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Sun D, Li X, Xu S, Cao S, Quan Y, Cui S, Xu D. Dazhu Hongjingtian injection attenuated alcohol-induced depressive symptoms by inhibiting hippocampus oxidative stress and inflammation through Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 334:118564. [PMID: 38996946 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alcoholic depression, a disorder of the central nervous system, is characterized by alcohol abuse, which causes blood-brain barrier disruption and oxidative damage in the brain. The rhizome of Rhodiola crenulate, from which Dazhu Hongjingtian Injection (DZHJTI) is derived, has been traditionally employed in ethnopharmacology to treat neurological disorders due to its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the exact mechanism by which DZHJTI alleviates alcoholic depression remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the antidepressant effects of DZHJTI and its underlying mechanisms in a mouse model of alcohol-induced depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS A model of alcoholic depression was established using C57BL/6J mice, and the effects of DZHJTI on depression-like behaviors induced by alcohol exposure were assessed through behavioral experiments. Histopathological examination was conducted to observe nerve cell damage and microglial activation in the hippocampal region. Oxidative stress indices in the hippocampus, inflammatory factors, and serum levels of dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were measured using ELISA. Expression of proteins related to the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling pathway was determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS DZHJTI attenuated depression-like behaviors, neuronal cell damage, oxidative stress levels, inflammatory responses, and microglial activation. It also restored levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, brain myelin basic protein, DA, and 5-HT in mice with chronic alcohol exposure. After DZHJTI treatment, the expressions of Nuclear Respiratory Factor 2 (Nrf2) and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) increased in the hippocampus, whereas the levels of NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing CARD, cleaved caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18 decreased. CONCLUSIONS DZHJTI ameliorates alcohol-induced depressive symptoms in mice through its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, involving mechanisms associated with the Nrf2/HO-1/NLRP3 signaling pathway. This study highlights the potential of DZHJTI as a therapeutic option for alcohol-related depression and suggests the scope for future research to further elucidate its mechanisms and broader clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingchun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xiangdan Li
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Songji Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Shuxia Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yingshi Quan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Songbiao Cui
- Department of Neurology, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, Jilin, China.
| | - Dongyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China.
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Ziroldo JC, Torres LMB, Gamberini MT. Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) induces psychostimulant, anxiolytic-like effects and improvement of motor performance in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118476. [PMID: 38908491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is reported by traditional medicine as tonic, stimulating and beneficial in increasing resistance to fatigue. Previous preclinical studies in rats using aqueous extract of sugarcane leaves (AE) revealed pharmacological effects on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems involving the participation of dopaminergic pathways. This neurotransmission system is also related to motor, emotional and cognitive activities, which could, in part, justify the ethnopharmacological information. AIM OF STUDY The present study aimed to investigate the motor, emotional and cognitive activities of rats submitted to AE treatment using behavioral tests in order to correlate the pharmacological effects with the therapeutic benefits postulated by traditional medicine. Additionally, the chemical profile of AE was evaluated by HPLC-UV/Vis, and the presence of shikimic acid, vitexin, and ferulic acid, as possible chemical markers, was investigated through comparisons of chemical parameters with the authentic patterns, and a UV-Vis scan of known spectra. MATERIAL AND METHODS Rats received water (1.5 mL/kg, p.o.) and AE (0.5, 10 and 500 mg/kg, p.o.) in the absence and presence of haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.), 90 min before open field; rotarod; elevated plus maze and inhibitory avoidance tests for investigation of motor; emotional and cognitive responses. As a positive control was used apomorphine (0.25 mg/kg, s.c.). The chemical profile of AE was evaluated by HPLC-UV/Vis and the presence of shikimic acid, vitexin and ferulic acid, as possible chemical markers, was investigated through comparisons with the retention times, an increase of the integral of the peak area determined by co-injection of AE with the authentic patterns, and a UV-Vis scan of known spectra. RESULTS In open field, it revealed that AE increased locomotion; reduced rearing but did not change freezing and grooming. Besides, AE increased motor performance in rotarod and reduced anxiety in elevated plus maze. A relation dose-response was observed in these tests where the lowest dose of AE was more effective in developing pharmacological responses. Previous administration of haloperidol inhibited the responses of AE. Inhibitory avoidance test revealed that AE did not modify fast-learning and associative memory. CONCLUSIONS Sugarcane induced psychostimulant, anxiolytic-like effects, and improvement of motor performance in rats, with the involvement of dopaminergic pathways. The present study points to AE as a potential adaptogen but, in addition to behavioral assessments, metabolic and molecular aspects, that involve the participation of a variety of regulatory systems, will be investigated in futures studies. Phytochemical analyses showed that AE is a complex matrix and revealed shikimic acid, vitexin, and ferulic acid as potential chemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Corsini Ziroldo
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Thereza Gamberini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Rahdar M, Davoudi S, Dehghan S, Javan M, Hosseinmardi N, Behzadi G, Janahmadi M. Reversal of electrophysiological and behavioral deficits mediated by 5-HT7 receptor upregulation following LP-211 treatment in an autistic-like rat model induced by prenatal valproic acid exposure. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110057. [PMID: 38964596 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by alterations and imbalances in multiple brain neurochemical systems, particularly the serotonergic neurotransmission. This includes changes in serotonin (5-HT) levels, aberrations in 5-HT transporter activity, and decreased synthesis and expression of 5-HT receptors (5-HT7Rs). The exact role of the brain 5-HT system in the development of ASD remains unclear, with conflicting evidence on its involvement. Recently, we have reported research has shown a significant decrease in serotonergic neurons originating from the raphe nuclei and projecting to the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus in autistic-like rats. Additionally, we have shown that chronic activation of 5-HT7Rs reverses the effects of autism induction on synaptic plasticity. However, the functional significance of 5-HT7Rs at the cellular level is still not fully understood. This study presents new evidence indicating an upregulation of 5-HT7R in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus following the induction of autism. The present account also demonstrates that activation of 5-HT7R with its agonist LP-211 can reverse electrophysiological abnormalities in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in a rat model of autism induced by prenatal exposure to VPA. Additionally, in vivo administration of LP-211 resulted in improvements in motor coordination, novel object recognition, and a reduction in stereotypic behaviors in autistic-like offspring. The findings suggest that dysregulated expression of 5-HT7Rs may play a role in the pathophysiology of ASD, and that agonists like LP-211 could potentially be explored as a pharmacological treatment for autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Rahdar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Davoudi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Dehghan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Hosseinmardi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gila Behzadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Janahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center and Dep. of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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4
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Li R, Yang Y, Wang L, Tang G, Yang J, Gao S, Liu J. Blockade of pre- and post-synaptic GABA B receptors in the anteroventral bed nucleus of stria terminalis produces anxiolytic-like and anxiety-like effects in parkinsonian rats respectively. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110033. [PMID: 38866066 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
The anteroventral bed nucleus of stria terminalis (avBNST) is a limbic forebrain region involved in the regulation of anxiety, and expresses GABAB receptors, which are located at both pre- and post-synaptic sites. However, it is unclear how blockade of these receptors affects anxiety-like behaviors, particularly in Parkinson's disease (PD)-related anxiety. In the present study, unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions of the substantia nigra pars compacta in rats induced anxiety-like behaviors, and increased GABA release and decreased glutamate release in the avBNST, as well as decreased level of dopamine (DA) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Intra-avBNST injection of pre-synaptic GABAB receptor antagonist CGP36216 produced anxiolytic-like effects, while the injection of post-synaptic GABAB receptor antagonist CGP35348 induced anxiety-like responses in both sham and 6-OHDA rats. Intra-avBNST injection of CGP36216 inhibited the GABAergic neurons and increased GABA/glutamate ratio in the avBNST and increased levels of DA and serotonin (5-HT) in the BLA; conversely, CGP35348 produced opposite effects on the firing activity of avBNST GABAergic neurons and levels of the neurotransmitters in the avBNST and BLA. Moreover, the doses of the antagonists producing significant behavioral effects in 6-OHDA rats were lower than those in sham rats, and the duration of action of the antagonists on the firing rate of the neurons and release of the neurotransmitters was prolonged in 6-OHDA rats. Altogether, these findings suggest that pre- and post-synaptic GABAB receptors in the avBNST are implicated in PD-related anxiety-like behaviors, and degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway enhances functions and/or upregulates expression of these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruotong Li
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Yaxin Yang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Guoyi Tang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Shasha Gao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, China.
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Mir HD, Yang Q, Maximin E, Montardy Q, Ji S, Cheng Q, Shan X, Wang L, Naudon L, Rabot S, Li L. Indole induces anxiety-like behaviour in mice mediated by brainstem locus coeruleus activation. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 200:106606. [PMID: 39019292 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota produces metabolites that enrich the host metabolome and play a part in host physiology, including brain functions. Yet the biological mediators of this gut-brain signal transduction remain largely unknown. In this study, the possible role of the gut microbiota metabolite indole, originating from tryptophan, was investigated. Oral administration of indole to simulate microbial overproduction of this compound in the gut consistently led to impaired locomotion and anxiety-like behaviour in both C3H/HeN and C57BL/6J mice. By employing c-Fos protein expression mapping in mice, we observed a noticeable increase in brain activation within the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (DMX) and the locus coeruleus (LC) regions in a dose-dependent manner. Further immune co-labelling experiments elucidated that the primary cells activated within the LC were tyrosine hydroxylase positive. To delve deeper into the mechanistic aspects, we conducted chemogenetic activation experiments on LC norepinephrine neurons with two doses of clozapine N-oxide (CNO). Low dose of CNO at 0.5 mg/kg induced no change in locomotion but anxiety-like behaviour, while high dose of CNO at 2 mg/kg resulted in locomotion impairment and anxiety-like behaviour. These findings support the neuroactive roles of indole in mediating gut-brain communication. It also highlights the LC as a novel hub in the gut-brain axis, encouraging further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayatte-Dounia Mir
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Qingning Yang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Elise Maximin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Quentin Montardy
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuqin Ji
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Cheng
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaochun Shan
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China
| | - Laurent Naudon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Lei Li
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Behaviour, CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Connectome and Manipulation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.
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6
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Bonorino KC, Iria Kraus S, Henrique Cardoso Martins G, Jorge Probst J, Petry Moeke DM, Henrique Dos Santos Sumar A, Reis Casal Y, Rodolfo Moreira Borges Oliveira F, Sordi R, Assreuy J, Duarte da Silva M, de Camargo Hizume Kunzler D. Lung-brain crosstalk: Behavioral disorders and neuroinflammation in septic survivor mice. Brain Behav Immun Health 2024; 40:100823. [PMID: 39252983 PMCID: PMC11381903 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Although studies have suggested an association between lung infections and increased risk of neuronal disorders (e.g., dementia, cognitive impairment, and depressive and anxious behaviors), its mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, an experimental mice model of pulmonary sepsis was developed to investigate the relationship between lung and brain inflammation. Male Swiss mice were randomly assigned to either pneumosepsis or control groups. Pneumosepsis was induced by intratracheal instillation of Klebsiella pneumoniae, while the control group received a buffer solution. The model's validation included assessing systemic markers, as well as tissue vascular permeability. Depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and cognitive function were assessed for 30 days in sepsis survivor mice, inflammatory profiles, including cytokine levels (lungs, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex) and microglial activation (hippocampus), were examined. Pulmonary sepsis damaged distal organs, caused peripheral inflammation, and increased vascular permeability in the lung and brain, impairing the blood-brain barrier and resulting in bacterial dissemination. After sepsis induction, we observed an increase in myeloperoxidase activity in the lungs (up to seven days) and prefrontal cortex (up to 24 h), proinflammatory cytokines in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and percentage of areas with cells positive for ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 (IBA-1) in the hippocampus. Also, depression- and anxiety-like behaviors and changes in short-term memory were observed even 30 days after sepsis induction, suggesting a crosstalk between inflammatory responses of lungs and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jéssica Jorge Probst
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Postgraduate Program in Biochemistry, Brazil
| | | | | | - Yuri Reis Casal
- Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, Medical School Hospital of the São Paulo University, Brazil
| | | | - Regina Sordi
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jamil Assreuy
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Luna-Munguia H, Gasca-Martinez D, Garay-Cortes A, Coutiño D, Regalado M, de Los Rios E, Villaseñor P, Hidalgo-Flores F, Flores-Guapo K, Benito BY, Concha L. Selective Medial Septum Lesions in Healthy Rats Induce Longitudinal Changes in Microstructure of Limbic Regions, Behavioral Alterations, and Increased Susceptibility to Status Epilepticus. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:1-21. [PMID: 38443731 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04069-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Septo-hippocampal pathway, crucial for physiological functions and involved in epilepsy. Clinical monitoring during epileptogenesis is complicated. We aim to evaluate tissue changes after lesioning the medial septum (MS) of normal rats and assess how the depletion of specific neuronal populations alters the animals' behavior and susceptibility to establishing a pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were injected into the MS with vehicle or saporins (to deplete GABAergic or cholinergic neurons; n = 16 per group). Thirty-two animals were used for diffusion tensor imaging (DTI); scanned before surgery and 14 and 49 days post-injection. Fractional anisotropy and apparent diffusion coefficient were evaluated in the fimbria, dorsal hippocampus, ventral hippocampus, dorso-medial thalamus, and amygdala. Between scans 2 and 3, animals were submitted to diverse behavioral tasks. Stainings were used to analyze tissue alterations. Twenty-four different animals received pilocarpine to evaluate the latency and severity of the status epilepticus 2 weeks after surgery. Additionally, eight different animals were only used to evaluate the neuronal damage inflicted on the MS 1 week after the molecular surgery. Progressive changes in DTI parameters in both white and gray matter structures of the four evaluated groups were observed. Behaviorally, the GAT1-saporin injection impacted spatial memory formation, while 192-IgG-saporin triggered anxiety-like behaviors. Histologically, the GABAergic toxin also induced aberrant mossy fiber sprouting, tissue damage, and neuronal death. Regarding the pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus, this agent provoked an increased mortality rate. Selective septo-hippocampal modulation impacts the integrity of limbic regions crucial for certain behavioral skills and could represent a precursor for epilepsy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiram Luna-Munguia
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico.
