1
|
Truong L, Zheng YM, Wang YX. Mitochondrial Rieske iron-sulfur protein in pulmonary artery smooth muscle: A key primary signaling molecule in pulmonary hypertension. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 683:108234. [PMID: 31980131 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Rieske iron-sulfur protein (RISP) is a catalytic subunit of the complex III in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Studies for years have revealed that RISP is essential for the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) via delicate signaling pathways associated with many important molecules such as protein kinase C-ε, NADPH oxidase, and ryanodine receptors. More significantly, mitochondrial RISP-mediated ROS production has been implicated in the development of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, leading to pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure, and death. Investigations have also shown the involvement of RISP in ROS-dependent cardiac ischemic/reperfusion injuries. Further research may provide novel and valuable information that can not only enhance our understanding of the functional roles of RISP and the underlying molecular mechanisms in the pulmonary vasculature and other systems, but also elucidate whether RISP targeting can act as preventative and restorative therapies against pulmonary hypertension, cardiac diseases, and other disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Truong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Truong L, Zheng YM, Wang YX. Mitochondrial Rieske iron-sulfur protein in pulmonary artery smooth muscle: A key primary signaling molecule in pulmonary hypertension. Arch Biochem Biophys 2019; 664:68-75. [PMID: 30710505 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Rieske iron-sulfur protein (RISP) is a catalytic subunit of the complex III in the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Studies for years have revealed that RISP is essential for the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) via delicate signaling pathways associated with many important molecules such as protein kinase C-ε, NADPH oxidase, and ryanodine receptors. More significantly, mitochondrial RISP-mediated ROS production has been implicated in the development of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction, leading to pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure, and death. Investigations have also shown the involvement of RISP in ROS-dependent cardiac ischemic/reperfusion injuries. Further research may provide novel and valuable information that can not only enhance our understanding of the functional roles of RISP and the underlying molecular mechanisms in the pulmonary vasculature and other systems, but also elucidate whether RISP targeting can act as preventative and restorative therapies against pulmonary hypertension, cardiac diseases, and other disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lillian Truong
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yun-Min Zheng
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Yong-Xiao Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lambert M, Capuano V, Olschewski A, Sabourin J, Nagaraj C, Girerd B, Weatherald J, Humbert M, Antigny F. Ion Channels in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Therapeutic Interest? Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103162. [PMID: 30322215 PMCID: PMC6214085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a multifactorial and severe disease without curative therapies. PAH pathobiology involves altered pulmonary arterial tone, endothelial dysfunction, distal pulmonary vessel remodeling, and inflammation, which could all depend on ion channel activities (K⁺, Ca2+, Na⁺ and Cl-). This review focuses on ion channels in the pulmonary vasculature and discusses their pathophysiological contribution to PAH as well as their therapeutic potential in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Lambert
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Véronique Capuano
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Andrea Olschewski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, Graz 8010, Austria.
- Department of Physiology, Medical University Graz, Neue Stiftingtalstraße 6, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Jessica Sabourin
- Signalisation et Physiopathologie Cardiovasculaire, UMRS 1180, Univ. Paris-Sud, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France.
| | - Chandran Nagaraj
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Lung Vascular Research, Stiftingtalstrasse 24, Graz 8010, Austria.
| | - Barbara Girerd
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Jason Weatherald
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
- Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T1Y 6J4, Canada.
- Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T1Y 6J4, Canada.
