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Donoso MV, Catalán-Salas V, Pulgar-Sepúlveda R, Eugenín J, Huidobro-Toro JP. Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Relevance of D-Amino Acids Dynamics: From Neurochemistry to Pharmacotherapy. CHEM REC 2024:e202400013. [PMID: 39318079 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
Over three decades ago, two independent groups of investigators identified free D-aspartic and later D-serine in specific brain nuclei and endocrine glands. This finding revealed a novel, non-proteinogenic role of these molecules. Moreover, the finding that aged proteins from the human eye crystallin, teeth, bone, blood vessels or the brain incorporate D-aspartic acids to specific primary protein sequences fostered the hypothesis that aging might be related to D-amino acid isomerization of body proteins. The experimental confirmation that schizophrenia and neurodegenerative diseases modify plasma free D-amino acids or tissue levelsnurtured the opportunity of using D-amino acids as therapeutic agents for several disease treatments, a strategy that prompted the successful current application of D-amino acids to human medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Verónica Donoso
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Centro Desarrollo de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda, 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Vicente Catalán-Salas
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Centro Desarrollo de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda, 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Raúl Pulgar-Sepúlveda
- Neural System Laboratory, Department Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda, 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime Eugenín
- Neural System Laboratory, Department Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda, 3363, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Pablo Huidobro-Toro
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department Biology, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Centro Desarrollo de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología (CEDENNA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Alameda, 3363, Santiago, Chile
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2
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Andersen HM, Tai HC, Rubakhin SS, Yau PM, Sweedler JV. A novel series of metazoan L/D peptide isomerases. J Biol Chem 2024; 300:107458. [PMID: 38857862 PMCID: PMC11277431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2024.107458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The function of endogenous cell-cell signaling peptides relies on their interactions with cognate receptors, which in turn are influenced by the peptides' structures, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of the suite of post-translational modifications of the peptide. Herein, we report the initial characterization of putative peptide isomerase enzymes extracted from R. norvegicus, A. californica, and B. taurus tissues. These enzymes are both tissue and substrate-specific across all three organisms. Notably, the lungs of the mammalian species, and the central nervous system of the mollusk displayed the highest isomerase activity among the examined tissues. In vitro enzymatic conversion was observed for several endogenous peptides, such as the tetrapeptide GFFD in A. californica, and mammalian neuropeptide FF in R. norvegicus and B. taurus. To understand their mode of action, we explored the effects of several inhibitors on these enzymes, which suggest common active site residues. While further characterization of these enzymes is required, the investigations emphasize a widespread and overlooked enzyme activity related to the creation of bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey M Andersen
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Hua-Chia Tai
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Stanislav S Rubakhin
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Peter M Yau
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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3
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Okyem S, Romanova EV, Tai HC, Checco JW, Sweedler JV. Nontargeted Identification of D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides Through Enzymatic Screening, Chiral Amino Acid Analysis, and LC-MS. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2758:227-240. [PMID: 38549017 PMCID: PMC11034756 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3646-6_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
D-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) in animals are a class of bioactive molecules formed via the posttranslational modification of peptides consisting of all-L-amino acid residues. Amino acid residue isomerization greatly impacts the function of the resulting DAACP. However, because isomerization does not change the peptide's mass, this modification is difficult to detect by most mass spectrometry-based peptidomic approaches. Here we describe a method for the identification of DAACPs that can be used to systematically survey peptides extracted from a tissue sample in a nontargeted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Okyem
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Elena V Romanova
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Hua-Chia Tai
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - James W Checco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
- The Nebraska Center for Integrated Biomolecular Communication (NCIBC), University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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4
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Armstrong DW, Berthod A. Occurrence of D-amino acids in natural products. NATURAL PRODUCTS AND BIOPROSPECTING 2023; 13:47. [PMID: 37932633 PMCID: PMC10628113 DOI: 10.1007/s13659-023-00412-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Since the identified standard genetic code contains 61 triplet codons of three bases for the 20 L-proteinogenic amino acids (AAs), no D-AA should be found in natural products. This is not what is observed in the living world. D-AAs are found in numerous natural compounds produced by bacteria, algae, fungi, or marine animals, and even vertebrates. A review of the literature indicated the existence of at least 132 peptide natural compounds in which D-AAs are an essential part of their structure. All compounds are listed, numbered and described herein. The two biosynthetic routes leading to the presence of D-AA in natural products are: non-ribosomal peptide synthesis (NRPS), and ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide (RiPP) synthesis which are described. The methods used to identify the AA chirality within naturally occurring peptides are briefly discussed. The biological activity of an all-L synthetic peptide is most often completely different from that of the D-containing natural compounds. Analyzing the selected natural compounds showed that D-Ala, D-Val, D-Leu and D-Ser are the most commonly encountered D-AAs closely followed by the non-proteinogenic D-allo-Thr. D-Lys and D-Met were the least prevalent D-AAs in naturally occurring compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Armstrong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
| | - Alain Berthod
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS, University of Lyon 1, 69100, Villeurbanne, France
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5
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Carrera-Aubesart A, Gallo M, Defaus S, Todorovski T, Andreu D. Topoisomeric Membrane-Active Peptides: A Review of the Last Two Decades. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2451. [PMID: 37896211 PMCID: PMC10610229 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, bioactive peptides have been gaining recognition in various biomedical areas, such as intracellular drug delivery (cell-penetrating peptides, CPPs) or anti-infective action (antimicrobial peptides, AMPs), closely associated to their distinct mode of interaction with biological membranes. Exploiting the interaction of membrane-active peptides with diverse targets (healthy, tumoral, bacterial or parasitic cell membranes) is opening encouraging prospects for peptides in therapeutics. However, ordinary peptides formed by L-amino acids are easily decomposed by proteases in biological fluids. One way to sidestep this limitation is to use topoisomers, namely versions of the peptide made up of D-amino acids in either canonic (enantio) or inverted (retroenantio) sequence. Rearranging peptide sequences in this fashion provides a certain degree of native structure mimicry that, in appropriate contexts, may deliver desirable biological activity while avoiding protease degradation. In this review, we will focus on recent accounts of membrane-active topoisomeric peptides with therapeutic applications as CPP drug delivery vectors, or as antimicrobial and anticancer candidates. We will also discuss the most common modes of interaction of these peptides with their membrane targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Carrera-Aubesart
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
| | - Maria Gallo
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
| | - Sira Defaus
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
| | - Toni Todorovski
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - David Andreu
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (A.C.-A.); (M.G.); (S.D.); (T.T.)
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Hatano K, Yoshida MA, Hirayama J, Kitani Y, Hattori A, Ogiso S, Watabe Y, Sekiguchi T, Tabuchi Y, Urata M, Matsumoto K, Sakatoku A, Srivastav AK, Toyota K, Matsubara H, Suzuki N. Deep ocean water alters the cholesterol and mineral metabolism of squid Todarodes pacificus and suppresses its weight loss. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7591. [PMID: 37164992 PMCID: PMC10172372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34443-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is the first to demonstrate that deep ocean water (DOW) has physiological significant effects on squid. After 36 h of rearing squids, those reared with DOW had significantly higher total and free cholesterol levels and lower alanine transaminase activity in hemolymph as compared with those reared with surface sea water (SSW). SSW rearing also resulted in 6.95% weight loss, while DOW rearing caused only 2.5% weight loss, which might be due to liver metabolism suppression. Furthermore, both monovalent (sodium, chloride, and potassium ions) and divalent (calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and magnesium ions) ions in hemolymph were elevated when reared with DOW compared to those when reared with SSW. A study of genes expressed in the brain revealed that five genes were specifically remarked in DOW rearing. Most altered genes were neuropeptides, including those from vasopressin superfamily. These neuropeptides are involved in cholesterol and/or mineral metabolisms and physiological significant effects on squid. This study is the first report the effects of DOW on cholesterol and mineral metabolism of squid and will contribute to squid aquaculture using DOW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaito Hatano
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Masa-Aki Yoshida
- Marine Biological Science Section, Education and Research Center for Biological Resources, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Oki, Shimane, 685-0024, Japan
| | - Jun Hirayama
- Department of Clinical Engineering, Faculty of Health Sciences and Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Sustainable Systems Science, Komatsu University, Komatsu, Ishikawa, 923-0961, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kitani
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba, 272-0827, Japan
| | - Shouzo Ogiso
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Yukina Watabe
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Life Science Research Center, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Makoto Urata
- Institute of Noto Satoumi Education and Studies, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Kyoko Matsumoto
- Institute of Noto Satoumi Education and Studies, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Akihiro Sakatoku
- School of Science, Academic Assembly, University of Toyama, Gofuku, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Ajai K Srivastav
- Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, 273-009, India
| | - Kenji Toyota
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan
| | - Hajime Matsubara
- Noto Center for Fisheries Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Ossaka, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0552, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Ogi, Noto-cho, Ishikawa, 927-0553, Japan.
