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Gao L, Li YJ, Zhao JM, Liao YX, Qin MC, Li JJ, Shi H, Wong NK, Lyu ZP, Shen JG. Mechanism of Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen Species in Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury and Preventive Effect of Chinese Medicine. Chin J Integr Med 2024:10.1007/s11655-024-3810-9. [PMID: 38941044 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-024-3810-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a pathological process involving multiple injury factors and cell types, with different stages. Currently, protective drugs targeting a single condition are limited in efficacy, and interventions on immune cells will also be accompanied by a series of side effects. In the current bottleneck research stage, the multi-target and obvious clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine (CM) is expected to become a breakthrough point in the research and development of new drugs. In this review, we summarize the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in various stages of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion and on various types of cells. Combined with the current research progress in reducing ROS/RNS with CM, new therapies and mechanisms for the treatment of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yun-Jia Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital/the First Clinical Medicine School of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jia-Min Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yu-Xin Liao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Meng-Chen Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jun-Jie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Hao Shi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- State Key Discipline of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518112, China
| | - Zhi-Ping Lyu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jian-Gang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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2
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Girotti AW, Korytowski W. Upregulation of iNOS/NO in Cancer Cells That Survive a Photodynamic Challenge: Role of No in Accelerated Cell Migration and Invasion. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5697. [PMID: 38891885 PMCID: PMC11171770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique modality that employs a photosensitizer (PS), PS-exciting light, and O2 to generate cytotoxic oxidants. For various reasons, not all malignant cells in any given tumor will succumb to a PDT challenge. Previous studies by the authors revealed that nitric oxide (NO) from inducible NO synthase (iNOS/NOS2) plays a key role in tumor cell resistance and also stimulation of migratory/invasive aggressiveness of surviving cells. iNOS was the only NOS isoform implicated in these effects. Significantly, NO from stress-upregulated iNOS was much more important in this regard than NO from preexisting enzymes. Greater NO-dependent resistance, migration, and invasion was observed with at least three different cancer cell lines, and this was attenuated by iNOS activity inhibitors, NO scavengers, or an iNOS transcriptional inhibitor. NO diffusing from PDT-targeted cells also stimulated migration/invasion potency of non-targeted bystander cells. Unless counteracted by appropriate measures, all these effects could seriously compromise clinical PDT efficacy. Here, we will review specific examples of these negative side effects of PDT and how they might be suppressed by adjuvants such as NO scavengers or inhibitors of iNOS activity or expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert W. Girotti
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Witold Korytowski
- Department of Biophysics, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland;
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3
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Li W, Hou Z, Li Y, Zhang X, Bao X, Hou X, Zhang H, Zhang S. Amelioration of metabolic disorders in H9C2 cardiomyocytes induced by PM 2.5 treated with vitamin C. Drug Chem Toxicol 2024; 47:347-355. [PMID: 36815321 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2023.2181971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) is a public health risk. We investigate PM2.5 on metabolites in cardiomyocytes and the influence of vitamin C on PM2.5 toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS For 24 hours, H9C2 were exposed to various concentrations of PM2.5 (0, 100, 200, 400, 800 μg/ml), after which the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell viability were measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 2',7'-dichlorofluoresceindiacetate (DCFH2-DA), respectively. H9C2 were treated with PM2.5 (200 μg/ml) in the presence or absence of vitamin C (40 μmol/L). mRNA levels of interleukin 6(IL-6), caspase-3, fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3), and hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) were investigated by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Non-targeted metabolomics by LC-MS/MS was applied to evaluate the metabolic profile in the cell. RESULTS Results revealed a concentration-dependent reduction in cell viability, death, ROS, and increased expression of caspase-3, FABP3, and IL-6. In total, 15 metabolites exhibited significant differential expression (FC > 2, p < 0.05) between the control and PM2.5 group. In the PM2.5 group, lysophosphatidylcholines (LysoPC,3/3) were upregulated, whereas amino acids (5/5), amino acid analogues (3/3), and other acids and derivatives (4/4) were downregulated. PM2.5 toxicity was lessened by vitamin C. It reduced PM2.5-induced elevation of LysoPC (16:0), LysoPC (16:1), and LysoPC (18:1). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS PM2.5 induces metabolic disorders in H9C2 cardiomyocytes that can be ameliorated by treatment with vitamin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Ziyuan Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
- The State Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | - Xiangping Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Bao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Hongjin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
| | - Shuanhu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Anyang, Henan, P.R. China
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4
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Nersesova L, Petrosyan M, Tsakanova G. Review of the evidence of radioprotective potential of creatine and arginine as dietary supplements. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:849-864. [PMID: 38683545 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2345098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Creatine (Cr) and l-arginine are naturally occurring guanidino compounds, commonly used as ergogenic dietary supplements. Creatine and l-arginine exhibit also a number of non-energy-related features, such as antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which contribute to their protective action against oxidative stress (OS). In this regard, there are a number of studies emphasizing the protective effect of Cr against OS, which develops in the process of aging, increased physical loads as part of athletes' workouts, as well as a number of neurological diseases and toxic effects associated with xenobiotics and UV irradiation. Against this backdrop, and since ionizing radiation causes OS in cells, leading to radiotoxicity, there is an increasing interest to understand whether Cr has the full potential to serve as an effective radioprotective agent. The extensive literature search did not provide any data on this issue. In this narrative review, we have summarized some of our own experimental data published over the last years addressing the respective radioprotective effects of Cr. Next, we have additionally reviewed the existing data on the radiomodifying effects of l-arginine presented earlier by other research groups. CONCLUSIONS Creatine possesses significant radioprotective potential including: (1) radioprotective effect on the survival rate of rats subjected to acute whole-body X-ray irradiation in a LD70/30 dose of 6.5 Gy, (2) radioprotective effect on the population composition of peripheral blood cells, (3) radioprotective effect on the DNA damage of peripheral blood mononuclear cells, (4) radioprotective effect on the hepatocyte nucleus-nucleolar apparatus, and (5) radioprotective effect on the brain and liver Cr-Cr kinase systems of the respective animals. Taking into account these cytoprotective, gene-protective, hepatoprotective and energy-stimulating features of Cr, as well as its significant radioprotective effect on the survival rate of rats, it can be considered as a potentially promising radioprotector for further preclinical and clinical studies. The review of the currently available data on radiomodifying effects of l-arginine has indicated its significant potential as a radioprotector, radiomitigator, and radiosensitizer. However, to prove the effectiveness of arginine (Arg) as a radioprotective agent, it appears necessary to expand and deepen the relevant preclinical studies, and, most importantly, increase the number of proof-of-concept clinical trials, which are evidently lacking as of now.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gohar Tsakanova
- Institute of Molecular Biology NAS RA, Yerevan, Armenia
- CANDLE Synchrotron Research Institute, Yerevan, Armenia
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Li S, Mehmood AH, Tang X, Yue T, Dong B. Development of bishydrazide-based fluorescent probes for the imaging of cellular peroxynitrite (ONOO -) during ferroptosis. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1409-1414. [PMID: 38369924 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00022f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is a critical ROS in living systems, and could induce lipid peroxidation which is the driver of ferroptotic cell death. Therefore, precise and rapid detection of cellular ONOO- is critical for the deep study of the biological functions of ONOO- during ferroptosis. Herein, we developed fluorescent probes (Rh-1, Rh-2 and Rh-3) for the rapid detection of intracellular ONOO- during ferroptosis. These probes used bishydrazide groups as the reactive sites for ONOO-. The response of these probes to ONOO- resulted in the production of the emissive xanthene fluorophore, providing a marked enhancement in the fluorescence intensity at 561 nm. The probe Rh-3 exhibited prominent selectivity and sensitivity towards ONOO-. Bioimaging experiments suggested that Rh-3 could be applied to image exogenous and endogenous ONOO- in living cells. By fluorescence imaging, it was demonstrated that erastin-induced ferroptosis caused increased levels of the endogenous ONOO-, and ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) and vitamin E (VE) could markedly inhibit the excessive production of ONOO- during ferroptosis in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China.
| | - Abdul Hadi Mehmood
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China.
| | - Xiaochan Tang
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Tao Yue
- Shandong Chemical Technology Academy, Qingdao University of Science and Technology (Jinan), Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China.
| | - Baoli Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, China.
