1
|
Benavente ED, Hartman RJG, Sakkers TR, Wesseling M, Sloots Y, Slenders L, Boltjes A, Mol BM, de Borst GJ, de Kleijn DPV, Prange KHM, de Winther MPJ, Kuiper J, Civelek M, van der Laan SW, Horvath S, Onland-Moret C, Mokry M, Pasterkamp G, den Ruijter HM. Atherosclerotic Plaque Epigenetic Age Acceleration Predicts a Poor Prognosis and Is Associated With Endothelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Humans. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024. [PMID: 38634280 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.320692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic age estimators (clocks) are predictive of human mortality risk. However, it is not yet known whether the epigenetic age of atherosclerotic plaques is predictive for the risk of cardiovascular events. METHODS Whole-genome DNA methylation of human carotid atherosclerotic plaques (n=485) and of blood (n=93) from the Athero-Express endarterectomy cohort was used to calculate epigenetic age acceleration (EAA). EAA was linked to clinical characteristics, plaque histology, and future cardiovascular events (n=136). We studied whole-genome DNA methylation and bulk and single-cell transcriptomics to uncover molecular mechanisms of plaque EAA. We experimentally confirmed our in silico findings using in vitro experiments in primary human coronary endothelial cells. RESULTS Male and female patients with severe atherosclerosis had a median chronological age of 69 years. The median epigenetic age was 65 years in females (median EAA, -2.2 [interquartile range, -4.3 to 2.2] years) and 68 years in males (median EAA, -0.3 [interquartile range, -2.9 to 3.8] years). Patients with diabetes and a high body mass index had higher plaque EAA. Increased EAA of plaque predicted future events in a 3-year follow-up in a Cox regression model (univariate hazard ratio, 1.7; P=0.0034) and adjusted multivariate model (hazard ratio, 1.56; P=0.02). Plaque EAA predicted outcome independent of blood EAA (hazard ratio, 1.3; P=0.018) and of plaque hemorrhage (hazard ratio, 1.7; P=0.02). Single-cell RNA sequencing in plaque samples from 46 patients in the same cohort revealed smooth muscle and endothelial cells as important cell types in plaque EAA. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition was associated with EAA, which was experimentally confirmed by TGFβ-triggered endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition inducing rapid epigenetic aging in coronary endothelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Plaque EAA is a strong and independent marker of poor outcome in patients with severe atherosclerosis. Plaque EAA was linked to mesenchymal endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition was associated with EAA, which was experimentally validated. Epigenetic aging mechanisms may provide new targets for treatments that reduce atherosclerosis complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Diez Benavente
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Robin J G Hartman
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Tim R Sakkers
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Marian Wesseling
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Yannicke Sloots
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| | - Lotte Slenders
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Arjan Boltjes
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Barend M Mol
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (B.M.M., G.J.d.B., D.P.V.d.K.)
| | - Gert J de Borst
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (B.M.M., G.J.d.B., D.P.V.d.K.)
| | - Dominique P V de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (B.M.M., G.J.d.B., D.P.V.d.K.)
| | - Koen H M Prange
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands (K.H.M.P., M.P.J.d.W., J.K.)
| | - Menno P J de Winther
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands (K.H.M.P., M.P.J.d.W., J.K.)
| | - Johan Kuiper
- Division of Biotherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, the Netherlands (K.H.M.P., M.P.J.d.W., J.K.)
| | - Mete Civelek
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (M.C.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville. (M.C.)
| | - Sander W van der Laan
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. (S.H.)
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles. (S.H.)
- Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science, United Kingdom (S.H.)
| | - Charlotte Onland-Moret
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (C.O.-M.)
| | - Michal Mokry
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (M.W., L.S., A.B., S.W.v.d.L., M.M., G.P.)
| | - Hester M den Ruijter
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands. (E.D.B., R.J.G.H., T.R.S., Y.S., M.M., H.M.d.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Raju S, Botts SR, Blaser MC, Abdul-Samad M, Prajapati K, Khosraviani N, Ho TWW, Breda LC, Ching C, Galant NJ, Fiddes L, Wu R, Clift CL, Pham T, Lee WL, Singh SA, Aikawa E, Fish JE, Howe KL. Directional Endothelial Communication by Polarized Extracellular Vesicle Release. Circ Res 2024; 134:269-289. [PMID: 38174557 PMCID: PMC10826926 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.322993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) contain bioactive cargo including miRNAs and proteins that are released by cells during cell-cell communication. Endothelial cells (ECs) form the innermost lining of all blood vessels, interfacing with cells in the circulation and vascular wall. It is unknown whether ECs release EVs capable of governing recipient cells within these 2 separate compartments. Given their boundary location, we propose ECs use bidirectional release of distinct EV cargo in quiescent (healthy) and activated (atheroprone) states to communicate with cells within the circulation and blood vessel wall. METHODS EVs were isolated from primary human aortic ECs (plate and transwell grown; ±IL [interleukin]-1β activation), quantified, visualized, and analyzed by miRNA transcriptomics and proteomics. Apical and basolateral EC-EV release was determined by miRNA transfer, total internal reflection fluorescence and electron microscopy. Vascular reprogramming (RNA sequencing) and functional assays were performed on primary human monocytes or smooth muscle cells±EC-EVs. RESULTS Activated ECs increased EV release, with miRNA and protein cargo related to atherosclerosis. EV-treated monocytes and smooth muscle cells revealed activated EC-EV altered pathways that were proinflammatory and atherogenic. ECs released more EVs apically, which increased with activation. Apical and basolateral EV cargo contained distinct transcriptomes and proteomes that were altered by EC activation. Notably, activated basolateral EC-EVs displayed greater changes in the EV secretome, with pathways specific to atherosclerosis. In silico analysis determined compartment-specific cargo released by the apical and basolateral surfaces of ECs can reprogram monocytes and smooth muscle cells, respectively, with functional assays and in vivo imaging supporting this concept. CONCLUSIONS Demonstrating that ECs are capable of polarized EV cargo loading and directional EV secretion reveals a novel paradigm for endothelial communication, which may ultimately enhance the design of endothelial-based therapeutics for cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis where ECs are persistently activated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Raju
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science (S.R., S.R.B., C.C., J.E.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine (S.R., S.R.B., L.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., K.L.H.)
| | - Steven R. Botts
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science (S.R., S.R.B., C.C., J.E.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine (S.R., S.R.B., L.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mark C. Blaser
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.C.B., C.L.C., T.P., S.A.S., E.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Majed Abdul-Samad
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (M.A.-S., N.K., R.W., J.E.F.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kamalben Prajapati
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
| | - Negar Khosraviani
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (M.A.-S., N.K., R.W., J.E.F.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tse Wing Winnie Ho
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada (T.W.W.H., W.L.L.)
| | - Leandro C.D. Breda
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
| | - Crizza Ching
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science (S.R., S.R.B., C.C., J.E.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Lindsey Fiddes
- Faculty of Medicine (S.R., S.R.B., L.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ruilin Wu
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (M.A.-S., N.K., R.W., J.E.F.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cassandra L. Clift
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.C.B., C.L.C., T.P., S.A.S., E.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tan Pham
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.C.B., C.L.C., T.P., S.A.S., E.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Warren L. Lee
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada (T.W.W.H., W.L.L.)
| | - Sasha A. Singh
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.C.B., C.L.C., T.P., S.A.S., E.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (S.A.S., E.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (M.C.B., C.L.C., T.P., S.A.S., E.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (S.A.S., E.A.), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jason E. Fish
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science (S.R., S.R.B., C.C., J.E.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (M.A.-S., N.K., R.W., J.E.F.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada (J.E.F., K.L.H.)
| | - Kathryn L. Howe
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., S.R.B., M.A.-S., K.P., N.K., L.C.D.B., C.C., R.W., J.E.F., K.L.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science (S.R., S.R.B., C.C., J.E.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine (S.R., S.R.B., L.F., K.L.H.), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada (S.R., K.L.H.)
- Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada (J.E.F., K.L.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
O’Brien BJ, Martin KA, Offermanns S. "Cre"ating New Tools for Smooth Muscle Analysis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:212-214. [PMID: 36601960 PMCID: PMC10112502 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.122.318855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brendan J. O’Brien
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) and Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Kathleen A. Martin
- Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Medicine) and Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim and Center for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon A Francis
- Department of Medicine, Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, Providence Research, St. Paul's Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (G.A.F.)
