondence to: Bruce S. Kristal, Ph.D, 221 Longwood Ave, Rm. LM322, Boston, MA 02115. Fax: 617-264-6862;
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Yoo HJ, Håkansson K. Determination of Double Bond Location in Fatty Acids by Manganese Adduction and Electron Induced Dissociation. Anal Chem 2010; 82:6940-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac101217x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ju Yoo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055
| | - Kristina Håkansson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055
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43
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Zemski Berry KA, Turner WW, VanNieuwenhze MS, Murphy RC. Stable isotope labeled 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid derivatives of glycerophosphoethanolamine lipids. Anal Chem 2010; 81:6633-40. [PMID: 20337376 DOI: 10.1021/ac900583a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A set of four (D(0), D(4), D(6), and D(10)) deuterium enriched 4-(dimethylamino)benzoic acid (DMABA) N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester reagents was developed that react with the primary amine group of glycerophosphoethanolamine (PE) lipids to create derivatives where all subclasses of DMABA labeled PE are detected by a common precursor ion scan. The positive ion collision induced dissociation data from (D(0), D(4), D(6), and D(10))-DMABA labeled PE standards indicated that a precursor ion scan of m/z 191.1, 195.1, 197.1, and 201.1 could be used to selectively detect (D(0), D(4), D(6), and D(10))-DMABA modified PE, respectively, in a complex biological mixture. The PE lipids from a time course (0, 30, 60, and 300 min) of 2,2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH) treatment of liposomes made of RAW 264.7 cell phospholipids were each labeled with the D(0)-, D(4)-, D(10)-, and D(6)-DMABA NHS ester reagents, respectively. The DMABA derivatives revealed loss of endogenous PE lipids and an increase in oxidized PE lipid throughout the time course of AAPH treatment. These DMABA NHS ester reagents provide a universal scan for diacyl, ether, and plasmalogen PE lipids that cannot be readily observed otherwise, enable differential labeling, and provide an internal standard for each PE lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Zemski Berry
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA
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Palacios-Pelaez R, Lukiw WJ, Bazan NG. Omega-3 Essential Fatty Acids Modulate Initiation and Progression of Neurodegenerative Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2010; 41:367-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-010-8139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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45
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Shibata N, Inose Y, Toi S, Hiroi A, Yamamoto T, Kobayashi M. Involvement of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal accumulation in multiple system atrophy. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2010; 43:69-75. [PMID: 20514294 PMCID: PMC2875863 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.10005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/17/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have suggested implications for α-synuclein cytotoxicity in the pathomechanism of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Given in vitro evidence that α-synuclein generates oxidative stress, it is proposed that lipid peroxidation may be accelerated in MSA. To address this issue, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of protein-bound 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (P-HNE) in sections of archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pontine materials of eight sporadic MSA patients and eight age-matched control subjects. In the MSA cases, P-HNE immunoreactivity was localized in all of the neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions and glial cytoplasmic inclusions, both of them identified with α-synuclein and ubiquitin. It was also detectable in reactive astrocytes and phagocytic microglia but undetectable in activated microglia. By contrast, P-HNE immunoreactivity in the control cases was only very weak or not at all in the parenchyma including neurons and glia. The present results provide in vivo evidence that HNE participates in α-synuclein-induced cytotoxicity and neuroinflammation in MSA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuri Inose
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| | - Sono Toi
- Department of Neurology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
| | - Atsuko Hiroi
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University
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46
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Jicha GA, Markesbery WR. Omega-3 fatty acids: potential role in the management of early Alzheimer's disease. Clin Interv Aging 2010; 5:45-61. [PMID: 20396634 PMCID: PMC2854051 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s5231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 fatty acids are essential for brain growth and development. They play an important role throughout life, as critical modulators of neuronal function and regulation of oxidative stress mechanisms, in brain health and disease. Docosahexanoic acid (DHA), the major omega-3 fatty acid found in neurons, has taken on a central role as a target for therapeutic intervention in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A plethora of in vitro, animal model, and human data, gathered over the past decade, highlight the important role DHA may play in the development of a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders, including AD. Cross sectional and prospective cohort data have demonstrated that reduced dietary intake or low brain levels of DHA are associated with accelerated cognitive decline or the development of incipient dementia, including AD. Several clinical trials investigating the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in AD have been completed and all failed to demonstrate its efficacy in the treatment of AD. However, these trials produced intriguing data suggesting that the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may depend on the stage of disease, other dietary mediators, and apolipoprotein E status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Jicha
- University of Kentucky, Alzheimer's Disease Center and the Sanders-Brown Center on Aging University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536-0230, USA.
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47
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Butterfield DA, Bader Lange ML, Sultana R. Involvements of the lipid peroxidation product, HNE, in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2010; 1801:924-9. [PMID: 20176130 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2010.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2009] [Revised: 02/01/2010] [Accepted: 02/03/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder. A number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain AD pathogenesis. One such hypothesis proposed to explain AD pathogenesis is the oxidative stress hypothesis. Increased levels of oxidative stress markers including the markers of lipid peroxidation such as acrolein, 4-hydroxy-2-trans-nonenal (HNE), malondialdehyde, etc. are found in brains of AD subjects. In this review, we focus principally on research conducted in the area of HNE in the central nervous system (CNS) of AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and further, we discuss likely consequences of lipid peroxidation with respect to AD pathogenesis and progression. Based on the research conducted so far in the area of lipid peroxidation, it is suggested that lipid accessible antioxidant molecules could be a promising therapeutic approach to treat or slow progression of MCI and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry, Center of Membrane Sciences, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington KY 40506-0055, USA.
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48
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Is Lipid Peroxidation of Polyunsaturated Acids the Only Source of Free Radicals That Induce Aging and Age-Related Diseases? Rejuvenation Res 2010; 13:91-103. [DOI: 10.1089/rej.2009.0934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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49
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Commentary on "Optimal design of clinical trials for drugs designed to slow the course of Alzheimer's disease." Biochemical biomarkers of late-life dementia. Alzheimers Dement 2009; 2:287-93. [PMID: 19595902 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2006.05.2347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2006] [Accepted: 05/24/2006] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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50
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Higdon AN, Dranka BP, Hill BG, Oh JY, Johnson MS, Landar A, Darley-Usmar VM. Methods for imaging and detecting modification of proteins by reactive lipid species. Free Radic Biol Med 2009; 47:201-12. [PMID: 19446632 PMCID: PMC2727357 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 05/12/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Products of lipid peroxidation are generated in a wide range of pathologies associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Many oxidized lipids contain reactive functional groups that can modify proteins, change their structure and function, and affect cell signaling. However, intracellular localization and protein adducts of reactive lipids have been difficult to detect, and the methods of detection rely largely on antibodies raised against specific lipid-protein adducts. As an alternative approach to monitoring oxidized lipids in cultured cells, we have tagged the lipid peroxidation substrate arachidonic acid and an electrophilic lipid, 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-prostaglandin-J2 (15d-PGJ2), with either biotin or the fluorophore BODIPY. Tagged arachidonic acid can be used in combination with conditions of oxidant stress or inflammation to assess the subcellular localization and protein modification by oxidized lipids generated in situ. Furthermore, we show that reactive lipid oxidation products such as 15d-PGJ2 can also be labeled and used in fluorescence and Western blotting applications. This article describes the synthesis, purification, and selected application of these tagged lipids in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Victor M. Darley-Usmar
- Corresponding author: Victor M. Darley-Usmar, PhD, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Biomedical Research Building II, 901 19th Street South, Birmingham, Alabama 35294, Tel: 205-975-9686, Fax: 205-934-1775, e-mail:
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