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de Souza Viana LM, Pestana IA, Tostes ECL, Constantino WD, Luze FHR, de Barros Salomão MSM, de Jesus TB, de Carvalho CEV. Understanding seasonal variations in As and Pb river fluxes and their regulatory mechanisms through monitoring data. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2024; 196:333. [PMID: 38430282 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-024-12469-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
The Doce River Basin (DRB) suffers with the adverse impacts of mining activities, due to its high level of urbanization and numerous industrial operations. In this study, we present novel insights into contaminant flow dynamics, seasonal variations, and the primary factors driving concentration levels within the region. We conducted an extensive analysis using a database sourced from the literature, which contained data on the contamination of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) in the Doce River. Our primary aim was to investigate the patterns of As and Pb flow throughout the entire basin, their response to seasonal fluctuations, and the key parameters influencing their concentration levels. The results showed significant seasonal fluctuations in As and Pb fluxes, peaking during the rainy season. The 2015 Fundão dam breach in the DRB led to notable changes, elevating elemental concentrations, particularly As and Pb, which were subsequently transported to the Atlantic Ocean. These increased concentrations were primarily associated with iron and manganese oxides, hydroxides, and sulfates, rather than precipitation, as evidenced by regressions with low R2 values for both As (R2 = 0.07) and Pb (R2 < 0.001), concerning precipitation. The PCA analysis further supports the connection between these elements and the oxides and hydroxides of Fe and Mn. The approach employed in this study has proven to be highly effective in comprehending biogeochemical phenomena by leveraging data from the literature and could be a model for optimizing resources by capitalizing on existing information to provide valuable insights for drainage basin management, particularly during crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Maria de Souza Viana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Inácio Abreu Pestana
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eloá Corrêa Lessa Tostes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wendel Dias Constantino
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Felipe Henrique Rossi Luze
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Sarmet Moreira de Barros Salomão
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taíse Bomfim de Jesus
- Departamento de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Veiga de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Recursos Naturais, Laboratório de Ciências Ambientais, Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 - Parque Califórnia - CEP: 28013-602, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Xiao Z, Duan C, Li S, Chen J, Peng C, Che R, Liu C, Huang Y, Mei R, Xu L, Luo P, Yu Y. The microbial mechanisms by which long-term heavy metal contamination affects soil organic carbon levels. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 340:139770. [PMID: 37562505 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Globally, reducing carbon emissions and mitigating soil heavy metal pollution pose pressing challenges. We evaluated the effects of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) contamination in the field over 20 years. The five treatment groups featured Pb concentrations of 40 and 250 mg/kg, Cd concentrations of 10 and 60 mg/kg, and a combination of Pb and Cd (60 and 20 mg/kg, respectively); we also included a pollution-free control group. After 20 years, soil pH decreased notably in all treatments, particularly by 1.02 in Cd10-treated soil. In addition to the increase of SOC in Cd10 and unchanged in Pb40 treatment, the SOC was reduced by 9.62%-12.98% under the other treatments. The α diversities of bacteria and fungi were significantly changed by Cd10 pollution (both p < 0.05) and the microbial community structure changed significantly. However, there were no significant changes in bacterial and fungal communities under other treatments. Cd10 pollution reduced the numbers of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota fungi, and enhanced SOC accumulation. Compared to the control, long-term heavy Cd, Pb, and Pb-Cd composite pollution caused SOC loss by increasing Basidiomycota which promoting carbon degradation, and decreasing Proteobacteria which promoting carbon fixation via the Krebs cycle. Our findings demonstrate that heavy metal pollution mediates Carbon-cycling microorganisms and genes, impacting SOC storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhineng Xiao
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Changqun Duan
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Shiyu Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China; Hangzhou Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Research Center, Business School, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou, 310015, China.
| | - Ji Chen
- Department of Agroecology & Aarhus University Centre for Circular Bioeconomy, Aarhus University, 8830, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Changhui Peng
- Institute of Environment Sciences, Department of Biology Sciences, University of Quebec at Montreal, Case Postale 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montreal, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Rongxiao Che
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Chang'e Liu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Yin Huang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Runran Mei
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Liangliang Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Pengfei Luo
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
| | - Yadong Yu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments & Yunnan International Joint Research Center of Plateau Lake Ecological Restoration and Watershed Management, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China
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Qiao Y, Hou H, Chen L, Wang H, Jeyakumar P, Lu Y, Cao L, Zhao L, Han D. Comparison of Pb and Cd in wheat grains under air-soil-wheat system near lead-zinc smelters and total suspended particulate introduced modeling attempt. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 839:156290. [PMID: 35644402 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The excessive accumulation of wheat grain metals and metalloids caused by ambient air contamination has drawn an increasing concern. However, at present, the differences in the pathways of cadmium and lead accumulation in wheat grains in an air-soil-wheat system are not clear. In this study, wheat was grown around a lead‑zinc smelting area and exposed to different soil Pb and Cd levels and different ambient air Pb and Cd levels. Lead and Cd accumulation in wheat grains was examined in this study. Two models of wheat grain Pb and Cd concentrations were established based on the 3 variables including soil Pb and Cd concentration, ambient air Pb and Cd concentration, and soil pH. The results showed that total suspended particulate (TSP), soil, and wheat grains exhibited different degrees of Pb and Cd contamination in the study area, and the contamination of Cd is more serious than Pb contamination. The Pb in wheat grains was more likely to derive from ambient air than from soil, whereas the impact of ambient air on the accumulation of Cd in wheat grains might be very limited. This speculation was confirmed by the results of the predictor variable relative weight method based on the multiple regression analysis. Introduction of ambient air factor (TSP Pb and Cd) greatly improved the modeling effect of wheat grains Pb, while the modeling of grain Cd was more dependent on soil pH and total soil Cd. This research suggests that the reduction in wheat grain Pb is likely to be achieved by the control over ambient air Pb, whereas the reduction in the wheat grain Cd by the remediation of soil pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Qiao
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Hong Hou
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| | - Ligen Chen
- College of Resource and Environment, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, China
| | - Paramsothy Jeyakumar
- Environmental Sciences Group, School of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - Yifu Lu
- Institute of Environmental Science of Jiyuan City, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Liu Cao
- Institute of Environmental Science of Jiyuan City, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Long Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Dongjin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environment Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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Abstract
Mine waste can constitute an environmental hazard, especially when poorly managed. Environmental assessment is essential for estimating potential threats and optimizing mine waste management. This study evaluated the potential environmental risk of sulfidic mine waste samples originating from the Neves Corvo Mine, Portugal, and the closed Freiberg mining district, Germany. Metal(loid)s in the waste samples were partitioned into seven operationally defined fractions using the Zeien and Brummer sequential extraction scheme. The results showed similar partitioning patterns for the elements in the waste rock and tailing samples from Neves Corvo Mine; most metal(loid)s showed lower mobility, as they were mainly residual-bound. On the contrary, the Freiberg tailing sample had considerably elevated (24–37%) mobile fractions of Zn, Co, Cd, and Mn. The majority of Fe (83–96%) in all samples was retained in the residual fractions, while Ca was highly mobile. Overall, Pb was the most mobile toxic element in the three samples. A large portion of Pb (32–57%) was predominantly found in the most mobilizable fractions of the studied waste samples. This study revealed that the three mine wastes have contamination potential for Pb and Zn, which can be easily released into the environment from these waste sources.
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Zhou L, Zhu X, Chi T, Liu B, Du C, Yu G, Wu H, Chen H. Reutilization of manganese enriched biochar derived from Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. residue after phytoremediation for lead and tetracycline removal. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126546. [PMID: 34906706 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the chemical form variation of Mn in Phytolacca acinosa Roxb. residue under different pyrolysis temperatures and its contribution to decontamination efficacy of lead (Pb(II)) and tetracycline (TC). The results illuminated that pyrolysis temperature is a crucial factor of fraction and bioavailability of Mn and other heavy metals in the resultant biochar and pyrolysis temperature under 450 °C may be most suitable for reutilization without potential risk. The Mn-enriched phytolaccaceae biochar (PSB450) exhibited more preferential sorption toward Pb(II) (279.33 mg/g) and TC (47.51 mg/g) than pristine phytolaccaceae biochar in the single system, mainly due to the formation of MnOx and Mn minerals via pyrolysis. Binary adsorption showed that Pb(II) would serve as a bridge between PSB450 and TC by complexation within a limited concentration range, thus facilitating their joint decontamination. This study provided an efficient alternative approach for reutilization of Mn-contaminated biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhou
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Xiaofang Zhu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Tianying Chi
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Bei Liu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Chunyan Du
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Guanlong Yu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Haipeng Wu
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China
| | - Hong Chen
- School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, PR China; Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha 410114, PR China.
