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Kumar A, Ye C, Nkansah A, Decoville T, Fogo GM, Sajjakulnukit P, Reynolds MB, Zhang L, Quaye O, Seo YA, Sanderson TH, Lyssiotis CA, Chang CH. Iron regulates the quiescence of naive CD4 T cells by controlling mitochondria and cellular metabolism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2318420121. [PMID: 38621136 PMCID: PMC11047099 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2318420121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
In response to an immune challenge, naive T cells undergo a transition from a quiescent to an activated state acquiring the effector function. Concurrently, these T cells reprogram cellular metabolism, which is regulated by iron. We and others have shown that iron homeostasis controls proliferation and mitochondrial function, but the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Given that iron derived from heme makes up a large portion of the cellular iron pool, we investigated iron homeostasis in T cells using mice with a T cell-specific deletion of the heme exporter, FLVCR1 [referred to as knockout (KO)]. Our finding revealed that maintaining heme and iron homeostasis is essential to keep naive T cells in a quiescent state. KO naive CD4 T cells exhibited an iron-overloaded phenotype, with increased spontaneous proliferation and hyperactive mitochondria. This was evidenced by reduced IL-7R and IL-15R levels but increased CD5 and Nur77 expression. Upon activation, however, KO CD4 T cells have defects in proliferation, IL-2 production, and mitochondrial functions. Iron-overloaded CD4 T cells failed to induce mitochondrial iron and exhibited more fragmented mitochondria after activation, making them susceptible to ferroptosis. Iron overload also led to inefficient glycolysis and glutaminolysis but heightened activity in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Overall, these findings highlight the essential role of iron in controlling mitochondrial function and cellular metabolism in naive CD4 T cells, critical for maintaining their quiescent state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Chenxian Ye
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Afia Nkansah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, AccraG4522, Ghana
| | - Thomas Decoville
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Garrett M. Fogo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Peter Sajjakulnukit
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Mack B. Reynolds
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Li Zhang
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Osbourne Quaye
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, AccraG4522, Ghana
| | - Young-Ah Seo
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Thomas H. Sanderson
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Costas A. Lyssiotis
- Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
| | - Cheong-Hee Chang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI48109
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2
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Mu J, Hirayama M, Morimoto K, Hori K. A Complex-Type N-Glycan-Specific Lectin Isolated from Green Alga Halimeda borneensis Exhibits Potent Anti-Influenza Virus Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4345. [PMID: 38673930 PMCID: PMC11050134 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Marine algal lectins specific for high-mannose N-glycans have attracted attention because they strongly inhibit the entry of enveloped viruses, including influenza viruses and SARS-CoV-2, into host cells by binding to high-mannose-type N-glycans on viral surfaces. Here, we report a novel anti-influenza virus lectin (named HBL40), specific for complex-type N-glycans, which was isolated from a marine green alga, Halimeda borneensis. The hemagglutination activity of HBL40 was inhibited with both complex-type N-glycan and O-glycan-linked glycoproteins but not with high-mannose-type N-glycan-linked glycoproteins or any of the monosaccharides examined. In the oligosaccharide-binding experiment using 26 pyridylaminated oligosaccharides, HBL40 only bound to complex-type N-glycans with bi- and triantennary-branched sugar chains. The sialylation, core fucosylation, and the increased number of branched antennae of the N-glycans lowered the binding activity with HBL40. Interestingly, the lectin potently inhibited the infection of influenza virus (A/H3N2/Udorn/72) into NCI-H292 cells at IC50 of 8.02 nM by binding to glycosylated viral hemagglutinin (KD of 1.21 × 10-6 M). HBL40 consisted of two isolectins with slightly different molecular masses to each other that could be separated by reverse-phase HPLC. Both isolectins shared the same 16 N-terminal amino acid sequences. Thus, HBL40 could be useful as an antivirus lectin specific for complex-type N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmin Mu
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (J.M.); (M.H.)
| | - Makoto Hirayama
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (J.M.); (M.H.)
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Kinjiro Morimoto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, Yasuhigashi 6-13-1, Asaminami-Ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan;
| | - Kanji Hori
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; (J.M.); (M.H.)
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama 1-4-4, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
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3
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Benavente MCR, Hakeem ZA, Davis AR, Murray NB, Azadi P, Mace EM, Barb AW. Distinct CD16a features on human NK cells observed by flow cytometry correlate with increased ADCC. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7938. [PMID: 38575779 PMCID: PMC10995120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58541-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells destroy tissue that have been opsonized with antibodies. Strategies to generate or identify cells with increased potency are expected to enhance NK cell-based immunotherapies. We previously generated NK cells with increased antibody-dependent cell mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) following treatment with kifunensine, an inhibitor targeting mannosidases early in the N-glycan processing pathway. Kifunensine treatment also increased the antibody-binding affinity of Fc γ receptor IIIa/CD16a. Here we demonstrate that inhibiting NK cell N-glycan processing increased ADCC. We reduced N-glycan processing with the CRIPSR-CAS9 knockdown of MGAT1, another early-stage N-glycan processing enzyme, and showed that these cells likewise increased antibody binding affinity and ADCC. These experiments led to the observation that NK cells with diminished N-glycan processing capability also revealed a clear phenotype in flow cytometry experiments using the B73.1 and 3G8 antibodies binding two distinct CD16a epitopes. We evaluated this "affinity profiling" approach using primary NK cells and identified a distinct shift and differentiated populations by flow cytometry that correlated with increased ADCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Rodriguez Benavente
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St., 30602, Athens, GA, Georgia
| | - Zainab A Hakeem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St., 30602, Athens, GA, Georgia
| | - Alexander R Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St., 30602, Athens, GA, Georgia
| | - Nathan B Murray
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Georgia
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St., 30602, Athens, GA, Georgia
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Georgia
| | - Emily M Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Adam W Barb
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 120 E. Green St., 30602, Athens, GA, Georgia.
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Georgia.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, Georgia.
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4
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Li H, Peralta AG, Schoffelen S, Hansen AH, Arnsdorf J, Schinn SM, Skidmore J, Choudhury B, Paulchakrabarti M, Voldborg BG, Chiang AW, Lewis NE. LeGenD: determining N-glycoprofiles using an explainable AI-leveraged model with lectin profiling. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.27.587044. [PMID: 38585977 PMCID: PMC10996628 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.27.587044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Glycosylation affects many vital functions of organisms. Therefore, its surveillance is critical from basic science to biotechnology, including biopharmaceutical development and clinical diagnostics. However, conventional glycan structure analysis faces challenges with throughput and cost. Lectins offer an alternative approach for analyzing glycans, but they only provide glycan epitopes and not full glycan structure information. To overcome these limitations, we developed LeGenD, a lectin and AI-based approach to predict N-glycan structures and determine their relative abundance in purified proteins based on lectin-binding patterns. We trained the LeGenD model using 309 glycoprofiles from 10 recombinant proteins, produced in 30 glycoengineered CHO cell lines. Our approach accurately reconstructed experimentally-measured N-glycoprofiles of bovine Fetuin B and IgG from human sera. Explanatory AI analysis with SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) helped identify the critical lectins for glycoprofile predictions. Our LeGenD approach thus presents an alternative approach for N-glycan analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Angelo G. Peralta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Sanne Schoffelen
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Anders Holmgaard Hansen
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Johnny Arnsdorf
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Song-Min Schinn
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jonathan Skidmore
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Biswa Choudhury
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Mousumi Paulchakrabarti
- Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Bjorn G. Voldborg
- National Biologics Facility Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Building 220, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby Denmark
| | - Austin W.T. Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nathan E. Lewis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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5
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Noel M, Cummings RD, Mealer RG. N-glycans show distinct spatial distribution in mouse brain. Glycobiology 2023; 33:935-942. [PMID: 37792804 PMCID: PMC10859635 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development and function of the brain requires N-linked glycosylation of proteins, which is a ubiquitous modification in the secretory pathway. N-glycans have a distinct composition and undergo tight regulation in the brain, but the spatial distribution of these structures remains relatively unexplored. Here, we systematically employed carbohydrate binding lectins with differing specificities to various classes of N-glycans and appropriate controls to identify glycan expression in multiple regions of the mouse brain. Lectins binding high-mannose-type N-glycans, the most abundant class of brain N-glycans, showed diffuse staining with some punctate structures observed on high magnification. Lectins binding specific motifs of complex N-glycans, including fucose and bisecting GlcNAc, showed more partitioned labeling, including to the synapse-rich molecular layer of the cerebellum. Understanding the spatial distribution of N-glycans across the brain will aid future studies of these critical protein modifications in development and disease of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Noel
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 300 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 300 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, United States
| | - Robert G Mealer
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, United States
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6
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Macke AJ, Pachikov AN, Divita TE, Morris ME, LaGrange CA, Holzapfel MS, Kubyshkin AV, Zyablitskaya EY, Makalish TP, Eremenko SN, Qiu H, Riethoven JJM, Hemstreet GP, Petrosyan AA. Targeting the ATF6-Mediated ER Stress Response and Autophagy Blocks Integrin-Driven Prostate Cancer Progression. Mol Cancer Res 2023; 21:958-974. [PMID: 37314749 PMCID: PMC10527559 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer progression to the lethal metastatic castration-resistant phenotype (mCRPC) is driven by αv integrins and is associated with Golgi disorganization and activation of the ATF6 branch of unfolded protein response (UPR). Overexpression of integrins requires N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (MGAT5)-mediated glycosylation and subsequent cluster formation with Galectin-3 (Gal-3). However, the mechanism underlying this altered glycosylation is missing. For the first time, using HALO analysis of IHC, we found a strong association of integrin αv and Gal-3 at the plasma membrane (PM) in primary prostate cancer and mCRPC samples. We discovered that MGAT5 activation is caused by Golgi fragmentation and mislocalization of its competitor, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-III, MGAT3, from Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This was validated in an ethanol-induced model of ER stress, where alcohol treatment in androgen-refractory PC-3 and DU145 cells or alcohol consumption in patient with prostate cancer samples aggravates Golgi scattering, activates MGAT5, and enhances integrin expression at PM. This explains known link between alcohol consumption and prostate cancer mortality. ATF6 depletion significantly blocks UPR and reduces the number of Golgi fragments in both PC-3 and DU145 cells. Inhibition of autophagy by hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) restores compact Golgi, rescues MGAT3 intra-Golgi localization, blocks glycan modification via MGAT5, and abrogates delivery of Gal-3 to the cell surface. Importantly, the loss of Gal-3 leads to reduced integrins at PM and their accelerated internalization. ATF6 depletion and HCQ treatment synergistically decrease integrin αv and Gal-3 expression and temper orthotopic tumor growth and metastasis. IMPLICATIONS Combined ablation of ATF6 and autophagy can serve as new mCRPC therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J. Macke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
- The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
| | - Artem N. Pachikov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
- The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
| | - Taylor E. Divita
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
- The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
| | - Mary E. Morris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
| | - Chad A. LaGrange
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
| | - Melissa S. Holzapfel
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
| | - Anatoly V. Kubyshkin
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Medical Academy named after S. I. Georgievsky, V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia, 295051
| | - Evgeniya Y. Zyablitskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Academy named after S. I. Georgievsky, V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia, 295051
| | - Tatiana P. Makalish
