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Tsuboi D, Nagai T, Yoshimoto J, Kaibuchi K. Neuromodulator regulation and emotions: insights from the crosstalk of cell signaling. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1376762. [PMID: 38516040 PMCID: PMC10954900 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1376762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The unraveling of the regulatory mechanisms that govern neuronal excitability is a major challenge for neuroscientists worldwide. Neurotransmitters play a critical role in maintaining the balance between excitatory and inhibitory activity in the brain. The balance controls cognitive functions and emotional responses. Glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are the primary excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters of the brain, respectively. Disruptions in the balance between excitatory and inhibitory transmission are implicated in several psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders, depression, and schizophrenia. Neuromodulators such as dopamine and acetylcholine control cognition and emotion by regulating the excitatory/inhibitory balance initiated by glutamate and GABA. Dopamine is closely associated with reward-related behaviors, while acetylcholine plays a role in aversive and attentional behaviors. Although the physiological roles of neuromodulators have been extensively studied neuroanatomically and electrophysiologically, few researchers have explored the interplay between neuronal excitability and cell signaling and the resulting impact on emotion regulation. This review provides an in-depth understanding of "cell signaling crosstalk" in the context of neuronal excitability and emotion regulation. It also anticipates that the next generation of neurochemical analyses, facilitated by integrated phosphorylation studies, will shed more light on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tsuboi
- Division of Cell Biology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taku Nagai
- Division of Behavioral Neuropharmacology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Junichiro Yoshimoto
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kozo Kaibuchi
- Division of Cell Biology, International Center for Brain Science, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan
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Wang C, Zhou C, Guo T, Jiaerken Y, Yang S, Xu X, Hu L, Huang P, Xu X, Zhang M. Current coffee consumption is associated with decreased striatal dopamine transporter availability in Parkinson's disease patients and healthy controls. BMC Med 2023; 21:272. [PMID: 37491235 PMCID: PMC10369815 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-023-02994-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee is the most widely consumed psychostimulant worldwide. Emerging evidence indicates that coffee consumption habit significantly reduces the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the effect of coffee consumption on nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration is still largely unknown. We therefore aim to investigate the role of coffee consumption in nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurodegeneration using dopamine transporter (DAT) imaging in PD and healthy controls (HC). METHODS A total of 138 PD patients and 75 HC with questionnaires about coffee consumption, and DAT scans were recruited from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative cohort. Demographic, clinical, and striatal DAT characteristics were compared across subgroups of current, former, and never coffee consumers in PD and HC, respectively. Furthermore, partial correlation analyses were performed to determine whether there was a relationship between coffee cups consumed per day and striatal DAT characteristics in each striatal region. In addition, the factors that may have influenced the loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons were included in multiple linear regression analyses to identify significant contributing factors to DAT availability in each striatal region. RESULTS PD patients had lower DAT availability in each striatal region than HC (p < 0.001). In PD patients, there were significant differences in DAT availability in the caudate (p = 0.008, Bonferroni corrected) across three PD subgroups. Specifically, post hoc tests showed that current coffee consumers had significantly lower DAT availability in the caudate than former coffee consumers (p = 0.01) and never coffee consumers (p = 0.022). In HC, there were significant differences in DAT availability in the caudate (p = 0.031, Bonferroni uncorrected) across three HC subgroups. Specifically, post hoc tests showed that current coffee consumers had significantly lower DAT availability in the caudate than former coffee consumers (p = 0.022). Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that cups per day were negatively correlated with DAT availability in the caudate in current consumers of PD patients (r = - 0.219, p = 0.047). In addition, multiple linear regression analyses showed that current coffee consumption remained an independent predictor of decreased DAT availability in the caudate in PD patients and HC. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that current coffee consumption is associated with decreased striatal DAT availability in the caudate. However, the effects of caffeine on striatal DAT may fade and disappear after quitting coffee consumption. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01141023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Guo
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yeerfan Jiaerken
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Siyu Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaopei Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Hu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Hangzhou Women's Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Peiyu Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No.88 Jiefang Road, Shangcheng District, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China
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3
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Rahimi MR, Semenova EA, Larin AK, Kulemin NA, Generozov EV, Łubkowska B, Ahmetov II, Golpasandi H. The ADORA2A TT Genotype Is Associated with Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Caffeine in Response to Resistance Exercise and Habitual Coffee Intake. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071634. [PMID: 37049474 PMCID: PMC10097079 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is an adenosine A2A receptor (ADORA2A) antagonist with ergogenic and anti-inflammatory effects. Previous studies have reported that the ADORA2A gene regulates glutamate metabolism and immune responses, with the ADORA2A rs5751876 TT genotype (with high sensitivity to caffeine) showing larger ergogenic effect following caffeine ingestion. We therefore hypothesized that the TT genotype would be associated with greater anti-inflammatory effects of caffeine in response to exercise, and with higher coffee intake in physically active individuals. The aim of the present study was twofold: (1) to investigate the association of the ADORA2A variant with the anti-inflammatory effects of caffeine in response to intense resistance exercise (RE), and (2) to analyze the association of the rs5751876 with coffee intake in physically active individuals (n = 134). Fifteen resistance-trained athletes participated in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled cross-over study, where they consumed 6 mg/kg of caffeine or placebo one hour prior to performing an RE protocol. Blood samples were taken immediately from the arterial vein before, immediately after, and 15 min after RE for the analysis of inflammatory markers myeloperoxidase (MPO) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). We found that the ADORA2A TT genotype carriers experienced lower exercise-induced inflammatory responses (p < 0.05 for AchE) when compared to the C allele carriers (i.e., CC/CT) one hour following the ingestion of caffeine. Furthermore, the ADORA2A TT genotype was positively associated with coffee intake (p = 0.0143; irrespective of CYP1A2 rs762551 polymorphism). In conclusion, we found that the ADORA2A gene polymorphism is associated with anti-inflammatory effects of caffeine in response to resistance exercise, as well as with habitual coffee intake in physically active individuals.
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Tallis J, Guimaraes-Ferreira L, Clarke ND. Not Another Caffeine Effect on Sports Performance Study-Nothing New or More to Do? Nutrients 2022; 14:4696. [PMID: 36364958 PMCID: PMC9658326 DOI: 10.3390/nu14214696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance-enhancing potential of acute caffeine consumption is firmly established with benefits for many aspects of physical performance and cognitive function summarised in a number of meta-analyses. Despite this, there remains near exponential growth in research articles examining the ergogenic effects of caffeine. Many such studies are confirmatory of well-established ideas, and with a wealth of convincing evidence available, the value of further investigation may be questioned. However, several important knowledge gaps remain. As such, the purpose of this review is to summarise key knowledge gaps regarding the current understanding of the performance-enhancing effect of caffeine and justify their value for future investigation. The review will provide a particular focus on ten research priorities that will aid in the translation of caffeine's ergogenic potential to real-world sporting scenarios. The discussion presented here is therefore essential in guiding the design of future work that will aid in progressing the current understanding of the effects of caffeine as a performance enhancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- Research Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
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Bougrine H, Cherif M, Chtourou H, Souissi N. Can caffeine supplementation reverse the impact of time of day on cognitive and short-term high intensity performances in young female handball players? Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:1144-1155. [PMID: 35603451 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2077747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
ABBREVIATIONS CAF: Caffeine PLC: Placebo SRT: Simple Reaction Time AT: Attention Test SJ: Squat Jump IAT: Illinois Agility Test OT: Oral Temperature QUEST: Questionnaire RPE: Rating of Perceived Exertion PD: Peak Distance TD: Total Distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houda Bougrine
- Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunisia
| | - Moncef Cherif
- High Institute of Sport and Physical Education Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunisia.,Sport Performance Research Unit, Health & Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education Ksar Saîd, Manouba University, Tunisia
| | - Hamdi Chtourou
- Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, University of Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Souissi
- Physical Activity Research Unit, Sport and Health (UR18JS01), National Observatory of Sports, Tunisia.,High Institute of Sport and Physical Education Ksar-Saïd, Manouba University, Tunisia
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Central Nervous System Stimulants Limit Caffeine Transport at the Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031862. [PMID: 35163784 PMCID: PMC8836437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeine, a common ingredient in energy drinks, crosses the blood-brain barrier easily, but the kinetics of caffeine across the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) has not been investigated. Therefore, 127 autopsy cases (Group A, 30 patients, stimulant-detected group; and Group B, 97 patients, no stimulant detected group) were examined. In addition, a BCSFB model was constructed using human vascular endothelial cells and human choroid plexus epithelial cells separated by a filter, and the kinetics of caffeine in the BCSFB and the effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a neuroexcitatory agent, were studied. Caffeine concentrations in right heart blood (Rs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were compared in the autopsy cases: caffeine concentrations were higher in Rs than CSF in Group A compared to Group B. In the BCSFB model, caffeine and 4-AP were added to the upper layer, and the concentration in the lower layer of choroid plexus epithelial cells was measured. The CSF caffeine concentration was suppressed, depending on the 4-AP concentration. Histomorphological examination suggested that choroid plexus epithelial cells were involved in inhibiting the efflux of caffeine to the CSF. Thus, the simultaneous presence of stimulants and caffeine inhibits caffeine transfer across the BCSFB.