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Đurđić S, Stanković V, Ražić S, Mutić J. Lead isotope ratios as tool for elucidation of chemical environment in a system of Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer - soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:59003-59014. [PMID: 32048191 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-07947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of isotope ratios of lead in the mushrooms and soil, where they were grown, assisted with a principal component analysis, offered a new perspective for understanding possible chemical environment in a real setup of those compartments. The content of lead and its isotope compositions were determined in soil samples and mushroom Macrolepiota procera from unpolluted area of Mountain Goč, Serbia. Sequential extraction procedure based on the Commission of the European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) was applied on soil samples in order to determine the distribution of lead in the labile and un-labile fractions of the soil. Caps and stipes of mushrooms were subjected to microwave acid-assisted digestion prior to measurements by inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometer for determination of lead content and lead isotope ratios. Information about the chemical fractionation of Pb in soil, Pb isotopic data from soil fractions and fruiting bodies allowed a more detailed insight on the uptake mechanisms. Lead was predominantly associated with reducible fraction (~ 60%). Only its small portion (∼ 1%) was present in the exchangeable and acid-extractable fractions suggesting the low mobility of Pb. Lead isotope analysis revealed the presence of anthropogenic lead in the surface soil. Significant lower 206Pb/207Pb compared with other fractions was found in exchangeable and acid-soluble fraction (1.331 ± 0.010), which corresponds to the isotope ratio of European gasoline. The highest 206Pb/207Pb ratio was observed in reducible fraction (1.162 ± 0.007), while in oxidizable and residual fraction, those values were similar (1.159 ± 0.006 and 1.159 ± 0.004, respectively). Distinction of exchangeable and acid-extractable fractions from others was also confirmed, for the first time, by principal component analysis. The analysis of four isotope ratios (206Pb/207Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 206Pb/204Pb, and 207Pb/204Pb) indicated that the analyzed M. procera accumulates lead from the first two fractions of topsoil layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slađana Đurđić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Vesna Stanković
- Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Njegoševa 12, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Slavica Ražić
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, 11221, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Mutić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
- Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon, South Korea.
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Mishra A, Pervez S, Candeias C, Verma M, Bano S, Dugga P, Verma SR, Tamrakar A, Shafi S, Pervez YF, Gupta V. Bioaccessiblity features of particulate bound toxic elements: Review of extraction approaches, concentrations and health risks. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2021.100212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Barcelos DA, Pontes FVM, da Silva FANG, Castro DC, Dos Anjos NOA, Castilhos ZC. Gold mining tailing: Environmental availability of metals and human health risk assessment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 397:122721. [PMID: 32473498 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The gold ore from sulfide minerals is, in general, ore dressed by means of nine stages among which stand out flotation and cyanidation. The residues of these steps, containing potentially toxic elements, such as As, Cd, Cr, Mn, Zn and Pb disposed of tailings dams, which might be a source of environmental contamination if not suitably disposed and/or in cases of accidents and overflows. Sequential extraction schemes (SES) have been used to estimate the potential environmental availability of contaminants from environmental matrices and, lately, from residues. This research evaluates the environmental availability of As, Cr, Cd, Mn, Pb, and Zn, by using two different SES, Tessier and Marin (BCR) in cyanidation residues. The analytes were quantified by inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). A human health risk assessment was performed considering a scenario of soil contamination by the tailing after failure dam, based on the potential environment availability of metals, resulted from distinct SES studied. The results showed that Mn and Pb are the most labile, and therefore the most dangerous and bioavailable for the surrounding environment (≥75%). Moreover, the scenario simulated demonstrated the risk for human health mostly due to As, Cd and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Barcelos
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IQ/UFRJ), Avenue Athos da Silveira Ramos, nº 149, Block A, 7th floor, Technology Center, University City, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, (CEP): 21941-909, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda V M Pontes
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IQ/UFRJ), Avenue Athos da Silveira Ramos, nº 149, Block A, 7th floor, Technology Center, University City, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, (CEP): 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Fernanda A N G da Silva
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IQ/UFRJ), Avenue Athos da Silveira Ramos, nº 149, Block A, 7th floor, Technology Center, University City, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, (CEP): 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Danielle C Castro
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IQ/UFRJ), Avenue Athos da Silveira Ramos, nº 149, Block A, 7th floor, Technology Center, University City, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, (CEP): 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Nathalia O A Dos Anjos
- Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (IQ/UFRJ), Avenue Athos da Silveira Ramos, nº 149, Block A, 7th floor, Technology Center, University City, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, (CEP): 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Zuleica C Castilhos
- Center of Mineral Technology (CETEM), Avenue Pedro Calmon, 900 - University City, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, (CEP): 21941-908, Brazil
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Joy A, Anoop PP, Rajesh R, Mathew J, Mathew A, Gopinath A. Geochemical fractionation of trace elements in the coral reef sediments of the Lakshadweep Archipelago, Indian Ocean. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2020; 158:111409. [PMID: 32753193 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Geochemical fractionation of seven trace elements (Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb) was investigated in the surficial coral reef sediments of three inhabited islands (Kavaratti, Kadmat, and Agatti) belonging to the Lakshadweep Archipelago. The observations indicated that the metals showed their highest contents in the residual fraction of geological origin. The extent of risk, bioavailability, and contamination of trace elements was assessed by risk assessment codes and contamination factors. Based on the results, medium potential adverse effects were observed in the sediments of Kavaratti and Agatti. The concentration of Cd in the exchangeable and carbonate-bound fractions was above its global average shale value in the sediments of Kavaratti and Agatti, suggesting its high mobility and bioavailability and thus an environmental threat to the coral reef ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Joy
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - P P Anoop
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - R Rajesh
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - Jose Mathew
- Department of Chemistry and Research Centre, St Albert's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - Angel Mathew
- Department of Statistics, Maharaja's College, Ernakulam, India
| | - Anu Gopinath
- Department of Aquatic Environment Management, Kerala University of Fisheries and Ocean Studies, Kochi, India.
