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Stephen TKL, Cofresi LA, Quiroz E, Owusu-Ansah K, Ibrahim Y, Qualls E, Marshall J, Li W, Shetti A, Bonds JA, Minshall RD, Cologna SM, Lazarov O. Caveolin-1 Autonomously Regulates Hippocampal Neurogenesis Via Mitochondrial Dynamics. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.23.558792. [PMID: 37790360 PMCID: PMC10542167 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.23.558792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) are not fully understood. AHN plays instrumental roles in learning and memory. Understanding the signals that regulate AHN has implications for brain function and therapy. Here we show that Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), a protein that is highly enriched in endothelial cells and the principal component of caveolae, autonomously regulates AHN. Conditional deletion of Cav-1 in adult neural progenitor cells (nestin +) led to increased neurogenesis and enhanced performance of mice in contextual discrimination. Proteomic analysis revealed that Cav-1 plays a role in mitochondrial pathways in neural progenitor cells. Importantly, Cav-1 was localized to the mitochondria in neural progenitor cells and modulated mitochondrial fission-fusion, a critical process in neurogenesis. These results suggest that Cav-1 is a novel regulator of AHN and underscore the impact of AHN on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terilyn K. L. Stephen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Luis Aponte Cofresi
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elvis Quiroz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kofi Owusu-Ansah
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yomna Ibrahim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ellis Qualls
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jeffery Marshall
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Wenping Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aashutosh Shetti
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jacqueline A Bonds
- Departmet of Anesthesiology, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Richard D. Minshall
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL,USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL USA
| | | | - Orly Lazarov
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Lead Contact
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Sudi S, Thomas FM, Daud SK, Ag Daud DM, Sunggip C. The Pleiotropic Role of Extracellular ATP in Myocardial Remodelling. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052102. [PMID: 36903347 PMCID: PMC10004151 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodelling is a molecular, cellular, and interstitial adaptation of the heart in response to altered environmental demands. The heart undergoes reversible physiological remodelling in response to changes in mechanical loading or irreversible pathological remodelling induced by neurohumoral factors and chronic stress, leading to heart failure. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is one of the potent mediators in cardiovascular signalling that act on the ligand-gated (P2X) and G-protein-coupled (P2Y) purinoceptors via the autocrine or paracrine manners. These activations mediate numerous intracellular communications by modulating the production of other messengers, including calcium, growth factors, cytokines, and nitric oxide. ATP is known to play a pleiotropic role in cardiovascular pathophysiology, making it a reliable biomarker for cardiac protection. This review outlines the sources of ATP released under physiological and pathological stress and its cell-specific mechanism of action. We further highlight a series of cardiovascular cell-to-cell communications of extracellular ATP signalling cascades in cardiac remodelling, which can be seen in hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, fibrosis, hypertrophy, and atrophy. Finally, we summarize current pharmacological intervention using the ATP network as a target for cardiac protection. A better understanding of ATP communication in myocardial remodelling could be worthwhile for future drug development and repurposing and the management of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaini Sudi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Fiona Macniesia Thomas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Siti Kadzirah Daud
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Dayang Maryama Ag Daud
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Health through Exercise and Active Living (HEAL) Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Caroline Sunggip
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Sabah, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Chamsuwan S, Buranakarl C, Angkanaporn K, Dissayabutra T, Chuaypen N, Pisitkun T, Kalpongnukul N. A urinary proteomic study in hypercalciuric dogs with and without calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Vet World 2022; 15:2937-2944. [PMID: 36718335 PMCID: PMC9880843 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2937-2944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hypercalciuria is an important predisposing factor commonly found in humans and dogs with calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis. Calcium oxalate crystals can induce an inflammatory reaction that subsequently produces several proteins that have an inhibitory or stimulatory effect on stone formation. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in urinary proteomic profiles between hypercalciuric CaOx stone dogs and hypercalciuric stone-free dogs (CaOx stone and control groups, respectively). Materials and Methods Seven dogs with hypercalciuric CaOx urolithiasis and breed-, sex-, and aged-matched controls with hypercalciuria were included in the study. Serum and urine samples were obtained from all dogs to analyze electrolytes. Urinary proteomic profiles were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Student's t-test was used to compare the differences between groups. Results Forty-nine urinary proteins were identified in the stone-free and CaOx stone groups, whereas 19 and 6 proteins were unique in the CaOx stone and stone-free groups, respectively. The urinary thrombomodulin level was significantly higher in the CaOx stone group (relative ratio = 1.8, p < 0.01) than in the stone-free group. Conclusion This study demonstrated that urinary proteomic profiles may be used as a candidate biomarker for urinary tract injury in CaOx urolithiasis in dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumonwan Chamsuwan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chollada Buranakarl
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand,Corresponding author: Chollada Buranakarl, e-mail: Co-authors: SC: , KA: , TD: , NC: , TP: , NK:
| | - Kris Angkanaporn
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Thasinas Dissayabutra
- Metabolic Disease in Gut and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Metabolic Disease in Gut and Urinary System Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Trairak Pisitkun
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nuttiya Kalpongnukul
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Low JY, Laiho M. Caveolae-Associated Molecules, Tumor Stroma, and Cancer Drug Resistance: Current Findings and Future Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030589. [PMID: 35158857 PMCID: PMC8833326 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cell membranes contain small invaginations called caveolae. They are a specialized lipid domain and orchestrate cellular signaling events, mechanoprotection, and lipid homeostasis. Formation of the caveolae depends on two classes of proteins, the caveolins and cavins, which form large complexes that allow their self-assembly into caveolae. Loss of either of these two proteins leads to distortion of the caveolae structure and disruption of many physiological processes that affect diseases of the muscle, metabolic states governing lipids, and the glucose balance as well as cancers. In cancers, the expression of caveolins and cavins is heterogenous, and they undergo alterations both in the tumors and the surrounding tumor microenvironment stromal cells. Remarkably, their expression and function has been associated with resistance to many cancer drugs. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the resistance mechanisms and how this knowledge could be applied into the clinic in future. Abstract The discovery of small, “cave-like” invaginations at the plasma membrane, called caveola, has opened up a new and exciting research area in health and diseases revolving around this cellular ultrastructure. Caveolae are rich in cholesterol and orchestrate cellular signaling events. Within caveola, the caveola-associated proteins, caveolins and cavins, are critical components for the formation of these lipid rafts, their dynamics, and cellular pathophysiology. Their alterations underlie human diseases such as lipodystrophy, muscular dystrophy, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. The expression of caveolins and cavins is modulated in tumors and in tumor stroma, and their alterations are connected with cancer progression and treatment resistance. To date, although substantial breakthroughs in cancer drug development have been made, drug resistance remains a problem leading to treatment failures and challenging translation and bench-to-bedside research. Here, we summarize the current progress in understanding cancer drug resistance in the context of caveola-associated molecules and tumor stroma and discuss how we can potentially design therapeutic avenues to target these molecules in order to overcome treatment resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yih Low
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-410-502-9748; Fax: +1-410-502-2821
| | - Marikki Laiho
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA;
- Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
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Li M, Zhang YJ, Liu DX, Liu Z, Fu M, Yang QR, Sun HS. Expression of caveolin family proteins in serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2021; 30:1819-1828. [PMID: 34569384 DOI: 10.1177/09612033211035508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Caveolin family proteins, including caveolin-1 (Cav-1), caveolin-2 (Cav-2), and caveolin-3 (Cav-3), are identified as the principal protein components of caveolae in mammalian cells. Circulating form of caveolin family proteins can be used as a good potential biomarker for predicting disease. METHODS To investigate the clinical significance of the serological levels of caveolin family proteins in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we evaluated the soluble serum levels of caveolin family proteins in patients with SLE by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and assessed their associations with various known clinical variables. RESULTS The major findings of our study are as follows: Cav-2 was not detected in serum of SLE patients and normal controls (NCs). Serum Cav-1 and Cav-3 levels were higher in SLE patients compared with NCs. There were no significant correlations between serum Cav-1 and Cav-3 levels and SLE disease activity. Further analysis showed that serum Cav-3 may be more valuable as a marker than serum Cav-1 in SLE patients. CONCLUSION Serum levels of Cav-1 and Cav-3 might have a diagnostic role in patients with SLE. However, their predictive and prognostic value was not determined. Further studies are necessary to determine the potential clinical significance of these assays in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Jing Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Xia Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Min Fu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Rui Yang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Sheng Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, 34708Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), Jinan, P.R. China