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6
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Chen Z, Lin H, Wang X, Li G, Liu N, Zhang M, Shen Y. The application of approaches in detecting ferroptosis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e23507. [PMID: 38187349 PMCID: PMC10767388 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a regulatory cell death (RCD) caused by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, which is the backbone of regulating various diseases such as tumor, nervous system diseases and so on. Despite ferroptosis without specific detection methods currently, there are numerous types of detection technology commonly used, including flow cytometry, cell activity assay, microscopic imaging, western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). In addition, ferroptosis could be detected by quantifying oxygen-free radicals reactive oxygen species (ROS), the lipid metabolite (malondialdehyde ((MDA)), related pathways and observing mitochondrial damage. In the face of numerous detection methods, how to choose appropriate detection methods based on experimental purposes has become a problem that needs to be solved at present. In this review, we summarized the commonly used detection methods of the critical substances in the process of ferroptosis, in the hope of facilitating the comprehensive study of ferroptosis, with a view to providing a guidance for subsequent related research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyi Chen
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Hongbing Lin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Guiqi Li
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Manli Zhang
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
| | - Yuqin Shen
- Department of Periodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, China
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7
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Dyachenko EI, Bel’skaya LV. The Role of Amino Acids in Non-Enzymatic Antioxidant Mechanisms in Cancer: A Review. Metabolites 2023; 14:28. [PMID: 38248831 PMCID: PMC10818545 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, the antioxidant properties of amino acids and their role in the physicochemical processes accompanying oxidative stress in cancer remain unclear. Cancer cells are known to extensively uptake amino acids, which are used as an energy source, antioxidant precursors that reduce oxidative stress in cancer, and as regulators of inhibiting or inducing tumor cell-associated gene expression. This review examines nine amino acids (Cys, His, Phe, Met, Trp, Tyr, Pro, Arg, Lys), which play a key role in the non-enzymatic oxidative process in various cancers. Conventionally, these amino acids can be divided into two groups, in one of which the activity increases (Cys, Phe, Met, Pro, Arg, Lys) in cancer, and in the other, it decreases (His, Trp, Tyr). The review examines changes in the metabolism of nine amino acids in eleven types of oncology. We have identified the main nonspecific mechanisms of changes in the metabolic activity of amino acids, and described direct and indirect effects on the redox homeostasis of cells. In the future, this will help to understand better the nature of life of a cancer cell and identify therapeutic targets more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk 644099, Russia;
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8
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Gutierrez B, Aggarwal T, Erguven H, Stone MRL, Guo C, Bellomo A, Abramova E, Stevenson ER, Laskin DL, Gow AJ, Izgu EC. Direct assessment of nitrative stress in lipid environments: Applications of a designer lipid-based biosensor for peroxynitrite. iScience 2023; 26:108567. [PMID: 38144454 PMCID: PMC10746523 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid membranes and lipid-rich organelles are targets of peroxynitrite (ONOO-), a highly reactive species generated under nitrative stress. We report a membrane-localized phospholipid (DPPC-TC-ONOO-) that allows the detection of ONOO- in diverse lipid environments: biomimetic vesicles, mammalian cell compartments, and within the lung lining. DPPC-TC-ONOO- and POPC self-assemble to membrane vesicles that fluorogenically and selectively respond to ONOO-. DPPC-TC-ONOO-, delivered through lipid nanoparticles, allowed for ONOO- detection in the endoplasmic reticulum upon cytokine-induced nitrative stress in live mammalian cells. It also responded to ONOO- within lung tissue murine models upon acute lung injury. We observed nitrative stress around bronchioles in precision cut lung slices exposed to nitrogen mustard and in pulmonary macrophages following intratracheal bleomycin challenge. Results showed that DPPC-TC-ONOO- functions specifically toward iNOS, a key enzyme modulating nitrative stress, and offers significant advantages over its hydrophilic analog in terms of localization and signal generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan Gutierrez
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Tushar Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Huseyin Erguven
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - M. Rhia L. Stone
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Changjiang Guo
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Alyssa Bellomo
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Elena Abramova
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Emily R. Stevenson
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Debra L. Laskin
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Andrew J. Gow
- Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Enver Cagri Izgu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08854, USA
- Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Rutgers Center for Lipid Research, New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition, and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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9
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Ravi S, Duraisamy P, Krishnan M, Martin LC, Manikandan B, Ramar M. Sitosterol-rich Digera muricata against 7-ketocholesterol and lipopolysaccharide-mediated atherogenic responses by modulating NF-ΚB/iNOS signalling pathway in macrophages. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:331. [PMID: 37670802 PMCID: PMC10475456 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03741-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Digera muricata L., commonly known as Tartara, is an edible herb used as traditional medicine in many countries of Africa and Asia. This study aimed to elucidate the effect of a phytosterol-rich extract of D. muricata on 7-ketocholesterol-mediated atherosclerosis in macrophages. The extract was examined by phytochemical analyses, GC-MS, TLC, DPPH scavenging and hRBC membrane stabilization assays. Macrophage polarization was studied with experimental groups framed based on alamar blue cell viability and griess assays. Regulations of arginase enzyme activity, ROS generation, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell membrane integrity, pinocytosis, lipid uptake and peroxidation, as well as, intracellular calcium deposition were determined. In addition, expressions of atherogenic mediators were analysed using PCR, ELISA and immunocytochemistry techniques. Diverse phytochemicals with higher free radical scavenging activity and anti-inflammatory potential have been detected in the D. muricata. Co-treatment with D. muricata markedly reduced the atherogenic responses induced by 7KCh in the presence of LPS such as ROS, especially, NO and O2- along with lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, D. muricata significantly normalized mitochondrial membrane potential, cell membrane integrity, pinocytic activity, intracellular lipid accumulation and calcium deposition. These results provided us with the potentiality of D. muricata in ameliorating atherogenesis. Additionally, it decreased the expression of pro-atherogenic mediators (iNOS, COX-2, MMP9, IL-6, IL-1β, CD36, CD163 and TGFβ1) and increased anti-atherogenic mediators (MRC1 and PPARγ) with high cellular expressions of NF-κB and iNOS. Results showed the potential of sitosterol-rich D. muricata as a versatile biomedical therapeutic agent against abnormal macrophage polarization and its associated pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeetha Ravi
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025 India
| | | | - Mahalakshmi Krishnan
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025 India
| | | | - Beulaja Manikandan
- Department of Biochemistry, Annai Veilankanni’s College for Women, Chennai, 600 015 India
| | - Manikandan Ramar
- Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, 600 025 India
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10
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Iuchi K, Fukasawa M, Murakami T, Hisatomi H. Cold atmospheric nitrogen plasma induces metal-initiated cell death by cell membrane rupture and mitochondrial perturbation. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:687-695. [PMID: 37322606 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel biomedical tool used for cancer therapy. A device using nitrogen gas (N2 CAP) produced CAP that induced cell death through the production of reactive nitrogen species and an increase in intracellular calcium. In this study, we investigated the effect of N2 CAP-irradiation on cell membrane and mitochondrial function in human embryonic kidney cell line 293T. We investigated whether iron is involved in N2 CAP-induced cell death, as deferoxamine methanesulfonate (an iron chelator) inhibits this process. We found that N2 CAP induced cell membrane disturbance and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential in an irradiation time-dependent manner. BAPTA-AM, a cell-permeable calcium chelator, inhibited N2 CAP-induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. These results suggest that disruption of intracellular metal homeostasis was involved in N2 CAP-induced cell membrane rupture and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, N2 CAP irradiation generated a time-dependent production of peroxynitrite. However, lipid-derived radicals are unrelated to N2 CAP-induced cell death. Generally, N2 CAP-induced cell death is driven by the complex interaction between metal movement and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by N2 CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Iuchi
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Molecular Diagnosis and Cancer Prevention, Saitama Cancer Center, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mami Fukasawa
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Murakami
- Department of Systems Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hisashi Hisatomi