| | - Marc Humbert
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| | - Fabrice Antigny
- Univ. Paris-Sud, Faculté de Médecine, 94270 Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- AP-HP, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire Sévère, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Thorax Innovation, Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation Respiratoire, Hôpital de Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
- UMRS 999, INSERM and Univ. Paris⁻Sud, Laboratoire d'Excellence (LabEx) en Recherche sur le Médicament et l'Innovation Thérapeutique (LERMIT), Hôpital-Marie-Lannelongue, 92350 Le Plessis Robinson, France.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Role of voltage-gated potassium channels in pathogenesis of chronic pulmonary heart disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 33:644-649. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-013-1174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2013] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|
5
|
Dong Q, Zhao N, Xia CK, Du LL, Fu XX, Du YM. Hypoxia induces voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channel expression in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells through hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1). Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2012; 12:158-63. [PMID: 22938542 PMCID: PMC4362424 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2012.2463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Accepted: 03/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) regulates the expression of hypoxia-inducible genes by binding erythropoietin (EPO) enhancer fragments. Of these genes, HIF-1 upregulates voltage-gated K+1.2 channels (Kv1.2) in rat PC12 cells. Whether HIF-1 regulates hypoxia-induced Kv channel expression in cultured pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), however, has not been determined. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypoxia on the expression of Kv1.2 Kv1.5, Kv2.1, and Kv9.3 channels in PASMCs and examined the direct role of HIF-1 by transfecting either wild type or mutant EPO enhancer fragments. Our results showed that 18 h exposure to hypoxia significantly increased the expression of Kv1.2, Kv1.5, Kv2.1, and Kv9.3; and this hypoxia-induced upregulation was completely inhibited after transfection with the wild type but not mutant EPO enhancer fragment. These results indicate that HIF-1 regulates hypoxia-stimulated induction of Kv1.2 Kv1.5, Kv2.1, and Kv9.3 channels in cultured PASMCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Dong
- Ion Channelopathy Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Ning Zhao
- Ion Channelopathy Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Cheng-kun Xia
- Ion Channelopathy Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Li-li Du
- Ion Channelopathy Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xiao-xing Fu
- Ion Channelopathy Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yi-mei Du
- Ion Channelopathy Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
- Corresponding author: Yi-mei Du, Ion Channelopathy Research Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Union Hospital, Tongji Medial College, Huazhong Unversity of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China Phone: 86-27-85726462; Fax : 86-27-85755457 e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dospinescu C, Widmer H, Rowe I, Wainwright C, Cruickshank SF. Hypoxia sensitivity of a voltage-gated potassium current in porcine intrapulmonary vein smooth muscle cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2012; 303:L476-86. [PMID: 22773694 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00157.2012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia contracts the pulmonary vein, but the underlying cellular effectors remain unclear. Utilizing contractile studies and whole cell patch-clamp electrophysiology, we report for the first time a hypoxia-sensitive K(+) current in porcine pulmonary vein smooth muscle cells (PVSMC). Hypoxia induced a transient contractile response that was 56 ± 7% of the control response (80 mM KCl). This contraction required extracellular Ca(2+) and was sensitive to Ca(2+) channel blockade. Blockade of K(+) channels by tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) reversibly inhibited the hypoxia-mediated contraction. Single-isolated PVSMC (typically 159.1 ± 2.3 μm long) had mean resting membrane potentials (RMP) of -36 ± 4 mV with a mean membrane capacitance of 108 ± 3.5 pF. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings identified a rapidly activating, partially inactivating K(+) current (I(KH)) that was hypoxia, TEA, and 4-AP sensitive. I(KH) was insensitive to Penitrem A or glyburide in PVSMC and had a time to peak of 14.4 ± 3.3 ms and recovered in 67 ms following inactivation at +80 mV. Peak window current was -32 mV, suggesting that I(KH) may contribute to PVSMC RMP. The molecular identity of the potassium channel is not clear. However, RT-PCR, using porcine pulmonary artery and vein samples, identified Kv(1.5), Kv(2.1), and BK, with all three being more abundant in the PV. Both artery and vein expressed STREX, a highly conserved and hypoxia-sensitive BK channel variant. Taken together, our data support the hypothesis that hypoxic inhibition of I(KH) would contribute to hypoxic-induced contraction in PVSMC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciprian Dospinescu