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Jozic I, Abujamra BA, Elliott MH, Wikramanayake TC, Marjanovic J, Stone RC, Head CR, Pastar I, Kirsner RS, Andreopoulos FM, Musi JP, Tomic-Canic M. Glucocorticoid-mediated induction of caveolin-1 disrupts cytoskeletal organization, inhibits cell migration and re-epithelialization of non-healing wounds. Commun Biol 2021; 4:757. [PMID: 34145387 PMCID: PMC8213848 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02298-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although impaired keratinocyte migration is a recognized hallmark of chronic wounds, the molecular mechanisms underpinning impaired cell movement are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that both diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) and venous leg ulcers (VLUs) exhibit global deregulation of cytoskeletal organization in genomic comparison to normal skin and acute wounds. Interestingly, we found that DFUs and VLUs exhibited downregulation of ArhGAP35, which serves both as an inactivator of RhoA and as a glucocorticoid repressor. Since chronic wounds exhibit elevated levels of cortisol and caveolin-1 (Cav1), we posited that observed elevation of Cav1 expression may contribute to impaired actin-cytoskeletal signaling, manifesting in aberrant keratinocyte migration. We showed that Cav1 indeed antagonizes ArhGAP35, resulting in increased activation of RhoA and diminished activation of Cdc42, which can be rescued by Cav1 disruption. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both inducible keratinocyte specific Cav1 knockout mice, and MβCD treated diabetic mice, exhibit accelerated wound closure. Taken together, our findings provide a previously unreported mechanism by which Cav1-mediated cytoskeletal organization prevents wound closure in patients with chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Jozic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Beatriz Abdo Abujamra
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Michael H Elliott
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Physiology, and Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Tongyu C Wikramanayake
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Jelena Marjanovic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rivka C Stone
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Cheyanne R Head
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Irena Pastar
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Robert S Kirsner
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Fotios M Andreopoulos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
- Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Juan P Musi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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Gurley JM, Gmyrek GB, McClellan ME, Hargis EA, Hauck SM, Dozmorov MG, Wren JD, Carr DJJ, Elliott MH. Neuroretinal-Derived Caveolin-1 Promotes Endotoxin-Induced Inflammation in the Murine Retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2021; 61:19. [PMID: 33079993 PMCID: PMC7585394 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.61.12.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The immune-privileged environment and complex organization of retinal tissue support the retina's essential role in visual function, yet confound inquiries into cell-specific inflammatory effects that lead to dysfunction and degeneration. Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is an integral membrane protein expressed in several retinal cell types and is implicated in immune regulation. However, whether Cav1 promotes or inhibits inflammatory processes in the retina (as well as in other tissues) remains unclear. Previously, we showed that global-Cav1 depletion resulted in reduced retinal inflammatory cytokine production but paradoxically elevated retinal immune cell infiltration. We hypothesized that these disparate responses are the result of differential cell-specific Cav1 functions in the retina. Methods We used Cre/lox technology to deplete Cav1 specifically in the neural retinal (NR) compartment to clarify the role NR-specific Cav1 (NR-Cav1) in the retinal immune response to intravitreal inflammatory challenge induced by activation of Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4). We used multiplex protein suspension array and flow cytometry to evaluate innate immune activation. Additionally, we used bioinformatics assessment of differentially expressed membrane-associated proteins to infer relationships between NR-Cav1 and immune response pathways. Results NR-Cav1 depletion, which primarily affects Müller glia Cav1 expression, significantly altered immune response pathway regulators, decreased retinal inflammatory cytokine production, and reduced retinal immune cell infiltration in response to LPS-stimulated inflammatory induction. Conclusions Cav1 expression in the NR compartment promotes the innate TLR4-mediated retinal tissue immune response. Additionally, we have identified novel potential immune modulators differentially expressed with NR-Cav1 depletion. This study further clarifies the role of NR-Cav1 in retinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jami M Gurley
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Grzegorz B Gmyrek
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Mark E McClellan
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Elizabeth A Hargis
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Stefanie M Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Mikhail G Dozmorov
- Department of Biostatistics, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU), Richmond, Virginia, United States
| | - Jonathan D Wren
- Arthritis and Clinical Immunology Research Program, Division of Genomics and Data Sciences, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation (OMRF), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Daniel J J Carr
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
| | - Michael H Elliott
- Department of Ophthalmology/Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (OUHSC), Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States
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Egger AN, Rajabi‐Estarabadi A, Williams NM, Resnik SR, Fox JD, Wong LL, Jozic I. The importance of caveolins and caveolae to dermatology: Lessons from the caves and beyond. Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:136-148. [PMID: 31845391 PMCID: PMC7028117 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae are flask-shaped invaginations of the cell membrane rich in cholesterol and sphingomyelin, with caveolin proteins acting as their primary structural components that allow compartmentalization and orchestration of various signalling molecules. In this review, we discuss how pleiotropic functions of caveolin-1 (Cav1) and its intricate roles in numerous cellular functions including lipid trafficking, signalling, cell migration and proliferation, as well as cellular senescence, infection and inflammation, are integral for normal development and functioning of skin and its appendages. We then examine how disruption of the homeostatic levels of Cav1 can lead to development of various cutaneous pathophysiologies including skin cancers, cutaneous fibroses, psoriasis, alopecia, age-related changes in skin and aberrant wound healing and propose how levels of Cav1 may have theragnostic value in skin physiology/pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andjela N. Egger
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Ali Rajabi‐Estarabadi
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Natalie M. Williams
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Sydney R. Resnik
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Joshua D. Fox
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Lulu L. Wong
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
| | - Ivan Jozic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research ProgramDr. Phillip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous SurgeryUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA
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Thangavel C, Gomes CM, Zderic SA, Javed E, Addya S, Singh J, Das S, Birbe R, Den RB, Rattan S, Deshpande DA, Penn RB, Chacko S, Boopathi E. NF-κB and GATA-Binding Factor 6 Repress Transcription of Caveolins in Bladder Smooth Muscle Hypertrophy. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2019; 189:847-867. [PMID: 30707892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2018.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Caveolins (CAVs) are structural proteins of caveolae that function as signaling platforms to regulate smooth muscle contraction. Loss of CAV protein expression is associated with impaired contraction in obstruction-induced bladder smooth muscle (BSM) hypertrophy. In this study, microarray analysis of bladder RNA revealed down-regulation of CAV1, CAV2, and CAV3 gene transcription in BSM from models of obstructive bladder disease in mice and humans. We identified and characterized regulatory regions responsible for CAV1, CAV2, and CAV3 gene expression in mice with obstruction-induced BSM hypertrophy, and in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. DNA affinity chromatography and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed a greater increase in binding of GATA-binding factor 6 (GATA-6) and NF-κB to their cognate binding motifs on CAV1, CAV2, and CAV3 promoters in obstructed BSM relative to that observed in control BSM. Knockout of NF-κB subunits, shRNA-mediated knockdown of GATA-6, or pharmacologic inhibition of GATA-6 and NF-κB in BSM increased CAV1, CAV2, and CAV3 transcription and promoter activity. Conversely, overexpression of GATA-6 decreased CAV2 and CAV3 transcription and promoter activity. Collectively, these data provide new insight into the mechanisms by which CAV gene expression is repressed in hypertrophied BSM in obstructive bladder disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristiano M Gomes
- Division of Urology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephen A Zderic
- Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elham Javed
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sankar Addya
- Kimmel Cancer Centre, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jagmohan Singh
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Sreya Das
- Kimmel Cancer Centre, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ruth Birbe
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cooper University Health Care, Camden, New Jersey
| | - Robert B Den
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Satish Rattan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Deepak A Deshpande
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Raymond B Penn
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel Chacko
- Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ettickan Boopathi
- Department of Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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10
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Ayloo S, Gu C. Transcytosis at the blood-brain barrier. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2019; 57:32-38. [PMID: 30708291 DOI: 10.1016/j.conb.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a functional interface separating the brain from the circulatory system and is essential for homeostasis of the central nervous system (CNS). The BBB regulates molecular flux to maintain an optimal environment for neuronal function and protects the brain from toxins and pathogens. Endothelial cells forming the walls of CNS blood vessels constitute the BBB. CNS endothelial cells exhibit two features that underlie the restrictive properties of the BBB: specialized tight junctions that prevent paracellular passage between the blood and the brain, and unusually low levels of vesicle trafficking that limit transcellular transport or transcytosis. While the prevailing view in the field was that specialized tight junctions contributed to CNS barrier properties, recent findings have revealed the importance of maintaining low rates of transcytosis at the BBB. It is now clear that suppression of transcytosis at the BBB is an active process and CNS-specific genetic programs inhibit this pathway to maintain a functional barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathi Ayloo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chenghua Gu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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11
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DeLalio LJ, Keller AS, Chen J, Boyce AK, Artamonov M, Askew-Page HR, Keller TS, Johnstone SR, Weaver RB, Good ME, Murphy S, Best AK, Mintz EL, Penuela S, Greenwood I, Machado RF, Somlyo AV, Swayne LA, Minshall R, Isakson BE. Interaction Between Pannexin 1 and Caveolin-1 in Smooth Muscle Can Regulate Blood Pressure. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:2065-2078. [PMID: 30026274 PMCID: PMC6202122 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Sympathetic nerve innervation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a major regulator of arteriolar vasoconstriction, vascular resistance, and blood pressure. Importantly, α-adrenergic receptor stimulation, which uniquely couples with Panx1 (pannexin 1) channel-mediated ATP release in resistance arteries, also requires localization to membrane caveolae. Here, we test whether localization of Panx1 to Cav1 (caveolin-1) promotes channel function (stimulus-dependent ATP release and adrenergic vasoconstriction) and is important for blood pressure homeostasis. Approach and Results- We use in vitro VSMC culture models, ex vivo resistance arteries, and a novel inducible VSMC-specific Cav1 knockout mouse to probe interactions between Panx1 and Cav1. We report that Panx1 and Cav1 colocalized on the VSMC plasma membrane of resistance arteries near sympathetic nerves in an adrenergic stimulus-dependent manner. Genetic deletion of Cav1 significantly blunts adrenergic-stimulated ATP release and vasoconstriction, with no direct influence on endothelium-dependent vasodilation or cardiac function. A significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (total=4 mm Hg; night=7 mm Hg) occurred in mice deficient for VSMC Cav1. These animals were resistant to further blood pressure lowering using a Panx1 peptide inhibitor Px1IL2P, which targets an intracellular loop region necessary for channel function. Conclusions- Translocalization of Panx1 to Cav1-enriched caveolae in VSMCs augments the release of purinergic stimuli necessary for proper adrenergic-mediated vasoconstriction and blood pressure homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon J. DeLalio