- Department of Materials and Life Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Seikei University, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Girotti AW, Bazak J, Korytowski W. Pro-Tumor Activity of Endogenous Nitric Oxide in Anti-Tumor Photodynamic Therapy: Recently Recognized Bystander Effects. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11559. [PMID: 37511317 PMCID: PMC10380283 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have revealed that several cancer cell types can upregulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and iNOS-derived nitric oxide (NO) after moderate photodynamic treatment (PDT) sensitized by 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-induced protoporphyrin-IX. As will be discussed, the NO signaled cell resistance to photokilling as well as greater growth and migratory aggressiveness of surviving cells. On this basis, it was predicted that diffusible NO from PDT-targeted cells in a tumor might enhance the growth, migration, and invasiveness of non- or poorly PDT-targeted bystander cells. This was tested using a novel approach in which ALA-PDT-targeted cancer cells on a culture dish were initially segregated from non-targeted bystander cells of the same type via impermeable silicone-rimmed rings. Several hours after LED irradiation, the rings were removed, and both cell populations were analyzed in the dark for various responses. After a moderate extent of targeted cell killing (~25%), bystander proliferation and migration were evaluated, and both were found to be significantly enhanced. Enhancement correlated with iNOS/NO upregulation in surviving PDT-targeted cancer cells in the following cell type order: PC3 > MDA-MB-231 > U87 > BLM. If occurring in an actual PDT-challenged tumor, such bystander effects might compromise treatment efficacy by stimulating tumor growth and/or metastatic dissemination. Mitigation of these and other negative NO effects using pharmacologic adjuvants that either inhibit iNOS transcription or enzymatic activity will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert W Girotti
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Jerzy Bazak
- Department of Biophysics, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland
| | - Witold Korytowski
- Department of Biophysics, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland
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12
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Stevens JL, McKenna HT, Filipe H, Lau L, Fernandez BO, Murray AJ, Feelisch M, Martin DS. Perioperative redox changes in patients undergoing hepato-pancreatico-biliary cancer surgery. Perioper Med (Lond) 2023; 12:35. [PMID: 37430377 DOI: 10.1186/s13741-023-00325-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue injury induces inflammation and the surgical stress response, which are thought to be central to the orchestration of recovery or deterioration after surgery. Enhanced formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species accompanies the inflammatory response and triggers separate but integrated reduction/oxidation (redox) pathways that lead to oxidative and/or nitrosative stress (ONS). Quantitative information on ONS in the perioperative period is scarce. This single-centre exploratory study investigated the effects of major surgery on ONS and systemic redox status and their potential associations with postoperative morbidity. METHODS Blood was collected from 56 patients at baseline, end of surgery (EoS) and the first postoperative day (day-1). Postoperative morbidity was recorded using the Clavien-Dindo classification and further categorised into minor, moderate and severe. Plasma/serum measures included markers of lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances; TBARS, 4-hydroxynonenal; 4-HNE, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2⍺; 8-isoprostanes). Total reducing capacity was measured using total free thiols (TFTs) and ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). Nitric oxide (NO) formation/metabolism was measured using cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), nitrite, nitrate and total nitroso-species (RxNO). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-⍺) were measured to evaluate inflammation. RESULTS Both oxidative stress (TBARS) and nitrosative stress (total nitroso-species) increased from baseline to EoS (+14%, P = 0.003 and +138%, P < 0.001, respectively), along with an increase in overall reducing capacity (+9%, P = 0.03) at EoS and protein-adjusted total free thiols (+12%, P = 0.001) at day-1 after surgery. Nitrite, nitrate and cGMP concentrations declined concomitantly from baseline to day-1. Baseline nitrate was 60% higher in the minor morbidity group compared to severe (P = 0.003). The increase in intraoperative TBARS was greater in severe compared to minor morbidity (P = 0.01). The decline in intraoperative nitrate was more marked in the minor morbidity group compared to severe (P < 0.001), whereas the cGMP decline was greatest in the severe morbidity group (P = 0.006). CONCLUSION In patients undergoing major HPB surgery, intraoperative oxidative and nitrosative stress increased, with a concomitant increase in reductive capacity. Baseline nitrate was inversely associated with postoperative morbidity, and the hallmarks of poor postoperative outcome include changes in both oxidative stress and NO metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia L Stevens
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
- Royal Free Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Free Hospital, London, NW3 2QG, UK.
| | - Helen T McKenna
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, John Bull Building, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Devon, UK
| | - Helder Filipe
- Royal Free Perioperative Research Group, Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Free Hospital, London, NW3 2QG, UK
| | - Laurie Lau
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences and Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences and Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Andrew J Murray
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EG, UK
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences and Integrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Faculty of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Daniel S Martin
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, NW3 2QG, UK
- Peninsula Medical School, University of Plymouth, John Bull Building, Plymouth, PL6 8BU, Devon, UK
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Pang Y, Huang M, Fan Y, Yeh HW, Xiong Y, Ng HL, Ai HW. Development, Characterization, and Structural Analysis of a Genetically Encoded Red Fluorescent Peroxynitrite Biosensor. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:1388-1397. [PMID: 37185019 PMCID: PMC10330634 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Boronic acid-containing fluorescent molecules have been widely used to sense hydrogen peroxide and peroxynitrite, which are important reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in biological systems. However, it has been challenging to gain specificity. Our previous studies developed genetically encoded, green fluorescent peroxynitrite biosensors by genetically incorporating a boronic acid-containing noncanonical amino acid (ncAA), p-boronophenylalanine (pBoF), into the chromophore of circularly permuted green fluorescent proteins (cpGFPs). In this work, we introduced pBoF to amino acid residues spatially close to the chromophore of an enhanced circularly permuted red fluorescent protein (ecpApple). Our effort has resulted in two responsive ecpApple mutants: one bestows reactivity toward both peroxynitrite and hydrogen peroxide, while the other, namely, pnRFP, is a selective red fluorescent peroxynitrite biosensor. We characterized pnRFP in vitro and in live mammalian cells. We further studied the structure and sensing mechanism of pnRFP using X-ray crystallography, 11B-NMR, and computational methods. The boron atom in pnRFP adopts an sp2-hybridization geometry in a hydrophobic pocket, and the reaction of pnRFP with peroxynitrite generates a product with a twisted chromophore, corroborating the observed "turn-off" fluorescence response. Thus, this study extends the color palette of genetically encoded peroxynitrite biosensors, provides insight into the response mechanism of the new biosensor, and demonstrates the versatility of using protein scaffolds to modulate chemoreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pang
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Mian Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Yichong Fan
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Hsien-Wei Yeh
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
| | - Ying Xiong
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Ho Leung Ng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Hui-wang Ai
- Center for Membrane and Cell Physiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
- The UVA Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Fujii J, Yamada KI. Defense systems to avoid ferroptosis caused by lipid peroxidation-mediated membrane damage. Free Radic Res 2023; 57:353-372. [PMID: 37551716 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2023.2244155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
The presence of hydrogen peroxide along with ferrous iron produces hydroxyl radicals that preferably oxidize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to alkyl radicals (L•). The reaction of L• with an oxygen molecule produces lipid peroxyl radical (LOO•) that collectively trigger chain reactions, which results in the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products (LOOH). Oxygenase enzymes, such as lipoxygenase, also stimulate the peroxidation of PUFA. The production of phospholipid hydroperoxides (P-LOOH) can result in the destruction of the architecture of cell membranes and ultimate cell death. This iron-dependent regulated cell death is generally referred to as ferroptosis. Radical scavengers, which include tocopherol and nitric oxide (•NO), react with lipid radicals and terminate the chain reaction. When tocopherol reductively detoxifies lipid radicals, the resultant tocopherol radicals are recycled via reduction by coenzyme Q or ascorbate. CoQ radicals are reduced back by the anti-ferroptotic enzyme FSP1. •NO reacts with lipid radicals and produces less reactive nitroso compounds. The resulting P-LOOH is reductively detoxified by the action of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) or peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6). The hydrolytic removal of LOOH from P-LOOH by calcium-independent phospholipase A2 leads the preservation of membrane structure. While the expression of such protective genes or the presence of these anti-oxidant compounds serve to maintain a healthy condition, tumor cells employ them to make themselves resistant to anti-tumor treatments. Thus, these defense mechanisms against ferroptosis are protective in ordinary cells but are also potential targets for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physical Chemistry for Life Science Laboratory, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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Mohapatra A, Mondal J, Sathiyamoorthy P, Mohanty A, Revuri V, Rajendrakumar SK, Lee YK, Park IK. Thermosusceptible Nitric-Oxide-Releasing Nitrogel for Strengthening Antitumor Immune Responses with Tumor Collagen Diminution and Deep Tissue Delivery during NIR Laser-Assisted Photoimmunotherapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36896475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Combined cancer immunotherapy has demonstrated promising potential with an amplified antitumor response and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation. However, one of the main issues that cause treatment failure is the poor diffusion and insufficient penetration of therapeutic and immunomodulatory agents in solid tumors. Herein, a cancer treatment approach that combines photothermal therapy (PTT) and nitric oxide (NO) gas therapy for tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, along with NLG919, an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor that reduces tryptophan catabolism to kynurenine, and DMXAA, a stimulator of interferon gene (STING) agonist that stimulates antigen cross-presentation, is proposed to overcome this issue. Upon NIR (808 nm) laser irradiation, NO-GEL achieved the desired thermal ablation by releasing sufficient tumor antigens through immunogenic cell death (ICD). NO delivery triggered local diffusion of excess NO gas for effectively degrading tumor collagen in the ECM, homogeneously delivered NLG919 throughout the tumor tissue, inhibited IDO expression that was upregulated by PTT, and reduced the immune suppressive activities. The sustained release of DMXAA prolonged dendritic cell maturation and CD8+ T cell activation against the tumor. In summary, NO-GEL therapeutics offer a significant tumor regression with PTT and STING agonist combination that stimulates a durable antitumor immune response. Additional unification of IDO inhibition during PTT supplements the immunotherapy by reducing the T cell apoptosis and immune suppressive cell infiltration to TME. NO-GEL with the STING agonist and IDO inhibitor is an effective therapeutic combination to counter possible limitations during solid tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - Padmanaban Sathiyamoorthy