| | - Deisy Gasca-Martinez
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
- Unidad de Analisis Conductual, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Garay-Cortes
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Daniela Coutiño
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Mirelta Regalado
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Ericka de Los Rios
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
- Unidad de Microscopia, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Paulina Villaseñor
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Fernando Hidalgo-Flores
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Karen Flores-Guapo
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Brandon Yair Benito
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
| | - Luis Concha
- Departamento de Neurobiologia Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, 76230, Queretaro, Mexico
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8
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Shuang L, Liu G, Huang Y, Xie T, Lin H, Liu R, Xue J, Huang Z, Jiang L. Genistein-3'-sodium sulfonate enhances neurological function in neonatal rats with hypoxia-ischemia during the recovery period. Heliyon 2024; 10:e37696. [PMID: 39323827 PMCID: PMC11422614 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e37696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) can cause neonatal brain damage leading to disability. Patients with HI experience long-term neurological issues impacting quality of life. Limited clinical treatments are available despite extensive research on HI's molecular mechanisms. Genistein-3'-sodium sulfonate (GSS), a phytoestrogen, has been found to improve acute brain injury in neonatal rats caused by hypoxic-ischemia, but its potential for chronic stage neurological recovery in HI is unknown. HI neonatal rats were treated with 1 mg/kg GSS once a day for 21 days. Then, a series of behavioral experiments was performed to evaluate the learning, memory, cognition, anxiety level and depression-like behaviors of the rats. GSS treatment reduced neuronal loss, enhanced learning, memory and cognitive function while also alleviated anxiety and depression-like behaviors in HI rats during the recovery period. These findings indicated that GSS exerted enhance neurological function in HI rats during the chronic stage, prompting further research on how it works to potentially develop new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Shuang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Gaigai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Huijie Lin
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Ruizhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jinhua Xue
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Lixia Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Neuroinflammation Research, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
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9
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Ribeiro de Novais Júnior L, Vicente da Silva T, da Silva LM, Metzker de Andrade F, da Silva AR, Meneguzzo V, de Souza Ramos S, Michielin Lopes C, Bernardo Saturnino A, Inserra A, de Bitencourt RM. Repeated Administration of a Full-Spectrum Cannabidiol Product, Not a Cannabidiol Isolate, Reverses the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior and Hypolocomotion in a Rat Model of Low-Grade Subchronic Inflammation. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2024. [PMID: 39347620 DOI: 10.1089/can.2024.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Mounting evidence suggests that the phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) holds promise as an antidepressant agent in conditions underlined by inflammation. Full-spectrum CBD extracts might provide greater behavioral efficacy than CBD-only isolates and might require lower doses to achieve the same outcomes due to the presence of other cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. However, investigations in this area remain limited. Methods: We evaluated the behavioral response to the administration for 7 days of 15 and 30 mg/kg of a CBD isolate and a full-spectrum CBD product in a rat model of subchronic lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.5 mg/kg/day/7 days, intraperitoneal)-induced depressive-like and sickness behavior. The forced swim test was used to assess depressive-like behavior, the open field test (OFT) to assess locomotion, and the elevated plus maze to assess anxiety-like behavior. Results: The full-spectrum CBD extract at both doses, but not the CBD isolate, reversed the LPS-induced depressive-like behavior in the forced swim test. Moreover, the full-spectrum CBD extract at the higher dose but not the CBD isolate restored the subchronic LPS-induced hypolocomotion in the OFT. Repeated administration of both formulations elicited an anxiogenic-like trend in the elevated plus maze. Conclusion: Full-spectrum CBD products might have greater therapeutic efficacy in resolving inflammation-induced depressive and sickness behavior compared to a CBD-only isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tiago Vicente da Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Mendes da Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Alisson Reuel da Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Vicente Meneguzzo
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Suelen de Souza Ramos
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cyntia Michielin Lopes
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Artur Bernardo Saturnino
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Antonio Inserra
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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10
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Fisher EL, Smith R, Conn K, Corcoran AW, Milton LK, Hohwy J, Foldi CJ. Psilocybin increases optimistic engagement over time: computational modelling of behaviour in rats. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:394. [PMID: 39349428 PMCID: PMC11442808 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-03103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2024] [Revised: 09/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/19/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Psilocybin has shown promise as a novel pharmacological intervention for treatment of depression, where post-acute effects of psilocybin treatment have been associated with increased positive mood and decreased pessimism. Although psilocybin is proving to be effective in clinical trials for treatment of psychiatric disorders, the information processing mechanisms affected by psilocybin are not well understood. Here, we fit active inference and reinforcement learning computational models to a novel two-armed bandit reversal learning task capable of capturing engagement behaviour in rats. The model revealed that after receiving psilocybin, rats achieve more rewards through increased task engagement, mediated by modification of forgetting rates and reduced loss aversion. These findings suggest that psilocybin may afford an optimism bias that arises through altered belief updating, with translational potential for clinical populations characterised by lack of optimism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L Fisher
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Ryan Smith
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, University of Tulsa, Tulsa Oklahoma, OK, USA
| | - Kyna Conn
- Anorexia and Feeding Disorders Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew W Corcoran
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura K Milton
- Anorexia and Feeding Disorders Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jakob Hohwy
- Monash Centre for Consciousness and Contemplative Studies, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Claire J Foldi
- Anorexia and Feeding Disorders Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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11
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Werle I, Bertoglio LJ. Psychedelics: A review of their effects on recalled aversive memories and fear/anxiety expression in rodents. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 167:105899. [PMID: 39305969 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Threatening events and stressful experiences can lead to maladaptive memories and related behaviors. Existing treatments often fail to address these issues linked to anxiety/stress-related disorders effectively. This review identifies dose ranges associated with specific actions across various psychedelics. We examined psilocybin/psilocin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), mescaline, 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT), serotonin 2 A/2 C agonists (e.g., DOI) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) on aversive memory extinction and reconsolidation, learned fear, anxiety, and locomotion in rodents. Nearly 400 studies published since 1957 were reviewed. Psychedelics often show biphasic effects on locomotion at doses that enhance extinction learning/retention, impair memory reconsolidation, or reduce learned fear and anxiety. Emerging evidence suggests a dissociation between their prospective benefits and locomotor effects. Under-explored aspects include sex differences, susceptibility to interference as memories age and generalize, repeated treatments, and immediate vs. delayed changes. Validating findings in traumatic-like memory and maladaptive fear/anxiety models is essential. Understanding how psychedelics modulate threat responses and post-retrieval memory processes in rodents may inform drug development and human studies, improving therapeutic approaches for related psychiatric conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Werle
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Leandro J Bertoglio
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
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12
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Teixeira-Silva B, de Mattos GVRM, Carvalho VDF, Campello-Costa P. Caffeine intake during lactation has a sex-dependent effect on the hippocampal excitatory/inhibitory balance and pups' behavior. Brain Res 2024; 1846:149247. [PMID: 39304106 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
During early life, disruptions in glutamatergic and GABAergic synapse development in the hippocampus may contribute to several neurodevelopmental disorders, including cognitive deficits and psychiatric disorders. Caffeine is the most consumed psychoactive drug in the world, and previous work from our group has shown that caffeine disrupts visual system connections at different stages of development. This work aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine consumption during lactation in the glutamatergic and GABAergic synaptic markers in the hippocampus and on the behavior of rat offspring. We found that maternal caffeine intake significantly reduced GluN1 subunits of the NMDA receptor, increased the GluA1/GluA2 ratio of AMPA receptor in the dorsal hippocampus, and decreased GAD content in female pups' ventral hippocampus. On the other hand, an increase in GluN1/GluN2b subunits, a decrease in GAD content in the dorsal hippocampus, and a reduction of the GluA1 content in the ventral hippocampus were observed in male pups. In addition, changes in the behavior of the offspring submitted to indirect caffeine consumption were also sex-dependent, with females developing anxiety-like behavior and males showing anxiety-like behavior and hyper-locomotion. These results highlight that maternal caffeine intake promotes changes in the hippocampal excitatory and inhibitory balance and offspring behavior in a sex-dependent manner, suggesting that the population should be alerted to reduced caffeine consumption by breastfeeding mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Teixeira-Silva
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius de Frias Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Laboratório de Inflamação, Centro de Pesquisa, Inovação e Vigilância em Covid-19 e Emergências Sanitárias, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, n° 4036, Manguinhos, CEP 21041-361 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Neuroimunomodulação (INCT-NIM), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Av. Brasil, n° 4365, Manguinhos, CEP 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Campello-Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Neurociências, Departamento de Neurobiologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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13
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Arboit F, Pereira GC, Fialho MFP, Becker G, Brum EDS, Pillat MM, Bochi GV, Portela LOC, Zanchet EM. Dual Approach to Depression: The Combined Efficacy of Intermittent Hypoxia and Fluoxetine in Modulating Behavioral and Inflammatory Responses. Biomedicines 2024; 12:2116. [PMID: 39335629 PMCID: PMC11430548 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12092116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Mental disorders pose a significant public health challenge, affecting millions worldwide. Given the limitations of current therapies, many patients experience inadequate responses and adverse effects. Intermittent hypoxia (IH) has demonstrated anxiolytic, antidepressant, and neuroprotective properties in various protocols. This study investigated the effects of acute IH (13% O2, 1 h), fluoxetine (FLX) and their combination on depression-like behavior, serum corticosterone, and inflammatory cytokine levels induced by acute restraint stress in C57BL/6 female mice. Methods: Behavioral assessments included the tail suspension test, forced swim test, and open field test. Results: The combined IH + FLX treatment exhibited a synergistic effect, reducing immobility time and increasing latency time, respectively, in the tail suspension test (46%, p = 0.0014; 73%, p = 0.0033) and forced swim test (56%, p = 0.0082; 48%, p = 0.0322) compared to the ARS group. Biochemical analysis revealed that individual and combined treatments significantly reduced most inflammatory interleukins by up to 96%. Corticosterone levels were reduced by 30% only in the IH group. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential of a one-hour IH session, particularly when combined with fluoxetine, to alleviate depressive-like behaviors and exert anti-inflammatory effects, suggesting a promising therapeutic approach for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francini Arboit
- Center of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (F.A.); (G.C.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.V.B.)
| | - Gabriele Cheiran Pereira
- Center of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (F.A.); (G.C.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.V.B.)
| | - Maria Fernanda Pessano Fialho
- Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (M.F.P.F.); (G.B.); (E.d.S.B.)
| | - Gabriela Becker
- Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (M.F.P.F.); (G.B.); (E.d.S.B.)
| | - Evelyne da Silva Brum
- Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Toxicology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (M.F.P.F.); (G.B.); (E.d.S.B.)
| | - Micheli Mainardi Pillat
- Center of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (F.A.); (G.C.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.V.B.)
| | - Guilherme Vargas Bochi
- Center of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (F.A.); (G.C.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.V.B.)
- Center of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Osório Cruz Portela
- Center of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil;
| | - Eliane Maria Zanchet
- Center of Health Sciences, Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil; (F.A.); (G.C.P.); (M.M.P.); (G.V.B.)