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Alexander S. Keller
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Jiwang Chen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Andrew K.J. Boyce
- Division of Medical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC Canada
| | - Mykhaylo Artamonov
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Henry R. Askew-Page
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - T.C. Stevenson Keller
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Scott R. Johnstone
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Rachel B. Weaver
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Miranda E. Good
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Sara Murphy
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Angela K. Best
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Ellen L. Mintz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Engineering, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich Scholl of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London ON, Canada
| | - Iain Greenwood
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s University London UK
| | - Roberto F. Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, & Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
| | - Avril V. Somlyo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Leigh Anne Swayne
- Division of Medical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC Canada
| | - Richard Minshall
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL
| | - Brant E. Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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12
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Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav1) is essential for the formation of caveolae. Little is known about their functional role in the kidney. We tested the hypothesis that caveolae modulate renal salt and water reabsorption. Wild-type (WT) and Cav1-deficient (Cav1−/−) mice were studied. Cav1 expression and caveolae formation were present in vascular cells, late distal convoluted tubule and principal connecting tubule and collecting duct cells of WT but not Cav1−/− kidneys. Urinary sodium excretion was increased by 94% and urine flow by 126% in Cav1−/− mice (p < 0.05). A decrease in activating phosphorylation of the Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) of the distal convoluted tubule was recorded in Cav1−/− compared to WT kidneys (−40%; p < 0.05). Isolated intrarenal arteries from Cav1−/− mice revealed a fourfold reduction in sensitivity to phenylephrine (p < 0.05). A significantly diminished maximal contractile response (−13%; p < 0.05) was suggestive of enhanced nitric oxide (NO) availability. In line with this, the abundance of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) was increased in Cav1−/− kidneys +213%; p < 0.05) and cultured caveolae-deprived cells showed intracellular accumulation of eNOS, compared to caveolae-intact controls. Our results suggest that renal caveolae help to conserve water and electrolytes via modulation of NCC function and regulation of vascular eNOS.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diabetic nephropathy, a major microvascular complication of diabetes and the most common cause of end-stage renal disease, is characterized by prominent accumulation of extracellular matrix. The membrane microdomains caveolae, and their integral protein caveolin-1, play critical roles in the regulation of signal transduction. In this review we discuss current knowledge of the contribution of caveolin-1/caveolae to profibrotic signaling and the pathogenesis of diabetic kidney disease, and assess its potential as a therapeutic target. RECENT FINDINGS Caveolin (cav)-1 is key to facilitating profibrotic signal transduction induced by several stimuli known to be pathogenic in diabetic nephropathy, including the most prominent factors hyperglycemia and angiotensin II. Phosphorylation of cav-1 on Y14 is an important regulator of these responses. In vivo studies support a pathogenic role for caveolae in the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Targeting caveolin-1/caveolae would enable inhibition of multiple profibrotic pathways, representing a novel and potentially potent therapeutic option for diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Van Krieken
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Ave E, T3311, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Joan C Krepinsky
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, St. Joseph's Hospital, McMaster University, 50 Charlton Ave E, T3311, Hamilton, ON, L8N 4A6, Canada.
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Otis JP, Shen MC, Quinlivan V, Anderson JL, Farber SA. Intestinal epithelial cell caveolin 1 regulates fatty acid and lipoprotein cholesterol plasma levels. Dis Model Mech 2017; 10:283-295. [PMID: 28130355 PMCID: PMC5374320 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.027300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolae and their structural protein caveolin 1 (CAV1) have roles in cellular lipid processing and systemic lipid metabolism. Global deletion of CAV1 in mice results in insulin resistance and increases in atherogenic plasma lipids and cholesterol, but protects from diet-induced obesity and atherosclerosis. Despite the fundamental role of the intestinal epithelia in the regulation of dietary lipid processing and metabolism, the contributions of CAV1 to lipid metabolism in this tissue have never been directly investigated. In this study the cellular dynamics of intestinal Cav1 were visualized in zebrafish and the metabolic contributions of CAV1 were determined with mice lacking CAV1 in intestinal epithelial cells (CAV1IEC-KO). Live imaging of Cav1–GFP and fluorescently labeled caveolae cargos shows localization to the basolateral and lateral enterocyte plasma membrane (PM), suggesting Cav1 mediates transport between enterocytes and the submucosa. CAV1IEC-KO mice are protected from the elevation in circulating fasted low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol associated with a high-fat diet (HFD), but have increased postprandial LDL cholesterol, total free fatty acids (FFAs), palmitoleic acid, and palmitic acid. The increase in circulating FAs in HFD CAV1IEC-KO mice is mirrored by decreased hepatic FAs, suggesting a non-cell-autonomous role for intestinal epithelial cell CAV1 in promoting hepatic FA storage. In conclusion, CAV1 regulates circulating LDL cholesterol and several FA species via the basolateral PM of enterocytes. These results point to intestinal epithelial cell CAV1 as a potential therapeutic target to lower circulating FFAs and LDL cholesterol, as high levels are associated with development of type II diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Summary: Caveolin 1, which forms caveolae, localizes to the basolateral membrane of zebrafish intestinal epithelial cells and regulates circulating murine fatty acid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P Otis
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Meng-Chieh Shen
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Vanessa Quinlivan
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.,Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Jennifer L Anderson
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
| | - Steven A Farber
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Embryology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA .,Johns Hopkins University, Department of Biology, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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15
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Chen YH, Lin WW, Liu CS, Hsu LS, Lin YM, Su SL. Caveolin-1 Expression Ameliorates Nephrotic Damage in a Rabbit Model of Cholesterol-Induced Hypercholesterolemia. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154210. [PMID: 27124120 PMCID: PMC4849769 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) participates in regulating vesicular transport, signal transduction, tumor progression, and cholesterol homeostasis. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that CAV-1 improves dyslipidemia, inhibits cyclophilin A (CypA)- mediated ROS production, prevents mitochondrial compensatory action and attenuates oxidative stress responses in cholesterol-induced hypercholesterolemia. To determine the role of CAV-1 in mediating oxidative and antioxidative as well as cholesterol homeostasis, hypercholesterolemic rabbits were intravenously administered antenapedia-CAV-1 (AP-CAV-1) peptide for 2 wk. AP-CAV-1 enhanced CAV-1 expression by ˃15%, inhibited CypA expression by ˃50% (P < 0.05) and significantly improved dyslipidemia, thus reducing neutral lipid peroxidation. Moreover, CAV-1 attenuated hypercholesterolemia-induced changes in mitochondrial morphology and biogenesis and preserved mitochondrial respiratory function. In addition, CAV-1 protected against hypercholesterol-induced oxidative stress responses by reducing the degree of oxidative damage and enhancing the expression of antioxidant enzymes. CAV-1 treatment significantly suppressed apoptotic cell death, as evidenced by the reduction in the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end-labeling-positive cells. We concluded that CAV-1 plays a critical role in inhibiting CypA-mediated ROS production, improving dyslipidemia, maintaining mitochondrial function, and suppressing oxidative stress responses that are vital for cell survival in hypercholesterol-affected renal organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Hui Chen
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-San Liu
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Integrative Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Sung Hsu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of Pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Li Su
- Vascular and Genomic Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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16
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Sohn J, Brick RM, Tuan RS. From embryonic development to human diseases: The functional role of caveolae/caveolin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 108:45-64. [PMID: 26991990 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Caveolae, an almost ubiquitous, structural component of the plasma membrane, play a critical role in many functions essential for proper cell function, including membrane trafficking, signal transduction, extracellular matrix remodeling, and tissue regeneration. Three main types of caveolin proteins have been identified from caveolae since the discovery of caveolin-1 in the early 1990s. All three (Cav-1, Cav-2, and Cav-3) play crucial roles in mammalian physiology, and can effect pathogenesis in a wide range of human diseases. While many biological activities of caveolins have been uncovered since its discovery, their role and regulation in embryonic develop remain largely poorly understood, although there is increasing evidence that caveolins may be linked to lung and brain birth defects. Further investigations are clearly needed to decipher how caveolae/caveolins mediate cellular functions and activities of normal embryogenesis and how their perturbations contribute to developmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihee Sohn
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rachel M Brick
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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17
