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Ribeiro RC, Mota MFS, Silva RMV, Silva DC, Novaes FJM, da Veiga VF, Bizzo HR, Teixeira RSS, Rezende CM. Coffee Oil Extraction Methods: A Review. Foods 2024; 13:2601. [PMID: 39200528 PMCID: PMC11353398 DOI: 10.3390/foods13162601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Green and roasted coffee oils are products rich in bioactive compounds, such as linoleic acid and the diterpenes cafestol and kahweol, being a potential ingredient for food and cosmetic industries. An overview of oil extraction techniques most applied for coffee beans and their influence on the oil composition is presented. Both green and roasted coffee oil extractions are highlighted. Pressing, Soxhlet, microwave, and supercritical fluid extraction were the most used techniques used for coffee oil extraction. Conventional Soxhlet is most used on a lab scale, while pressing is most used in industry. Supercritical fluid extraction has also been evaluated mainly due to the environmental approach. One of the highlighted activities in Brazilian agribusiness is the industrialization of oils due to their increasing use in the formulation of cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. Green coffee oil (raw bean) has desirable bioactive compounds, increasing the interest of private companies and research institutions in its extraction process to preserve the properties contained in the oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel C. Ribeiro
- Aroma Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (R.C.R.); (R.M.V.S.)
- Bioethanol Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil;
| | - Maria Fernanda S. Mota
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21949-909, Brazil;
| | - Rodrigo M. V. Silva
- Aroma Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (R.C.R.); (R.M.V.S.)
| | - Diana C. Silva
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (D.C.S.); (F.J.M.N.)
| | - Fabio J. M. Novaes
- Chemistry Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, Brazil; (D.C.S.); (F.J.M.N.)
| | - Valdir F. da Veiga
- Chemistry Section, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro 22290-270, Brazil;
| | - Humberto R. Bizzo
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Rio de Janeiro 23020-470, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo S. S. Teixeira
- Bioethanol Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil;
| | - Claudia M. Rezende
- Aroma Analysis Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (R.C.R.); (R.M.V.S.)
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Cruz-Chamorro I, Santos-Sánchez G, Martín F, Fernández-Pachón MS, Hornero-Méndez D, Cerrillo I. Evaluation of the Impact of the Ripening Stage on the Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Fruits from Organically Grown Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) Spanish Varieties. Foods 2024; 13:2337. [PMID: 39123529 PMCID: PMC11311294 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is a widely cultivated horticultural crop. It belongs to the Solanaceae family and is known for its high concentration of essential nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds with antioxidant properties. The Mediterranean countries, including Italy, Spain, and Greece, have a diverse range of tomato landraces. Assessing the nutritional and bioactive composition of different tomato varieties and their ripening stages is crucial to determine their suitability for the market. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ripening on nutritional composition (including carotenoids and polyphenols content) and antioxidant activities of fruits of three specific tomato varieties grown in Spain: Josefina and Karelya, which are cherry-like tomatoes, and Muchamiel, a type of salad tomato. In addition to evaluating their characteristics and composition (including carotenoids and polyphenol content), the antioxidant activities of these varieties at three different ripening stages were quantified. As expected, the results reveal that, as the tomatoes matured, their antioxidant capacity increased along with higher levels of carotenoids and polyphenols. Interestingly, cherry-like tomatoes showed a higher antioxidant activity than the salad tomatoes. This investigation emphasizes the role of fruit ripening in increasing carotenoid levels, which contribute to the antioxidant activity of three tomato varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Cruz-Chamorro
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain;
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain; (F.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Guillermo Santos-Sánchez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Franz Martín
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain; (F.M.); (I.C.)
| | - María-Soledad Fernández-Pachón
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain; (F.M.); (I.C.)
| | - Dámaso Hornero-Méndez
- Departamento de Fitoquímica de los Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa-CSIC, Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Isabel Cerrillo
- Área de Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ctra. Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain; (F.M.); (I.C.)
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3
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Kumari D, Singh D, Meena M, Janmeda P, Siddiqui MH. Qualitative, Quantitative, In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Profiling of Leptadenia pyrotechnica (Forssk.) Decne Using Advanced Analytical Techniques. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:794. [PMID: 39061862 PMCID: PMC11273909 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13070794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptadenia pyrotechnica Forssk. Decne (LP) is a medicinal herb from the Asclepiadaceae family with many advantageous properties. The goal of this research is to identify, quantify, and evaluate the antioxidant potential of LP to validate its remarkable therapeutic advantages. The hot soxhlet extraction method was employed to prepare different extracts of LP (stem and root). These extracts were evaluated physiochemically to check their impurity, purity, and quality; qualitatively to detect different phytochemicals; and quantitatively for phenol, saponin, tannin, flavonoid, and alkaloid contents. Then, the in vitro antioxidant potential was estimated by DPPH, NO, H2O2 scavenging assays, and MC and FRAP assays. The most prevalent phytochemicals of LP were then analysed by AAS, FT-IR, UV-visible, and GC-MS techniques. A higher extractive yield was shown by LPSE and LPRE (7.37 ± 0.11 and 5.70 ± 0.02). The LP stem showed better physicochemical and qualitative results than the root. The quantitative and in vitro antioxidant results indicated maximal phenols, tannins, and alkaloid contents in LPSE, which was further confirmed by UV-visible, FT-IR, and GC-MS results. The extraction methods (soxhlation or ultrasonication) were optimized by utilizing RSM to determine the impacts of multiple parameters. The study concluded that the plant has remarkable therapeutic advantages to promote additional clinical investigations and the mechanisms of its action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Kumari
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Devendra Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Mukesh Meena
- Laboratory of Phytopathology and Microbial Biotechnology, Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur 313001, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Pracheta Janmeda
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Tonk 304022, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Manzer H. Siddiqui
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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Melo FDO, Ferreira VC, Barbero GF, Carrera C, Ferreira EDS, Umsza-Guez MA. Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Wine Lees: A Systematic and Bibliometric Review. Foods 2024; 13:2060. [PMID: 38998566 PMCID: PMC11241285 DOI: 10.3390/foods13132060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The extraction of bioactive compounds from wine lees involves a variety of methods, the selection of which is crucial to ensure optimal yields. This systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines and utilizing the Web of Science database, aimed to examine the current state of this field, providing insights for future investigations. The search employed strategies with truncation techniques and Boolean operators, followed by a three-step screening using well-defined eligibility criteria. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to identify authors, affiliations, countries/regions, and research trends. Thirty references were selected for analysis, with Spain standing out as the main source of research on the topic. The majority of studies (66%) focused on the extraction of bioactive compounds from alcoholic fermentation lees, while 33% were directed towards malolactic fermentation lees. Binary mixtures (ethanol-water) were the predominant solvents, with ultrasound being the most used extraction method (31.3%), providing the highest average yields (288.6%) for the various evaluated compounds, especially flavonoids. The potential of wine lees as a source of bioactive compounds is highlighted, along with the need for further research exploring alternative extraction technologies and the combination of methods. Additionally, the importance of "in vitro" and "in vivo" tests to assess the bioactive potential of lees, as well as the use of computational tools to optimize extraction and identify the molecules responsible for bioactive activity, is emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe de Oliveira Melo
- Food Science Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-100, Brazil; (F.d.O.M.); (E.d.S.F.)
| | - Vanessa Cosme Ferreira
- School of Food Engineering (FEA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-862, Brazil;
| | - Gerardo Fernandez Barbero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (G.F.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Ceferino Carrera
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), Wine and Agrifood Research Institute (IVAGRO), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; (G.F.B.); (C.C.)
| | - Ederlan de Souza Ferreira
- Food Science Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-100, Brazil; (F.d.O.M.); (E.d.S.F.)
| | - Marcelo Andrés Umsza-Guez
- Food Science Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-100, Brazil; (F.d.O.M.); (E.d.S.F.)
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Fang S, Wan Z, Shen T, Liang G. Potassium attenuates drought damage by regulating sucrose metabolism and gene expression in sesame leaf. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 209:108547. [PMID: 38522132 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Drought has been considered the most restrictive environmental constraint on agricultural production worldwide. Photosynthetic carbohydrate metabolism is a critical biochemical process connected with crop production and quality traits. A pot experiment was carried out under four potassium (K) rates (0, 0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 g pot-1 of K, respectively) and two water regimes to investigate the role of K in activating defense mechanisms on sucrose metabolism against drought damage in sesame. The soil moisture contents are 75 ± 5% (well-watered, WW) and 45 ± 5% (drought stress, DS) of field capacity respectively. The results showed that DS plants without K application have lower activities of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), soluble acid invertase (SAI), and chlorophyll content and higher activity of sucrose synthase (SuSy), which resulted in declined synthesis and distribution of photosynthetic products to reproductive organs. Under drought, there was a significant positive correlation between leaf sucrose metabolizing enzymes and sucrose content. Plants subjected to drought stress increased the concentrations of soluble sugar and sucrose to produce osmo-protectants and energy sources for plants acclimating to stress but decreased starch content. Conversely, K application enhanced the carbohydrate metabolism, biomass accumulation and partitioning, thereby contributing to higher seed oil and protein yield (28.8%-43.4% and 27.5%-40.7%) as compared to K-deficiency plants. The positive impacts of K application enhanced as increasing K rates, and it was more pronounced in drought conditions. Furthermore, K application upregulated the gene expression of SiMYB57, SiMYB155, SiMYB176 and SiMYB192 while downregulated SiMYB108 and SiMYB171 in drought conditions, which may help to alleviate drought susceptibility. Conclusively, our study illustrated that the enhanced photo-assimilation and translocation process caused by the changes in sucrose metabolism activities under K application as well as regulation of MYB gene expression contributes towards drought resistance of sesame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Zehua Wan
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Tinghai Shen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
| | - Guoqing Liang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology, and Genetic Breeding, Ministry of Education/College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China.