- Center of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
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14
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Fricker BA, Jiang J, Esquilin-Rodriguez CJ, Dowling ML, Kelly AM. Hypothalamic vasopressin neural densities are higher in male Mongolian gerbils after separation from a pair bond partner and may facilitate behavior to form a new bond. Behav Brain Res 2024; 473:115181. [PMID: 39117148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Although pair bonding has been studied for several decades, only somewhat recently have researchers began studying the neural consequences of separation from a pair bond partner. Here we examined the impact of partner separation on the socially monogamous Mongolian gerbil. Using a within-subjects design, we assessed nonsocial, nonreproductive, and reproductive behavior in male gerbils pre- and post- either 4 weeks of cohabitation with or separation from a pair bond partner. We then conducted an immediate early gene study to examine the influence of partner separation on hypothalamic oxytocin and vasopressin neural responses to interactions with a novel, opposite-sex conspecific.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Fricker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - M L Dowling
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A M Kelly
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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15
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Fernández-Peña C, Pace RL, Fernando LM, Pittman BG, Schwarz LA. Adrenergic C1 neurons enhance anxiety via projections to PAG. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.09.11.612440. [PMID: 39314285 PMCID: PMC11419123 DOI: 10.1101/2024.09.11.612440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety is an emotional state precipitated by the anticipation of real or potential threats. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychiatric illnesses globally and increase the risk of developing comorbid conditions that negatively impact the brain and body. The etiology of anxiety disorders remains unresolved, limiting improvement of therapeutic strategies to alleviate anxiety-related symptoms with increased specificity and efficacy. Here, we applied novel intersectional tools to identify a discrete population of brainstem adrenergic neurons, named C1 cells, that promote aversion and anxiety-related behaviors via projections to the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG). While C1 cells have traditionally been implicated in modulation of autonomic processes, rabies tracing revealed that they receive input from brain areas with diverse functions. Calcium-based in vivo imaging showed that activation of C1 cells enhances excitatory responses in vlPAG, activity that is exacerbated in times of heightened stress. Furthermore, inhibition of C1 cells impedes the development of anxiety-like behaviors in response to stressful situations. Overall, these findings suggest that C1 neurons are positioned to integrate complex information from the brain and periphery for the promotion of anxiety-like behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernández-Peña
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
| | - Rachel L Pace
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
| | - Lourds M Fernando
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
| | - Brittany G Pittman
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
| | - Lindsay A Schwarz
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, 38105
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16
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Ren L, Fan Y, Wu W, Qian Y, He M, Li X, Wang Y, Yang Y, Wen X, Zhang R, Li C, Chen X, Hu J. Anxiety disorders: Treatments, models, and circuitry mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 983:176994. [PMID: 39271040 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 09/05/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are one of the most prevalent mental health conditions worldwide, imposing a significant burden on individuals affected by them and society in general. Current research endeavors aim to enhance the effectiveness of existing anxiolytic drugs and reduce their side effects through optimization or the development of new treatments. Several anxiolytic novel drugs have been produced as a result of discovery-focused research. However, many drug candidates that show promise in preclinical rodent model studies fail to offer any substantive clinical benefits to patients. This review provides an overview of the diagnosis and classification of anxiety disorders together with a systematic review of anxiolytic drugs with a focus on their targets, therapeutic applications, and side effects. It also provides a concise overview of the constraints and disadvantages associated with frequently administered anxiolytic drugs. Additionally, the study comprehensively reviews animal models used in anxiety studies and their associated molecular mechanisms, while also summarizing the brain circuitry related to anxiety. In conclusion, this article provides a valuable foundation for future anxiolytic drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ren
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yue Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wenjian Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuanxin Qian
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Miao He
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xinlong Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yizhu Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yu Yang
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xuetong Wen
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ruijia Zhang
- Acupuncture and Massage College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chenhang Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Jingqing Hu
- Institute of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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17
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Liu L, Hu Y, Shan Q, Li P, Ma T, Wang Y. VGLUT2 may improve cognitive function in depressed rats by protecting prefrontal cortex neurons. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1453161. [PMID: 39301432 PMCID: PMC11410701 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1453161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Depression may be accompanied by cognitive impairment, but its pathogenesis remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the protective effects of fluoxetine on behavioral performance and prefrontal cortex neuronal damage in rats with depression-associated cognitive impairment, based on the observation of VGLUT2 protein expression. Methods Forty-five SPF-grade male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 15): normal control group (CON), depression group (DD), and fluoxetine group (DD + F). The CON group was reared normally, while the DD and DD + F groups underwent chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) combined with social isolation to induce a depression-related cognitive dysfunction model. After modeling, the DD + F group was treated with fluoxetine (10 mg/kg, ig) for 14 days. Behavioral tests were performed to assess changes in mood, cognition, learning, and social abilities. Histopathological observations were made to examine pathological changes, neuronal apoptosis, ultrastructure, and dendritic spine density in the prefrontal cortex. The concentration, relative expression level, and mRNA expression of VGLUT2 protein were also measured. Finally, a correlation analysis was performed between the relative expression level and mRNA expression of VGLUT2 protein and the pathological changes in neurons. Results Compared to the CON group, the DD group exhibited decreased body weight, anhedonia, increased behavioral despair, reduced locomotor activity and spontaneous exploratory behavior, impaired spatial learning and memory, and decreased social interaction and social cognitive ability. Pathological damage was observed in the prefrontal cortex, with neuronal apoptosis, ultrastructural damage, and reduced neuroplasticity. The concentration, relative expression, and mRNA expression levels of VGLUT2 protein were decreased. Following fluoxetine intervention, the above behavioral phenotypes improved; pathological damage showed varying degrees of recovery; and the concentration, relative expression, and mRNA expression levels of VGLUT2 protein increased. Finally, there was a significant correlation between VGLUT2 protein expression and pathological changes in the prefrontal cortex. Conclusion After 28 days of CUMS combined with isolation rearing, rats exhibited impairments in mood, cognition, learning, and social abilities, with neuronal damage and decreased VGLUT2 protein levels in the prefrontal cortex. Following fluoxetine intervention, VGLUT2 protein expression increased, neuronal repair in the prefrontal cortex occurred, depressive-like behavior improved, and cognitive learning and social abilities were restored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongxue Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qing Shan
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Peifan Li
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tianpei Ma
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yiming Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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18
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Squire E, Lee HL, Jeong W, Lee S, Ravichandiran V, Limoli CL, Piomelli D, Parihar VK, Jung KM. Targeting dysfunctional endocannabinoid signaling in a mouse model of Gulf War illness. Neuropharmacology 2024; 261:110142. [PMID: 39241906 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic disorder characterized by a heterogeneous set of symptoms that include pain, fatigue, anxiety, and cognitive impairment. These are thought to stem from damage caused by exposure under unpredictable stress to toxic Gulf War (GW) chemicals, which include pesticides, nerve agents, and prophylactic drugs. We hypothesized that GWI pathogenesis might be rooted in long-lasting disruption of the endocannabinoid (ECB) system, a signaling complex that serves important protective functions in the brain. Using a mouse model of GWI, we found that tissue levels of the ECB messenger, anandamide, were significantly reduced in the brain of diseased mice, compared to healthy controls. In addition, transcription of the Faah gene, which encodes for fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), the enzyme that deactivates anandamide, was significant elevated in prefrontal cortex of GWI mice and brain microglia. Behavioral deficits exhibited by these animals, including heightened anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors, and defective extinction of fearful memories, were corrected by administration of the FAAH inhibitor, URB597, which normalized brain anandamide levels. Furthermore, GWI mice displayed unexpected changes in the microglial transcriptome, implying persistent dampening of homeostatic surveillance genes and abnormal expression of pro-inflammatory genes upon immune stimulation. Together, these results suggest that exposure to GW chemicals produce a deficit in brain ECB signaling which is associated with persistent alterations in microglial function. Pharmacological normalization of anandamide-mediated ECB signaling may offer an effective therapeutic strategy for ameliorating GWI symptomology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Squire
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Hye-Lim Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Woojin Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Sumin Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - V Ravichandiran
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India
| | - Charles L Limoli
- Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Daniele Piomelli
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Vipan Kumar Parihar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, Bihar, 844102, India; Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | - Kwang-Mook Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Richards BK, Ch'ng SS, Simon AB, Pang TY, Kim JH, Lawrence AJ, Perry CJ. Relaxin family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3) expressing cells in the zona incerta/lateral hypothalamus augment behavioural arousal. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 39233365 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
Fear-related psychopathologies, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, are linked to dysfunction in neural circuits that govern fear memory and arousal. The lateral hypothalamus (LH) and zona incerta (ZI) regulate fear, but our understanding of the precise neural circuits and cell types involved remains limited. Here, we examined the role of relaxin family peptide receptor 3 (RXFP3) expressing cells in the LH/ZI in conditioned fear expression and general arousal in male RXFP3-Cre mice. We found that LH/ZI RXFP3+ (LH/ZIRXFP3) cells projected strongly to fear learning, stress, and arousal centres, notably, the periaqueductal grey, lateral habenula, and nucleus reuniens. These cells do not express hypocretin/orexin or melanin-concentrating hormone but display putative efferent connectivity with LH hypocretin/orexin+ neurons and dopaminergic A13 cells. Following Pavlovian fear conditioning, chemogenetically activating LH/ZIRXFP3 cells reduced fear expression (freezing) overall but also induced jumping behaviour and increased locomotor activity. Therefore, the decreased freezing was more likely to reflect enhanced arousal rather than reduced fear. Indeed, stimulating these cells produced distinct patterns of coactivation between several motor, stress, and arousal regions, as measured by Fos expression. These results suggest that activating LH/ZIRXFP3 cells generates brain-wide activation patterns that augment behavioural arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon K Richards
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah S Ch'ng
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ariel B Simon
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence Y Pang
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Institute of Health and Sports (IHES), Victoria University, Footscray, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jee Hyun Kim
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- IMPACT-The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lawrence
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Christina J Perry
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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20
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Pereira LTG, Vilela WR, Bellozi PMQ, Engel DF, de Paula GC, de Andrade RR, Mortari MR, de Melo Teixeira M, Coleine C, Figueiredo CP, de Bem AF, Amato AA. Fecal microbiota transplantation ameliorates high-fat diet-induced memory impairment in mice. J Neurochem 2024; 168:2893-2907. [PMID: 38934224 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Gut dysbiosis is linked to metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases and comprises a plausible link between high-fat diet (HFD) and brain dysfunction. Here we show that gut microbiota modulation by either antibiotic treatment for 5 weeks or a brief 3-day fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) regimen from low-fat (control) diet-fed mice decreased weight gain, adipose tissue hypertrophy, and glucose intolerance induced by HFD in C57BL/6 male mice. Notably, gut microbiota modulation by FMT completely reversed impaired recognition memory induced by HFD, whereas modulation by antibiotics had less pronounced effect. Improvement in recognition memory by FMT was accompanied by decreased HFD-induced astrogliosis in the hippocampal cornu ammonis region. Gut microbiome composition analysis indicated that HFD diminished microbiota diversity compared to control diet, whereas FMT partially restored the phyla diversity. Our findings reinforce the role of the gut microbiota on HFD-induced cognitive impairment and suggest that modulating the gut microbiota may be an effective strategy to prevent metabolic and cognitive dysfunction associated with unfavorable dietary patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wembley Rodrigues Vilela
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Paula Maria Quaglio Bellozi
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Daiane Fátima Engel
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Márcia Renata Mortari
- Laboratory of Neuropharmacology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Biology Institute, University of Brasilia, Federal District, Brazil
| | | | - Claudia Coleine
- Department of Ecological and Biological Sciences, University of Tuscia, Viterbo, Italy
| | - Cláudia Pinto Figueiredo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andreza Fabro de Bem
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
- Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Angélica Amorim Amato
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
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21
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Ryoke R, Hashimoto T, Kawashima R. Multiple Stressors Induce Amygdalohippocampal Volume Reduction in Adult Male Rats as Detected by Longitudinal Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2024; 4:100334. [PMID: 38974933 PMCID: PMC11225185 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Traumatic events can cause long-lasting and uncontrollable fear and anxiety. Posttraumatic stress disorder is an intractable mental disorder, and neurobiological mechanisms using animal models are expected to help development of posttraumatic stress disorder treatment. In this study, we combined multiple stress (MS) and longitudinal in vivo magnetic resonance imaging to reveal the effects of long-lasting anxiety-like behaviors on adult male rat brains. Methods Twelve male Wistar rats (8 weeks old) were exposed to the MS of 1-mA footshocks and forced swimming, while 12 control rats were placed in a plastic cage. Contextual fear conditioning with 0.1-mA footshocks in a context different from the MS was conducted 15 days after the MS for both groups. Three retention tests were administered after 24 hours and 9 and 16 days. Two magnetic resonance imaging scans were conducted, one on the day before MS induction and one the day after the third retention test, with a 32-day interval. Results The MS group showed greater freezing responses than the control group in all retention tests. Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry analyses revealed reduced gray matter volume in the anterior amygdalohippocampal area in MS group rats compared with control rats. These volume changes were negatively associated with freezing time in the third retention test in the MS group. Conclusions These results suggest that individual variability in the amygdalohippocampal area may be related to long-lasting fear responses after severe stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rie Ryoke
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Teruo Hashimoto
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ryuta Kawashima
- Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
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22
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Hsu S, Huang H, Liao C, Huang H, Shih Y, Chen J, Wu H, Kuo T, Fu R, Tsai C. Induction of Phosphorylated Tau Accumulation and Memory Impairment by Bisphenol A and the Protective Effects of Carnosic Acid in In Vitro and In Vivo. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:6148-6160. [PMID: 38280110 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a component of polycarbonate plastics that has been implicated in memory impairment. The present study investigated the effect of carnosic acid (CA) on memory deficit induced by BPA and the role of Akt in this mechanism. First, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 20 nM BPA and 1 μM CA for 12 h. The results showed that treatment of CA with BPA improved the alternation of IRS-1/Akt/GSK-3β as well as the induction of ApoE and Ser396p-tau. Moreover, treatment of CA with BPA restored the signaling involved in long-term potentiation (LTP) effect, leading to induction of synaptic-related proteins, such as PSD-95, synapsin1a, and pro-BDNF. Wortmannin treatment alleviated the reversal by CA. Then, C57BL/6 J male mice were orally administered with CA to test the memory function in BPA treatment. The results showed that CA and RE can improve BPA-induced impairment of motor, recognition, and spatial memory by using open-field test (OFT), novel objective recognition test (NOR), and Y-maze test, respectively. Moreover, CA and RE improved the phosphorylation of tau and the reduction of PSD-95, synapsin1a, and pro-BDNF proteins induced by BPA. Therefore, the results indicated that CA decreased the phosphorylated tau and memory impairment induced by BPA through Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoi Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Huichi Huang
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Science and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chunhuei Liao
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiyun Huang
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yachen Shih
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jingwei Chen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hanting Wu
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzuyu Kuo
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ruhuei Fu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Translational Medicine Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiawen Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
- Neuroscience and Brain Disease Center, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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23
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Yang L, Lin W, Yan X, Zhang Z. Comparative effects of lifelong moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training on blood lipid levels and mental well-being in naturally ageing mice. Exp Gerontol 2024; 194:112519. [PMID: 38992822 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the impact of lifelong exercise, including both moderate-intensity continuous training and high-intensity interval training, on blood lipid levels and mental behaviour in naturally ageing mice to identify effective exercise strategies for ageing-related health issues. METHODS Six-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to one of four groups: young control (YC), natural ageing control (OC), lifelong moderate-intensity continuous exercise (EM), and lifelong high-intensity interval exercise (EH) groups. The EM group was trained at a speed corresponding to 70 % of the maximum running speed, while the EH group was trained at a running speed alternating between 50 % of the maximum running speed, 70 % of the maximum running speed, and 90 % of the maximum running speed. All exercise sessions were conducted three times per week, with each session lasting 50 min. Behavioural tests and blood sample collection were conducted at 72 weeks of age. RESULTS Ageing in mice led to changes in muscle and fat mass. Both the EM and EH groups showed greater muscle mass and lower fat mass than did the OC group. Ageing was associated with elevated anxiety (fewer open arm entries, time spent in the central region) and depression (lower sucrose preference) indicators. However, these changes were reversed in both exercise groups, with no differences between the two exercise groups. Blood lipid levels, including total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TGs), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and free fatty acid (FFA) levels, were greater in the OC group than in the YC group. Additionally, the OC group exhibited lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels. However, both the EM and EH groups exhibited improved lipid profiles compared to those of the YC group. CONCLUSION Lifelong exercise, whether moderate-intensity continuous or high-intensity interval training, can preserve body health during ageing, prevent anxiety and depression, and maintain stable blood lipid levels. Both exercise types are equally effective, suggesting that exercise intensity may not be the critical factor underlying these beneficial adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Yang
- School of Physical Education, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512000, Guangdong, China; Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Wentao Lin
- School of Physical Education and Health, Zhuhai College of Science and Technology, Zhuhai 519090, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Yan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Zhishang Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, China.