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Liu B, Huang Q, Su Y, Sun L, Wu T, Wang G, Kelly RM. Rice busk biochar treatment to cobalt-polluted fluvo-aquic soil: speciation and enzyme activities. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2019; 28:1220-1231. [PMID: 31720910 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-019-02134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Rice busk biochar was mixed with cobalt (Co)-polluted soil to examine the efficacy of biochar for Co immobilization and detoxification in fluvo-aquic soil. The Co speciation (modified BCR sequential extraction), fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis and soil enzyme activities were investigated. In soil, the Co ions (acid-soluble fraction) could be uptake by biochar due to the microporous structure on the surface, as well as the oxygen-containing functional groups and conjugated structure in the molecular structure. Therefore, when the biochar concentration was lower than the optimum concentration (~6 g·kg-1), there was transformation of Co from the acid-soluble fraction to the oxidizable fraction, resulting in lower environmental risk. However, if the biochar concentration continued increasing, the distribution coefficient of Co in the acid-soluble fraction increased (P < 0.05). The biochar could also reduce the toxicity of Co, resulting in the negative correlations between soil enzyme activities (FDA hydrolysis, urease and alkaline phosphatases) and Co in the acid-soluble fraction (r = -0.816, -0.928 and -0.908, respectively, P < 0.01). When the biochar concentration ranged from 5.83 to 6.76 g·kg-1, the efficacy for Co immobilization and detoxification reached the maxima. To conclude, in fluvo-aquic soil, rice busk biochar is an effective amendment for immobilizing Co ions and reducing the toxicity of Co. The biochar concentration in soil should range from 5.83 to 6.76 g·kg-1 to reach the optimum efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borui Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuefeng Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Liuye Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Guange Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Ryan M Kelly
- Rykell Scientific Editorial, LLC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Liu B, Huang Q, Su Y, Xue Q, Sun L. Cobalt speciation and phytoavailability in fluvo-aquic soil under treatments of spent mushroom substrate from Pleurotus ostreatus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:7486-7496. [PMID: 30659482 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-04080-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt (Co) is a nutrient for soil microorganisms and crops, as well as a worldwide industrial pollutant. When the level of Co exceeds the acceptable limit, this heavy metal can lead to devastating consequences for soil environments. There is considerable attention and concern about elevated levels of Co contaminating soil and crops. Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is a potential amendment for the adsorption of pollutants, which has potential for resolving Co-polluted soil that spans the world. To investigate the environmental behavior and risks associated with Co in fluvo-aquic soil under specific treatments of SMS from Pleurotus ostreatus, a lab-scale pot experiment was conducted. SMS and exogenous Co were added to soil, which was retained for approximately 30 days. Pakchois (Brassica chinensis L.) were planted in the treated soil for 28 days until harvest. The Co speciation in soil (modified BCR sequential extraction) and Co accumulation in pakchoi tissue were studied. When the SMS concentration was within a range of 0 to 9 g kg-1 (total amount = 0 to 2.7 g), Co in the acid-soluble fraction was transformed to the oxidizable fraction in soil, resulting from the mesh structure on the surface of SMS, as well as the amide and carboxyl in the SMS molecular structure. In this situation, the Co accumulation levels in the pakchois decreased significantly (P < 0.05), indicating the efficacy of SMS for reducing Co phytoavailability. However, when the SMS concentration reached 12 g kg-1, the phytoavailability increased again (P < 0.05). When the SMS concentration ranged from 8.86 to 9.51 g kg-1, the Co phytoavailability in soil reached a minimum, while the biomass of pakchoi reached a maximum. Conclusively, SMS from Pleurotus ostreatus are effective for reducing the Co phytoavailability, as well as for reducing the chance of Co transferring into a human's body through crops (i.e., food consumption). In order to achieve the optimum efficacy, the SMS concentration in soil should be maintained at a range of 8.86 to 9.51 g kg-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borui Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Room 907-4, Teaching Building No. 5, 5th Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Room 907-4, Teaching Building No. 5, 5th Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yuefeng Su
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Room 907-4, Teaching Building No. 5, 5th Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qianhui Xue
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Room 907-4, Teaching Building No. 5, 5th Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liuye Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Room 907-4, Teaching Building No. 5, 5th Zhongguancun South Street, Haidian District, Beijing, 100081, China
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12
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Vukojević V, Đurđić S, Stefanović V, Trifković J, Čakmak D, Perović V, Mutić J. Scandium, yttrium, and lanthanide contents in soil from Serbia and their accumulation in the mushroom Macrolepiota procera (Scop.) Singer. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:5422-5434. [PMID: 30604363 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mobility (fractionation) of rare earth elements (REEs) and their possible impacts on ecosystems are still relatively unknown. Soil samples were collected from two sites in central Serbia, an unpolluted mountain region (site 1) and a forest near a city (site 2). In order to investigate REE fractions (acid-soluble/exchangeable, reducible, oxidizable, and residual) in soils, BCR sequential extraction was performed. Additionally, the content of REEs was also determined in stipes and caps of the mushroom Macrolepiota procera, growing in the observed sites. Sc, Y, and lanthanide contents were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and results were subjected to multivariate data analysis. Application of pattern recognition technique revealed the existence of two distinguished clusters belonging to different geographical sites and determined by greater levels of Sc, Y, and lanthanides in Goč soil compared to Trstenik soil. Additionally, PCA analysis showed that REEs in soil were concentrated in two groups: the first consisted of elements belonging to light REEs and the second contained heavy REEs. These results suggest that the distribution of REEs in soils could indicate the geographical origin and type of soil. The bioconcentration factors and translocation factors for each REE were also calculated. This study provides baseline data on the rare earth element levels in the wild edible mushroom M. procera, growing in Serbia. In terms of bioconcentration and bioexclusion concept, Sc, Y, and REEs were bioexcluded in M. procera for both studied sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Vukojević
- Innovation Center of the Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Slađana Đurđić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Violeta Stefanović
- Institute of Public Health, Kruševac, Vojvode Putnika 2, Kruševac, 37000, Serbia
| | - Jelena Trifković
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Dragan Čakmak
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Veljko Perović
- Department of Ecology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Jelena Mutić
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Belgrade-Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia.
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13
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Liu M, Chen J, Sun X, Hu Z, Fan D. Accumulation and transformation of heavy metals in surface sediments from the Yangtze River estuary to the East China Sea shelf. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 245:111-121. [PMID: 30415030 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The concentration and speciation of heavy metals (Cu, Co, Ni, Zn, Cr, Pb and Cd) were studied in surface sediment from the Yangtze River(YR)to the East China Sea (ECS) shelf. The results showed that high contents of metals were found in the YR estuary (YRE) and in the nearshore muddy area, while lower concentrations were found in the YR channel and the ECS shelf. However, after standardization, the total content of most heavy metals from the YR showed little change or slightly increased during the transport process from the river to the estuary but decreased significantly outside the estuary, especially in the sediments of the ECS shelf. The residual fraction is the dominant fraction for all the metals, while the oxidizable and reducible fractions are the most important forms of the nonlithogenic fractions. The total amount of heavy metals from the YR to the continental shelf is mainly affected by the filtration of the estuary and the barrier impacts of the coastal current in the ECS. The environmental physicochemical conditions that vary significantly in the turbidity zone greatly influence the associated forms of metals. The metals in the acid-soluble fraction are mostly affected by the pH change in the sediment and the discharge of human activities, while the reducible fraction is significantly affected by the bottom water DO. The oxidizable fraction was affected by oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), primary productivity, as well as OM content. Therefore, with changes in the physicochemical conditions of the environment, the metals have undergone significant changes in their speciation from the YR to the ECS shelf. Various complex effects in the estuary area have not only a large filtration effect on the total amount of metals but also a major impact on the geochemical forms of the metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Technology, MOE, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China.
| | - Jingbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Technology, MOE, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xueshi Sun
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Technology, MOE, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Zhizhou Hu
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Technology, MOE, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Dejiang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences and Technology, MOE, Ocean University of China, 238 Songling Road, Qingdao, 266100, China; Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266061, China
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14
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Heavy Metal Signature and Environmental Assessment of Nearshore Sediments: Port of Koper (Northern Adriatic Sea). GEOSCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences8110398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal abundance and potential environmental risks are reported for surface sediments (n = 21) from the Port of Koper area, Republic of Slovenia. The enrichment factor (EF) indicates minor enrichment in arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), lead (Pb), antimony (Sb), and zinc (Zn), moderately to severely enriched with nickel (Ni). The trace metal chemistries, in the context of sediment quality guidelines (SQG), imply adverse threshold effect concentrations (TEC) and probable effect concentrations (PEC), for Ni only. Sediment sequential leaching experiments demonstrated that the majority of heavy metals were of natural lithogenic origin and low bioavailability. The heavy metals’ potential for “Risk Assessment Code” values exhibited no or low anthropogenic environmental burden, with the exception of Mo.
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15
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Abramov S, He J, Wimmer D, Lemloh ML, Muehe EM, Gann B, Roehm E, Kirchhof R, Babechuk MG, Schoenberg R, Thorwarth H, Helle T, Kappler A. Heavy metal mobility and valuable contents of processed municipal solid waste incineration residues from Southwestern Germany. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 79:735-743. [PMID: 30343806 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
As conventional end-of-life disposal, municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration residues can be problematic due to potential release of toxic compounds into the environment. Using municipal solid waste incineration residues as urban-mine of valuable metals (e.g. precious metals) could provide a trash-to-treasure possibility. The objectives of the study are to (i) determine the contents of different contaminant metallic elements (Zn, Cu, Ba, Pb, Cr and Ni) in four size fractions of MSW incineration residues and discuss their mobility potential by using the modified BCR sequential extraction method; (ii) investigate the level of valuable critical contents (precious metals, rare earth elements, etc.) in these wastes. We also characterized mineralogy and elemental composition of four different grain size fractions (0-0.5, 0.5-2.0, 2.0-4.0 and 4.0-16.0 mm) of processed municipal solid waste incineration residue (PIR) from the Southwestern region of Germany, using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray powder diffraction and different spectroscopic techniques. Among all studied size fractions, grains smaller than 2 mm contained higher amounts of total extractable heavy metals in most cases. The most important finding of the study is that the total contents of Cu, Au and Pt in the incineration residues reached economically profitable levels (5.1 g/kg, 21.69 mg/kg and 17.45 mg/kg, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey Abramov
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Jing He
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Lumo Road 388, Wuhan, China.