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
| | - Vishnu Revuri
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yong-Kyu Lee
- Department of Green Bioengineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, South Korea
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Morphological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical study on the ameliorative effect of gallic acid against bisphenol A-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1732. [PMID: 36720896 PMCID: PMC9889795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28860-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of gallic acid (GA) on ameliorating bisphenol A (BPA) nephrotoxicity in male rat kidneys. Forty rats were assigned randomly into two groups: control (ten animals) and BPA (40 mg/kg bwt) (thirty animals), the second group was divided into three subgroups: BPA alone, BPA + G50 (50 mg/kg bwt), and BPA + G200 (200 mg/kg bwt). The biochemical analysis included measurements of the contents of nitric oxide, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, and cytokines (interleukin-1α and interleukin-6) in the kidney. The antioxidant enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase were also measured in the kidney. Kidney function was assessed by determining uric acid, urea, and creatinine levels. The morphological investigations included hematoxylin and eosin staining for assessing the general histology and determining the glomerular and corpuscular areas, the tubular cell degeneration mean area, and the mean leukocyte infiltration area. Also, collagen fiber intensity and polysaccharide content were analyzed. Furthermore, immunohistochemical, morphometric, and ultrastructural studies were carried out. The results revealed morphological, immunohistochemical, and biochemical alterations in the kidney. Most of these changes showed a satisfactory improvement of kidney damage when BPA-administered rats were treated with GA at both doses. In conclusion, GA exhibited a strong protective effect against BPA-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Fujii J, Osaki T. Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Protecting against Radical Species and Autoregulation of M1-Polarized Macrophages through Metabolic Remodeling. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020814. [PMID: 36677873 PMCID: PMC9861185 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
When the expression of NOS2 in M1-polarized macrophages is induced, huge amounts of nitric oxide (•NO) are produced from arginine and molecular oxygen as the substrates. While anti-microbial action is the primary function of M1 macrophages, excessive activation may result in inflammation being aggravated. The reaction of •NO with superoxide produces peroxynitrite, which is highly toxic to cells. Alternatively, however, this reaction eliminates radial electrons and may occasionally alleviate subsequent radical-mediated damage. Reactions of •NO with lipid radicals terminates the radical chain reaction in lipid peroxidation, which leads to the suppression of ferroptosis. •NO is involved in the metabolic remodeling of M1 macrophages. Enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, notably aconitase 2, as well as respiratory chain enzymes, are preferential targets of •NO derivatives. Ornithine, an alternate compound produced from arginine instead of citrulline and •NO, is recruited to synthesize polyamines. Itaconate, which is produced from the remodeled TCA cycle, and polyamines function as defense systems against overresponses of M1 macrophages in a feedback manner. Herein, we overview the protective aspects of •NO against radical species and the autoregulatory systems that are enabled by metabolic remodeling in M9-polarized macrophages.
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18
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Brar B, Marwaha S, Poonia AK, Koul B, Kajla S, Rajput VD. Nanotechnology: a contemporary therapeutic approach in combating infections from multidrug-resistant bacteria. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:62. [PMID: 36629918 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03404-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
In the 20th century, the discovery of antibiotics played an essential role in the fight against infectious diseases, including meningitis, typhoid fever, pneumonia and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The development of multidrug resistance in microflora due to improper antibiotic use created significant public health issues. Antibiotic resistance has increased at an alarming rate in the past few decades. Multidrug-resistant bacteria (superbugs) such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as well as drug-resistant tuberculosis pose serious health implications. Despite the continuous increase in resistant microbes, the discovery of novel antibiotics is constrained by the cost and complexities of discovery of drugs. The nanotechnology has given new hope in combating this problem. In the present review, recent developments in therapeutics utilizing nanotechnology for novel antimicrobial drug development are discussed. The nanoparticles of silver, gold and zinc oxide have proved to be efficient antimicrobial agents against multidrug-resistant Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Escherichia Coli and MRSA. Using nanostructures as carriers for antimicrobial agents provides better bioavailability, less chances of sub-therapeutic drug accumulation and less drug-related toxicity. Nanophotothermal therapy using fullerene and antibody functionalized nanostructures are other strategies that can prove to be helpful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basanti Brar
- HABITAT, Genome Improvement Primary Producer Company Ltd. Centre of Biofertilizer Production and Technology, HAU, Hisar, 125004, India
| | - Sumnil Marwaha
- ICAR-National Research Centre On Camel, Bikaner, 334001, Rajasthan, India
| | - Anil Kumar Poonia
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India. .,Department of Molecular Biology &Biotechnology, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Bhupendra Koul
- Department of Botany, School of Bioengineering and Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India.
| | - Subhash Kajla
- Department of Molecular Biology &Biotechnology, CCSHAU, Hisar, 125004, Haryana, India.
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
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Sze SCW, Zhang L, Zhang S, Lin K, Ng TB, Ng ML, Lee KF, Lam JKW, Zhang Z, Yung KKL. Aberrant Transferrin and Ferritin Upregulation Elicits Iron Accumulation and Oxidative Inflammaging Causing Ferroptosis and Undermines Estradiol Biosynthesis in Aging Rat Ovaries by Upregulating NF-Κb-Activated Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase: First Demonstration of an Intricate Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232012689. [PMID: 36293552 PMCID: PMC9604315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We report herein a novel mechanism, unraveled by proteomics and validated by in vitro and in vivo studies, of the aberrant aging-associated upregulation of ovarian transferrin and ferritin in rat ovaries. The ovarian mass and serum estradiol titer plummeted while the ovarian labile ferrous iron and total iron levels escalated with age in rats. Oxidative stress markers, such as nitrite/nitrate, 3-nitrotyrosine, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, accumulated in the aging ovaries due to an aberrant upregulation of the ovarian transferrin, ferritin light/heavy chains, and iron regulatory protein 2(IRP2)-mediated transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1). Ferritin inhibited estradiol biosynthesis in ovarian granulosa cells in vitro via the upregulation of a nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and p65/p50-induced oxidative and inflammatory factor inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). An in vivo study demonstrated how the age-associated activation of NF-κB induced the upregulation of iNOS and the tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). The downregulation of the keap1-mediated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), that induced a decrease in glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), was observed. The aberrant transferrin and ferritin upregulation triggered an iron accumulation via the upregulation of an IRP2-induced TfR1. This culminates in NF-κB-iNOS-mediated ovarian oxi-inflamm-aging and serum estradiol decrement in naturally aging rats. The iron accumulation and the effect on ferroptosis-related proteins including the GPX4, TfR1, Nrf2, Keap1, and ferritin heavy chain, as in testicular ferroptosis, indicated the triggering of ferroptosis. In young rats, an intraovarian injection of an adenovirus, which expressed iron regulatory proteins, upregulated the ovarian NF-κB/iNOS and downregulated the GPX4. These novel findings have contributed to a prompt translational research on the ovarian aging-associated iron metabolism and aging-associated ovarian diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Cho Wing Sze
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.W.S.); (K.K.L.Y.); Tel.: +852-34112318 (S.C.W.S.); Tel.: +852-34117060 (K.K.L.Y.)
| | - Liang Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- JNU-HKUST Joint Laboratory for Neuroscience and Innovative Drug Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 999077, China
| | - Kaili Lin
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 999077, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Man Ling Ng
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Kai-Fai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, HKU, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Jenny Ka Wing Lam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29-39 Brunswick Square, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, HKU, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Ken Kin Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Golden Meditech Center for NeuroRegeneration Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Correspondence: (S.C.W.S.); (K.K.L.Y.); Tel.: +852-34112318 (S.C.W.S.); Tel.: +852-34117060 (K.K.L.Y.)