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24
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Alves CDO, Waku I, Chiossi JN, de Oliveira AR. Dopamine D2-like receptors on conditioned and unconditioned fear: A systematic review of rodent pharmacological studies. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111080. [PMID: 38950840 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports dopamine's role in aversive states, yet systematic reviews focusing on dopamine receptors in defensive behaviors are lacking. This study presents a systematic review of the literature examining the influence of drugs acting on dopamine D2-like receptors on unconditioned and conditioned fear in rodents. The review reveals a predominant use of adult male rats in the studies, with limited inclusion of female rodents. Commonly employed tests include the elevated plus maze and auditory-cued fear conditioning. The findings indicate that systemic administration of D2-like drugs has a notable impact on both innate and learned aversive states. Generally, antagonists tend to increase unconditioned fear, while agonists decrease it. Moreover, both agonists and antagonists typically reduce conditioned fear. These effects are attributed to the involvement of distinct neural circuits in these states. The observed increase in unconditioned fear induced by D2-like antagonists aligns with dopamine's role in suppressing midbrain-mediated responses. Conversely, the reduction in conditioned fear is likely a result of blocking dopamine activity in the mesolimbic pathway. The study highlights the need for future research to delve into sex differences, explore alternative testing paradigms, and identify specific neural substrates. Such investigations have the potential to advance our understanding of the neurobiology of aversive states and enhance the therapeutic application of dopaminergic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Oliveira Alves
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Isabelle Waku
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Joyce Nonato Chiossi
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Amanda Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, Brazil; Institute of Neuroscience and Behavior (INeC), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.
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25
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de Lima RMS, da Mata MJ, Santos JCPD, Costa L, Marques VHM, Bento LVDS, Lugon MDMV, Arcego DM, Barauna VG, Bittencourt AS, Bittencourt APSDV. Exploring the role of environmental enrichment and early life adversity on emotional development. Behav Brain Res 2024; 472:115147. [PMID: 39029628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Early life adversity has been linked with a higher probability of developing behavioral impairments and environmental manipulation is a strategy that may reduce the negative effects of exposure to adversity in early life. Here, we focused on exploring the influence of environmental enrichment (EE) as a protective factor in the context of early life adversity. We hypothesized that 24 hours of maternal deprivation (MD), in the second week of life, could induce anxiety-like behavior alterations and that exposure to EE could induce resilience to these behaviors due to alterations in the serotonergic system. Male Wistar rats were exposed to MD, on postnatal days 11 and 13, and to EE, after weaning. In adulthood, we performed a series of behavioral tests for fear, anxiety, and locomotor activity. We also measured the levels of serotonin in the amygdala and dorsal raphe nucleus. Our results revealed that MD does not impact fear behavior or the levels of serotonin, while EE decreases locomotor activity in a novel environment and enhances exploration in the predator odor test. EE also decreases serotonin in the amygdala and increases its turnover rate levels. Our findings provide insights into the critical timeframe during which stress exposure impacts the development and confirm that exposure to EE has an independent and protective effect for anxiety-like behaviors later in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randriely Merscher Sobreira de Lima
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil.
| | - Martielo Januario da Mata
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Josefa Cristina Pereira Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ludhielle Costa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Moreira Marques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Victor Dos Santos Bento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo di Marcello Valladão Lugon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Danusa Mar Arcego
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valério Garrone Barauna
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Athelson Stefanon Bittencourt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil; Departamento de Morfologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Santana de Vasconcellos Bittencourt
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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26
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Duck SA, Nazareth M, Fassinger A, Pinto C, Elmore G, Nugent M, St Pierre M, Vannucci SJ, Chavez-Valdez R. Blood glucose and β-hydroxybutyrate predict significant brain injury after hypoxia-ischemia in neonatal mice. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03461-4. [PMID: 39181984 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03461-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Vannucci procedure is widely used to model cerebral hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury in neonatal rodents. Identifying minimally invasive biomarkers linked to brain injury would improve stratification of pups to experimental treatments. We hypothesized that extreme blood glucose (BG) and β-hydroxybutyrate (bHB) levels immediately after HI will correlate with severity of brain injury in this model. METHODS C57BL6 mice of both sexes underwent the Vannucci procedure with BG and bHB measured immediately after hypoxia. GFAP and α-fodrin were measured to assess injury severity at 4h, P11, P18 and P40. Open field (OF), Y-maze (YM), and Object-location task (OLT) were tested at P40. RESULTS Clinical seizures-like stereotypies during hypoxia were associated with lower post-hypoxia BG in HI-injured mice. Low BG after HI was related to higher GFAP expression, higher α-fodrin breakdown, lower residual regional volume, and worse working memory. BG was superior to bHB in ROC analysis with BG threshold of <111 mg/dL providing 100% specificity with 72% sensitivity for hippocampal HI-injury. CONCLUSIONS Post-hypoxic BG is a minimally invasive screening tool to identify pups with significant HI brain injury in the Vannucci model modified for mice improving our ability to stratify pups to experimental treatments to assess effectiveness. IMPACT End hypoxic-ischemic blood glucose levels are a reliable and inexpensive biomarker to detect hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in mice. Screening with blood glucose levels post-hypoxia allows appropriate stratification of those mouse pups most likely to be injured to experimental treatments improving validity and translatability of the results. These findings provide biological plausibility to the clinical observation that extreme blood glucose levels relate to worse outcomes after hypoxia-ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ann Duck
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University - School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michelle Nazareth
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abigail Fassinger
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charles Pinto
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Genesis Elmore
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Michael Nugent
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University - School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mark St Pierre
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University - School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Susan J Vannucci
- Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Raul Chavez-Valdez
- Division of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University - School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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27
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Clarke JR, Bacelar TS, Fernandes GG, Silva RCD, Antonio LS, Queiroz M, de Souza RV, Valadão LF, Ribeiro GS, De Lima EV, Colodeti LC, Mangeth LC, Wiecikowski A, da Silva TN, Paula-Neto HA, da Costa R, Cordeiro Y, Passos GF, Figueiredo CP. Abatacept inhibits Th17 differentiation and mitigates α-synuclein-induced dopaminergic dysfunction in mice. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02618-1. [PMID: 39152331 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multifaceted disease characterized by degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, which results in motor and non-motor dysfunctions. Accumulation of α-synuclein (αSYN) in Lewy bodies is a key pathological feature of PD. Although the exact cause of PD remains unknown, accumulating evidence suggests that brain infiltration of T cells plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of disease, contributing to neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration. Here, we used a mouse model of brain-infused aggregated αSYN, which recapitulates motor and non-motor dysfunctions seen in PD patients. We found that αSYN-induced motor dysfunction in mice is accompanied by an increased number of brain-residing Th17 (IL17+ CD4+) cells, but not CD8+ T cells. To evaluate whether the modulation of T cell response could rescue αSYN-induced damage, we chronically treated animals with abatacept (8 mg/kg, sc, 3x per week), a selective T-cell co-stimulation modulator. We found that abatacept treatment decreased Th1 (IFNƔ+ CD4+) and Th17 (IL17+ CD4+) cells in the brain, rescued motor function and prevented dopaminergic neuronal loss in αSYN-infused mice. These results highlight the significance of effector CD4+ T cells, especially Th17, in the progression of PD and introduce novel possibilities for repurposing immunomodulatory drugs used for arthritis as PD-modifying therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia R Clarke
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Thiago Sa Bacelar
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Costa da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leticia S Antonio
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Queiroz
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata V de Souza
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Leticia F Valadão
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriel S Ribeiro
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Emanuelle V De Lima
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21944-590, Brazil
| | - Lilian C Colodeti
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana C Mangeth
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adalgisa Wiecikowski
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Talita N da Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Heitor A Paula-Neto
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Robson da Costa
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Yraima Cordeiro
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Giselle F Passos
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Claudia P Figueiredo
- School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Demyashkin G, Blinova E, Grigoryan M, Parshenkov M, Skovorodko P, Ius V, Lebed A, Shegay P, Kaprin A. Neuroprotective Effects of Myricetin on PTZ-Induced Seizures in Mice: Evaluation of Oxidation, Neuroinflammation and Metabolism, and Apoptosis in the Hippocampus. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:8914-8944. [PMID: 39194744 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46080527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is one of the most frequently diagnosed neurological diseases, but the neurobiological basis of the disease remains poorly understood. Immunophenotyping CBA mice brain (NeuN and caspase-8) in parallel with hippocampal neurons' functional status and survival rate assessment during acute epileptic PTZ-induced seizures is of particular interest. The aims of this study were to investigate the involvement of NeuN and caspase-8 in cell cycle regulation and the death of hippocampal neurons during PTZ-induced seizures in mice and to assess the therapeutic efficacy of Myricetin in the aforementioned experimental settings. Male CBA mice (n = 340) were divided into six groups to investigate the neuroprotective and antiepileptic effects of Myricetin and Valproic Acid in the PTZ-induced seizure model. Group I (control, n = 20) received a single intraperitoneal injection of NaCl 0.9% solution. Group II (PTZ only, n = 110) received a single intraperitoneal 45 mg/kg PTZ to induce seizures. Group III (Myricetin + PTZ, n = 90) was administered Myricetin orally at 200 mg/kg for 5 days, followed by a PTZ injection. Group IV (Valproic Acid + PTZ, n = 80) received intraperitoneal Valproic Acid at 100 mg/kg for 5 days, followed by PTZ. Group V (Myricetin + NaCl, n = 20) received Myricetin and NaCl. Group VI (Valproic Acid + NaCl, n = 20) received Valproic Acid and NaCl. Seizure severity was monitored using the modified Racine scale. Behavioral assessments included sensorimotor function tests, motor coordination using the rotarod test, and cognitive function via the Morris water maze. Brain tissues were collected and analyzed for oxidative stress markers, including malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione (GSH). Blood samples were analyzed for cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Histological studies involved H&E and Nissl staining to evaluate general histopathology and neuronal density. Immunohistochemical analysis was conducted using antibodies against NeuN and caspase-8 to assess neuronal cell cycle regulation and apoptosis. PTZ-induced seizures caused significant oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to neuronal damage. Biochemical analyses showed elevated levels of MDA, SOD, GSH, IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Histological and immunohistochemical evaluations revealed a significant increase in caspase-8-positive neurons and a decrease in NeuN-positive neurons in the hippocampus and other brain regions, correlating with seizure severity. Myricetin and Valproic Acid treatments reduced oxidative stress markers and neuronal damage. Both treatments resulted in moderate neuronal protection, with fewer damaged neurons observed in the hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and other brain areas compared to the PTZ-only group. Summarizing, Myricetin administration showed promising neuroprotective effects. It significantly reduced oxidative stress markers, including MDA, and restored antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD and GSH), suggesting its antioxidative potential. Myricetin also effectively attenuated the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, indicating strong anti-inflammatory properties. Behavioral assessments revealed that Myricetin improved cognitive and motor functions in PTZ-treated mice, with notable reductions in seizure severity and mortality rates. Histological analyses supported these behavioral findings, with Nissl staining showing reduced neuronal damage and NeuN staining indicating better preservation of neuronal integrity in Myricetin-treated groups. Additionally, caspase-8 staining suggested a significant reduction in neuronal apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grigory Demyashkin
- Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st., 8/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Digital Oncomorphology, National Medical Research Centre of Radiology, 2nd Botkinsky Pass., 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Blinova
- Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st., 8/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Migran Grigoryan
- Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st., 8/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail Parshenkov
- Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st., 8/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina Skovorodko
- Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st., 8/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Ius
- Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st., 8/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia Lebed
- Laboratory of Histology and Immunohistochemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Trubetskaya st., 8/2, 119048 Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr Shegay
- Department of Digital Oncomorphology, National Medical Research Centre of Radiology, 2nd Botkinsky Pass., 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrei Kaprin
- Department of Digital Oncomorphology, National Medical Research Centre of Radiology, 2nd Botkinsky Pass., 3, 125284 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Urology and Operative Nephrology, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya Str.6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
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de Oliveira Alves JV, da Rocha Barbosa BVD, da Silva Aguiar IF, Galvão LRL, Ferreira RJ, de Lima Maux JM, da Costa Silva Neto J, de Oliveira AM, Napoleão TH, Dos Santos Correia MT, Costa WK, da Silva MV. Fixed oil from the Caatinga palm Syagrus coronata with effect on Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced arthritis. Inflammopharmacology 2024:10.1007/s10787-024-01548-2. [PMID: 39126571 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
Syagrus coronata, a native palm tree in the Caatinga domain, produces fixed oil (ScFO) used therapeutically and dietary by Northeast Brazilian communities. This study evaluated its anti-inflammatory potential of CFA-induced arthritis and its effect on behavioral parameters. In the acute model, ScFO at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg showed edematogenic effects similar to indomethacin at 4 mg/kg (p > 0.05). In the arthritis model, 100 mg/kg ScFO treatment was comparable to indomethacin (4 mg/kg) (p > 0.05). TNF-α and IL-1β levels were significantly reduced in ScFO-treated groups at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, and the indomethacin group (4 mg/kg) versus the positive control (p > 0.05). Radiographs showed severe soft-tissue swelling and bone deformities in the control group, while the 100 mg/kg ScFO group had few alterations, similar to the indomethacin group. Histopathological analysis revealed intense lymphocytic infiltration in the control group, mild diffuse lymphocytic infiltration in the indomethacin group, and mild lymphoplasmacytic infiltration with focal polymorphonuclear infiltrates in the 100 mg/kg ScFO group. Behavioral analysis showed improved exploratory stimuli in ScFO and indomethacin-treated mice compared to the positive control (p > 0.05). ScFO demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in both acute and chronic arthritis models, reducing edema and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and improved exploratory behavior due to its analgesic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Julliano Matheus de Lima Maux
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Citológicas E Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Jacinto da Costa Silva Neto
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Citológicas E Moleculares, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
| | - Alisson Macário de Oliveira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Campina Grande, PB, 58429-500, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wêndeo Kennedy Costa
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil.
| | - Marcia Vanusa da Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, 50670-901, Brazil
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Godino-Gimeno A, Rocha A, Chivite M, Saera-Vila A, Rotllant J, Míguez JM, Cerdá-Reverter JM. Agouti-Induced Anxiety-Like Behavior Is Mediated by Central Serotonergic Pathways in Zebrafish. J Neurosci 2024; 44:e1970232024. [PMID: 38977301 PMCID: PMC11308329 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1970-23.2024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of the agouti-signaling protein (asip1), an endogenous melanocortin antagonist, under the control of a constitutive promoter in zebrafish [Tg(Xla.Eef1a1:Cau.Asip1]iim4] (asip1-Tg) increases food intake by reducing sensitivity of the central satiety systems and abolish circadian activity rhythms. The phenotype also shows increased linear growth and body weight, yet no enhanced aggressiveness in dyadic fights is observed. In fact, asip1-Tg animals choose to flee to safer areas rather than face a potential threat, thus suggesting a potential anxiety-like behavior (ALB). Standard behavioral tests, i.e., the open field test (OFT), the novel object test (NOT), and the novel tank dive test (NTDT), were used to investigate thigmotaxis and ALB in male and female zebrafish. Results showed that the asip1-Tg strain exhibited severe ALB in every test, mainly characterized by pronounced freezing behavior and increased linear and angular swimming velocities. asip1-Tg animals exhibited low central serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) levels and high turnover rates, thus suggesting that central monoaminergic pathways might mediate melanocortin antagonist-induced ALB. Accordingly, the treatment of asip1-Tg animals with fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), reversed the ALB phenotype in NTDT as well as 5-HT turnover. Genomic and anatomical data further supported neuronal interaction between melanocortinergic and serotonergic systems. These results suggest that inhibition of the melanocortin system by ubiquitous overexpression of endogenous antagonist has an anxiogenic effect mediated by serotonergic transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Godino-Gimeno
- Fish NeuroBehaviour Lab, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, IATS-CSIC, Castellon 12595, Spain
| | - Ana Rocha
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Matosinhos 4450-208, Portugal
| | - Mauro Chivite
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | | | - Josep Rotllant
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIM-CSIC), Vigo 36208, Spain
| | - Jesús M Míguez
- Centro de Investigación Mariña, Laboratorio de Fisioloxía Animal, Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo 36310, Spain
| | - José Miguel Cerdá-Reverter
- Fish NeuroBehaviour Lab, Department of Fish Physiology and Biotechnology, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, IATS-CSIC, Castellon 12595, Spain
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Singh P, Agrawal P, Singh KP. Prenatal exposure to vortioxetine and vilazodone: Impact on depressive- and anxiety-like behavioral manifestations in young rat offspring. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115128. [PMID: 38945303 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects millions of people worldwide, with women at a higher risk during the childbearing age. Vortioxetine (VOX) and Vilazodone (VLZ) are newer antidepressants with improved therapeutic profile commonly used, but their safety during pregnancy and long-term effects on offspring are poorly understood due to paucity of literature in preclinical and clinical studies. This study aimed to investigate whether prenatal exposure to VOX and VLZ impacts depressive- and anxiety-like neurobehavioral alterations in offspring, focusing on neurotransmitter-mediated mechanisms. Pregnant Wistar dams received either VOX or VLZ, 1 mg/day and 2 mg/day of the drug orally from gestation day (GD) 6-21. The dams naturally delivered their offspring and reared until they reached postnatal day (PND) 21. Offspring of both sexes were tested for display of depressive-and anxiety-like behaviors from PND 56-70. After PND 70, offspring were sacrificed, and their brains were collected to estimate neurotransmitter levels. As per protocol, controls were maintained simultaneously for each experimental design. Prenatal exposure to VOX or VLZ induced an increased state of depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in both male and female offspring. Additionally, neurotransmitter (serotonin, dopamine, and nor-epinephrine) levels in the prefrontal cortex region of the brain were substantially reduced in exposed offspring. No sex specific neurobehavioral and neurochemical implications were observed in the present study. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to VOX and VLZ disrupts neurochemical balance in the fetal brain, leading to long-lasting neurobehavioral impairments in offspring of both sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Singh
- Neurobiology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India.
| | - Priyanka Agrawal
- Neurobiology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India.
| | - K P Singh
- Neurobiology Lab., Department of Zoology, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj 211002, India.
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Dezsi G, Ozturk E, Wong D, Hudson MR, Martello G, Gomes FMM, Salzberg MR, Morris MJ, O'Brien TJ, Jones NC. Fluoxetine accelerates epileptogenesis and magnifies disease severity in a rat model of acquired epilepsy. Epilepsia 2024. [PMID: 39102253 DOI: 10.1111/epi.18080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many people with epilepsy experience comorbid anxiety and depression, and antidepressants remain a primary treatment for this. Emerging evidence suggests that these agents may modulate epileptogenesis to influence disease severity. Here, we assessed how treatment with the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant fluoxetine impacts epileptogenic, behavioral, and pathological sequelae following status epilepticus. METHODS Male Wistar rats received kainic acid to induce status epilepticus (SE) or vehicle (sham). Animals then received either fluoxetine (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle for 8 weeks via subcutaneous osmotic pump. Video-electroencephalography was recorded continuously until behavioral testing at day 56, including assessments of anxiety- and depression-like behavior and spatial cognition. Postmortem immunocytochemistry studies examined mossy fiber sprouting. RESULTS Fluoxetine treatment significantly accelerated epileptogenesis following SE, reducing the average period to the first spontaneous seizure (from 32 days [vehicle] to 6 days [fluoxetine], p < .01). Also, fluoxetine exposure magnified the severity of the resultant epilepsy, increasing seizure frequency compared to vehicle (p < .01). Exposure to fluoxetine was associated with improved anxiety- and depression-like behaviors but significantly worsened cognition. Mossy fiber sprouting was more pronounced in fluoxetine-treated rats compared to vehicle (p < .0001). SIGNIFICANCE Our studies demonstrate that, using a model exhibiting spontaneous seizures, epileptogenesis is accelerated and magnified by fluoxetine, an effect that may be related to more severe pathological neuroplasticity. The differential influence of fluoxetine on behavior indicates that different circuitry and mechanisms are responsible for these comorbidities. These findings suggest that caution should be exercised when prescribing SSRI antidepressants to people at risk of developing epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabi Dezsi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University and Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Ezgi Ozturk
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University and Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Davy Wong
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Matthew R Hudson
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University and Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gabriella Martello
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University and Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Flavia M M Gomes
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University and Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael R Salzberg
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Margaret J Morris
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University and Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nigel C Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Translational Medicine, Monash University and Department of Neurology, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), University of Melbourne, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Stringhetta-Villar BP, Douradinho LG, Esperança TD, de Freitas RN, Cavalcante DP, Chaves-Neto AH, Dornelles RCM. The impact of resistance training on memory, gait and oxidative stress during periestropause in rats. Behav Brain Res 2024; 471:115124. [PMID: 38925510 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Aging, especially in female, is complex, involving various factors such as reproductive sensitivity, cognitive and functional decline, and an imbalance in the redox system. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of long-term resistance training as a non-pharmacological strategy to mitigate the impairment of recognition memory, hippocampal redox state, and ambulation in aging female Wistar rats during the periestropause period. Thirty Wistar rats aged 17 months, in periestropause, were distributed into non-trained (NT) and resistance training (RT; stair climbing 3 times per week for 4 months) groups. Before (17 months) and after (21 months) of the RT period, the rats underwent tests for ambulation, elevated plus maze (EPM), open field, and object recognition. Biochemical and histological analyses were conducted on the hippocampus of these animals. Analysis of the results revealed that at 21 months, females in the NT group (21Mo/NT) exhibited a decreased in length (p=0.0458) and an increased in past width (p<0.0479) compared to their measurements at 17 months. However, after 4 months of RT, the female rats aged 21 months (21Mo/RT group) experienced changes in gait components, showing an increase in length (p<0.0008) and a decrease in stride width. Regarding memory, the object recognition test indicated potential cognitive improvement in 21Mo/RT animals, with significant interaction between intervention and age across all three stages of the test (total exploration time, p=0.0001; Test 1, p=0.0003; Test 2, p=0.0014). This response was notable compared to animals in the 21Mo/NT group, which showed a decline in memory capacity (p<0.01). The data showed a significant difference in relation to the age of the animals (p<0.01). The hippocampal redox state markers showed reduced lipid oxidative (p=0.028), catalase (p=0.022), and superoxide dismutase (p=0.0067) in the RT group compared to the NT group. Hippocampal cells from the 21Mo/RT group showed increased citrate synthase enzyme activity (p<0.05) and Nissl body staining (p<0.05). The results of this study demonstrate that RT performed during the periestropause phase leads to significant improvements in functional abilities, cognitive performance, and neuroplasticity in aging female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luana Galante Douradinho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaina Daguane Esperança
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rayara Nogueira de Freitas
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Odontológica, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Debora Prazias Cavalcante
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Hernandes Chaves-Neto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Odontológica, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rita Cássia Menegati Dornelles