| | - Dominik Wimmer
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marie-Louise Lemloh
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - E Marie Muehe
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany; Earth System Science, Stanford University, 397 Panama Mall Mitchell Building 101 CA 94305-2210 Stanford, USA
| | - Benjamin Gann
- Novis GmbH, Vor dem Kreuzberg 17, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ellen Roehm
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Rainer Kirchhof
- University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof 1, 72108 Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany
| | - Michael G Babechuk
- Isotope Geochemistry, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Alexander Murray Building, St. John's A1B 3X5, Canada
| | - Ronny Schoenberg
- Isotope Geochemistry, Department of Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Wilhelmstr. 56, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Harald Thorwarth
- University of Applied Forest Sciences Rottenburg, Schadenweilerhof 1, 72108 Rottenburg am Neckar, Germany
| | - Thomas Helle
- Novis GmbH, Vor dem Kreuzberg 17, 72070 Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tuebingen, Sigwartstr. 10, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany
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16
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Tramonte KM, Figueira RCL, Majer AP, de Lima Ferreira PA, Batista MF, Ribeiro AP, de Mahiques MM. Geochemical behavior, environmental availability, and reconstruction of historical trends of Cu, Pb, and Zn in sediment cores of the Cananéia-Iguape coastal system, Southeastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:1-9. [PMID: 29475640 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The Cananéia-Iguape system is located in a coastal region of southeastern Brazil, recognized by UNESCO as an Atlantic Forest Biosphere Reserve. This system has suffered substantial environmental impacts due to the opening of an artificial channel and by past intensive mining activities. In this paper was performed the sequential chemical extraction of Cu, Pb, and Zn, on previously described sediment cores, and the statistical treatment of the data, allowing to estimate the remobilization geochemical behavior, the available content and the trend of accumulation between 1926 and 2008. The maximum available level (sum of all mobile fraction) were, in mgkg-1, 18.74 for Cu, 177.55 for Pb and 123.03 for Zn. Considering its environmental availability, Pb remains a concern in the system. It was possible to recognize the anthropic contribution of Pb, being the mining activities considered the only potential source of this metal in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Modesto Tramonte
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Pereira Majer
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Faculdade Estácio Euro-Panamericana de Humanidades e Tecnologias, R. Howard Archibal Acheson Júnior, 393 - Jardim da Glória, 06711-280 Cotia, SP, Brazil; Centro Universitário Estácio de São Paulo, Av. dos Remédios, 810, Vila dos Remédios, 05107-001 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Alves de Lima Ferreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Miriam Fernanda Batista
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Andreza Portella Ribeiro
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Mestrado em Cidades Inteligentes e Sustentáveis, Av. Francisco Matarazzo, 612, prédio C, 2° andar, Água Branca, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michel Michaelovitch de Mahiques
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Energia e Ambiente, Avenida Professor Luciano Gualberto, 1289, Cidade Universitária, 05508-010 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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17
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Wang D, Ma W, Han H, Li K, Xu H, Fang F, Hou B, Jia S. Enhanced anaerobic degradation of Fischer-Tropsch wastewater by integrated UASB system with Fe-C micro-electrolysis assisted. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 164:14-24. [PMID: 27573211 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Coupling of the Fe-C micro-electrolysis (IC-ME) into the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) was developed for enhanced Fischer-Tropsch wastewater treatment. The COD removal efficiency and methane production in R3 with IC-ME assisted both reached up to 80.6 ± 1.7% and 1.38 ± 0.11 L/L·d that higher than those values in R1 with GAC addition (63.0 ± 3.4% and 0.95 ± 0.09 L/L·d) and R2 with ZVI addition (74.5 ± 2.8% and 1.21 ± 0.09 L/L·d) under the optimum HRT (5 d). The Fe corrosion as electron donor reduced the ORP values and stimulated the activities of hydrogenotrophic methanogens to lower H2 partial pressure in R2 and R3. Additionally, Fe2+ as by-product of iron corrosion, its presence could effectively increase the percentage of protein content in tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) to promote better bioflocculation, increasing to 90.5 mg protein/g·VSS (R2) and 106.3 mg protein/g·VSS (R3) while this value in R1 was simply 56.6 mg protein/g·VSS. More importantly, compared with R1, the excess accumulation of propionic acid and butyric acid in system was avoided. The macroscopic galvanic cells around Fe-C micro-electrolysis carriers in R3, that larger than microscopic galvanic cells in R2, further accelerate to transfer the electrons from anodic Fe to cathodic carbon that enhance interspecies hydrogen transfer, making the decomposition of propionic acid and butyric acid more thermodynamically feasible, finally facilitate more methane production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Wencheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hongjun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Hao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Fang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Baolin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shengyong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Tramonte KM, Figueira RCL, de Lima Ferreira PA, Ribeiro AP, Batista MF, de Mahiques MM. Environmental availability of potentially toxic elements in estuarine sediments of the Cananéia-Iguape coastal system, Southeastern Brazil. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2016; 103:260-269. [PMID: 26707887 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Cananéia-Iguape system is located in a Southeastern Brazilian coastal region, acknowledged by UNESCO as Biosphere Reserve of the Atlantic Rainforest. This system underwent important environmental changes due to the opening of the artificial channel of Valo Grande and by past intensive Pb ore mining activities. In view of this scenario, this study evaluated Cu, Pb and Zn availability in sediments from Cananéia-Iguape system, based on the content associated with the main components of the sediments. Moreover, in order to assess local contamination, the metals' contents were compared to Canadian quality guidelines, the past levels of metals preceding the mining activities and background sediment values. Concerning Cu and Zn in a state of chemical remobilization, both elements would possibly present no harm to the local communities. However, Pb available content exceeded the comparison values in various sampling sites, suggesting the need of monitoring regarding its bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keila Modesto Tramonte
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Pça. do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, SP 05508 120, Brazil.
| | - Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Pça. do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, SP 05508 120, Brazil
| | - Paulo Alves de Lima Ferreira
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Pça. do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, SP 05508 120, Brazil
| | - Andreza Portella Ribeiro
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Pça. do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, SP 05508 120, Brazil; Mestrado em Cidades Inteligentes e Sustentáveis da Universidade Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Av. Francisco Matarazzo, 612, prédio C, 2° andar, Água Branca, São Paulo, SP 05001 100, Brazil
| | - Miriam Fernanda Batista
- Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (IO-USP), Pça. do Oceanográfico, 191, Butantã, SP 05508 120, Brazil
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19
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Hsu LC, Liu YT, Tzou YM. Comparison of the spectroscopic speciation and chemical fractionation of chromium in contaminated paddy soils. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 296:230-238. [PMID: 25935296 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sequential extraction has been widely used to classify metal species in soils and sediments; however, the lack of selectivity in extraction reagents may lead to the misinterpretation of metal speciation. In this study, we used X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to classify Cr species based on its molecular form. These results complement the conventional Cr fractionation derived from the Tessier extraction method. The linear combination fitting (LCF) for the Cr-XANES spectra indicated that the Cr species in the soils could generally be described as Cr(III) sorbed on ferrihydrite (Cr-FH), Cr(III) complexed with humic acid (Cr-HA), and precipitated Cr. While the sum of the adsorbed Cr(III) and Cr(III)/Fe coprecipitates showed a nearly 1:1 relationship with reducible Cr, the total of Cr precipitates and organic Cr also followed the same trend with oxidizable Cr. This result indicated that there might be a underestimation in the reducible fraction as pure Cr(III) precipitates associated with surfaces of Fe minerals would not be extracted in the reducible process. Instead, such pure Cr(III) precipitates were dissolved during the oxidizable process, resulting in a overestimation in the fractionation of organic-related Cr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Ching Hsu
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Ting Liu
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung 40704, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Yu-Min Tzou
- Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd., Taichung 40227, Taiwan, ROC.