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7
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Satake H, Osugi T, Shiraishi A. Impact of Machine Learning-Associated Research Strategies on the Identification of Peptide-Receptor Interactions in the Post-Omics Era. Neuroendocrinology 2023; 113:251-261. [PMID: 34348315 DOI: 10.1159/000518572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Elucidation of peptide-receptor pairs is a prerequisite for many studies in the neuroendocrine, endocrine, and neuroscience fields. Recent omics analyses have provided vast amounts of peptide and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) sequence data. GPCRs for homologous peptides are easily characterized based on homology searching, and the relevant peptide-GPCR interactions are also detected by typical signaling assays. In contrast, conventional evaluation or prediction methods, including high-throughput reverse-pharmacological assays and tertiary structure-based computational analyses, are not useful for identifying interactions between novel and omics-derived peptides and GPCRs. SUMMARY Recently, an approach combining machine learning-based prediction of novel peptide-GPCR pairs and experimental validation of the predicted pairs have been shown to breakthrough this bottleneck. A machine learning method, logistic regression for human class A GPCRs and the multiple subsequent signaling assays led to the deorphanization of human class A orphan GPCRs, namely, the identification of 18 peptide-GPCR pairs. Furthermore, using another machine learning algorithm, the support vector machine (SVM), the peptide descriptor-incorporated SVM was originally developed and employed to predict GPCRs for novel peptides characterized from the closest relative of vertebrates, Ciona intestinalis Type A (Ciona robusta). Experimental validation of the predicted pairs eventually led to the identification of 11 novel peptide-GPCR pairs. Of particular interest is that these newly identified GPCRs displayed neither significant sequence similarity nor molecular phylogenetic relatedness to known GPCRs for peptides. KEY MESSAGES These recent studies highlight the usefulness and versatility of machine learning for enabling the efficient, reliable, and systematic identification of novel peptide-GPCR interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honoo Satake
- Division of Integrative Biomolecular Function, Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osugi
- Division of Integrative Biomolecular Function, Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akira Shiraishi
- Division of Integrative Biomolecular Function, Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, Kyoto, Japan
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8
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Anapindi KDB, Romanova EV, Checco JW, Sweedler JV. Mass Spectrometry Approaches Empowering Neuropeptide Discovery and Therapeutics. Pharmacol Rev 2022; 74:662-679. [PMID: 35710134 DOI: 10.1124/pharmrev.121.000423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The discovery of insulin in the early 1900s ushered in the era of research related to peptides acting as hormones and neuromodulators, among other regulatory roles. These essential gene products are found in all organisms, from the most primitive to the most evolved, and carry important biologic information that coordinates complex physiology and behavior; their misregulation has been implicated in a variety of diseases. The evolutionary origins of at least 30 neuropeptide signaling systems have been traced to the common ancestor of protostomes and deuterostomes. With the use of relevant animal models and modern technologies, we can gain mechanistic insight into orthologous and paralogous endogenous peptides and translate that knowledge into medically relevant insights and new treatments. Groundbreaking advances in medicine and basic science influence how signaling peptides are defined today. The precise mechanistic pathways for over 100 endogenous peptides in mammals are now known and have laid the foundation for multiple drug development pipelines. Peptide biologics have become valuable drugs due to their unique specificity and biologic activity, lack of toxic metabolites, and minimal undesirable interactions. This review outlines modern technologies that enable neuropeptide discovery and characterization, and highlights lessons from nature made possible by neuropeptide research in relevant animal models that is being adopted by the pharmaceutical industry. We conclude with a brief overview of approaches/strategies for effective development of peptides as drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Neuropeptides, an important class of cell-cell signaling molecules, are involved in maintaining a range of physiological functions. Since the discovery of insulin's activity, over 100 bioactive peptides and peptide analogs have been used as therapeutics. Because these are complex molecules not easily predicted from a genome and their activity can change with subtle chemical modifications, mass spectrometry (MS) has significantly empowered peptide discovery and characterization. This review highlights contributions of MS-based research towards the development of therapeutic peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna D B Anapindi
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (K.D.B.A., E.V.R., J.V.S.) and Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska (J.W.C.)
| | - Elena V Romanova
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (K.D.B.A., E.V.R., J.V.S.) and Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska (J.W.C.)
| | - James W Checco
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (K.D.B.A., E.V.R., J.V.S.) and Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska (J.W.C.)
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois (K.D.B.A., E.V.R., J.V.S.) and Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska (J.W.C.)
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9
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Waldman J, Xavier MA, Vieira LR, Logullo R, Braz GRC, Tirloni L, Ribeiro JMC, Veenstra JA, Silva Vaz ID. Neuropeptides in Rhipicephalus microplus and other hard ticks. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2022; 13:101910. [PMID: 35121230 PMCID: PMC9477089 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2022.101910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The synganglion is the central nervous system of ticks and, as such, controls tick physiology. It does so through the production and release of signaling molecules, many of which are neuropeptides. These peptides can function as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators and/or neurohormones, although in most cases their functions remain to be established. We identified and performed in silico characterization of neuropeptides present in different life stages and organs of Rhipicephalus microplus, generating transcriptomes from ovary, salivary glands, fat body, midgut and embryo. Annotation of synganglion transcripts led to the identification of 32 functional categories of proteins, of which the most abundant were: secreted, energetic metabolism and oxidant metabolism/detoxification. Neuropeptide precursors are among the sequences over-represented in R. microplus synganglion, with at least 5-fold higher transcription compared with other stages/organs. A total of 52 neuropeptide precursors were identified: ACP, achatin, allatostatins A, CC and CCC, allatotropin, bursicon A/B, calcitonin A and B, CCAP, CCHamide, CCRFamide, CCH/ITP, corazonin, DH31, DH44, eclosion hormone, EFLamide, EFLGGPamide, elevenin, ETH, FMRFamide myosuppressin-like, glycoprotein A2/B5, gonadulin, IGF, inotocin, insulin-like peptides, iPTH, leucokinin, myoinhibitory peptide, NPF 1 and 2, orcokinin, proctolin, pyrokinin/periviscerokinin, relaxin, RYamide, SIFamide, sNPF, sulfakinin, tachykinin and trissin. Several of these neuropeptides have not been previously reported in ticks, as the presence of ETH that was first clearly identified in Parasitiformes, which include ticks and mites. Prediction of the mature neuropeptides from precursor sequences was performed using available information about these peptides from other species, conserved domains and motifs. Almost all neuropeptides identified are also present in other tick species. Characterizing the role of neuropeptides and their respective receptors in tick physiology can aid the evaluation of their potential as drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Waldman
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marina Amaral Xavier
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Larissa Rezende Vieira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Logullo
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gloria Regina Cardoso Braz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucas Tirloni
- Tick-Pathogen Transmission Unit, Laboratory of Bacteriology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - José Marcos C Ribeiro
- Vector Biology Section, Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jan A Veenstra
- Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, UMR 5287 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Itabajara da Silva Vaz
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia - Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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10
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Abstract
Like many biological compounds, proteins are found primarily in their homochiral form. However, homochirality is not guaranteed throughout life. Determining their chiral proteinogenic sequence is a complex analytical challenge. This is because certain d-amino acids contained in proteins play a role in human health and disease. This is the case, for example, with d-Asp in elastin, β-amyloid and α-crystallin which, respectively, have an action on arteriosclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and cataracts. Sequence-dependent and sequence-independent are the two strategies for detecting the presence and position of d-amino acids in proteins. These methods rely on enzymatic digestion by a site-specific enzyme and acid hydrolysis in a deuterium or tritium environment to limit the natural racemization of amino acids. In this review, chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques, such as LC, SFC, GC and CE, will be recently developed (2018–2020) for the enantioseparation of amino acids and peptides. For future work, the discovery and development of new chiral stationary phases and derivatization reagents could increase the resolution of chiral separations.
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11
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Mast DH, Checco JW, Sweedler JV. Advancing d-amino acid-containing peptide discovery in the metazoan. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1869:140553. [PMID: 33002629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of enzyme-derived d-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) that have physiological importance in the metazoan challenges previous assumptions about the homochirality of animal proteins while simultaneously revealing new analytical challenges in the structural and functional characterization of peptides. Most known DAACPs have been identified though laborious activity-guided purification studies or by homology to previously identified DAACPs. Peptide characterization experiments are increasingly dominated by high throughput mass spectrometry-based peptidomics, with stereochemistry rarely considered due to the technical challenges of identifying l/d isomerization. This review discusses the prevalence of enzyme-derived DAACPs among animals and the physiological consequences of peptide isomerization. Also highlighted are the analytical methods that have been applied for structural characterization/discovery of DAACPs, including results of several recent studies using non-targeted discovery methods for revealing novel DAACPs, strongly suggesting that more DAACPs remain to be uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Mast
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States
| | - James W Checco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, United States.
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, United States.