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon Univ, Schoolhill, Aberdeen, Scotland UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Mittal M, Gu XQ, Pak O, Pamenter ME, Haag D, Fuchs DB, Schermuly RT, Ghofrani HA, Brandes RP, Seeger W, Grimminger F, Haddad GG, Weissmann N. Hypoxia induces Kv channel current inhibition by increased NADPH oxidase-derived reactive oxygen species. Free Radic Biol Med 2012; 52:1033-42. [PMID: 22222468 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2011] [Revised: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
There is current discussion whether reactive oxygen species are up- or downregulated in the pulmonary circulation during hypoxia, from which sources (i.e., mitochondria or NADPH oxidases) they are derived, and what the downstream targets of ROS are. We recently showed that the NADPH oxidase homolog NOX4 is upregulated in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice and contributes to the vascular remodeling in pulmonary hypertension. We here tested the hypothesis that NOX4 regulates K(v) channels via an increased ROS formation after prolonged hypoxia. We showed that (1) NOX4 is upregulated in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in rats and isolated rat pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMC) after 3days of hypoxia, and (2) that NOX4 is a major contributor to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) after hypoxia. Our data indicate colocalization of K(v)1.5 and NOX4 in isolated PASMC. The NADPH oxidase inhibitor and ROS scavenger apocynin as well as NOX4 siRNA reversed the hypoxia-induced decrease in K(v) current density whereas the protein levels of the channels remain unaffected by siNOX4 treatment. Determination of cysteine oxidation revealed increased NOX4-mediated K(v)1.5 channel oxidation. We conclude that sustained hypoxia decreases K(v) channel currents by a direct effect of a NOX4-derived increase in ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Mittal
- Excellence Cluster Cardio-Pulmonary System, University of Giessen Lung Center, Justus-Liebig-University, Medical Clinic II/V, Aulweg 130, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
It has been known for more than 60 years, and suspected for over 100, that alveolar hypoxia causes pulmonary vasoconstriction by means of mechanisms local to the lung. For the last 20 years, it has been clear that the essential sensor, transduction, and effector mechanisms responsible for hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) reside in the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell. The main focus of this review is the cellular and molecular work performed to clarify these intrinsic mechanisms and to determine how they are facilitated and inhibited by the extrinsic influences of other cells. Because the interaction of intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms is likely to shape expression of HPV in vivo, we relate results obtained in cells to HPV in more intact preparations, such as intact and isolated lungs and isolated pulmonary vessels. Finally, we evaluate evidence regarding the contribution of HPV to the physiological and pathophysiological processes involved in the transition from fetal to neonatal life, pulmonary gas exchange, high-altitude pulmonary edema, and pulmonary hypertension. Although understanding of HPV has advanced significantly, major areas of ignorance and uncertainty await resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J. T. Sylvester
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Larissa A. Shimoda
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Philip I. Aaronson
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy P. T. Ward
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; and Division of Asthma, Allergy and Lung Biology, School of Medicine, King's College, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moral-Sanz J, Gonzalez T, Menendez C, David M, Moreno L, Macias A, Cortijo J, Valenzuela C, Perez-Vizcaino F, Cogolludo A. Ceramide inhibits Kv currents and contributes to TP-receptor-induced vasoconstriction in rat and human pulmonary arteries. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2011; 301:C186-94. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00243.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Neutral sphingomyelinase (nSMase)-derived ceramide has been proposed as a mediator of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), a specific response of the pulmonary circulation. Voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels are modulated by numerous vasoactive factors, including hypoxia, and their inhibition has been involved in HPV. Herein, we have analyzed the effects of ceramide on Kv currents and contractility in rat pulmonary arteries (PA) and in mesenteric arteries (MA). The ceramide analog C6-ceramide inhibited Kv currents in PA smooth muscle cells (PASMC). Similar effects were obtained after the addition of bacterial sphingomyelinase (SMase), indicating a role for endogenous ceramide in Kv channel regulation. Kv current was reduced by stromatoxin and diphenylphosphine oxide-1 (DPO-1), selective inhibitors of Kv2.1 and Kv1.5 channels, respectively. The inhibitory effect of ceramide was still present in the presence of stromatoxin or DPO-1, suggesting that this sphingolipid inhibited both components of the native Kv current. Accordingly, ceramide inhibited Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 channels expressed in Ltk− cells. Ceramide-induced effects were reduced in human embryonic kidney 293 cells expressing Kv1.5 channels but not the regulatory subunit Kvβ2.1. The nSMase inhibitor GW4869 reduced the thromboxane-endoperoxide receptor agonist U46619-induced, but not endothelin-1-induced pulmonary vasoconstriction that was partly restored after addition of exogenous ceramide. The PKC-ζ pseudosubstrate inhibitor (PKCζ-PI) inhibited the Kv inhibitory and contractile effects of ceramide. In MA ceramide had no effect on Kv currents and GW4869 did not affect U46619-induced contraction. The effects of SMase were also observed in human PA. These results suggest that ceramide represents a crucial signaling mediator in the pulmonary vasculature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Moral-Sanz