| | - Babak Razani
- Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine (B.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.,Department of Pathology and Immunology (B.R.), Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO.,John Cochran VA Medical Center, St. Louis, MO (B.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng P, Wirka RC, Clarke LS, Zhao Q, Kundu R, Nguyen T, Nair S, Sharma D, Kim HJ, Shi H, Assimes T, Kim JB, Kundaje A, Quertermous T. ZEB2 Shapes the Epigenetic Landscape of Atherosclerosis. Circulation 2022; 145:469-485. [PMID: 34990206 PMCID: PMC8896308 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.121.057789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) transition into a number of different phenotypes during atherosclerosis, including those that resemble fibroblasts and chondrocytes, and make up the majority of cells in the atherosclerotic plaque. To better understand the epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms that mediate these cell state changes, and how they relate to risk for coronary artery disease (CAD), we have investigated the causality and function of transcription factors at genome-wide associated loci. METHODS We used CRISPR-Cas 9 genome and epigenome editing to identify the causal gene and cells for a complex CAD genome-wide association study signal at 2q22.3. Single-cell epigenetic and transcriptomic profiling in murine models and human coronary artery smooth muscle cells were used to understand the cellular and molecular mechanism by which this CAD risk gene exerts its function. RESULTS CRISPR-Cas 9 genome and epigenome editing showed that the complex CAD genetic signals within a genomic region at 2q22.3 lie within smooth muscle long-distance enhancers for ZEB2, a transcription factor extensively studied in the context of epithelial mesenchymal transition in development of cancer. Zeb2 regulates SMC phenotypic transition through chromatin remodeling that obviates accessibility and disrupts both Notch and transforming growth factor β signaling, thus altering the epigenetic trajectory of SMC transitions. SMC-specific loss of Zeb2 resulted in an inability of transitioning SMCs to turn off contractile programing and take on a fibroblast-like phenotype, but accelerated the formation of chondromyocytes, mirroring features of high-risk atherosclerotic plaques in human coronary arteries. CONCLUSIONS These studies identify ZEB2 as a new CAD genome-wide association study gene that affects features of plaque vulnerability through direct effects on the epigenome, providing a new therapeutic approach to target vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Cheng
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Robert C. Wirka
- Division of Cardiology, Departments of Medicine and Cell Biology and Physiology, McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Lee Shoa Clarke
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Quanyi Zhao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Ramendra Kundu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Trieu Nguyen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Surag Nair
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Disha Sharma
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Hyun-jung Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Huitong Shi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Themistocles Assimes
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Juyong Brian Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| | - Anshul Kundaje
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Thomas Quertermous
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, CA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation contributes to neointima formation following vascular injury. Circular RNA-a novel type of noncoding RNA with closed-loop structure-exhibits cell- and tissue-specific expression patterns. However, the role of circular RNA in SMC proliferation and neointima formation is largely unknown. The objective of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of circSOD2 in SMC proliferation and neointima formation. Approach and Results: Circular RNA profiling of human aortic SMCs revealed that PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)-BB up- and downregulated numerous circular RNAs. Among them, circSOD2, derived from back-splicing event of SOD2 (superoxide dismutase 2), was significantly enriched. Knockdown of circSOD2 by short hairpin RNA blocked PDGF-BB-induced SMC proliferation. Inversely, circSOD2 ectopic expression promoted SMC proliferation. Mechanistically, circSOD2 acted as a sponge for miR-206, leading to upregulation of NOTCH3 (notch receptor 3) and NOTCH3 signaling, which regulates cyclin D1 and CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) 4/6. In vivo studies showed that circSOD2 was induced in neointima SMCs in balloon-injured rat carotid arteries. Importantly, knockdown of circSOD2 attenuated injury-induced neointima formation along with decreased neointimal SMC proliferation. CONCLUSIONS CircSOD2 is a novel regulator mediating SMC proliferation and neointima formation following vascular injury. Therefore, circSOD2 could be a potential therapeutic target for inhibiting the development of proliferative vascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Mei
- Departments of Surgery (X.M., X.-B.C., S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (X.M., S.-Y.C.), University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Xiao-Bing Cui
- Departments of Surgery (X.M., X.-B.C., S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia
| | - Yiran Li
- Institute of Bioinformatics (Y.L.), University of Georgia, Athens
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Departments of Surgery (X.M., X.-B.C., S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia.,Medical Pharmacology and Physiology (S.-Y.C.), University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology (X.M., S.-Y.C.), University of Georgia, Athens
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Herrmann H, Cabet E, Chevalier NR, Moosmann J, Schultheis D, Haas J, Schowalter M, Berwanger C, Weyerer V, Agaimy A, Meder B, Müller OJ, Katus HA, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Vicart P, Ferreiro A, Dittrich S, Clemen CS, Lilienbaum A, Schröder R. Dual Functional States of R406W-Desmin Assembly Complexes Cause Cardiomyopathy With Severe Intercalated Disc Derangement in Humans and in Knock-In Mice. Circulation 2020; 142:2155-2171. [PMID: 33023321 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.050218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the human desmin gene cause myopathies and cardiomyopathies. This study aimed to elucidate molecular mechanisms initiated by the heterozygous R406W-desmin mutation in the development of a severe and early-onset cardiac phenotype. METHODS We report an adolescent patient who underwent cardiac transplantation as a result of restrictive cardiomyopathy caused by a heterozygous R406W-desmin mutation. Sections of the explanted heart were analyzed with antibodies specific to 406W-desmin and to intercalated disc proteins. Effects of the R406W mutation on the molecular properties of desmin were addressed by cell transfection and in vitro assembly experiments. To prove the genuine deleterious effect of the mutation on heart tissue, we further generated and analyzed R405W-desmin knock-in mice harboring the orthologous form of the human R406W-desmin. RESULTS Microscopic analysis of the explanted heart revealed desmin aggregates and the absence of desmin filaments at intercalated discs. Structural changes within intercalated discs were revealed by the abnormal organization of desmoplakin, plectin, N-cadherin, and connexin-43. Next-generation sequencing confirmed the DES variant c.1216C>T (p.R406W) as the sole disease-causing mutation. Cell transfection studies disclosed a dual behavior of R406W-desmin with both its integration into the endogenous intermediate filament system and segregation into protein aggregates. In vitro, R406W-desmin formed unusually thick filaments that organized into complex filament aggregates and fibrillar sheets. In contrast, assembly of equimolar mixtures of mutant and wild-type desmin generated chimeric filaments of seemingly normal morphology but with occasional prominent irregularities. Heterozygous and homozygous R405W-desmin knock-in mice develop both a myopathy and a cardiomyopathy. In particular, the main histopathologic results from the patient are recapitulated in the hearts from R405W-desmin knock-in mice of both genotypes. Moreover, whereas heterozygous knock-in mice have a normal life span, homozygous animals die at 3 months of age because of a smooth muscle-related gastrointestinal phenotype. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that R406W-desmin provokes its severe cardiotoxic potential by a novel pathomechanism, where the concurrent dual functional states of mutant desmin assembly complexes underlie the uncoupling of desmin filaments from intercalated discs and their structural disorganization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Herrmann
- Institute of Neuropathology (H.H., D.S., M.S., R.S.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.,Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany (H.H.)
| | - Eva Cabet
- Basic and Translational Myology, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (E.C., P.V., A.F., A.L.), University of Paris, France
| | - Nicolas R Chevalier
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (N.R.C.), University of Paris, France
| | - Julia Moosmann
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology (J.M., S.D.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Dorothea Schultheis
- Institute of Neuropathology (H.H., D.S., M.S., R.S.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Jan Haas
- Institute for Cardiomyopathies Heidelberg, Heart Center Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Germany (J.H., B.M.)
| | - Mirjam Schowalter
- Institute of Neuropathology (H.H., D.S., M.S., R.S.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Carolin Berwanger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany (C.B., C.S.C.)
| | - Veronika Weyerer
- Institute of Pathology (V.W., A.A.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Abbas Agaimy
- Institute of Pathology (V.W., A.A.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Meder
- Institute for Cardiomyopathies Heidelberg, Heart Center Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Germany (J.H., B.M.).,Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA (B.M.)
| | - Oliver J Müller
- Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and University of Kiel, and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Kiel, Germany (O.J.M.)
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University Hospital Heidelberg, and German Center for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Heidelberg, Germany (H.A.K.)
| | - Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt
- Department of Ophthalmology (U.S.-S.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Vicart
- Basic and Translational Myology, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (E.C., P.V., A.F., A.L.), University of Paris, France
| | - Ana Ferreiro
- Basic and Translational Myology, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (E.C., P.V., A.F., A.L.), University of Paris, France.,Reference Center for Neuromuscular Disorders, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France (A.F.)
| | - Sven Dittrich
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology (J.M., S.D.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Christoph S Clemen
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center, Cologne, Germany (C.B., C.S.C.).,Center for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Medical Faculty, and Center for Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry I, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Germany(C.S.C.)
| | - Alain Lilienbaum
- Basic and Translational Myology, Unit of Functional and Adaptive Biology (E.C., P.V., A.F., A.L.), University of Paris, France
| | - Rolf Schröder
- Institute of Neuropathology (H.H., D.S., M.S., R.S.), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Min S, Kinnear C, D'Alessandro LCA, Bouwmeester J, Yao R, Chiasson D, Keeley F, Mital S. Genetic Diagnosis and the Severity of Cardiovascular Phenotype in Patients With Elastin Arteriopathy. Circ Genom Precis Med 2020; 13:e002971. [PMID: 32960096 PMCID: PMC7748044 DOI: 10.1161/circgen.120.002971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Elastin insufficiency causes recurrent vascular stenoses. Hemizygous deletion of the elastin gene (ELN) causes Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS), while single nucleotide variants in ELN cause nonsyndromic supravalvar aortic stenosis (SVAS). Our objective was to compare cardiovascular disease outcomes in patients with WBS and nonsyndromic SVAS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandar Min
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program (S. Min, C.K., J.B., R.Y., S. Mital), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| | - Caroline Kinnear
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program (S. Min, C.K., J.B., R.Y., S. Mital), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| | - Lisa C A D'Alessandro
- Pediatric Cardiology, Women and Children's Health, Trillium Health Partners, Mississauga (L.C.A.D.).,Department of Pediatrics (L.C.A.D.), University of Toronto
| | - Jade Bouwmeester
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program (S. Min, C.K., J.B., R.Y., S. Mital), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| | - Roderick Yao
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program (S. Min, C.K., J.B., R.Y., S. Mital), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| | - David Chiasson
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (D.C.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| | - Fred Keeley
- Program in Molecular Medicine (F.K.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.,Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology (D.C.), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| | - Seema Mital
- Genetics & Genome Biology Program (S. Min, C.K., J.B., R.Y., S. Mital), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto.,Department of Pediatrics (S. Mital), Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Osman I, Wang L, Hu G, Zeqi Z, Jiliang Z. GFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein)-Positive Progenitor Cells Contribute to the Development of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Endothelial Cells-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1231-1238. [PMID: 32160776 PMCID: PMC7180117 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) is commonly used as a classical marker for astrocytes in the central nervous system, GFAP-expressing progenitor cells give rise to other cell types during development. The goal of this study was to investigate whether GFAP-expressing progenitor cells contribute to the development of vascular cells in major arteries. Approach and Results: To label GFAP-expressing progenitor cells and their progeny, we crossed GFAP promoter-driven Cre recombinase mice (GFAP-Cre) with transgenic mice expressing the Cre-dependent mTmG dual fluorescent reporter gene. Using this genetic fate-mapping approach, here we demonstrate that GFAP-positive progenitor cells contribute to the development of vascular smooth muscle cells in both neural crest- and non-neural crest-derived vascular beds. In addition, GFAP-positive progenitor cells contribute to a subset of endothelial cells in some vasculature. Furthermore, fate-mapping analyses at multiple time points of mouse development demonstrate a time-dependent increase in the contribution of GFAP-positive progenitors to vascular smooth muscle cells, which mostly occurs in the postnatal period. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates that vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells within the same vascular segment are developmentally heterogeneous, where varying proportions of vascular smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells are contributed by GFAP-positive progenitor cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam Osman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Guoqing Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Zheng Zeqi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Zhou Jiliang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khoukaz HB, Ji Y, Braet DJ, Vadali M, Abdelhamid AA, Emal CD, Lawrence DA, Fay WP. Drug Targeting of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Inhibits Metabolic Dysfunction and Atherosclerosis in a Murine Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1479-1490. [PMID: 32268785 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Enhanced expression of PAI-1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor-1) has been implicated in atherosclerosis formation in humans with obesity and metabolic syndrome. However, little is known about the effects of pharmacological targeting of PAI-1 on atherogenesis. This study examined the effects of pharmacological PAI-1 inhibition on atherosclerosis formation in a murine model of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Approach and Results: LDL receptor-deficient (ldlr-/-) mice were fed a Western diet high in cholesterol, fat, and sucrose to induce obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and atherosclerosis. Western diet triggered significant upregulation of PAI-1 expression compared with normal diet controls. Addition of a pharmacological PAI-1 inhibitor (either PAI-039 or MDI-2268) to Western diet significantly inhibited obesity and atherosclerosis formation for up to 24 weeks without attenuating food consumption. Pharmacological PAI-1 inhibition significantly decreased macrophage accumulation and cell senescence in atherosclerotic plaques. Recombinant PAI-1 stimulated smooth muscle cell senescence, whereas a PAI-1 mutant defective in LRP1 (LDL receptor-related protein 1) binding did not. The prosenescent effect of PAI-1 was blocked by PAI-039 and R2629, a specific anti-LRP1 antibody. PAI-039 significantly decreased visceral adipose tissue inflammation, hyperglycemia, and hepatic triglyceride content without altering plasma lipid profiles. CONCLUSIONS Pharmacological targeting of PAI-1 inhibits atherosclerosis in mice with obesity and metabolic syndrome, while inhibiting macrophage accumulation and cell senescence in atherosclerotic plaques, as well as obesity-associated metabolic dysfunction. PAI-1 induces senescence of smooth muscle cells in an LRP1-dependent manner. These results help to define the role of PAI-1 in atherosclerosis formation and suggest a new plasma-lipid-independent strategy for inhibiting atherogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hekmat B Khoukaz
- From the Department of Medicine (H.B.K, Y.J., D.J.B., M.V., A.A.A., W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine
| | - Yan Ji
- From the Department of Medicine (H.B.K, Y.J., D.J.B., M.V., A.A.A., W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine
| | - Drew J Braet
- From the Department of Medicine (H.B.K, Y.J., D.J.B., M.V., A.A.A., W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine
| | - Manisha Vadali
- From the Department of Medicine (H.B.K, Y.J., D.J.B., M.V., A.A.A., W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine
| | - Ahmed A Abdelhamid
- From the Department of Medicine (H.B.K, Y.J., D.J.B., M.V., A.A.A., W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine
| | - Cory D Emal
- Department of Chemistry, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti (C.D.E.)