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Elrakaybi A, Laubner K, Zhou Q, Hug MJ, Seufert J. Cardiovascular protection by SGLT2 inhibitors - Do anti-inflammatory mechanisms play a role? Mol Metab 2022; 64:101549. [PMID: 35863639 PMCID: PMC9352970 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome and related metabolic disturbances represent a state of low-grade inflammation, which accelerates insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression. Among antidiabetic medications, sodium glucose co-transporter (SGLT) 2 inhibitors are the only agents which showed remarkable reductions in heart failure (HF) hospitalizations and major cardiovascular endpoints (MACE) as well as renal endpoints regardless of diabetes status in large randomized clinical outcome trials (RCTs). Although the exact mechanisms underlying these benefits are yet to be established, growing evidence suggests that modulating inflammation by SGLT2 inhibitors may play a key role. SCOPE OF REVIEW In this manuscript, we summarize the current knowledge on anti-inflammatory effects of SGLT2 inhibitors as one of the mechanisms potentially mediating their cardiovascular (CV) benefits. We introduce the different metabolic and systemic actions mediated by these agents which could mitigate inflammation, and further present the signalling pathways potentially responsible for their proposed direct anti-inflammatory effects. We also discuss controversies surrounding some of these mechanisms. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS SGLT2 inhibitors are promising anti-inflammatory agents by acting either indirectly via improving metabolism and reducing stress conditions or via direct modulation of inflammatory signalling pathways. These effects were achieved, to a great extent, in a glucose-independent manner which established their clinical use in HF patients with and without diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa Elrakaybi
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, 11566 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Katharina Laubner
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, 4031 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin J Hug
- Pharmacy, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jochen Seufert
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
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Chislett M, Yu Z, Donose BC, Guo J, Yuan Z. Understanding the Effect of Free Nitrous Acid on Biofilms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:11625-11634. [PMID: 35913828 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Free nitrous acid (FNA, i.e., HNO2) has been recently applied to biofilm control in wastewater management. The mechanism triggering biofilm detachment upon exposure to FNA still remains largely unknown. In this work, we aim to prove that FNA induces biofilm dispersal via extracellular polymeric matrix breakdown and cell lysis. Biofilms formed by a model organism, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, were treated with FNA at concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 15 mg N/L for 24 h (conditions typically used in applications). The biofilms and suspended biomass were monitored both before and after FNA treatment using a range of methods including optical density measurements, viability assays, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. It was revealed that FNA treatment caused substantial and concentration-dependent biofilm detachment. The addition of a reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavenger, that is, 2-4-carboxyphenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide, substantially reduced biofilm dispersal, suggesting that the nitrosative decomposition species of HNO2 (i.e., RNS, e.g., •NO + •NO2) were mainly responsible for the effects. The study provides insight into and support for the use of FNA for biofilm control in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Chislett
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bogdan C Donose
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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22
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Patrick DM, de la Visitación N, Krishnan J, Chen W, Ormseth MJ, Stein CM, Davies SS, Amarnath V, Crofford LJ, Williams JM, Zhao S, Smart CD, Dikalov S, Dikalova A, Xiao L, Van Beusecum JP, Ao M, Fogo AB, Kirabo A, Harrison DG. Isolevuglandins disrupt PU.1-mediated C1q expression and promote autoimmunity and hypertension in systemic lupus erythematosus. JCI Insight 2022; 7:e136678. [PMID: 35608913 PMCID: PMC9310530 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.136678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a mechanism responsible for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In humans with SLE and in 2 SLE murine models, there was marked enrichment of isolevuglandin-adducted proteins (isoLG adducts) in monocytes and dendritic cells. We found that antibodies formed against isoLG adducts in both SLE-prone mice and humans with SLE. In addition, isoLG ligation of the transcription factor PU.1 at a critical DNA binding site markedly reduced transcription of all C1q subunits. Treatment of SLE-prone mice with the specific isoLG scavenger 2-hydroxybenzylamine (2-HOBA) ameliorated parameters of autoimmunity, including plasma cell expansion, circulating IgG levels, and anti-dsDNA antibody titers. 2-HOBA also lowered blood pressure, attenuated renal injury, and reduced inflammatory gene expression uniquely in C1q-expressing dendritic cells. Thus, isoLG adducts play an essential role in the genesis and maintenance of systemic autoimmunity and hypertension in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Patrick
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Néstor de la Visitación
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Wei Chen
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and
| | - Michelle J. Ormseth
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | - C. Michael Stein
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and
- Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, Department of Medicine, and
| | | | | | | | | | - Shilin Zhao
- Vanderbilt Center for Quantitative Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Charles D. Smart
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
| | | | | | | | - Justin P. Van Beusecum
- Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center and
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | | | - Agnes B. Fogo
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - David G. Harrison
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology and
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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23
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Crochemore C, Cimmaruta C, Fernández-Molina C, Ricchetti M. Reactive Species in Progeroid Syndromes and Aging-Related Processes. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:208-228. [PMID: 34428933 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Reactive species have been classically considered causative of age-related degenerative processes, but the scenario appears considerably more complex and to some extent counterintuitive than originally anticipated. The impact of reactive species in precocious aging syndromes is revealing new clues to understand and perhaps challenge the resulting degenerative processes. Recent Advances: Our understanding of reactive species has considerably evolved, including their hormetic effect (beneficial at a certain level, harmful beyond this level), the occurrence of diverse hormetic peaks in different cell types and organisms, and the extended type of reactive species that are relevant in biological processes. Our understanding of the impact of reactive species has also expanded from the dichotomic damaging/signaling role to modulation of gene expression. Critical Issues: These new concepts are affecting the study of aging and diseases where aging is greatly accelerated. We discuss how notions arising from the study of the underlying mechanisms of a progeroid disease, Cockayne syndrome, represent a paradigm shift that may shed a new light in understanding the role of reactive species in age-related degenerative processes. Future Issues: Future investigations urge to explore established and emerging notions to elucidate the multiple contributions of reactive species in degenerative processes linked to pathophysiological aging and their possible amelioration. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 208-228.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Crochemore
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Sup'Biotech, Villejuif, France
| | - Chiara Cimmaruta
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Cristina Fernández-Molina
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, University of Paris 06, Paris, France
| | - Miria Ricchetti
- Team Stability of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA, Stem Cells and Development, UMR 3738 CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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24
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Chislett M, Guo J, Bond PL, Wang Y, Donose BC, Yuan Z. Reactive nitrogen species from free nitrous acid (FNA) cause cell lysis. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 217:118401. [PMID: 35427827 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Free nitrous acid (FNA, i.e. HNO2) has been demonstrated to have broad biocidal effects on a range of microorganisms, which has direct implications for wastewater management. However, the biocidal mechanisms still remain largely unknown. This study aims to test the hypothesis that FNA will induce cell lysis via cell membrane perforations, and consequently cause cell death via proteolysis, through the use of two model organisms namely Escherichia coli K12 and Pseudomonas putida KT2440. A combination of analytical techniques that included viability assays, atomic force microscopy (AFM), protein abundance assays and proteomic analysis using Quadruple-Orbitrap™ Mass spectrometry was used to evaluate the extent of cell death and possible cell lysis mechanisms. FNA treatment at 6.09 mg/L for 24 h (conditions typically applied in applications) induced 36 ± 4.2% and 91 ± 3.5% cell death/lysis of E. coli and P. putida, respectively. AFM showed that the lysis of cells was observed via perforations in the cell membrane; cells also appeared to shrink and become flat following FNA treatment. By introducing a reactive nitrogen species (RNS) scavenger to act as a treatment control, we further revealed that it was the nitrosative decomposition species of FNA, such as .NO that caused the cell lysis through the destruction of protein macromolecules found in the cell membrane (proteolysis). Subsequently, the RNS went on to cause the destruction of protein macromolecules within the cells. The death of these model organisms E. coli and P. putida following exposure to FNA treatment provides insights into the use of FNA as an antimicrobial agent in wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Chislett
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jianhua Guo
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Philip L Bond
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yue Wang