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Academy named after S. I. Georgievsky, V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia, 295051
| | - Sergey N. Eremenko
- Saint Luc’s Clinique, V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Simferopol, Russia, 295051
| | - Haowen Qiu
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA, 68588
| | - Jean-Jack M. Riethoven
- Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA, 68588
- Department of Statistics, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA, 68588
| | - George P. Hemstreet
- Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
- Omaha Western Iowa Health Care System Urology, VA Service, Department of Research Service, Omaha, NE, USA, 68105
| | - and Armen Petrosyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
- The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Omaha, NE, USA, 68198
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7
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Noel M, Cummings RD, Mealer RG. N-glycans show distinct spatial distribution in mouse brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.30.542954. [PMID: 37398169 PMCID: PMC10312599 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.30.542954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein N-linked glycosylation is a ubiquitous modification in the secretory pathway that plays a critical role in the development and function of the brain. N-glycans have a distinct composition and undergo tight regulation in the brain, but the spatial distribution of these structures remains relatively unexplored. Here, we systematically employed carbohydrate binding lectins with differing specificities to various classes of N-glycans and appropriate controls to identify multiple regions of the mouse brain. Lectins binding high-mannose-type N-glycans, the most abundant class of brain N-glycans, showed diffuse staining with some punctate structures observed on high magnification. Lectins binding specific motifs of complex N-glycans, including fucose and bisecting GlcNAc, showed more partitioned labeling, including to the synapse-rich molecular layer of the cerebellum. Understanding the distribution of N-glycans across the brain will aid future studies of these critical protein modifications in development and disease of the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Noel
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 United States
| | - Richard D. Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02215 United States
| | - Robert G. Mealer
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, United States
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8
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Hirata T, Harada Y, Hirosawa KM, Tokoro Y, Suzuki KG, Kizuka Y. N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V)-enriched small extracellular vesicles mediate N-glycan remodeling in recipient cells. iScience 2022; 26:105747. [PMID: 36590176 PMCID: PMC9794981 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted from cancer cells play pivotal roles in cancer metastasis and malignancy by transferring biomolecules and conditioning future metastatic sites. Studies have elucidated structures and functions of glycans on sEVs; however, whether sEVs remodel glycans in recipient cells remains poorly understood. Here, we examined the enzyme activity of glycosyltransferases for complex N-glycan biosynthesis in cancer-derived sEVs and discovered that cancer-related glycosyltransferase, N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V, a.k.a. MGAT5), is selectively enriched in sEVs among various glycosyltransferases. GnT-V in sEVs is a cleaved form, and cleavage by SPPL3 protease is necessary for loading GnT-V in sEVs. Fractionation experiments and single-particle imaging further revealed that GnT-V was enriched in non-exosomal sEVs. Strikingly, we found that enzymatically active GnT-V in sEVs was transferred to recipient cells and the N-glycan structures of recipient cells were remodeled to express GnT-V-produced glycans. Our results suggest GnT-V-enriched sEVs' role in glycan remodeling in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Hirata
- Laboratory of Glyco-biochemistry, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Harada
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Koichiro M. Hirosawa
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yuko Tokoro
- Laboratory of Glyco-biochemistry, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kenichi G.N. Suzuki
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Laboratory of Glyco-biochemistry, Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan,Corresponding author
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9
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Shedding of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V is regulated by maturity of cellular N-glycan. Commun Biol 2022; 5:743. [PMID: 35915223 PMCID: PMC9343384 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of N-glycan branches on glycoproteins is closely related to the development and aggravation of various diseases. Dysregulated formation of the branch produced by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V, also called as MGAT5) promotes cancer growth and malignancy. However, it is largely unknown how the activity of GnT-V in cells is regulated. Here, we discover that the activity of GnT-V in cells is selectively upregulated by changing cellular N-glycans from mature to immature forms. Our glycomic analysis further shows that loss of terminal modifications of N-glycans resulted in an increase in the amount of the GnT-V-produced branch. Mechanistically, shedding (cleavage and extracellular secretion) of GnT-V mediated by signal peptide peptidase-like 3 (SPPL3) protease is greatly inhibited by blocking maturation of cellular N-glycans, resulting in an increased level of GnT-V protein in cells. Alteration of cellular N-glycans hardly impairs expression or localization of SPPL3; instead, SPPL3-mediated shedding of GnT-V is shown to be regulated by N-glycans on GnT-V, suggesting that the level of GnT-V cleavage is regulated by its own N-glycan structures. These findings shed light on a mechanism of secretion-based regulation of GnT-V activity. Cleavage of the glycan-branching enzyme N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-V (GnT-V) by signal peptide peptidase-like 3 (SPPL3) protease and extracellular secretion of active glycan GnT-V depend on GnT-V’s own glycosylation state.
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10
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Byrd-Leotis L, Jia N, Matsumoto Y, Lu D, Kawaoka Y, Steinhauer DA, Cummings RD. Sialylated and sulfated N-Glycans in MDCK and engineered MDCK cells for influenza virus studies. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12757. [PMID: 35882911 PMCID: PMC9325728 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16605-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell line is an in vitro model for influenza A virus (IAV) infection and propagation. MDCK-SIAT1 (SIAT1) and humanized MDCK (hCK) cell lines are engineered MDCK cells that express N-glycans with elevated levels of sialic acid (Sia) in α2,6-linkage (α2,6-Sia) that are recognized by many human IAVs. To characterize the N-glycan structures in these cells and the potential changes compared to the parental MDCK cell line resulting from engineering, we analyzed the N-glycans from these cells at different passages, using both mass spectrometry and specific lectin and antibody binding. We observed significant differences between the three cell lines in overall complex N-glycans and terminal galactose modifications. MDCK cells express core fucosylated, bisected complex-type N-glycans at all passage stages, in addition to expressing α2,6-Sia on short N-glycans and α2,3-Sia on larger N-glycans. By contrast, SIAT1 cells predominantly express α2,6-Sia glycans and greatly reduced level of α2,3-Sia glycans. Additionally, they express bisected, sialylated N-glycans that are scant in MDCK cells. The hCK cells exclusively express α2,6-Sia glycans. Unexpectedly, hCK glycoproteins bound robustly to the plant lectin MAL-1, indicating α2,3-Sia glycans, but such binding was not Sia-dependent and closely mirrored that of an antibody that recognizes glycans with terminal 3-O-sulfate galactose (3-O-SGal). The 3-O-SGal epitope is highly expressed in N-glycans on multiple hCK glycoproteins. These results indicate vastly different N-glycomes between MDCK cells and the engineered clones that could relate to IAV infectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Byrd-Leotis
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Surgery and Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
- Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA CEIRS, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nan Jia
- Department of Surgery and Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery and Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Dongli Lu
- Department of Surgery and Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Influenza Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David A Steinhauer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA CEIRS, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery and Harvard Medical School Center for Glycoscience, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
- Centers for Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance, Emory-UGA CEIRS, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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11
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Kumada Y, Rakotondravao HM, Hasegawa Y, Iwashita Y, Okura H, Uchimura S, Horiuchi JI. Strategies for selection and identification of rabbit single-chain Fv antibodies as ligand in affinity chromatography. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 134:233-239. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Cao X, Wang S, Gadi MR, Liu D, Wang PG, Wan XF, Zhang J, Chen X, Pepi LE, Azadi P, Li L. Systematic synthesis of bisected N-glycans and unique recognitions by glycan-binding proteins. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7644-7656. [PMID: 35872821 PMCID: PMC9241959 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05435j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisected N-glycans represent a unique class of protein N-glycans that play critical roles in many biological processes. Herein, we describe the systematic synthesis of these structures. A bisected N-glycan hexasaccharide was chemically assembled with two orthogonal protecting groups attached at the C2 of the branching mannose residues, followed by sequential installation of GlcNAc and LacNAc building blocks to afford two asymmetric bisecting "cores". Subsequent enzymatic modular extension of the "cores" yielded a comprehensive library of biantennary N-glycans containing the bisecting GlcNAc and presenting 6 common glycan determinants in a combinatorial fashion. These bisected N-glycans and their non-bisected counterparts were used to construct a distinctive glycan microarray to study their recognition by a wide variety of glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), including plant lectins, animal lectins, and influenza A virus hemagglutinins. Significantly, the bisecting GlcNAc could bestow (PHA-L, rDCIR2), enhance (PHA-E), or abolish (ConA, GNL, anti-CD15s antibody, etc.) N-glycan recognition of specific GBPs, and is tolerated by many others. In summary, synthesized compounds and the unique glycan microarray provide ideal standards and tools for glycoanalysis and functional glycomic studies. The microarray data provide new information regarding the fine details of N-glycan recognition by GBPs, and in turn improve their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuefeng Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Shuaishuai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | | | - Ding Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Peng G. Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Xiu-Feng Wan
- MU Center for Research on Influenza Systems Biology (CRISB), University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA,Bond Life Sciences Center, University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA,Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, College of Engineering, University of MissouriColumbiaMOUSA
| | | | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of CaliforniaOne Shields AvenueDavisCAUSA
| | - Lauren E. Pepi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Parastoo Azadi
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
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13
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Vibhute AM, Tanaka HN, Mishra SK, Osuka RF, Nagae M, Yonekawa C, Korekane H, Doerksen RJ, Ando H, Kizuka Y. Structure-based design of UDP-GlcNAc analogs as candidate GnT-V inhibitors. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130118. [PMID: 35248671 PMCID: PMC9947920 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N-Glycan branching regulates various functions of glycoproteins. N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) is a GlcNAc transferase that acts on N-glycans and the GnT-V-producing branch is highly related to cancer progression. This indicates that specific GnT-V inhibitors may be drug candidates for cancer treatment. To design novel GnT-V inhibitors, we focused on the unique and weak recognition of the donor substrate UDP-GlcNAc by GnT-V. On the basis of the catalytic pocket structure, we hypothesized that UDP-GlcNAc analogs with increasing hydrophobicity may be GnT-V inhibitors. METHODS We chemically synthesized 10 UDP-GlcNAc analogs in which one or two phosphate groups were replaced with hydrophobic groups. To test these compounds, we set up an HPLC-based enzyme assay system for all N-glycan-branching GlcNAc transferases in which GnT-I-V activity was measured using purified truncated enzymes. Using this system, we assessed the inhibitory effects of the synthesized compounds on GnT-V and their specificity. RESULTS Several UDP-GlcNAc analogs inhibited GnT-V activity, although the inhibition potency was modest. Compared with other GnTs, these compounds showed a preference for GnT-V, which suggested that GnT-V was relatively tolerant of hydrophobicity in the donor substrate. Docking models of the inhibitory compounds with GnT-V suggested the mechanisms of how these compounds interacted with GnT-V and inhibited its action. CONCLUSIONS Chemical modification of the donor substrate may be a promising strategy to develop selective inhibitors of GnT-V. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our findings provide new insights into the design of GnT inhibitors and how GnTs recognize the donor substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amol M. Vibhute
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hide-nori Tanaka
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan,Corresponding authors Hidenori Tanaka, Ph.D., , Tel: +81-58-293-3451, Fax: +81-58-293-3452, Yasuhiko Kizuka, Ph.D., , Tel: +81-58-293-3356, Fax: +81-58-293-3209
| | - Sushil K. Mishra
- Glycoscience Center of Research Excellence, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Reina F. Osuka
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center (IFReC), Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Chizuko Yonekawa
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Korekane
- Disease Glycomics Team, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center, Global Research Cluster, RIKEN, Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Robert J. Doerksen
- Glycoscience Center of Research Excellence, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, MS 38677, USA
| | - Hiromune Ando
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu 501-1193, Japan.