| | - Daniel A Lawrence
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor (D.A.L.)
| | - William P Fay
- From the Department of Medicine (H.B.K, Y.J., D.J.B., M.V., A.A.A., W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine.,Department of Medical Pharmacology & Physiology (W.P.F.), University of Missouri School of Medicine.,Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO (W.P.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ren J, Zhou T, Pilli VSS, Phan N, Wang Q, Gupta K, Liu Z, Sheibani N, Liu B. Novel Paracrine Functions of Smooth Muscle Cells in Supporting Endothelial Regeneration Following Arterial Injury. Circ Res 2020; 124:1253-1265. [PMID: 30739581 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.314567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Regeneration of denuded or injured endothelium is an important component of vascular injury response. Cell-cell communication between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays a critical role not only in vascular homeostasis but also in disease. We have previously demonstrated that PKCδ (protein kinase C-delta) regulates multiple components of vascular injury response including apoptosis of SMCs and production of chemokines, thus is an attractive candidate for a role in SMC-endothelial cells communication. OBJECTIVE To test whether PKCδ-mediated paracrine functions of SMCs influence reendothelialization in rodent models of arterial injury. METHODS AND RESULTS Femoral artery wire injury was performed in SMC-conditional Prkcd knockout mice, and carotid angioplasty was conducted in rats receiving transient Prkcd knockdown or overexpression. SMC-specific knockout of Prkcd impaired reendothelialization, reflected by a smaller Evans blue-excluding area in the knockout compared with the wild-type controls. A similar impediment to reendothelialization was observed in rats with SMC-specific knockdown of Prkcd. In contrast, SMC-specific gene transfer of Prkcd accelerated reendothelialization. In vitro, medium conditioned by AdPKCδ-infected SMCs increased endothelial wound closure without affecting their proliferation. A polymerase chain reaction-based array analysis identified Cxcl1 and Cxcl7 among others as PKCδ-mediated chemokines produced by SMCs. Mechanistically, we postulated that PKCδ regulates Cxcl7 expression through STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) as knockdown of STAT3 abolished Cxcl7 expression. The role of CXCL7 in SMC-endothelial cells communication was demonstrated by blocking CXCL7 or its receptor CXCR2, both significantly inhibited endothelial wound closure. Furthermore, insertion of a Cxcl7 cDNA in the lentiviral vector that carries a Prkcd shRNA overcame the adverse effects of Prkcd knockdown on reendothelialization. CONCLUSIONS SMCs promote reendothelialization in a PKCδ-dependent paracrine mechanism, likely through CXCL7-mediated recruitment of endothelial cells from uninjured endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.)
| | - Ting Zhou
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.)
| | - Vijaya Satish Sekhar Pilli
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.)
| | - Noel Phan
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.)
| | - Qiwei Wang
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.)
| | - Kartik Gupta
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.)
| | - Zhenjie Liu
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.).,Department of Vascular Surgery, 2nd Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Zhejiang University (Z.L.)
| | - Nader Sheibani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison (N.S.)
| | - Bo Liu
- From the Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison (J.R., T.Z., V.S.S.P., N.P., Q.W., K.G., Z.L., B.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are a critical component of blood vessel walls that provide structural support, regulate vascular tone, and allow for vascular remodeling. These cells also exhibit a remarkable plasticity that contributes to vascular growth and repair but also to cardiovascular pathologies, including atherosclerosis, intimal hyperplasia and restenosis, aneurysm, and transplant vasculopathy. Mouse models have been an important tool for the study of SMC functions. The development of smooth muscle-expressing Cre-driver lines has allowed for exciting discoveries, including recent advances revealing the diversity of phenotypes derived from mature SMC transdifferentiation in vivo using inducible CreER T2 lines. We review SMC-targeting Cre lines driven by the Myh11, Tagln, and Acta2 promoters, including important technical considerations associated with these models. Limitations that can complicate study of the vasculature include expression in visceral SMCs leading to confounding phenotypes, and expression in multiple nonsmooth muscle cell types, such as Acta2-Cre expression in myofibroblasts. Notably, the frequently employed Tagln/ SM22α- Cre driver expresses in the embryonic heart but can also confer expression in nonmuscular cells including perivascular adipocytes and their precursors, myeloid cells, and platelets, with important implications for interpretation of cardiovascular phenotypes. With new Cre-driver lines under development and the increasing use of fate mapping methods, we are entering an exciting new era in SMC research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chakraborty
- From the Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.C., F.Z.S., A.C.C., D.M.G., K.A.M.)
| | - Fatima Zahra Saddouk
- From the Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.C., F.Z.S., A.C.C., D.M.G., K.A.M.).,Department of Genetics (F.Z.S., D.M.G.)
| | - Ana Catarina Carrao
- From the Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.C., F.Z.S., A.C.C., D.M.G., K.A.M.)
| | - Diane S Krause
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine, Cell Biology, and Pathology (D.S.K.)
| | - Daniel M Greif
- From the Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.C., F.Z.S., A.C.C., D.M.G., K.A.M.).,Department of Genetics (F.Z.S., D.M.G.)
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- From the Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.C., F.Z.S., A.C.C., D.M.G., K.A.M.).,Department of Pharmacology (K.A.M.), Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Affiliation(s)
- Mark W Majesky
- From the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Pathology, Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
The BBSome-a complex consisting of 8 Bardet-Biedl syndrome proteins-is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes. Recently, the BBSome complex has emerged as an important regulator of cardiovascular function with implications for disease. In this study, we examined the role of the BBSome in vascular smooth muscle and its effects on the regulation of cardiovascular function. Smooth muscle-specific disruption of the BBSome through tamoxifen-inducible deletion of Bbs1 gene-a critical component of the BBSome complex-reduces relaxation and enhances contractility of vascular rings and increases aortic stiffness independent of changes in arterial blood pressure. Mechanistically, we demonstrate that smooth muscle Bbs1 gene deletion increases vascular angiotensinogen gene expression implicating the renin-angiotensin system in these altered cardiovascular responses. Additionally, we report that smooth muscle-specific Bbs1 knockout mice demonstrate enhanced ET-1 (endothelin-1)-induced contractility of mesenteric arteries-an effect reversed by blockade of the AT1 (angiotensin type 1 receptor) with losartan. These findings highlight the importance of the smooth muscle BBSome in the control of vascular function and arterial stiffness through modulation of renin-angiotensin system signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John J Reho
- From the Department of Pharmacology (J.J.R., D.-F.G., D.A.M., K.R.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine
| | - Deng-Fu Guo
- From the Department of Pharmacology (J.J.R., D.-F.G., D.A.M., K.R.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine
| | - Donald A Morgan
- From the Department of Pharmacology (J.J.R., D.-F.G., D.A.M., K.R.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine
| | - Kamal Rahmouni
- From the Department of Pharmacology (J.J.R., D.-F.G., D.A.M., K.R.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine.,Department of Internal Medicine (K.R.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine.,Obesity Education and Research Initiative (K.R.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine.,Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center (K.R.), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine.,Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Iowa City, IA (K.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lyu Q, Dhagia V, Han Y, Guo B, Wines-Samuelson ME, Christie CK, Yin Q, Slivano OJ, Herring P, Long X, Gupte SA, Miano JM. CRISPR-Cas9-Mediated Epitope Tagging Provides Accurate and Versatile Assessment of Myocardin-Brief Report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2184-2190. [PMID: 29976770 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Unreliable antibodies often hinder the accurate detection of an endogenous protein, and this is particularly true for the cardiac and smooth muscle cofactor, MYOCD (myocardin). Accordingly, the mouse Myocd locus was targeted with 2 independent epitope tags for the unambiguous expression, localization, and activity of MYOCD protein. Approach and Results- 3cCRISPR (3-component clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat) was used to engineer a carboxyl-terminal 3×FLAG or 3×HA epitope tag in mouse embryos. Western blotting with antibodies to each tag revealed a MYOCD protein product of ≈150 kDa, a size considerably larger than that reported in virtually all publications. MYOCD protein was most abundant in some adult smooth muscle-containing tissues with surprisingly low-level expression in the heart. Both alleles of Myocd are active in aorta because a 2-fold increase in protein was seen in mice homozygous versus heterozygous for FLAG-tagged Myocd. ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation)-quantitative polymerase chain reaction studies provide proof-of-principle data demonstrating the utility of this mouse line in conducting genome-wide ChIP-seq studies to ascertain the full complement of MYOCD-dependent target genes in vivo. Although FLAG-tagged MYOCD protein was undetectable in sections of adult mouse tissues, low-passaged vascular smooth muscle cells exhibited expected nuclear localization. Conclusions- This report validates new mouse models for analyzing MYOCD protein expression, localization, and binding activity in vivo and highlights the need for rigorous authentication of antibodies in biomedical research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Lyu
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| | - Vidhi Dhagia
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (V.D., S.A.G.)
| | - Yu Han
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| | - Bing Guo
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| | - Mary E Wines-Samuelson
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| | - Christine K Christie
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| | - Qiangzong Yin
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| | - Orazio J Slivano
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| | - Paul Herring
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (P.H.)
| | - Xiaochun Long
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, NY (X.L.)
| | - Sachin A Gupte
- Department of Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla (V.D., S.A.G.)