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Bogdan C Donose
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB, formerly AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia
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25
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Araújo APDC, Luz TMD, Rocha TL, Ahmed MAI, Silva DDME, Rahman MM, Malafaia G. Toxicity evaluation of the combination of emerging pollutants with polyethylene microplastics in zebrafish: Perspective study of genotoxicity, mutagenicity, and redox unbalance. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 432:128691. [PMID: 35334274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) in freshwater fish has been demonstrated in previous studies, their effects when mixed with other pollutants (organic and inorganic) are poorly understood. Thus, we aimed to test the hypothesis that the association of polyethylene MPs (PE-MPs) to a mix of emerging pollutants induces more adverse genotoxic, mutagenic, and redox unbalance effects in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio), after 15 days of exposure. Although the accumulation of MPs in animals was greater in animals exposed to PE-MPs alone, erythrocyte DNA damage (comet assay) and the frequency of erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities (ENAs) evidenced in zebrafish exposed to PE-MPs alone were as pronounced as those observed in animals exposed to the mix of pollutant (alone or in combination with MPs), which constitutes the big picture of the current study. Moreover, we noticed that such effects were associated with an imbalance between pro-and antioxidant metabolism in animals, whose activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) was assessed in different organs which were not sufficient to counterbalance the production of reactive oxygen species [hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)] and nitrogen [nitric oxide (NO)] evaluated. The principal component analysis (PCA) also revealed that while the antioxidant activity was more pronounced in the brain and liver of animals, the highest production of H2O2 was perceived in the gills and muscles, suggesting that the biochemical response of the animals was organ-dependent. Thus, the present study did not demonstrate antagonistic, synergistic, or additive effects on animals exposed to the combination between PE-MPs and a mix of pollutants in the zebrafish, which reinforces the theory that interactions between pollutants in aquatic ecosystems may be as complex as their effects on freshwater ichthyofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thiarlen Marinho da Luz
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lopes Rocha
- Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Post-Graduation Program in Environmental Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Laboratory of Environmental Mutagenesis, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh; Laboratory of Environmental Health and Ecotoxicology, Department of Environmental Sciences, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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26
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Hao T, Qian M, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Midgley AC, Liu Y, Che Y, Hou J, Zhao Q. An Injectable Dual-Function Hydrogel Protects Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Modulating ROS/NO Disequilibrium. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105408. [PMID: 35319828 PMCID: PMC9130918 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Exogenous delivery of nitric oxide (NO) to the infarcted myocardium has proven to be an effective strategy for treating MI due to the multiple physiological functions of NO. However, reperfusion of blood flow to the ischemic tissues is accompanied by the overproduction of toxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can further exacerbate tissue damage and compromise the therapeutic efficacy. Here, an injectable hydrogel is synthesized from the chitosan modified by boronate-protected diazeniumdiolate (CS-B-NO) that can release NO in response to ROS stimulation and thereby modulate ROS/NO disequilibrium after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Furthermore, administration of CS-B-NO efficiently attenuated cardiac damage and adverse cardiac remodeling, promoted repair of the heart, and ameliorated cardiac function, unlike a hydrogel that only released NO, in a mouse model of myocardial I/R injury. Mechanistically, regulation of the ROS/NO balance activated the antioxidant defense system and protected against oxidative stress induced by I/R injury via adaptive regulation of the Nrf2-Keap1 pathway. Inflammation is then reduced by inhibition of the activation of NF-κB signaling. Collectively, these results show that this dual-function hydrogel may be a promising candidate for the protection of tissues and organs after I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Hao
- State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsKey Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for Cell ResponsesCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Meng Qian
- State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsKey Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for Cell ResponsesCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Yating Zhang
- State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsKey Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for Cell ResponsesCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Qi Liu
- State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsKey Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for Cell ResponsesCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Adam C. Midgley
- State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsKey Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for Cell ResponsesCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Yangping Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Yongzhe Che
- School of MedicineNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Jingli Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical UniversityTianjin300070China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- State key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical BiologyHaihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical TransformationsKey Laboratory of Bioactive Materials (Ministry of Education)Frontiers Science Center for Cell ResponsesCollege of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
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27
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Nascimento ÍF, Souza SSD, da Luz TM, Gomes LAS, Gonçalves SDO, Ahmed MAI, Guimarães ATB, Rodrigues ASDL, Malafaia G. Steel wools microfibers causes iron overload and induces biochemical changes in Gallus gallus domesticus chicks (Galliformes: Phasianidae). CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133632. [PMID: 35033516 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Steel wool (SW) has a broad-spectrum of applicability, particularly as abrasives, cleaning household utensils and surfaces in general. However, when present in the natural environment, they can be ingested by animals, such as birds, and may represent a risk to the survival of individuals. Accordingly, in this study, we attempted the hypothesis that the ingestion of SW microfibers (SWMs) by Gallus gallus domesticus chicks (model system used) alters growth/development, induces redox imbalance and cholinesterasic effect, as well as promotes iron overload in different organs. For this, the animals received SWMs twice (within a 24-h interval) in an amount corresponding to 12% of their total stomach volume. At the end of the experiment, we observed less weight gain and less head growth, increased production of hydrogen peroxide (in the brain, liver, crop, and gizzard), nitrite (liver, crop, proventriculus and gizzard), malondialdehyde (brain, liver, muscle, proventriculus, and gizzard), along with increased superoxide dismutase activity in the liver, muscle and crop of animals exposed to SWMs. Such results were associated with iron overload observed in different organs, especially in liver, crop, and gizzard. Furthermore, we evidenced an anti-cholinesterasic effect in birds that ingested the SWMs, marked by a reduction in the acetylcholinesterase activity (in brain). Thus, our study sheds light on the (eco)toxicological potential of SWMs in avifauna, conceding us to associate their ingestion (despite ephemeral and occasional) with damage to the health of individuals, requiring a greater attention spotted to disposal of these materials in ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ítalo Freitas Nascimento
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Sindoval Silva de Souza
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Thiarlen Marinho da Luz
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Lux Attiê Santos Gomes
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Sandy de Oliveira Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Abraão Tiago Batista Guimarães
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GO, Brazil
| | - Aline Sueli de Lima Rodrigues
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Biológicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Conservação de Recursos Naturais do Cerrado, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Campus Urutaí, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Goiás, GO, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Conservação e Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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28
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Superoxide Radicals in the Execution of Cell Death. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030501. [PMID: 35326151 PMCID: PMC8944419 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Superoxide is a primary oxygen radical that is produced when an oxygen molecule receives one electron. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays a primary role in the cellular defense against an oxidative insult by ROS. However, the resulting hydrogen peroxide is still reactive and, in the presence of free ferrous iron, may produce hydroxyl radicals and exacerbate diseases. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are the preferred target of hydroxyl radicals. Ferroptosis, a type of necrotic cell death induced by lipid peroxides in the presence of free iron, has attracted considerable interest because of its role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Radical electrons, namely those released from mitochondrial electron transfer complexes, and those produced by enzymatic reactions, such as lipoxygenases, appear to cause lipid peroxidation. While GPX4 is the most potent anti-ferroptotic enzyme that is known to reduce lipid peroxides to alcohols, other antioxidative enzymes are also indirectly involved in protection against ferroptosis. Moreover, several low molecular weight compounds that include α-tocopherol, ascorbate, and nitric oxide also efficiently neutralize radical electrons, thereby suppressing ferroptosis. The removal of radical electrons in the early stages is of primary importance in protecting against ferroptosis and other diseases that are related to oxidative stress.