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14
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Wang Y, He S, Zhou F, Sun H, Cao X, Ye Y, Li J. Detection of Lectin Protein Allergen of Kidney Beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Desensitization Food Processing Technology. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:14723-14741. [PMID: 34251800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c02801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the increase of food allergy events related to not properly cooked kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), more and more researchers are paying attention to the sensitization potential of lectin, one of the major storage and defensive proteins with the specific carbohydrate-binding activity. The immunoglobulin E (IgE), non-IgE, and mixed allergic reactions induced by the lectins were inducted in the current paper, and the detection methods of kidney bean lectin, including the purification strategies, hemagglutination activity, specific polysaccharide or glycoprotein interactions, antibody combinations, mass spectrometry methods, and allergomics strategies, were summarized, while various food processing aspects, such as the physical thermal processing, physical non-thermal processing, chemical modifications, and biological treatments, were reviewed in the potential of sensitization reduction. It might be the first comprehensive review on lectin allergen detection from kidney bean and the desensitization strategy in food processing and will provide a basis for food safety control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongfei Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Shudong He
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanlin Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanju Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Cao
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkang Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-process of Ministry of Education, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, People's Republic of China
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15
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A
Phaseolus vulgaris
Leukoagglutinin Biosensor as a Selective Device for the Detection of Cancer‐associated
N
‐glycans with Increased β1→6 Branching. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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16
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Harada Y, Ohkawa Y, Maeda K, Kizuka Y, Taniguchi N. Extracellular Vesicles and Glycosylation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1325:137-149. [PMID: 34495533 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-70115-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a generic term for any vesicles or particles that are released from cells, play an important role in modulating numerous biological and pathological events, including development, differentiation, aging, thrombus formation, immune responses, neurodegenerative diseases, and tumor progression. During the biogenesis of EVs, they encapsulate biologically active macromolecules (i.e., nucleotides and proteins) and transmit signals for delivering them to neighboring or cells that are located some distance away. In contrast, there are receptor molecules on the surface of EVs that function to mediate EV-to-cell and EV-to-matrix interactions. A growing body of evidence indicates that the EV surface is heavily modified with glycans, the function of which is to regulate the biogenesis and extracellular behaviors of EVs. In this chapter, we introduce the current status of our knowledge concerning EV glycosylation and discuss how it influences EV biology, highlighting the potential roles of EV glycans in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichiro Harada
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kento Maeda
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Center for Highly Advanced Integration of Nano and Life Sciences (G-CHAIN), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
- Institute for Glyco-core Research (iGCORE), Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.
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17
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Ezeabikwa B, Mondal N, Antonopoulos A, Haslam SM, Matsumoto Y, Martin-Caraballo M, Lehoux S, Mandalasi M, Ishaque A, Heimburg-Molinaro J, Cummings RD, Nyame AK. Major differences in glycosylation and Fucosyltransferase expression in low-grade versus high-grade bladder cancer cell lines. Glycobiology 2021; 31:1444-1463. [PMID: 34350945 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwab083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer is the ninth most frequently diagnosed cancer worldwide, and there is a need to develop new biomarkers for staging and prognosis of this disease. Here we report that cell lines derived from low-grade and high-grade bladder cancers exhibit major differences in expression of glycans in surface glycoproteins. We analyzed protein glycosylation in three low-grade bladder cancer cell lines RT4 (grade-1-2), 5637 (grade-2), and SW780 (grade-1), and three high-grade bladder cancer cell lines J82COT (grade-3), T24 (grade-3), and TCCSUP (grade-4), with primary bladder epithelial cells, A/T/N, serving as a normal bladder cell control. Using a variety of approaches including flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, glycomics, and gene expression analysis, we observed that the low-grade bladder cancer cell lines RT4, 5637, and SW780 express high levels of the fucosylated Lewis x (Lex) antigen (CD15) (Galβ1-4(Fucα1-3) GlcNAcβ1-R), while normal bladder epithelial A/T/N cells lack Lex expression. T24 and TCCSUP cells also lack Lex, whereas J82COT cells express low levels of Lex. Glycomics analyses revealed other major differences in fucosylation and sialylation of N-glycans between these cell types. O-glycans are highly differentiated, as RT4 cells synthesize core 2-based O-glycans that are lacking in the T24 cells. These differences in glycan expression correlated with differences in RNA expression levels of their cognate glycosyltransferases, including α1-3/4-fucosyltransferase genes. These major differences in glycan structures and gene expression profiles between low- and high-grade bladder cancer cells suggest that glycans and glycosyltransferases are candidate biomarkers for grading bladder cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Ezeabikwa
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Nandini Mondal
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yasuyuki Matsumoto
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Miguel Martin-Caraballo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Sylvain Lehoux
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Msano Mandalasi
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Ali Ishaque
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
| | - Jamie Heimburg-Molinaro
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center - Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Anthony K Nyame
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of Maryland Eastern Shore, Princess Anne, MD
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18
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Taniguchi N, Ohkawa Y, Maeda K, Harada Y, Nagae M, Kizuka Y, Ihara H, Ikeda Y. True significance of N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases GnT-III, V and α1,6 fucosyltransferase in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer. Mol Aspects Med 2020; 79:100905. [PMID: 33010941 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2020.100905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that numerous cancer-related changes occur in glycans that are attached to glycoproteins, glycolipids and proteoglycans on the cell surface and these changes in structure and the expression of the glycans are largely regulated by glycosyl-transferases, glycosidases, nucleotide sugars and their related genes. Such structural changes in glycans on cell surface proteins may accelerate the progression, invasion and metastasis of cancer cells. Among the over 200 known glycosyltransferases and related genes, β 1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (GnT-V) (the MGAT5 gene) and α 1,6 fucosyltransferase (FUT8) (the FUT8 gene) are representative enzymes in this respect because changes in glycans caused by these genes appear to be related to cancer metastasis and invasion in vitro as well as in vivo, and a number of reports on these genes in related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) have also appeared. Another enzyme, one of the N-glycan branching enzymes, β1,4 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III (GnT-III) (the MGAT3 gene) has been reported to suppress EMT. However, there are intermediate states between EMT and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) and some of these genes have been implicated in both EMT and MET and are also probably in an intermediate state. Therefore, it would be difficult to clearly define which specific glycosyltransferase is involved in EMT or MET or an intermediate state. The significance of EMT and N-glycan branching glycosyltransferases needs to be reconsidered and the inhibition of their corresponding genes would also be desirable in therapeutics. This review mainly focuses on GnT-III, GnT-V and FUT8, major players as N-glycan branching enzymes in cancer in relation to EMT programs, and also discusses the catalytic mechanisms of GnT-V and FUT8 whose crystal structures have now been obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoyuki Taniguchi
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuki Ohkawa
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kento Maeda
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yoichiro Harada
- Department of Glyco-Oncology and Medical Biochemistry, Osaka International Cancer Institute, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Masamichi Nagae
- Department of Molecular Immunology, RIMD, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiko Kizuka
- Glyco-biochemistry Laboratory, G-Chain, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Ihara
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Ikeda
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Saga, Japan.