| | - Joseph M Miano
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Q.L., Y.H., B.G., M.E.W.-S., C.K.C., Q.Y., O.J.S., J.M.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
DeLalio LJ, Keller AS, Chen J, Boyce AKJ, Artamonov MV, Askew-Page HR, Keller TCS, Johnstone SR, Weaver RB, Good ME, Murphy SA, Best AK, Mintz EL, Penuela S, Greenwood IA, Machado RF, Somlyo AV, Swayne LA, Minshall RD, Isakson BE. Interaction Between Pannexin 1 and Caveolin-1 in Smooth Muscle Can Regulate Blood Pressure. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2065-2078. [PMID: 30026274 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Objective- Sympathetic nerve innervation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a major regulator of arteriolar vasoconstriction, vascular resistance, and blood pressure. Importantly, α-adrenergic receptor stimulation, which uniquely couples with Panx1 (pannexin 1) channel-mediated ATP release in resistance arteries, also requires localization to membrane caveolae. Here, we test whether localization of Panx1 to Cav1 (caveolin-1) promotes channel function (stimulus-dependent ATP release and adrenergic vasoconstriction) and is important for blood pressure homeostasis. Approach and Results- We use in vitro VSMC culture models, ex vivo resistance arteries, and a novel inducible VSMC-specific Cav1 knockout mouse to probe interactions between Panx1 and Cav1. We report that Panx1 and Cav1 colocalized on the VSMC plasma membrane of resistance arteries near sympathetic nerves in an adrenergic stimulus-dependent manner. Genetic deletion of Cav1 significantly blunts adrenergic-stimulated ATP release and vasoconstriction, with no direct influence on endothelium-dependent vasodilation or cardiac function. A significant reduction in mean arterial pressure (total=4 mm Hg; night=7 mm Hg) occurred in mice deficient for VSMC Cav1. These animals were resistant to further blood pressure lowering using a Panx1 peptide inhibitor Px1IL2P, which targets an intracellular loop region necessary for channel function. Conclusions- Translocalization of Panx1 to Cav1-enriched caveolae in VSMCs augments the release of purinergic stimuli necessary for proper adrenergic-mediated vasoconstriction and blood pressure homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leon J DeLalio
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Pharmacology (L.J.D., A.S.K.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville
| | - Alexander S Keller
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Pharmacology (L.J.D., A.S.K.), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville
| | | | - Andrew K J Boyce
- Division of Medical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (A.K.J.B., L.A.S.)
| | - Mykhaylo V Artamonov
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
| | - Henry R Askew-Page
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - T C Stevenson Keller
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
| | - Scott R Johnstone
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Rachel B Weaver
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Miranda E Good
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Sara A Murphy
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Angela K Best
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.)
| | - Ellen L Mintz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Engineering, Charlottesville (E.L.M.)
| | - Silvia Penuela
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada (S.P.)
| | - Iain A Greenwood
- Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George's University London, United Kingdom (I.A.G.)
| | - Roberto F Machado
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep, and Occupational Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis (R.F.M.)
| | - Avril V Somlyo
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
| | - Leigh Anne Swayne
- Division of Medical Sciences, Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada (A.K.J.B., L.A.S.)
| | - Richard D Minshall
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anesthesiology (R.D.M.), The University of Illinois at Chicago
| | - Brant E Isakson
- From the Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (L.J.D., A.S.K., H.R.A.-P., T.C.S.K., S.R.J., R.B.W., M.E.G., S.A.M., A.K.B., B.E.I.).,Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville (M.V.A., T.C.S.K., A.V.S., B.E.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Lu
- From the Center of Clinical Pharmacology (Y.L.)
| | - Tanuja Thavarajah
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (T.T., W.G., Q.X.)
| | - Wenduo Gu
- School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (T.T., W.G., Q.X.)
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology (J.C., Q.X.), Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Department of Cardiology (J.C., Q.X.), Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London British Heart Foundation Centre, United Kingdom (T.T., W.G., Q.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Peterson SM, Turner JE, Harrington A, Davis-Knowlton J, Lindner V, Gridley T, Vary CPH, Liaw L. Notch2 and Proteomic Signatures in Mouse Neointimal Lesion Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2018; 38:1576-1593. [PMID: 29853569 PMCID: PMC6023756 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. Objective— Vascular remodeling is associated with complex molecular changes, including increased Notch2, which promotes quiescence in human smooth muscle cells. We used unbiased protein profiling to understand molecular signatures related to neointimal lesion formation in the presence or absence of Notch2 and to test the hypothesis that loss of Notch2 would increase neointimal lesion formation because of a hyperproliferative injury response. Approach and Results— Murine carotid arteries isolated at 6 or 14 days after ligation injury were analyzed by mass spectrometry using a data-independent acquisition strategy in comparison to uninjured or sham injured arteries. We used a tamoxifen-inducible, cell-specific Cre recombinase strain to delete the Notch2 gene in smooth muscle cells. Vessel morphometric analysis and immunohistochemical staining were used to characterize lesion formation, assess vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, and validate proteomic findings. Loss of Notch2 in smooth muscle cells leads to protein profile changes in the vessel wall during remodeling but does not alter overall lesion morphology or cell proliferation. Loss of smooth muscle Notch2 also decreases the expression of enhancer of rudimentary homolog, plectin, and annexin A2 in vascular remodeling. Conclusions— We identified unique protein signatures that represent temporal changes in the vessel wall during neointimal lesion formation in the presence and absence of Notch2. Overall lesion formation was not affected with loss of smooth muscle Notch2, suggesting compensatory pathways. We also validated the regulation of known injury- or Notch-related targets identified in other vascular contexts, providing additional insight into conserved pathways involved in vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Peterson
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono (S.M.P., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| | - Jacqueline E Turner
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| | - Anne Harrington
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| | - Jessica Davis-Knowlton
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA (J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| | - Volkhard Lindner
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono (S.M.P., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA (J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| | - Thomas Gridley
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono (S.M.P., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA (J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| | - Calvin P H Vary
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono (S.M.P., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA (J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| | - Lucy Liaw
- From the Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough (S.M.P., J.E.T., A.H., J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.) .,University of Maine Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Orono (S.M.P., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.).,Tufts Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Boston, MA (J.D.-K., V.L., T.G., C.P.H.V., L.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jin Y, Xie Y, Ostriker AC, Zhang X, Liu R, Lee MY, Leslie KL, Tang W, Du J, Lee SH, Wang Y, Sessa WC, Hwa J, Yu J, Martin KA. Opposing Actions of AKT (Protein Kinase B) Isoforms in Vascular Smooth Muscle Injury and Therapeutic Response. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:2311-2321. [PMID: 29025710 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Drug-eluting stent delivery of mTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1) inhibitors is highly effective in preventing intimal hyperplasia after coronary revascularization, but adverse effects limit their use for systemic vascular disease. Understanding the mechanism of action may lead to new treatment strategies. We have shown that rapamycin promotes vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation in an AKT2-dependent manner in vitro. Here, we investigate the roles of AKT (protein kinase B) isoforms in intimal hyperplasia. APPROACH AND RESULTS We found that germ-line-specific or smooth muscle-specific deletion of Akt2 resulted in more severe intimal hyperplasia compared with control mice after arterial denudation injury. Conversely, smooth muscle-specific Akt1 knockout prevented intimal hyperplasia, whereas germ-line Akt1 deletion caused severe thrombosis. Notably, rapamycin prevented intimal hyperplasia in wild-type mice but had no therapeutic benefit in Akt2 knockouts. We identified opposing roles for AKT1 and AKT2 isoforms in smooth muscle cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and rapamycin response in vitro. Mechanistically, rapamycin induced MYOCD (myocardin) mRNA expression. This was mediated by AKT2 phosphorylation and nuclear exclusion of FOXO4 (forkhead box O4), inhibiting its binding to the MYOCD promoter. CONCLUSIONS Our data reveal opposing roles for AKT isoforms in smooth muscle cell remodeling. AKT2 is required for rapamycin's therapeutic inhibition of intimal hyperplasia, likely mediated in part through AKT2-specific regulation of MYOCD via FOXO4. Because AKT2 signaling is impaired in diabetes mellitus, this work has important implications for rapamycin therapy, particularly in diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jin
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Yi Xie
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Allison C Ostriker
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Renjing Liu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Monica Y Lee
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Kristen L Leslie
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Waiho Tang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Jing Du
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Seung Hee Lee
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Yingdi Wang
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - William C Sessa
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - John Hwa
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Jun Yu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.)
| | - Kathleen A Martin
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., K.L.L., W.T., J.D., S.H.L., Y.W., J.H., K.A.M.) and Department of Pharmacology (Y.J., Y.X., A.C.O., M.Y.L., K.L.L., W.C.S., K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT; Section of Comparative Medicine and Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (X.Z.); Agnes Ginges Laboratory for Diseases of the Aorta, Centenary Institute, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia (R.L.); Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.L.); and Department of Physiology and Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA (J.Y.).
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ye Q, Pang S, Zhang W, Guo X, Wang J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wu X, Jiang F. Therapeutic Targeting of RNA Polymerase I With the Small-Molecule CX-5461 for Prevention of Arterial Injury-Induced Neointimal Hyperplasia. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:476-484. [PMID: 28062495 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE RNA polymerase I (Pol I)-dependent rRNA synthesis is a determinant factor in ribosome biogenesis and thus cell proliferation. The importance of dysregulated Pol I activity in cardiovascular disease, however, has not been recognized. Here, we tested the hypothesis that specific inhibition of Pol I might prevent arterial injury-induced neointimal hyperplasia. APPROACH AND RESULTS CX-5461 is a novel selective Pol I inhibitor. Using this tool, we demonstrated that local inhibition of Pol I blocked balloon injury-induced neointima formation in rat carotid arteries in vivo. Neointimal development was associated with augmented rDNA transcriptional activity as evidenced by the increased phosphorylation of upstream binding factor-1. The beneficial effect of CX-5461 was mainly mediated by inducing G2/M cell cycle arrest of proliferating smooth muscle cells without obvious apoptosis. CX-5461 did not induce p53 stabilization but increased p53 phosphorylation and acetylation and activated the ataxia telangiectasia mutated/ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) pathway. Inhibition of ATR, but not of ataxia telangiectasia mutated, abolished the cytostatic effect of CX-5461 and p53 phosphorylation. In addition, inhibition of p53 or knockdown of the p53 target GADD45 mimicked the effect of ATR inhibition. In vivo experiments showed that the levels of phospho-p53 and acetyl-p53, and activity of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated/ATR pathway were all augmented in CX-5461-treated vessels. CONCLUSIONS Pol I can be therapeutically targeted to inhibit the growth of neointima, supporting that Pol I is a novel biological target for preventing arterial restenosis. Mechanistically, Pol I inhibition elicited G2/M cell cycle arrest in smooth muscle cells via activation of the ATR-p53 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Ye
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Shu Pang
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiaotong Guo
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Jianli Wang
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Yang Liu
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Xiao Wu
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Fan Jiang
- From the School of Basic Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China (Q.Y., S.P., W.Z., X.G., J.W., Y.L., F.J.); Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research & The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China (X.W.); and Department of Cardiology, Qing Dao Central Hospital, Qing Dao, Shandong Province, China (Y.Z.).