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Tamilio RA, Clarke ND, Duncan MJ, Morris R, Grgic J, Tallis J. Can 3 mg·kg -1 of Caffeine Be Used as An Effective Nutritional Supplement to Enhance the Effects of Resistance Training in Rugby Union Players? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13103367. [PMID: 34684368 PMCID: PMC8539282 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study uniquely examined the effect of 3 mg·kg−1 chronic caffeine consumption on training adaptations induced by 7-weeks resistance training and assessed the potential for habituation to caffeine’s ergogenicity. Thirty non-specifically resistance-trained university standard male rugby union players (age (years): 20 ± 2; height (cm): 181 ± 7; body mass (kg): 92 ± 17) completed the study), who were moderate habitual caffeine consumers (118 ± 110 mg), completed the study. Using a within-subject double-blind, placebo-controlled experimental design, the acute effects of caffeine intake on upper and lower limb maximal voluntary concentric and eccentric torque were measured using isokinetic dynamometry (IKD) prior to and immediately following a resistance training intervention. Participants were split into strength-matched groups and completed a resistance-training program for seven weeks, consuming either caffeine or a placebo before each session. Irrespective of group, acute caffeine consumption improved peak eccentric torque of the elbow extensors (p < 0.013), peak concentric torque of the elbow flexors (p < 0.005), total eccentric work of the elbow flexors (p < 0.003), total concentric work of the knee extensors (p < 0.001), and total concentric and eccentric work of the knee flexors (p < 0.046) following repeated maximal voluntary contractions. Many of these acute caffeine effects were still prevalent following chronic exposure to caffeine throughout the intervention. The training intervention resulted in significant improvements in upper and lower body one-repetition maximum strength (p < 0.001). For the most part, the effect of the training intervention was equivalent in both the caffeine and placebo groups, despite a small but significant increase (p < 0.037) in the total work performed in the participants that consumed caffeine across the course of the intervention. These results infer that caffeine may be beneficial to evoke acute improvements in muscular strength, with acute effects prevalent following chronic exposure to the experimental dose. However, individuals that consumed caffeine during the intervention did not elicit superior post-intervention training- induced adaptations in muscular strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan A. Tamilio
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV 15FB, UK; (R.A.T.); (N.D.C.); (M.J.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Neil D. Clarke
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV 15FB, UK; (R.A.T.); (N.D.C.); (M.J.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Michael J. Duncan
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV 15FB, UK; (R.A.T.); (N.D.C.); (M.J.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Rhys Morris
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV 15FB, UK; (R.A.T.); (N.D.C.); (M.J.D.); (R.M.)
| | - Jozo Grgic
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia;
| | - Jason Tallis
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV 15FB, UK; (R.A.T.); (N.D.C.); (M.J.D.); (R.M.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Okada M. Can rodent models elucidate the pathomechanisms of genetic epilepsy? Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1620-1639. [PMID: 33689168 PMCID: PMC9291625 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (ADSHE; previously autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, ADNFLE), originally reported in 1994, was the first distinct genetic epilepsy shown to be caused by CHNRA4 mutation. In the past two decades, we have identified several functional abnormalities of mutant ion channels and their associated transmissions using several experiments involving single-cell and genetic animal (rodent) models. Currently, epileptologists understand that functional abnormalities underlying epileptogenesis/ictogenesis in humans and rodents are more complicated than previously believed and that the function of mutant molecules alone cannot contribute to the development of epileptogenesis/ictogenesis but play important roles in the development of epileptogenesis/ictogenesis through formation of abnormalities in various other transmission systems before epilepsy onset. Based on our recent findings using genetic rat ADSHE models, harbouring Chrna4 mutant, corresponding to human S284L-mutant CRHNA4, this review proposes a hypothesis associated with tripartite synaptic transmission in ADSHE pathomechanisms induced by mutant ACh receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Japan
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9
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Domaszewski P, Pakosz P, Konieczny M, Bączkowicz D, Sadowska-Krępa E. Caffeine-Induced Effects on Human Skeletal Muscle Contraction Time and Maximal Displacement Measured by Tensiomyography. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030815. [PMID: 33801251 PMCID: PMC8001539 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies on muscle activation time in sport after caffeine supplementation confirmed the effectiveness of caffeine. The novel approach was to determine whether a dose of 9 mg/kg/ body mass (b.m.) of caffeine affects the changes of contraction time and the displacement of electrically stimulated muscle (gastrocnemius medialis) in professional athletes who regularly consume products rich in caffeine and do not comply with the caffeine discontinuation period requirements. The study included 40 professional male handball players (age = 23.13 ± 3.51, b.m. = 93.51 ± 15.70 kg, height 191 ± 7.72, BMI = 25.89 ± 3.10). The analysis showed that in the experimental group the values of examined parameters were significantly reduced (p ≤ 0.001) (contraction time: before = 20.60 ± 2.58 ms/ after = 18.43 ± 3.05 ms; maximal displacement: before = 2.32 ± 0.80 mm/after = 1.69 ± 0.51 mm). No significant changes were found in the placebo group. The main achievement of this research was to demonstrate that caffeine at a dose of 9 mg/kg in professional athletes who regularly consume products rich in caffeine has a direct positive effect on the mechanical activity of skeletal muscle stimulated by an electric pulse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Domaszewski
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland; (M.K.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: (P.D.); (P.P.); Tel.: +48-774498330 (P.D.); +48-774498321 (P.P.)
| | - Paweł Pakosz
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland; (M.K.); (D.B.)