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12
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Separation of D-amino acid-containing peptide phenylseptin using 3,3'-phenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl-18-crown-6-ether columns. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2020; 1868:140429. [PMID: 32298805 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2020.140429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Several D-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) with antimicrobial, cardio-excitatory, or neuronal activities have been found in several species. Here, we demonstrated the chiral separation of the antimicrobial peptide diastereomers, D-phenylseptin and L-phenylseptin using (S) and (R) 3,3'-phenyl-1,1'-binaphthyl-18-crown-6-ether columns (CR-I (+) and CR-I (-), respectively) and also investigated the underlying mechanism. First, using D-amino acid-containing tripeptide Phe-Phe-Phe-OH, we found that CR-I (+) could be used to recognize diastereomeric tripeptides containing an L-amino acid as the first residue. On the contrary, CR-I (-) enabled separation of a series of diastereomers with D-amino acid as the first residue. Therefore, we achieved separation of the stereoisomers using the chiral columns depending on the position of the D- amino acid in the peptide and demonstrated the orthogonality of separations of the chiral columns. Then, using CR-I (+), we separated amphibian antimicrobial peptide diastereomers, L- and D-phenylseptin, which have the sequences, L-Phe-L-Phe-L-Phe and L-Phe-D-Phe-L-Phe at their N-termini, respectively. In order to understand the host-guest interactions, we performed molecular dynamics simulations for L-Phe-L-Phe-L-Phe tripeptide-CR-I molecule complex systems. Three hydrogen bonds between the N-terminal amine group -NH3+ and the crown ether oxygens were the dominant interactions. The hydrophobic interactions between phenyl-rings in the chiral selector unit of CR-I (+) and the side chains of 2nd and 3rd residues of the peptide also contributed to the affinity. Our results show that the CR-I (+)-column can be applied for the separation of endogenous DAACPs generated by the post-translational modification.
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13
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Mast DH, Checco JW, Sweedler JV. Differential Post-Translational Amino Acid Isomerization Found among Neuropeptides in Aplysia californica. ACS Chem Biol 2020; 15:272-281. [PMID: 31877009 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
d-Amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) make up a class of post-translationally modified peptides in animals that play important roles as cell-to-cell signaling molecules. Despite the functional importance of l- to d-residue isomerization, little is known about its prevalence, mostly due to difficulties associated with detecting differences in peptide stereochemistry. Prior efforts to discover DAACPs have been largely focused on pursuing peptides based on homology to known DAACPs or DAACP-encoding precursors. Here, we used a combination of enzymatic screening, mass spectrometry, and chromatographic analysis to identify novel DAACPs in the central nervous system (CNS) of Aplysia californica. We identified five new DAACPs from the pleurin precursor and three DAACPs from previously uncharacterized proteins. In addition, two peptides from the pleurin precursor, Plrn2 and Plrn3, exist as DAACPs with the d-residue found at position 2 or 3. These differentially modified forms of Plrn2 and Plrn3 are located in specific regions of the animal's CNS. Plrn2 and Plrn3 appear to be the first animal DAACPs in which the d-residue is found at more than one position, and this suggests that l- to d-residue isomerization may be a more variable/dynamic modification than previously thought. Overall, this study demonstrates the utility of nontargeted DAACP discovery approaches for identifying new DAACPs and demonstrates that isomerization is prevalent throughout the CNS of A. californica.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H. Mast
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - James W. Checco
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry and Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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14
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J. Ayon N. Features, roles and chiral analyses of proteinogenic amino acids. AIMS MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2020. [DOI: 10.3934/molsci.2020011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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15
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Kim MA, Markkandan K, Han NY, Park JM, Lee JS, Lee H, Sohn YC. Neural Ganglia Transcriptome and Peptidome Associated with Sexual Maturation in Female Pacific Abalone ( Haliotis discus hannai). Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10040268. [PMID: 30987054 PMCID: PMC6523705 DOI: 10.3390/genes10040268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic information of reproduction and growth is essential for sustainable molluscan fisheries and aquaculture management. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the reproductive activity of the commercially important Pacific abalone Haliotisdiscushannai. We performed de novo transcriptome sequencing of the ganglia in sexually immature and mature female Pacific abalone to better understand the sexual maturation process and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Of the ~305 million high-quality clean reads, 76,684 transcripts were de novo-assembled with an average length of 741 bp, 28.54% of which were annotated and classified according to Gene Ontology terms. There were 256 differentially expressed genes between the immature and mature abalone. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis, as compared to the predicted-peptide database of abalone ganglia transcriptome unigenes, identified 42 neuropeptide precursors, including 29 validated by peptidomic analyses. Label-free quantification revealed differential occurrences of 18 neuropeptide families between immature and mature abalone, including achatin, FMRFamide, crustacean cardioactive peptide, and pedal peptide A and B that were significantly more frequent at the mature stage. These results represent the first significant contribution to both maturation-related transcriptomic and peptidomic resources of the Pacific abalone ganglia and provide insight into the roles of various neuropeptides in reproductive regulation in marine gastropods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Ae Kim
- Department of Marine Molecular Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea.
- The East Coast Research Institute of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea.
| | | | - Na-Young Han
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Jong-Moon Park
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Jung Sick Lee
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, Korea.
| | - Hookeun Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Korea.
| | - Young Chang Sohn
- Department of Marine Molecular Bioscience, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, Korea.
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16
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Checco JW, Zhang G, Yuan WD, Le ZW, Jing J, Sweedler JV. Aplysia allatotropin-related peptide and its newly identified d-amino acid-containing epimer both activate a receptor and a neuronal target. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16862-16873. [PMID: 30194283 PMCID: PMC6204918 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
l- to d-residue isomerization is a post-translational modification (PTM) present in neuropeptides, peptide hormones, and peptide toxins from several animals. In most cases, the d-residue is critical for the biological function of the resulting d-amino acid-containing peptide (DAACP). Here, we provide an example in native neuropeptides in which the DAACP and its all-l-amino acid epimer are both active at their newly identified receptor in vitro and at a neuronal target associated with feeding behavior. On the basis of sequence similarity to a known DAACP from cone snail venom, we hypothesized that allatotropin-related peptide (ATRP), a neuropeptide from the neuroscience model organism Aplysia californica, may form multiple diastereomers in the Aplysia central nervous system. We determined that ATRP exists as a d-amino acid-containing peptide (d2-ATRP) and identified a specific G protein-coupled receptor as an ATRP receptor. Interestingly, unlike many previously reported DAACPs and their all-l-residue analogs, both l-ATRP and d2-ATRP were potent agonists of this receptor and active in electrophysiological experiments. Finally, d2-ATRP was much more stable than its all-l-residue counterpart in Aplysia plasma, suggesting that in the case of ATRP, the primary role of the l- to d-residue isomerization may be to protect this peptide from aminopeptidase activity in the extracellular space. Our results indicate that l- to d-residue isomerization can occur even in an all-l-residue peptide with a known biological activity and that in some cases, this PTM may help modulate peptide signal lifetime in the extracellular space rather than activity at the cognate receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W Checco
- From the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and
| | - Guo Zhang
- the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Brain Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Wang-Ding Yuan
- the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Brain Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Zi-Wei Le
- the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Brain Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Jian Jing
- the State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute for Brain Sciences, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- From the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and
- the Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801 and
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17
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Koziol U. Precursors of neuropeptides and peptide hormones in the genomes of tardigrades. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 267:116-127. [PMID: 29935140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tardigrades are a key group for understanding the evolution of the Ecdysozoa, a large clade of molting animals that also includes arthropods and nematodes. However, little is known about most aspects of their basic biology. Neuropeptide and peptide hormone signaling has been extensively studied in arthropods and nematodes (particularly regarding their roles in molting in arthropods), but very little is known about neuropeptide signaling in other ecdysozoans. In this work, different strategies were used to search for neuropeptide and peptide hormone precursors in the genomes of the tardigrades Hypsibius dujardini and Ramazzottius varieornatus. In general, there is a remarkable similarity in the complement of neuropeptides and their sequences between tardigrades and arthropods. The precursors found in tardigrades included homologs of achatin, allatostatins A, B and C, allatotropin, calcitonin, CCHamide, CCRFa, corazonin, crustacean cardioactive peptide, diuretic hormone 31, diuretic hormone 44, ecdysis triggering hormone, eclosion hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), GSEFLamide, insulin-like peptides, ion transport peptide, kinin, neuropeptide F, orcokinin, pigment dispersing hormone, proctolin, pyrokinin, RYamide, short neuropeptide F, sulfakinin, tachykinin, trissin and vasopressin. In most cases, homologs of known cognate receptors for each neuropeptide family could only be identified when the precursors were also present in the genome, further supporting their identification. Some neuropeptide precursor genes have undergone several duplications in tardigrades, including allatostatin A and C, corazonin, GnRH, eclosion hormone, sulfakinin and trissin. Furthermore, four novel families of candidate neuropeptide precursors were identified (two of which could also be found in several arthropods). To the best of my knowledge, this work represents the first genome-wide search for neuropeptide precursors in any ecdysozoan species outside arthropods and nematodes, and is a necessary first step towards understanding neuropeptide function in tardigrades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Koziol
- Sección Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.