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19
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Kinouchi S, Sato M, Furukawa H, Sato T. Suppression of Malignant Potentials of A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line by Downregulation of the β4-Galactosyltransferase 1 Gene Expression. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:747-751. [PMID: 32023576 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that downregulation of transcription factor Specificity protein (Sp) 1 suppresses the malignant potentials of A549 human lung cancer cell line with the reduced β4-galactosylation of highly branched N-glycans on cell surface glycoproteins. The reduced β4-galactosylation was brought about by the decreased expression of the β4-galactosyltransferase 1 (β4GalT1) gene. Herein, we examined whether the reduced β4-galactosylation by decreasing the β4GalT1 gene expression suppresses the malignant potentials of A549 cells. In the β4GalT1-downregulated cells, the β4-galactosylation of highly branched N-glycans was reduced in several glycoproteins such as lysosome-associated membrane protein-1 and E-cadherin. The anchorage-independent growth and migratory ability of the β4GalT1-downregulated cells decreased when compared with the control cells. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) decreased in the β4GalT1-downregulated cells. These results indicate that downregulation of the β4GalT1 gene decreases the β4-galactosylation of highly branched N-glycans and the phosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK, and suppresses the malignant potentials of A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeka Kinouchi
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Miku Sato
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Haruna Furukawa
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
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20
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Schedin-Weiss S, Gaunitz S, Sui P, Chen Q, Haslam SM, Blennow K, Winblad B, Dell A, Tjernberg LO. Glycan biomarkers for Alzheimer disease correlate with T-tau and P-tau in cerebrospinal fluid in subjective cognitive impairment. FEBS J 2020; 287:3221-3234. [PMID: 31889402 PMCID: PMC7496940 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a devastating disease and a global health problem, and current treatments are only symptomatic. A wealth of clinical studies support that the disease starts to develop decades before the first symptoms appear, emphasizing the importance of studying early changes for improving early diagnosis and guiding toward novel treatment strategies. Protein glycosylation is altered in AD but it remains to be clarified why these alterations occur and how they affect the disease development. Here, we used a glycomics approach to search for alterations in protein glycosylation in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in AD compared with nondemented controls. Using both matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight and liquid chromatography-electrospray mass spectrometry, we observed an increase in N-glycans carrying bisecting N-acetylglucosamine in AD. Based on those findings, we designed an enzyme-linked multiwell plate assay to quantify N-glycans binding to the lectin Phaseolus vulgaris Erythroagglutinin (PHA-E), which is specific for N-glycans containing bisecting N-acetylglucosamine. Using this assay, we found a similar increase in CSF in AD compared with controls. Further analysis of CSF from 242 patients with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or AD dementia revealed significantly increased binding to PHA-E in MCI and AD compared to SCI. Interestingly, PHA-E binding correlated with CSF levels of phosphorylated tau and total tau and this correlation was most prominent in the SCI group (R = 0.53-0.54). This study supports a link between N-glycosylation, neurodegeneration, and tau pathology in AD and suggests that glycan biomarkers have potential to identify SCI cases at risk of developing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Schedin-Weiss
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Stefan Gaunitz
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Ping Sui
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Qiushi Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | | | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Bengt Winblad
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Lars O Tjernberg
- Division of Neurogeriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
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21
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Cummings RD. "Stuck on sugars - how carbohydrates regulate cell adhesion, recognition, and signaling". Glycoconj J 2019; 36:241-257. [PMID: 31267247 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-019-09876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the fundamental biological processes by which complex carbohydrates expressed on cellular glycoproteins and glycolipids and in secretions of cells promote cell adhesion and signaling. We have also explored processes by which animal pathogens, such as viruses, bacteria, and parasites adhere to glycans of animal cells and initiate disease. Glycans important in cell signaling and adhesion, such as key O-glycans, are essential for proper animal development and cellular differentiation, but they are also involved in many pathogenic processes, including inflammation, tumorigenesis and metastasis, and microbial and parasitic pathogenesis. The overall hypothesis guiding these studies is that glycoconjugates are recognized and bound by a growing class of proteins called glycan-binding proteins (GBPs or lectins) expressed by all types of cells. There is an incredible variety and diversity of GBPs in animal cells involved in binding N- and O-glycans, glycosphingolipids, and proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycans. We have specifically studied such molecular determinants recognized by selectins, galectins, and many other C-type lectins, involved in leukocyte recruitment to sites of inflammation in human tissues, lymphocyte trafficking, adhesion of human viruses to human cells, structure and immunogenicity of glycoproteins on the surfaces of human parasites. We have also explored the molecular basis of glycoconjugate biosynthesis by exploring the enzymes and molecular chaperones required for correct protein glycosylation. From these studies opportunities for translational biology have arisen, involving production of function-blocking antibodies, anti-glycan specific antibodies, and synthetic glycoconjugates, e.g. glycosulfopeptides, that specifically are recognized by GBPs. This invited short review is based in part on my presentation for the IGO Award 2019 given by the International Glycoconjugate Organization in Milan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Cummings
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, CLS 11087 - 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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22
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Abstract
My initial research experience involved studying how bacteria synthesize nucleotide sugars, the donors for the formation of cell wall polysaccharides. During this time, I became aware that mammalian cells also have a surface coat of sugars and was intrigued as to whether these sugars might be arranged in specific sequences that function as information molecules in biologic processes. Thus began a long journey that has taken me from glycan structural analysis and determination of plant lectin-binding preferences to the biosynthesis of Asn-linked oligosaccharides and the mannose 6-phosphate (Man-6-P) lysosomal enzyme targeting pathway. The Man-6-P system represents an early example of a glycan serving as an information molecule in a fundamental cellular function. The remarkable advances in the field of glycobiology since I entered have uncovered scores of additional examples of oligosaccharide-lectin interactions mediating critical biologic processes. It has been a rewarding experience to participate in the efforts that have established a central role for glycans in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Kornfeld
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA;
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23
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Wu D, Li J, Struwe WB, Robinson CV. Probing N-glycoprotein microheterogeneity by lectin affinity purification-mass spectrometry analysis. Chem Sci 2019; 10:5146-5155. [PMID: 31183067 PMCID: PMC6524569 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc00360f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A lectin affinity purification-mass spectrometry approach to characterize lectin-reactive glycoproteoforms and elucidate lectin specificities at the intact protein level.
Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins that recognize specific epitopes present on target glycoproteins. Changes in lectin-reactive carbohydrate repertoires are related to many biological signaling pathways and recognized as hallmarks of several pathological processes. Consequently, lectins are valuable probes, commonly used for examining glycoprotein structural and functional microheterogeneity. However, the molecular interactions between a given lectin and its preferred glycoproteoforms are largely unknown due to the inherent complexity and limitations of methods used to investigate intact glycoproteins. Here, we apply a lectin-affinity purification procedure coupled with native mass spectrometry to characterize lectin-reactive glycoproteoforms at the intact protein level. We investigate the interactions between the highly fucosylated and highly branched glycoproteoforms of haptoglobin and α1-acid glycoprotein using two different lectins Aleuria aurantia lectin (AAL) and Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L), respectively. Firstly we show a co-occurrence of fucosylation and N-glycan branching on haptoglobin, particularly among highly fucosylated glycoproteoforms. Secondly, we analyze the global heterogeneity of highly branched glycoproteoforms of haptoglobin and α1-acid glycoprotein and reveal that while multi-fucosylation attenuates the lectin PHA-L binding to haptoglobin, it has no impact on AGP. Taken together, our lectin affinity purification native MS approach elucidates lectin specificities between intact glycoproteins, not achievable by other methods. Moreover, since aberrant glycosylation of Hp and AGP are potential markers for many diseases, including pancreatic, hepatic and ovarian cancers, understanding their interactions with lectins will help the development of carbohydrate-centric monitoring methods to understand their pathophysiological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , OX1 3QZ , Oxford , UK .
| | - Jingwen Li
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , OX1 3QZ , Oxford , UK .
| | - Weston B Struwe
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , OX1 3QZ , Oxford , UK .
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Department of Chemistry , University of Oxford , South Parks Road , OX1 3QZ , Oxford , UK .