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20
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Rodgers KJ, Hursthouse A, Cuthbert S. The Potential of Sequential Extraction in the Characterisation and Management of Wastes from Steel Processing: A Prospective Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 12:11724-55. [PMID: 26393631 PMCID: PMC4586704 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph120911724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
As waste management regulations become more stringent, yet demand for resources continues to increase, there is a pressing need for innovative management techniques and more sophisticated supporting analysis techniques. Sequential extraction (SE) analysis, a technique previously applied to soils and sediments, offers the potential to gain a better understanding of the composition of solid wastes. SE attempts to classify potentially toxic elements (PTEs) by their associations with phases or fractions in waste, with the aim of improving resource use and reducing negative environmental impacts. In this review we explain how SE can be applied to steel wastes. These present challenges due to differences in sample characteristics compared with materials to which SE has been traditionally applied, specifically chemical composition, particle size and pH buffering capacity, which are critical when identifying a suitable SE method. We highlight the importance of delineating iron-rich phases, and find that the commonly applied BCR (The community Bureau of reference) extraction method is problematic due to difficulties with zinc speciation (a critical steel waste constituent), hence a substantially modified SEP is necessary to deal with particular characteristics of steel wastes. Successful development of SE for steel wastes could have wider implications, e.g., for the sustainable management of fly ash and mining wastes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiri J Rodgers
- School of Science & Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
| | - Andrew Hursthouse
- School of Science & Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
| | - Simon Cuthbert
- School of Science & Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley Campus, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK.
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Cestonaro do Amaral A, Kunz A, Radis Steinmetz RL, Justi KC. Zinc and copper distribution in swine wastewater treated by anaerobic digestion. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2014; 141:132-137. [PMID: 24794386 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Revised: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Swine wastewater contain high levels of metals, such as copper and zinc, which can cause a negative impact on the environment. Anaerobic digestion is a process commonly used to remove carbon, and can act on metal availability (e.g., solubility or oxidation state). The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of anaerobic digestion on total Zn and Cu contents, and their chemical fractioning due to the biodegradation of the effluent over different hydraulic retention times (HRTs). The sequential extraction protocol proposed by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR), plus two additional fractions, was the method chosen for this study of Cu and Zn distribution evaluation in swine wastewater. The Zn and Cu concentrations in raw swine manure were 63.58 ± 27.72 mg L(-1) and 8.98 ± 3.99 mg L(-1), respectively. The metal retention capacity of the bioreactor decreased when the HRT was reduced from 17.86 d to 5.32 d. Anaerobic digestion had a direct influence on zinc and copper distribution when raw manure (RM) and digested manure (DM) were compared. The reducible fraction showed a reduction of between 3.17% and 7.84% for Zn and between 2.52% and 11.92% for Cu when DM was compared with RM. However, the metal concentration increased in the oxidizable fraction of DM, viz. from 3.01% to 10.64% for Zn and from 4.49% to 16.71% for Cu, thus demonstrating the effect of anaerobic conditions on metal availability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Airton Kunz
- Embrapa Swine and Poultry, 89700-000 Concórdia, SC, Brazil.
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Qasim B, Motelica-Heino M. Potentially toxic element fractionation in technosoils using two sequential extraction schemes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:5054-5065. [PMID: 24371008 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This study reports the chemical fractionation of several potentially toxic elements (Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Sb) in contaminated technosoils of two former smelting and mining areas using two sequential extraction schemes. The extraction schemes used in this study were the Tessier's scheme and a modified BCR scheme. The fractions were rearranged into four equivalent fractions defined as acid soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual to compare the results obtained from two sequential extraction schemes. Surface soils were samples from a waste landfill contaminated with Zn, Pb, and Cd located at Mortagne-du-Nord (MDN; North France) and from a settling basin contaminated with PTE such as As, Pb, and Sb located at La Petite Faye (LPF; Limoges, France). The study of the Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Sb partitioning in the acid soluble, reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions of the technosoils revealed that Zn, Cd, and Pb were mainly associated with the acid soluble and reducible fractions for MDN site, while As, Sb, and Pb were associated with residual fraction for LPF site. Fractionation results indicate that the percentages of Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Sb extracted in Fe-Mn oxide bound fraction of Tessier's scheme were always higher than those extracted by modified BCR scheme. This may be attributed to the stronger Tessier's scheme conditions used to extract this fraction. In contrast the percentages of Zn, Pb, Cd, As, and Sb extracted in the organic fraction of the modified BCR scheme were always higher than those of the Tessier's scheme. The order of mobility of PTE was as follows: Cd > Zn > Pb in MDN site and As > Sb > Pb in LPF site. PTE were distributed in all soil fractions, with the most relevant enrichments in extractable and residual fractions. A significant amount of Cd, Pb, and Zn were rather mobile, which suggests that these elements can be readily available to plants and soil organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bashar Qasim
- CNRS/ISTO Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, UMR-CNRS 7327 Campus Géosciences, Université d'Orléans, 1A rue de la Férollerie, 41071, Orléans, France,
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Spatial and vertical distributions of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides and cesium fractionation in sediments of the Var river and its tributaries (southeast France). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2491-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schneider S, Caldas Garcez A, Tremblay M, Bilodeau F, Larivière D, Kleitz F. Nanoporous ammonium molybdophosphate–silica hybrids as regenerable ultra-selective extraction agents for radiocesium monitoring. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj01236k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zeiner M, Cindrić IJ, Mikelić IL, Medunić G, Kampić Š, Tomašić N, Stingeder G. The determination of the extractability of selected elements from agricultural soil. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:223-229. [PMID: 22350345 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of Ag, Al, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Sr, and Zn-isolated by sequential extraction steps from apple orchard soil-were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy and compared to the total amount of metal in soil determined by XRF. The extractable amount of each metal was calculated by the extraction yields of the four steps. The LODs of the different elements in all extracts ware below 3 μg/L except for Ba (steps 1 and 2), Cu (step 1), Fe (all steps), K (steps 1-3), Mn (step 2), Na (steps 1-3), Ni (step 1), Pb (steps 1 and 4), and Zn (steps 1 and 2). The highest LOD (>10 μg/L) was found for Fe, K, and Na (step 1). The recovery of all metals after four sequential extraction steps was 90-112%. The repeatability (<1.1%), the intermediate precision (<5.3%), the day-to-day reproducibility (<6.2%), and the overall uncertainty of measurement (approximately 4-8.5%) for all analyzed metals supports the choice of the method used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Zeiner
- Division of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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Xu C, Dodbiba E, Padivitage NLT, Breitbach ZS, Armstrong DW. Metal cation detection in positive ion mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry using a tetracationic salt as a gas-phase ion-pairing agent: evaluation of the effect of chelating agents on detection sensitivity. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:2885-2896. [PMID: 23136019 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The detection of metal cations continues to be essential in many scientific and industrial areas of interest. The most common electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) approach involves chelating the metal ions and detecting the organometallic complex in the negative ion mode. However, it is well known that negative ion mode ESI-MS is generally less sensitive than the positive ion mode. To achieve greater sensitivity, it is necessary to examine the feasibility of detecting the chelated metal cations in positive ion mode ESI-MS. METHODS Since highly solvated native metal cations have relatively low ionization efficiency in ESI-MS, and can be difficult to detect in the positive ion mode, a tetracationic ion-pairing agent was added to form a complex with the negatively charged metal chelate. The use of the ion-pairing agent leads to the generation of an overall positively charged complex, which can be detected at higher m/z values in the positive ion mode by electrospray ionization linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry. RESULTS Thirteen chelating agents with diverse structures were evaluated in this study. The nature of the chelating agent played as important a role as was previously determined for cationic pairing agents. The detection limits of six metal cations reached sub-picogram levels and significant improvements were observed when compared to negative ion mode detection where the metal-chelates were monitored without adding the ion-pairing reagent (IPR). Also, selective reaction monitoring (SRM) analyses were performed on the ternary complexes, which improved detection limits by one to three orders of magnitude. CONCLUSIONS With this method it was possible to analyze the metal cations in the positive ion mode ESI-MS with the advantage of speed, sensitivity and selectivity. The optimum solution pH for this type of analysis is 5-7. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) further increases the sensitivity. Speciation is straightforward making this a broadly useful approach for the analysis of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdong Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
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Magalhães MOL, Sobrinho NMBDA, Zonta E, de Carvalho MM, Tolón-Becerra A. Effect of variations in the redox potential of Gleysol on barium mobility and absorption in rice plants. CHEMOSPHERE 2012; 89:121-127. [PMID: 22652443 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2012.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2011] [Revised: 04/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Two assays were designed to obtain information about the influence of redox potential variations on barium mobility and bioavailability in soil. One assay was undertaken in leaching columns, and the other was conducted in pots cultivated with rice (Oryza sativa) using soil samples collected from the surface of Gleysol in both assays. Three doses of barium (100,300 mg kg(-1) and 3000 mg kg(-1)-soil dry weight) and two redox potential values (oxidizing and reducing) were evaluated. During the incubation period, the redox potential (Eh) was monitored in columns and pots until values of -250 mV were reached. After the incubation period, geochemical partitioning was conducted on the barium using the European Communities Bureau of Reference (BCR) method. Rainfall of 200 mm d(-1) was simulated in the columns and in the planting of rice seedlings in the pots. The results of the geochemical partitioning demonstrated that the condition of reduction favors increased barium concentrations in the more labile chemical forms and decreased levels in the chemical forms related to oxides. The highest barium concentrations in leached extracts (3.36 mg L(-1)) were observed at the highest dose and condition of reduction at approximately five times above the drinking water standard. The high concentrations of barium in the soil did not affect plant dry matter production. The highest levels and accumulation of barium in roots, leaves, and grains of rice were found at the highest dose and condition of reduction. These results demonstrate that reduction leads to solubilization of barium sulfate, thereby favoring greater mobility and bioavailability of this element.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Osvaldo Lima Magalhães
- Soil Department, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, km 7, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 23890-000, Brazil.