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18
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Fujii N, Takata T, Fujii N, Aki K, Sakaue H. D-Amino acids in protein: The mirror of life as a molecular index of aging. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Childers MC, Towse CL, Daggett V. Molecular dynamics-derived rotamer libraries for d-amino acids within homochiral and heterochiral polypeptides. Protein Eng Des Sel 2018; 31:191-204. [PMID: 29992252 PMCID: PMC6205366 DOI: 10.1093/protein/gzy016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Computational resources have contributed to the design and engineering of novel proteins by integrating genomic, structural and dynamic aspects of proteins. Non-canonical amino acids, such as d-amino acids, expand the available sequence space for designing and engineering proteins; however, the rotamer libraries for d-amino acids are usually constructed as the mirror images of l-amino acid rotamer libraries, an assumption that has not been tested. To this end, we have performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of model host-guest peptide systems containing d-amino acids. Our simulations systematically address the applicability of the mirror image convention as well as the effects of neighboring residue chirality. Rotamer libraries derived from these systems provide realistic rotamer distributions suitable for use in both rational and computational design workflows. Our simulations also address the impact of chirality on the intrinsic conformational preferences of amino acids, providing fundamental insights into the relationship between chirality and biomolecular dynamics. While d-amino acids are rare in naturally occurring proteins, they are used in designed proteins to stabilize a desired conformation, increase bioavailability or confer favorable biochemical and physical attributes. Here, we present d-amino acid rotamer libraries derived from MD simulations of alanine-based host-guest pentapeptides and show how certain residues can deviate from mirror image symmetry. Our simulations directly model d-amino acids as guest residues within the chiral l-Ala and d-Ala pentapeptide series to explicitly incorporate any contributions resulting from the chiralities of neighboring residues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Clare-Louise Towse
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Valerie Daggett
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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20
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Distinctive Roles of D-Amino Acids in the Homochiral World: Chirality of Amino Acids Modulates Mammalian Physiology and Pathology. Keio J Med 2018; 68:1-16. [PMID: 29794368 DOI: 10.2302/kjm.2018-0001-ir] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Living organisms enantioselectively employ L-amino acids as the molecular architecture of protein synthesized in the ribosome. Although L-amino acids are dominantly utilized in most biological processes, accumulating evidence points to the distinctive roles of D-amino acids in non-ribosomal physiology. Among the three domains of life, bacteria have the greatest capacity to produce a wide variety of D-amino acids. In contrast, archaea and eukaryotes are thought generally to synthesize only two kinds of D-amino acids: D-serine and D-aspartate. In mammals, D-serine is critical for neurotransmission as an endogenous coagonist of N-methyl D-aspartate receptors. Additionally, D-aspartate is associated with neurogenesis and endocrine systems. Furthermore, recognition of D-amino acids originating in bacteria is linked to systemic and mucosal innate immunity. Among the roles played by D-amino acids in human pathology, the dysfunction of neurotransmission mediated by D-serine is implicated in psychiatric and neurological disorders. Non-enzymatic conversion of L-aspartate or L-serine residues to their D-configurations is involved in age-associated protein degeneration. Moreover, the measurement of plasma or urinary D-/L-serine or D-/L-aspartate levels may have diagnostic or prognostic value in the treatment of kidney diseases. This review aims to summarize current understanding of D-amino-acid-associated biology with a major focus on mammalian physiology and pathology.
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21
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Checco JW, Zhang G, Yuan WD, Yu K, Yin SY, Roberts-Galbraith RH, Yau PM, Romanova EV, Jing J, Sweedler JV. Molecular and Physiological Characterization of a Receptor for d-Amino Acid-Containing Neuropeptides. ACS Chem Biol 2018. [PMID: 29543428 PMCID: PMC5962930 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Neuropeptides
in several animals undergo an unusual post-translational
modification, the isomerization of an amino acid residue from the l-stereoisomer to the d-stereoisomer. The resulting d-amino acid-containing peptide (DAACP) often displays biological
activity higher than that of its all-l-residue analogue,
with the d-residue being critical for function in many cases.
However, little is known about the full physiological roles played
by DAACPs, and few studies have examined the interaction of DAACPs
with their cognate receptors. Here, we characterized the signaling
of several DAACPs derived from a single neuropeptide prohormone, the Aplysia californica achatin-like neuropeptide precursor
(apALNP), at their putative receptor, the achatin-like neuropeptide
receptor (apALNR). We first used quantitative polymerase chain reaction
and in situ hybridization experiments to demonstrate
receptor (apALNR) expression throughout the central
nervous system; on the basis of the expression pattern, we identified
novel physiological functions that may be mediated by apALNR. To gain
insight into ligand signaling through apALNR, we created a library
of native and non-native neuropeptide analogues derived from apALNP
(the neuropeptide prohormone) and evaluated them for activity in cells
co-transfected with apALNR and the promiscuous Gα
subunit Gα-16. Several of these neuropeptide
analogues were also evaluated for their ability to induce circuit
activity in a well-defined neural network associated with feeding
behavior in intact ganglia from Aplysia. Our results
reveal the specificity of apALNR and provide strong evidence that
this receptor mediates diverse physiological functions throughout
the central nervous system. Finally, we show that some native apALNP-derived
DAACPs exhibit enhanced stability toward endogenous proteases, suggesting
that the d-residues in these DAACPs may increase the peptide
lifetime, in addition to influencing receptor specificity, in the
nervous system. Ultimately, these studies provide insight into signaling
at one of the few known DAACP-specific receptors and advance our understanding
of the roles that l- to d-residue isomerization
play in neuropeptide signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Checco
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Guo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wang-ding Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ke Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Si-yuan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rachel H. Roberts-Galbraith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Peter M. Yau
- Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, Protein Sciences Facility, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Elena V. Romanova
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Jian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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22
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Tai HC, Checco JW, Sweedler JV. Non-targeted Identification of D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides Through Enzymatic Screening, Chiral Amino Acid Analysis, and LC-MS. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1719:107-118. [PMID: 29476507 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7537-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
D-Amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) in animals are a class of bioactive molecules formed via the posttranslational modification of peptides consisting of all-L-amino acid residues. Amino acid residue isomerization greatly impacts the function of the resulting DAACP. However, because isomerization does not change the peptide's mass, this modification is difficult to detect by most mass spectrometry-based peptidomic approaches. Here we describe a method for the identification of DAACPs that can be used to systematically survey peptides extracted from a tissue sample in a non-targeted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chia Tai
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - James W Checco
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan V Sweedler
- Department of Chemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
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23
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Fouque KJD, Garabedian A, Porter J, Baird M, Pang X, Williams TD, Li L, Shvartsburg A, Fernandez-Lima F. Fast and Effective Ion Mobility-Mass Spectrometry Separation of d-Amino-Acid-Containing Peptides. Anal Chem 2017; 89:11787-11794. [PMID: 28982001 PMCID: PMC5677546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite often minute concentrations in vivo, d-amino acid containing peptides (DAACPs) are crucial to many life processes. Standard proteomics protocols fail to detect them as d/l substitutions do not affect the peptide parent and fragment masses. The differences in fragment yields are often limited, obstructing the investigations of important but low abundance epimers in isomeric mixtures. Separation of d/l-peptides using ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) was impeded by small collision cross section differences (commonly ∼1%). Here, broad baseline separation of DAACPs with up to ∼30 residues employing trapped IMS with resolving power up to ∼340, followed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry is demonstrated. The d/l-pairs coeluting in one charge state were resolved in another, and epimers merged as protonated species were resolved upon metalation, effectively turning the charge state and cationization mode into extra separation dimensions. Linear quantification down to 0.25% proved the utility of high resolution IMS-MS for real samples with large interisomeric dynamic range. Very close relative mobilities found for DAACP pairs using traveling-wave IMS (TWIMS) with different ion sources and faster IMS separations showed the transferability of results across IMS platforms. Fragmentation of epimers can enhance their identification and further improve detection and quantification limits, and we demonstrate the advantages of online mobility separated collision-induced dissociation (CID) followed by high resolution mass spectrometry (TIMS-CID-MS) for epimer analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Jeanne Dit Fouque
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Alyssa Garabedian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Jacob Porter
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Matthew Baird
- Department of Chemistry, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS 67260, USA
| | - Xueqin Pang
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | - Todd D. Williams
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53705, USA
| | | | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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24
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Jansson ET. Strategies for analysis of isomeric peptides. J Sep Sci 2017; 41:385-397. [PMID: 28922569 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review presents an overview and recent progress of strategies for detecting isomerism in peptides, with focus on d/l epimerization and the various isomers that the presence of an aspartic acid residue may yield in a protein or peptide. While mass spectrometry has become a majorly used method of choice within proteomics, isomerism is inherently difficult to analyze because it is a modification that does not yield any change in mass of the analyte. Here, several techniques used for analysis of peptide isomerism are discussed, including enzymatic assays, liquid chromatography, and capillary electrophoresis. Recent progress in method development using mass spectrometry is also discussed, including labeling strategies, fragmentation techniques, and ion-mobility spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik T Jansson
- Department of Chemistry-BMC, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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25
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Ahn SJ, Martin R, Rao S, Choi MY. Neuropeptides predicted from the transcriptome analysis of the gray garden slug Deroceras reticulatum. Peptides 2017; 93:51-65. [PMID: 28502716 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The gray garden slug, Deroceras reticulatum (Gastropoda: Pulmonata), is one of the most common terrestrial molluscs. Research for this slug has focused mainly on its ecology, biology, and management due to the severe damage it causes on a wide range of vegetables and field crops. However, little is known about neuropeptides and hormonal signalings. This study, therefore, aimed to establish the transcriptome of D. reticulatum and to identify a comprehensive repertoire of neuropeptides in this slug. Illumina high-throughput sequencing of the whole body transcriptome of D. reticulatum generated a total of 5.9 billion raw paired-end reads. De novo assembly by Trinity resulted in 143,575 transcripts and further filtration selected 120,553 unigenes. Gene Ontology (GO) terms were assigned to 30,588 unigenes, composed of biological processes (36.9%), cellular components (30.2%) and molecular functions (32.9%). Functional annotation by BLASTx revealed 39,987 unigenes with hits, which were further categorized into important functional groups based on sequence abundance. Neuropeptides, ion channels, ribosomal proteins, G protein-coupled receptors, detoxification, immunity and cytoskeleton-related sequences were dominant among the transcripts. BLAST searches and PCR amplification were used to identify 65 putative neuropeptide precursor genes from the D. reticulatum transcriptome, which include achatin, AKH, allatostatin A, B and C, allatotropin, APGWamide, CCAP, cerebrin, conopressin, cysteine-knot protein hormones (bursicon alpha/beta and GPA2/GPB5), elevenin, FCAP, FFamide, FVamide (enterin, fulicin, MIP and PRQFVamide), GGNG, GnRH, insulin, NdWFamide, NKY, PKYMDT, PRXamide (myomodulin, pleurin and sCAP), RFamide (CCK/SK, FMRFamide, FxRIamide, LFRFamide, luqin and NPF), and tachykinin. Over 330 putative peptides were encoded by these precursors. Comparative analysis among different molluscan species clearly revealed that, while D. reticulatum neuropeptide sequences are conserved in Mollusca, there are also some unique features distinct from other members of this species. This is the first transcriptome-wide report of neuropeptides in terrestrial slugs. Our results provide comprehensive transcriptome data of the gray garden slug, with a more detailed focus on the rich repertoire of putative neuropeptide sequences, laying the foundation for molecular studies in this terrestrial slug pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Joon Ahn
- USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit,3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA; Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Ruth Martin
- USDA-ARS Forage Seed and Cereal Research Unit, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Sujaya Rao
- Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA
| | - Man-Yeon Choi
- USDA-ARS Horticultural Crops Research Unit,3420 NW Orchard Avenue, Corvallis, OR, 97330, USA.