- Correspondence: (P.D.); (P.P.); Tel.: +48-774498330 (P.D.); +48-774498321 (P.P.)
| | - Mariusz Konieczny
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland; (M.K.); (D.B.)
| | - Dawid Bączkowicz
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Opole University of Technology, 45-758 Opole, Poland; (M.K.); (D.B.)
| | - Ewa Sadowska-Krępa
- Institute of Sport Sciences, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Poland;
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Abstract
Addiction is commonly identified with habitual nonmedical self-administration of drugs. It is usually defined by characteristics of intoxication or by characteristics of withdrawal symptoms. Such addictions can also be defined in terms of the brain mechanisms they activate; most addictive drugs cause elevations in extracellular levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine. Animals unable to synthesize or use dopamine lack the conditioned reflexes discussed by Pavlov or the appetitive behavior discussed by Craig; they have only unconditioned consummatory reflexes. Burst discharges (phasic firing) of dopamine-containing neurons are necessary to establish long-term memories associating predictive stimuli with rewards and punishers. Independent discharges of dopamine neurons (tonic or pacemaker firing) determine the motivation to respond to such cues. As a result of habitual intake of addictive drugs, dopamine receptors expressed in the brain are decreased, thereby reducing interest in activities not already stamped in by habitual rewards.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy A Wise
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA; .,Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478, USA;
| | - Mykel A Robble
- Behavioral Genetics Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Belmont, Massachusetts 02478, USA;
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Possible synergies between isatin, an endogenous MAO inhibitor, and antiparkinsonian agents on the dopamine release from striatum of freely moving rats. Neuropharmacology 2020; 171:108083. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.108083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Fukuyama K, Fukuzawa M, Shiroyama T, Okada M. Pathomechanism of nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia in autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy with S284L-mutant α4 subunit of nicotinic ACh receptor. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110070. [PMID: 32169758 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To study the pathomechanism and pathophysiology of nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia of autosomal dominant sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (ADSHE), this study determined functional abnormalities in thalamic hyperdirect pathway from reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN), motor thalamic nuclei (MoTN), subthalamic nucleus (STN) to substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) of transgenic rats (S286L-TG) bearing S286 L missense mutation of rat Chrna4 gene, which corresponds to the S284 L mutation in the human CHRNA4 gene. The activation of α4β2-nAChR in the RTN increased GABA release in MoTN resulting in reduced glutamatergic transmission in thalamic hyperdirect pathway of wild-type. Contrary to wild-type, activation of S286L-mutant α4β2-nAChR (loss-of-function) in the RTN relatively enhanced glutamatergic transmission in thalamic hyperdirect pathway of S286L-TG via impaired GABAergic inhibition in intra-thalamic (RTN-MoTN) pathway. These functional abnormalities in glutamatergic transmission in hyperdirect pathway contribute to the pathomechanism of electrophysiologically negative nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia of S286L-TG. Therapeutic-relevant concentration of zonisamide (ZNS) inhibited the glutamatergic transmission in the hyperdirect pathway via activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (II-mGluR) in MoTN and STN. The present results suggest that S286L-mutant α4β2-nAChR induces GABAergic disinhibition in intra-thalamic (RTN-MoTN) pathway and hyperactivation of glutamatergic transmission in thalamic hyperdirect pathway (MoTN-STN-SNr), possibly contributing to the pathomechanism of nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia of ADSHE patients with S284L mutant CHRNA4. Inhibition of glutamatergic transmission in thalamic hyperdirect pathway induced by ZNS via activation of II-mGluR may be involved, at least partially, in ZNS-sensitive nocturnal paroxysmal dystonia of ADSHE patients with S284L mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouji Fukuyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Masashi Fukuzawa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki. 036-8560, Japan.
| | - Takashi Shiroyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Motohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
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Lee JB, Lee HJ, Lee SJ, Kim TW. Blood dopamine level enhanced by caffeine in men after treadmill running. CHINESE J PHYSIOL 2019; 62:279-284. [PMID: 31793465 DOI: 10.4103/cjp.cjp_59_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma dopamine and serum serotonin levels in humans with and without caffeine (CAFF) ingestion during treadmill running exercise. Thirty male volunteers participated in the randomized experiment involving two groups: CON (n = 15, 200 mL of tap water) versus CAFF (n = 15, 3 mg/kg CAFF and 200 mL tap water). After treadmill running, the dopamine level was significantly increased in the CAFF group (P < 0.01) and was significantly higher than in the CON group (P < 0.01). Serotonin was significantly increased in both groups after treadmill running (P < 0.05). However, serotonin levels showed no significant statistical difference between the groups. Prolactin and cortisol were significantly increased in both groups after treadmill running (P < 0.01). However, there was no significant statistical difference between groups. β-endorphin level was significantly increased in the CAFF group at after treadmill running (P < 0.01) and was significantly higher than in CON after treadmill running (P < 0.01). In conclusion, 3 mg/kg CAFF ingestion before treadmill running stimulated dopamine release without inhibiting serotonin, which may reduce central fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Beom Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hye-Jin Lee
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seung-Jea Lee
- Department of Medical Sciences, Soonchunhyang University, Asan-Si, Korea
| | - Tae-Wook Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan, Korea
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Martin K, Meeusen R, Thompson KG, Keegan R, Rattray B. Mental Fatigue Impairs Endurance Performance: A Physiological Explanation. Sports Med 2019; 48:2041-2051. [PMID: 29923147 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0946-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Mental fatigue reflects a change in psychobiological state, caused by prolonged periods of demanding cognitive activity. It has been well documented that mental fatigue impairs cognitive performance; however, more recently, it has been demonstrated that endurance performance is also impaired by mental fatigue. The mechanism behind the detrimental effect of mental fatigue on endurance performance is poorly understood. Variables traditionally believed to limit endurance performance, such as heart rate, lactate accumulation and neuromuscular function, are unaffected by mental fatigue. Rather, it has been suggested that the negative impact of mental fatigue on endurance performance is primarily mediated by the greater perception of effort experienced by mentally fatigued participants. Pageaux et al. (Eur J Appl Physiol 114(5):1095-1105, 2014) first proposed that prolonged performance of a demanding cognitive task increases cerebral adenosine accumulation and that this accumulation may lead to the higher perception of effort experienced during subsequent endurance performance. This theoretical review looks at evidence to support and extend this hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy Martin
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - Romain Meeusen
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel Human Performance Research Group, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kevin G Thompson
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- New South Wales Institute of Sport, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard Keegan
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ben Rattray
- University of Canberra Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, Canberra, ACT, Australia
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Carbamazepine Attenuates Astroglial L-Glutamate Release Induced by Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines via Chronically Activation of Adenosine A 2A Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20153727. [PMID: 31366130 PMCID: PMC6695599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20153727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ) binds adenosine receptors, but detailed effects of CBZ on astroglial transmission associated with adenosine receptor still need to be clarified. To clarify adenosinergic action of CBZ on astroglial transmission, primary cultured astrocytes were acutely or chronically treated with CBZ, proinflammatory cytokines (interferon γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)), and adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) agonist (CGS21680). IFNγ and TNFα increased basal, adenophostin-A (AdA)-evoked, and 2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazol-4-yl)propanoic acid (AMPA)-evoked astroglial L-glutamate releases. In physiological condition, CGS21680 increased basal astroglial L-glutamate release but glutamate transporter inhibition prevented this CGS21680 action. CBZ did not affect basal release, whereas glutamate transporter inhibition generated CBZ-induced glutamate release. Furthermore, AdA-evoked and AMPA-evoked releases were inhibited by CBZ but were unaffected by CGS21680. Contrary to physiological condition, chronic administrations of IFNγ and TNFα enhanced basal, AdA-, and AMPA-evoked releases, whereas IFNγ and TNFα decreased and increased CGS21680-evoked releases via modulation A2AR expression. Both chronic administration of CGS21680 and CBZ suppressed astroglial L-glutamate release responses induced by chronic cytokine exposer. Especifically, chronic administration of CBZ and CGS21680 prevented the reduction and elevation of A2AR expression by respective IFNγ and TNFα. These findings suggest that A2AR agonistic effects of CBZ contribute to chronic prevention of pathomechanisms developments of several neuropsychiatric disorders associated with proinflammatory cytokines.