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6
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Khan SA, Khan H, Ahmad S, Rehman FU, Khan AA, Khan MA. GCMS characterization and biological potential of the seeds and aerial part of Galium tricorne Stokes. BRAZ J BIOL 2024; 84:e256920. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.256920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Natural products have long been proven very effective against various challenging diseases including cancer and bacterial infections. Galium tricorne is one of the important source of natural products, which has not been explored till date in spite of its profound ethnomedicinal prominence. The current study has been designed to explore the biological potential of G. tricorne and to extract and isolate chemical constituents from its aerial part and seeds respectively along with identification of their chemical constituents. Phytochemical screening was performed to figure out the presence of secondary metabolite in G. tricorne. Crude Methanolic extract (Gt.Crd), which was obtained from the aerial part while the fatty acids were extracted from the seeds, which were later on analyzed by GCMS. Similarly, Well Diffusion and MTT method were used for antibacterial activity and cancer cell line assay respectively. To evaluate the cytotoxic potential, brine shrimps were used. Likewise, in Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis a total number of 23 compounds were identified in Gt.Crd extract out of which 7 compounds were sorted out to have some sort of toxicity profile. In the same fashion, 5 fatty acids were identified in the seeds of G. tricorne. Moreover, among the fractions, chloroform fraction (Gt.Chf) exhibited greater zone of inhibition (ZOI) 20.37 mm followed by Gt.Crd 18.40 mm against S. aureus and S. pyogenes respectively. In cytotoxicity Gt.Chf was more active followed by ethyl acetate fraction (Gt.Eta) by exhibiting 88.32±0.62% (LC50=60 µg/mL) and 73.95±2.25% (LC50=80 µg/mL) respectively at 1000 µg/mL concentration of the tested sample. Gt.Chf exhibited greater cell line inhibitory activity (IC50=61 µg/mL) against HeLa cell line. Similarly, Gt.Crd displayed IC50 values of 167.84 µg/mL and 175.46 µg/mL against HeLa and NIH/3T3 cell line respectively. Based on the literature review and screenings, it may be concluded that the aerial part and seeds of G. tricorne are the rich sources of bioactive compounds. The results of the current study also authenticate the scientific background for the ethnomedicinal uses of G. tricorne.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - S. Ahmad
- Sarhad University of Science & Information Technology, Pakistan
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Preedalikit W, Chittasupho C, Leelapornpisid P, Potprommanee S, Kiattisin K. Comparison of Biological Activities and Protective Effects on PAH-Induced Oxidative Damage of Different Coffee Cherry Pulp Extracts. Foods 2023; 12:4292. [PMID: 38231740 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are the main toxic components of ambient air particulate matter (PM), causing oxidative damage to the skin and ultimately resulting in skin aging. This study was conducted to determine the anti-oxidant, anti-aging properties and protective effects of the extracts of coffee cherry pulp (Coffea arabica L.), which is a by-product of the coffee industry, against the oxidative damage induced by PAH exposure in human epidermal keratinocytes (HaCaT). Three different techniques were used to extract the coffee cherry pulp: maceration, Soxhlet and ultrasonication to obtain CCM, CCS and CCU extract, respectively, which were then compared to investigate the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC). The chemical compositions were identified and quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results demonstrated that Soxhlet could extract the highest content of chlorogenic acid, caffeine and theophylline. CCS showed the significantly highest TPC (324.6 ± 1.2 mg GAE/g extract), TFC (296.8 ± 1.2 mg QE/g extract), anti-radical activity against DPPH free radicals (98.2 ± 0.8 µM Trolox/g extract) and lipid peroxidation inhibition (136.6 ± 6.2 µM Trolox/g extract). CCS also showed the strongest anti-aging effects based on collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase and tyrosinase inhibitory enzymes. In addition, CCS can protect human keratinocyte cells from PAH toxicity by increasing the cellular anti-oxidant capacity. This study suggests that CCS has the potential to be used as a cosmetic material that helps alleviate skin damage caused by air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weeraya Preedalikit
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Department of Cosmetic Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Chuda Chittasupho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | | | - Kanokwan Kiattisin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Singh SK, Shrivastava S, Mishra AK, Kumar D, Pandey VK, Srivastava P, Pradhan B, Behera BC, Bahuguna A, Baek KH. Friedelin: Structure, Biosynthesis, Extraction, and Its Potential Health Impact. Molecules 2023; 28:7760. [PMID: 38067489 PMCID: PMC10707989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical companies are investigating more source matrices for natural bioactive chemicals. Friedelin (friedelan-3-one) is a pentacyclic triterpene isolated from various plant species from different families as well as mosses and lichen. The fundamental compounds of these friedelane triterpenoids are abundantly found in cork tissues and leaf materials of diverse plant genera such as Celastraceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, and Myrtaceae. They possess many pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Friedelin also has an anti-insect effect and the ability to alter the soil microbial ecology, making it vital to agriculture. Ultrasound, microwave, supercritical fluid, ionic liquid, and acid hydrolysis extract friedelin with reduced environmental impact. Recently, the high demand for friedelin has led to the development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology and gene overexpression plasmids to produce friedelin using genetically engineered yeast. Friedelin with low cytotoxicity to normal cells can be the best phytochemical for the drug of choice. The review summarizes the structural interpretation, biosynthesis, physicochemical properties, quantification, and various forms of pharmacological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Kumar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Shweta Shrivastava
- School of Pharmacy, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Awdhesh Kumar Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Darshan Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Vijay Kant Pandey
- Department of Agriculture, Netaji Subhas University, Jamshedpur 831012, Jharkhand, India;
| | - Pratima Srivastava
- Department of Biotechnology, ARKA Jain University, Jamshedpur 832108, Jharkhand, India; (S.K.S.); (P.S.)
| | - Biswaranjan Pradhan
- S.K. Dash Centre of Excellence of Biosciences and Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Bikash Chandra Behera
- School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, Bhubaneswar 752050, Odisha, India;
| | - Ashutosh Bahuguna
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Aiello F, Malivindi R, Motta MF, Crupi P, Nicoletti R, Benincasa C, Clodoveo ML, Rago V, Spizzirri UG, Restuccia D. Synthesis and Characterization of a Biopolymer Pectin/Ethanolic Extract from Olive Mill Wastewater: In Vitro Safety and Efficacy Tests on Skin Wound Healing. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15075. [PMID: 37894755 PMCID: PMC10606433 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Wound-healing delay is one of the major problems of type 2 diabetes, representing also a clinical emergency in non-healing chronic wounds. Natural antioxidants show interesting wound-healing properties, including those extracted from waste derived from olive oil production. Olive mill wastewater is one of the main by-products of the olive oil-making process, and it is rich in high-value secondary metabolites, mainly hydroxytyrosol. We proposed an eco-friendly extraction method, employing both ultrasound-assisted and Soxhlet techniques and ethanol as a solvent, to recover valuable molecules from Roggianella cv (Olea europea L.) olive mill wastewater, which was further entrapped in a pectin polymer via an enzymatic reaction using porcine pancreatic lipase. Pectin, in combination with other substances, promoted and accelerated wound healing and demonstrated good potential to produce a biomedical conjugate for wound treatment. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and conjugate were evaluated against lipophilic (IC50 equal to 0.152 mg mL-1) and hydrophilic (IC50 equal to 0.0371 mg mL-1) radical species as well as the in vitro cytotoxicity via NRU, h-CLAT, and a wound-healing scratch assay and assessment. The pectin conjugate did not exert hemolytic effects on the peripheral blood, demonstrating interesting wound-healing properties due to its ability to stimulate cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Aiello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.F.M.); (V.R.); (U.G.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Rocco Malivindi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.F.M.); (V.R.); (U.G.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Marisa Francesca Motta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.F.M.); (V.R.); (U.G.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Pasquale Crupi
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University Aldo Moro Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (P.C.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Rosa Nicoletti
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via Settimio Severo 83, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.N.); (C.B.)
- DICEM—Department of European and Mediterranean Cultures: Architecture, Environment, and Cultural Heritage, University of Basilicata, Matera, Via Lanera, 20, 75100 Matera, Italy
| | - Cinzia Benincasa
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via Settimio Severo 83, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.N.); (C.B.)
| | - Maria Lisa Clodoveo
- Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, University Aldo Moro Bari, 70121 Bari, Italy; (P.C.); (M.L.C.)
| | - Vittoria Rago
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.F.M.); (V.R.); (U.G.S.); (D.R.)
| | - Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.F.M.); (V.R.); (U.G.S.); (D.R.)