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29
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Jeong H, Choi D, Oh Y, Heo J, Hong J. A Nanocoating Co-Localizing Nitric Oxide and Growth Factor onto Individual Endothelial Cells Reveals Synergistic Effects on Angiogenesis. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102095. [PMID: 34826360 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The delivery of nitric oxide (NO)-an intrinsic cellular signaling molecule-is promising for disease treatment, in particular to vascular diseases, due to its endothelial-derived inherent nature. The limited diffusion distance of labile NO prompts researchers to develop various carriers and targeting methods for specific sites. In contrast to the apoptotic effect of NO, such as anticancer, delivering low NO concentration at the desired targeting area is still intricate in a physiological environment. In this study, the layer-by-layer assembled nanocoating is leveraged to develop a direct NO delivery platform to individual endothelial cells (ECs). NO can be localized to individual ECs via S-nitrosothiol-bound polyacrylic acid which is a polymer directly providing an endothelial-like constant level of NO. To increase angiogenic activation along with NO, VEGF is additionally applied to specific receptors on the cell surface. Notably, the survival and proliferation of ECs are significantly increased by a synergistic effect of NO and VEGF co-localized via nanocoating. Furthermore, the nanocoating remarkably promoted cell migration and tubule formation-prerequisites of angiogenesis. The proposed unique technology based on nanocoating demonstrates great potential for conferring desired angiogenic functions to individual ECs through efficient NO delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejoong Jeong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Daheui Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoogyeong Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Heo
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
| | - Jinkee Hong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Yonsei University Seoul 03722 Republic of Korea
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30
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Binelli A, Della Torre C, Nigro L, Riccardi N, Magni S. A realistic approach for the assessment of plastic contamination and its ecotoxicological consequences: A case study in the metropolitan city of Milan (N. Italy). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:150574. [PMID: 34592284 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The study of the contamination of plastic mixtures sampled in natural environments is currently focused on their qualitative and quantitative assessment, while the evaluation of their effects on organisms is normally performed by experiments carried out at exposure conditions (size, shape, polymers) often far from the environmental ones. To improve the ecological realism, the aim of this study was to collect different plastic mixtures in 9 sampling stations located in 7 watercourses within the metropolitan city of Milan, one of the most anthropized and industrialized European areas, to evaluate both their qualitative and quantitative characteristics and, at the same time, to assess their ecotoxicological effects by exposing for 7 days some specimens of the freshwater bivalve Dreissena polymorpha to the mixtures collected in the sampling sites. The plastic characterization was performed by a Fourier-Transform Infrared spectrometer coupled with an optical microscope (μFT-IR), after several stages aimed to sample cleaning, separation of plastics and visual sorting. The possible effects caused by the plastic mixtures were carried out by the measurements of a biomarker suite to evaluate many cellular and molecular endpoints in mussel tissues. The main results showed a widespread and heterogeneous contamination of plastics in the entire metropolitan area, with contamination peaks found above all in the only two rivers of natural origin (Olona River and Lambro River) where comparable or higher values were reached than plastic concentrations measured in several European rivers. Despite this worrying contamination, the ecotoxicological data obtained after the exposures to the plastic mixtures collected in the selected water bodies showed only a mild effect on oxidative stress and on the variation of some antioxidant enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Binelli
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy.
| | - Camilla Della Torre
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lara Nigro
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Magni
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy
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31
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Grzelakowska A, Modrzejewska J, Kolińska J, Szala M, Zielonka M, Dębowska K, Zakłos-Szyda M, Sikora A, Zielonka J, Podsiadły R. Water-soluble cationic boronate probe based on coumarin imidazolium scaffold: Synthesis, characterization, and application to cellular peroxynitrite detection. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:34-46. [PMID: 34923103 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.12.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) has been implicated in numerous pathologies associated with an inflammatory component, but its selective and sensitive detection in biological settings remains a challenge. Here, the development of a new water-soluble and cationic boronate probe based on a coumarin-imidazolium scaffold (CI-Bz-BA) for the fluorescent detection of ONOO- in cells is reported. The chemical reactivity of the CI-Bz-BA probe toward selected oxidants known to react with the boronate moiety was characterized, and the suitability of the probe for the direct detection of ONOO- in cell-free and cellular system is reported. Oxidation of the probe results in the formation of the primary hydroxybenzyl product (CI-Bz-OH), followed by the spontaneous elimination of the quinone methide moiety to produce the secondary phenol (CI-OH), which is accompanied by a red shift in the fluorescence emission band from 405 nm to 481 nm. CI-Bz-BA reacts with ONOO- stoichiometrically with a rate constant of ∼1 × 106 M-1s-1 to form, in addition to the major phenolic product CI-OH, the minor nitrated product CI-Bz-NO2, which is not formed by other oxidants tested or via myeloperoxidase-catalyzed oxidation/nitration. Both CI-OH and CI-Bz-NO2 products were also formed in the presence of cogenerated fluxes of nitric oxide and superoxide radical anion produced during decomposition of a SIN-1 donor. Using RAW 264.7 cells, we demonstrate the ability of the probe to report endogenously produced ONOO-via fluorescence measurements, including plate reader real time monitoring and two-photon fluorescence imaging. Liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry analyses of cell extracts and media confirmed the formation of both CI-OH and CI-Bz-NO2 in macrophages activated to produce ONOO-. We propose the use of a combination of real-time monitoring of probe oxidation using fluorimetry and fluorescence microscopy with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry-based product identification for rigorous detection and quantitative analyses of ONOO- in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Grzelakowska
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Julia Modrzejewska
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Kolińska
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Marcin Szala
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Monika Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States.
| | - Karolina Dębowska
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Zakłos-Szyda
- Institute of Molecular and Industrial Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 2/22, 90-537, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Adam Sikora
- Institute of Applied Radiation Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, United States.
| | - Radosław Podsiadły
- Institute of Polymer and Dye Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 16, 90-537, Lodz, Poland.
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Di Fino L, Arruebarrena Di Palma A, Perk EA, García-Mata C, Schopfer FJ, Laxalt AM. Nitro-fatty acids: electrophilic signaling molecules in plant physiology. PLANTA 2021; 254:120. [PMID: 34773515 PMCID: PMC10704571 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03777-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Nitro fatty acids (NO2-FA)have relevant physiological roles as signaling molecules in biotic and abiotic stress, growth, and development, but the mechanism of action remains controversial. The two main mechanisms involving nitric oxide release and thiol modification are discussed. Fatty acids (FAs) are major components of membranes and contribute to cellular energetic demands. Besides, FAs are precursors of signaling molecules, including oxylipins and other oxidized fatty acids derived from the activity of lipoxygenases. In addition, non-canonical modified fatty acids, such as nitro-fatty acids (NO2-FAs), are formed in animals and plants. The synthesis NO2-FAs involves a nitration reaction between unsaturated fatty acids and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). This review will focus on recent findings showing that, in plants, NO2-FAs such as nitro-linolenic acid (NO2-Ln) and nitro-oleic acid (NO2-OA) have relevant physiological roles as signaling molecules in biotic and abiotic stress, growth, and development. Moreover, since there is controversy on mechanisms of action of NO2-FAs as signaling molecules, we will provide evidence showing why this aspect needs further evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Di Fino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Andrés Arruebarrena Di Palma
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Enzo A Perk
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Carlos García-Mata
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Francisco J Schopfer
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ana M Laxalt
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Mar del Plata, Argentina.