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Iranpour S, Sabour S. Inverse association between caffeine intake and depressive symptoms in US adults: data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2006. Psychiatry Res 2019; 271:732-739. [PMID: 30791349 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the association between caffeine consumption and depressive symptoms. We used data from the 2005-06 National Health and Nutritional Examination Surveys (NHANES). A total of 4737 individuals aged ≥ 18 years who answered the caffeine intake and PHQ-9 questionnaires were selected for this study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) with total scores between 0 and 27. Those with PHQ-9 total scores ≥ 10 were considered as having clinically relevant depression. To investigate the association of caffeine intake and PHQ-9 scores, a multiple logistic regression was used in different models. The overall weighted prevalence of depression was 5.5% (4.3% in men and 6.6% in women). After controlling for potential confounders (age, sex, family PIR, education, marital status, disease history, sleep disorders, thyroid problems, physical activity, social support, smoking, total energy, and cholesterol, retinol, vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-criptoxanthin, vitamin B1, iron, and phosphorus levels), a significant nonlinear inverse association between caffeine consumption and PHQ-9 scores was observed. In conclusion, caffeine's psychostimulant properties appear to protect against depressive symptoms; however, additional prospective studies are required to ascertain whether or not caffeine consumption can lead to a decrease in depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohrab Iranpour
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siamak Sabour
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Safety Promotions and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Grant SS, Magruder KP, Friedman BH. Controlling for caffeine in cardiovascular research: A critical review. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 133:193-201. [PMID: 29981767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Caffeine, the most widely consumed drug in the world, exerts numerous effects on cardiovascular activity. Thus, it is important and advisable to control for caffeine consumption in studies examining caffeine and/or cardiovascular activity and reactivity. This paper 1) reviews the literature concerning caffeine's effects on cardiovascular parameters; 2) summarizes the widely varying protocols used to control for the drug in extant cardiovascular literature, and 3) provide guidelines for caffeine control procedures to minimize potentially confounding acute and withdrawal effects of the drug. An abstention period equal to the average half-life of the drug is recommended for creation of methodological controls for caffeine. Additional methodological recommendations are described concerning factors that moderate the half-life of caffeine. When feasible, researchers should consider and aim to control for caffeine's acute and extended psychophysiological effects. This understudied issue has fundamental implications for caffeine-related investigations and research in psychophysiology and behavioral medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shara S Grant
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 109 Williams Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States of America.
| | - Katherine P Magruder
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Brogden Hall, 1202 West Johnson Street, Madison, WI 53706, United States of America.
| | - Bruce H Friedman
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 109 Williams Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States of America.
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Górska AM, Kamińska K, Wawrzczak-Bargieła A, Costa G, Morelli M, Przewłocki R, Kreiner G, Gołembiowska K. Neurochemical and Neurotoxic Effects of MDMA (Ecstasy) and Caffeine After Chronic Combined Administration in Mice. Neurotox Res 2018; 33:532-548. [PMID: 29134560 PMCID: PMC5871650 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-017-9831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) is a psychostimulant popular as a recreational drug because of its effect on mood and social interactions. MDMA acts at dopamine (DA) transporter (DAT) and serotonin (5-HT) transporter (SERT) and is known to induce damage of dopamine and serotonin neurons. MDMA is often ingested with caffeine. Caffeine as a non-selective adenosine A1/A2A receptor antagonist affects dopaminergic and serotonergic transmissions. The aim of the present study was to determine the changes in DA and 5-HT release in the mouse striatum induced by MDMA and caffeine after their chronic administration. To find out whether caffeine aggravates MDMA neurotoxicity, the content of DA and 5-HT, density of brain DAT and SERT, and oxidative damage of nuclear DNA were determined. Furthermore, the effect of caffeine on MDMA-induced changes in striatal dynorphin and enkephalin and on behavior was assessed. The DA and 5-HT release was determined with in vivo microdialysis, and the monoamine contents were measured by HPLC with electrochemical detection. DNA damage was assayed with the alkaline comet assay. DAT and SERT densities were determined by immunohistochemistry, while prodynorphin (PDYN) and proenkephalin were determined by quantitative PCR reactions. The behavioral changes were measured by the open-field (OF) test and novel object recognition (NOR) test. Caffeine potentiated MDMA-induced DA release while inhibiting 5-HT release in the mouse striatum. Caffeine also exacerbated the oxidative damage of nuclear DNA induced by MDMA but diminished DAT decrease in the striatum and worsened a decrease in SERT density produced by MDMA in the frontal cortex. Neither the striatal PDYN expression, increased by MDMA, nor exploratory and locomotor activities of mice, decreased by MDMA, were affected by caffeine. The exploration of novel object in the NOR test was diminished by MDMA and caffeine. Our data provide evidence that long-term caffeine administration has a powerful influence on functions of dopaminergic and serotonergic neurons in the mouse brain and on neurotoxic effects evoked by MDMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Górska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12 Street, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kamińska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12 Street, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wawrzczak-Bargieła
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Giulia Costa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Micaela Morelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuropsychopharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Ryszard Przewłocki
- Department of Molecular Neuropharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kreiner
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krystyna Gołembiowska
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12 Street, 31-343, Kraków, Poland.
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O’Connor J, O’Boyle K, Lowry J. Effects of a combination of 3,4-methylenedioxymeth amphetamine and caffeine on real time stimulated dopamine release in the rat striatum: Studies using fast cyclic voltammetry. J Neurosci Methods 2018; 300:216-223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Ballesteros-Yáñez I, Castillo CA, Merighi S, Gessi S. The Role of Adenosine Receptors in Psychostimulant Addiction. Front Pharmacol 2018; 8:985. [PMID: 29375384 PMCID: PMC5767594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenosine receptors (AR) are a family of G-protein coupled receptors, comprised of four members, named A1, A2A, A2B, and A3 receptors, found widely distributed in almost all human body tissues and organs. To date, they are known to participate in a large variety of physiopathological responses, which include vasodilation, pain, and inflammation. In particular, in the central nervous system (CNS), adenosine acts as a neuromodulator, exerting different functions depending on the type of AR and consequent cellular signaling involved. In terms of molecular pathways and second messengers involved, A1 and A3 receptors inhibit adenylyl cyclase (AC), through Gi/o proteins, while A2A and A2B receptors stimulate it through Gs proteins. In the CNS, A1 receptors are widely distributed in the cortex, hippocampus, and cerebellum, A2A receptors are localized mainly in the striatum and olfactory bulb, while A2B and A3 receptors are found at low levels of expression. In addition, AR are able to form heteromers, both among themselves (e.g., A1/A2A), as well as with other subtypes (e.g., A2A/D2), opening a whole range of possibilities in the field of the pharmacology of AR. Nowadays, we know that adenosine, by acting on adenosine A1 and A2A receptors, is known to antagonistically modulate dopaminergic neurotransmission and therefore reward systems, being A1 receptors colocalized in heteromeric complexes with D1 receptors, and A2A receptors with D2 receptors. This review documents the present state of knowledge of the contribution of AR, particularly A1 and A2A, to psychostimulants-mediated effects, including locomotor activity, discrimination, seeking and reward, and discuss their therapeutic relevance to psychostimulant addiction. Studies presented in this review reinforce the potential of A1 agonists as an effective strategy to counteract psychostimulant-induced effects. Furthermore, different experimental data support the hypothesis that A2A/D2 heterodimers are partly responsible for the psychomotor and reinforcing effects of psychostimulant drugs, such as cocaine and amphetamine, and the stimulation of A2A receptor is proposed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of drug addiction. The overall analysis of presented data provide evidence that excitatory modulation of A1 and A2A receptors constitute promising tools to counteract psychostimulants addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inmaculada Ballesteros-Yáñez
- Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Carlos A. Castillo