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Sethna S, Chamakkala T, Gu X, Thompson TC, Cao G, Elliott MH, Finnemann SC. Regulation of Phagolysosomal Digestion by Caveolin-1 of the Retinal Pigment Epithelium Is Essential for Vision. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:6494-506. [PMID: 26814131 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.687004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 associates with the endo/lysosomal machinery of cells in culture, suggesting that it functions at these organelles independently of its contribution to cell surface caveolae. Here we explored mice lacking caveolin-1 specifically in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). The RPE supports neighboring photoreceptors via diurnal phagocytosis of spent photoreceptor outer segment fragments. Like mice lacking caveolin-1 globally, (RPE)CAV1(-/-) mice developed a normal RPE and neural retina but showed reduced rod photoreceptor light responses, indicating that lack of caveolin-1 affects photoreceptor function in a non-cell-autonomous manner. (RPE)CAV1(-/-) RPE in situ showed normal particle engulfment but delayed phagosome clearance and reversed diurnal profiles of levels and activities of lysosomal enzymes. Therefore, eliminating caveolin-1 specifically impairs phagolysosomal degradation by the RPE in vivo. Endogenous caveolin-1 was recruited to maturing phagolysosomes in RPE cells in culture. Consistent with these in vivo data, a moderate increase (to ∼ 2.5-fold) or decrease (by half) of caveolin-1 protein levels in RPE cells in culture was sufficient to accelerate or impair phagolysosomal digestion, respectively. A mutant form of caveolin-1 that fails to reach the cell surface augmented degradation like wild-type caveolin-1. Acidic lysosomal pH and increased protease activity are essential for digestion. We show that halving caveolin-1 protein levels significantly alkalinized lysosomal pH and decreased lysosomal enzyme activities. Taken together, our results reveal a novel role for intracellular caveolin-1 in modulating phagolysosomal function. Moreover, they show, for the first time, that organellar caveolin-1 significantly affects tissue functionality in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saumil Sethna
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Cancer Genetic Diseases and Gene Regulation, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458
| | - Tess Chamakkala
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Cancer Genetic Diseases and Gene Regulation, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458
| | - Xiaowu Gu
- the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, and
| | - Timothy C Thompson
- the Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Guangwen Cao
- the Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Michael H Elliott
- the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, and
| | - Silvia C Finnemann
- From the Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Cancer Genetic Diseases and Gene Regulation, Fordham University, Bronx, New York 10458,
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18
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Retinal Caveolin-1 Modulates Neuroprotective Signaling. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 854:411-8. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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19
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Jaafari-Ashkavandi Z, Ashraf MJ, Nazhvani AD, Azizi Z. Caveolin-1 overexpression in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:1863-9. [PMID: 26323261 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1, a tyrosine-phosphorylated protein, is supposed to have different regulatory roles as promoter or suppressor in many human cancers. However, no published study concerned its expression in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the expression of Cav-1 in the most common benign and malignant salivary gland tumors and evaluate its correlation with proliferation activity. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, immunohistochemical expression of caveolin-1 and Ki67 were evaluated in 49 samples, including 11 normal salivary glands, 15 cases of pleomorphic adenoma (PA), 13 adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdCC), and 10 mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC). The expression of Cav-1 was seen in 18 % of normal salivary glands and 85 % of tumors. The immunoreaction in the tumors was significantly higher than normal tissues (P = 0.001), but the difference between benign and malignant tumors was not significant (P = 0.07). Expression of Cav-1 was correlated with Ki67 labeling index in PAs, but not in malignant tumors. Cav-1 expression was not in association with tumor size and stage. Overexpression of Cav-1 was found in salivary gland tumors in comparison with normal tissues, but no significant difference was observed between benign and malignant tumors. Cav-1 was inversely correlated with proliferation in PA. Therefore, this marker may participate in tumorigenesis of salivary gland tumors and may be a potential biomarker for cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Jaafari-Ashkavandi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Javad Ashraf
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Dehghani Nazhvani
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Azizi
- Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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20
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Low JY, Nicholson HD. Epigenetic modifications of caveolae associated proteins in health and disease. BMC Genet 2015; 16:71. [PMID: 26112043 PMCID: PMC4482180 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-015-0231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolae are small, “omega-shaped” invaginations at the plasma membrane of the cell which are involved in a variety of processes including cholesterol transport, potocytosis and cell signalling. Within caveolae there are caveolae-associated proteins, and changes in expression of these molecules have been described to play a role in the pathophysiology of various diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease. Evidence is beginning to accumulate that epigenetic processes may regulate the expression of these caveolae related genes, and hence contribute to disease progression. Here, we summarize the current knowledge of the role of epigenetic modification in regulating the expression of these caveolae related genes and how this relates to changes in cellular physiology and in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Yih Low
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Helen D Nicholson
- Department of Anatomy, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, P.O. Box 913, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
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21
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Garg A, Kircher M, Del Campo M, Amato RS, Agarwal AK. Whole exome sequencing identifies de novo heterozygous CAV1 mutations associated with a novel neonatal onset lipodystrophy syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2015; 167A:1796-806. [PMID: 25898808 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite remarkable progress in identifying causal genes for many types of genetic lipodystrophies in the last decade, the molecular basis of many extremely rare lipodystrophy patients with distinctive phenotypes remains unclear. We conducted whole exome sequencing of the parents and probands from six pedigrees with neonatal onset of generalized loss of subcutaneous fat with additional distinctive phenotypic features and report de novo heterozygous null mutations, c.424C>T (p.Q142*) and c.479_480delTT (p.F160*), in CAV1 in a 7-year-old male and a 3-year-old female of European origin, respectively. Both the patients had generalized fat loss, thin mottled skin and progeroid features at birth. The male patient had cataracts requiring extraction at age 30 months and the female patient had pulmonary arterial hypertension. Dermal fibroblasts of the female patient revealed negligible CAV1 immunofluorescence staining compared to control but there were no differences in the number and morphology of caveolae upon electron microscopy examination. Based upon the similarities in the clinical features of these two patients, previous reports of CAV1 mutations in patients with lipodystrophies and pulmonary hypertension, and similar features seen in CAV1 null mice, we conclude that these variants are the most likely cause of one subtype of neonatal onset generalized lipodystrophy syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu Garg
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | - Martin Kircher
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Miguel Del Campo
- Division of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, CIBERER, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Stephen Amato
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Genetics and Metabolism, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Anil K Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine and the Center for Human Nutrition, Division of Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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22
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Wang L, Zhang C, Su X, Lin DH, Wang W. Caveolin-1 Deficiency Inhibits the Basolateral K+ Channels in the Distal Convoluted Tubule and Impairs Renal K+ and Mg2+ Transport. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:2678-90. [PMID: 25848073 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014070658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Kcnj10 encodes the inwardly rectifying K(+) channel Kir4.1 in the basolateral membrane of the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and is activated by c-Src. However, the regulation and function of this K(+) channel are incompletely characterized. Here, patch-clamp experiments in Kcnj10-transfected HEK293 cells demonstrated that c-Src-induced stimulation of Kcnj10 requires coexpression of caveolin-1 (cav-1), and immunostaining showed expression of cav-1 in the basolateral membrane of parvalbumin-positive DCT. Patch-clamp experiments detected a 40-pS inwardly rectifying K(+) channel, a heterotetramer of Kir4.1/Kir5.1, in the basolateral membrane of the early DCT (DCT1) in both wild-type (WT) and cav-1-knockout (KO) mice. However, the activity of this basolateral 40-pS K(+) channel was lower in KO mice than in WT mice. Moreover, the K(+) reversal potential (an indication of membrane potential) was less negative in the DCT1 of KO mice than in the DCT1 of WT mice. Western blot analysis demonstrated that cav-1 deficiency decreased the expression of the Na(+)/Cl(-) cotransporter and Ste20-proline-alanine-rich kinase (SPAK) but increased the expression of epithelial Na(+) channel-α. Furthermore, the urinary excretion of Mg(2+) and K(+) was significantly higher in KO mice than in WT mice, and KO mice developed hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and hypokalemia. We conclude that disruption of cav-1 decreases basolateral K(+) channel activity and depolarizes the cell membrane potential in the DCT1 at least in part by suppressing the stimulatory effect of c-Src on Kcnj10. Furthermore, the decrease in Kcnj10 and Na(+)/Cl(-) cotransporter expression induced by cav-1 deficiency may underlie the compromised renal transport of Mg(2+), Ca(2+), and K(+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Wang
- Department of Physiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; and
| | - Chengbiao Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; and Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Su
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; and
| | - Dao-Hong Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; and
| | - Wenhui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York; and
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Loss of Caveolin 1 is Associated With the Expression of Aquaporin 1 and Bladder Dysfunction in Mice. Int Neurourol J 2015; 19:34-8. [PMID: 25833479 PMCID: PMC4386489 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2015.19.1.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: It is suggested that caveolin and aquaporin might be closely associated with bladder signal activity. We investigated the effect of the deletion of caveolin 1, using caveolin 1 knockout mice, on the expression of aquaporin 1 in order to identify their relation in the urothelium of the urinary bladder. Methods: The cellular localization and expressions of aquaporin 1 and caveolin 1, in the wild type and caveolin 1 knockout mice urinary bladder, were examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence techniques. Results: Aquaporin 1 and caveolin 1 were coexpressed in the arterioles, venules, and capillaries of the suburothelial layer in the wild type controls. Aquaporin 1 protein expression was significantly higher in the caveolin 1 knockout mice than in the wild type controls (P <0.05). Conclusions: The results imply that aquaporin 1 and caveolin 1 may share a distinct relation with the bladder signal activity. This might play a specific role in bladder dysfunction.