- Ionian Department of Law, Economics and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 74123 Taranto, Italy
| | - Donatella Restuccia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.F.M.); (V.R.); (U.G.S.); (D.R.)
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10
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Coelho MP, Duarte P, Calado M, Almeida AJ, Reis CP, Gaspar MM. The current role of cannabis and cannabinoids in health: A comprehensive review of their therapeutic potential. Life Sci 2023; 329:121838. [PMID: 37290668 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There has been an increased interest of the scientific community in cannabis and its constituents for therapeutic purposes. Although it is believed that cannabinoids can be effective for a few different conditions and syndromes, there are little objective data that clearly support the use of cannabis, cannabis extracts or even cannabidiol (CBD) oil. This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids for the treatment of several diseases. A broad search covering the past five years, was performed in PubMed and ClinicalTrial.gov databases, to identify papers focusing on the use of medical phytocannabinoids in terms of tolerability, efficacy and safety. Accordingly, there are preclinical data supporting the use of phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids for the management of neurological pathologies, acute and chronical pain, cancer, psychiatric disorders and chemotherapy-induced emetic symptoms. However, regarding the clinical trials, most of the collected data do not fully support the use of cannabinoids in the treatment of such conditions. Consequently, more studies are still needed to clarify ascertain if the use of these compounds is useful in the management of different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Pinto Coelho
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Duarte
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Marta Calado
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António J Almeida
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pinto Reis
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; IBEB, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1649-016 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - M Manuela Gaspar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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11
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Heydari M, Carbone K, Gervasi F, Parandi E, Rouhi M, Rostami O, Abedi-Firoozjah R, Kolahdouz-Nasiri A, Garavand F, Mohammadi R. Cold Plasma-Assisted Extraction of Phytochemicals: A Review. Foods 2023; 12:3181. [PMID: 37685115 PMCID: PMC10486403 DOI: 10.3390/foods12173181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been growing interest in bioactive plant compounds for their beneficial effects on health and for their potential in reducing the risk of developing certain diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. The extraction techniques conventionally used to obtain these phytocompounds, however, due to the use of toxic solvents and high temperatures, tend to be supplanted by innovative and unconventional techniques, in line with the demand for environmental and economic sustainability of new chemical processes. Among non-thermal technologies, cold plasma (CP), which has been successfully used for some years in the food industry as a treatment to improve food shelf life, seems to be one of the most promising solutions in green extraction processes. CP is characterized by its low environmental impact, low cost, and better extraction yield of phytochemicals, saving time, energy, and solvents compared with other classical extraction processes. In light of these considerations, this review aims to provide an overview of the potential and critical issues related to the use of CP in the extraction of phytochemicals, particularly polyphenols and essential oils. To review the current knowledge status and future insights of CP in this sector, a bibliometric study, providing quantitative information on the research activity based on the available published scientific literature, was carried out by the VOSviewer software (v. 1.6.18). Scientometric analysis has seen an increase in scientific studies over the past two years, underlining the growing interest of the scientific community in this natural substance extraction technique. The literature studies analyzed have shown that, in general, the use of CP was able to increase the yield of essential oil and polyphenols. Furthermore, the composition of the phytoextract obtained with CP would appear to be influenced by process parameters such as intensity (power and voltage), treatment time, and the working gas used. In general, the studies analyzed showed that the best yields in terms of total polyphenols and the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the phytoextracts were obtained using mild process conditions and nitrogen as the working gas. The use of CP as a non-conventional extraction technique is very recent, and further studies are needed to better understand the optimal process conditions to be adopted, and above all, in-depth studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms of plasma-plant matrix interaction to verify the possibility of any side reactions that could generate, in a highly oxidative environment, potentially hazardous substances, which would limit the exploitation of this technique at the industrial level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahshid Heydari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851552, Iran; (M.H.)
| | - Katya Carbone
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Rome, Italy;
| | - Fabio Gervasi
- CREA Research Centre for Olive, Fruit and Citrus Crops, Via di Fioranello 52, 00134 Rome, Italy;
| | - Ehsan Parandi
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Karaj 3158777871, Iran
| | - Milad Rouhi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851552, Iran
| | - Omid Rostami
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences, Food Science and Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Reza Abedi-Firoozjah
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851552, Iran; (M.H.)
| | - Azin Kolahdouz-Nasiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851552, Iran; (M.H.)
| | - Farhad Garavand
- Department of Food Chemistry & Technology, Teagasc Moorepark Food Research Centre, Fermoy, Co., P61 C996 Cork, Ireland
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6719851552, Iran
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12
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Karimzadeh HR, Farhang HR, Rahimmalek M, Esfahani MT. Spatio-temporal variations of extract produced and fatty acid compounds identified of Gundelia tournefortii L. seeds in central Zagros, Iran. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7665. [PMID: 37169779 PMCID: PMC10175287 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to fulfill two aims. The first aim was to isolate the seed extract of Gundelia tournefortii L. at two phenological stages of seed production (the beginning and end of seed production); the second one was to identify the fatty acid compounds of G. tournefortii L. seeds in its major habitats located in the Central Zagros region, Iran. Among them, some of the major environmental factors on the reproductive growth stage i.e., physiography, soil and climate were studied. Extraction was performed using the Soxhlet apparatus, and the fatty acid compounds were identified by The GC-FID analysis. As a result, site No. 5 with the values of 6.06 and 7.21 g had the highest amount of extract produced, while sites number 7 and 8 had the least one which was 2.86 and 3.84 g at two phenological stages of seed production. There was a strong correlation among the major environmental variables and the amount of extract produced in the phenological stages of seed production; this was also confirmed in relation to the fatty acid compounds and some of their characteristics. Overall, the efficacy of environmental factors on the synthesis process of secondary metabolites is undeniable.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Karimzadeh
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran.
| | - H R Farhang
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - M Rahimmalek
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - M Tarkesh Esfahani
- Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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13
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Gabsi M, Ferkous H, Delimi A, Boublia A, Boulechfar C, Kahlouche A, Darwish AS, Lemaoui T, Benguerba Y. The curious case of polyphenols as green corrosion inhibitors: a review on their extraction, design, and applications. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:59081-59105. [PMID: 37017845 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26753-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Over the past century, a substantial amount of research focused on developing corrosion inhibitors, with a special focus on green "plant-based" corrosion inhibitors. Among the various types of inhibitors, polyphenols emerged as a promising candidate due to their advantageous characteristics, which include being inexpensive, biodegradable, renewable, and, most importantly, safe for both the environment and humans. Their performance as sustainable corrosion inhibitors have encouraged many electrochemical experiments as well as theoretical, mechanistic, and computational studies, with many papers reporting inhibition efficiencies of over 85%. In this review, the majority of literature contributions on the inhibition of various types of polyphenols, their natural extraction techniques, and their applications as "greener" corrosion inhibitors for metals are thoroughly described and discussed with a focus on their preparation, inhibition mechanism, and performance. Based on the reviewed literature, it can be concluded that polyphenols have a very promising potential to be used as both green and powerful corrosion inhibitors; therefore, further investigations, experimental or computational, are still required to realize higher inhibition efficiencies reaching up to ≈ 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Gabsi
- Laboratoire de Génie mécanique et Matériaux, Faculté de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
- Département de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Hana Ferkous
- Laboratoire de Génie mécanique et Matériaux, Faculté de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
- Département de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Amel Delimi
- Laboratoire de Génie mécanique et Matériaux, Faculté de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
- Département de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Abir Boublia
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Hauts Polymères (LPCHP), Département de Génie des Procédés, Faculté de Technologie, Université Ferhat ABBAS Sétif-1, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Chérifa Boulechfar
- Laboratoire de Génie mécanique et Matériaux, Faculté de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
- Département de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
| | - Abdesalem Kahlouche
- Laboratoire de Génie mécanique et Matériaux, Faculté de Technologie, Université de Skikda, 21000, Skikda, Algeria
- CRTI Research Centre in Industrial Technologies-CRTI P.O. Box 64, Cheraga, 16014, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Ahmad S Darwish
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University of Science and Technology, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, UAE
| | - Tarek Lemaoui
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Université Ferhat ABBAS Sétif-1, Sétif, Algeria
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Université Ferhat ABBAS Sétif-1, Sétif, Algeria.