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense Madrid
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)
| | - Teresa Gonzalez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid; and
| | - Carmen Menendez
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense Madrid
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)
| | - Miren David
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid; and
| | - Laura Moreno
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense Madrid
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)
| | - Alvaro Macias
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid; and
| | - Julio Cortijo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia. Fundación Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia,Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen Valenzuela
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid; and
| | - Francisco Perez-Vizcaino
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense Madrid
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)
| | - Angel Cogolludo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense Madrid
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen Y, Luo F, Luo S, Wu Z, Zhou J. The augmenter of liver regeneration protects the kidneys after orthotopic liver transplantation possibly by upregulating HIF-1α and O2-sensitive K+ channels. Surg Today 2011; 41:382-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00595-010-4282-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/04/2010] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
11
|
Wang YX, Zheng YM. ROS-dependent signaling mechanisms for hypoxic Ca(2+) responses in pulmonary artery myocytes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2010; 12:611-23. [PMID: 19764882 PMCID: PMC2861542 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2009.2877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxic exposure causes pulmonary vasoconstriction, which serves as a critical physiologic process that ensures regional alveolar ventilation and pulmonary perfusion in the lungs, but may become an essential pathologic factor leading to pulmonary hypertension. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and associated pulmonary hypertension are uncertain, increasing evidence indicates that hypoxia can result in a significant increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species concentration ([ROS](i)) through the mitochondrial electron-transport chain in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). The increased mitochondrial ROS subsequently activate protein kinase C-epsilon (PKCepsilon) and NADPH oxidase (Nox), providing positive mechanisms that further increase [ROS](i). ROS may directly cause extracellular Ca(2+) influx by inhibiting voltage-dependent K(+) (K(V)) channels and opening of store-operated Ca(2+) (SOC) channels, as well as intracellular Ca(2+) release by activating ryanodine receptors (RyRs), leading to an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and associated contraction. In concert with ROS, PKCepsilon may also affect K(V) channels, SOC channels, and RyRs, contributing to hypoxic Ca(2+) and contractile responses in PASMCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Xiao Wang
- Center for Cardiovascular Sciences, Albany Medical College, New York 12208, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Huang Y, Giordano FJ. Chapter 13. Oxygen as a direct and indirect biological determinant in the vasculature. Methods Enzymol 2008; 444:285-304. [PMID: 19007670 DOI: 10.1016/s0076-6879(08)02813-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A fundamental function of the vasculature is to deliver oxygen to tissues and organs. The cells that make up the vasculature also require oxygen, and are acted upon by oxygen in direct and indirect ways that can have significant effects on acute and chronic vascular function and morphology. The role that oxygen, or its absence, plays in defining the biology of the vasculature is thus of critical importance, yet remains an area about which there are many gaps in knowledge and understanding. Oxygen-associated paracrine mechanisms can drive vascular processes such as angiogenesis. The vasculature can also directly sense blood oxygen levels and differentially translate this information into rapid vasoconstriction responses in some vascular beds, and vasodilation in others. Furthering our understanding of how oxygen and hypoxia affect the vasculature may lead to greater insights into the mechanisms and pathogenesis of disease processes involving the vasculature, and lead to new therapeutic paradigms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Huang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Vascular Biology and Translation Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bonnet S, Archer SL. Potassium channel diversity in the pulmonary arteries and pulmonary veins: implications for regulation of the pulmonary vasculature in health and during pulmonary hypertension. Pharmacol Ther 2007; 115:56-69. [PMID: 17583356 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/28/2007] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the ionic heterogeneity manifest in the pulmonary circulation, particularly as it pertains to hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Heterogeneity in potassium (K(+)) channels, key regulators of vascular tone, cell proliferation, and apoptosis rates, contribute to the diverse response of vascular segments to hypoxia and to the localization of pathological changes in PAH. Pulmonary artery (PA) and pulmonary vein (PV) smooth muscle cells (SMC) express several K(+) channel families, including calcium-sensitive (KCa), voltage-gated (K(v)), inward rectifier (Kir), and 2-pore channels. Diversity is created by heterogeneous occurrence of alternatively spliced, mRNA species, assembly of heterotetrameric channels from diverse alpha-subunits, and association of channels with regulatory beta-subunits. Local heterogeneity in transcription factor activity may underlie differences in channel expression. Enrichment of resistance PASMCs with O(2)-sensitive K(+) channels, such as K(v)1.5, partially explains the greater HPV in resistance versus conduit PAs. In addition, resistance PAs are unique in having mitochondria which dynamically alter production of reactive O(2) species (ROS) in proportion to PO(2), thereby regulating K(+) channel activity and controlling expression through transcription factors, such as HIF-1alpha. In intraparenchymal PVs, a coaxial layer of cardiomyocytes encompasses a media of typical vascular SMCs. PV cardiomyocytes have rhythmic contraction and their Kir-enriched channels may be relevant to genesis of atrial arrhythmias and pulmonary edema. K(v) channel expression is decreased in PAH, leading to elevations of cytosolic K(+) and Ca(2+) that impair apoptosis and increase proliferation. Understanding ionic diversity may allow development of therapies that locally increase K(+) channel current and expression to treat PHT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Bonnet
- Department of Medicine (Cardiology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Young KA, Ivester C, West J, Carr M, Rodman DM. BMP signaling controls PASMC KV channel expression in vitro and in vivo. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2005; 290:L841-8. [PMID: 16339782 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00158.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of familial pulmonary arterial hypertension. The type 2 receptor (BMPR2) is required for recognition of all BMPs. Transgenic mice with a smooth muscle cell-targeted mutation in this receptor (SM22-tet-BMPR2(delx4+)) developed increased pulmonary artery pressure, associated with a modest increase in arterial muscularization, after 8 wk of transgene activation (West J, Fagan K, Steudel W, Fouty B, Lane K, Harral J, Hoedt-Miller M, Tada Y, Ozimek J, Tuder R, and Rodman DM. Circ Res 94: 1109-1114, 2004). In the present study, we show that these transgenic mice developed increased right ventricular pressures after only 1 wk of transgene activation, without significant remodeling of the vasculature. We then tested the hypothesis that the increased pulmonary artery pressure due to loss of BMPR2 signaling was mediated by reduced K(V) channel expression. There was decreased expression of K(V)1.1, K(V)1.5, and K(V)4.3 mRNA isolated from whole lung. Western blot confirmed decreased K(V)1.5 protein in these lungs. Human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) treated with recombinant BMP2 had increased K(V)1.5 protein and macroscopic K(V) current density, which was blocked by anti-K(V)1.5 antibody. In vivo, nifedipine, a selective L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker, reduced RV systolic pressure in these dominant-negative BMPR2 mice to levels seen in control animals. This suggests that activation of L-type Ca(2+) channels caused by reduced K(V)1.5 mediates increased pulmonary artery pressure in these animals. These studies suggest that BMP regulates K(V) channel expression and that loss of this signaling pathway in PASMC through a mutation in BMPR2 is sufficient to cause pulmonary artery vasoconstriction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katharine A Young
- Center for Genetic Lung Disease, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Box B133, 4200 E. 9th Avenue, Denver, CO 80262, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Affiliation(s)
- E Kenneth Weir
- Department of Medicine, Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55417, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Archer SL, Wu XC, Thébaud B, Nsair A, Bonnet S, Tyrrell B, McMurtry MS, Hashimoto K, Harry G, Michelakis ED. Preferential expression and function of voltage-gated, O2-sensitive K+ channels in resistance pulmonary arteries explains regional heterogeneity in hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: ionic diversity in smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 2004; 95:308-18. [PMID: 15217912 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.0000137173.42723.fb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV) is initiated by inhibition of O2-sensitive, voltage-gated (Kv) channels in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). Kv inhibition depolarizes membrane potential (E(M)), thereby activating Ca2+ influx via voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. HPV is weak in extrapulmonary, conduit pulmonary arteries (PA) and strong in precapillary resistance arteries. We hypothesized that regional heterogeneity in HPV reflects a longitudinal gradient in the function/expression of PASMC O2-sensitive Kv channels. In adult male Sprague Dawley rats, constrictions to hypoxia, the Kv blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and correolide, a Kv1.x channel inhibitor, were endothelium-independent and greater in resistance versus conduit PAs. Moreover, HPV was dependent on