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, School of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Stefania Merighi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefania Gessi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Pharmacology Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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22
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Liu QS, Deng R, Fan Y, Li K, Meng F, Li X, Liu R. Low dose of caffeine enhances the efficacy of antidepressants in major depressive disorder and the underlying neural substrates. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28054436 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Shan Liu
- Center for Translational Neuroscience & China Minority Medicine and Nutrition; Minzu University of China; Beijing China
| | - Ran Deng
- Center for Translational Neuroscience & China Minority Medicine and Nutrition; Minzu University of China; Beijing China
| | - Yuyan Fan
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute & Pain Department; Beijing Tiantan Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Keqin Li
- Center for Translational Neuroscience & China Minority Medicine and Nutrition; Minzu University of China; Beijing China
| | - Fangang Meng
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute & Pain Department; Beijing Tiantan Hospital; Capital Medical University; Beijing China
| | - Xueli Li
- Experimental Center for Medicine; China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Beijing China
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Lab of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines; Institute of Materia Medica; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College; Beijing China
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23
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Pires A, Almeida Â, Calisto V, Schneider RJ, Esteves VI, Wrona FJ, Soares AMVM, Figueira E, Freitas R. Hediste diversicolor as bioindicator of pharmaceutical pollution: Results from single and combined exposure to carbamazepine and caffeine. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 188:30-8. [PMID: 27327394 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2016.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Several environmental stressors have been identified as key and/or emerging drivers of habitat change that could significantly influence marine near-shore ecosystems. These include increasing discharges of pharmaceutical contaminants into the aquatic coastal systems. Pharmaceutical drugs are often detected in aquatic environments but still information on their toxicity impacts on inhabiting species is scarce, especially when acting in combination. Furthermore, almost no information is available on the impacts of pharmaceuticals in polychaetes, often the most abundant taxon in benthic communities and commonly used as indicator species of environmental conditions. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the biochemical alterations induced in the polychaete Hediste diversicolor, from a low contaminated area at the Ria de Aveiro lagoon (Portugal), by the antiepileptic drug carbamazepine (0.0 - control, 0.3, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0μg/L) and the stimulant caffeine (0.0 - control, 0.5, 3.0, and 18.0μg/L), acting alone and in combination (0.3 CBZ+0.5 CAF and 6.0 CBZ+3.0 CAF). Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities was determined in Hediste diversicolor from each condition. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione reduced and oxidized (GSH and GSSG), glycogen and electron transport system (ETS) were also measured. The results obtained clearly revealed that both drugs induced oxidative stress in H. diversicolor, shown by the increase on LPO levels and decrease on total glutathione and GSH/GSSG ratio with the increase of exposure concentrations. Furthermore, the present findings demonstrated that polychaetes biotransformation capacity as well as antioxidant defense mechanisms were not sufficiently efficient to fight against the excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to LPO when organisms were exposed to both drugs. Our results also demonstrated that polychaetes tended to decrease the activity of ETS when exposed to drugs, avoiding energy expenditure which may prevent them from greater damages. The present study further revealed that the impacts induced by the combination of both drugs were similar to those obtained at the highest drugs concentrations acting alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adília Pires
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Ângela Almeida
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vânia Calisto
- Department of Chemistry & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rudolf J Schneider
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und - prüfung (BAM), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Frederick J Wrona
- Department of Geography David Turpin Building University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
| | | | - Etelvina Figueira
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Tallis J, Muhammad B, Islam M, Duncan MJ. Placebo effects of caffeine on maximal voluntary concentric force of the knee flexors and extensors. Muscle Nerve 2016; 54:479-86. [PMID: 26823128 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We examined the placebo effect of caffeine and the combined effect of caffeine and caffeine expectancy on maximal voluntary strength. METHODS Fourteen men completed 4 randomized, single-blind experimental trials: (1) told caffeine, given caffeine (5 mg/kg) (CC); (2) told caffeine, given placebo (CP); (3) told placebo, given placebo (PP); and (4) told placebo, given caffeine (PC). Maximal voluntary concentric force and fatigue resistance of the knee flexors and extensors were measured using isokinetic dynamometry. RESULTS A significant and equal improvement in peak concentric force was found in the CC and PC trials. Despite participants believing caffeine would evoke a performance benefit, there was no effect of CP. CONCLUSION Caffeine caused an improvement in some aspects of muscle strength, but there was no additional effect of expectancy. Performance was poorer in participants who believed caffeine would have the greatest benefit, which highlights a link between expected ergogenicity, motivation, and personality characteristics. Muscle Nerve 54: 479-486, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- School of Life Sciences, James Starley Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Bilal Muhammad
- School of Life Sciences, James Starley Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Mohammed Islam
- School of Life Sciences, James Starley Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Michael J Duncan
- School of Life Sciences, James Starley Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry, CV1 5FB, UK
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Abstract
Paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia (PNKD) is a rare chronic disorder characterized by intermittent, non-movement-related involuntary movements. The response to currently available therapies is inconsistent and temporary. We describe here a patient with infantile-onset PNKD who failed a number of pharmaceutical agents used alone or in combination. Treatment with oxcarbazepine resulted in a substantial reduction in the frequency and severity of episodes. The patient has been followed for 4 years now, and the outcome of treatment is consistently favorable. Oxcarbazepine has been effective in managing the kinesigenic form of this disorder; however, its use has never been reported in PNKD to our knowledge. Oxcarbazepine is safer and better tolerated than most of the drugs currently used for treating PNKD, but blinded clinical trials are needed to verify its efficacy in the management of this debilitating, often difficult-to-treat disease.
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GONGLACH ALEXANDERR, ADE CARLJ, BEMBEN MICHAELG, LARSON REBECCAD, BLACK CHRISTOPHERD. Muscle Pain as a Regulator of Cycling Intensity. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2016; 48:287-96. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000000767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zheng X, Hasegawa H. Administration of caffeine inhibited adenosine receptor agonist-induced decreases in motor performance, thermoregulation, and brain neurotransmitter release in exercising rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 140:82-9. [PMID: 26604076 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of an adenosine receptor agonist on caffeine-induced changes in thermoregulation, neurotransmitter release in the preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus, and endurance exercise performance in rats. One hour before the start of exercise, rats were intraperitoneally injected with either saline alone (SAL), 10 mg kg(-1) caffeine and saline (CAF), a non-selective adenosine receptor agonist (5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine [NECA]: 0.5 mg kg(-1)) and saline (NECA), or the combination of caffeine and NECA (CAF+NECA). Rats ran until fatigue on the treadmill with a 5% grade at a speed of 18 m min(-1) at 23 °C. Compared to the SAL group, the run time to fatigue (RTTF) was significantly increased by 52% following caffeine administration and significantly decreased by 65% following NECA injection (SAL: 91 ± 14.1 min; CAF: 137 ± 25.8 min; NECA: 31 ± 13.7 min; CAF+NECA: 85 ± 11.8 min; p<0.05). NECA decreased the core body temperature (Tcore), oxygen consumption, which is an index of heat production, tail skin temperature, which is an index of heat loss, and extracellular dopamine (DA) release at rest and during exercise. Furthermore, caffeine injection inhibited the NECA-induced decreases in the RTTF, Tcore, heat production, heat loss, and extracellular DA release. Neither caffeine nor NECA affected extracellular noradrenaline or serotonin release. These results support the findings of previous studies showing improved endurance performance and overrides in body limitations after caffeine administration, and imply that the ergogenic effects of caffeine may be associated with the adenosine receptor blockade-induced increases in brain DA release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyan Zheng
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, Hiroshima University, Higashihiroshima, Japan.