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Delgado J, Barba-Brioso C, Nieto JM, Boski T. Speciation and ecological risk of toxic elements in estuarine sediments affected by multiple anthropogenic contributions (Guadiana saltmarshes, SW Iberian Peninsula): I. Surficial sediments. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2011; 409:3666-3679. [PMID: 21719073 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that the Guadiana Estuary contains metal concentrations in excess of background values. Therefore, this work aims to document the potential environmental hazards associated with the availability of these metals in this environment of high ecological value. Mineralogical analysis shows that the sediments are composed mainly of quartz, albite, and clay minerals (illite, smectite, kaolinite, and vermiculite) along with several small, reactive compounds (including soluble sulphated salts, Fe-Mn oxyhydroxides, organic matter, and pyrite) capable of retaining metals, which can be subsequently released, causing environmental degradation. BCR sequential extraction shows that As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Pb, and Zn present mobile fractions with respect to the total metal content (41, 100, 57, 53, 70, and 69%, respectively) in any of the described reactive phases (F1+F2+F3).Calculated environmental risk indices demonstrate moderate to considerable ecological risk for almost the entire estuary, associated mainly with acid mine drainage from the nearby Iberian Pyrite Belt. In addition, the indices highlight several zones of extremely high risk, which are related to industrial and urban dumps in the vicinity of the estuary and to heavy traffic on the international bridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquín Delgado
- Dpto. Geología, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Huelva, Av. 3 de Marzo, S/N, 21071 Huelva, Spain.
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Bakircioglu D, Kurtulus YB, Ibar H. Investigation of trace elements in agricultural soils by BCR sequential extraction method and its transfer to wheat plants. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2011; 175:303-314. [PMID: 20499161 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-010-1513-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, soil samples were collected from Edirne, Turkey in both summer and winter seasons and subjected to the modified Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure in order to investigate the chemical partitioning of metals in soils and to predict heavy metals uptake by wheat grains which grown at the same soils. The samples were subjected to a three stage extraction procedure proposed by the BCR. The three phases that were separated out in the following order: (1) carbonate, exchangeable, (2) Fe-Mn oxides, and (3) organic matter. Metal concentrations of soil fractions and grain samples were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. The wheat samples were prepared to analysis using microwave acid digestion procedure. The pseudo-total concentrations of metals were determined after aqua regia digestion. The analytical accuracy of the method was evaluated by using the Standard Reference Materials (BCR 142R Light Sandy Soil, NIST 2711 Montana Soil, and NIST 2704 Buffalo River Sediment). The sum of the metal contents obtained from the modified BCR sequential extraction procedure and pseudo-total metal contents for soil samples were used to calculate recovery values. In order to evaluate the bioavailability of metals, the relationships between the wheat-metal and soil-extractable metal concentrations were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilek Bakircioglu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Trakya University, 22030, Edirne, Turkey.
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30
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Yu X, Yan Y, Wang WX. The distribution and speciation of trace metals in surface sediments from the Pearl River Estuary and the Daya Bay, Southern China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2010; 60:1364-71. [PMID: 20705535 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2010] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Surface sediments collected from the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and the Daya Bay (DYB) were analyzed for total metal concentrations and chemical phase partitioning. The total concentrations of Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the PRE were obviously higher than those in DYB. The maximum concentrations of trace metals in DYB occurred in the four sub-basins, especially in Dapeng Cove, while the concentrations of these metals in the western side of the PRE were higher than those in the east side. Such distribution pattern was primarily due to the different hydraulic conditions and inputs of anthropogenic trace metals. The chemical partitioning of metals analyzed by the BCR sequential extraction method showed that Cr, Ni, and Zn of both areas were present dominantly in the residual fraction, while Pb was found mostly in the non-residual fractions. The partitioning of Cu showed a significant difference between the two areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Yu
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
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31
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Jain CK, Rao VVSG, Prakash BA, Kumar KM, Yoshida M. Metal fractionation study on bed sediments of Hussainsagar Lake, Hyderabad, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2010; 166:57-67. [PMID: 19472065 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-009-0984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2008] [Accepted: 05/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hussainsagar Lake in the heart of Hyderabad City (India) receives toxic substances through five streams draining from a catchment area of 245 km(2). Of particular interest are heavy metals received from urban runoff as well as municipal sewage and industrial effluents. Heavy metals entering the lake get adsorbed onto the suspended sediments, which eventually settle down in the bottom of the lake. In this study, fractionation of metal ions has been studied on the bed sediments of Hussainsagar Lake in order to determine the ecotoxic potential of metal ions. Comparison of sediments with average shale values indicated anthropogenic enrichment with copper, nickel, lead, cadmium, and zinc. The risk assessment code as applied to the present study reveals that 10-17% of manganese, 10-18% of nickel, 14-24% of chromium, 10-19% of lead, 21-30% of cadmium, and 18-28% of zinc exist in exchangeable fraction and, therefore, comes under medium risk category and may enter into food chain. The association of these metals with the exchangeable fraction may cause deleterious effects to aquatic life. The present database will help in formulating guidelines for carrying out dredging operations under restoration programs in the Hussainsagar Lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Jain
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247 667, India.
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Cabon JY, Giamarchi P, Le Floch S. A study of marine pollution caused by the release of metals into seawater following acid spills. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2010; 60:998-1004. [PMID: 20206942 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2010.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2009] [Revised: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This study examined the potential metal pollution induced by the accidental spill of different acids into seawater. The acids sink to the bottom according to their densities and subsequently react with marine sediments. The acids selected for this study were acetic, hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids; the metallic elements selected were Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn. The sediment was collected in Brest Harbour. The percentages of metals released from this sediment in the presence of various concentrations of acids in seawater were important; concentrations of approximately 7 mg L(-1) for Mn and 60 mg L(-1) for Zn were observed under our experimental conditions. We also examined the rate of release of these metals from the sediment into the seawater in the presence of the different acids and under different experimental conditions. We found that most of the metallic elements were released from the sediments into the seawater during the first fifteen minutes of exposure. After this time, a high degree of pollution was induced if acids leached into seawater were not rapidly diluted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Yves Cabon
- Université Européenne de Bretagne, Université de Brest, UMR CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 av. Le Gorgeu, 29238 Brest Cedex 3, France
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Banas D, Marin B, Skraber S, Chopin EIB, Zanella A. Copper mobilization affected by weather conditions in a stormwater detention system receiving runoff waters from vineyard soils (Champagne, France). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2010; 158:476-482. [PMID: 19762134 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2009.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2009] [Revised: 08/04/2009] [Accepted: 08/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Copper, a priority substance on the EU-Water Framework Directive list, is widely used to protect grapevines against fungus diseases. Many vineyards being located on steep slopes, large amounts of Cu could be discharged in downstream systems by runoff water. The efficiency of stormwater detention basins to retain copper in a vineyard catchment was estimated. Suspended solids, dissolved (Cu(diss)) and total Cu (Cu(tot)) concentrations were monitored in runoff water, upstream, into and downstream from a detention pond. Mean Cu(tot) concentrations in entering water was 53.6 microg/L whereas it never exceeded 2.4 microg/L in seepage. Cu(tot) concentrations in basin water (>100 microg/L in 24% of the samples) exceeded LC(50) values for several aquatic animals. Copper was principally sequestered by reduced compounds in the basin sediments (2/3 of Cu(tot)). Metal sequestration was reversible since sediment resuspension resulted in Cu remobilization. Wind velocity controlled resuspension, explained 70% of Cu(diss) variability and could help predicting Cu mobilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Banas
- Univ. Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Lab. Eco-Toxicologie, BP 1039, F-51687 Reims Cedex 2, France.