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24
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Lee SU, Li CF, Mortales CL, Pawling J, Dennis JW, Grigorian A, Demetriou M. Increasing cell permeability of N-acetylglucosamine via 6-acetylation enhances capacity to suppress T-helper 1 (TH1)/TH17 responses and autoimmunity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214253. [PMID: 30913278 PMCID: PMC6435169 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) branching of Asn (N)-linked glycans inhibits pro-inflammatory T cell responses and models of autoimmune diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Metabolism controls N-glycan branching in T cells by regulating de novo hexosamine pathway biosynthesis of UDP-GlcNAc, the donor substrate for the Golgi branching enzymes. Activated T cells switch metabolism from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis. This reduces flux of glucose and glutamine into the hexosamine pathway, thereby inhibiting de novo UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and N-glycan branching. Salvage of GlcNAc into the hexosamine pathway overcomes this metabolic suppression to restore UDP-GlcNAc synthesis and N-glycan branching, thereby promoting anti-inflammatory T regulatory (Treg) over pro-inflammatory T helper (TH) 17 and TH1 differentiation to suppress autoimmunity. However, GlcNAc activity is limited by the lack of a cell surface transporter and requires high doses to enter cells via macropinocytosis. Here we report that GlcNAc-6-acetate is a superior pro-drug form of GlcNAc. Acetylation of amino-sugars improves cell membrane permeability, with subsequent de-acetylation by cytoplasmic esterases allowing salvage into the hexosamine pathway. Per- and bi-acetylation of GlcNAc led to toxicity in T cells, whereas mono-acetylation at only the 6 > 3 position raised N-glycan branching greater than GlcNAc without inducing significant toxicity. GlcNAc-6-acetate inhibited T cell activation/proliferation, TH1/TH17 responses and disease progression in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of MS. Thus, GlcNAc-6-Acetate may provide an improved therapeutic approach to raise N-glycan branching, inhibit pro-inflammatory T cell responses and treat autoimmune diseases such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Uk Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Glixis Therapeutics, LLC, Santa Rosa, California, United States of America
| | - Carey F. Li
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Christie-Lynn Mortales
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | - Judy Pawling
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James W. Dennis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ani Grigorian
- Glixis Therapeutics, LLC, Santa Rosa, California, United States of America
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
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25
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Lu Z, Kamat K, Johnson BP, Yin CC, Scholler N, Abbott KL. Generation of a Fully Human scFv that binds Tumor-Specific Glycoforms. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5101. [PMID: 30911061 PMCID: PMC6433917 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41567-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-specific glycosylation changes are an attractive target for the development of diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Periostin is a glycoprotein with high expression in many tumors of epithelial origin including ovarian cancer. Strategies to target the peptide portion of periostin as a diagnostic or therapeutic biomarker for cancer are limited due to increased expression of periostin in non-cancerous inflammatory conditions. Here, we have screened for antibody fragments that recognize the tumor-specific glycosylation present on glycoforms of periostin containing bisecting N-glycans in ovarian cancer using a yeast-display library of antibody fragments, while subtracting those that bind to the periostin protein with glycoforms found in non-malignant cell types. We generated a biotinylated form of a fully human scFv antibody (scFvC9) that targets the bisecting N-glycans expressed by cancer cells. Validation studies in vitro and in vivo using scFvC9 indicate this antibody can be useful for the development of diagnostic, imaging, and therapeutic applications for cancers that express the antigen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongpeng Lu
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Kalika Kamat
- SRI International Biosciences Division, Center for Cancer and Metabolism, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-3493, USA
| | - Blake P Johnson
- Ouachita Baptist University, Department of Biology, Arkadelphia, AR, 71998, USA
| | - Catherin C Yin
- SRI International Biosciences Division, Center for Cancer and Metabolism, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-3493, USA
| | - Nathalie Scholler
- SRI International Biosciences Division, Center for Cancer and Metabolism, Menlo Park, CA, 94025-3493, USA
| | - Karen L Abbott
- University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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26
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Luukkonen J, Hilli M, Nakamura M, Ritamo I, Valmu L, Kauppinen K, Tuukkanen J, Lehenkari P. Osteoclasts secrete osteopontin into resorption lacunae during bone resorption. Histochem Cell Biol 2019; 151:475-487. [PMID: 30637455 PMCID: PMC6542781 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-019-01770-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a non-collagenous extracellular sialylated glycoprotein located in bone. It is believed to be one of the key components in osteoclast attachment to bone during resorption. In this study, we characterized OPN and other glycoproteins found in the resorption lacunae to confirm the role of osteoclasts in OPN secretion using electron microscopy and mass spectrometry. Additionally, we examined the glycan epitopes of resorption pits and the effects of different glycan epitopes on the differentiation and function of osteoclasts. Osteoarthritic femoral heads were examined by immunohistochemistry to reveal the presence of OPN in areas of increased bone metabolism in vivo. Our results demonstrate that human osteoclasts secrete OPN into resorption lacunae on native human bone and on carbonated hydroxyapatite devoid of natural OPN. OPN is associated with an elevated bone turnover in osteoarthritic bone under experimental conditions. Our data further confirm that osteoclasts secrete OPN into the resorption pit where it may function as a chemokine for subsequent bone formation. We show that α2,3- and α2,6-linked sialic acids have a role in the process of osteoclast differentiation. OPN is one of the proteins that has both of the above sialic residues, hence we propose that de-sialylation can effect osteoclast differentiation in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jani Luukkonen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Meeri Hilli
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Miho Nakamura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland.,Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda, Tokyo, 1010062, Japan
| | - Ilja Ritamo
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Oy, Ratastie 2, 01620, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Leena Valmu
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Oy, Ratastie 2, 01620, Vantaa, Finland
| | - Kyösti Kauppinen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha Tuukkanen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Petri Lehenkari
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 5000, Aapistie 5, 90014, Oulu, Finland
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27
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Yale AR, Nourse JL, Lee KR, Ahmed SN, Arulmoli J, Jiang AYL, McDonnell LP, Botten GA, Lee AP, Monuki ES, Demetriou M, Flanagan LA. Cell Surface N-Glycans Influence Electrophysiological Properties and Fate Potential of Neural Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports 2018; 11:869-882. [PMID: 30197120 PMCID: PMC6178213 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the cellular properties controlling neural stem and progenitor cell (NSPC) fate choice will improve their therapeutic potential. The electrophysiological measure whole-cell membrane capacitance reflects fate bias in the neural lineage but the cellular properties underlying membrane capacitance are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that cell surface carbohydrates contribute to NSPC membrane capacitance and fate. We found NSPCs differing in fate potential express distinct patterns of glycosylation enzymes. Screening several glycosylation pathways revealed that the one forming highly branched N-glycans differs between neurogenic and astrogenic populations of cells in vitro and in vivo. Enhancing highly branched N-glycans on NSPCs significantly increases membrane capacitance and leads to the generation of more astrocytes at the expense of neurons with no effect on cell size, viability, or proliferation. These data identify the N-glycan branching pathway as a significant regulator of membrane capacitance and fate choice in the neural lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Yale
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jamison L Nourse
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kayla R Lee
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Syed N Ahmed
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Janahan Arulmoli
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Alan Y L Jiang
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lisa P McDonnell
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Giovanni A Botten
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Abraham P Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Edwin S Monuki
- Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Lisa A Flanagan
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Neurology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Sue & Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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28
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Wang Y, Chen S, Xu Z, Chen S, Yao W, Gao X. GLP-1 receptor agonists downregulate aberrant GnT-III expression in Alzheimer's disease models through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling. Neuropharmacology 2018; 131:190-199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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29
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Early effects on the intestinal barrier and pancreatic function after enteral stimulation with protease or kidney bean lectin in neonatal rats. Br J Nutr 2018; 119:992-1002. [PMID: 29457572 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114518000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gut maturation naturally accelerates at weaning in altricial mammalian species, such as the rat. Mimicking this, gut development can also be induced precociously, 3-4 d earlier than it would occur naturally, by enteral exposure to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), or various proteases. We investigated the early effects of gut provocation on intestinal barrier and pancreatic functions, to get a better understanding of the mechanisms that initiate gut maturation. The effects of oral administration of protease (trypsin) or PHA to 14-d-old suckling rats were studied during 24 h in comparison with water-fed controls. Intestinal in vivo permeability was assessed by oral administration of different-sized marker molecules and measuring their passage into the blood or urine 3 h later. A period of 24 h following oral administration, both PHA and protease provocation stimulated small intestinal (SI) growth and pancreatic secretion, as indicated by decreased pancreatic trypsin and increased luminal enzyme content. Within 1 h of oral administration, both treatments prevented the absorption of macromolecules to blood that was observed in controls. PHA treatment hindered the passage of fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD) 4 to blood, whereas protease treatment temporarily increased plasma levels of FD4, and the urine lactulose:mannitol ratio, indicating increased intestinal leakiness. Following protease treatment, fluorescence microscopy showed decreased vesicular uptake of FD70 in the proximal SI and increased epithelial fluorescence in the distal SI. In conclusion, PHA and protease differed in their early effects on the intestinal barrier; both exerted a blocking effect on epithelial endocytosis, whereas protease treatment alone temporarily increased epithelial leakiness, which seemed to be confined to the distal SI.
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30
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Hanashima S, Suga A, Yamaguchi Y. Bisecting GlcNAc restricts conformations of branches in model N-glycans with GlcNAc termini. Carbohydr Res 2018; 456:53-60. [PMID: 29274553 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Bisected N-glycans play significant roles in tumor migration and Alzheimer's disease through modulating the action and localization of their carrier proteins. Such biological functions are often discussed in terms of the conformation of the attached N-glycans with or without bisecting GlcNAc. To obtain insights into the effects of bisecting GlcNAc on glycan conformation, a systematic NMR structural analysis was performed on two pairs of synthetic N-glycans, with and without bisecting GlcNAc. The analysis reveals that terminal GlcNAcs and bisecting GlcNAc cooperate to restrict the conformations of both the α1-3 and α1-6 branches of N-glycans. 1H and 13C chemical shift comparisons suggest that bisecting GlcNAc directly modulates local conformation. Unique NOE correlations between core-mannose and the α1-3 branch mannose as well as the 3JC-H constant of the glycoside linkage indicate that bisecting GlcNAc restricts the conformation of the 1-3 branch. The angles of the glycosidic bonds between core-mannose and α1-6 branch mannose derived from 3JC-H and 3JH-H coupling constants show that terminal GlcNAcs restrict the distribution of the ψ angle to 180° and the bisecting GlcNAc increases the distribution of the ω angle +60° in the presence of terminal GlcNAcs. It is feasible that restriction of branch conformations by bisecting GlcNAc has important consequences for protein-glycan interplay and following biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Hanashima
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Akitsugu Suga
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Yamaguchi
- Structural Glycobiology Team, Systems Glycobiology Research Group, RIKEN-Max Planck Joint Research Center for Systems Chemical Biology, RIKEN Global Research Cluster, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan.