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Tallis J, Duncan MJ, James RS. What can isolated skeletal muscle experiments tell us about the effects of caffeine on exercise performance? Br J Pharmacol 2015; 172:3703-13. [PMID: 25988508 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2014] [Revised: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Caffeine is an increasingly popular nutritional supplement due to the legal, significant improvements in sporting performance that it has been documented to elicit, with minimal side effects. Therefore, the effects of caffeine on human performance continue to be a popular area of research as we strive to improve our understanding of this drug and make more precise recommendations for its use in sport. Although variations in exercise intensity seems to affect its ergogenic benefits, it is largely thought that caffeine can induce significant improvements in endurance, power and strength-based activities. There are a number of limitations to testing caffeine-induced effects on human performance that can be better controlled when investigating its effects on isolated muscles under in vitro conditions. The hydrophobic nature of caffeine results in a post-digestion distribution to all tissues of the body making it difficult to accurately quantify its key mechanism of action. This review considers the contribution of evidence from isolated muscle studies to our understating of the direct effects of caffeine on muscle during human performance. The body of in vitro evidence presented suggests that caffeine can directly potentiate skeletal muscle force, work and power, which may be important contributors to the performance-enhancing effects seen in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- Centre for Research in Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Michael J Duncan
- Centre for Research in Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - Rob S James
- Centre for Research in Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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Kuchinke L, Lux V. Caffeine improves left hemisphere processing of positive words. PLoS One 2012; 7:e48487. [PMID: 23144893 PMCID: PMC3492460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A positivity advantage is known in emotional word recognition in that positive words are consistently processed faster and with fewer errors compared to emotionally neutral words. A similar advantage is not evident for negative words. Results of divided visual field studies, where stimuli are presented in either the left or right visual field and are initially processed by the contra-lateral brain hemisphere, point to a specificity of the language-dominant left hemisphere. The present study examined this effect by showing that the intake of caffeine further enhanced the recognition performance of positive, but not negative or neutral stimuli compared to a placebo control group. Because this effect was only present in the right visual field/left hemisphere condition, and based on the close link between caffeine intake and dopaminergic transmission, this result points to a dopaminergic explanation of the positivity advantage in emotional word recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Kuchinke
- Department of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
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Killen LG, Green JM, O'Neal EK, McIntosh JR, Hornsby J, Coates TE. Effects of caffeine on session ratings of perceived exertion. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:721-7. [PMID: 22926324 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2480-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 08/11/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study examined effects of caffeine on session ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) following 30 min constant-load cycling. Individuals (n = 15) of varying aerobic fitness completed a [Formula: see text] max trial and two 30 min cycling bouts (double-blind, counterbalanced) following ingestion of 6 mL/kg of caffeine or matched placebo. RPE overall, legs and breathing were estimated every 5 min and session RPE was estimated 30 min post-exercise using the OMNI pictorial scale. Session RPE for caffeine and placebo trails were compared using paired t test. Between-trial comparisons of HR, RPE overall, RPE legs and RPE breathing were analyzed using an independent 2 (trial) × 6 (time point) repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) for each dependent variable. Caffeine resulted in a significantly lower session RPE (p < 0.05) for caffeine (6.1 ± 2.2) versus placebo (6.8 ± 2.1). Acute perceptual responses were significantly lower for caffeine for RPE overall (15, 20, 25, and 30 min), RPE breathing (15, 20, 25, and 30 min) and RPE legs (20 and 30 min). Survey responses post-exercise revealed greater feelings of nervousness, tremors, restlessness and stomach distress following caffeine versus placebo. Blunted acute RPE and survey responses suggest participants responded to caffeine ingestion. Caffeine decreased acute RPE during exercise which could partially account for lower session RPE responses. However, decreased session RPE could also reveal a latent analgesic affect of caffeine extending into recovery. Extending the understanding of session RPE could benefit coaches in avoiding overtraining when adjusting training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Killen
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Middle Tennessee State University, MTSU, Murphy Center, P O Box 96, Murfreesboro, TN 37132, USA.
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Mohamed WM, Hamida SB, Cassel JC, de Vasconcelos AP, Jones BC. MDMA: Interactions with other psychoactive drugs. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2011; 99:759-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2011.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 05/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Sinchai T, Plasen S, Sanvarinda Y, Jaisin Y, Govitrapong P, Morales NP, Ratanachamnong P, Plasen D. Caffeine potentiates methamphetamine-induced toxicity both in vitro and in vivo. Neurosci Lett 2011; 502:65-9. [PMID: 21803121 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2011.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Revised: 07/13/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Ya-Ba, a combination of the two potent psychostimulants methamphetamine (METH) and caffeine (CAF), is commonly used by drug abusers in Thailand and neighboring countries. While the neurotoxic effects of METH are well documented, the toxicity of this combination is mostly unknown. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of this particular drug combination using both in vitro and in vivo models. We found that combined treatment of METH and CAF at individually non-toxic concentrations significantly decreased viability of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. The reduction in cell survival was accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. In vivo data showed that combined administration of METH and CAF increased the mortality rate of rats, with an increase in the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), the indicator of oxidative stress, in striatal tissues. The results indicate that caffeine potentiates the toxic effects of methamphetamine, possibly via a mechanism involving an increase in dopamine release and excess ROS generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerin Sinchai
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Stagg CJ, Nitsche MA. Physiological basis of transcranial direct current stimulation. Neuroscientist 2011; 17:37-53. [PMID: 21343407 DOI: 10.1177/1073858410386614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1105] [Impact Index Per Article: 85.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Since the rediscovery of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) about 10 years ago, interest in tDCS has grown exponentially. A noninvasive stimulation technique that induces robust excitability changes within the stimulated cortex, tDCS is increasingly being used in proof-of-principle and stage IIa clinical trials in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. Alongside these clinical studies, detailed work has been performed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed effects. In this review, the authors bring together the results from these pharmacological, neurophysiological, and imaging studies to describe their current knowledge of the physiological effects of tDCS. In addition, the theoretical framework for how tDCS affects motor learning is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte J Stagg
- Centre for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
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Vanattou-Saïfoudine N, McNamara R, Harkin A. Mechanisms mediating the ability of caffeine to influence MDMA ('Ecstasy')-induced hyperthermia in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2010; 160:860-77. [PMID: 20590585 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.00660.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Caffeine exacerbates the hyperthermia associated with an acute exposure to 3,4 methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, 'Ecstasy') in rats. The present study investigated the mechanisms mediating this interaction. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with caffeine (10 mg x kg(-1); i.p.) and MDMA (15 mg x kg(-1); i.p.) alone and in combination. Core body temperatures were monitored before and after drug administration. KEY RESULTS Central catecholamine depletion blocked MDMA-induced hyperthermia and its exacerbation by caffeine. Caffeine provoked a hyperthermic response when the catecholamine releaser d-amphetamine (1 mg x kg(-1)) was combined with the 5-HT releaser D-fenfluramine (5 mg x kg(-1)) or the non-selective dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine (1 mg x kg(-1)) was combined with the 5-HT(2) receptor agonist DOI (2 mg x kg(-1)) but not following either agents alone. Pretreatment with the dopamine D(1) receptor antagonist Schering (SCH) 23390 (1 mg x kg(-1)), the 5-HT(2) receptor antagonist ketanserin (5 mg x kg(-1)) or alpha(1)-adreno- receptor antagonist prazosin (0.2 mg x kg(-1)) blocked MDMA-induced hyperthermia and its exacerbation by caffeine. Co-administration of a combination of MDMA with the PDE-4 inhibitor rolipram (0.025 mg x kg(-1)) and the adenosine A(1/2) receptor antagonist 9-chloro-2-(2-furanyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-C]quinazolin-5-amine 15943 (10 mg x kg(-1)) or the A(2A) receptor antagonist SCH 58261 (2 mg x kg(-1)) but not the A(1) receptor antagonist DPCPX (10 mg x kg(-1)) exacerbated MDMA-induced hyperthermia. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS A mechanism comprising 5-HT and catecholamines is proposed to mediate MDMA-induced hyperthermia. A combination of adenosine A(2A) receptor antagonism and PDE inhibition can account for the exacerbation of MDMA-induced hyperthermia by caffeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Vanattou-Saïfoudine
- Neuropsychopharmacology Research Group, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Caffeine reverses antinociception by oxcarbazepine by inhibition of adenosine A1 receptors: Insights using knockout mice. Neurosci Lett 2010; 473:178-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Revised: 02/10/2010] [Accepted: 02/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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González-Trujano ME, López-Meraz L, Reyes-Ramírez A, Aguillón M, Martínez A. Effect of repeated administration of Annona diversifolia Saff. (ilama) extracts and palmitone on rat amygdala kindling. Epilepsy Behav 2009; 16:590-5. [PMID: 19836312 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 09/23/2009] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Annonas are consumed as fresh fruits, but, because of their effects on the central nervous system, are also used in folk medicine. The effect on rat amygdala kindling of repeated administration of Annona diversifolia hexane (100mg/kg IP or PO) and ethanol (100mg/kg, PO) leaf extracts and palmitone (10mg/kg, IP) was determined. Electrographic and/or behavioral changes were monitored during kindling-induced seizures 60minutes after treatments. Antiepileptic efficacy was evaluated with respect to afterdischarge (AD) duration, spike frequency, and/or behavioral seizure activity. Oral administration of both extracts significantly decreased spike frequency, whereas intraperitoneally administered hexane extract and palmitone only reduced AD duration. Hexane extract and palmitone exhibited anticonvulsant properties and delayed establishment of a kindling state as observed with diazepam (0.3mg/kg IP). These results reinforce the anticonvulsant properties of this plant, and palmitone and other constituents are responsible for the pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma Eva González-Trujano
- Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico D.F., Mexico
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Davis
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Texas A&M University-Commerce, Commerce, Texas, USA.