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Nemati K, Abu Bakar NK, Sobhanzadeh E, Abas MR. A modification of the BCR sequential extraction procedure to investigate the potential mobility of copper and zinc in shrimp aquaculture sludge. Microchem J 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2009.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rodríguez L, Ruiz E, Alonso-Azcárate J, Rincón J. Heavy metal distribution and chemical speciation in tailings and soils around a Pb-Zn mine in Spain. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2009; 90:1106-16. [PMID: 18572301 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 257] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2007] [Revised: 04/01/2008] [Accepted: 04/19/2008] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution by lead, zinc, cadmium and copper was characterized in the mine tailings and surrounding soils (arable and pasture lands) of an old Spanish Pb-Zn mine. Sixty soil samples were analyzed, determining the total metal concentration by acid digestion and the chemical fractionation of Pb and Zn by the modified BCR sequential extraction method. Samples belonging to mine waste areas showed the highest values, with mean concentrations of 28,453.50 mg kg(-1) for Pb, 7000.44 mg kg(-1) for Zn, 20.57 mg kg(-1) for Cd and 308.48 mg kg(-1) for Cu. High concentrations of Pb, Zn and Cd were found in many of the samples taken from surrounding arable and pasture lands, indicating a certain extent of spreading of heavy metal pollution. Acidic drainage and wind transport of dust were proposed as the main effects causing the dispersion of pollution. Sequential extraction showed that most of the Pb was associated with non-residual fractions, mainly in reducible form, in all the collected samples. Zn appeared mainly associated with the acid-extractable form in mine tailing samples, while the residual form was the predominant one in samples belonging to surrounding areas. Comparison of our results with several criteria reported in the literature for risk assessment in soils polluted by heavy metals showed the need to treat the mine tailings dumped in the mine area.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Rodríguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Civil Engineering, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain.
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Połedniok J. Speciation of scandium and gallium in soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 73:572-579. [PMID: 18653213 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Revised: 05/19/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A method for the speciation of scandium and gallium in soil has been developed. The sequential extraction scheme of Tessier et al. for heavy metals was examined for the scandium and gallium separation. The regents proposed by Tessier were used for the extraction, and only for the residual fraction the HClO4 was replaced with H2SO4. The optimum conditions for leaching scandium and gallium from the soil were chosen for each fraction. Very sensitive, spectrophotometric methods based on the mixed complexes of Sc(III) and Ga(III) with Chrome Azurol S and benzyldodecyldimethylammonium bromide were applied for the scandium and gallium determination after their separation by solvent extraction. 100% mesityl oxide and a 0.5M solution of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone in xylene were chosen for the extraction of scandium and butyl acetate was selected for gallium. Soil samples from two different regions of Poland were the object of this research. The content of scandium and gallium found in the individual fractions of Upper Silesia soil (industrial region) was [in microgg(-1)] Sc: I, 1.52; II, 0.53; III, 7.78; IV, 1.79; V, 0.20; Ga: I, 24.7; III, 29.2; IV, 35.4; V, 6.9. In Podlasie soil (agricultural region), the content of both elements was clearly lower. The total content of scandium and gallium in the five soil fractions was in good correlation with the total content of these elements in the soils found after HF-H2SO4 digestion. Analysis using the ICP-OES method gave comparable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Połedniok
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland.
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Berger CJM, Lippiatt SM, Lawrence MG, Bruland KW. Application of a chemical leach technique for estimating labile particulate aluminum, iron, and manganese in the Columbia River plume and coastal waters off Oregon and Washington. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jc004703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Jain CK, Gupta H, Chakrapani GJ. Enrichment and fractionation of heavy metals in bed sediments of River Narmada, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2008; 141:35-47. [PMID: 17694352 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-007-9876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2007] [Accepted: 07/03/2007] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
A metal fractionation study on bed sediments of River Narmada in Central India has been carried out to examine the enrichment and partitioning of different metal species between five geochemical phases (exchangeable fraction, carbonate fraction, Fe/Mn oxide fraction, organic fraction and residual fraction). The river receives toxic substances through a large number of tributaries and drains flowing in the catchment of the river. The toxic substances of particular interest are heavy metals derived from urban runoff as well as municipal sewage and industrial effluents. Heavy metals entering the river get adsorbed onto the suspended sediments, which in due course of time settle down in the bottom of the river. In this study fractionation of metal ions has been carried out with the objective to determine the eco-toxic potential of metal ions. Although, in most cases (except iron) the average trace/heavy metal concentrations in sediments were higher than the standard shale values, the risk assessment code as applied to the present study reveals that only about 1-3% of manganese, <1% of copper, 16-19% of nickel, 4-20% of chromium, 1-4% of lead, 8-13% of cadmium and 1-3% of zinc exist in exchangeable fraction and therefore falls under low to medium risk category. According to the Geo-accumulation Index (GAI), cadmium shows high accumulation in the river sediments, rest of other metals are under unpolluted to moderately polluted class.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Jain
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee 247 667, India.
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39
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Nakamaru Y, Uchida S. Distribution coefficients of tin in Japanese agricultural soils and the factors affecting tin sorption behavior. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2008; 99:1003-10. [PMID: 18164522 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2007.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Sorption behavior of tin (Sn) in Japanese agricultural soils was studied. Soil-soil solution distribution coefficient (K(d)) of Sn (K(d)-Sn) for 142 soil samples ranged between 128 and 1,590,000 L kg(-1) with the geometric mean of 12 400 L kg(-1). The K(d)-Sn values for Andosol tended to be higher than those of the other soil groups. Among the relationships between K(d)-Sn values and soil properties, a high correlation was observed for soil active-Al (Al-(hydr)oxide and Al-humus complex) amount and K(d)-Sn. The pH effect on Sn sorption was also investigated. The results suggested that the low pH condition enhanced the Sn sorption in soils. The soil-sorbed Sn fractions in each type of soil material were also evaluated with selective extraction methods. The results showed that most of the soil-sorbed Sn was as organic matter bound or Al/Fe-(hydr)oxide-bound forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Nakamaru
- Department of Bioindustry, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Yasaka 196, Abashiri, Hokkaido 099-2493, Japan.
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40
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Gao X, Chen S, Long A. Chemical speciation of 12 metals in surface sediments from the northern South China Sea under natural grain size. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2008; 56:786-792. [PMID: 18294658 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2008.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2007] [Revised: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 01/04/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Environmental Dynamics, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, CAS, Guangzhou 510301, China
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41
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Lim DI, Choi JY, Jung HS, Choi HW, Kim YO. Natural Background Level Analysis of Heavy Metal Concentration in Korean Coastal Sediments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.4217/opr.2007.29.4.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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42
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Speciation and potential remobilization of heavy metals in sediments of the Taihu Lake, China. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s11631-007-0384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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43
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Cabon JY, Burel L, Jaffrennou C, Giamarchi P, Bautin F. Study of trace metal leaching from coals into seawater. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 69:1100-10. [PMID: 17521696 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2007.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2007] [Revised: 04/04/2007] [Accepted: 04/04/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The behaviour of three South African coals in water and, particularly in seawater, was examined. A sequential speciation procedure used to evaluate trace metal partitioning in coal has shown that trace metals will not be easily released from these coals into environmental ecosystems. Only a few trace elements are slightly leached from these coals into water or seawater at pH around 8. On the other hand, Mn is highly leached from these coals into water or seawater. It has been clearly shown that Mn concentrations are highly correlated to sulfate and calcium concentrations indicating that Mn is mainly solubilized into water simultaneously to gypsum; the leaching efficiency being severely reduced for coal having a high calcite content. The leaching percentage of Mn into seawater is enhanced by the presence of seawater salts that increases gypsum solubility. The leaching process of Mn from coal into water or seawater is governed by gypsum solubilization and is relatively rapid during the first thirty minutes, then very slow. In this study, it has been also shown that, depending on their physico-chemical properties, trace metals may be removed from seawater solutions in the presence of coal having a high calcite content. In this work, it has been also shown that some elements, particularly Fe, are greatly solubilized into seawater in the presence of a strong chelating agent like EDTA. Like for Mn, the leaching rate of metals from coal in the presence of EDTA is relatively rapid during the first 30 min then much slower, suggesting a solubilization process simultaneously to gypsum or/and calcite solubilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Yves Cabon
- UMR CNRS 6521 UBO, 6, Avenue Le Gorgeu, 29200 Brest, France.