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Sanon VP, Sawaki D, Mjaatvedt CH, Jourdan‐Le Saux C. Myocardial Tissue Caveolae. Compr Physiol 2015; 5:871-86. [DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c140050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Li XC, Gu V, Miguel-Qin E, Zhuo JL. Role of caveolin 1 in AT1a receptor-mediated uptake of angiotensin II in the proximal tubule of the kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2014; 307:F949-61. [PMID: 25164083 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00199.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolin 1 (CAV-1) functions not only as a constitutive scaffolding protein of caveolae but also as a vesicular transporter and signaling regulator. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that CAV-1 knockout (CAV-1 KO) inhibits ANG II type 1 [AT1 (AT1a)] receptor-mediated uptake of ANG II in the proximal tubule and attenuates blood pressure responses in ANG II-induced hypertension. To determine the role of CAV-1 in mediating the uptake of FITC-labeled ANG II, wild-type (WT) mouse proximal convoluted tubule cells were transfected with CAV-1 small interfering (si)RNA for 48 h before AT1 receptor-mediated uptake of FITC-labeled ANG II was studied. CAV-1 siRNA knocked down CAV-1 expression by >90% (P < 0.01) and inhibited FITC-labeled ANG II uptake by >50% (P < 0.01). Moreover, CAV-1 siRNA attenuated ANG II-induced activation of MAPK ERK1/2 and Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 3 expression, respectively (P < 0.01). To determine whether CAV-1 regulates ANG II uptake in the proximal tubule, Alexa 488-labeled ANG II was infused into anesthetized WT and CAV-1 KO mice for 60 min (20 ng/min iv). Imaging analysis revealed that Alexa 488-labeled ANG II uptake was decreased by >50% in CAV-1 KO mice (P < 0.01). Furthermore, Val(5)-ANG II was infused into WT and CAV-1 KO mice for 2 wk (1.5 mg·kg(-1)·day(-1) ip). Basal systolic pressure was higher, whereas blood pressure and renal excretory and signaling responses to ANG II were attenuated, in CAV-1 KO mice (P < 0.01). We concluded that CAV-1 plays an important role in AT1 receptor-mediated uptake of ANG II in the proximal tubule and modulates blood pressure and renal responses to ANG II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao C Li
- Laboratory of Receptor and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Cardiovascular Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Victor Gu
- Laboratory of Receptor and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Cardiovascular Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Elise Miguel-Qin
- Laboratory of Receptor and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Cardiovascular Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Jia L Zhuo
- Laboratory of Receptor and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, and Cardiovascular Renal Research Center, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
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Mundy DI, Lopez AM, Posey KS, Chuang JC, Ramirez CM, Scherer PE, Turley SD. Impact of the loss of caveolin-1 on lung mass and cholesterol metabolism in mice with and without the lysosomal cholesterol transporter, Niemann-Pick type C1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1841:995-1002. [PMID: 24747682 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a major structural protein in caveolae in the plasma membranes of many cell types, particularly endothelial cells and adipocytes. Loss of Cav-1 function has been implicated in multiple diseases affecting the cardiopulmonary and central nervous systems, as well as in specific aspects of sterol and lipid metabolism in the liver and intestine. Lungs contain an exceptionally high level of Cav-1. Parameters of cholesterol metabolism in the lung were measured, initially in Cav-1-deficient mice (Cav-1(-/-)), and subsequently in Cav-1(-/-) mice that also lacked the lysosomal cholesterol transporter Niemann-Pick C1 (Npc1) (Cav-1(-/-):Npc1(-/-)). In 50-day-old Cav-1(-/-) mice fed a low- or high-cholesterol chow diet, the total cholesterol concentration (mg/g) in the lungs was marginally lower than in the Cav-1(+/+) controls, but due to an expansion in their lung mass exceeding 30%, whole-lung cholesterol content (mg/organ) was moderately elevated. Lung mass (g) in the Cav-1(-/-):Npc1(-/-) mice (0.356±0.022) markedly exceeded that in their Cav-1(+/+):Npc1(+/+) controls (0.137±0.009), as well as in their Cav-1(-/-):Npc1(+/+) (0.191±0.013) and Cav-1(+/+):Npc1(-/-) (0.213±0.022) littermates. The corresponding lung total cholesterol contents (mg/organ) in mice of these genotypes were 6.74±0.17, 0.71±0.05, 0.96±0.05 and 3.12±0.43, respectively, with the extra cholesterol in the Cav-1(-/-):Npc1(-/-) and Cav-1(+/+):Npc1(-/-) mice being nearly all unesterified (UC). The exacerbation of the Npc1 lung phenotype and increase in the UC level in the Cav-1(-/-):Npc1(-/-) mice imply a regulatory role of Cav-1 in pulmonary cholesterol metabolism when lysosomal sterol transport is disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy I Mundy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Adam M Lopez
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Kenneth S Posey
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Jen-Chieh Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Charina M Ramirez
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.
| | - Stephen D Turley
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Overexpression of aquaporin-1 and caveolin-1 in the rat urinary bladder urothelium following bladder outlet obstruction. Int Neurourol J 2013; 17:174-9. [PMID: 24466464 PMCID: PMC3895509 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2013.17.4.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was designed to investigate the effect of detrusor overactivity induced by partial bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) on the expression of aquaporin 1 (AQP1) and caveolin 1 (CAV1) in the rat urinary bladder, and to determine the role of these molecules in detrusor overactivity. METHODS Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (n=30) and experimental (n=30) groups. The BOO group underwent partial BOO, and the control group underwent a sham operation. After 4 weeks, an urodynamic study was performed to measure the contraction interval and contraction pressure. The expression and cellular localization of AQP1 and CAV1 were determined by western blot and immunofluorescence experiments in the rat urinary bladder. RESULTS In cystometrograms, the contraction interval was significantly lower in the BOO group (2.9±1.5 minutes) than in the control group (6.7±1.0 minutes) (P<0.05). Conversely, the average contraction pressure was significantly higher in the BOO group (21.2±3.3 mmHg) than in the control group (13.0±2.5 mmHg) (P<0.05). AQP1 and CAV1 were coexpressed in the capillaries, arterioles, and venules of the suburothelial layer. AQP1 and CAV1 protein expression was significantly increased in the BOO rats compared to the control rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Detrusor overactivity induced by BOO causes a significant increase in the expression of AQP1 and CAV1, which were coexpressed in the suburothelial microvasculature. This finding suggests that AQP1 and CAV1 might be closely related to bladder signal activity and may have a functional role in BOO-associated detrusor overactivity.