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14
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Bai X, Yin F, Ru A, Tian W, Chen Q, Chai R, Liu Y, Cui W, Li J, Yin M, Zhu C, Zhao G. Effect of slaughter age and postmortem aging time on tenderness and water-holding capacity of yak (Bos grunniens) longissimus thoracis muscle. Meat Sci 2023; 202:109201. [PMID: 37120977 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2023.109201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of slaughter age (2.43 ± 0.20, 4.15 ± 0.19, 6.62 ± 0.18, 10.59 ± 0.74 years) and postmortem aging time (1, 24, and 72 h) on the tenderness and water-holding capacity (WHC) of yak longissimus thoracis muscles to determine the most suitable age for slaughter to ensure product consistency. Under conventional postmortem aging conditions (4 °C), muscles of each age group exhibited the effect of cold shortening. Once the cold shortening occurred, the age effect on thickening muscle fiber and developing cross-links of collagen, considered to intensify the meat toughness, became less important. Owing to greater carcass weight and intramuscular fat, muscles of the older carcass (over 6-year-old) were less influenced by the cold shortening effect during the chilling process and showed lessened sarcomere contraction, delayed formation of drip loss channels, and increased level of myofibril fragmentation index (MFI) and myofiber structural disintegration, resulting in greater tenderness and WHC, especially 6-7 years group. Aging of 72 h structurally disintegrated the collagen cross-linking and integrity of muscle fibers and elevated the MFI, improving the meat tenderness. Therefore, the suitable slaughter age for yak is 6-7 years old and after 72 h aging, improved quality of yak meat can be obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyuan Bai
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Feng Yin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Ang Ru
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wei Tian
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Qingwen Chen
- National Beef Cattle and Yak Industry Technology System Qinghai Yak Breeding and Promotion Service Center, Xining 810016, China
| | - Rong Chai
- National Beef Cattle and Yak Industry Technology System Qinghai Yak Breeding and Promotion Service Center, Xining 810016, China
| | - Yanxia Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Wenming Cui
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jiahui Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Mancai Yin
- National Beef Cattle and Yak Industry Technology System Qinghai Yak Breeding and Promotion Service Center, Xining 810016, China
| | - Chaozhi Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
| | - Gaiming Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China; Henan Key Lab of Meat Processing and Quality Safety Control, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.
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15
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Carriço CM, Tiritan ME, Cidade H, Afonso C, Silva JRE, Almeida IF. Added-Value Compounds in Cork By-Products: Methods for Extraction, Identification, and Quantification of Compounds with Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Interest. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083465. [PMID: 37110699 PMCID: PMC10144513 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The growing threat of climatic crisis and fossil fuel extinction has caused a boom in sustainability trends. Consumer demand for so-called eco-friendly products has been steadily increasing, built upon the foundation of environmental protection and safeguarding for future generations. A natural product that has been used for centuries is cork, resulting from the outer bark of Quercus suber L. Currently, its major application is the production of cork stoppers for the wine industry, a process that, although considered sustainable, generates by-products in the form of cork powder, cork granulates, or waste such as black condensate, among others. These residues possess constituents of interest for the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, as they exhibit relevant bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant. This interesting potential brings forth the need to develop methods for their extraction, isolation, identification, and quantification. The aim of this work is to describe the potential of cork by-products for the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry and to assemble the available extraction, isolation, and analytical methods applied to cork by-products, as well the biological assays. To our knowledge, this compilation has never been done, and it opens new avenues for the development of new applications for cork by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Morais Carriço
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Elizabeth Tiritan
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Honorina Cidade
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Carlos Afonso
- Laboratory of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- CIIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, S/N, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Joana Rocha E Silva
- Dimas & Silva, Lda. Industry, Rua Central de Goda 345, 4535-167 Mozelos, Portugal
| | - Isabel F Almeida
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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Optimization of supercritical fluid extraction of polar flavonoids from Robinia pseudoacacia L. heartwood. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
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17
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Naik NM, Krishnaveni M, Mahadevswamy M, Bheemanna M, Nidoni U, Kumar V, Tejashri K. Characterization of phyto-components with antimicrobial traits in supercritical carbon dioxide and soxhlet Prosopis juliflora leaves extract using GC-MS. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4064. [PMID: 36906627 PMCID: PMC10008579 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30390-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to screen the bioactive compounds from Prosopis juliflora leaf supercritical fluid extract and to assess its antimicrobial properties. Supercritical carbon dioxide and Soxhlet methods were used for extraction. The extract was subjected to Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS) and Fourier Transform Infrared for the characterization of the phyto-components. When compared to soxhlet extraction, more components (35) were eluted by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), according to GC-MS screening. Rhizoctonia bataticola, Alternaria alternata, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides were all successfully inhibited by P. juliflora leaf SFE extract, which demonstrated strong antifungal properties with mycelium percent inhibition of 94.07%, 93.15%, and 92.43%, respectively, compared to extract from Soxhlet, which registered 55.31%, 75.63% and 45.13% mycelium inhibition respectively. Also, SFE P. juliflora extracts registered higher zone of inhibition 13.90 mm, 14.47 mm and 14.53 mm against all three test food-borne bacterial pathogens viz Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus respectively. Results obtained from GC-MS screening revealed that SFE is more efficient than soxhlet extraction in recovering the phyto-components. P. juliflora may provide antimicrobial agents, a novel natural inhibitory metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraj M Naik
- Pesticide Residue and Food Quality Analysis Laboratory, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India.
| | - M Krishnaveni
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - M Mahadevswamy
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - M Bheemanna
- Pesticide Residue and Food Quality Analysis Laboratory, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - Udaykumar Nidoni
- Department of Processing and Food Engineering, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - Vasant Kumar
- Pesticide Residue and Food Quality Analysis Laboratory, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
| | - K Tejashri
- Pesticide Residue and Food Quality Analysis Laboratory, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
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18
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Rehman S, Bhatti A, John P. Computational analysis to investigate the anti-rheumatic potential of plant-based small molecule inhibitor targeting tumor necrosis factor α. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1127201. [PMID: 36825150 PMCID: PMC9941324 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1127201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to assess the anti-rheumatic potential of Dodonaea viscosa and to evaluate its bioactive small molecules for their beneficial effects in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods: In vitro bioactivity assays were performed to assess the healing potential of D. viscosa and statistical analysis was performed by using the linear regression technique. In silico analysis was performed to identify the key inhibitors of the disease to target TNF-α. The plant extract was prepared using ethanol solvent via the Soxhlet method. Phytochemical and bioactivity testing was performed. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was conducted for bioactive plant compounds. Disease-specific target was shortlisted by HUB gene analysis. Molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations were run for validation of the results. Results: Phytochemical studies verified the presence of phenols, flavonoids, steroids, sterols, saponins, coumarins, tannins, and terpenoids. The significant antioxidant potential of plant extract was evaluated by the DPPH and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assays, while the anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated by the protein denaturation and Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) membrane stabilization assays. In silico studies revealed that nine of the 480 compounds found in D. viscosa (ethanol extract) had drug-like properties. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was selected as a key disease gene through HUB gene analysis. Results of molecular docking and MD simulation analysis demonstrated that 4-(1-hydroxy-3-oxo-1H-isoindol-2-yl) benzoic acid (PubChemID 18873897), had the best binding affinity with TNF-α amongst all nine compounds. Conclusion: 4-(1-hydroxy-3-oxo-1H-isoindol-2-yl) benzoic acid (PubChemID 18873897), have the potential to be a good small molecule inhibitor of TNF-α against rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanaya Rehman
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Peter John
- Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-Ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan
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19
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Mu X, Ma J, Liu F, MengqinYao, He L. The solvent extraction is a potential choice to recover asphalt from unconventional oil ores. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
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20
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Silva SS, Justi M, Chagnoleau JB, Papaiconomou N, Fernandez X, Santos SA, Passos H, Ferreira AM, Coutinho JA. Using biobased solvents for the extraction of phenolic compounds from kiwifruit industry waste. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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A comparison of conventional and novel phytonutrient extraction techniques from various sources and their potential applications. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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22
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Bioactive Compounds from Elderberry: Extraction, Health Benefits, and Food Applications. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10112288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Elderberries are appreciated for their antioxidant properties. Sambucus nigra L. is an extremely abundant plant in the wild flora of Romania, but it is underutilized. Elderberry is used in modern and traditional medicine due to the complex chemical composition of the fruit. The content of phenolic compounds is high (516–8974 mg/100 g DW), of which the most abundant are anthocyanins. Phenolic compounds are known for their beneficial effects on the body. Numerous studies have demonstrated the antioxidant capacity, antibacterial, antiviral, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties of the fruit. It is considered that most of the therapeutic properties of elderberries can be correlated with the antioxidant activity they have. S. nigra fruits are also used in the food industry. Some studies have shown that the therapeutic properties of elderberries can also be found in the products obtained from them. Therefore, this review aimed to describe the chemical composition of elderberries and products obtained from them, the positive effects on the body, and the methods by which the bioactive compounds can be extracted from the fruits and analyzed. This manuscript is useful for extraction optimization and characterization in order to valorize new functional foods, food supplements, and also in new pharmaceutical products.