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31
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McMorran BJ, Miceli MC, Baum LG. Lectin-binding characterizes the healthy human skeletal muscle glycophenotype and identifies disease-specific changes in dystrophic muscle. Glycobiology 2017; 27:1134-1143. [PMID: 28973355 PMCID: PMC6283322 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Our understanding of muscle glycosylation to date has derived from studies in mouse models and a limited number of human lectin histochemistry studies. As various therapeutic approaches aimed at treating patients with muscular dystrophies are being translated from rodent models to human, it is critical to better understand human muscle glycosylation and relevant disease-specific differences between healthy and dystrophic muscle. Here, we report the first quantitative characterization of human muscle glycosylation, and identify differentiation- and disease-specific differences in human muscle glycosylation. Utilizing a panel of 13 lectins with varying glycan specificities, we surveyed lectin binding to primary and immortalized myoblasts and myotubes from healthy and dystrophic sources. Following differentiation of primary and immortalized healthy human muscle cells, we observed increased binding of Narcissus pseudonarcissus agglutinin (NPA), PNA, MAA-II and WFA to myotubes compared to myoblasts. Following differentiation of immortalized healthy and dystrophic human muscle cells, we observed disease-specific differences in binding of NPA, Jac and Tricosanthes japonica agglutinin-I (TJA-I) to differentiated myotubes. We also observed differentiation- and disease-specific differences in binding of NPA, Jac, PNA, TJA-I and WFA to glycoprotein receptors in muscle cells. Additionally, Jac, PNA and WFA precipitated functionally glycosylated α-DG, that bound laminin, while NPA and TJA-I did not. Lectin histochemistry of healthy and dystrophic human muscle sections identified disease-specific differences in binding of O-glycan and sialic acid-specific lectins between healthy and dystrophic muscle. These results indicate that specific and discrete changes in glycosylation occur following differentiation, and identify specific lectins as potential biomarkers sensitive to changes in healthy human muscle glycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J McMorran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., CHS 14-127, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - M Carrie Miceli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, 609 Charles E Young Dr E, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Linda G Baum
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave., CHS 14-127, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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32
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Oliveira FMSD, Mereiter S, Lönn P, Siart B, Shen Q, Heldin J, Raykova D, Karlsson NG, Polom K, Roviello F, Reis CA, Kamali-Moghaddam M. Detection of post-translational modifications using solid-phase proximity ligation assay. N Biotechnol 2017; 45:51-59. [PMID: 29101055 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) regulate protein activities to help orchestrate and fine-tune cellular processes. Dysregulation of PTMs is often related with disorders and malignancies, and may serve as a precise biomarker of disease. Developing sensitive tools to measure and monitor low-abundant PTMs in tissue lysates or serum will be instrumental for opening up new PTM-based diagnostic avenues. Here, we investigate the use of solid-phase proximity ligation assay (SP-PLA) for detection of different PTMs. The assay depends on the recognition of the target protein molecule and its modification by three affinity binders. Using antibodies and lectins, we applied the method for detection of glycosylated CD44 and E-Cadherin, and phosphorylated p53 and EGFR. The assay was found to have superior dynamic range and limit of detection compared to standard ELISAs. In summary, we have established the use of SP-PLA as an appropriate method for sensitive detection of PTMs in lysates and sera, which may provide a basis for future PTM-based diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Mereiter
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter Lönn
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Benjamin Siart
- Department of Anthropology, University of Vienna, Austria; Department of Behavioral Biology, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Qiujin Shen
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Johan Heldin
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Doroteya Raykova
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Niclas G Karlsson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Cell Biology at Institute of Biomedicine, Gothenburg University, Sweden
| | - Karol Polom
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland; General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, Università deli Studi di Siena, Italy
| | - Franco Roviello
- General Surgery and Surgical Oncology Department, Università deli Studi di Siena, Italy
| | - Celso A Reis
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde and IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, Portugal; Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Masood Kamali-Moghaddam
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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33
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Muramoto K, Tange R, Ishii T, Miyauchi K, Sato T. Downregulation of Transcription Factor Sp1 Suppresses Malignant Properties of A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Line with Decreased β4-Galactosylation of Highly Branched N-Glycans. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:1282-1288. [PMID: 28529241 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Dramatic changes in the glycan structures of cell surface proteins have been observed upon malignant transformation of cells as induced by the altered expression levels of glycosyltransferases. Such changes are closely associated with the malignant properties of cancer cells. Transcription factor Sp1 regulates the gene expression of various molecules including glycosyltransferases. Herein, we investigated whether or not Sp1-downregulation affects to N-glycosylation of glycoproteins and malignant properties of A549 human lung cancer cell line. We established a stable clone whose Sp1-expression level was reduced to 50% of a control clone by RNA interference. Lectin blotting revealed that the β4-galactosylation of highly branched N-glycans decreases mainly in cell adhesion molecule, E-cadherin. The analysis of underlying mechanism for decreased β4-galactosylation of N-glycans showed that the gene expression level of β4-galactosyltransferase (β4GalT) 1 decreases dramatically by downregulation of Sp1 without changes in those of β4GalT2 and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V. Mutations in the Sp1-binding sites of the β4GalT1 gene promoter showed that the promoter activity decreases significantly, indicating that the gene expression is regulated by Sp1. These results indicate that the β4-galactosylation of highly branched N-glycans decreases by downregulation of Sp1 through the reduced expression of the β4GalT1 gene. Furthermore, the Sp1-downregulated cells showed the suppression of the anchorage-independent growth in soft agar and migratory activity when compared to the control cells. The present study demonstrates that downregulation of Sp1 suppresses the malignant properties of A549 cells through the decreased β4-galactosylation of highly branched N-glycans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodai Muramoto
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Riho Tange
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Takayuki Ishii
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Kana Miyauchi
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
| | - Takeshi Sato
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology
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Carlson RJ, Bond MR, Hutchins S, Brown Y, Wolfe LA, Lam C, Nelson C, DiMaggio T, Jones N, Rosenzweig SD, Stone KD, Freeman AF, Holland SM, Hanover JA, Milner JD, Lyons JJ. Detection of phosphoglucomutase-3 deficiency by lectin-based flow cytometry. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 140:291-294.e4. [PMID: 28063873 PMCID: PMC5496781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.12.951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Carlson
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Michelle R Bond
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Shermaine Hutchins
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Yishai Brown
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Lynne A Wolfe
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Christina Lam
- National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md; Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, Wash
| | - Celeste Nelson
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Thomas DiMaggio
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Nina Jones
- Clinical Research Directorate/CMRP, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc, NCI Campus at Frederick, Frederick, Md
| | - Sergio D Rosenzweig
- Immunology Service, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, and Primary Immunodeficiency Clinic, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Kelly D Stone
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Alexandra F Freeman
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Steven M Holland
- Laboratory of Clinical Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - John A Hanover
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Joshua D Milner
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md
| | - Jonathan J Lyons
- Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
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Legume Lectins: Proteins with Diverse Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18061242. [PMID: 28604616 PMCID: PMC5486065 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are a diverse class of proteins distributed extensively in nature. Among these proteins; legume lectins display a variety of interesting features including antimicrobial; insecticidal and antitumor activities. Because lectins recognize and bind to specific glycoconjugates present on the surface of cells and intracellular structures; they can serve as potential target molecules for developing practical applications in the fields of food; agriculture; health and pharmaceutical research. This review presents the current knowledge of the main structural characteristics of legume lectins and the relationship of structure to the exhibited specificities; provides an overview of their particular antimicrobial; insecticidal and antitumor biological activities and describes possible applications based on the pattern of recognized glyco-targets.
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Aoki M, Koga K, Hamasaki M, Egawa N, Nabeshima K. Emmprin, released as a microvesicle in epithelioid sarcoma, interacts with fibroblasts. Int J Oncol 2017; 50:2229-2235. [PMID: 28498412 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.3986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Emmprin (extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer, CD147) is a glycosylated transmembrane protein, consisting of two immunoglobulin domains, that stimulates the production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) by tumor-associated fibroblasts. These effects play important roles in tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the precise mechanisms by which emmprin acts on fibroblasts have not been fully elucidated, especially in sarcoma cells. Previously, we demonstrated that emmprin, expressed in conditioned medium collected from the epithelioid sarcoma cell line (FU-EPS-1), stimulates MMP-2 production via interactions with fibroblasts. In this study, we used microvesicles derived from sarcoma cells, and determined whether emmprin exists in the microvesicles, which enhance the production of MMP-2 via fibroblasts. Microvesicles released from FU-EPS-1 cells were shown to contain full-length emmprin, identified as a 45-kDa protein characterized by polylactosamine glycosylation. Microvesicles collected from FU-EPS-1 cells transfected with emmprin-specific siRNA or transduced with shRNA displayed significantly reduced MMP-2 production by fibroblasts compared with those from control-transfected cells. Our findings show that emmprin is released through microvesicle shedding in sarcoma cells, and emmprin in microvesicles regulates MMP-2 production by influencing the activity of fibroblasts located at sites distant from the tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikiko Aoki
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaori Koga
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Makoto Hamasaki
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nagayasu Egawa
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Kazuki Nabeshima
- Department of Pathology, Fukuoka University Hospital and School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan
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Takeuchi T, Sugimoto A, Imazato N, Tamura M, Nakatani S, Kobata K, Arata Y. Glucosamine Suppresses Osteoclast Differentiation through the Modulation of Glycosylation Including O-GlcNAcylation. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:352-356. [PMID: 28250278 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Osteoclasts represent the only bone resorbing cells in an organism. In this study, we investigated the effect of glucosamine (GlcN), a nutrient used to prevent joint pain and bone loss, on the osteoclastogenesis of murine macrophage-like RAW264 cells. GlcN supplementation suppressed the upregulation of osteoclast-specific genes (tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, matrix metallopeptidase 9, and nuclear factor of activated T cell c1 (NFATc1)), receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-dependent upregulation of TRAP enzyme activity, and the formation of TRAP-positive multinuclear cells more effectively than N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which we have previously shown to inhibit osteoclast differentiation. To clarify the mechanism by which GlcN suppresses osteoclastogenesis, we further investigated the effect of GlcN on O-GlcNAcylation by Western blotting and on other types of glycosylation by lectin blotting. We found that, upon addition of GlcN, the O-GlcNAcylation of cellular proteins was increased whereas α2,6-linked sialic acid modification was decreased. Therefore, these glycan modifications in cellular proteins may contribute to the suppression of osteoclastogenesis.