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Freitas da Silva DM, Fernandes IA, Wu A, Neville BW. Oral Leiomyomatous Hamartoma of the Anterior Maxillary Gingiva. Clin Adv Periodontics 2016; 6:190-194. [PMID: 31535479 DOI: 10.1902/cap.2016.160022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral leiomyomatous hamartoma (OLH) is a rare developmental tumor-like anomaly of the oral cavity. CASE PRESENTATION This report documents a 4-year-old female who was diagnosed with an OLH of the palatal gingiva between the maxillary central incisors. This lesion was treated successfully by local surgical excision. CONCLUSION Because many of the reported cases of this lesion have developed on the anterior maxillary gingiva, it is important for the periodontist to be aware of this entity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ighor A Fernandes
- Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alice Wu
- Private practice, Fayetteville, NC
| | - Brad W Neville
- Division of Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, James B. Edwards College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ji Y, Weng Z, Fish P, Goyal N, Luo M, Myears SP, Strawn TL, Chandrasekar B, Wu J, Fay WP. Pharmacological Targeting of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 Decreases Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration and Neointima Formation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2016; 36:2167-2175. [PMID: 27659097 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a serine protease inhibitor that promotes and inhibits cell migration, plays a complex and important role in adverse vascular remodeling. Little is known about the effects of pharmacological PAI-1 inhibitors, an emerging drug class, on migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), crucial mediators of vascular remodeling. We investigated the effects of PAI-039 (tiplaxtinin), a specific PAI-1 inhibitor, on SMC and EC migration in vitro and vascular remodeling in vivo. APPROACH AND RESULTS PAI-039 inhibited SMC migration through collagen gels, including those supplemented with vitronectin and other extracellular matrix proteins, but did not inhibit migration of PAI-1-deficient SMCs, suggesting that its antimigratory effects were PAI-1-specific and physiologically relevant. However, PAI-039 did not inhibit EC migration. PAI-039 inhibited phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of signal transducers and activators of transcription-1 in SMCs, but had no discernable effect on signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 signaling in ECs. Expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, a motogenic PAI-1 receptor that activates Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription-1 signaling, was markedly lower in ECs than in SMCs. Notably, PAI-039 significantly inhibited intimal hyperplasia and inflammation in murine models of adverse vascular remodeling, but did not adversely affect re-endothelialization after endothelium-denuding mechanical vascular injury. CONCLUSIONS PAI-039 inhibits SMC migration and intimal hyperplasia, while having no inhibitory effect on ECs, which seems to be because of differences in PAI-1-dependent low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1/Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 signaling between SMCs and ECs. These findings suggest that PAI-1 may be an important therapeutic target in obstructive vascular diseases characterized by neointimal hyperplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ji
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Zhen Weng
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Philip Fish
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Neha Goyal
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Mao Luo
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Samantha P Myears
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Tammy L Strawn
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - Jianbo Wu
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO
| | - William P Fay
- From the Departments of Medicine and Medical Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine (Y.J., Z.W., P.F., N.G., M.L., S.P.M., T.L.S., B.C., J.W., W.P.F.), and the Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital (B.C., W.P.F.), Columbia, MO.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Preil SAR, Kristensen LP, Beck HC, Jensen PS, Nielsen PS, Steiniche T, Bjørling-Poulsen M, Larsen MR, Hansen ML, Rasmussen LM. Quantitative Proteome Analysis Reveals Increased Content of Basement Membrane Proteins in Arteries From Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Lower Levels Among Metformin Users. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:727-35. [PMID: 26371159 DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.115.001165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus has been extensively documented, but the origins of the association remain largely unknown. We sought to determine changes in protein expressions in arterial tissue from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and moreover hypothesized that metformin intake influences the protein composition. METHODS AND RESULTS We analyzed nonatherosclerotic repair arteries gathered at coronary bypass operations from 30 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and from 30 age- and sex-matched nondiabetic individuals. Quantitative proteome analysis was performed by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantitation-labeling and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry analysis on individual arterial samples. The amounts of the basement membrane components, α1-type IV collagen and α2-type IV collagen, γ1-laminin and β2-laminin, were significantly increased in patients with diabetes mellitus. Moreover, the expressions of basement membrane components and other vascular proteins were significantly lower among metformin users when compared with nonusers. Patients treated with or without metformin had similar levels of hemoglobin A1c, cholesterol, and blood pressure. In addition, quantitative histomorphometry showed increased area fractions of collagen-stainable material in tunica intima and media among patients with diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSIONS The distinct accumulation of arterial basement membrane proteins in type 2 diabetes mellitus discloses a similarity between the diabetic macroangiopathy and microangiopathy and suggests a molecular explanation behind the alterations in vascular remodeling, biomechanical properties, and aneurysm formation described in diabetes mellitus. The lower amounts of basement membrane components in metformin-treated individuals are compatible with the hypothesis of direct beneficial drug effects on the matrix composition in the vasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone A R Preil
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Lars P Kristensen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Hans C Beck
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Pia S Jensen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Patricia S Nielsen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Torben Steiniche
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Marina Bjørling-Poulsen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Martin R Larsen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Maria L Hansen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.)
| | - Lars M Rasmussen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Protein Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (M.R.L.), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Center for Individualized Medicine in Arterial Diseases (CIMA), Center for Clinical Proteomics (CCP), Odense Patient Explorative Network (OPEN) (S.A.R.P., L.P.K., H.C.B., P.S.J., M.B.-P., M.L.H., L.M.R.) and Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (M.L.H.), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; and Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark (P.S.N., T.S.).
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
da Silva TLTB, Mota MM, Fontes MT, Araújo JEDS, Carvalho VO, Bonjardim LR, Santos MRV. Effects of one resistance exercise session on vascular smooth muscle of hypertensive rats. Arq Bras Cardiol 2015; 105:160-7. [PMID: 26107814 PMCID: PMC4559125 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20150070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertension is a public health problem and increases the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of a resistance exercise session on the contractile and relaxing mechanisms of vascular smooth muscle in mesenteric arteries of NG-nitro L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME)-induced hypertensive rats. METHODS Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (C), hypertensive (H), and exercised hypertensive (EH). Hypertension was induced by administration of 20 mg/kg of L-NAME for 7 days prior to experimental protocols. The resistance exercise protocol consisted of 10 sets of 10 repetitions and intensity of 40% of one repetition maximum. The reactivity of vascular smooth muscle was evaluated by concentration‑response curves to phenylephrine (PHEN), potassium chloride (KCl) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP). RESULTS Rats treated with L-NAME showed an increase (p < 0.001) in systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) compared to the initial period of induction. No difference in PHEN sensitivity was observed between groups H and EH. Acute resistance exercise reduced (p < 0.001) the contractile response induced by KCl at concentrations of 40 and 60 mM in group EH. Greater (p < 0.01) smooth muscle sensitivity to NPS was observed in group EH as compared to group H. CONCLUSION One resistance exercise session reduces the contractile response induced by KCl in addition to increasing the sensitivity of smooth muscle to NO in mesenteric arteries of hypertensive rats.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ambardekar AV, Hunter KS, Babu AN, Tuder RM, Dodson RB, Lindenfeld J. Changes in Aortic Wall Structure, Composition, and Stiffness With Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Devices: A Pilot Study. Circ Heart Fail 2015; 8:944-52. [PMID: 26136459 DOI: 10.1161/circheartfailure.114.001955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of nonpulsatile flow on the aorta are unknown. Our aim was to examine the structure of the aorta from patients with continuous-flow left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) and directly measure aortic wall composition and stiffness. METHODS AND RESULTS Age-matched aortic wall samples were collected from consecutive patients with heart failure (HF) at the time of transplantation and compared with nonfailing donor hearts. An unbiased stereological approach was used to quantify aortic morphometry and composition, and biomechanical testing was performed to determine the stress-strain relationship of the vessel. Data were obtained from 4 patients without a left ventricular assist device (HF group: mean age, 58.3±8.0 years), 7 patients with a continuous-flow LVAD (HF+LVAD group: mean, 57.7±5.6 years), and 3 nonfailing donors (mean, 53.3±12.9 years). Compared with HF, the aortic walls from HF+LVAD had an increase in wall thickness, collagen, and smooth muscle content accompanied by a reduction in elastin and mucinous ground-substance content. Stress-strain curves from the aortas revealed increased vessel stiffness in HF+LVAD compared with HF and nonfailing. The physiological modulus of the aorta progressively stiffened from 74.3±5.5 kPa in the nonfailing to 134.4±35.0 kPa in the HF to 201.7±36.4kPa in the HF+LVAD groups (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Among continuous-flow LVAD patients without aortic valve opening, there are changes in the structure and composition of the aorta as well as an increase in aortic wall stiffness compared with age-matched HF patients and nonfailing donors. Further studies examining the role of nonpulsatile blood flow on aortic function and the potential resultant systemic sequelae are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amrut V Ambardekar
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.V.A.), Department of Bioengineering (K.S.H., R.B.D.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology (K.S.H.), Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (A.N.B.), Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (R.M.T.), and Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (R.B.D.), University of Colorado, Aurora; and Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, TN (J.L.).
| | - Kendall S Hunter
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.V.A.), Department of Bioengineering (K.S.H., R.B.D.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology (K.S.H.), Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (A.N.B.), Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (R.M.T.), and Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (R.B.D.), University of Colorado, Aurora; and Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, TN (J.L.)
| | - Ashok N Babu
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.V.A.), Department of Bioengineering (K.S.H., R.B.D.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology (K.S.H.), Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (A.N.B.), Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (R.M.T.), and Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (R.B.D.), University of Colorado, Aurora; and Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, TN (J.L.)
| | - Rubin M Tuder
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.V.A.), Department of Bioengineering (K.S.H., R.B.D.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology (K.S.H.), Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (A.N.B.), Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (R.M.T.), and Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (R.B.D.), University of Colorado, Aurora; and Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, TN (J.L.)
| | - R Blair Dodson
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.V.A.), Department of Bioengineering (K.S.H., R.B.D.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology (K.S.H.), Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (A.N.B.), Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (R.M.T.), and Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (R.B.D.), University of Colorado, Aurora; and Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, TN (J.L.)
| | - JoAnn Lindenfeld
- From the Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology (A.V.A.), Department of Bioengineering (K.S.H., R.B.D.), Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology (K.S.H.), Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery (A.N.B.), Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine (R.M.T.), and Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery (R.B.D.), University of Colorado, Aurora; and Vanderbilt Heart and Vascular Institute, Nashville, TN (J.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Han Y, Slivano OJ, Christie CK, Cheng AW, Miano JM. CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing of a single regulatory element nearly abolishes target gene expression in mice--brief report. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2015; 35:312-5. [PMID: 25538209 PMCID: PMC4304932 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.305017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To ascertain the importance of a single regulatory element in the control of Cnn1 expression using CRISPR/Cas9 (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9) genome editing. APPROACH AND RESULTS The CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to produce 3 of 18 founder mice carrying point mutations in an intronic CArG box of the smooth muscle cell-restricted Cnn1 gene. Each founder was bred for germline transmission of the mutant CArG box and littermate interbreeding to generate homozygous mutant (Cnn1(ΔCArG/ΔCArG)) mice. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy showed dramatic reductions in Cnn1 mRNA and CNN1 protein expression in Cnn1(ΔCArG/ΔCArG) mice with no change in other smooth muscle cell-restricted genes and little evidence of off-target edits elsewhere in the genome. In vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed a sharp decrease in binding of serum response factor to the mutant CArG box. Loss of CNN1 expression was coincident with an increase in Ki-67 positive cells in the normal vessel wall. CONCLUSIONS CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing of a single CArG box nearly abolishes Cnn1 expression in vivo and evokes increases in smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis. This facile genome editing system paves the way for a new generation of studies designed to test the importance of individual regulatory elements in living animals, including regulatory variants in conserved sequence blocks linked to human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Y.H., O.J.S., C.K.C., J.M.M.); and Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME (A.W.C.)
| | - Orazio J Slivano
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Y.H., O.J.S., C.K.C., J.M.M.); and Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME (A.W.C.)
| | - Christine K Christie
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Y.H., O.J.S., C.K.C., J.M.M.); and Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME (A.W.C.)
| | - Albert W Cheng
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Y.H., O.J.S., C.K.C., J.M.M.); and Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME (A.W.C.)
| | - Joseph M Miano
- From the Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY (Y.H., O.J.S., C.K.C., J.M.M.); and Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, ME (A.W.C.).