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Kumar V, Ravishankar G. Current Trends in Producing Low Levels of Caffeine in Coffee Berry and Processed Coffee Powder. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/87559120802458099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors in mouse prefrontal cortex modulate acetylcholine release and behavioral arousal. J Neurosci 2009; 29:871-81. [PMID: 19158311 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4111-08.2009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
During prolonged intervals of wakefulness, brain adenosine levels rise within the basal forebrain and cortex. The view that adenosine promotes sleep is supported by the corollary that N-methylated xanthines such as caffeine increase brain and behavioral arousal by blocking adenosine receptors. The four subtypes of adenosine receptors are distributed heterogeneously throughout the brain, yet the neurotransmitter systems and brain regions through which adenosine receptor blockade causes arousal are incompletely understood. This study tested the hypothesis that adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors in the prefrontal cortex contribute to the regulation of behavioral and cortical arousal. Dependent measures included acetylcholine (ACh) release in the prefrontal cortex, cortical electroencephalographic (EEG) power, and time to waking after anesthesia. Sleep and wakefulness were also quantified after microinjecting an adenosine A(1) receptor antagonist into the prefrontal cortex. The results showed that adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptors in the prefrontal cortex modulate cortical ACh release, behavioral arousal, EEG delta power, and sleep. Additional dual microdialysis studies revealed that ACh release in the pontine reticular formation is significantly altered by dialysis delivery of adenosine receptor agonists and antagonists to the prefrontal cortex. These data, and early brain transection studies demonstrating that the forebrain is not needed for sleep cycle generation, suggest that the prefrontal cortex modulates EEG and behavioral arousal via descending input to the pontine brainstem. The results provide novel evidence that adenosine A(1) receptors within the prefrontal cortex comprise part of a descending system that inhibits wakefulness.
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Dissociations between motor timing, motor coordination, and time perception after the administration of alcohol or caffeine. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009; 202:719-29. [PMID: 18846366 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-008-1352-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 09/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE The impacts of psychoactive drugs on timing have usefully informed theories of timing and its substrates. OBJECTIVES The objectives of the study are to test the effects of alcohol and caffeine on the explicit timing involved in tapping with the implicit timing observed in the coordinated picking up of an object, and with the temporal discrimination. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants in the "alcohol" experiment (N = 16) received placebo, "low" (0.12 g/kg or 0.14 g/kg for women/men, respectively) or "high" (0.37 g/kg or 0.42 g/kg, respectively) doses of alcohol, and those in the "caffeine" experiment (N = 16) received placebo, 200 or 400 mg caffeine. Time production variability was measured by repetitive tapping of specified intervals, and sources of variance attributable to central timer processes and peripheral motor implementation were dissociated. The explicit timing in tapping was compared with the implicit timing in the coordinated picking up of an object. Time perception was measured as discrimination thresholds for intervals of similar duration. Drug effects on reaction time were also measured. RESULTS For tapping, alcohol significantly increased timer variability, but not motor variability; it did not affect coordination timing in the grip-lift task. Conversely, for time perception, the low dose of alcohol improved temporal discrimination. Caffeine produced no effects on any of the timing tasks, despite significantly reducing reaction times. CONCLUSIONS The effects of alcohol argue against a common clock process underlying time interval perception and production in the range below 1 s. In contrast to reaction time measures, time perception and time production appear relatively insensitive to caffeine.
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Calabrese EJ. Modulation of the Epileptic Seizure Threshold: Implications of Biphasic Dose Responses. Crit Rev Toxicol 2008; 38:543-56. [DOI: 10.1080/10408440802014261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Electrophysiology and pharmacology of striatal neuronal dysfunction induced by mitochondrial complex I inhibition. J Neurosci 2008; 28:8040-52. [PMID: 18685029 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1947-08.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Reduced activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain and in particular of complex I is implicated not only in the etiology of Parkinson's disease but also in other forms of parkinsonism in which striatal neurodegeneration occurs, such as progressive supranuclear palsy. The pesticide rotenone inhibits mitochondrial complex I and reproduces features of these basal ganglia neurological disorders in animal models. We have characterized the electrophysiological effects of rotenone in the striatum as well as potential neuroprotective strategies to counteract the detrimental effects of this neurotoxin. We found that rotenone causes a dose-dependent and irreversible loss of the corticostriatal field potential amplitude, which was related to the development of a membrane depolarization/inward current in striatal spiny neurons, coupled to an increased release of both excitatory amino acids and dopamine (DA). In particular, we have investigated whether glutamate, DA, and GABA systems might represent possible targets for neuroprotection against rotenone-induced striatal neuronal dysfunction. Interestingly, whereas modulation of glutamatergic transmission was not neuroprotective, blockade of D(2)-like but not D(1)-like DA receptors significantly reduced the rotenone-induced effects via a GABA-mediated mechanism. In addition, because antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) modulate multiple transmitter systems, we have analyzed the possible neuroprotective effects of some AEDs against rotenone. We found that carbamazepine, unlike other tested AEDs, exerts a potent neuroprotective action against rotenone-induced striatal neuronal dysfunction. This neuroprotection was observed at therapeutically relevant concentrations requiring endogenous GABA. Differential targeting of GABAergic transmission may represent a possible therapeutic strategy against basal ganglia neurodegenerative disorders involving mitochondrial complex I dysfunction.