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Andrographis paniculata extract as an immunity modulator against cancer via telomerase inhibition. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:319. [PMID: 36245958 PMCID: PMC9549450 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03373-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In accordance with the importance of telomerase inhibition as a potential target in cancer therapy, and increasing reports on the association between short telomeres and severe COVID-19 symptoms as well as extensive application of Andrographis paniculata as a remedy for both cancer and SARS-CoV-2, the present study aimed at investigating the impact of the plant’s extracts on telomerase activity (as an important enzyme regulating telomere length). Telomerase inhibition in MCF-7 cells treated with the Dichloromethane, ethanol, water, and methanol extracts of A. paniculata was assessed using Telomerase Repeated Amplification Protocol (TRAP). The above-mentioned extracts inhibited telomerase by 80.3 ± 1.4%, 78.5 ± 1.35%, 77.5 ± 1.81%, and 73.7 ± 1.81%, respectively. Furthermore, the flow cytometry analysis showed that the water and methanol extracts induced higher rates of total apoptosis by 32.8% and 25%, respectively, compared with dichloromethane (10.07%) and ethanol (10.7%) extracts. The inhibitory effect of A. paniculata on telomerase activity can be considered as a potential immunity modulator in cancer therapy; however, telomerase inhibition as a safe approach to SARS-CoV-2 is arguable. Two mechanisms can be considered accordingly; (a) reducing the existing population of short telomeres via telomerase inhibition in cancer cells (arresting proliferation and finally cell death) may decrease the susceptibility against SARS-CoV-2, especially in cancer patients or patients prone to cancer, and (b) increasing the population of short telomeres via telomerase inhibition in normal/somatic cells may increase the susceptibility against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the telomerase inhibition of A. paniculata as an immunity modulator in cancer and COVID-19 should be investigated, carefully.
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Promhuad K, Srisa A, San H, Laorenza Y, Wongphan P, Sodsai J, Tansin K, Phromphen P, Chartvivatpornchai N, Ngoenchai P, Harnkarnsujarit N. Applications of Hemp Polymers and Extracts in Food, Textile and Packaging: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14204274. [PMID: 36297852 PMCID: PMC9612365 DOI: 10.3390/polym14204274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemp (Cannabis sativa Linn.) is a high-yielding annual crop farmed for its stalk fiber and oil-producing seeds. This specialized crop is currently experiencing a revival in production. Hemp fiber contains pectin, hemicellulose and lignin with superior strength, while hemp seed oil contains unsaturated triglycerides with well-established nutritional and physiological properties. Therefore, focus on the utilization of hemp in various industries is increasing globally. This study reviewed recent applications of hemp components, including fiber and extract, in food, textile and packaging applications. Hemp fibers mainly consisting of cellulose derivatives have superior strength to be used as reinforcements in thermoplastic packaging and paper. Combined physical and chemical modifications of hemp fibers improved mechanical and barrier properties of composite materials. Physically and chemically processed hemp extracts have been used in food and non-food applications. Functional foods containing hemp oils deliver nutrients by their unsaturated lipids. High-quality hemp fiber with several fiber modifications has been applied in garments. Innovative applications of hemp components and by-products are increasing, thereby facilitating utilization of green sustainable biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khwanchat Promhuad
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Atcharawan Srisa
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Horman San
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Yeyen Laorenza
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Phanwipa Wongphan
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Janenutch Sodsai
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Kittichai Tansin
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Phannaphat Phromphen
- Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Nawarat Chartvivatpornchai
- Department of Textile Science, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Phurit Ngoenchai
- Department of Product Development, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
| | - Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit
- Department of Packaging and Materials Technology, Faculty of Agro-Industry, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Center for Advanced Studies for Agriculture and Food, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Latyao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2562-5045
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Donn P, Prieto MA, Mejuto JC, Cao H, Simal-Gandara J. Functional foods based on the recovery of bioactive ingredients from food and algae by-products by emerging extraction technologies and 3D printing. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Mane S, Kumari P, Singh A, Taneja NK, Chopra R. Amelioration for oxidative stability and bioavailability of N-3 PUFA enriched microalgae oil: an overview. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:2579-2600. [PMID: 36128949 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2124505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Technological improvements in dietary supplements and nutraceuticals have highlighted the significance of bioactive molecules in a healthy lifestyle. Eicosapentaenoic acid and Cervonic acid (DHA), omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids seem to be famed for their ability to prevent diverse physiological abnormalities. Selection of appropriate pretreatments and extraction techniques for extraction of lipids from robust microalgae cell wall are very important to retain their stability and bioactivity. Therefore, extraction techniques with optimized extraction parameters offer an excellent approach for obtaining quality oil with a high yield. Oils enriched in omega-3 are particularly imperiled to oxidation which ultimately affects customer acceptance. Bio active encapsulation could be one of the effective approaches to overcome this dilemma. This review paper aims to give insight into the cultivation methods, and downstream processes, various lipid extraction approaches, techniques for retaining oxidative stability, bioavailability and food applications based on extracted or encapsulated omega-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Mane
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Purnima Kumari
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Anupama Singh
- Department of Food Engineering, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Neetu Kumra Taneja
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Rajni Chopra
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM), Sonipat, Haryana, India
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Extraction of High-Value Chemicals from Plants for Technical and Medical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810334. [PMID: 36142238 PMCID: PMC9499410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants produce a variety of high-value chemicals (e.g., secondary metabolites) which have a plethora of biological activities, which may be utilised in many facets of industry (e.g., agrisciences, cosmetics, drugs, neutraceuticals, household products, etc.). Exposure to various different environments, as well as their treatment (e.g., exposure to chemicals), can influence the chemical makeup of these plants and, in turn, which chemicals will be prevalent within them. Essential oils (EOs) usually have complex compositions (>300 organic compounds, e.g., alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, saponins and terpenes) and are obtained from botanically defined plant raw materials by dry/steam distillation or a suitable mechanical process (without heating). In certain cases, an antioxidant may be added to the EO (EOs are produced by more than 17,500 species of plants, but only ca. 250 EOs are commercially available). The interesting bioactivity of the chemicals produced by plants renders them high in value, motivating investment in their production, extraction and analysis. Traditional methods for effectively extracting plant-derived biomolecules include cold pressing and hydro/steam distillation; newer methods include solvent/Soxhlet extractions and sustainable processes that reduce waste, decrease processing times and deliver competitive yields, examples of which include microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), subcritical water extraction (SWE) and supercritical CO2 extraction (scCO2). Once extracted, analytical techniques such as chromatography and mass spectrometry may be used to analyse the contents of the high-value extracts within a given feedstock. The bioactive components, which can be used in a variety of formulations and products (e.g., displaying anti-aging, antibacterial, anticancer, anti-depressive, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiparasitic, antiviral and anti-stress properties), are biorenewable high-value chemicals.
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Malyushevskaya AP, Tsurkin VN, Ivanov AV, Yushchishina AN. Intensifying the Processes of Polysaccharide Extraction from Plant Raw Materials under the Action of an Electric Current. SURFACE ENGINEERING AND APPLIED ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.3103/s1068375522040111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zhou J, Wang M, Saraiva JA, Martins AP, Pinto CA, Prieto MA, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J, Barba FJ. Extraction of lipids from microalgae using classical and innovative approaches. Food Chem 2022; 384:132236. [PMID: 35240572 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae, as a photosynthetic autotrophic organism, contain a variety of bioactive compounds, including lipids, proteins, polysaccharides, which have been applied in food, medicine, and fuel industries, among others. Microalgae are considered a good source of marine lipids due to their high content in unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) and can be used as a supplement/replacement for fish-based oil. The high concentration of docosahexaenoic (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) in microalgae lipids, results in important physiological functions, such as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulation, being also a prerequisite for its development and application. In this paper, a variety of approaches for the extraction of lipids from microalgae were reviewed, including classical and innovative approaches, being the advantages and disadvantages of these methods emphasized. Further, the effects of microalgae lipids as high value bioactive compounds in human health and their use for several applications are dealt with, aiming using green(er) and effective methods to extract lipids from microalgae, as well as develop and extend their application potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Zhou
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Min Wang
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology-National Research Council (IATA-CSIC), Agustin Escardino 7, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Jorge A Saraiva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana P Martins
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Carlos A Pinto
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Miguel A Prieto
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Barba
- Nutrition and Food Science Area, Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés, s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
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Microencapsulation of Essential Oils: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091730. [PMID: 35566899 PMCID: PMC9099681 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) are complex mixtures of volatile compounds extracted from different parts of plants by different methods. There is a large diversity of these natural substances with varying properties that lead to their common use in several areas. The agrochemical, pharmaceutical, medical, food, and textile industry, as well as cosmetic and hygiene applications are some of the areas where EOs are widely included. To overcome the limitation of EOs being highly volatile and reactive, microencapsulation has become one of the preferred methods to retain and control these compounds. This review explores the techniques for extracting essential oils from aromatic plant matter. Microencapsulation strategies and the available technologies are also reviewed, along with an in-depth overview of the current research and application of microencapsulated EOs.