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rozenberg JM, Tesfu DB, Musunuri S, Taylor JM, Mack CP. DNA methylation of a GC repressor element in the smooth muscle myosin heavy chain promoter facilitates binding of the Notch-associated transcription factor, RBPJ/CSL1. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2014; 34:2624-31. [PMID: 25324571 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.114.304634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of the present study was to identify novel mechanisms that regulate smooth muscle cell (SMC) differentiation marker gene expression. APPROACH AND RESULTS We demonstrate that the CArG-containing regions of many SMC-specific promoters are imbedded within CpG islands. A previously identified GC repressor element in the SM myosin heavy chain (MHC) promoter was highly methylated in cultured aortic SMC but not in the aorta, and this difference was inversely correlated with SM MHC expression. Using an affinity chromatography/mass spectroscopy-based approach, we identified the multifunctional Notch transcription factor, recombination signal binding protein for immunoglobulin κ J region (RBPJ), as a methylated GC repressor-binding protein. RBPJ protein levels and binding to the endogenous SM MHC GC repressor were enhanced by platelet-derived growth factor-BB treatment. A methylation mimetic mutation to the GC repressor that facilitated RBPJ binding inhibited SM MHC promoter activity as did overexpression of RBPJ. Consistent with this, knockdown of RBPJ in phenotypically modulated human aortic SMC enhanced endogenous SMC marker gene expression, an effect likely mediated by increased recruitment of serum response factor and Pol II to the SMC-specific promoters. In contrast, the depletion of RBPJ in differentiated transforming growth factor-β-treated SMC inhibited SMC-specific gene activation, supporting the idea that the effects of RBPJ/Notch signaling are context dependent. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that methylation-dependent binding of RBPJ to a GC repressor element can negatively regulate SM MHC promoter activity and that RBPJ can inhibit SMC marker gene expression in phenotypically modulated SMC. These results will have important implications on the regulation of SMC phenotype and on Notch-dependent transcription.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian M Rozenberg
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Daniel B Tesfu
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Srilaxmi Musunuri
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Joan M Taylor
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | - Christopher P Mack
- From the Department of Pathology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mariñas‐Pardo L, Mirones I, Amor‐Carro Ó, Fraga‐Iriso R, Lema‐Costa B, Cubillo I, Rodríguez Milla MÁ, García‐Castro J, Ramos‐Barbón D. Mesenchymal stem cells regulate airway contractile tissue remodeling in murine experimental asthma. Allergy 2014; 69:730-40. [PMID: 24750069 PMCID: PMC4114550 DOI: 10.1111/all.12392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells may offer therapeutic potential for asthma due to their immunomodulatory properties and host tolerability, yet prior evidence suggests that bloodborne progenitor cells may participate in airway remodeling. Here, we tested whether mesenchymal stem cells administered as anti‐inflammatory therapy may favor airway remodeling and therefore be detrimental. Methods Adipose tissue‐derived mesenchymal stem cells were retrovirally transduced to express green fluorescent protein and intravenously injected into mice with established experimental asthma induced by repeat intranasal house dust mite extract. Controls were house dust mite‐instilled animals receiving intravenous vehicle or phosphate‐buffered saline‐instilled animals receiving mesenchymal stem cells. Data on lung function, airway inflammation, and remodeling were collected at 72 h after injection or after 2 weeks of additional intranasal challenge. Results The mesenchymal stem cells homed to the lungs and rapidly downregulated airway inflammation in association with raised T‐helper‐1 lung cytokines, but such effect declined under sustained allergen challenge despite a persistent presence of mesenchymal stem cells. Conversely, airway hyperresponsiveness and contractile tissue underwent a late reduction regardless of continuous pathogenic stimuli and inflammatory rebound. Tracking of green fluorescent protein did not show mesenchymal stem cell integration or differentiation in airway wall tissues. Conclusions Therapeutic mesenchymal stem cell infusion in murine experimental asthma is free of unwanted pro‐remodeling effects and ameliorates airway hyper‐responsiveness and contractile tissue remodeling. These outcomes support furthering the development of mesenchymal stem cell‐based asthma therapies, although caution and solid preclinical data building are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L. Mariñas‐Pardo
- Respiratory Research Unit Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)/Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña Spain
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - I. Mirones
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Ó. Amor‐Carro
- Respiratory Research Unit Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)/Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña Spain
- Respiratory Department Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - R. Fraga‐Iriso
- Respiratory Research Unit Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)/Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña Spain
- Respiratory Department Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
| | - B. Lema‐Costa
- Respiratory Research Unit Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)/Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña Spain
| | - I. Cubillo
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | | | - J. García‐Castro
- Cellular Biotechnology Unit Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - D. Ramos‐Barbón
- Respiratory Research Unit Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC)/Complexo Hospitalario Universitario A Coruña Spain
- Respiratory Department Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Barcelona Spain
- Meakins‐Christie Laboratories Department of Medicine McGill University Montreal QCCanada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang Y, Hu G, Liu F, Wang X, Wu M, Schwarz JJ, Zhou J. Deletion of yes-associated protein (YAP) specifically in cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells reveals a crucial role for YAP in mouse cardiovascular development. Circ Res 2014; 114:957-65. [PMID: 24478334 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.114.303411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Our previous study has shown that yes-associated protein (YAP) plays a crucial role in the phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in response to arterial injury. However, the role of YAP in vascular SMC development is unknown. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to investigate the functional role of YAP in cardiovascular development in mice and determine the mechanisms underlying YAP's actions. METHODS AND RESULTS YAP was deleted in cardiomyocytes and vascular SMCs by crossing YAP flox mice with SM22α-Cre transgenic mice. Cardiac/SMC-specific deletion of YAP directed by SM22α-Cre resulted in perinatal lethality in mice because of profound cardiac defects including hypoplastic myocardium, membranous ventricular septal defect, and double outlet right ventricle. The cardiac/SMC-specific YAP knockout mice also displayed severe vascular abnormalities including hypoplastic arterial wall, short/absent brachiocephalic artery, and retroesophageal right subclavian artery. Deletion of YAP in mouse vascular SMCs induced expression of a subset of cell cycle arrest genes including G-protein-coupled receptor 132 (Gpr132). Silencing Gpr132 promoted SMC proliferation, whereas overexpression of Gpr132 attenuated SMC growth by arresting cell cycle in G0/G1 phase, suggesting that ablation of YAP-induced impairment of SMC proliferation was mediated, at least in part, by induction of Gpr132 expression. Mechanistically, YAP recruited the epigenetic repressor histone deacetylase-4 to suppress Gpr132 gene expression via a muscle CAT element in the Gpr132 gene. CONCLUSIONS YAP plays a critical role in cardiac/SMC proliferation during cardiovascular development by epigenetically regulating expression of a set of cell cycle suppressors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- From the Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Georgia, Georgia Regents University, Augusta (Y.W., G.H., F.L., J.Z.); and Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, NY (X.W., M.W., J.J.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lipskaia L, Bobe R, Chen J, Turnbull IC, Lopez JJ, Merlet E, Jeong D, Karakikes I, Ross AS, Liang L, Mougenot N, Atassi F, Lompré AM, Tarzami ST, Kovacic JC, Kranias E, Hajjar RJ, Hadri L. Synergistic role of protein phosphatase inhibitor 1 and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase in the acquisition of the contractile phenotype of arterial smooth muscle cells. Circulation 2013; 129:773-85. [PMID: 24249716 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.002565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenotypic modulation or switching of vascular smooth muscle cells from a contractile/quiescent to a proliferative/synthetic phenotype plays a key role in vascular proliferative disorders such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. Although several calcium handling proteins that control differentiation of smooth muscle cells have been identified, the role of protein phosphatase inhibitor 1 (I-1) in the acquisition or maintenance of the contractile phenotype modulation remains unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS In human coronary arteries, I-1 and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase expression is specific to contractile vascular smooth muscle cells. In synthetic cultured human coronary artery smooth muscle cells, protein phosphatase inhibitor 1 (I-1 target) is highly expressed, leading to a decrease in phospholamban phosphorylation, sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase, and cAMP-responsive element binding activity. I-1 knockout mice lack phospholamban phosphorylation and exhibit vascular smooth muscle cell arrest in the synthetic state with excessive neointimal proliferation after carotid injury, as well as significant modifications of contractile properties and relaxant response to acetylcholine of femoral artery in vivo. Constitutively active I-1 gene transfer decreased neointimal formation in an angioplasty rat model by preventing vascular smooth muscle cell contractile to synthetic phenotype change. CONCLUSIONS I-1 and sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -ATPase synergistically induce the vascular smooth muscle cell contractile phenotype. Gene transfer of constitutively active I-1 is a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing vascular proliferative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Lipskaia
- Cardiovascular Research Center. Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (L. Lipskaia, J.C., I.C.T., D.J., I.K., A.S.R., L. Liang, S.T.T., J.C.K., R.J.H.., L.H.); INSERM UMRS 956, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France (L. Lipskaia, E.M., F.A., A.-M.L.); LIA/Transatlantic Cardiovascular Research Center, Université Pierre et Marie Curie/Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (L. Lipskaia, J.C., I.C.T., E.M., D.J., I.K., L. Liang, F.A., A.-M.L., S.T.T., J.C.K., R.J.H., L.H.); INSERM U770, University Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France (R.B., J.J.L.); PECMV-Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris, Paris, France (N.M.); and University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH (E.K.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Affiliation(s)
- Domenick A Prosdocimo