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Müller-Vahl KR, Buddensiek N, Geomelas M, Emrich HM. The influence of different food and drink on tics in Tourette syndrome. Acta Paediatr 2008; 97:442-6. [PMID: 18307557 DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2008.00675.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by waxing and waning motor and vocal tics. Because standard medication often remains unsatisfactory, many patients seek alternative medicine. The aim of this study was to increase experience about the influence of food and drinks in TS. METHODS A standardized questionnaire was sent to 887 people recruited from our Tourette outpatient clinic and the German TS self-aid group. Respondents should assess whether 32 different foods influenced their tics. RESULTS Two hundred twenty-four questionnaires could be used for analyses. A significant positive correlation (tic deterioration) was found for caffeine- and theine-containing drinks such as coke (p<0.001), coffee (p<0.001) and black tea (p<0.001) as well as for preserving agents (p<0.001), refined sugar (p<0.001) and sweeteners (p<0.001). A significant negative correlation (tic improvement) was not found. CONCLUSIONS Results from this first survey investigating the influence of special foods and drinks on tics demonstrated that 34% and 47% of responders, respectively, assessed that coffee and coke deteriorate tics. It, therefore, can be speculated that caffeine may further stimulate an already overactive dopaminergic system in TS and thus increases tics. However, from these preliminary data, no further general recommendations regarding special diets and food restrictions can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten R Müller-Vahl
- Clinic of Psychiatry, Social Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Ataka S, Tanaka M, Nozaki S, Mizuma H, Mizuno K, Tahara T, Sugino T, Shirai T, Kajimoto Y, Kuratsune H, Kajimoto O, Watanabe Y. Effects of oral administration of caffeine and D-ribose on mental fatigue. Nutrition 2008; 24:233-8. [PMID: 18178380 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2007] [Revised: 11/05/2007] [Accepted: 12/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suzuka Ataka
- Department of Physiology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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O'Neill C, Nolan BJ, Macari A, O'Boyle KM, O'Connor JJ. Adenosine A1 receptor-mediated inhibition of dopamine release from rat striatal slices is modulated by D1 dopamine receptors. Eur J Neurosci 2007; 26:3421-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05953.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Schiffmann SN, Fisone G, Moresco R, Cunha RA, Ferré S. Adenosine A2A receptors and basal ganglia physiology. Prog Neurobiol 2007; 83:277-92. [PMID: 17646043 PMCID: PMC2148496 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2007.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2006] [Revised: 03/30/2007] [Accepted: 05/29/2007] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine A2A receptors are highly enriched in the basal ganglia system. They are predominantly expressed in enkephalin-expressing GABAergic striatopallidal neurons and therefore are highly relevant to the function of the indirect efferent pathway of the basal ganglia system. In these GABAergic enkephalinergic neurons, the A2A receptor tightly interacts structurally and functionally with the dopamine D2 receptor. Both by forming receptor heteromers and by targeting common intracellular signaling cascades, A2A and D2 receptors exhibit reciprocal antagonistic interactions that are central to the function of the indirect pathway and hence to basal ganglia control of movement, motor learning, motivation and reward. Consequently, this A2A/D2 receptors antagonistic interaction is also central to basal ganglia dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. However, recent evidence demonstrates that, in addition to this post-synaptic site of action, striatal A2A receptors are also expressed and have physiological relevance on pre-synaptic glutamatergic terminals of the cortico-limbic-striatal and thalamo-striatal pathways, where they form heteromeric receptor complexes with adenosine A1 receptors. Therefore, A2A receptors play an important fine-tuning role, boosting the efficiency of glutamatergic information flow in the indirect pathway by exerting control, either pre- and/or post-synaptically, over other key modulators of glutamatergic synapses, including D2 receptors, group I metabotropic mGlu5 glutamate receptors and cannabinoid CB1 receptors, and by triggering the cAMP-protein kinase A signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Schiffmann
- Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Campus Erasme, 808 route de Lennik, CP601, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.
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Camarasa J, Pubill D, Escubedo E. Association of caffeine to MDMA does not increase antinociception but potentiates adverse effects of this recreational drug. Brain Res 2006; 1111:72-82. [PMID: 16889759 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.06.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2006] [Revised: 06/27/2006] [Accepted: 06/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ecstasy (MDMA) street tablets often contain several other compounds in addition to MDMA, particularly caffeine. Then, it becomes necessary to study the consequences of caffeine plus MDMA combination. MDMA (1 mg/kg) elicited an analgesic response both at the spinal and supraspinal levels. However, when associated, MDMA and caffeine did not show any synergistic interaction. When caffeine was administered prior to MDMA, a potentiation of locomotor activity was observed, which consisted in an increase in maximal values and in a prolonged time of activity. In the neurotoxicity studies, a hyperthermic effect of MDMA was observed. Although caffeine alone failed to alter body temperature, it potentiated MDMA-induced hyperthermia. This association also significantly increased MDMA lethality (from 22% to 34%). Following administration of MDMA to rats, there was a persistent decrease in the number of serotonin transporter sites in the cortex, striatum and hippocampus, which was potentiated by caffeine co-treatment. This MDMA toxicity in rats was accompanied by a transient dopaminergic impairment in the striatum, measured as decreased [(3)H]WIN35428 binding sites, by 31% 3 days after treatment, which was not modified by caffeine. A transient down-regulation of 5-HT(2) receptors occurred in the cortex of MDMA-treated rats, whose recovery was slowed by co-treatment with caffeine. In conclusion, the association of MDMA with caffeine does not generate any beneficial effects at the antinociceptive level. The acute effects stemming from this association, in tandem with the final potentiation of serotonergic terminals injury, provide evidence of the potentially greater long-term adverse effects of this particular recreational drug combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Camarasa
- Unitat de Farmacologia i Farmacognòsia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Most neurological and psychiatric disorders involve selective or preferential impairments of neurotransmitter systems. Therefore, studies of functional transmitter pathophysiology in human brain are of unique importance in view of the development of effective, mechanism-based, therapeutic modalities. It is well known that central nervous system functional proteins, including receptors, transporters, ion channels, and enzymes, can exhibit high heterogeneity in terms of structure, function, and pharmacological profile. If the existence of types and subtypes of functional proteins amplifies the possibility of developing selective drugs, such heterogeneity certainly increases the likelihood of interspecies differences. It is therefore essential, before choosing animal models to be used in preclinical pharmacology experimentation, to establish whether functionally corresponding proteins in men and animals also display identical pharmacological profiles. Because of evidence that scaffolding proteins, trafficking between plasma membrane and intracellular pools, phosphorylation and allosteric modulators can affect the function of receptors and transporters, experiments with human clones expressed in host cells where the environment of native receptors is rarely reproduced should be interpreted with caution. Thus, the use of neurosurgically removed fresh human brain tissue samples in which receptors, transporters, ion channels, and enzymes essentially retain their natural environment represents a unique experimental approach to enlarge our understanding of human brain processes and to help in the choice of appropriate animal models. Using this experimental approach, many human brain functional proteins, in particular transmitter receptors, have been characterized in terms of localization, function, and pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Raiteri
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Farmacologia e Tossicologia, Viale Cembrano 4, 16148 Genova, Italy.
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Nobrega JN, Barlow KL, Raymond R, Richter A. Decreased adenosine receptor binding in dystonic brains of the dtsz mutant. Neuroscience 2005; 134:33-8. [PMID: 15961243 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2004] [Revised: 03/04/2005] [Accepted: 03/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In patients with paroxysmal non-kinesigenic dyskinesias, episodes of dystonia can be provoked by stress and also by methylxanthines (e.g. caffeine), which inhibit adenosine A(1)/A(2A) receptors. In the dt(sz) mutant hamster, a model of this movement disorder, adenosine A(1) receptor antagonists were previously found to worsen dystonia, while adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptor agonists exerted pronounced beneficial effects. Therefore, in the present study, adenosine receptor A(1) and A(2A) binding was determined by autoradiographic analyses in dt(sz) hamsters under basal conditions, i.e. in the absence of a dystonic attack, and in a group of mutant hamsters which exhibited severe stress-induced dystonic attacks prior to kill. In comparison with non-dystonic control hamsters, [(3)H]DPCPX (8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine) binding to adenosine A(1) receptors and [(3)H]CGS 21680 (2p-(2carboxyethylphen-ethylamino-5'-N-ethlycarboxamindoadenosine) binding to adenosine A(2A) receptors were significantly lower throughout the brain of dystonic animals. Under normal resting conditions, mutant hamsters showed significant decreases in adenosine A(1) (-12 to-42%) and in A(2A) (-19 to-34%) receptor binding compared with controls. Stressful stimulation increased adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptor binding in almost all brain regions in both control and dystonic hamsters. The stress-induced increase was more marked in mutant hamsters, leading to a disappearance of differences in most regions compared with stimulated controls, except the striatum. In view of previous findings of striking beneficial effects of adenosine A(1) and A(2A) receptor agonists and of striatal dysfunctions in the dt(sz) mutant, the reduced adenosine receptor binding may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of paroxysmal dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Nobrega
- Neuroimaging Research Section, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8 Canada
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