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Borjan D, Šeregelj V, Andrejč DC, Pezo L, Šaponjac VT, Knez Ž, Vulić J, Marevci MK. Green Techniques for Preparation of Red Beetroot Extracts with Enhanced Biological Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:805. [PMID: 35624669 PMCID: PMC9138100 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Red beetroot is well known for its high proportion of betalains, with great potential as functional food ingredients due to their health-promoting properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of processing techniques such as Soxhlet, cold, ultrasound and supercritical fluid extraction on the betalains content and its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antihyperglycemic activities. Whilst Soxhlet extraction with water has provided the highest yield, the highest content of total phenolics was found in an extract prepared using Soxhlet extraction with 50% ethanol. Amongst eight phenolic compounds detected in the extracts, protocatechuic acid was the most abundant. The concentrations of total phenolics ranged from 12.09 mg/g (ultrasound extraction with 30% methanol) to 18.60 mg/g (Soxhlet extraction with 50% ethanol). The highest anti-inflammatory activity was observed for cold extraction with 50% methanol extract. The high radical scavenging activity of supercritical fluid extracts could be a consequence of nonphenolic compounds. The chemometrics approach was further used to analyse the results to find the "greenest" method for further possible application in the processing of beetroot in the food and/or pharmaceutical industry. According to the standard score, the best extraction method was determined to be Soxhlet extraction with 50% ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dragana Borjan
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (D.C.A.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Vanja Šeregelj
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.Š.); (V.T.Š.); (J.V.)
| | - Darija Cör Andrejč
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (D.C.A.); (Ž.K.)
| | - Lato Pezo
- Institute of General and Physical Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Vesna Tumbas Šaponjac
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.Š.); (V.T.Š.); (J.V.)
| | - Željko Knez
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (D.C.A.); (Ž.K.)
- Laboratory for Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Jelena Vulić
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia; (V.Š.); (V.T.Š.); (J.V.)
| | - Maša Knez Marevci
- Laboratory for Separation Processes and Product Design, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (D.B.); (D.C.A.); (Ž.K.)
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Phytocompounds as an Alternative Antimicrobial Approach in Aquaculture. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11040469. [PMID: 35453220 PMCID: PMC9031819 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite culturing the fastest-growing animal in animal husbandry, fish farmers are often adversely economically affected by pathogenic disease outbreaks across the world. Although there are available solutions such as the application of antibiotics to mitigate this phenomenon, the excessive and injudicious use of antibiotics has brought with it major concerns to the community at large, mainly due to the rapid development of resistant bacteria. At present, the use of natural compounds such as phytocompounds that can be an alternative to antibiotics is being explored to address the issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). These phytocompounds are bioactive agents that can be found in many species of plants and hold much potential. In this review, we will discuss phytocompounds extracted from plants that have been evidenced to contain antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral and antiparasitic activities. Further, it has also been found that compounds such as terpenes, phenolics, saponins and alkaloids can be beneficial to the aquaculture industry when applied. This review will focus mainly on compounds that have been identified between 2000 and 2021. It is hoped this review will shed light on promising phytocompounds that can potentially and effectively mitigate AMR.
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KOÇANCI FG, NİĞDELİOĞLU S, ASLIM B. Comparison of three different protocols of alkaloid extraction from Glaucium corniculatum plant. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SECONDARY METABOLITE 2022. [DOI: 10.21448/ijsm.980171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Plant Sources: Types, Synthesis, and Their Therapeutic Uses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/ijpb13010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are the source of various photochemicals; metabolites are used in medicinal and environmental sectors as well as being widely used in commercial and pharmaceutical products. Although they produce a number of medicinal products, either already on the market or under trial, the amounts obtained from plant sources are very minute or difficult to synthesize at an industrial level due to the complex chemical composition and chirality exhibited by these compounds. However, plant cell cultures offer a good alternative for the consistent production of desired secondary metabolites under the influence of precursors and elicitors. In this review, we discuss the various aspects of secondary metabolites, production synthesis, and sources of medical products from plant sources.
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Song N, Tian Y, Luo Z, Dai J, Liu Y, Duan Y. Advances in pretreatment and analysis methods of aromatic hydrocarbons in soil. RSC Adv 2022; 12:6099-6113. [PMID: 35424557 PMCID: PMC8981609 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08633b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Benzene compounds that are prevalent in the soil as organic pollutants mainly include BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and three xylene isomers) and PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons). These pose a severe threat to many aspects of human health. Therefore, the accurate measurement of BTEX and PAHs concentrations in the soil is of great importance. The samples for analysis of BTEX and PAHs need to be suitable for the various detection methods after pretreatment, which include Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction, solid-phase microextraction, supercritical extraction, and needle trap. The detection techniques mainly consist of gas chromatography (GC), mass spectrometry (MS), and online sensors, and provide comprehensive information on contaminants in the soil. Their performance is evaluated in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and recovery. Recently, there has been rapid progress in the pretreatment and analysis methods for the quantitative and qualitative analyses of BTEX and PAHs. Therefore, it is necessary to produce a timely and in-depth review of the emerging pretreatment and analysis methods, which is unfortunately absent from the recent literature. In this work, state-of-art extraction techniques and analytical methods have been summarized for the determination of BTEX and PAHs in soil, with a particular focus on the potential and limitations of the respective methods for different aromatic hydrocarbons. Accordingly, the paper will describe the basic methodological knowledge, as well as the recent advancement of pretreatment and analysis methods for samples containing BTEX and PAHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Song
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Yonghui Tian
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Zewei Luo
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Jianxiong Dai
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Yan Liu
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry & Materials Science, Northwest University Xi'an Shaanxi 710069 P. R.China
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Efficient Isolation and Structure Analysis of (+)-Ranuncoside, a Unique Tricyclic Spiroacetal Glycoside, from Christmas Rose (Helleborus niger L.). Nat Prod Commun 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x211069456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of medicinal herbs as remedies reaches back to the Stone Age, and their importance as a source of drugs has continuously increased since then. Herbal ingredients can serve as active pharmaceuticals themselves or as lead substances for the development of synthetic pharmaceuticals with less toxicity, higher effectiveness or with new properties. To date, only 6% of the ∼600,000 plants on earth have been tested pharmacologically. Among these, the medicinal plant Helleborus niger L. (Christmas rose) is especially promising because its leaves contain ( + )-ranuncoside 1, characterized by a spiroacetal ring system, a motif which is responsible for the biological activity of a multitude of natural products. Structure-activity relationship studies of ( + )-ranuncoside 1 are lacking and no synthesis of 1 has been described yet. Therefore, we developed a protocol for the rapid and efficient isolation of 1 from the leaves of cultivated Christmas rose. Crystals of high purity were obtained that enabled us to study the stereochemistry of 1 by NMR spectroscopy in solution for the first time. The spiro configuration, the absolute stereochemistry, and the geometry of all three rings was then confirmed by x-ray structure analysis. Our data will enable future structure-activity relationship studies to assess the potential of 1 as a lead substance for the development of novel antibiotics and anticancer agents.
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Extraction of Pecan nut (Carya illinoinensis) oil using different techniques and its antitumor potential in human cancer cells. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Moharkar S, Dhamole PB, Gole VL. Integrated ultrasound-mediated sugaring-out extraction of erythromycin from fermentation broth. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Pandey A, Belwal T, Tamta S, Rawal RS. Optimized extraction of polyphenolic antioxidants from the leaves of Himalayan Oak species. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0259350. [PMID: 34731221 PMCID: PMC8565745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study heat-assisted extraction conditions were optimized to enhance extraction yield of antioxidant polyphenols from leaves of Himalayan Quercus species. In initial experiments, a five-factor Plackett-Burman design including 12 experimental runs was tested against the total polyphenolic content (TP). Amongst, XA: extraction temperature, XC: solvent concentration and XE: sample-to-solvent ratio had shown significant influence on yield. These influential factors were further subject to a three-factor-three-level Box-Wilson Central Composite Design; including 20 experimental runs and 3D response surface methodology plots were used to determine optimum conditions [i.e. XA: (80°C), XC:(87%), XE: (1g/40ml)].This optimized condition was further used in other Quercus species of western Himalaya, India. The High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) revealed occurrence of 12 polyphenols in six screened Quercus species with the highest concentration of catechin followed by gallic acid. Amongest, Q. franchetii and Q. serrata shared maximum numbers of polyphenolic antioxidants (8 in each). This optimized extraction condition of Quercus species can be utilized for precise quantification of polyphenols and their use in pharmaceutical industries as a potential substitute of synthetic polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aseesh Pandey
- G.B. Pant ‘National Institute of Himalayan Environment’ (NIHE), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
- G.B. Pant ‘National Institute of Himalayan Environment’ (NIHE), Sikkim Regional Centre, Gangtok, East Sikkim, India
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Tarun Belwal
- G.B. Pant ‘National Institute of Himalayan Environment’ (NIHE), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sushma Tamta
- Department of Botany, D.S.B. Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ranbeer S. Rawal
- G.B. Pant ‘National Institute of Himalayan Environment’ (NIHE), Almora, Uttarakhand, India
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Trolles-Cavalcante SYT, Dutta A, Sofer Z, Borenstein A. The effectiveness of Soxhlet extraction as a simple method for GO rinsing as a precursor of high-quality graphene. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:5292-5300. [PMID: 36132643 PMCID: PMC9418454 DOI: 10.1039/d1na00382h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Graphite-oxide (GO) is a valuable compound produced by the chemical oxidation of graphite. The procedure for converting graphite into GO includes two steps: oxidation and subsequent rinsing. Proper rinsing is essential to obtain processable and applicable graphite-oxide. Traditionally, the rinsing involves filtration or centrifugation; both processes are extremely time-consuming, expensive, unsafe, and produce environmentally hazardous liquid waste in large volume. This study reveals an alternative method to rinse graphite-oxide using a Soxhlet extractor. Since only the vapor of the solvent is used for washing, Soxhlet rinsing offers reuse of the same solvent for many automatic subsequent cycles, leading to considerable solvent savings, reducing pollutants and work time, and ensuring safer production. The quality of the produced GO is evaluated by Raman spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), elemental analysis, and electron microscopy. Moreover, we test the electrochemical performances of reduced GO (rGO), the main final product of graphite-oxide. Finally, we discuss the benefits involved in the suggested rinsing method and compare its profitability with traditional methods. Soxhlet rinsing is favored environmentally and economically. Particularly, the automatic operation of many washing sequences saves labor time, and the reuse of the washing solvent spares a large volume of chemically deleterious solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asmita Dutta
- Department of Chemical Science, Ariel University Ariel Israel +972 556802624
| | - Zdenek Sofer
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technicka 5 166 28 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Arie Borenstein
- Department of Chemical Science, Ariel University Ariel Israel +972 556802624
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Khadhraoui B, Ummat V, Tiwari BK, Fabiano-Tixier AS, Chemat F. Review of ultrasound combinations with hybrid and innovative techniques for extraction and processing of food and natural products. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 76:105625. [PMID: 34147916 PMCID: PMC8225985 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasound has a significant effect on the rate of various processes in food, perfume, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, bio-fuel, materials, or fine chemical industries, despite some shortcomings. Combination with other conventional or innovative techniques can overcome these limitations, enhance energy, momentum and mass transfer, and has been successfully demonstrated in many recent studies. Various ultrasound combined hybrid and innovative techniques are systematically summarized in this review for the first time. Ultrasound can be combined with diverse conventional techniques including Soxhlet, Clevenger, enzyme, hydrotropes, ionic liquids, Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) or Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES), to enhance mixing and micro-mixing, reduced thermal and concentration gradients, and selective extraction. Moreover, combinations of ultrasound with other innovative techniques such as microwave, extrusion, supercritical fluid, subcritical and pressure liquids, Instant controlled pressure drop (DIC), Pulsed Electric Field (PEF), Ultra-Violet (UV) or Infra-Red (IR) radiations, Counter-current chromatography (CCC), or centrifugal partition chromatographs (CPC) can enable reduced equipment size, faster response to process control, faster start-up, increased production, and elimination of process steps. The theories and applications of these ultrasound combined hybrid and innovative techniques as well as their advantages and limitations are compared, and further perspectives are proposed. This review provides new insights into advances in ultrasound combined techniques and their application at research, educational, and industrial level in modern food and plant-based chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Khadhraoui
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Extraction Team, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - V Ummat
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - B K Tiwari
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland.