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26
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Pang X, Jia C, Chen Z, Li L. Structural Characterization of Monomers and Oligomers of D-Amino Acid-Containing Peptides Using T-Wave Ion Mobility Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2017; 28:110-118. [PMID: 27822705 PMCID: PMC5177490 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-016-1523-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The D-residues are crucial to biological function of D-amino acid containing peptides (DAACPs). Previous ion mobility mass spectrometry (IM-MS) studies revealing oligomerization patterns of amyloid cascade demonstrated conversion from native soluble unstructured assembly to fibril ß-sheet oligomers, which has been implicated in amyloid diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes. Although neuropeptides are typically present at very low concentrations in circulation, their local concentrations could be much higher in large dense core vesicles, forming dimers or oligomers. We studied the oligomerization of protonated and metal-adducted achatin I and dermorphin peptide isomers with IM-MS. Our results suggested that dimerization, oligomerization, and metal adduction augment the structural differences between D/L peptide isomers compared to protonated monomers. Dimers and oligomers enhanced the structural differences between D/L peptide isomers in both aqueous and organic solvent system. Furthermore, some oligomer forms were only observed for either D- or L-isomers, indicating the importance of chiral center in oligomerization process. The oligomerization patterns of D/L isomers appear to be similar. Potassium adducts were detected to enlarge the structural differences between D/L isomers. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Pang
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Chenxi Jia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- National Center for Protein Sciences-Beijing, Beijing Proteome Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Zhengwei Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
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27
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Livnat I, Tai HC, Jansson ET, Bai L, Romanova EV, Chen TT, Yu K, Chen SA, Zhang Y, Wang ZY, Liu DD, Weiss KR, Jing J, Sweedler JV. A d-Amino Acid-Containing Neuropeptide Discovery Funnel. Anal Chem 2016; 88:11868-11876. [PMID: 27788334 PMCID: PMC5144109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
![]()
A receptor binding
class of d-amino acid-containing peptides
(DAACPs) is formed in animals from an enzymatically mediated post-translational
modification of ribosomally translated all-l-amino acid peptides.
Although this modification can be required for biological actions,
detecting it is challenging because DAACPs have the same mass as their
all-l-amino acid counterparts. We developed a suite of mass
spectrometry (MS) protocols for the nontargeted discovery of DAACPs
and validated their effectiveness using neurons from Aplysia
californica. The approach involves the following three steps,
with each confirming and refining the hits found in the prior step.
The first step is screening for peptides resistant to digestion by
aminopeptidase M. The second verifies the presence of a chiral amino
acid via acid hydrolysis in deuterium chloride, labeling with Marfey’s
reagent, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry to determine
the chirality of each amino acid. The third involves synthesizing
the putative DAACPs and comparing them to the endogenous standards.
Advantages of the method, the d-amino acid-containing neuropeptide
discovery funnel, are that it is capable of detecting the d-form of any common chiral amino acid, and the first two steps do
not require peptide standards. Using these protocols, we report that
two peptides from the Aplysia achatin-like neuropeptide
precursor exist as GdYFD and SdYADSKDEESNAALSDFA.
Interestingly, GdYFD was bioactive in the Aplysia feeding and locomotor circuits but SdYADSKDEESNAALSDFA
was not. The discovery funnel provides an effective means to characterize
DAACPs in the nervous systems of animals in a nontargeted manner.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ting-Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Ke Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Song-An Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China
| | - Klaudiusz R Weiss
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
| | - Jian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210046, China.,Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York, New York 10029, United States
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28
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Veenstra JA. Neuropeptide Evolution: Chelicerate Neurohormone and Neuropeptide Genes may reflect one or more whole genome duplications. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016:S0016-6480(15)00248-8. [PMID: 27838380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Four genomes and two transcriptomes from six Chelicerate species were analyzed for the presence of neuropeptide and neurohormone precursors and their GPCRs. The genome from the spider Stegodyphus mimosarum yielded 87 neuropeptide precursors and 101 neuropeptide GPCRs. High neuropeptide transcripts were also found in the trancriptomes of three other spiders, Latrodectus hesperus, Parasteatoda tepidariorum and Acanthoscurria geniculata. For the scorpion Mesobuthus martensii the numbers are 79 and 74 respectively. The very small genome of the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae, on the other hand contains a much smaller number of such genes. A few new putative Arthropod neuropeptide genes were discovered. Thus, both spiders and the scorpion have an achatin gene and in spiders there are two different genes encoding myosuppressin-like peptides while spiders also have two genes encoding novel LGamides. Another finding is the presence of trissin in spiders and scorpions, while neuropeptide genes that seem to be orthologs of Lottia LFRYamide and Platynereis CCRFamide were also found. Such genes were also found in various insect species, but seem to be lacking from the Holometabola. The Chelicerate neuropeptide and neuropeptide GPCR genes often have paralogs. As the large majority of these are probably not due to local gene duplications, is not impossible that they reflect the effects of one or more ancient whole genome duplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Veenstra
- INCIA UMR 5287 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
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29
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Veenstra JA. Neuropeptide evolution: Chelicerate neurohormone and neuropeptide genes may reflect one or more whole genome duplications. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 229:41-55. [PMID: 26928473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Four genomes and two transcriptomes from six Chelicerate species were analyzed for the presence of neuropeptide and neurohormone precursors and their GPCRs. The genome from the spider Stegodyphus mimosarum yielded 87 neuropeptide precursors and 120 neuropeptide GPCRs. Many neuropeptide transcripts were also found in the transcriptomes of three other spiders, Latrodectus hesperus, Parasteatoda tepidariorum and Acanthoscurria geniculata. For the scorpion Mesobuthus martensii the numbers are 79 and 93 respectively. The very small genome of the house dust mite, Dermatophagoides farinae, on the other hand contains a much smaller number of such genes. A few new putative Arthropod neuropeptide genes were discovered. Thus, both spiders and the scorpion have an achatin gene and in spiders there are two different genes encoding myosuppressin-like peptides while spiders also have two genes encoding novel LGamides. Another finding is the presence of trissin in spiders and scorpions, while neuropeptide genes that seem to be orthologs of Lottia LFRYamide and Platynereis CCRFamide were also found. Such genes were also found in various insect species, but seem to be lacking from the Holometabola. The Chelicerate neuropeptide and neuropeptide GPCR genes often have paralogs. As the large majority of these are probably not due to local gene duplications, is plausible that they reflect the effects of one or more ancient whole genome duplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Veenstra
- INCIA UMR 5287 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France.
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30
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Koehbach J, Gruber CW, Becker C, Kreil DP, Jilek A. MALDI TOF/TOF-Based Approach for the Identification of d- Amino Acids in Biologically Active Peptides and Proteins. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:1487-96. [PMID: 26985971 PMCID: PMC4861975 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b01067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Several
biologically active peptides contain a d- amino
acid in a well-defined position, which is position 2 in all peptide
epimers isolated to date from vertebrates and also some from invertebrates.
The detection of such D- residues by standard analytical
techniques is challenging. In tandem mass spectrometric (MS) analysis,
although fragment masses are the same for all stereoisomers, peak
intensities are known to depend on chirality. Here, we observe that
the effect of a d- amino acid in the second N-terminal position
on the fragmentation pattern in matrix assisted laser desorption time-of-flight
spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF MS) strongly depends on the peptide sequence.