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Nassar ZD, Hill MM, Parton RG, Parat MO. Caveola-forming proteins caveolin-1 and PTRF in prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2013; 10:529-36. [PMID: 23938946 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2013.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The expression of caveola-forming proteins is dysregulated in prostate cancer. Caveolae are flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane that have roles in membrane trafficking and cell signalling. Members of two families of proteins--caveolins and cavins--are known to be required for the formation and functions of caveolae. Caveolin-1, the major structural protein of caveolae, is overexpresssed in prostate cancer and has been demonstrated to be involved in prostate cancer angiogenesis, growth and metastasis. Polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) is the only cavin family member necessary for caveola formation. When exogenously expressed in prostate cancer cells, PTRF reduces aggressive potential, probably via both caveola-mediated and caveola-independent mechanisms. In addition, stromal PTRF expression decreases with progression of the disease. Evaluation of caveolin-1 antibodies in the clinical setting is underway and it is hoped that future studies will reveal the mechanisms of PTRF action, allowing its targeting for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyad D Nassar
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
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Feng H, Guo W, Han J, Li XA. Role of caveolin-1 and caveolae signaling in endotoxemia and sepsis. Life Sci 2013; 93:1-6. [PMID: 23727353 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2013.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2013] [Accepted: 05/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae, plasma membrane invaginations of 60-80nm in diameter, are a subset of lipid rafts enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids. Caveolae are expressed in various tissues and cell types, such as endothelial cells, macrophages, neutrophils and adipocytes. The functions of caveolae are diverse and include endocytosis, transcytosis, potocytosis, calcium signaling, and regulation of various signaling events. Although growing evidence has increased our understanding of caveolae function, the role of caveolae in sepsis is still a controversial issue. In this review, we present a number of studies addressing caveolae and sepsis and describe the signaling pathways involved, including the LPS-eNOS-TLR4-NFκB, MKK3/p38 MAPK, cPLA2/p38 MAPK, STAT3/NFκB and IL-1β-IL-1R1 pathways. Different studies using endotoxemia and bacteremia animal models have provided distinct conclusions about the function of caveolae, and we discuss these inconsistencies. Taken together, the current data suggest that the function of caveolae in sepsis, which involves a number of signaling pathways, is complex and warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Feng
- Department of Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Wen Guo
- Taian Central Hospital, Taian, Shandong 271000, China
| | - Junqing Han
- Department of Tumor Research and Therapy Center, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiang-An Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
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Sohet F, Daneman R. Genetic mouse models to study blood-brain barrier development and function. Fluids Barriers CNS 2013; 10:3. [PMID: 23305182 PMCID: PMC3675378 DOI: 10.1186/2045-8118-10-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a complex physiological structure formed by the blood vessels of the central nervous system (CNS) that tightly regulates the movement of substances between the blood and the neural tissue. Recently, the generation and analysis of different genetic mouse models has allowed for greater understanding of BBB development, how the barrier is regulated during health, and its response to disease. Here we discuss: 1) Genetic mouse models that have been used to study the BBB, 2) Available mouse genetic tools that can aid in the study of the BBB, and 3) Potential tools that if generated could greatly aid in our understanding of the BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Sohet
- UCSF Department of Anatomy, 513 Parnassus Ave HSW1301, San Francisco, 94117, California, USA.
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Li X, McClellan ME, Tanito M, Garteiser P, Towner R, Bissig D, Berkowitz BA, Fliesler SJ, Woodruff ML, Fain GL, Birch DG, Khan MS, Ash JD, Elliott MH. Loss of caveolin-1 impairs retinal function due to disturbance of subretinal microenvironment. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:16424-34. [PMID: 22451674 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.353763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1), an integral component of caveolar membrane domains, is expressed in several retinal cell types, including photoreceptors, retinal vascular endothelial cells, Müller glia, and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Recent evidence links Cav-1 to ocular diseases, including autoimmune uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, and primary open angle glaucoma, but its role in normal vision is largely undetermined. In this report, we show that ablation of Cav-1 results in reduced inner and outer retinal function as measured, in vivo, by electroretinography and manganese-enhanced MRI. Somewhat surprisingly, dark current and light sensitivity were normal in individual rods (recorded with suction electrode methods) from Cav-1 knock-out (KO) mice. Although photoreceptor function was largely normal, in vitro, the apparent K(+) affinity of the RPE-expressed α1-Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase was decreased in Cav-1 KO mice. Cav-1 KO retinas also displayed unusually tight adhesion with the RPE, which could be resolved by brief treatment with hyperosmotic medium, suggesting alterations in outer retinal fluid homeostasis. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that reduced retinal function resulting from Cav-1 ablation is not photoreceptor-intrinsic but rather involves impaired subretinal and/or RPE ion/fluid homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoman Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, USA
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Boopathi E, Gomes CM, Goldfarb R, John M, Srinivasan VG, Alanzi J, Malkowicz SB, Kathuria H, Zderic SA, Wein AJ, Chacko S. Transcriptional repression of Caveolin-1 (CAV1) gene expression by GATA-6 in bladder smooth muscle hypertrophy in mice and human beings. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 178:2236-51. [PMID: 21514437 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2010] [Revised: 12/28/2010] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophy occurs in urinary bladder wall smooth muscle (BSM) in men with partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and in animal models of PBOO. Hypertrophied BSM from the rabbit model exhibits down-regulation of caveolin-1, a structural and functional protein of caveolae that function as signaling platforms to mediate interaction between receptor proteins and adaptor and effector molecules to regulate signal generation, amplification, and diversification. Caveolin-1 expression is diminished in PBOO-induced BSM hypertrophy in mice and in men with BPH. The proximal promoter of the human and mouse caveolin-1 (CAV1) gene was characterized, and it was observed that the transcription factor GATA-6 binds this promoter, causing reduced expression of caveolin-1. Furthermore, caveolin-1 expression levels inversely correlate with the abundance of GATA-6 in BSM hypertrophy in mice and human beings. Silencing of GATA6 gene expression up-regulates caveolin-1 expression, whereas overexpression of GATA-6 protein sustains the transcriptional repression of caveolin-1 in bladder smooth muscle cells. Together, these data suggest that GATA-6 acts as a transcriptional repressor of CAV1 gene expression in PBOO-induced BSM hypertrophy in men and mice. GATA-6-induced transcriptional repression represents a new regulatory mechanism of CAV1 gene expression in pathologic BSM, and may serve as a target for new therapy for BPH-induced bladder dysfunction in aging men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettickan Boopathi
- Division of Urology, University of Pennsylvania, Glenolden, Pennsylvania, USA
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Li Z, Feng S, Lopez V, Elhammady G, Anderson ML, Kaftanovskaya EM, Agoulnik AI. Uterine cysts in female mice deficient for caveolin-1 and insulin-like 3 receptor RXFP2. Endocrinology 2011; 152:2474-82. [PMID: 21467199 PMCID: PMC3100621 DOI: 10.1210/en.2010-1015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Gene mutations of insulin-like 3 (INSL3) peptide or its G protein-coupled receptor RXFP2 (relaxin family peptide receptor 2) lead to cryptorchidism. The role of INSL3 in adult females is less known, although INSL3 expression has been described in female reproductive organs. Caveolin-1 (CAV1), the main component of caveoli cell membrane invaginations, has been shown to play an important role in epithelial organization and stromal-epithelial interactions. We created a null allele of Cav1 mice by deleting its second exon through embryonic stem cell targeting. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that CAV1 expression was primarily localized to endothelial blood vessel cells and the myometrium uterus, whereas the strongest expression of Rxfp2 was detected in the endometrial epithelium. By 12 months of age approximately 18% of Cav1-/- females developed single or multiple dilated endometrial cysts lined by a flattened, simple low epithelium. A deficiency for Rxfp2 on Cav1-deficient background led to more than a 2-fold increase in the incidence of uterine cysts (54-58%). Appearance of cysts led to a severe disorganization of uterine morphology. We have found that the cysts had an increased expression of β-catenin and estrogen receptor β in endometrial stromal and epithelial cells and increased epithelial proliferation. An analysis of simple dilated cysts in human patients for CAV1 expression did not show appreciable differences with control regardless of menstrual phase, suggesting an involvement of additional factors in human disease. The results of this study suggest a novel synergistic role of INSL3/RXFP2 and CAV1 in structural maintenance of the uterus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Li
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
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Sadegh MK, Ekman M, Rippe C, Sundler F, Wierup N, Mori M, Uvelius B, Swärd K. Biomechanical properties and innervation of the female caveolin-1-deficient detrusor. Br J Pharmacol 2011; 162:1156-70. [PMID: 21091642 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01115.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Caveolin-1-deficiency is associated with substantial urogenital alterations. Here, a mechanical, histological and biochemical characterization of female detrusors from wild-type and caveolin-1-deficient (KO) mice was made to increase the understanding of detrusor changes caused by lack of caveolae. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Length-tension relationships were generated, and we recorded responses to electrical field stimulation, the muscarinic receptor agonist carbachol and the purinoceptor agonist ATP. Tyrosine nitration and the contents of caveolin-1, cavin-1, muscarinic M₃ receptors, phospholipase C(β1), muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) and L-type Ca(2+) channels were determined by immunoblotting. Innervation was assessed by immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS Bladder to body weight ratio was not changed, nor was there any change in the optimum circumference for force development. Depolarization- and ATP-induced stress was reduced, as was carbachol-induced stress between 0.1 and 3 µM, but the supramaximal relative (% K(+)) response to carbachol was increased, as was M₃ expression. The scopolamine-sensitive component of the electrical field stimulation response was impaired, and yet bladder nerves contained little caveolin-1. The density of cholinergic nerves was unchanged, whereas CART- and CGRP-positive nerves were reduced. Immunoblotting revealed loss of MuSK. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Ablation of caveolae in the female detrusor leads to generalized impairment of contractility, ruling out prostate hypertrophy as a contributing factor. Cholinergic neuroeffector transmission is impaired without conspicuous changes in the density of cholinergic nerves or morphology of their terminals, but correlating with reduced expression of MuSK.