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Araujo L, Khim P, Mkhikian H, Mortales CL, Demetriou M. Glycolysis and glutaminolysis cooperatively control T cell function by limiting metabolite supply to N-glycosylation. eLife 2017; 6. [PMID: 28059703 PMCID: PMC5257256 DOI: 10.7554/elife.21330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapidly proliferating cells switch from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis plus glutaminolysis, markedly increasing glucose and glutamine catabolism. Although Otto Warburg first described aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells >90 years ago, the primary purpose of this metabolic switch remains controversial. The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway requires glucose and glutamine for de novo synthesis of UDP-GlcNAc, a sugar-nucleotide that inhibits receptor endocytosis and signaling by promoting N-acetylglucosamine branching of Asn (N)-linked glycans. Here, we report that aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis co-operatively reduce UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis and N-glycan branching in mouse T cell blasts by starving the hexosamine pathway of glucose and glutamine. This drives growth and pro-inflammatory TH17 over anti-inflammatory-induced T regulatory (iTreg) differentiation, the latter by promoting endocytic loss of IL-2 receptor-α (CD25). Thus, a primary function of aerobic glycolysis and glutaminolysis is to co-operatively limit metabolite supply to N-glycan biosynthesis, an activity with widespread implications for autoimmunity and cancer. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.21330.001
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey Araujo
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Phillip Khim
- Department of Neurology and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Haik Mkhikian
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Christie-Lynn Mortales
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Neurology and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, United States
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39
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The human fetoembryonic defense system hypothesis: Twenty years on. Mol Aspects Med 2016; 51:71-88. [PMID: 27349751 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Olofsson S, Datema R. New Virus-Selective Inhibitor of Terminal Glycosylation Increasing Immunological Reactivity of a Viral Glycoprotein. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029000100104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In previous reports we have shown that certain nucleoside analogues may be phosphorylated by herpesvirus-specified thymidine kinases, thereby acquiring an ability to act as virus-selective inhibitors of terminal glycosylation. In the present paper we report that the antiviral nucleoside analogue 5-propyl-2′-deoxyuridine induced a pattern of glycosylation inhibition, which resulted in an increased availability of the HSV-1-specified glycoprotein gC-1 for neutralizing antibodies. This effect, which was absent in cells infected with a thymidine kinase-deficient HSV mutant, was correlated with a decrease in the proportion of highly branched N-linked oligosaccharides associated with gC-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Olofsson
- Department of Clinical Virology, University of Göteborg, Guldhedsgatan 10B, S-413 46 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - R. Datema
- Department of Virology, Bristol-Myers PRDD, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492-7660, USA
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41
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Takamatsu S, Shimomura M, Kamada Y, Maeda H, Sobajima T, Hikita H, Iijima M, Okamoto Y, Misaki R, Fujiyama K, Nagamori S, Kanai Y, Takehara T, Ueda K, Kuroda S, Miyoshi E. Core-fucosylation plays a pivotal role in hepatitis B pseudo virus infection: a possible implication for HBV glycotherapy. Glycobiology 2016; 26:1180-1189. [PMID: 27329181 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions of cell surface proteins, such as growth factor receptors and virus/bacteria-entry receptors, can be dynamically regulated by oligosaccharide modifications. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of glycosylation in hepatitis B virus (HBV) entry into hepatoma cells. Infection of oligosaccharide-remodeling hepatoma cells with a pseudo virus of HBV, bio-nanocapsule (BNC), was evaluated by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Among various experiments using several hepatoma cells, marked difference was observed between Huh6 cells and HB611 cells, which were established by HBV gene transfection into hepatoma cells. Comprehensive oligosaccharide analysis showed dramatic increases of core fucosylation in HB611 cells, compared with Huh6 cells. Knock down of fucosyltransferase 8 (FUT8) reduced BNC entry into HB611 cells. In contrast, overexpression of FUT8 in Huh6 cells increased BNC entry. Although expression of sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP), which is one of HBV receptors was very similar between Huh6 and HB611 cells, proteins coprecipitated with NTCP were dependent on levels of core-fucosylation, suggesting that core-fucosylation regulates BNC entry into hepatoma cells. Our findings demonstrate that core-fucosylation is an important glycosylation for HBV infection of hepatoma cells through HBV-receptor-mediated endocytosis. Down-regulation of core-fucosylation may be a novel target for HBV therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Takamatsu
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamada-oka
| | - Mayuka Shimomura
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamada-oka
| | - Yoshihiro Kamada
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamada-oka.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Haruka Maeda
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamada-oka
| | - Tomoaki Sobajima
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamada-oka
| | - Hayato Hikita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masumi Iijima
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihoga-oka Ibaraki, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Yuta Okamoto
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Ryo Misaki
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Fujiyama
- Applied Microbiology Laboratory, International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shushi Nagamori
- Department of Bio-system Pharmacology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshikatsu Kanai
- Department of Bio-system Pharmacology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tetsuo Takehara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Keiji Ueda
- Department of Microbiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shun'ichi Kuroda
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research, Osaka University, 8-1 Mihoga-oka Ibaraki, 567-0047, Japan
| | - Eiji Miyoshi
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Clinical Investigation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-7 Yamada-oka
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42
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Mkhikian H, Mortales CL, Zhou RW, Khachikyan K, Wu G, Haslam SM, Kavarian P, Dell A, Demetriou M. Golgi self-correction generates bioequivalent glycans to preserve cellular homeostasis. eLife 2016; 5. [PMID: 27269286 PMCID: PMC4940165 DOI: 10.7554/elife.14814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential biological systems employ self-correcting mechanisms to maintain cellular homeostasis. Mammalian cell function is dynamically regulated by the interaction of cell surface galectins with branched N-glycans. Here we report that N-glycan branching deficiency triggers the Golgi to generate bioequivalent N-glycans that preserve galectin-glycoprotein interactions and cellular homeostasis. Galectins bind N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc) units within N-glycans initiated from UDP-GlcNAc by the medial-Golgi branching enzymes as well as the trans-Golgi poly-LacNAc extension enzyme β1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (B3GNT). Marginally reducing LacNAc content by limiting N-glycans to three branches results in T-cell hyperactivity and autoimmunity; yet further restricting branching does not produce a more hyperactive state. Rather, new poly-LacNAc extension by B3GNT maintains galectin binding and immune homeostasis. Poly-LacNAc extension is triggered by redistribution of unused UDP-GlcNAc from the medial to trans-Golgi via inter-cisternal tubules. These data demonstrate the functional equivalency of structurally dissimilar N-glycans and suggest a self-correcting feature of the Golgi that sustains cellular homeostasis. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14814.001 Most proteins that are released from cells are modified with sugar molecules that allow the proteins to carry out their role properly. These modifications are called glycans, and are made from sugar subunits joined into chains or branched structures. Investigating how the structure of glycans is linked to their role is complicated by the fact that many different glycans exist, made up of different sugars and arranged into different structures. Enzymes located in cell compartments known as the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi help to build the glycans. For example, the MGAT family of enzymes found in the Golgi generates branched glycans made up of sugar subunits called N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc). These glycans form part of a molecular mesh on the surface of cells that controls how certain proteins embedded in the cell membrane behave. This is particularly important in immune cells: reducing the number of branches in the glycans weakens the mesh and causes the cells and their membrane proteins to behave inappropriately. Mkhikian et al. have studied mice that lack specific MGAT enzymes, and so produce LacNAc glycans with drastically fewer branches than normal. Immune cells in these mice had glycans on their surface formed of LacNAc arranged in chains, rather than in short branched structures. These chains turned out to be biologically equivalent to branched LacNAc glycans, containing the same sugar subunits and allowing the immune cells to behave as normal. This suggests that the composition of glycans, rather than their structure, primarily determines their role. Mkhikian et al. also found that the organization of the enzymes inside the Golgi is likely to be responsible for producing these equivalent glycans. A glycan is built up as it passes through the Golgi, with the branching enzymes located earlier in the Golgi than the extending enzymes. Therefore, if the branching enzymes fail to add LacNAc subunits to the glycan, the extending enzymes can step in later to add the missing components. Overall, the results presented by Mkhikian et al. indicate that the large number of structurally diverse glycans may be reduced to a much smaller number of glycans with similar roles, based on subunit composition. This will simplify future studies on LacNAc glycans, and further work could focus on defining which other glycan structures share similar roles. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.14814.002
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Affiliation(s)
- Haik Mkhikian
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Christie-Lynn Mortales
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Raymond W Zhou
- Department of Neurology and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Khachik Khachikyan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stuart M Haslam
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Patil Kavarian
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States
| | - Anne Dell
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Demetriou
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, United States.,Department of Neurology and Institute for Immunology, University of California, Irvine, United States
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43
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McMorran BJ, McCarthy FE, Gibbs EM, Pang M, Marshall JL, Nairn AV, Moremen KW, Crosbie-Watson RH, Baum LG. Differentiation-related glycan epitopes identify discrete domains of the muscle glycocalyx. Glycobiology 2016; 26:1120-1132. [PMID: 27236198 PMCID: PMC5241718 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is enriched with glycoproteins modified with N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc) residues, and four nominally GalNAc-specific plant lectins have historically been used to identify the NMJ and the utrophin-glycoprotein complex. However, little is known about the specific glycan epitopes on skeletal muscle that are bound by these lectins, the glycoproteins that bear these epitopes or how creation of these glycan epitopes is regulated. Here, we profile changes in cell surface glycosylation during muscle cell differentiation and identify distinct differences in the binding preferences of GalNAc-specific lectins, Wisteria floribunda agglutinin (WFA), Vicia villosa agglutinin (VVA), soybean agglutinin (SBA) and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA). While we find that all four GalNAc binding lectins specifically label the NMJ, each of the four lectins binds distinct sets of muscle glycoproteins; furthermore, none of the major adhesion complexes are required for binding of any of the four GalNAc-specific lectins. Analysis of glycosylation-related transcripts identified target glycosyltransferases and glycosidases that could potentially create GalNAc-containing epitopes; reducing expression of these transcripts by siRNA highlighted differences in lectin binding specificities. In addition, we found that complex N-glycans are required for binding of WFA and SBA to murine C2C12 myotubes and for WFA binding to wild-type skeletal muscle, but not for binding of VVA or DBA. These results demonstrate that muscle cell surface glycosylation is finely regulated during muscle differentiation in a domain- and acceptor-substrate-specific manner, suggesting that temporal- and site-specific glycosylation are important for skeletal muscle cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian J McMorran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Francis E McCarthy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Gibbs