Stereosensitive fragmentation (SF) is correlated to a neighborhood
effect, but the d- residue also exerts an overall effect
influencing distant bonds. In a fingerprint analysis, multiple peaks
can thus serve to identify the chirality of a sample in short time
and potentially high throughput. Problematic variations between individual
spots could be successfully suppressed by cospotting deuterated analogues
of the epimers. By identifying the [d-Leu2] isomer of the
predicted peptide GH-2 (gene derived bombininH) in skin secretions
of the toad Bombina orientalis, we
demonstrated the analytical power of SF-MALDI-TOF/TOF measurements.
In conclusion, SF-MALDI-TOF/TOF MS combines high sensitivity, versatility,
and the ability to complement other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Koehbach
- Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna , Schwarzspanierstraße 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD, 4072 Australia
| | - Christian W Gruber
- Centre for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna , Schwarzspanierstraße 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Becker
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währinger Straße 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - David P Kreil
- Chair of Bioinformatics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Alexander Jilek
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Vienna , Währinger Straße 38, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.,Chair of Bioinformatics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences , Muthgasse 18, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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31
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Yang CY, Yu K, Wang Y, Chen SA, Liu DD, Wang ZY, Su YN, Yang SZ, Chen TT, Livnat I, Vilim FS, Cropper EC, Weiss KR, Sweedler JV, Jing J. Aplysia Locomotion: Network and Behavioral Actions of GdFFD, a D-Amino Acid-Containing Neuropeptide. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147335. [PMID: 26796097 PMCID: PMC4721866 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
One emerging principle is that neuromodulators, such as neuropeptides, regulate multiple behaviors, particularly motivated behaviors, e.g., feeding and locomotion. However, how neuromodulators act on multiple neural networks to exert their actions remains poorly understood. These actions depend on the chemical form of the peptide, e.g., an alternation of L- to D- form of an amino acid can endow the peptide with bioactivity, as is the case for the Aplysia peptide GdFFD (where dF indicates D-phenylalanine). GdFFD has been shown to act as an extrinsic neuromodulator in the feeding network, while the all L-amino acid form, GFFD, was not bioactive. Given that both GdFFD/GFFD are also present in pedal neurons that mediate locomotion, we sought to determine whether they impact locomotion. We first examined effects of both peptides on isolated ganglia, and monitored fictive programs using the parapedal commissural nerve (PPCN). Indeed, GdFFD was bioactive and GFFD was not. GdFFD increased the frequency with which neural activity was observed in the PPCN. In part, there was an increase in bursting spiking activity that resembled fictive locomotion. Additionally, there was significant activity between bursts. To determine how the peptide-induced activity in the isolated CNS is translated into behavior, we recorded animal movements, and developed a computer program to automatically track the animal and calculate the path of movement and velocity of locomotion. We found that GdFFD significantly reduced locomotion and induced a foot curl. These data suggest that the increase in PPCN activity observed in the isolated CNS during GdFFD application corresponds to a reduction, rather than an increase, in locomotion. In contrast, GFFD had no effect. Thus, our study suggests that GdFFD may act as an intrinsic neuromodulator in the Aplysia locomotor network. More generally, our study indicates that physiological and behavioral analyses should be combined to evaluate peptide actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Song-An Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan-Dan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng-Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Nan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shao-Zhong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Itamar Livnat
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Ferdinand S. Vilim
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Elizabeth C. Cropper
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Klaudiusz R. Weiss
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan V. Sweedler
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jian Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, Jiangsu Engineering Research Center for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, Advanced Institute for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Neuroscience and Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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32
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Zatylny-Gaudin C, Cornet V, Leduc A, Zanuttini B, Corre E, Le Corguillé G, Bernay B, Garderes J, Kraut A, Couté Y, Henry J. Neuropeptidome of the Cephalopod Sepia officinalis: Identification, Tissue Mapping, and Expression Pattern of Neuropeptides and Neurohormones during Egg Laying. J Proteome Res 2015; 15:48-67. [PMID: 26632866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cephalopods exhibit a wide variety of behaviors such as prey capture, communication, camouflage, and reproduction thanks to a complex central nervous system (CNS) divided into several functional lobes that express a wide range of neuropeptides involved in the modulation of behaviors and physiological mechanisms associated with the main stages of their life cycle. This work focuses on the neuropeptidome expressed during egg-laying through de novo construction of the CNS transcriptome using an RNAseq approach (Illumina sequencing). Then, we completed the in silico analysis of the transcriptome by characterizing and tissue-mapping neuropeptides by mass spectrometry. To identify neuropeptides involved in the egg-laying process, we determined (1) the neuropeptide contents of the neurohemal area, hemolymph (blood), and nerve endings in mature females and (2) the expression levels of these peptides. Among the 38 neuropeptide families identified from 55 transcripts, 30 were described for the first time in Sepia officinalis, 5 were described for the first time in the animal kingdom, and 14 were strongly overexpressed in egg-laying females as compared with mature males. Mass spectrometry screening of hemolymph and nerve ending contents allowed us to clarify the status of many neuropeptides, that is, to determine whether they were neuromodulators or neurohormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline Zatylny-Gaudin
- Normandy University , F-14032 Caen, France.,Normandy University , UMR BOREA MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Valérie Cornet
- Normandy University , F-14032 Caen, France.,Normandy University , UMR BOREA MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Alexandre Leduc
- Normandy University , F-14032 Caen, France.,Normandy University , UMR BOREA MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Bruno Zanuttini
- Normandy University , GREYC, UMR CNRS 6072, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Erwan Corre
- UPMC, CNRS, FR2424, ABiMS, Station Biologique, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | | | - Benoît Bernay
- Normandy University , F-14032 Caen, France.,Post Genomic Platform PROTEOGEN, Normandy University , SF ICORE 4206, F-14032 Caen, France
| | - Johan Garderes
- Center for Marine Research, "Ruder Boskovic" Institute , HR-52210 Rovinj, Croatia
| | - Alexandra Kraut
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , iRTSV-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, iRTSV-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,INSERM, BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Yohan Couté
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes , iRTSV-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,CEA, iRTSV-BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,INSERM, BGE, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Joël Henry
- Normandy University , F-14032 Caen, France.,Normandy University , UMR BOREA MNHN, UPMC, UCBN, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, F-14032 Caen, France.,Post Genomic Platform PROTEOGEN, Normandy University , SF ICORE 4206, F-14032 Caen, France
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33
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Large-Scale Combinatorial Deorphanization of Platynereis Neuropeptide GPCRs. Cell Rep 2015; 12:684-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.06.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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34
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Velmurugan P, Jonnalagadda RR, Unni Nair B. Engineering D-Amino Acid Containing Collagen Like Peptide at the Cleavage Site of Clostridium histolyticum Collagenase for Its Inhibition. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124398. [PMID: 25973613 PMCID: PMC4431724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagenase is an important enzyme which plays an important role in degradation of collagen in wound healing, cancer metastasis and even in embryonic development. However, the mechanism of this degradation has not yet been completely understood. In the field of biomedical and protein engineering, the design and development of new peptide based materials is of main concern. In the present work an attempt has been made to study the effect of DAla in collagen like peptide (imino-poor region of type I collagen) on the structure and stability of peptide against enzyme hydrolysis. Effect of replacement of DAla in the collagen like peptide has been studied using circular dichroic spectroscopy (CD). Our findings suggest that, DAla substitution leads to conformational changes in the secondary structure and favours the formation of polyproline II conformation than its L-counterpart in the imino-poor region of collagen like peptides. Change in the chirality of alanine at the cleavage site of collagenase in the imino-poor region inhibits collagenolytic activity. This may find application in design of peptides and peptidomimics for enzyme-substrate interaction, specifically with reference to collagen and other extra cellular matrix proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punitha Velmurugan
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Central Leather Research Institute, Chemical Laboratory, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India
| | - Raghava Rao Jonnalagadda
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Central Leather Research Institute, Chemical Laboratory, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India
- * E-mail:
| | - Balachandran Unni Nair
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research—Central Leather Research Institute, Chemical Laboratory, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India
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35
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Stewart MJ, Favrel P, Rotgans BA, Wang T, Zhao M, Sohail M, O'Connor WA, Elizur A, Henry J, Cummins SF. Neuropeptides encoded by the genomes of the Akoya pearl oyster Pinctata fucata and Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas: a bioinformatic and peptidomic survey. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:840. [PMID: 25277059 PMCID: PMC4200219 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oysters impart significant socio-ecological benefits from primary production of food supply, to estuarine ecosystems via reduction of water column nutrients, plankton and seston biomass. Little though is known at the molecular level of what genes are responsible for how oysters reproduce, filter nutrients, survive stressful physiological events and form reef communities. Neuropeptides represent a diverse class of chemical messengers, instrumental in orchestrating these complex physiological events in other species. RESULTS By a combination of in silico data mining and peptide analysis of ganglia, 74 putative neuropeptide genes were identified from genome and transcriptome databases of the Akoya pearl oyster, Pinctata fucata and the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, encoding precursors for over 300 predicted bioactive peptide products, including three newly identified neuropeptide precursors PFGx8amide, RxIamide and Wx3Yamide. Our findings also include a gene for the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and two egg-laying hormones (ELH) which were identified from both oysters. Multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis supports similar global organization of these mature peptides. Computer-based peptide modeling of the molecular tertiary structures of ELH highlights the structural homologies within ELH family, which may facilitate ELH activity leading to the release of gametes. CONCLUSION Our analysis demonstrates that oysters possess conserved molluscan neuropeptide domains and overall precursor organization whilst highlighting many previously unrecognized bivalve idiosyncrasies. This genomic analysis provides a solid foundation from which further studies aimed at the functional characterization of these molluscan neuropeptides can be conducted to further stimulate advances in understanding the ecology and cultivation of oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Scott F Cummins
- School of Science and Education, Genecology Research Center, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia.