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Attanasio M. The genetic components of idiopathic nephrolithiasis. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26:337-46. [PMID: 20563734 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-010-1562-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nephrolithiasis is a cause of significant morbidity and medical care expenses worldwide. Its prevalence has increased steadily during the last three decades among both adults and children. This trend suggests that changing environmental factors play a significant role in the risk of developing kidney stones although, conversely, there are many indications that genes play an important role in this condition as well. A limited number of monogenic forms have been identified, but the majority of nephrolithiasis cases are the result of complex, multi-factorial interactions between genetic inheritance and environmental exposure. Scientific evidence indicates that inheritance accounts for about half of the risk of common forms, making these forms suitable for investigation by genetic analysis. Here, we review the numerous studies that have been conducted to establish the role of genes in determining the risk of nephrolithiasis, the differential contribution of genes to this risk, and the confounding influence that environmental variables have on genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Attanasio
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, G5.100, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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Cha SK, Huang C, Ding Y, Qi X, Huang CL, Miller RT. Calcium-sensing receptor decreases cell surface expression of the inwardly rectifying K+ channel Kir4.1. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:1828-35. [PMID: 21084311 PMCID: PMC3023478 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.160390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 11/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Ca(2+)-sensing receptor (CaR) regulates salt and water transport in the kidney as demonstrated by the association of gain of function CaR mutations with a Bartter syndrome-like, salt-wasting phenotype, but the precise mechanism for this effect is not fully established. We found previously that the CaR interacts with and inactivates an inwardly rectifying K(+) channel, Kir4.1, which is expressed in the distal nephron that contributes to the basolateral K(+) conductance, and in which loss of function mutations are associated with a complex phenotype that includes renal salt wasting. We now find that CaR inactivates Kir4.1 by reducing its cell surface expression. Mutant CaRs reduced Kir4.1 cell surface expression and current density in HEK-293 cells in proportion to their signaling activity. Mutant, activated Gα(q) reduced cell surface expression and current density of Kir4.1, and these effects were blocked by RGS4, a protein that blocks signaling via Gα(i) and Gα(q). Other α subunits had insignificant effects. Knockdown of caveolin-1 blocked the effect of Gα(q) on Kir4.1, whereas knockdown of the clathrin heavy chain had no effect. CaR had no comparable effect on the renal outer medullary K(+) channel, an apical membrane distal nephron K(+) channel that is internalized by clathrin-coated vesicles. Co-immunoprecipitation studies showed that the CaR and Kir4.1 physically associate with caveolin-1 in HEK cells and in kidney extracts. Thus, the CaR decreases cell surface expression of Kir4.1 channels via a mechanism that involves Gα(q) and caveolin. These results provide a novel molecular basis for the inhibition of renal NaCl transport by the CaR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Kuy Cha
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - Chunfa Huang
- the Departments of Medicine and
- the Louis Stokes Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, and
| | | | | | - Chou-Long Huang
- From the Department of Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390
| | - R. Tyler Miller
- the Departments of Medicine and
- Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106
- the Louis Stokes Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, and
- the Rammelkamp Center for Research and Education, MetroHealth System Campus, Cleveland, Ohio 44109
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Common fragile site tumor suppressor genes and corresponding mouse models of cancer. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2011:984505. [PMID: 21318118 PMCID: PMC3035048 DOI: 10.1155/2011/984505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal common fragile sites (CFSs) are specific mammalian genomic regions that show an increased frequency of gaps and breaks when cells are exposed to replication stress in vitro. CFSs are also consistently involved in chromosomal abnormalities in vivo related to cancer. Interestingly, several CFSs contain one or more tumor suppressor genes whose structure and function are often affected by chromosomal fragility. The two most active fragile sites in the human genome are FRA3B and FRA16D where the tumor suppressor genes FHIT and WWOX are located, respectively. The best approach to study tumorigenic effects of altered tumor suppressors located at CFSs in vivo is to generate mouse models in which these genes are inactivated. This paper summarizes our present knowledge on mouse models of cancer generated by knocking out tumor suppressors of CFS.
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Zhuang Z, Marshansky V, Breton S, Brown D. Is caveolin involved in normal proximal tubule function? Presence in model PT systems but absence in situ. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2010; 300:F199-206. [PMID: 20980408 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00513.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Kidney proximal tubule (PT) cells are specialized for the uptake and transport of ions, solutes, peptides, and proteins. These functions are often regulated by hormones that signal at the cell surface and are internalized by clathrin-mediated endocytosis. However, the caveolin/caveolae pathway has also been implicated in normal PT function, often based on data from isolated PTs or PT cells in culture. Although we reported previously that caveolae and caveolin 1 are not detectable in PTs in vivo, reports of caveolin expression and function in PT cells appear periodically in the literature. Therefore, we reexamined caveolin expression in PTs in vivo, in isolated "purified" PTs following collagenase digestion, and in cultured PT cells. Caveolin 1 and 2 protein, mRNA, or immunofluorescence was undetectable in PTs in vivo, but PT cell cultures expressed caveolin 1 and/or 2. Furthermore, caveolin 1 and 2 mRNAs were detected in isolated PTs along with the endothelial markers CD31 and ICAM1. In contrast, no caveolin or endothelial marker mRNAs were detectable in samples isolated from snap-frozen kidneys by laser cut microdissection, which eliminates contamination by other cell types. We conclude 1) caveolin 1 and 2 are not normally expressed by PT cells in situ, 2) caveolin expression is "activated" in cultured PT cells, 3) contamination with non-PT, caveolin-expressing cells is a potential source of caveolin 1 and 2 that must be taken into account when isolated PTs are used in studies to correlate expression of these proteins with PT function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Zhuang
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Center for Systems Biology, Simches Research Bldg., Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St., CPZN 8150, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Mattsson CL, Csikasz RI, Shabalina IG, Nedergaard J, Cannon B. Caveolin-1-ablated mice survive in cold by nonshivering thermogenesis despite desensitized adrenergic responsiveness. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2010; 299:E374-83. [PMID: 20530737 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00071.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav1)-ablated mice display impaired lipolysis in white adipose tissue. They also seem to have an impairment in brown adipose tissue function, implying that Cav1-ablated mice could encounter problems in surviving longer periods in cold temperatures. To investigate this, Cav1-ablated mice and wild-type mice were transferred to cold temperatures for extended periods of time, and parameters related to metabolism and thermogenesis were investigated. Unexpectedly, the Cav1-ablated mice survived in the cold. There were no differences between Cav1-ablated and wild-type mice with regard to food intake, in behavior related to shivering, or in body temperature. The Cav1-ablated mice had a halved total fat content independently of acclimation temperature. There was no difference in brown adipose tissue uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) protein amount, and isolated brown fat mitochondria were thermogenically competent but displayed 30% higher thermogenic capacity. However, the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor amount was reduced by about one-third in the Cav1-ablated mice at all acclimation temperatures. Principally in accordance with this, a higher than standard dose of norepinephrine was needed to obtain full norepinephrine-induced thermogenesis in the Cav1-ablated mice; the higher dose was also needed for the Cav1-ablated mice to be able to utilize fat as a substrate for thermogenesis. In conclusion, the ablation of Cav1 impairs brown adipose tissue function by a desensitization of the adrenergic response; however, the desensitization is not evident in the animal as it is overcome physiologically, and Cav1-ablated mice can therefore survive in prolonged cold by nonshivering thermogenesis.
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MMTV promoter-regulated caveolin-1 overexpression yields defective parenchymal epithelia in multiple exocrine organs of transgenic mice. Exp Mol Pathol 2010; 89:9-19. [PMID: 20399205 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2010.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 03/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Caveolin-1 (Cav-1) is a major structural protein of caveolae, specialized plasma membrane invaginations that are involved in a cell-specific fashion in diverse cell activities such as molecular transport, cell adhesion, and signal transduction. In normal adult mammals, Cav-1 expression is abundant in mesenchyme-derived cells but relatively low in epithelial parenchyma. However, epithelial Cav-1 overexpression is associated with development and/or progression of many carcinomas. In this study, we generated and characterized a transgenic mouse model of Cav-1 overexpression under the control of a mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) long terminal-repeat promoter, which is predominantly expressed in specific epithelial cells. The MMTVcav-1(+) transgenic mice were fertile, and females bore litters of normal size with no obvious developmental abnormalities. However, by age 11months, the MMTVcav-1(+) mice demonstrated overtly different phenotypes in multiple exocrine organs when compared with their nontransgenic MMTVcav-1(-) littermates. Cav-1 overexpression in MMTVcav-1(+) mice produced organ-specific abnormalities, including hypotrophy of mammary glandular epithelia, bronchiolar epithelial hyperplasia and atypia, mucous-cell hyperplasia in salivary glands, elongated hair follicles and dermal thickening in the skin, and reduced accumulation of enzymogen granules in pancreatic acinar cells. In addition, the MMTVcav-1(+) transgenic mice tended to have a greater incidence of malignant tumors, including lung and liver carcinomas and lymphoma, than their MMTVcav-1(-) littermates. Our results indicate that Cav-1 overexpression causes organ-specific, age-related epithelial disorders and suggest the potential for increased susceptibility to carcinogenesis.