| | - A S Fabiano-Tixier
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Extraction Team, 84000 Avignon, France
| | - F Chemat
- Avignon University, INRAE, UMR408, GREEN Extraction Team, 84000 Avignon, France.
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Flieger J, Flieger W, Baj J, Maciejewski R. Antioxidants: Classification, Natural Sources, Activity/Capacity Measurements, and Usefulness for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4135. [PMID: 34361329 PMCID: PMC8347950 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Natural extracts are the source of many antioxidant substances. They have proven useful not only as supplements preventing diseases caused by oxidative stress and food additives preventing oxidation but also as system components for the production of metallic nanoparticles by the so-called green synthesis. This is important given the drastically increased demand for nanomaterials in biomedical fields. The source of ecological technology for producing nanoparticles can be plants or microorganisms (yeast, algae, cyanobacteria, fungi, and bacteria). This review presents recently published research on the green synthesis of nanoparticles. The conditions of biosynthesis and possible mechanisms of nanoparticle formation with the participation of bacteria are presented. The potential of natural extracts for biogenic synthesis depends on the content of reducing substances. The assessment of the antioxidant activity of extracts as multicomponent mixtures is still a challenge for analytical chemistry. There is still no universal test for measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC). There are many in vitro chemical tests that quantify the antioxidant scavenging activity of free radicals and their ability to chelate metals and that reduce free radical damage. This paper presents the classification of antioxidants and non-enzymatic methods of testing antioxidant capacity in vitro, with particular emphasis on methods based on nanoparticles. Examples of recent studies on the antioxidant activity of natural extracts obtained from different species such as plants, fungi, bacteria, algae, lichens, actinomycetes were collected, giving evaluation methods, reference antioxidants, and details on the preparation of extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Flieger
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Flieger
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
| | - Ryszard Maciejewski
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (W.F.); (J.B.); (R.M.)
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Lazarjani MP, Young O, Kebede L, Seyfoddin A. Processing and extraction methods of medicinal cannabis: a narrative review. J Cannabis Res 2021; 3:32. [PMID: 34281626 PMCID: PMC8290527 DOI: 10.1186/s42238-021-00087-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As the cannabis industry transitions from a black market to a legal market, product development, and methods of extraction have become a focal point. To date, more than thousands of chemical constituents have been identified from the cannabis plant, all of which possess different chemical properties that require different conditions for preservation during drying and extraction. However, scientific publications that explore these areas for the cannabis plant are currently lacking. METHOD This is a narrative review paper which focuses on critiquing drying and extraction methods of Cannabis sativa L. plant. Relevant keywords such as medicinal cannabis, extraction, solvent, cannabinoids, and terpenes have been searched in PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library (Wiley) databases. RESULT To find relevant papers for this narrative review, 93 papers have been reviewed. Among them, 12 irrelevant papers were discarded. The excluded papers were either about hemp seed oil or hemp fiber and protein. Based on this review, solvent extraction is the most common method for cannabis plants. Although solventless and hydrodynamic extraction are known for their high yield and feasibility, more investigation is needed in these areas. Regarding the drying process, hang-drying is the most convenient method; however, it may be substituted by freeze-drying in the near future. DISCUSSION This review analyses various drying and extraction processes to guide the selection of suitable methods for various types of cannabis products and applications. This is done by outlining traditional and modern methods of drying techniques, exploring the importance of solvents for extraction, visiting solventless extraction procedures, and finally comparing conventional and alternative methods of extraction. CONCLUSION In conclusion, based on the current knowledge, using organic solvents is the most convenient method for medicinal cannabis extraction. However, more research is needed for some of the drying and extraction methods. Also, developing a green and sustainable cannabis extraction method should be considered for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Pourseyed Lazarjani
- Drug Delivery Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Owen Young
- School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Lidya Kebede
- Drug Delivery Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ali Seyfoddin
- Drug Delivery Research Group, School of Science, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Chopra P, Chhillar H, Kim YJ, Jo IH, Kim ST, Gupta R. Phytochemistry of ginsenosides: Recent advancements and emerging roles. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:613-640. [PMID: 34278879 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1952159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenosides, a group of tetracyclic saponins, accounts for the nutraceutical and pharmaceutical relevance of the ginseng (Panax sp.) herb. Owing to the associated therapeutic potential of ginsenosides, their demand has been increased significantly in the last two decades. However, a slow growth cycle, low seed production, and long generation time of ginseng have created a gap between the demand and supply of ginsenosides. The biosynthesis of ginsenosides involves an intricate network of pathways with multiple oxidation and glycosylation reactions. However, the exact functions of some of the associated genes/proteins are still not completely deciphered. Moreover, ginsenoside estimation and extraction using analytical techniques are not feasible with high efficiency. The present review is a step forward in recapitulating the comprehensive aspects of ginsenosides including their distribution, structural diversity, biotransformation, and functional attributes in both plants and animals including humans. Moreover, ginsenoside biosynthesis in the potential plant sources and their metabolism in the human body along with major regulators and stimulators affecting ginsenoside biosynthesis have also been discussed. Furthermore, this review consolidates biotechnological interventions to enhance the biosynthesis of ginsenosides in their potential sources and advancements in the development of synthetic biosystems for efficient ginsenoside biosynthesis to meet their rising industrial demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Chopra
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Himanshu Chhillar
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Yu-Jin Kim
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Ick Hyun Jo
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, South Korea
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, College of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India.,Department of Forestry, Environment, and Systems, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul, South Korea
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Phytochemistry and biological activities of Opuntia seed oils: Opuntia dillenii (Ker Gawl.) Haw. and Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. A review. HERBA POLONICA 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/hepo-2021-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Opuntia species belong to semi-arid and arid regions of Mexico and the United States. O. ficus-indica and O. dillenii are commonly used in alternative medicine to treat various diseases. Up to date, several scientific works have been carried out on the different parts of these plants. However, over the last few years, studies have been focusing on the oil obtained from the fruit seeds of these species. For this reason, this study aims to draw the attention of researchers toward the phytochemical and the pharmacological effects of these two Opuntia oils, which would help set up other scientific projects that promote these products. Phytochemical studies have shown that these oils are rich in biologically active molecules, such as unsaturated fatty acids and phytosterols (mainly linoleic acid and β-sitosterol), as well as vitamin E, which is represented only by the γ-tocopherol. Besides, these oils are rich in polyphenols that protect them from photo-oxidation. Moreover, several studies have shown their antioxidant, anti-diabetic, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and gastroprotective activities, as well as their hypolipidemic properties. The beneficial effects of these oils include also their ability to block the weight loss, and what makes them more interesting is their safety, according to the literature.