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Ollivaux C, Soyez D, Toullec JY. Biogenesis of d
-amino acid containing peptides/proteins: where, when and how? J Pept Sci 2014; 20:595-612. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Ollivaux
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 8227; Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff; CS 90074, F-29688 Roscoff cedex France
- CNRS, UMR 8227; Integrative Biology of Marine Models, Station Biologique de Roscoff; CS 90074, F-29688 Roscoff cedex France
| | - Daniel Soyez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, ER3; Biogenèse des signaux peptidiques; 7 Quai Saint Bernard F-75251 Paris cedex 05 France
- CNRS, ER3; Biogenèse des signaux peptidiques; 7 Quai Saint Bernard F-75251 Paris cedex 05 France
| | - Jean-Yves Toullec
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff; CS 90074, F-29688 Roscoff cedex France
- CNRS, UMR 7144; Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Station Biologique de Roscoff; CS 90074, F-29688 Roscoff cedex France
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37
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Haslam IS, Roubos EW, Mangoni ML, Yoshizato K, Vaudry H, Kloepper JE, Pattwell DM, Maderson PFA, Paus R. From frog integument to human skin: dermatological perspectives from frog skin biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2013; 89:618-55. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2013] [Accepted: 10/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iain S. Haslam
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT U.K
| | - Eric W. Roubos
- Department of Anatomy; Radboud University Medical Centre; Geert Grooteplein Noord 2, 6525 EZ, Nijmegen P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti; La Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5-00185; Rome Italy
| | - Katsutoshi Yoshizato
- Academic Advisors Office, Synthetic Biology Research Center; Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine; Osaka Japan
- Phoenixbio Co. Ltd; 3-4-1, Kagamiyama; Higashihiroshima Hiroshima 739-0046 Japan
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- European Institute for Peptide Research; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan Place Emile Blondel 76821 France
- INSERM U-982, CNRS; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan Place Emile Blondel 76821 France
| | - Jennifer E. Kloepper
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie; Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160; 23538 Lübeck Germany
| | - David M. Pattwell
- Leahurst Campus, Institute of Learning & Teaching; School of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool; Neston CH64 7TE U.K
| | | | - Ralf Paus
- The Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Inflammation and Repair; University of Manchester; Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PT U.K
- Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie; Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Ratzeburger Allee 160; 23538 Lübeck Germany
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38
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Bai L, Livnat I, Romanova EV, Alexeeva V, Yau PM, Vilim FS, Weiss KR, Jing J, Sweedler JV. Characterization of GdFFD, a D-amino acid-containing neuropeptide that functions as an extrinsic modulator of the Aplysia feeding circuit. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:32837-51. [PMID: 24078634 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.486670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During eukaryotic translation, peptides/proteins are created using L-amino acids. However, a D-amino acid-containing peptide (DAACP) can be produced through post-translational modification via an isomerase enzyme. General approaches to identify novel DAACPs and investigate their function, particularly in specific neural circuits, are lacking. This is primarily due to the difficulty in characterizing this modification and due to the limited information on neural circuits in most species. We describe a multipronged approach to overcome these limitations using the sea slug Aplysia californica. Based on bioinformatics and homology to known DAACPs in the land snail Achatina fulica, we targeted two predicted peptides in Aplysia, GFFD, similar to achatin-I (GdFAD versus GFAD, where dF stands for D-phenylalanine), and YAEFLa, identical to fulyal (YdAEFLa versus YAEFLa), using stereoselective analytical methods, i.e. MALDI MS fragmentation analysis and LC-MS/MS. Although YAEFLa in Aplysia was detected only in an all L-form, we found that both GFFD and GdFFD were present in the Aplysia CNS. In situ hybridization and immunolabeling of GFFD/GdFFD-positive neurons and fibers suggested that GFFD/GdFFD might act as an extrinsic modulator of the feeding circuit. Consistent with this hypothesis, we found that GdFFD induced robust activity in the feeding circuit and elicited egestive motor patterns. In contrast, the peptide consisting of all L-amino acids, GFFD, was not bioactive. Our data indicate that the modification of an L-amino acid-containing neuropeptide to a DAACP is essential for peptide bioactivity in a motor circuit, and thus it provides a functional significance to this modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- From the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology and Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801
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39
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Li F, Bravo-Rodriguez K, Fernandez-Oliva M, Ramirez-Anguita JM, Merz K, Winter M, Lehmann CW, Sander W, Sanchez-Garcia E. Stereochemistry Rules: A Single Stereocenter Changes the Conformation of a Cyclic Tetrapeptide. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:10785-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp406497r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fee Li
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Kenny Bravo-Rodriguez
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | | | - Juan M. Ramirez-Anguita
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Klaus Merz
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Manuela Winter
- Lehrstuhl
für Anorganische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Christian W. Lehmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Wolfram Sander
- Lehrstuhl
für Organische Chemie II, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, D-44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Elsa Sanchez-Garcia
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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40
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Chen Q, Chen M, Zhou J, Han Q, Wang Y, Fu Y. The application of chiral arginine and multi-walled carbon nanotubes as matrices to monitor hydrogen peroxide. Bioelectrochemistry 2013; 91:32-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 12/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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41
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Jékely G. Global view of the evolution and diversity of metazoan neuropeptide signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:8702-7. [PMID: 23637342 PMCID: PMC3666674 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1221833110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 298] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptides are signaling molecules that commonly act via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and are generated in neurons by proneuropeptide (pNP) cleavage. Present in both cnidarians and bilaterians, neuropeptides represent an ancient and widespread mode of neuronal communication. Due to the inherent difficulties of analyzing highly diverse and repetitive pNPs, the relationships among different families are often elusive. Using similarity-based clustering and sensitive similarity searches, I obtained a global view of metazoan pNP diversity and evolution. Clustering revealed a large and diffuse network of sequences connected by significant sequence similarity encompassing one-quarter of all families. pNPs belonging to this cluster were also identified in the early-branching neuronless animal Trichoplax adhaerens. Clustering of neuropeptide GPCRs identified several orthology groups and allowed the reconstruction of the phyletic distribution of receptor families. GPCR phyletic distribution closely paralleled that of pNPs, indicating extensive conservation and long-term coevolution of receptor-ligand pairs. Receptor orthology and intermediate sequences also revealed the homology of pNPs so far considered unrelated, including allatotropin and orexin. These findings, together with the identification of deuterostome achatin and luqin and protostome opioid pNPs, extended the neuropeptide complement of the urbilaterian. Several pNPs were also identified from the hemichordate Saccoglossus kowalevskii and the cephalochordate Branchiostoma floridae, elucidating pNP evolution in deuterostomes. Receptor-ligand conservation also allowed ligand predictions for many uncharacterized GPCRs from nonmodel species. The reconstruction of the neuropeptide-signaling repertoire at deep nodes of the animal phylogeny allowed the formulation of a testable scenario of the evolution of animal neuroendocrine systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gáspár Jékely
- Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
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42
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de Magalhães MTQ, Barbosa EA, Prates MV, Verly RM, Munhoz VHO, de Araújo IE, Bloch C. Conformational and functional effects induced by D- and L-amino acid epimerization on a single gene encoded peptide from the skin secretion of Hypsiboas punctatus. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59255. [PMID: 23565145 PMCID: PMC3614549 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin secretion of Hypsiboas punctatus is the source of a complex mixture of bioactive compounds where peptides and small proteins prevail, similarly to many other amphibians. Among dozens of molecules isolated from H. punctatus in a proteomic based approach, we report here the structural and functional studies of a novel peptide named Phenylseptin (FFFDTLKNLAGKVIGALT-NH2) that was purified as two naturally occurring D- and L-Phes configurations. The amino acid epimerization and C-terminal amidation for both molecules were confirmed by a combination of techniques including reverse-phase UFLC, ion mobility mass spectrometry, high resolution MS/MS experiments, Edman degradation, cDNA sequencing and solid-phase peptide synthesis. RMSD analysis of the twenty lowest-energy (1)H NMR structures of each peptide revealed a major 90° difference between the two backbones at the first four N-terminal residues and substantial orientation changes of their respective side chains. These structural divergences were considered to be the primary cause of the in vitro quantitative differences in antimicrobial activities between the two molecules. Finally, both molecules elicited equally aversive reactions in mice when delivered orally, an effect that depended entirely on peripheral gustatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana T. Q. de Magalhães
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-Distrito Federal, Brasil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Eder A. Barbosa
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-Distrito Federal, Brasil
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Pós-Graduação em Biologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brasil
| | - Maura V. Prates
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-Distrito Federal, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo M. Verly
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo O. Munhoz
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Ivan E. de Araújo
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Carlos Bloch
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-Distrito Federal, Brasil
- * E-mail: ,
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43
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Kodirov SA. The neuronal control of cardiac functions in Molluscs. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2011; 160:102-16. [PMID: 21736949 PMCID: PMC5480900 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2011.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, I review the current and relevant classical studies on properties of the Mollusca heart and their central nervous system including ganglia, neurons, and nerves involved in cardiomodulation. Similar to mammalian brain hemispheres, these invertebrates possess symmetrical pairs of ganglia albeit visceral (only one) ganglion and the parietal ganglia (the right ganglion is bigger than the left one). Furthermore, there are two major regulatory drives into the compartments (pericard, auricle, and ventricle) and cardiomyocytes of the heart. These are the excitatory and inhibitory signals that originate from a few designated neurons and their putative neurotransmitters. Many of these neurons are well-identified, their specific locations within the corresponding ganglion are mapped, and some are termed as either heart excitatory (HE) or inhibitory (HI) cells. The remaining neurons are classified as cardio-regulatory, and their direct and indirect actions on the heart's function have been documented. The cardiovascular anatomy of frequently used experimental animals, Achatina, Aplysia, Helix, and Lymnaea is relatively simple. However, as in humans, it possesses all major components including even trabeculae and atrio-ventricular valves. Since the myocardial cells are enzymatically dispersible, multiple voltage dependent cationic currents in isolated cardiomyocytes are described. The latter include at least the A-type K(+), delayed rectifier K(+), TTX-sensitive Na(+), and L-type Ca(2+) channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sodikdjon A Kodirov
- Department of Biophysics, Saint Petersburg University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia.