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Mattsson CL, Andersson ER, Nedergaard J. Differential involvement of caveolin-1 in brown adipocyte signaling: impaired beta3-adrenergic, but unaffected LPA, PDGF and EGF receptor signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2010; 1803:983-9. [PMID: 20381543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2010.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae and caveolin have been implicated as being involved in the signal transduction of many receptors, including the EGF, PDGF, LPA and beta3-adrenergic receptors. To investigate the role of caveolin-1 (Cav1) in these signaling pathways in brown adipose tissue, primary brown adipocyte cultures from Cav1-ablated mice and wild-type mice were investigated. In pre-adipocytes, Cav1-ablation affected neither the G-protein coupled LPA receptor signaling to Erk1/2, nor the receptor tyrosine kinases PDGF- or EGF-receptor signaling to Erk1/2. Mature primary Cav1-/- brown adipocytes accumulated lipids and expressed aP2 to the same extent as did wild-type cells. However, the cAMP levels induced by the beta3-adrenergic receptor agonist CL316,243 were lower in the Cav1-/- cultures, with an unchanged EC50 for CL316,243. Also the response to the direct adenylyl cyclase agonist forskolin was reduced. Thus, in brown adipocytes, Cav1 is apparently required for an intact response to adenylyl cyclase-linked agonists/activators, whereas other signaling pathways examined function without Cav1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L Mattsson
- Department of Physiology, The Wenner-Gren Institute, The Arrhenius laboratories F3, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Watanabe M, Yang G, Cao G, Tahir SA, Naruishi K, Tabata KI, Fattah EA, Rajagopalan K, Timme TL, Park S, Kurosaka S, Edamura K, Tanimoto R, Demayo FJ, Goltsov AA, Thompson TC. Functional analysis of secreted caveolin-1 in mouse models of prostate cancer progression. Mol Cancer Res 2009; 7:1446-55. [PMID: 19737975 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-09-0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we reported that caveolin-1 (cav-1) is overexpressed in metastatic prostate cancer and that virulent prostate cancer cells secrete biologically active cav-1. We also showed that cav-1 expression leads to prosurvival activities through maintenance of activated Akt and that cav-1 is taken up by other cav-1-negative tumor cells and/or endothelial cells, leading to stimulation of angiogenic activities through PI-3-K-Akt-eNOS signaling. To analyze the functional consequences of cav-1 overexpression on the development and progression of prostate cancer in vivo, we generated PBcav-1 transgenic mice. Adult male PBcav-1 mice showed significantly increased prostatic wet weight and higher incidence of epithelial hyperplasia compared with nontransgenic littermates. Increased immunostaining for cav-1, proliferative cell nuclear antigen, P-Akt, and reduced nuclear p27(Kip1) staining occurred in PBcav-1 hyperplastic prostatic lesions. PBcav-1 mice showed increased resistance to castration-induced prostatic regression and elevated serum cav-1 levels compared with nontransgenic littermates. Intraprostatic injection of androgen-sensitive, cav-1-secreting RM-9 mouse prostate cancer cells resulted in tumors that were larger in PBcav-1 mice than in nontransgenic littermates (P = 0.04). Tail vein inoculation of RM-9 cells produced significantly more experimental lung metastases in PBcav-1 males than in nontransgenic male littermates (P = 0.001), and in cav-1(+/+) mice than in cav-1(-/-) mice (P = 0.041). Combination treatment with surgical castration and systemic cav-1 antibody dramatically reduced the number of experimental metastases. These experimental data suggest a causal association of secreted cav-1 and prostate cancer growth and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masami Watanabe
- Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine, Texas, USA
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Chapter 4 The Biology of Caveolae. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2009; 273:117-62. [DOI: 10.1016/s1937-6448(08)01804-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Vezzoli G, Arcidiacono T, Paloschi V, Terranegra A, Biasion R, Soldati L. Update on the genetics of nephrolithiasis. CLINICAL CASES IN MINERAL AND BONE METABOLISM : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ITALIAN SOCIETY OF OSTEOPOROSIS, MINERAL METABOLISM, AND SKELETAL DISEASES 2008; 5:110-113. [PMID: 22460991 PMCID: PMC2781208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Genetic studies of calcium kidney stones evidenced the possible involvement of calcium-sensing receptor gene, vitamin D receptor gene and bicarbonate-sensitive adenylate cyclase gene, but it is uncertain which specific polymorphisms could be responsible. Thus, further studies are required to better assess the involvement of these or other genes and the interactions between different genes and between genes and environment. In addition to research in humans, the study of different strains of knock-out mice let us include the gene of phosphate reabsorption carrier NPT2, caveolin-1, protein NHERF-1, osteopontin and Tamm-Horsfall protein among the possible determinants. Further steps in the knowledge of calcium stone causes may be done using the instruments that the modern biotechnology and bioinformatics have made available to the researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Vezzoli
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Teresa Arcidiacono
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Vera Paloschi
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Annalisa Terranegra
- Department of Sciences and Biomedical Technologies, Nephrology Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rita Biasion
- Department of Sciences and Biomedical Technologies, Nephrology Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Soldati
- Department of Sciences and Biomedical Technologies, Nephrology Section, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Mice with cav-1 gene disruption have benign stromal lesions and compromised epithelial differentiation. Exp Mol Pathol 2008; 84:131-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2007.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2007] [Accepted: 08/03/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Patel HH, Murray F, Insel PA. Caveolae as organizers of pharmacologically relevant signal transduction molecules. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2008; 48:359-91. [PMID: 17914930 PMCID: PMC3083858 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.48.121506.124841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 355] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Caveolae, a subset of membrane (lipid) rafts, are flask-like invaginations of the plasma membrane that contain caveolin proteins, which serve as organizing centers for cellular signal transduction. Caveolins (-1, -2, and -3) have cytoplasmic N and C termini, palmitolylation sites, and a scaffolding domain that facilitates interaction and organization of signaling molecules so as to help provide coordinated and efficient signal transduction. Such signaling components include upstream entities (e.g., G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), receptor tyrosine kinases, and steroid hormone receptors) and downstream components (e.g., heterotrimeric and low-molecular-weight G proteins, effector enzymes, and ion channels). Diseases associated with aberrant signaling may result in altered localization or expression of signaling proteins in caveolae. Caveolin-knockout mice have numerous abnormalities, some of which may reflect the impact of total body knockout throughout the life span. This review provides a general overview of caveolins and caveolae, signaling molecules that localize to caveolae, the role of caveolae/caveolin in cardiac and pulmonary pathophysiology, pharmacologic implications of caveolar localization of signaling molecules, and the possibility that caveolae might serve as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemal H Patel
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Tahir SA, Yang G, Goltsov AA, Watanabe M, Tabata KI, Addai J, Fattah EMA, Kadmon D, Thompson TC. Tumor Cell–Secreted Caveolin-1 Has Proangiogenic Activities in Prostate Cancer. Cancer Res 2008; 68:731-9. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-2668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
With a lifetime incidence of up to 12% in man and 6% in woman, nephrolithiasis is a major health problem worldwide. Approximately, 80% of kidney stones are composed of calcium and hypercalciuria is found in up to 40% of stone-formers. Although the mechanisms resulting in precipitation and growth of calcium crystals in the urinary tract are multiple and not fully understood, hypercalciuria per se is recognized as an important and reversible risk factor in stone formation. In this brief review, we summarize the studies assessing the heritability of hypercalciuria and pinpoint recently identified human genetic disorders as well as relevant animal models that provided new insights into the segment-specific tubular handling of calcium and the pathophysiology of renal hypercalciuria and kidney stones. We also discuss novel strategies that may help to unravel the genetic bases of such complex conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Devuyst
- Division of Nephrology, Université catholique de Louvain Medical School, Brussels, Belgium.
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Predescu SA, Predescu DN, Malik AB. Molecular determinants of endothelial transcytosis and their role in endothelial permeability. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2007; 293:L823-42. [PMID: 17644753 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00436.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Caveolae transcytosis with its diverse mechanisms-fluid phase, adsorptive, and receptor-mediated-plays an important role in the continuous exchange of molecules across the endothelium. We will discuss key features of endothelial transcytosis and caveolae that have been studied recently and have increased our understanding of caveolae function in transcytosis at the molecular level. During transcytosis, caveolae "pinch off" from the plasma membrane to form discrete vesicular carriers that shuttle to the opposite front of endothelial cells, fuse with the plasma membrane, and discharge their cargo into the perivascular space. Endothelial transcytosis exhibits distinct properties, the most important being rapid and efficient coupling of endocytosis to exocytosis on opposite plasma membrane. We address herein the membrane fusion-fission reactions that underlie transcytosis. Caveolae move across the endothelial cells with their cargo predominantly in the fluid phase through an active process that bypasses the lysosomes. Endothelial transcytosis is a constitutive process of vesicular transport. Recent studies show that transcytosis can be upregulated in response to pathological stimuli. Transcytosis via caveolae is an important route for the regulation of endothelial barrier function and may participate in different vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanda A Predescu
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, University of Illinois, College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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