- Case Cardiovascular Research Institute, Department of Medicine, Harrington-McLaughlin Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH (D.A.P., M.K.J.); Penn Cardiovascular Institute, Departments of Medicine, and Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (R.J.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are remarkably plastic. Their reversible differentiation is required for growth and wound healing but also contributes to pathologies such as atherosclerosis and restenosis. Although key regulators of the SMC phenotype, including myocardin (MYOCD) and KLF4, have been identified, a unifying epigenetic mechanism that confers reversible SMC differentiation has not been reported. METHODS AND RESULTS Using human SMCs, human arterial tissue, and mouse models, we report that SMC plasticity is governed by the DNA-modifying enzyme ten-eleven translocation-2 (TET2). TET2 and its product, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), are enriched in contractile SMCs but reduced in dedifferentiated SMCs. TET2 knockdown inhibits expression of key procontractile genes, including MYOCD and SRF, with concomitant transcriptional upregulation of KLF4. TET2 knockdown prevents rapamycin-induced SMC differentiation, whereas TET2 overexpression is sufficient to induce a contractile phenotype. TET2 overexpression also induces SMC gene expression in fibroblasts. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrates that TET2 coordinately regulates phenotypic modulation through opposing effects on chromatin accessibility at the promoters of procontractile versus dedifferentiation-associated genes. Notably, we find that TET2 binds and 5-hmC is enriched in CArG-rich regions of active SMC contractile promoters (MYOCD, SRF, and MYH11). Loss of TET2 and 5-hmC positively correlates with the degree of injury in murine models of vascular injury and human atherosclerotic disease. Importantly, localized TET2 knockdown exacerbates injury response, and local TET2 overexpression restores the 5-hmC epigenetic landscape and contractile gene expression and greatly attenuates intimal hyperplasia in vivo. CONCLUSIONS We identify TET2 as a novel and necessary master epigenetic regulator of SMC differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renjing Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine (R.L., Y.J., W.T., X.Z., J.H., J.Y., K.A.M.), Department of Surgery (Cardiac Surgery) (L.Q., G.T.), and Department of Pharmacology (K.A.M.), Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Perisic L, Hedin E, Razuvaev A, Lengquist M, Osterholm C, Folkersen L, Gillgren P, Paulsson-Berne G, Ponten F, Odeberg J, Hedin U. Profiling of atherosclerotic lesions by gene and tissue microarrays reveals PCSK6 as a novel protease in unstable carotid atherosclerosis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2432-43. [PMID: 23908247 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.301743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carotid plaque instability is a major cause of ischemic stroke, but detailed knowledge about underlying molecular pathways is still lacking. Here, we evaluated large-scale transcriptomic and protein expression profiling in a biobank of carotid endarterectomies followed by characterization of identified candidates, as a platform for discovery of novel proteins differentially regulated in unstable carotid lesions. APPROACH AND RESULTS Genes highly upregulated in symptomatic versus asymptomatic plaques were selected from Affymetrix microarray analyses (n=127 plaques), and tissue microarrays constructed from 34 lesions were assayed for 21 corresponding proteins by immunohistochemistry. Quantification of stainings demonstrated differential expression of CD36, CD137, and DOCK7 (P<0.05) in unstable versus stable lesions and the most significant upregulation of a proprotein convertase, PCSK6 (P<0.0001). Increased expression of PCSK6 in symptomatic lesions was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (n=233), and the protein was localized to smooth muscle α-actin positive cells and extracellular matrix of the fibrous cap by immunohistochemistry. PCSK6 expression positively correlated to genes associated with inflammation, matrix degradation, and mitogens in microarrays. Stimulation of human carotid smooth muscle cells in vitro with cytokines caused rapid induction of PCSK6 mRNA. CONCLUSIONS Using a combination of transcriptomic and tissue microarray profiling, we demonstrate a novel approach to identify proteins differentially expressed in unstable carotid atherosclerosis. The proprotein convertase PCSK6 was detected at increased levels in the fibrous cap of symptomatic carotid plaques, possibly associated with key processes in plaque rupture such as inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of PCSK6 in atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ljubica Perisic
- From the Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery (L.P., E.H., A.R., M.L., C.O., U.H.), and Department of Medicine (G.P.-B., J.O.), Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Molecular Genetics, Novo Nordisk, Copenhagen, Denmark (L.F.); Department of Surgery, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden (P.G.); Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden (F.P.); and Department of Proteomics, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden (J.O.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Talasila A, Yu H, Ackers-Johnson M, Bot M, van Berkel T, Bennett MR, Bot I, Sinha S. Myocardin regulates vascular response to injury through miR-24/-29a and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2355-65. [PMID: 23825366 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.301000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Myocardin, a potent transcriptional coactivator of serum response factor, is involved in vascular development and promotes a contractile smooth muscle phenotype. Myocardin levels are reduced during vascular injury, in association with phenotypic switching of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). However, the direct role of myocardin in vascular disease is unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS We show that re-expression of myocardin prevents the vascular injury response in murine carotid arteries, with reduced neointima formation due to decreased SMC migration and proliferation. Myocardin reduced SMC migration by downregulating platelet-derived growth factor receptor-β (PDGFRB) expression. Pdgfrb was regulated by myocardin-induced miR-24 and miR-29a expression, and antagonizing these microRNAs restored SMC migration. Furthermore, using miR-24 and miR-29a mimics, we demonstrated that miR-29a directly regulates Pdgfrb expression at the 3' untranslated region while miR-24 has an indirect effect on Pdgfrb levels. Myocardin heterozygous-null mice showed an augmented neointima formation with increased SMC migration and proliferation, demonstrating that endogenous levels of myocardin are a critical regulator of vessel injury responses. CONCLUSIONS Our results extend the function of myocardin from a developmental role to a pivotal regulator of SMC phenotype in response to injury, and this transcriptional coactivator may be an attractive target for novel therapeutic strategies in vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amarnath Talasila
- From the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom (A.T., H.Y., M.A.-J., M.R.B., S.S.); and Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden/Amsterdam Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Einsteinweg, Leiden, The Netherlands (M.R.B., T.v.B., I.B.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hadri L, Kratlian RG, Benard L, Maron BA, Dorfmüller P, Ladage D, Guignabert C, Ishikawa K, Aguero J, Ibanez B, Turnbull IC, Kohlbrenner E, Liang L, Zsebo K, Humbert M, Hulot JS, Kawase Y, Hajjar RJ, Leopold JA. Therapeutic efficacy of AAV1.SERCA2a in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Circulation 2013; 128:512-23. [PMID: 23804254 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.001585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by dysregulated proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells leading to (mal)adaptive vascular remodeling. In the systemic circulation, vascular injury is associated with downregulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase 2a (SERCA2a) and alterations in Ca(2+) homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle cells that stimulate proliferation. We, therefore, hypothesized that downregulation of SERCA2a is permissive for pulmonary vascular remodeling and the development of PAH. METHODS AND RESULTS SERCA2a expression was decreased significantly in remodeled pulmonary arteries from patients with PAH and the rat monocrotaline model of PAH in comparison with controls. In human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells in vitro, SERCA2a overexpression by gene transfer decreased proliferation and migration significantly by inhibiting NFAT/STAT3. Overexpresion of SERCA2a in human pulmonary artery endothelial cells in vitro increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and activation. In monocrotaline rats with established PAH, gene transfer of SERCA2a via intratracheal delivery of aerosolized adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) carrying the human SERCA2a gene (AAV1.SERCA2a) decreased pulmonary artery pressure, vascular remodeling, right ventricular hypertrophy, and fibrosis in comparison with monocrotaline-PAH rats treated with a control AAV1 carrying β-galactosidase or saline. In a prevention protocol, aerosolized AAV1.SERCA2a delivered at the time of monocrotaline administration limited adverse hemodynamic profiles and indices of pulmonary and cardiac remodeling in comparison with rats administered AAV1 carrying β-galactosidase or saline. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of SERCA2a plays a critical role in modulating the vascular and right ventricular pathophenotype associated with PAH. Selective pulmonary SERCA2a gene transfer may offer benefit as a therapeutic intervention in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lahouaria Hadri
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Box 1030, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1470 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Thunemann M, Wen L, Hillenbrand M, Vachaviolos A, Feil S, Ott T, Han X, Fukumura D, Jain RK, Russwurm M, de Wit C, Feil R. Transgenic mice for cGMP imaging. Circ Res 2013; 113:365-71. [PMID: 23801067 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.113.301063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Cyclic GMP (cGMP) is an important intracellular signaling molecule in the cardiovascular system, but its spatiotemporal dynamics in vivo is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE To generate and characterize transgenic mice expressing the fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based ratiometric cGMP sensor, cGMP indicator with an EC50 of 500 nmol/L (cGi500), in cardiovascular tissues. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse lines with smooth muscle-specific or ubiquitous expression of cGi500 were generated by random transgenesis using an SM22α promoter fragment or by targeted integration of a Cre recombinase-activatable expression cassette driven by the cytomegalovirus early enhancer/chicken β-actin/β-globin promoter into the Rosa26 locus, respectively. Primary smooth muscle cells isolated from aorta, bladder, and colon of cGi500 mice showed strong sensor fluorescence. Basal cGMP concentrations were < 100 nmol/L, whereas stimulation with cGMP-elevating agents such as 2-(N,N-diethylamino)-diazenolate-2-oxide diethylammonium salt (DEA/NO) or the natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide, and C-type natriuretic peptide evoked fluorescence resonance energy transfer changes corresponding to cGMP peak concentrations of ≈ 3 µmol/L. However, different types of smooth muscle cells had different sensitivities of their cGMP responses to DEA/NO, atrial natriuretic peptide, and C-type natriuretic peptide. Robust nitric oxide-induced cGMP transients with peak concentrations of ≈ 1 to > 3 µmol/L could also be monitored in blood vessels of the isolated retina and in the cremaster microcirculation of anesthetized mice. Moreover, with the use of a dorsal skinfold chamber model and multiphoton fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy, nitric oxide-stimulated vascular cGMP signals associated with vasodilation were detected in vivo in an acutely untouched preparation. CONCLUSIONS These cGi500 transgenic mice permit the visualization of cardiovascular cGMP signals in live cells, tissues, and mice under normal and pathological conditions or during pharmacotherapy with cGMP-elevating drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thunemann
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Villa-Bellosta R, Rivera-Torres J, Osorio FG, Acín-Pérez R, Enriquez JA, López-Otín C, Andrés V. Defective extracellular pyrophosphate metabolism promotes vascular calcification in a mouse model of Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome that is ameliorated on pyrophosphate treatment. Circulation 2013; 127:2442-51. [PMID: 23690466 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.000571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progerin is a mutant form of lamin A responsible for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS), a premature aging disorder characterized by excessive atherosclerosis and vascular calcification that leads to premature death, predominantly of myocardial infarction or stroke. The goal of this study was to investigate mechanisms that cause excessive vascular calcification in HGPS. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed expression and functional studies in wild-type mice and knock-in Lmna(G609G/+) mice expressing progerin, which mimic the main clinical manifestations of HGPS. Lmna(G609G/+) mice showed excessive aortic calcification, and primary aortic vascular smooth muscle cells from these progeroid animals had an impaired capacity to inhibit vascular calcification. This defect in progerin-expressing vascular smooth muscle cells is associated with increased expression and activity of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase and mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to reduced ATP synthesis. Accordingly, Lmna(G609G/+) vascular smooth muscle cells are defective for the production and extracellular accumulation of pyrophosphate, a major inhibitor of vascular calcification. We also found increased alkaline phosphatase activity and reduced ATP and pyrophosphate levels in plasma of Lmna(G609G/+) mice without changes in phosphorus and calcium. Treatment with pyrophosphate inhibited vascular calcification in progeroid mice. CONCLUSIONS Excessive vascular calcification in Lmna(G609G) mice is caused by reduced extracellular accumulation of pyrophosphate that results from increased tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase activity and diminished ATP availability caused by mitochondrial dysfunction in vascular smooth muscle cells. Excessive calcification is ameliorated on pyrophosphate treatment. These findings reveal a previously undefined pathogenic process in HGPS that may also contribute to vascular calcification in normal aging, because progerin progressively accumulates in the vascular tissue of individuals without HGPS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Villa-Bellosta