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mabel Pang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jamie L Marshall
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Alison V Nairn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Kelley W Moremen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Rachelle H Crosbie-Watson
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Linda G Baum
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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44
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Immel F, Broussard C, Catherinet B, Plasseraud L, Alcaraz G, Bundeleva I, Marin F. The Shell of the Invasive Bivalve Species Dreissena polymorpha: Biochemical, Elemental and Textural Investigations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154264. [PMID: 27213644 PMCID: PMC4877012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha is a well-established invasive model organism. Although extensively used in environmental sciences, virtually nothing is known of the molecular process of its shell calcification. By describing the microstructure, geochemistry and biochemistry/proteomics of the shell, the present study aims at promoting this species as a model organism in biomineralization studies, in order to establish a bridge with ecotoxicology, while sketching evolutionary conclusions. The shell of D. polymorpha exhibits the classical crossed-lamellar/complex crossed lamellar combination found in several heterodont bivalves, in addition to an external thin layer, the characteristics of which differ from what was described in earlier publication. We show that the shell selectively concentrates some heavy metals, in particular uranium, which predisposes D. polymorpha to local bioremediation of this pollutant. We establish the biochemical signature of the shell matrix, demonstrating that it interacts with the in vitro precipitation of calcium carbonate and inhibits calcium carbonate crystal formation, but these two properties are not strongly expressed. This matrix, although overall weakly glycosylated, contains a set of putatively calcium-binding proteins and a set of acidic sulphated proteins. 2D-gels reveal more than fifty proteins, twenty of which we identify by MS-MS analysis. We tentatively link the shell protein profile of D. polymorpha and the peculiar recent evolution of this invasive species of Ponto-Caspian origin, which has spread all across Europe in the last three centuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise Immel
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire UMR5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
- Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- * E-mail: (FI); (FM)
| | - Cédric Broussard
- Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
- Plate-forme Protéomique 3P5, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Bastien Catherinet
- Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Laurent Plasseraud
- ICMUB UMR6302, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Gérard Alcaraz
- UPSP PROXISS, Département Agronomie Environnement AgroSupDijon, Dijon, France
| | - Irina Bundeleva
- Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Frédéric Marin
- Biogéosciences UMR6282, CNRS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- * E-mail: (FI); (FM)
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Hamblet CE, Makowski SL, Tritapoe JM, Pomerantz JL. NK Cell Maturation and Cytotoxicity Are Controlled by the Intramembrane Aspartyl Protease SPPL3. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2614-26. [PMID: 26851218 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1501970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
NK cell maturation is critical for normal effector function and the innate immune response to tumors and pathogens. However, the molecular pathways that control NK cell maturation remain largely undefined. In this article, we investigate the role of SPPL3, an intramembrane aspartyl protease, in murine NK cell biology. We find that deletion of SPPL3 in the hematopoietic system reduces numbers of peripheral NK cells, clearance of MHC class I-deficient tumors in vivo, and cytotoxicity against tumor cells in vitro. This phenotype is concomitant with reduced numbers of CD27(+)CD11b(+) and CD27(-)CD11b(+) NK cells, indicating a requirement for SPPL3 in efficient NK cell maturation. NK cell-specific deletion of SPPL3 results in the same deficiencies, revealing a cell-autonomous role for SPPL3 in these processes. CRISPR/Cas9 genomic editing in murine zygotes was used to generate knockin mice with a catalytically compromised SPPL3 D271A allele. Mice engineered to express only SPPL3 D271A in NK cells phenocopy mice deleted for SPPL3, indicating a requirement for SPPL3 protease activity in NK cell biology. Our results identify SPPL3 as a cell-autonomous molecular determinant of NK cell maturation and expand the role of intramembrane aspartyl proteases in innate immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne E Hamblet
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Stefanie L Makowski
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Julia M Tritapoe
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Joel L Pomerantz
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
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Priglinger CS, Obermann J, Szober CM, Merl-Pham J, Ohmayer U, Behler J, Gruhn F, Kreutzer TC, Wertheimer C, Geerlof A, Priglinger SG, Hauck SM. Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition of RPE Cells In Vitro Confers Increased β1,6-N-Glycosylation and Increased Susceptibility to Galectin-3 Binding. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146887. [PMID: 26760037 PMCID: PMC4712018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of retinal pigment epithelial cells is a crucial event in the onset of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), the most common reason for treatment failure in retinal detachment surgery. We studied alterations in the cell surface glycan expression profile upon EMT of RPE cells and focused on its relevance for the interaction with galectin-3 (Gal-3), a carbohydrate binding protein, which can inhibit attachment and spreading of human RPE cells in a dose- and carbohydrate-dependent manner, and thus bares the potential to counteract PVR-associated cellular events. Lectin blot analysis revealed that EMT of RPE cells in vitro confers a glycomic shift towards an abundance of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen, poly-N-acetyllactosamine chains, and complex-type branched N-glycans. Using inhibitors of glycosylation we found that both, binding of Gal-3 to the RPE cell surface and Gal-3-mediated inhibition of RPE attachment and spreading, strongly depend on the interaction of Gal-3 with tri- or tetra-antennary complex type N-glycans and sialylation of glycans but not on complex-type O-glycans. Importantly, we found that β1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase V (Mgat5), the key enzyme catalyzing the synthesis of tetra- or tri-antennary complex type N-glycans, is increased upon EMT of RPE cells. Silencing of Mgat5 by siRNA and CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing resulted in reduced Gal-3 binding. We conclude from these data that binding of recombinant Gal-3 to the RPE cell surface and inhibitory effects on RPE attachment and spreading largely dependent on interaction with Mgat5 modified N-glycans, which are more abundant on dedifferentiated than on the healthy, native RPE cells. Based on these findings we hypothesize that EMT of RPE cells in vitro confers glycomic changes, which account for high affinity binding of recombinant Gal-3, particularly to the cell surface of myofibroblastic RPE. From a future perspective recombinant Gal-3 may disclose a therapeutic option allowing for selectively targeting RPE cells with pathogenic relevance for development of PVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia S. Priglinger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Jara Obermann
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Merl-Pham
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Uli Ohmayer
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Jennifer Behler
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Fabian Gruhn
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas C. Kreutzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Arie Geerlof
- Protein Expression and Purification Facility, Institute of Structural Biology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | - Stefanie M. Hauck
- Research Unit Protein Science, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Munich, Germany
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Albertolle ME, Hassis ME, Ng CJ, Cuison S, Williams K, Prakobphol A, Dykstra AB, Hall SC, Niles RK, Ewa Witkowska H, Fisher SJ. Mass spectrometry-based analyses showing the effects of secretor and blood group status on salivary N-glycosylation. Clin Proteomics 2015; 12:29. [PMID: 26719750 PMCID: PMC4696288 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-015-9100-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The carbohydrate portions of salivary glycoproteins play important roles, including mediating bacterial and leukocyte adhesion. Salivary glycosylation is complex. Many of its glycoproteins present ABO and Lewis blood group determinants. An individual’s genetic complement and secretor status govern the expression of blood group antigens. We queried the extent to which salivary glycosylation varies
according to blood group and secretor status. First, we screened submandibular/sublingual and parotid salivas collected as ductal secretions for reactivity with a panel of 16 lectins. We selected three lectins that reacted with the largest number of glycoproteins and one that recognized uncommon lactosamine-containing structures. Ductal salivas representing a secretor with complex blood group expression and a nonsecretor with a simple pattern were separated by SDS-PAGE. Gel slices were trypsin digested and the glycopeptides were individually separated on each of the four lectins. The bound fractions were de-N-glycosylated. LC–MS/MS identified the original glycosylation sites, the peptide sequences, and the parent proteins. Results The results revealed novel salivary N-glycosites and glycoproteins not previously reported. As compared to the secretor, nonsecretor saliva had higher levels of N-glycosylation albeit with simpler structures. Conclusions Together, the results suggested a molecular basis for inter-individual variations in salivary protein glycosylation with functional implications for oral health. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12014-015-9100-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Albertolle
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Maria E Hassis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Connie Jen Ng
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Severino Cuison
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Katherine Williams
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Akraporn Prakobphol
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Andrew B Dykstra
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Steven C Hall
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Richard K Niles
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - H Ewa Witkowska
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Susan J Fisher
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA.,Sandler-Moore Mass Spectrometry Core Facility, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
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Bisecting GlcNAc modification stabilizes BACE1 protein under oxidative stress conditions. Biochem J 2015; 473:21-30. [DOI: 10.1042/bj20150607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACE1 is a protease essential for amyloid-β production in Alzheimer's disease. We report that bisecting GlcNAc modification on BACE1 stabilizes BACE1 protein under oxidative stress conditions. This suggests that bisecting GlcNAc is a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
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Vaiana CA, Kurcon T, Mahal LK. MicroRNA-424 Predicts a Role for β-1,4 Branched Glycosylation in Cell Cycle Progression. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:1529-37. [PMID: 26589799 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.672220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA regulation of protein expression plays an important role in mediating many cellular processes, from cell proliferation to cell death. The human microRNA miR-424 is up-regulated in response to anti-proliferative cytokines, such as transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), and directly represses cell cycle progression. Our laboratory recently established that microRNA can be used as a proxy to identify biological roles of glycosylation enzymes (glycogenes). Herein we identify MGAT4A, OGT, and GALNT13 as targets of miR-424. We demonstrate that MGAT4A, an N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase that installs the β-1,4 branch of N-glycans, is directly regulated by miR-424 in multiple mammary epithelial cell lines and observe the loss of MGAT4A in response to TGFβ, an inducer of miR-424. Knockdown of MGAT4A induces cell cycle arrest through decreasing CCND1 levels. MGAT4A does not affect levels of β-1,6 branched N-glycans, arguing that this effect is specific to β-1,4 branching and not due to gross changes in overall N-linked glycosylation. This work provides insight into the regulation of cell cycle progression by specific N-glycan branching patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A Vaiana
- From the Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Tomasz Kurcon
- From the Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003
| | - Lara K Mahal
- From the Biomedical Chemistry Institute, Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003
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Sano M, Hashiba K, Higashi M, Okuda K. Alteration of glycan structures by swainsonine affects steroidogenesis in bovine luteal cells. Theriogenology 2015; 84:827-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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