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Multicêntrico em Ciências Fisiológicas, SBFis, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Basic Sciences, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Rodrigues MS, do Nascimento NB, Farias HR, Schons T, Machado AG, Behenck E, Mesquita A, Krolow Bast R, Budni J, Engblom D, de Bem AF, de Oliveira J. Microglia contribute to cognitive decline in hypercholesterolemic LDLr -/- mice. J Neurochem 2024; 168:1565-1586. [PMID: 37694813 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor, which leads to an excessive increase in plasma LDL cholesterol levels. Previous studies have shown that FH is associated with gliosis, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and memory impairment, but the mechanisms associated with these events are still not fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of microgliosis in the neurochemical and behavioral changes associated with FH using LDL receptor knockout (LDLr-/-) mice. We noticed that microgliosis was more severe in the hippocampus of middle-aged LDLr-/- mice, which was accompanied by microglial morphological changes and alterations in the immunocontent of synaptic protein markers. At three months of age, the LDLr-/- mice already showed increased microgliosis and decreased immunocontent of claudin-5 in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Subsequently, 6-month-old male C57BL/6 wild-type and LDLr-/- mice were treated once daily for 30 days with minocycline (a pharmacological inhibitor of microglial cell reactivity) or vehicle (saline). Adult LDLr-/- mice displayed significant hippocampal memory impairment, which was ameliorated by minocycline treatment. Non-treated LDLr-/- mice showed increased microglial density in all hippocampal regions analyzed, a process that was not altered by minocycline treatment. Region-specific microglial morphological analysis revealed different effects of genotype or minocycline treatment on microglial morphology, depending on the hippocampal subregion analyzed. Moreover, 6-month-old LDLr-/- mice exhibited a slight but not significant increase in IBA-1 immunoreactivity in the PFC, which was reduced by minocycline treatment without altering microglial morphology. Minocycline treatment also reduced the presence of microglia within the perivascular area in both the PFC and hippocampus of LDLr-/- mice. However, no significant effects of either genotype or minocycline treatment were observed regarding the phagocytic activity of microglia in the PFC and hippocampus. Our results demonstrate that hippocampal microgliosis, microglial morphological changes, and the presence of these glial cells in the perivascular area, but not increased microglial phagocytic activity, are associated with cognitive deficits in a mouse model of FH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Scarpatto Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Natalia Baltazar do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Hemelin Resende Farias
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Taina Schons
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Gonçalves Machado
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Behenck
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Ariadni Mesquita
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rachel Krolow Bast
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Josiani Budni
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - David Engblom
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience (CSAN), Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Jade de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde (ICBS), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Ahmad N, Ansari K, Alamoudi MK, Haque A, Ullah Z, Khalid MS, Ahmad S. A novel mucoadhesive paliperidone-nanoemulsion developed using the ultrasonication method in the treatment of schizophrenia. RSC Adv 2024; 14:23952-23972. [PMID: 39091375 PMCID: PMC11292486 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04624b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: To develop paliperidone mucoadhesive-nanoemulsion (PLP-NE) to enhance brain bioavailability. To evaluate comparative effects of PLP-NE and CS-PLP-NE in the treatment of schizophrenia, followed by a toxicity study of opt-NE. Material and methods: Oil: oleic acid, surfactant: Tween-80, and co-surfactant: Labrasol were chosen based on the solubility and maximum nanoemulsion area. The ultrasonication technique was applied with the aqueous micro titration method for the development of PLP-NE. The optimization of the method for the excellent PLP-NE was performed using a central composite design based on a five-factor and four-level. Oil (% v/v), S mix (v/v%), ultrasonication intensity in percentage, ultrasonication time in minutes, and temperature (°C) were optimized and used to the independent variables. Results: The parameters i.e., oil (5%), S mix (10%), ultrasonication time (5.0 min), ultrasonication intensity (25%), and temperature (38 °C) were optimized and used as independent and dependent variables for the development of novel PLP-NE. Based on experimental data, the dependent variables, i.e., globule size (53.90 ± 4.01 nm), % transmittance (92.56% ± 1.06%), PDI (0.218 ± 0.007), and zeta potential (-11.60 ± 0.031 mV), were determined. The smooth near about spherical shaped of PLP-NE globules with, refractive index i.e., 1.62 ± 0.021, viscosity: 39 ± 6 cp with the pH: 7.40 ± 0.089, and content of drug (97.98 ± 0.39%) for optimized-PLP-NE. The optimized PLP-NE with oleic acid, Tween-80, and Labrasol was used to improve brain bioavailability with good permeation via the intranasal route. CS-PLP-NE yielded good mucoadhesive property results compared to paliperidone-nanoemulsion, and PLP-S containing a 0.751 minutes retention time with their deuterated-IS (0.806 min) and m/z of 427.2/207.2 with IS (m/z: 431.2/211.2) for PLP and PLP-IS. A calibration curve was plotted with a linear range of 1-2000 ng mL-1 with inter- and intraday accuracy (97.03-99.31%) and precision (1.69-50.05%). The results of AUC(0-24) and C max for PLP were found to be highly significant (p < 0.001) as an improvement of brain bioavailability in rats via intranasal delivery of CS-PLP-NE. Furthermore, the locomotion test, social interaction, and forced swimming test (forced swimming, climbing, and immobility) of a mucoadhesive CS-PLP-NE (intranasally) provided highly significant results with the improvement of behavioral analysis when compared to the PLP-NE and PLP-S studies. Conclusion: CS-PLP-NE (i.n.) showed highly significant results, i.e., p < 0.001 for the improvement of bioavailability of the brain in the treatment of schizophrenia. Optimized-mucoadhesive-CS-based-PLP-NE is safe and shows no toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niyaz Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Colleges Buraydah Alqassim Saudi Arabia +966 531203626
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Green Lab Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Ansari
- Liwa College, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Mariam K Alamoudi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University Al-Kharj 11942 Saudi Arabia
| | - Anzarul Haque
- Central Laboratories Unit, Qatar University Doha 2713 Qatar
| | - Zabih Ullah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Colleges Alqassim Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Saifuddin Khalid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University Dammam Saudi Arabia
| | - Sarfaraz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University Jazan 114 Saudi Arabia
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Tonet NS, da Silva Marçal DF, da Silva FN, Brunetta HS, Mori MADS, Dos Santos GJ, Moreira ELG, Rafacho A. Moderate chronic sleep perturbation impairs glucose and lipid homeostasis in rats. Sleep 2024; 47:zsae118. [PMID: 38788154 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsae118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Sleep deprivation is a potential risk factor for metabolic diseases, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. We evaluated the impacts of moderate chronic sleep deprivation on glucose and lipid homeostasis in adult rats. METHODS Wistar rats (both sexes) were sleep-perturbed daily for 2 hours at the early (06:00-08:00) and the late light cycle (16:00-18:00) five days a week (except weekends) for 4 weeks. RESULTS Sleep perturbation (SP) resulted in reduced body weight gain in both sexes, associated with altered food intake and reduced adiposity. SP did not alter the short- or long-term memories or cause anxiogenic behavior. No major changes were observed in the plasma insulin, leptin, triacylglycerol, non-esterified fatty acids, and blood glucose upon SP. After SP, females exhibited a transitory glucose intolerance, while males became glucose intolerant at the end of the experimental period. Male rats also developed higher insulin sensitivity at the end of the SP protocol. Morphometric analyses revealed no changes in hepatic glycogen deposition, pancreatic islet mass, islet-cell distribution, or adrenal cortex thickness in SP rats from both sexes, except for lower adipocyte size compared with controls. We did not find homogeneous changes in the relative expression of circadian and metabolic genes in muscle or hepatic tissues from the SP rats. CONCLUSIONS Moderate chronic SP reduces visceral adiposity and causes glucose intolerance with a more pronounced impact on male rats, reinforcing the metabolic risks of exposure to sleep disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália Stinghen Tonet
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases (LIDoC), Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Danilo Francisco da Silva Marçal
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases (LIDoC), Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Flavia Natividade da Silva
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases (LIDoC), Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Henver Simionato Brunetta
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Alves da Silva Mori
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Jorge Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Luiz Gasnhar Moreira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Alex Rafacho
- Laboratory of Investigation in Chronic Diseases (LIDoC), Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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de Cordova Kindermann S, Caon G, Boeck CR, de Oliveira Bauer C, Dos Santos da Silva N, Possamai OL, Longaretti LM, Magenis ML, Damiani AP, de Oliveira Monteiro I, de Andrade VM. Moderate India Pale Ale beer consumption promotes antigenotoxic and non-mutagenic effects in ex vivo and in vivo mice models. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024. [PMID: 38975867 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discussion of the benefits of moderate alcohol consumption is ongoing. Broadly, research focusing on ethanol consumption tends to report no benefits. However, studies that distinguish between different types of alcoholic beverages, particularly beers, often reveal positive effects. The present study evaluated the genotoxic and mutagenic effects of moderate chronic consumption of India Pale Ale (IPA) craft beer. Sixty-four adult male Swiss mice were used and divided into control and treatment groups receiving water, IPA beer with 55.23 g of ethanol per liter of beer, aqueous solution with 55.23 g of ethanol per liter, and hop infusion ad libitum for 30 days. After this period, the animals were genetically evaluated with a comet assay. For the ex vivo comet assay, blood was collected and exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). For the in vivo assay, the alkylating agent cyclophosphamide (CP) was administered to the groups after blood collection and sacrificed after 24 h. Brain, liver, and heart tissues were analyzed. Bone marrow was collected and submitted to the micronucleus test. RESULTS The groups treated with IPA beer, ethanol, and hops did not show genotoxic and mutagenic action in the blood, brain, heart, or liver. The antigenotoxic action of IPA beer and hops was observed in both in vivo and ex vivo models, showing a similar reduction in DNA damage caused by CP. There was no significant difference between the groups with regard to the formation of micronuclei by CP. CONCLUSION Moderate chronic consumption of IPA beer and hops infusion showed antigenotoxic effects in mice but no antimutagenic action. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Schellen de Cordova Kindermann
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Glauco Caon
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Endocrinologia Comparada, Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carina Rodrigues Boeck
- Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Programa de Pós-graduação em Nanociências, Universidade Franciscana, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Carla de Oliveira Bauer
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Nicollas Dos Santos da Silva
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Otavio Lucio Possamai
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Luiza Martins Longaretti
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Marina Lummertz Magenis
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Adriani Paganini Damiani
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Isadora de Oliveira Monteiro
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Moraes de Andrade
- Laboratory of Translational Biomedicine, Graduate Program of Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina-UNESC, Criciúma, Brazil
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Zhao YL, Yi HY, Baba SS, Guo YX, Yuan XC, Hou XM, Liang LL, Huo FQ. Activation of 5-HT 6 Receptors in the Ventrolateral Orbital Cortex Produces Anti-Anxiodepressive Effects in a Rat Model of Neuropathic Pain. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04314-1. [PMID: 38963532 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04314-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
The comorbidity of anxiety and depression frequently occurs in patients with neuropathic pain. The ventrolateral orbital cortex (VLO) plays a critical role in mediating neuropathic pain and anxiodepression in rodents. Previous studies suggested that 5-HT6 receptors in the VLO are involved in neuropathic pain. Strong evidence supports a close link between 5-HT6 receptors and affective disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders. However, it remains unclear whether the 5-HT6 receptors in the VLO are involved in neuropathic pain-induced anxiodepression. Using a rat neuropathic pain model of spared nerve injury (SNI), we demonstrated that rats exhibited significant anxiodepression-like behaviors and the expression of VLO 5-HT6 receptors obviously decreased four weeks after SNI surgery. Microinjection of the 5-HT6 receptor agonist EMD-386088 into the VLO or overexpression of VLO 5-HT6 receptors alleviated anxiodepression-like behaviors. These effects were blocked by pre-microinjection of a selective 5-HT6 receptor antagonist (SB-258585) or inhibitors of AC (SQ-22536), PKA (H89), and MEK1/2 (U0126) respectively. Meanwhile, the expression of p-ERK, p-CREB, and BDNF in the VLO decreased four weeks after SNI surgery. Furthermore, administration of EMD-386088 upregulated the expression of BDNF, p-ERK, and p-CREB in the VLO of SNI rats, which were reversed by pre-injection of SB-258585. These findings suggest that activating 5-HT6 receptors in the VLO has anti-anxiodepressive effects in rats with neuropathic pain via activating AC-cAMP-PKA-MERK-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway. Accordingly, 5-HT6 receptor in the VLO could be a potential target for the treatment of the comorbidity of neuropathic pain and anxiodepression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui-Yuan Yi
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Sani Sa'idu Baba
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Guo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Yuan
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue-Mei Hou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ling-Li Liang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fu-Quan Huo
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Institute of Neuroscience, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi'an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi, China.