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44
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Jain CK, Malik DS, Yadav R. Metal fractionation study on bed sediments of lake Nainital, Uttaranchal, India. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2007; 130:129-39. [PMID: 17242977 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-006-9383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2006] [Accepted: 06/28/2006] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Lake Nainital in the heart of Nainital Town in the State of Uttaranchal (India) receives toxic substances through various open drains through the catchment of the lake. The toxic substances of particular interest are heavy metals derived from urban runoff as well as municipal sewage and industrial effluents. Heavy metals entering the lake get adsorbed onto the suspended sediments, which in turn settle down in the bottom of the lake. In this study fractionation of metal ions has been studied on the bed sediments of lake Nainital with the objective to determine the eco-toxic potential of metal ions. Comparison of sediments with average shae values indicated anthropogenic enrichment with nickel, lead, cadmium and zinc. The risk assessment code as applied to the present study reveals that 4-13% of manganese, 4-8% of copper, 17-24% of nickel, 3-5% of chromium, 13-26% of lead, 14-23% of cadmium and 2-3% of zinc exist in exchangeable fraction and therefore comes under low to medium risk category and may enter into food chain. The association of these metals with exchangeable fraction may cause deleterious effects to aquatic life. The present database will help in formulating guidelines for carrying out dredging operations and/or restoration programmes in the Nainital lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Jain
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, 247 667, India.
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45
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Dabek-Zlotorzynska E, Kelly M, Chen H, Chakrabarti CL. Application of capillary electrophoresis combined with a modified BCR sequential extraction for estimating of distribution of selected trace metals in PM2.5 fractions of urban airborne particulate matter. CHEMOSPHERE 2005; 58:1365-1376. [PMID: 15686754 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2004] [Revised: 09/06/2004] [Accepted: 09/21/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The capillary electrophoresis (CE) method combined with a sequential extraction was applied to determine the distribution of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and Cd in urban ambient air PM2.5 samples. PM2.5 was collected on Teflon filters with dichotomous sampler, and the modified extraction procedure following the BCR leaching procedure was used to chemically fractionate metals into "easily exchangeable" with water, "acid extractable" with 0.11 mol/l acetic acid, "reducible" with 0.1 mol/l hydroxylamine hydrochloride acidified to pH 2.0 with nitric acid, and "oxidisable" with oxidation by 8.8 mol/l hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) followed by extraction with 1.0 mol/l ammonium acetate. Based on the obtained results it was concluded that the application of the studied methodology provides chemical fractionation data that reflect the general sources and potential health hazards of the studied metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Dabek-Zlotorzynska
- Analysis and Air Quality Division, Environmental Technology Centre, Environment Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1A OH3.
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Magi E, Ianni C, Soggia F, Grotti M, Frache R. Trace metals speciation in coastal particulate matter for marine environmental studies in Antarctica. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 7:1287-94. [PMID: 16307085 DOI: 10.1039/b507336g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid speciation of some trace metals (Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Cu) having environmental relevance was studied in coastal particulate sampled during the Austral Spring 2000/2001. A nearshore station situated in the Gerlache Inlet of Terra Nova Bay (Ross Sea, Antarctica) was sampled from November to February. Samples were collected using the in situ filtration system FIS500, equipped with polycarbonate membrane filters having different pore sizes (10 microm, 2 microm and 0.4 microm) for the size fraction analysis of particles. The total concentration of metals was determined both in dissolved and particulate fractions, while speciation was determined on particulate by applying a sequential extraction procedure. Concerning the surface and sub-surface layers, it has been observed that concentration of elements is mainly affected by the dynamic of the pack ice melting and by phytoplankton activity. The solid speciation in November and December is similar for all the studied elements, while some differences can be noted in February, when the pack has completely melted and phytoplankton bloom occurs. With the exception of iron, during this sampling period the quantity of metal associated to the labile fraction increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Magi
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 31, 16146, Genova (I)
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47
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Takarina ND, Browne DR, Risk MJ. Speciation of heavy metals in coastal sediments of Semarang, Indonesia. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2004; 49:861-868. [PMID: 15530531 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2004.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Noverita Dian Takarina
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok, Jakarta 16424, Indonesia
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48
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Blanco P, Tomé FV, Lozano JC. Sequential extraction for radionuclide fractionation in soil samples: a comparative study. Appl Radiat Isot 2004; 61:345-50. [PMID: 15177369 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2004.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Two sequential extraction procedures, Tessier's method (Anal. Chem. 51(7) (1979) 844), and a current version known as Schultz's method (J. Environ. Radioact. 40(2) (1998) 155), were compared. The two procedures were applied to a natural soil sample that presents high activity concentrations in natural radionuclides of the 238U series. Reproducibility studies of each method and a comparison between the two sets of results were performed for uranium, thorium, and radium. The results were different for each radionuclide. Analysis of the extracted fractions was carried out by alpha spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Blanco
- Departamento de Física, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain
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49
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Groenewold GS, Avci R, Karahan C, Lefebre K, Fox RV, Cortez MM, Gianotto AK, Sunner J, Manner WL. Characterization of Interlayer Cs+ in Clay Samples Using Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry with Laser Sample Modification. Anal Chem 2004; 76:2893-901. [PMID: 15144202 DOI: 10.1021/ac035400u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet laser irradiation was used to greatly enhance the secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) detection of Cs(+) adsorbed to soil consisting of clay and quartz. Imaging SIMS showed that the enhancement of the Cs(+) signal was spatially heterogeneous: the intensity of the Cs(+) peak was increased by factors up to 100 for some particles but not at all for others. Analysis of standard clay samples exposed to Cs(+) showed a variable response to laser irradiation depending on the type of clay analyzed. The Cs(+) abundance was significantly enhanced when Cs(+)-exposed montmorillonite was irradiated and then analyzed using SIMS, which contrasted with the behavior of Cs(+)-exposed kaolinite, which displayed no Cs(+) enhancement. Exposed illitic clays displayed modest enhancement of Cs(+) upon laser irradiation, intermediate between that of kaolinite and montmorillonite. The results for Cs(+) were rationalized in terms of adsorption to interlayer sites within the montmorillonite, which is an expandable phyllosilicate. In these locations, Cs(+) was not initially detectable using SIMS. Upon irradiation, Cs(+) was thermally redistributed, which enabled detection using SIMS. Since neither the illite nor the kaolinite is an expandable clay, adsorption to inner-layer sites does not occur, and either modest or no laser enhancement of the Cs(+) signal is observed. Laser irradiation also produced unexpected enhancement of Ti(+) from illite and kaolinite clays that contained small quantities of Ti, which indicates the presence of microscopic titanium oxide phases in the clay materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Groenewold
- Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory, Idaho Falls, Idaho 83415, USA.
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50
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Fytianos K, Lourantou A. Speciation of elements in sediment samples collected at lakes Volvi and Koronia, N. Greece. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2004; 30:11-7. [PMID: 14664860 DOI: 10.1016/s0160-4120(03)00143-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A five-step sequential extraction procedure was applied for the determination of the distribution of seven elements (Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe) in sediment samples collected at two lakes, Volvi and Koronia, located in N. Greece. Samples were taken in two seasons, and the average concentration of the elements was calculated. The accuracy evaluated by comparing total trace metal concentrations with the sum of the five individual fractions proved to be satisfactory. Based on the results determined at one sampling point in Koronia and two sampling points along the lake Volvi, it seems that the two lakes have not yet been polluted. There were no significant changes in the individual seasonal concentrations of elements in this monitoring period. Cd, Pb, Cu and Cr are associated with the oxidizable, carbonates and residual fractions. Zn and Fe are associated with residual and reducible fractions. The metals that we most easily extracted in the samples analysed in both lakes are Pb, Cr, Cd, Cu and also Mn in the case of Koronia lake.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Fytianos
- Department of Chemistry, Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Aristotle University, GR-540 06 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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