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Owen MK, Witzmann FA, McKenney ML, Lai X, Berwick ZC, Moberly SP, Alloosh M, Sturek M, Tune JD. Perivascular adipose tissue potentiates contraction of coronary vascular smooth muscle: influence of obesity. Circulation 2013; 128:9-18. [PMID: 23685742 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.112.001238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This investigation examined the mechanisms by which coronary perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT)-derived factors influence vasomotor tone and the PVAT proteome in lean versus obese swine. METHODS AND RESULTS Coronary arteries from Ossabaw swine were isolated for isometric tension studies. We found that coronary (P=0.03) and mesenteric (P=0.04) but not subcutaneous adipose tissue augmented coronary contractions to KCl (20 mmol/L). Inhibition of CaV1.2 channels with nifedipine (0.1 µmol/L) or diltiazem (10 µmol/L) abolished this effect. Coronary PVAT increased baseline tension and potentiated constriction of isolated arteries to prostaglandin F2α in proportion to the amount of PVAT present (0.1-1.0 g). These effects were elevated in tissues obtained from obese swine and were observed in intact and endothelium denuded arteries. Coronary PVAT also diminished H2O2-mediated vasodilation in lean and, to a lesser extent, in obese arteries. These effects were associated with alterations in the obese coronary PVAT proteome (detected 186 alterations) and elevated voltage-dependent increases in intracellular [Ca(2+)] in obese smooth muscle cells. Further studies revealed that the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil (1 µmol/L) significantly blunted artery contractions to KCl and PVAT in lean but not obese swine. Calpastatin (10 μmol/L) also augmented contractions to levels similar to that observed in the presence of PVAT. CONCLUSIONS Vascular effects of PVAT vary according to anatomic location and are influenced by an obese phenotype. Augmented contractile effects of obese coronary PVAT are related to alterations in the PVAT proteome (eg, calpastatin), Rho-dependent signaling, and the functional contribution of K(+) and CaV1.2 channels to smooth muscle tone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meredith Kohr Owen
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tang Y, Boucher JM, Liaw L. Histone deacetylase activity selectively regulates notch-mediated smooth muscle differentiation in human vascular cells. J Am Heart Assoc 2012; 1:e000901. [PMID: 23130137 PMCID: PMC3487326 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.112.000901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Histone deacetylases (HDACs) modify smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and affect neointimal lesion formation by regulating cell cycle progression. HDACs might also regulate SMC differentiation, although this is not as well characterized. Methods and Results Notch signaling activates SMC contractile markers and the differentiated phenotype in human aortic SMCs. Using this model, we found that HDAC inhibition antagonized the ability of Notch to increase levels of smooth muscle α-actin, calponin1, smooth muscle 22α, and smooth muscle myosin heavy chain. However, inhibition of HDAC activity did not suppress Notch activation of the HRT target genes. In fact, HDAC inhibition increased activation of the canonical C-promoter binding factor-1 (CBF-1)–mediated Notch pathway, which activates HRT transcription. Although CBF-1–mediated Notch signaling was increased by HDAC inhibition in human SMCs and in a C3H10T1/2 model, SMC differentiation was inhibited in both cases. Further characterization of downstream Notch signaling pathways showed activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and PI3K/Akt pathways. The activation of these pathways was sensitive to HDAC inhibition and was positively correlated with the differentiated phenotype. Conclusions Our studies define novel signaling pathways downstream of Notch signaling in human SMCs. In addition to the canonical CBF-1 pathway, Notch stimulates c-Jun N-terminal kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and PI3K cascades. Both canonical and noncanonical pathways downstream of Notch promote a differentiated, contractile phenotype in SMCs. Although CBF-1–mediated Notch signaling is not suppressed by HDAC inhibition, HDAC activity is required for Notch differentiation signals through mitogen-activated protein kinase and PI3K pathways in SMCs. (J Am Heart Assoc. 2012;1:e000901 doi: 10.1161/JAHA.112.000901)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuefeng Tang
- Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute Scarborough, ME
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
This study was designed to identify and characterize Na+-activated K+ current (I(K(Na))) in guinea pig gastric myocytes under whole-cell patch clamp. After whole-cell configuration was established under 110 mM intracellular Na+ concentration ([Na+]i) at holding potential of -60 mV, a large inward current was produced by external 60 mM K+([K+]degrees). This inward current was not affected by removal of external Ca2+. K+ channel blockers had little effects on the current (p>0.05). Only TEA (5 mM) inhibited steady-state current to 68+/-2.7% of the control (p<0.05). In the presence of K+ channel blocker cocktail (mixture of Ba2+, glibenclamide, 4-AP, apamin, quinidine and TEA), a large inward current was activated. However, the amplitude of the steady-state current produced under [K+]degrees (140 mM) was significantly smaller when Na+ in pipette solution was replaced with K+- and Li+ in the presence of K+ channel blocker cocktail than under 110 mM [Na+]i. In the presence of K+ channel blocker cocktail under low Cl- pipette solution, this current was still activated and seemed K+-selective, since reversal potentials (E(rev)) of various concentrations of [K+]degrees-induced current in current/voltage (I/V) relationship were nearly identical to expected values. R-56865 (10-20 microM), a blocker of I(K(Na)), completely and reversibly inhibited this current. The characteristics of the current coincide with those of I(K(Na)) of other cells. Our results indicate the presence of I(K(Na)) in guinea pig gastric myocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Chul Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Kim YC, Sim JH, Kim YH, Kwon SC, Lee SJ, Kim SR, Kim DW, Park SM, Youn SJ, Lee SJ, Xing DG, Xu WX, Kim KW. Effects of polyamines on contractility of guinea-pig gastric smooth muscle. J Korean Med Sci 2007; 22:48-56. [PMID: 17297251 PMCID: PMC2693568 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2007.22.1.48] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of polyamines on mechanical contraction and voltage-dependent calcium current (VDCC) of guinea-pig gastric smooth muscle. Mechanical contraction and calcium channel current I(Ba) were recorded by isometric tension recording and whole-cell patch clamp technique. Spermine, spermidine and putrescine inhibited spontaneous contraction of the gastric smooth muscle in a concentration-dependent manner. Spermine (2 mM) reduced high K+ (50 mM)-induced contraction to 16+/-6.4% of the control (n=9), and significantly inhibited I(Ba) in a reversible manner (p<0.05; IC50=0.8 mM). Pre- and post-treatment of tissue with spermine (2-5 mM, n=10) also inhibited acetylcholine (10 microM)-induced phasic contraction to 5+/-6.4% of the control. Inhibitory effect of spermine on I(Ba) was observed at a wide range of test potentials of current/voltage (I/V) relationship (p<0.05), and steady-state activation of I(Ba) was shifted to the right by spermine (p<0.05). Spermidine and putrescine (1 mM each) also inhibited I(Ba) to 51+/-5.7% and 81+/-5.3% of the control, respectively. And putrescine (1 mM) inhibited I(Ba) at whole tested potentials (p<0.05) without significant change of kinetics (p<0.05). Finally, 5 mM putrescine also inhibited high K+-induced contraction to 53+/-7.1% of the control (n=4). These findings suggest that polyamines inhibit contractions of guinea-pig gastric smooth muscle via inhibition of VDCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Chul Kim
- Department of Physiology, Chungbuk National University, College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Taylor AM, Li F, Thimmalapura P, Gerrity RG, Sarembock IJ, Forrest S, Rutherford S, McNamara CA. Hyperlipemia and oxidation of LDL induce vascular smooth muscle cell growth: an effect mediated by the HLH factor Id3. J Vasc Res 2005; 43:123-30. [PMID: 16340216 PMCID: PMC2929384 DOI: 10.1159/000090131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2005] [Accepted: 09/06/2005] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipemia and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) are important independent cardiovascular risk factors. Ox-LDL has been shown to stimulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. However, the effects of hyperlipemia and the molecular mechanisms mediating hyperlipemia and ox-LDL effects on VSMC growth are poorly understood. The helix-loop-helix (HLH) transcription factor, Id3, is a redox-sensitive gene expressed in VSMC in response to mitogen stimulation and vascular injury. Accordingly, we hypothesize that Id3 is an important mediator of ox-LDL and hyperlipemia-induced VSMC growth. Aortas harvested from hyperlipemic pigs demonstrated significantly more Id3 than normolipemic controls. Primary VSMC were stimulated with ox-LDL, native LDL, sera from hyperlipemic pigs, or normolipemic pigs. VSMC exposed to hyperlipemic sera demonstrated increased Id3 expression, VSMC growth and S-phase entry and decreased p21cip1 expression and transcription. Cells stimulated with ox-LDL demonstrated similar findings of increased growth and Id3 expression and decreased p21cip1 expression. Moreover, the effects of ox-LDL on growth were abolished in cells devoid of the Id3 gene. Results provide evidence that the HLH factor Id3 mediates the mitogenic effect of hyperlipemic sera and ox-LDL in VSMC via inhibition of p21cip1 expression, subsequently increasing DNA synthesis and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Taylor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, and the Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, and the Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Pushpa Thimmalapura
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, and the Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Ross G. Gerrity
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Ga., USA
| | - Ian J. Sarembock
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, and the Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Scott Forrest
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, and the Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Sarah Rutherford
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, and the Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va
| | - Coleen A. McNamara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, and the Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Va
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zheng TZ, Li W, Qu SY, Ma YM, Ding YH, Wei YL. Effects of Dangshen on isolated gastric muscle strips in rats. World J Gastroenterol 1998; 4:354-356. [PMID: 11819319 PMCID: PMC4761560 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v4.i4.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/1998] [Revised: 04/13/1998] [Accepted: 05/09/1998] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM:To study the effects of Dangshen dried root of Codonopsis Pilosula (Franch) Nannf on contractile activity of isolated gastric muscle strips in rats and its possible mechanism involved.METHODS:Each isolated gastric muscle strip was put in a tissue chamber containing 5ml Krebs solution, constantly warmed by water jacket at 37?mgr; and supplied with a mixed gas of 95% O(2) and 5% CO(2). After incubating for 1h with 1g tension, Dangshen of varied concentration was added cumulatively in the tissue chamber at intervals of 2 minutes. The isometrical response was measured on ink-writing recorders.RESULTS:Dangshen dose dependence increased the resting tension of longitudinal muscle (LM) of fundus (r =0.96, P < 0.01), the mean contractile amplitude of circular muscle (CM) of the stomach body (r =0.87, P < 0.05) and CM of antrum (r =0.98, P < 0.01), and the motility index CM of pylorus(r =0.87, P < 0.05). Atropine (5 10( 8)mol/L) or Hexamethonium (10( 5)mol/L) or Indomethacin (5 10( 7)mol/L) was given 2 minutes before the administration of Dangshen, it did not abolish its dose related manner. Atropine apparently reduced the increasing action of 10% and 30% Dangshen on the resting tesion of LM of fundus (P < 0.05), 30%, 100% and 200% Dangshen on bodied strips (P < 0.05), 100% and 200% Dangshen on antral strips (P < 0.05).Hexamethonium reduced the increasing action of 10% and 30% Dangshen on the resting tesion of LM of fundus (P < 0.05 and P < 0.05), 30%, 100% and 200% Dangshen on bodied strips (P < 0.05), and 100% and 200% Dangshen on pyloric strips (P < 0.05). Indomethacin inhibited the effect of 10% Dangshen on the resting tesion of LM of fundus (P < 0.05), but did not affect the exciting action of Dangshen on strips of body, antrum and pylorus.CONCLUSION:The results showed that Dangshen possessed exciting action on the isolated gastric smooth muscle strips of the rat.The exciting action of Dangshen was partially mediated via cholinergic M and N receptors.
Collapse
|