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Kucukdereli H, Amsalem O, Pottala T, Lim M, Potgieter L, Hasbrouck A, Lutas A, Andermann ML. Repeated stress triggers seeking of a starvation-like state in anxiety-prone female mice. Neuron 2024; 112:2130-2141.e7. [PMID: 38642553 PMCID: PMC11287784 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Elevated anxiety often precedes anorexia nervosa and persists after weight restoration. Patients with anorexia nervosa often describe self-starvation as pleasant, potentially because food restriction can be anxiolytic. Here, we tested whether repeated stress can cause animals to prefer a starvation-like state. We developed a virtual reality place preference paradigm in which head-fixed mice can voluntarily seek a starvation-like state induced by optogenetic stimulation of hypothalamic agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons. Prior to stress exposure, males but not females showed a mild aversion to AgRP stimulation. Strikingly, following multiple days of stress, a subset of females developed a strong preference for AgRP stimulation that was predicted by high baseline anxiety. Such stress-induced changes in preference were reflected in changes in facial expressions during AgRP stimulation. Our study suggests that stress may cause females predisposed to anxiety to seek a starvation state and provides a powerful experimental framework for investigating the underlying neural mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Kucukdereli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Oren Amsalem
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Trent Pottala
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Michelle Lim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Leilani Potgieter
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Amanda Hasbrouck
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrew Lutas
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mark L Andermann
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Gokalp D, Unal G. The role of mGluR5 on the therapeutic effects of ketamine in Wistar rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024; 241:1399-1415. [PMID: 38459971 PMCID: PMC11199271 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06571-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Ketamine produces dissociative, psychomimetic, anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anesthetic effects in a dose dependent manner. It has a complex mechanism of action that involve alterations in other glutamate receptors. The metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) has been investigated in relation to the psychotic and anesthetic properties of ketamine, while its role in mediating the therapeutic effects of ketamine remains unknown. OBJECTIVES We investigated the role of mGluR5 on the antidepressant, anxiolytic and fear memory-related effects of ketamine in adult male Wistar rats. METHODS Two sets of experiments were conducted. We first utilized the positive allosteric modulator CDPPB to investigate how acute mGluR5 activation regulates the therapeutic effects of ketamine (10 mg/kg). We then tested the synergistic antidepressant effect of mGluR5 antagonism and ketamine by combining MTEP with a sub-effective dose of ketamine (1 mg/kg). Behavioral despair, locomotor activity, anxiety-like behavior, and fear memory were respectively assessed in the forced swim test (FST), open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), and auditory fear conditioning. RESULTS Enhancing mGluR5 activity via CDPPB occluded the antidepressant effect of ketamine without changing locomotor activity. Furthermore, concomitant administration of MTEP and ketamine exhibited a robust synergistic antidepressant effect. The MTEP + ketamine treatment, however, blocked the anxiolytic effect observed by sole administration of MTEP or the low dose ketamine. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that suppressed mGluR5 activity is required for the antidepressant effects of ketamine. Consequently, the antagonism of mGluR5 enhances the antidepressant effectiveness of low dose ketamine, but eliminates its anxiolytic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilan Gokalp
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boğaziçi University, 34342, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunes Unal
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Boğaziçi University, 34342, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Cheng J, Chen L, Zheng YN, Liu J, Zhang L, Zhang XM, Huang L, Yuan QL. Disfunction of dorsal raphe nucleus-hippocampus serotonergic-HTR3 transmission results in anxiety phenotype of Neuroplastin 65-deficient mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024; 45:1393-1405. [PMID: 38528118 PMCID: PMC11192762 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01252-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are the most common psychiatric condition, but the etiology of anxiety disorders remains largely unclear. Our previous studies have shown that neuroplastin 65 deficiency (NP65-/-) mice exhibit abnormal social and mental behaviors and decreased expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) protein. However, whether a causal relationship between TPH2 reduction and anxiety disorders exists needs to be determined. In present study, we found that replenishment of TPH2 in dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) enhanced 5-HT level in the hippocampus and alleviated anxiety-like behaviors. In addition, injection of AAV-NP65 in DRN significantly increased TPH2 expression in DRN and hippocampus, and reduced anxiety-like behaviors. Acute administration of exogenous 5-HT or HTR3 agonist SR57227A in hippocampus mitigated anxiety-like behaviors in NP65-/- mice. Moreover, replenishment of TPH2 in DRN partly repaired the impairment of long-term potentiation (LTP) maintenance in hippocampus of NP65-/- mice. Finally, we found that loss of NP65 lowered transcription factors Lmx1b expression in postnatal stage and replenishment of NP65 in DRN reversed the decrease in Lmx1b expression of NP65-/- mice. Together, our findings reveal that NP65 deficiency induces anxiety phenotype by downregulating DRN-hippocampus serotonergic-HTR3 transmission. These studies provide a novel and insightful view about NP65 function, suggesting an attractive potential target for treatment of anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Ya-Ni Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiong-Lan Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Ghaffari MK, Rafati A, Karbalaei N, Haghani M, Nemati M, Sefati N, Namavar MR. The effect of intra-nasal co-treatment with insulin and growth factor-rich serum on behavioral defects, hippocampal oxidative-nitrosative stress, and histological changes induced by icv-STZ in a rat model. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:4833-4849. [PMID: 38157024 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02899-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Impaired insulin and growth factor functions are thought to drive many alterations in neurodegenerative diseases like dementia and seem to contribute to oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Recent studies revealed that nasal growth factor therapy could induce neuronal and oligodendroglia protection in rodent brain damage induction models. Impairment of several growth factors signaling was reported in neurodegenerative diseases. So, in the present study, we examined the effects of intranasal co-treatment of insulin and a pool of growth factor-rich serum (GFRS) which separated from activated platelets on memory, and behavioral defects induced by intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (icv-STZ) rat model also investigated changes in the hippocampal oxidative-nitrosative state and histology. We found that icv-STZ injection (3 mg/kg bilaterally) impairs spatial learning and memory in Morris Water Maze, leads to anxiogenic-like behavior in the open field arena, and induces oxidative-nitrosative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal/oligodendroglia death in the hippocampus. GFRS (1µl/kg, each other day, 9 doses) and regular insulin (4 U/40 µl, daily, 18 doses) treatments improved learning, memory, and anxiogenic behaviors. The present study showed that co-treatment (GFRS + insulin with respective dose) has more robust protection against hippocampal oxidative-nitrosative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal/oligodendroglia survival in comparison with the single therapy. Memory and behavioral improvements in the co-treatment of insulin and GFRS could be attributed to their effects on neuronal/oligodendroglia survival and reduction of neuroinflammation in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Khorsand Ghaffari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Rafati
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Narges Karbalaei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Masoud Haghani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Nemati
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Niloofar Sefati
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Namavar
- Histomorphometry and Stereology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Clinical Neurology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Bömers JP, Holm A, Kazantzi S, Edvinsson L, Mathiesen TI, Haanes KA. Protein kinase C-inhibition reduces critical weight loss and improves functional outcome after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107728. [PMID: 38643942 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) carries a high burden of morbidity and mortality. One in three patients develop vasospasm, which is associated with Delayed Cerebral Ischemia. The pathophysiology includes vasoconstrictor receptor upregulation in cerebral arteries. The protein kinase C - inhibitor RO-31-7549 reduces the expression of several vasoconstrictor receptors and normalizes cerebral blood flow in experimental SAH but functional and behavioural effects are unknown. This study was undertaken to analyse functional outcomes up to 14 days after experimental SAH. MATERIALS AND METHODS 54 male rats were randomised to experimental SAH or sham, using the pre-chiasmatic, single injection model, and subsequent treatment or vehicle. 42 remained for final analysis. The animals were euthanized on day 14 or when reaching a humane endpoint. The primary endpoint was overall survival, defined as either spontaneous mortality or when reaching a predefined humane endpoint. The secondary outcomes were differences in the rotating pole test, weight, open field test, novel object recognition and qPCR of selected inflammatory markers. RESULTS In the vehicle group 6/15 rats reached the humane endpoint of >20 % weight loss compared to 1/14 in the treatment group. This resulted in a significant reduced risk of early euthanasia due to >20 % weight loss of HR 0.15 (0.03-0.66, p = 0.04). Furthermore, the treatment group did significantly better on the rotating pole test, RR 0.64 (0.47-0.91, p = 0.02). CONCLUSION RO-31-7549 improved outcomes in terms >20 % weight loss and rotating pole performance after experimental SAH and could be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper P Bömers
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Clinical Experimental Research Unit, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | - Anja Holm
- Clinical Experimental Research Unit, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Center for RNA Medicine, Aalborg University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Spyridoula Kazantzi
- Clinical Experimental Research Unit, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Clinical Experimental Research Unit, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Tiit I Mathiesen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kristian A Haanes
- Clinical Experimental Research Unit, Translational Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sajjaviriya C, Fujianti, Azuma M, Tsuchiya H, Koshimizu TA. Computer vision analysis of mother-infant interaction identified efficient pup retrieval in V1b receptor knockout mice. Peptides 2024; 177:171226. [PMID: 38649033 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2024.171226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Close contact between lactating rodent mothers and their infants is essential for effective nursing. Whether the mother's effort to retrieve the infants to their nest requires the vasopressin-signaling via V1b receptor has not been fully defined. To address this question, V1b receptor knockout (V1bKO) and control mice were analyzed in pup retrieval test. Because an exploring mother in a new test cage randomly accessed to multiple infants in changing backgrounds over time, a computer vision-based deep learning analysis was applied to continuously calculate the distances between the mother and the infants as a parameter of their relationship. In an open-field, a virgin female V1bKO mice entered fewer times into the center area and moved shorter distances than wild-type (WT). While this behavioral pattern persisted in V1bKO mother, the pup retrieval test demonstrated that total distances between a V1bKO mother and infants came closer in a shorter time than with a WT mother. Moreover, in the medial preoptic area, parts of the V1b receptor transcripts were detected in galanin- and c-fos-positive neurons following maternal stimulation by infants. This research highlights the effectiveness of deep learning analysis in evaluating the mother-infant relationship and the critical role of V1b receptor in pup retrieval during the early lactation phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chortip Sajjaviriya
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0489, Japan
| | - Fujianti
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0489, Japan
| | - Morio Azuma
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0489, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsuchiya
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0489, Japan
| | - Taka-Aki Koshimizu
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi 329-0489, Japan.
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Paronikyan EG, Dashyan SS, Mamyan SS, Paronikyan RG, Nazaryan IM, Balyan KV, Gasparyan HV, Buloyan SA, Hunanyan LS, Hobosyan NG. Synthesis and Psychotropic Properties of Novel Condensed Triazines for Drug Discovery. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:829. [PMID: 39065680 PMCID: PMC11280098 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The exploration of heterocyclic compounds and their fused analogs, featuring key pharmacophore fragments like pyridine, thiophene, pyrimidine, and triazine rings, is pivotal in medicinal chemistry. These compounds possess a wide array of biological activities, making them an intriguing area of study. The quest for new neurotropic drugs among derivatives of these heterocycles with pharmacophore groups remains a significant research challenge. The aim of this research work was to develop a synthesis method for new heterocyclic compounds, evaluate their neurotropic and neuroprotective activities, study histological changes, and perform docking analysis. Classical organic synthesis methods were used in the creation of novel heterocyclic systems containing pharmacophore rings. To evaluate the neurotropic activity of these synthesized compounds, a range of biological assays were employed. Docking analysis was conducted using various software packages and methodologies. The neuroprotective activity of compound 13 was tested in seizures with and without pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) administration. Histopathological examinations were performed in different experimental groups in the hippocampus and the entorhinal cortex. As a result of chemical reactions, 16 new, tetra- and pentacyclic heterocyclic compounds were obtained. The biologically studied compounds exhibited protection against PTZ seizures as well as some psychotropic effects. The biological assays evidenced that 13 of the 16 studied compounds showed a high anticonvulsant activity by antagonism with PTZ. The toxicity of the compounds was low. According to the results of the study of psychotropic activity, it was found that the selected compounds have a sedative effect, except compound 13, which exhibited activating behavior and antianxiety effects (especially compound 13). The studied compounds exhibited antidepressant effects, especially compound 13, which is similar to diazepam. Histopathological examination showed that compound 13 produced moderate changes in the brain and exhibited neuroprotective effects in the entorhinal cortex against PTZ-induced damage, reducing gliosis and neuronal loss. Docking studies revealed that out of 16 compounds, 3 compounds bound to the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor. Thus, the selected compounds demonstrated anticonvulsant, sedative, and activating behavior, and at the same time exhibited antianxiety and antidepressant effects. Compound 13 bound to the GABAA receptor and exhibited antianxiety, antidepressant, and neuroprotective effects in the entorhinal cortex against PTZ-induced changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ervand G. Paronikyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
| | - Shushanik Sh. Dashyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
- Pharmacy Faculty, Haybusak University of Yerevan, 6 Abelyan St., Yerevan 0038, Armenia
| | - Suren S. Mamyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
| | - Ruzanna G. Paronikyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
| | - Ivetta M. Nazaryan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
| | - Kristine V. Balyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
| | - Hrachik V. Gasparyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
- Pharmacy Faculty, Haybusak University of Yerevan, 6 Abelyan St., Yerevan 0038, Armenia
| | - Sona A. Buloyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
- Pharmacy Faculty, Haybusak University of Yerevan, 6 Abelyan St., Yerevan 0038, Armenia
| | - Lernik S. Hunanyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
| | - Nina G. Hobosyan
- Scientific Technological Center of Organic and Pharmaceutical Chemistry of National Academy of Sciences of Republic of Armenia, Ave. Azatutyan 26, Yerevan 0014, Armenia; (E.G.P.); (S.S.M.); (R.G.P.); (I.M.N.); (K.V.B.); (H.V.G.); (L.S.H.); (N.G.H.)