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44
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Conti P, Tamborini L, Pinto A, Blondel A, Minoprio P, Mozzarelli A, De Micheli C. Drug Discovery Targeting Amino Acid Racemases. Chem Rev 2011; 111:6919-46. [DOI: 10.1021/cr2000702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Conti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche “P. Pratesi”, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Lucia Tamborini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche “P. Pratesi”, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Pinto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche “P. Pratesi”, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Arnaud Blondel
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Bioinformatique Structurale, CNRS-URA 2185, Département de Biologie Structurale et Chimie, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Paola Minoprio
- Institut Pasteur, Laboratoire des Processus Infectieux à Trypanosoma; Département d’Infection et Epidémiologie; 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Andrea Mozzarelli
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, via G. P. Usberti 23/A, 43100 Parma, Italy
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, viale Medaglie d’oro, Roma, Italy
| | - Carlo De Micheli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche “P. Pratesi”, via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Gehmayr V, Mollay C, Reith L, Müller N, Jilek A. Tight binding of transition-state analogues to a peptidyl-aminoacyl-L/D-isomerase from frog skin. Chembiochem 2011; 12:1996-2000. [PMID: 21739559 PMCID: PMC3195878 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Gehmayr
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz (Austria)
| | - Christa Mollay
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Austrian Academy of SciencesBillrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg (Austria)
| | - Lorenz Reith
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz (Austria)
| | - Norbert Müller
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz (Austria)
| | - Alexander Jilek
- Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life SciencesMuthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna (Austria)
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University LinzAltenberger Strasse 69, 4040 Linz (Austria)
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Austrian Academy of SciencesBillrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg (Austria)
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46
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Elyakova LA, Vaskovsky BV, Khoroshilova NI, Vantseva SI, Agapkina YY. Isolation and structure of a novel peptide inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase from marine polychaetes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011; 37:233-43. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162010061019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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47
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Veenstra JA. Neuropeptide evolution: neurohormones and neuropeptides predicted from the genomes of Capitella teleta and Helobdella robusta. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2011; 171:160-75. [PMID: 21241702 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Genes encoding neurohormones and neuropeptide precursors were identified in the genomes of two annelids, the leech Helobdella robusta and the polychaete worm Capitella teleta. Although no neuropeptides have been identified from these two species and relatively few neuropeptides from annelids in general, 43 and 35 such genes were found in Capitella and Helobdella, respectively. The predicted peptidomes of these two species are similar to one another and also similar to those of mollusks, particular in the case of Capitella. Helobdella seems to have less neuropeptide genes than Capitella and it lacks the glycoprotein hormones bursicon and GPA2/GPB5; in both cases the genes coding the two subunits as well as the genes coding their receptors are absent from its genome. In Helobdella several neuropeptide genes are duplicated, thus it has five NPY genes, including one pseudogene, as well as four genes coding Wwamides (allatostatin B). Genes coding achatin, allatotropin, allatostatin C, conopressin, FFamide, FLamide, FMRFamide, GGRFamide, GnRH, myomodulin, NPY, pedal peptides, RGWamide (a likely APGWamide homolog), RXDLamide, VR(F/I)amide, WWamide were found in both species, while genes coding cerebrin, elevenin, GGNG, LFRWamide, LRFYamide, luqin, lymnokinin and tachykinin were only found in Capitella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Veenstra
- Université de Bordeaux, INCIA UMR 5287 CNRS, 33400 Talence, France.
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48
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Jilek A, Mollay C, Lohner K, Kreil G. Substrate specificity of a peptidyl-aminoacyl-L/D-isomerase from frog skin. Amino Acids 2011; 42:1757-64. [PMID: 21424715 PMCID: PMC3325411 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-011-0890-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In the skin of fire-bellied toads (Bombina species), an aminoacyl-l/d-isomerase activity is present which catalyses the post-translational isomerization of the l- to the d-form of the second residue of its substrate peptides. Previously, this new type of enzyme was studied in some detail and genes potentially coding for similar polypeptides were found to exist in several vertebrate species including man. Here, we present our studies to the substrate specificity of this isomerase using fluorescence-labeled variants of the natural substrate bombinin H with different amino acids at positions 1, 2 or 3. Surprisingly, this enzyme has a rather low selectivity for residues at position 2 where the change of chirality at the alpha-carbon takes place. In contrast, a hydrophobic amino acid at position 1 and a small one at position 3 of the substrate are essential. Interestingly, some peptides containing a Phe at position 3 also were substrates. Furthermore, we investigated the role of the amino-terminus for substrate recognition. In view of the rather broad specificity of the frog isomerase, we made a databank search for potential substrates of such an enzyme. Indeed, numerous peptides of amphibia and mammals were found which fulfill the requirements determined in this study. Expression of isomerases with similar characteristics in other species can therefore be expected to catalyze the formation of peptides containing d-amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Jilek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Str. 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
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49
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Bai L, Romanova EV, Sweedler JV. Distinguishing endogenous D-amino acid-containing neuropeptides in individual neurons using tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2011; 83:2794-800. [PMID: 21388150 DOI: 10.1021/ac200142m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
RNA-based protein synthesis produces L-amino acid-containing proteins and peptides. D-amino acid-containing peptides (DAACPs) can be generated from L-amino acid peptides via post-translational modification. In the nervous system, the conformational change of a single L-amino acid in a peptide to its D-form results in altered bioactivity, with some DAACPs having orders-of-magnitude enhanced efficacy. However, this modification is often overlooked when characterizing endogenous peptides. Here, with the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF)/TOF mass spectrometry, neuropeptides that have the second residue isomerized to the D-isoform are distinguished from their L-epimers via differences in the relative amounts of specific fragment ions during tandem MS. With the appropriate fragment ions chosen, and in some cases with the use of metal adducts, epimer discrimination is optimized. Specifically, the cardioexcitatory peptide Asn-(D)Trp-Phe-amide (NdWFa) was assayed directly from neurons isolated from the sea slug Aplysia californica; the fraction of the peptide with the second residue (W) in the D- versus L-form was 90 ± 10%. We demonstrate that this approach is well suited for confirming DAACPs directly from cells and tissue, advancing our understanding of the l to d modification and the role it plays in cell-to-cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Bai
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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Coccia C, Rinaldi AC, Luca V, Barra D, Bozzi A, Di Giulio A, Veerman ECI, Mangoni ML. Membrane interaction and antibacterial properties of two mildly cationic peptide diastereomers, bombinins H2 and H4, isolated from Bombina skin. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2011; 40:577-88. [PMID: 21327963 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-011-0681-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2010] [Revised: 01/11/2011] [Accepted: 01/27/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Bombinins H are mildly cationic antimicrobial peptides isolated from the skin of the anuran genus Bombina, the fire-bellied toad. Some members of this peptide family coexist in skin secretions as diastereomers in which a single D: -amino acid (alloisoleucine or leucine) is incorporated as a result of the post-translational modification of the respective gene-encoded L-amino acid. Here we report on the antimicrobial properties and membrane interactions of bombinins H2 and H4. The latter differs from H2 by the presence of a D-alloisoleucine at the second N-terminal position. Specifically, we have evaluated the antimicrobial activity of H2 and H4 against a large panel of reference and clinical isolates of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria; performed membrane permeation assays on both intact cells and model membranes (lipid monolayers and liposomes) mimicking the composition of the plasma membrane of Gram-negative/positive bacteria; used biochemical tools, such as trypsin-encapsulated liposomes and capillary electrophoresis, to monitor the peptides' ability to translocate through the membrane of liposomes mimicking Escherichia coli inner membrane. The results revealed interesting relationships between the presence of a single D: -amino acid in the sequence of an antimicrobial peptide and its target microbial cell selectivity/membrane-perturbing activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Coccia
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università de L'Aquila, 67010 L'Aquila, Italy
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