Kv-inhibition, being completely inhibited by pretreatment with 4-AP. Kv1.2, 1.5, Kv2.1, Kv3.1b, Kv4.3, and Kv9.3. mRNA increased as arterial caliber decreased; however, only Kv1.5 protein expression was greater in resistance PAs. Resistance PASMCs had greater K+ current (I(K)) and a more hyperpolarized E(M) and were uniquely O2- and correolide-sensitive. The O2-sensitive current (active at -65 mV) was resistant to iberiotoxin, with minimal tityustoxin sensitivity. In resistance PASMCs, 4-AP and hypoxia inhibited I(K) 57% and 49%, respectively, versus 34% for correolide. Intracellular administration of anti-Kv1.5 antibodies inhibited correolide's effects. The hypoxia-sensitive, correolide-insensitive I(K) (15%) was conducted by Kv2.1. Anti-Kv1.5 and anti-Kv2.1 caused additive depolarization in resistance PASMCs (Kv1.5>Kv2.1) and inhibited hypoxic depolarization. Heterologously expressed human PASMC Kv1.5 generated an O2- and correolide-sensitive I(K) like that in resistance PASMCs. In conclusion, Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 account for virtually all the O2-sensitive current. HPV occurs in a Kv-enriched resistance zone because resistance PASMCs preferentially express O2-sensitive Kv-channels.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 4-Aminopyridine/pharmacology
- Acetylcholine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Cell Hypoxia
- Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured/physiology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Hypoxia/physiopathology
- Ion Channel Gating/drug effects
- Ion Transport/drug effects
- Kv1.5 Potassium Channel
- Male
- Membrane Potentials/drug effects
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/physiology
- Oxygen/pharmacology
- Patch-Clamp Techniques
- Peptides/pharmacology
- Potassium/metabolism
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/biosynthesis
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/genetics
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/physiology
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Pulmonary Circulation/drug effects
- Pulmonary Circulation/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/physiology
- Scorpion Venoms/pharmacology
- Shab Potassium Channels
- Transduction, Genetic
- Triterpenes/pharmacology
- Vascular Resistance/drug effects
- Vascular Resistance/physiology
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasoconstriction/physiology
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen L Archer
- Heart and Stroke Chair in Cardiovascular Research, Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, WMC 2C2.36, 8440 112th St, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2B7, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hong Z, Weir EK, Nelson DP, Olschewski A. Subacute hypoxia decreases voltage-activated potassium channel expression and function in pulmonary artery myocytes. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2004; 31:337-43. [PMID: 15151918 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2003-0386oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hypoxia results in both structural changes in the pulmonary artery and a sustained increase in pulmonary vascular tone. This study investigated the effects of subacute moderate hypoxia on expression and function of potassium (K+) channels in rat pulmonary artery myocytes (PASMCs). The rats were kept at 0.67 atmospheres for 6, 12, or 24 h. We found that the expression of mRNA for voltage-activated K+ channels (Kv)1.2, Kv1.5, and Kv2.1 is reduced after less than 24 h of this moderate hypoxia. K+ current (Ik) is significantly inhibited in PASMCs from rats hypoxic for 24 h, resting membrane potential is depolarized and cytosolic [Ca2+] is increased in these cells. In addition, antibodies to Kv1.2, Kv1.5, and Kv2.1 inhibit Ik, cause membrane depolarization and attenuate both hypoxia- and 4-AP-induced elevation in [Ca2+]i in PASMCs from normoxic rats but not from 24 h hypoxic rats. Subacute hypoxia does not completely remove the mRNA for Kv1.2, Kv1.5, and Kv2.1, but antibodies against these channels no longer alter Ik or cytosolic calcium, suggesting that subacute hypoxia may inactivate the channels as well as reduce expression. As the expression of mRNA for Kv1.2, Kv1.5, and Kv2.1 is sensitive to subacute hypoxia and decreased expression/function of these channels has physiologic effects on membrane potential and cytosolic calcium, it seems likely that these Kv channels may also be involved in the mechanism of high-altitude pulmonary edema and possibly in the signaling of chronic hypoxic pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Altitude Sickness/genetics
- Altitude Sickness/metabolism
- Animals
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Bronchoconstriction/genetics
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium Signaling/genetics
- Cell Membrane/genetics
- Cell Membrane/metabolism
- Delayed Rectifier Potassium Channels
- Down-Regulation/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypoxia/genetics
- Hypoxia/metabolism
- Kv1.2 Potassium Channel
- Kv1.5 Potassium Channel
- Male
- Membrane Potentials/genetics
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Potassium Channels/genetics
- Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated/genetics
- Pulmonary Artery/cytology
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Edema/genetics
- Pulmonary Edema/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Shab Potassium Channels
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Hong
- VA Medical Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Buckler
- Laboratory of Physiology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|