- Pharmacy Faculty, Haybusak University of Yerevan, 6 Abelyan St., Yerevan 0038, Armenia
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Rojas-Osornio SA, Crespo-Ramírez M, Paredes-Cervantes V, Mata-Marín A, Martínez-Lara R, Pérez de la Mora M, Tesoro-Cruz E. Oral Administration of Efavirenz Dysregulates the Tph2 Gene in Brain Serotonergic Areas and Alters Weight and Mood in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:801. [PMID: 38931468 PMCID: PMC11206422 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Most HIV-antiretroviral drugs have adverse effects. Efavirenz (EFV) is an example of a drug with neuropsychiatric effects, such as anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts, in people living with HIV (PLWH). The mechanisms by which EFV causes neuropsychiatric alterations in PLWH are complex, multifactorial, and not fully understood, although several studies in animals have reported changes in brain energy metabolism, alterations in monoamine turnover, GABA, and glutamate levels, and changes in 5-HT receptors. In this report, we studied the effects of EFV on the serotonergic system in healthy mice, specifically, whether EFV results in alterations in the levels of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (Tph2) gene in the brain. EFV (10 mg/kg) and distilled water (1.5 µL/kg) (control group) were orally administered to the mice for 36 days. At the end of the treatment, Tph2 expression levels in mouse brains were measured, and mood was evaluated by three trials: the forced swim test, elevated plus maze, and open field test. Our results revealed dysregulation of Tph2 expression in the brainstem, amygdala, and hypothalamus in the EFV group, and 5-HT levels increased in the amygdala in the EFV group. In the behavioral tests, mice given EFV exhibited a passive avoidance response in the forced swim test and anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze, and they lost weight. Herein, for the first time, we showed that EFV triggered dysregulation of the Tph2 gene in the three serotonergic areas studied; and 5-HT levels increased in the amygdala using the ELISA method. However, further studies will be necessary to clarify the increase of 5-HT in the amygdala as well as understand the paradoxical decrease in body weight with the simultaneous increase in food consumption. It will also be necessary to measure 5-HT by other techniques different from ELISA, such as HPLC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minerva Crespo-Ramírez
- Division de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Vladimir Paredes-Cervantes
- Laboratorio Central, Hospital de Especialidades “Dr. Antonio Fraga Mouret” Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza” Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 02990, Mexico;
| | - Antonio Mata-Marín
- Departamento de Infectología, Hospital de Infectología del Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza” IMSS, Mexico City 02990, Mexico;
| | - Ricardo Martínez-Lara
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Inmunología e Infectología, del Hospital de Infectología del Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza” IMSS, Mexico City 02990, Mexico;
| | - Miguel Pérez de la Mora
- Division de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - Emiliano Tesoro-Cruz
- Unidad de Investigación Biomédica en Inmunología e Infectología, del Hospital de Infectología del Centro Médico Nacional “La Raza” IMSS, Mexico City 02990, Mexico;
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Roussin L, Gry E, Macaron M, Ribes S, Monnoye M, Douard V, Naudon L, Rabot S. Microbiota influence on behavior: Integrative analysis of serotonin metabolism and behavioral profile in germ-free mice. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23648. [PMID: 38822661 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400334r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies on germ-free (GF) animals have described altered anxiety-like and social behaviors together with dysregulations in brain serotonin (5-HT) metabolism. Alterations in circulating 5-HT levels and gut 5-HT metabolism have also been reported in GF mice. In this study, we conducted an integrative analysis of various behaviors as well as markers of 5-HT metabolism in the brain and along the GI tract of GF male mice compared with conventional (CV) ones. We found a strong decrease in locomotor activity, accompanied by some signs of increased anxiety-like behavior in GF mice compared with CV mice. Brain gene expression analysis showed no differences in HTR1A and TPH2 genes. In the gut, we found decreased TPH1 expression in the colon of GF mice, while it was increased in the cecum. HTR1A expression was dramatically decreased in the colon, while HTR4 expression was increased both in the cecum and colon of GF mice compared with CV mice. Finally, SLC6A4 expression was increased in the ileum and colon of GF mice compared with CV mice. Our results add to the evidence that the microbiota is involved in regulation of behavior, although heterogeneity among studies suggests a strong impact of genetic and environmental factors on this microbiota-mediated regulation. While no impact of GF status on brain 5-HT was observed, substantial differences in gut 5-HT metabolism were noted, with tissue-dependent results indicating a varying role of microbiota along the GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Léa Roussin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Elisa Gry
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Mira Macaron
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sandy Ribes
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Magali Monnoye
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Véronique Douard
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Laurent Naudon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, CNRS, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvie Rabot
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Cordova-Chávez RI, Trujillo-Ferrara JG, Padilla-Martínez II, González-Espinosa H, Abad-García A, Farfán-García ED, Ortega-Camarillo C, Contreras-Ramos A, Soriano-Ursúa MA. One-Step Synthesis, Crystallography, and Acute Toxicity of Two Boron-Carbohydrate Adducts That Induce Sedation in Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:781. [PMID: 38931447 PMCID: PMC11206247 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Boronic acids form diester bonds with cis-hydroxyl groups in carbohydrates. The formation of these adducts could impair the physical and chemical properties of precursors, even their biological activity. Two carbohydrate derivatives from d-fructose and d-arabinose and phenylboronic acid were synthesized in a straightforward one-step procedure and chemically characterized via spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction crystallography. Additionally, an acute toxicity test was performed to determine their lethal dose 50 (LD50) values by using Lorke's method. Analytical chemistry assays confirmed the formation of adducts by the generation of diester bonds with the β-d-pyranose of carbohydrates, including signals corresponding to the formation of new bonds, such as the stretching of B-O bonds. NMR spectra yielded information about the stereoselectivity in the synthesis reaction: Just one signal was found in the range for the anomeric carbon in the 13C NMR spectra of both adducts. The acute toxicity tests showed that the LD50 value for both compounds was 1265 mg/kg, while the effective dose 50 (ED50) for sedation was 531 mg/kg. However, differences were found in the onset and lapse of sedation. For example, the arabinose derivative induced sedation for more than 48 h at 600 mg/kg, while the fructose derivative induced sedation for less than 6 h at the same dose without the death of the mice. Thus, we report for the first time two boron-containing carbohydrate derivatives inducing sedation after intraperitoneal administration. They are bioactive and highly safe agents. Further biological evaluation is desirable to explore their medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Ivan Cordova-Chávez
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (R.I.C.-C.); (H.G.-E.); (A.A.-G.)
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - José G. Trujillo-Ferrara
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Itzia I. Padilla-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Química Supramolecular y Nanociencias, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Acueducto s/n, Barrio la Laguna Ticomán, Mexico City 07340, Mexico;
| | - Héctor González-Espinosa
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (R.I.C.-C.); (H.G.-E.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Antonio Abad-García
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (R.I.C.-C.); (H.G.-E.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Eunice D. Farfán-García
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico;
| | - Clara Ortega-Camarillo
- Medical Research Unit in Biochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Center SXXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores, Alc. Cuauhtémoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Alejandra Contreras-Ramos
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology in the Congenital Malformations Unit, Children’s Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez (HIMFG), Calle Dr. Marques 162, Col. Doctores, Alc. Cuahutémoc, Mexico City 06720, Mexico;
| | - Marvin A. Soriano-Ursúa
- Laboratorio de Neurofisiología, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (R.I.C.-C.); (H.G.-E.); (A.A.-G.)
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Hammad AM, Abusara OH, Sunoqrot S, Khdair SI, Scott Hall F. Sex Differences in Withdrawal-Induced Anxiety in Rats After Exposure to Tobacco Smoke. Neurosci Lett 2024; 833:137834. [PMID: 38797388 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Nicotine, a component of cigarettes, possesses strong reinforcing properties and improves cognitive function, which can lead to dependence. Upon cigarette smoking cessation, withdrawal symptoms occur and may cause an individual to relapse. Affective withdrawal symptoms, such as anxiety, is of great concern as studies have shown its ability to cause relapse in men and women. In this in vivo study, anxiety resulting from smoking cessation after 2-day smoke-free intervals per week for the duration of 4 weeks was investigated in 8 male and 8 female rats after their exposure to cigarette smoke compared to unexposed control rats (8 males and 8 female rats). The anxiety in rats during smoke-free intervals was investigated using an elevated plus-maze (EPM), open-field (OF), and light/dark test (LD). In all tests male rats exhibited significantly higher anxiety symptoms compared to female rats during nicotine withdrawal, despite control rats showing no differences. In the EPM, male rats spent less time in open arm as well having as lower number of crossings than female rats. As for the OFT, the amount of time spent in the center of the open field was also lower in male rats than female rats. In the LD test, the time spent in the light chamber and the latency (delay) to enter the dark chamber was lower in male rats compared to female rats. Our study showed that male rats show greater nicotine withdrawal effects, in terms of anxiety-like behavior than female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa M Hammad
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan.
| | - Osama H Abusara
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Suhair Sunoqrot
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Sawsan I Khdair
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - F Scott Hall
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA
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Xu D, Liu J, Meng S, Sun M, Chen Y, Hong Y. Isoflurane-induced neuroinflammation and NKCC1/KCC2 dysregulation result in long-term cognitive disorder in neonatal mice. BMC Anesthesiol 2024; 24:200. [PMID: 38840092 PMCID: PMC11151488 DOI: 10.1186/s12871-024-02587-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The inhalational anesthetic isoflurane is commonly utilized in clinical practice, particularly in the field of pediatric anesthesia. Research has demonstrated its capacity to induce neuroinflammation and long-term behavioral disorders; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear [1]. The cation-chloride cotransporters Na+-K+-2Cl--1 (NKCC1) and K+-2Cl--2 (KCC2) play a pivotal role in regulating neuronal responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) [2]. Imbalances in NKCC1/KCC2 can disrupt GABA neurotransmission, potentially leading to neural circuit hyperexcitability and reduced inhibition following neonatal exposure to anesthesia [3]. Therefore, this study postulates that anesthetics have the potential to dysregulate NKCC1 and/or KCC2 during brain development. METHODS We administered 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia to neonatal rats for a duration of 4 h at postnatal day 7 (PND7). Anxiety levels were assessed using the open field test at PND28, while cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris water maze test between PND31 and PND34. Protein levels of NKCC1, KCC2, BDNF, and phosphorylated ERK (P-ERK) in the hippocampus were measured through Western blotting analysis. Pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified using ELISA. RESULTS We observed a decrease in locomotion trajectories within the central region and a significantly shorter total distance in the ISO group compared to CON pups, indicating that isoflurane induces anxiety-like behavior. In the Morris water maze (MWM) test, rats exposed to isoflurane exhibited prolonged escape latency onto the platform. Additionally, isoflurane administration resulted in reduced time spent crossing in the MWM experiment at PND34, suggesting long-term impairment of memory function. Furthermore, we found that isoflurane triggered activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α; downregulated KCC2/BDNF/P-ERK expression; and increased the NKCC1/KCC2 ratio in the hippocampus of PND7 rats. Bumetadine (NKCC1 specific inhibitors) reversed cognitive damage and effective disorder induced by isoflurane in neonatal rats by inhibiting TNF-α activation, normalizing IL-6 and IL-1β levels, restoring KCC2 expression levels as well as BDNF and ERK signaling pathways. Based on these findings, it can be speculated that BDNF, P-ERK, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF - α may act downstream of the NKCC1/KCC2 pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide evidence that isoflurane administration in neonatal rats leads to persistent cognitive deficits through dysregulation of the Cation-Chloride Cotransporters NKCC1 and KCC2, BDNF, p-ERK proteins, as well as neuroinflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongni Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Shiyu Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Meixian Sun
- The Eighth People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yu Hong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 107 Yanjiang West Road, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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