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Khosrow Shahi S, Didar Z, Hesarinejad MA, Vazifedoost M. Optimized pulsed electric field-assisted extraction of biosurfactants from Chubak (Acanthophyllum squarrosum) root and application in ice cream. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:3693-3706. [PMID: 33301192 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, a face-centered central composite design was applied to optimize pulsed electric field parameters (voltage: 1, 4, 7 kV cm-1 ; pulse number: 10, 65, 120) for the extraction of natural saponins from Chubak root. Data analysis showed that increasing the voltage from 1 to 4 kV cm-1 and pulse number from 10 to 65 increased foaming ability (FA) and emulsion stability, and decreased foam density (FD), foam stability (FS) and lightness, due to the improved extraction of saponins. RESULTS Whereas, an opposite trend was observed for FA, FD and FS on increasing the voltage from 4 to 7 kV cm-1 as a result of more impurities being extracted. Furthermore, the Chubak root extract (CRE) (0, 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5 g kg-1 ) obtained under the optimized conditions (voltage of 6.4 kV cm-1 and pulse number of 80) was used in ice cream formulation because of its ability to reduce surface tension. Based on the results, the samples containing higher amounts of CRE showed higher viscosity, consistency coefficient, overrun, melting resistance and creaminess, as well as lower values of flow behavior index, hardness, adhesiveness, coarseness and coldness. This could be related to the increased water retention, improved whipping ability, greater fat destabilization and smaller ice crystals. Although more bitterness was perceived as a result of an increase in the level of CRE, it had no negative effect on the overall acceptance assessed by trained sensory panelists. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study briefly support the conclusion that CRE has a very high potential for use as a foaming, emulsifying and stabilizing agent to improve the quality of ice cream. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Khosrow Shahi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Zohreh Didar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Hesarinejad
- Department of Food Processing, Research Institute of Food Science and Technology (RIFST), Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Vazifedoost
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
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Harouak H, Ibijbijen J, Nassiri L. Chemical profile of Tetraclinis articulata (Vahl) Masters, and Juglans regia L. and Olea europaea L. var. Sylvestris used against oral diseases: in vitro analysis between polyphenolic content and aqueous extraction optimization. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07118. [PMID: 34136692 PMCID: PMC8180621 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Optimization of aqueous extraction to extract the maximum amount of polyphenolic compounds that are used to treat oral disorders. Methods Using revelation tests for phytochemical screening, Folin-Ciocalteu reagent for total phenols, catechin standard for total flavonoids, acidified vanillin for total condensed tannins, and PCA analysis to detect different correlations between plants and between employed extractions. Results The highest (p < 0.0001); total flavonoides (195,80 ± 2,91 mg CE/g d.e) was obtained from decocted extract of Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea var. sylvestris, total phenolic (167,71 ± 12,52 mg GAE/g d.e) and total condensed tannins (250,44 ± 10,18 mg CE/g d.e) was obtained respectively from soxhlet extract and infused extract of Tetraclinis articulata L. whereas; The correlation analysis using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was positive between infusion and decoction, between total flavonoids and total phenols which is not correlated with total condensed tannins. Conclusion Juglans regia L. bark contain a higher level of polyphenolic constituents than leaves, Decoction extraction of Olea europaea L. var. sylvestris leaf recommended to increase the yield of polychenolic extracts, condensed tannins of Tetraclinis articulata L. are degradable in high temperature. Walnut barks are richer in polyphenolic compounds than leaves. Barbary Thuya leaf is richer in degradable condensed tannins at high temperatures. Wild olive leaf is richer in flavonoids (195.80 mg EC/g of dry decocted extract). Condensed tannins are uncorrelated with phenols and flavonoids. Flavonoids are the major polyphenolic constituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazim Harouak
- Environment & Valorization of Plant and Microbial Resources Unit, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Faculty of Sciences, B.P 11201, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Jamal Ibijbijen
- Environment & Valorization of Plant and Microbial Resources Unit, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Faculty of Sciences, B.P 11201, Meknes, Morocco
| | - Laila Nassiri
- Environment & Valorization of Plant and Microbial Resources Unit, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Faculty of Sciences, B.P 11201, Meknes, Morocco
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Noppawan P, Lanctôt AG, Magro M, Navarro PG, Supanchaiyamat N, Attard TM, Hunt AJ. High pressure systems as sustainable extraction and pre-treatment technologies for a holistic corn stover biorefinery. BMC Chem 2021; 15:37. [PMID: 34051832 PMCID: PMC8164268 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-021-00762-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This mini-review assesses supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction and high-pressure carbon dioxide pre-treatment technologies for valorisation of corn stover agricultural residues with particular focus on showing how these can aid in the creation of a holistic biorefineries. Corn stover is currently the largest source of agriculture residues in the USA, as such there is significant potential for exploitation to yield valuable chemicals. ScCO2 extraction could lead to the recovery of a variety of different chemicals which include flavonoids, sterols, steroid ketones, hydrocarbons, saturated fatty acids, unsaturated fatty acids, fatty alcohols, phenolics and triterpenoids. Importantly, recent studies have not only demonstrated that supercritical extraction can be utilized for the recovery of plant lipids for use in consumer products, including nutraceuticals and personal care, but the processing of treated biomass can lead to enhanced yields and recovery of other products from biorefinery processes. Despite the great potential and opportunities for using scCO2 and high-pressure systems in a biorefinery context their real-world application faces significant challenges to overcome before it is widely applied. Such challenges have also been discussed in the context of this mini-review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pakin Noppawan
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Adrienne Gallant Lanctôt
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Maria Magro
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Pablo Gil Navarro
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Nontipa Supanchaiyamat
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Thomas M Attard
- RX Extraction Ltd., Unit 10, Rowen Trade Estate, Neville Road, Bradford, BD4 8TQ, UK.
| | - Andrew J Hunt
- Materials Chemistry Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand.
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Year-Round Cultivation of Tetraselmis sp. for Essential Lipid Production in a Semi-Open Raceway System. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19060314. [PMID: 34071505 PMCID: PMC8226711 DOI: 10.3390/md19060314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing demand for essential fatty acids (EFAs) from non-fish sources such as microalgae, which are considered a renewable and sustainable biomass. The open raceway system (ORS) is an affordable system for microalgae biomass cultivation for industrial applications. However, seasonal variations in weather can affect biomass productivity and the quality of microalgal biomass. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of year-round Tetraselmis sp. cultivation in a semi-ORS in Korea for biomass and bioactive lipid production. To maximize biomass productivity of Tetraselmis sp., f medium was selected because it resulted in a significantly higher biomass productivity (1.64 ± 0.03 g/L) and lower omega-6/omega-3 ratio (0.52/1) under laboratory conditions than f/2 medium (0.70/1). Then, we used climatic data-based building information modeling technology to construct a pilot plant of six semi-ORSs for controlling culture conditions, each with a culture volume of 40,000 L. Over 1 year, there were no significant variations in monthly biomass productivity, fatty acid composition, or the omega-6/omega-3 ratio; however, the lipid content correlated significantly with photosynthetic photon flux density. During year-round cultivation from November 2014 to October 2017, areal productivity was gradually increased by increasing medium salinity and injecting CO2 gas into the culture medium. Productivity peaked at 44.01 g/m2/d in October 2017. Throughout the trials, there were no significant differences in average lipid content, which was 14.88 ± 1.26%, 14.73 ± 2.44%, 12.81 ± 2.82%, and 13.63 ± 3.42% in 2014, 2015, 2016, and 2017, respectively. Our results demonstrated that high biomass productivity and constant lipid content can be sustainably maintained under Korean climate conditions.
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Toward a Better Understanding of Metal Nanoparticles, a Novel Strategy from Eucalyptus Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10050929. [PMID: 34066925 PMCID: PMC8148548 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is a promising tool that has opened the doors of improvement to the quality of human's lives through its potential in numerous technological aspects. Green chemistry of nanoscale materials (1-100 nm) is as an effective and sustainable strategy to manufacture homogeneous nanoparticles (NPs) with unique properties, thus making the synthesis of green NPs, especially metal nanoparticles (MNPs), the scientist's core theme. Researchers have tested different organisms to manufacture MNPs and the results of experiments confirmed that plants tend to be the ideal candidate amongst all entities and are suitable to synthesize a wide variety of MNPs. Natural and cultivated Eucalyptus forests are among woody plants used for landscape beautification and as forest products. The present review has been written to reflect the efficacious role of Eucalyptus in the synthesis of MNPs. To better understand this, the route of extracting MNPs from plants, in general, and Eucalyptus, in particular, are discussed. Furthermore, the crucial factors influencing the process of MNP synthesis from Eucalyptus as well as their characterization and recent applications are highlighted. Information gathered in this review is useful to build a basis for new prospective research ideas on how to exploit this woody species in the production of MNPs. Nevertheless, there is a necessity to feed the scientific field with further investigations on wider applications of Eucalyptus-derived MNPs.
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