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da Silva GM, da Silva MC, Nascimento DVG, Lima Silva EM, Gouvêa FFF, de França Lopes LG, Araújo AV, Ferraz Pereira KN, de Queiroz TM. Nitric Oxide as a Central Molecule in Hypertension: Focus on the Vasorelaxant Activity of New Nitric Oxide Donors. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10101041. [PMID: 34681140 PMCID: PMC8533285 DOI: 10.3390/biology10101041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases include all types of disorders related to the heart or blood vessels. High blood pressure is an important risk factor for cardiac complications and pathological disorders. An increase in circulating angiotensin-II is a potent stimulus for the expression of reactive oxygen species and pro-inflammatory cytokines that activate oxidative stress, perpetuating a deleterious effect in hypertension. Studies demonstrate the capacity of NO to prevent platelet or leukocyte activation and adhesion and inhibition of proliferation, as well as to modulate inflammatory or anti-inflammatory reactions and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells. However, in conditions of low availability of NO, such as during hypertension, these processes are impaired. Currently, there is great interest in the development of compounds capable of releasing NO in a modulated and stable way. Accordingly, compounds containing metal ions coupled to NO are being investigated and are widely recognized as having great relevance in the treatment of different diseases. Therefore, the exogenous administration of NO is an attractive and pharmacological alternative in the study and treatment of hypertension. The present review summarizes the role of nitric oxide in hypertension, focusing on the role of new NO donors, particularly the metal-based drugs and their protagonist activity in vascular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Maria da Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Mirelly Cunha da Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Déborah Victória Gomes Nascimento
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Ellen Mayara Lima Silva
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Fabíola Furtado Fialho Gouvêa
- School of Technical Health, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58.051-900, PB, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Gonzaga de França Lopes
- Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry, Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza 60.020-181, CE, Brazil;
| | - Alice Valença Araújo
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Kelli Nogueira Ferraz Pereira
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
| | - Thyago Moreira de Queiroz
- Laboratory of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Phenotypic Plasticity, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão 55.608-680, PE, Brazil; (G.M.d.S.); (M.C.d.S.); (D.V.G.N.); (E.M.L.S.); (A.V.A.); (K.N.F.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Soliman AM, Yoon T, Wang J, Stafford JL, Barreda DR. Isolation of Skin Leukocytes Uncovers Phagocyte Inflammatory Responses During Induction and Resolution of Cutaneous Inflammation in Fish. Front Immunol 2021; 12:725063. [PMID: 34630399 PMCID: PMC8497900 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.725063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukocytes offer a critical layer of protection to the host following skin infections. Delineating the kinetics of cutaneous leukocyte recruitment as well as their anti-microbial and regulatory profiles is challenging since it requires the isolation of adequate cell numbers and maintenance of their functional properties. Herein, we took advantage of a modified procedure to gain insights into the contributions of fish phagocytes through induction and resolution phases of acute cutaneous inflammation in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Our data shows early upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which was paired with neutrophil-dominant leukocyte migration of neutrophils from circulation to the injury site. Recruited neutrophils were associated with high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Following pathogen elimination, a reduction in ROS levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines expression preceded the resolution of inflammation. These results provide a better understanding of the cutaneous immune responses in fish. Moreover, the increased viability and functionality of isolated skin leukocytes opens the door to better understand a range of additional skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amro M Soliman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Taekwan Yoon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - James L Stafford
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Daniel R Barreda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Vaswani A, Alcazar Magana A, Zimmermann E, Hasan W, Raman J, Maier CS. Comparative liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry lipidomics analysis of macaque heart tissue flash-frozen or embedded in optimal cutting temperature polymer (OCT): Practical considerations. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9155. [PMID: 34169582 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Biobanks of patient tissues have emerged as essential resources in biomedical research. Optimal cutting temperature compound (OCT) blends have shown to provide stability to the embedded tissue and are compatible with spectroscopic methods, such as infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Data derived from omics-methods are only useful if tissue damage caused by storage in OCT blends is minimal and well understood. In this context, we investigated the suitability of OCT storage for heart tissue destined for liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) lipidomic studies. METHODS To determine the compatibility of OCT storage with LC/MS/MS lipidomics studies. The lipid profiles of macaque heart tissue snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen or stored in an OCT blend were evaluated. RESULTS We have evaluated a lipid extraction protocol suitable for OCT-embedded tissue that is compatible with LC/MS/MS. We annotated and evaluated the profiles of 306 lipid species from tissues stored in OCT or liquid nitrogen. For most of the lipid species (95.4%), the profiles were independent of the storage conditions. However, 4.6% of the lipid species; mainly plasmalogens, were affected by the storage method. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that OCT storage is compatible with LC-MS/MS lipidomics of heart tissue, facilitating the use of biobanked tissue samples for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Vaswani
- Department of Chemistry at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Claudia S Maier
- Department of Chemistry at Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
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Wen Y, Chen H, Zhang L, Wu M, Zhang F, Yang D, Shen J, Chen J. Glycyrrhetinic acid induces oxidative/nitrative stress and drives ferroptosis through activating NADPH oxidases and iNOS, and depriving glutathione in triple-negative breast cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 173:41-51. [PMID: 34271106 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS)-mediated ferroptosis becomes a novel effective target for anti-cancer treatment. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that 18-β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), an active compound from medicinal herbal Licorice, could induce the production of ROS/RNS, increase lipid peroxidation and trigger ferroptosis in MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells. To confirm the GA's anti-cancer effects, we detected cell viability, apoptosis and ferroptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cells. To explore the effects of GA on inducing ferroptosis, we measured mitochrondrial morphology, ROS/RNS production, lipid peroxidation, ferrous ion, glutathione (GSH), System Xc-, GPX4, glutathione peroxidases (GPX), NADPH oxidase and iNOS in the MDA-MB-231 cells. The major discoveries are included as below: (1) GA treatment selectively decreased cell viability and induced ferroptosis companied with the increased lipid peroxidation and ferrous ion in the MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells. Iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) and ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 abolished the effects of GA. (2) GA treatment up-regulated the expression and activity of NADPH oxidase and iNOS, and increased ROS/RNS productions (O2•-, •OH, NO and ONOO-) in the MDA-MB-231 cells; (3) GA down-regulated the expression of SLC7A11 of System Xc-, decreased glutathione (GSH) level and inhibited GPX activity. Taken together, GA could promote the productions of ROS and RNS via activating NADPH oxidases and iNOS, and decreasing GSH and GPX activity, subsequently aggravating lipid peroxidation and triggering ferroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hansen Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Meiling Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dan Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
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Short Overview of Some Assays for the Measurement of Antioxidant Activity of Natural Products and Their Relevance in Dermatology. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26175301. [PMID: 34500732 PMCID: PMC8433703 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired systemic redox homeostasis is implicated in the onset and development of various diseases, including skin diseases. Therefore, continuous search for natural products with antioxidant bioactivities applicable in biomedicine is attractive topic of general interest. Research efforts aiming to validate antioxidant potentials of natural products has led to the development of several assays based on various test principles. Hence, understanding the advantages and limitations of various assays is important for selection of assays useful to study antioxidant and related bioactivities of natural products of biomedical interest. This review paper gives a short overview on some chemical and cellular bioassays used to estimate the antioxidant activity of chosen natural products together with a brief overview on the use of natural products with antioxidant activities as adjuvant medicinal remedies in dermatology.
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Homma T, Kobayashi S, Conrad M, Konno H, Yokoyama C, Fujii J. Nitric oxide protects against ferroptosis by aborting the lipid peroxidation chain reaction. Nitric Oxide 2021; 115:34-43. [PMID: 34329739 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of iron-dependent necrotic cell death, which is typically triggered by the depletion of intracellular glutathione (GSH), which is associated with increased lipid peroxidation. Nitric oxide (NO) is a highly reactive gaseous radical mediator with anti-oxidation properties that terminates lipid peroxidation reactions. In the current study, we report the anti-ferroptotic action of NOC18, an NO donor that spontaneously releases NO, in cells under various ferroptotic conditions in vitro. Our results indicate that, when mouse hepatoma Hepa 1-6 cells are incubated with NOC18, cell death induced by various ferroptotic stimuli such as cysteine (Cys) starvation, the inhibition of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and treatment with tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) is significantly reduced. Treatment with NOC18 failed to improve the decrease in the levels of Cys or GSH and the accumulation of ferrous iron upon ferroptotic stimuli. The fluorescent intensity of C11-BODIPY581/591, a probe that is used to detect lipid peroxidation products, was increased somewhat by treatment with NOC18 under conditions of Cys starvation, and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation end-products, as evidenced by the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal, were effectively suppressed. The pre-incubation of TBHP with NOC7, a short-lived NO donor completely eliminated its ability to trigger ferroptosis. These collective results indicate that NO exerts a cytoprotective action against various ferroptotic stimuli by aborting the lipid peroxidation chain reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takujiro Homma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
| | - Sho Kobayashi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Ulitsa Ostrovityanova 1, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Hiroyuki Konno
- Department of Biological Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, Yonezawa, Yamagata, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Chikako Yokoyama
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University, 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
| | - Junichi Fujii
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2 Iidanishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
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NO, way to go: critical amino acids to replenish nitric oxide production in treating mucositis. Curr Opin Support Palliat Care 2021; 15:188-196. [PMID: 34397582 DOI: 10.1097/spc.0000000000000560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW There is still an unmet need for preventive and treatment strategies for chemotherapy-induced and radiotherapy-induced mucositis and its associated systemic inflammatory response (SIR) in cancer patients. Because of citrulline depletion due to cytotoxic therapy, nitric oxide (NO) production can be reduced, limiting its effect in many physiological processes. Restoring NO production could relieve mucositis severity by supporting host damage control mechanisms. Amino acids glutamine, arginine and citrulline are involved in NO production. This review including recent literature of preclinical and clinical studies will discuss the potential benefits of glutamine, arginine and citrulline on mucositis development with focus on NO production. RECENT FINDINGS Mucositis severity is more defined by host response to DNA damage than by DMA damage itself. Citrulline depletion because of afunctional enterocytes could be responsible for NO depletion during cytotoxic therapy. Restoring NO production during cytotoxic therapy could have a beneficial effect on mucositis development. Citrulline seems a more promising NO donor than glutamine or arginine during cytotoxic therapy, although clinical studies in mucositis patients are currently lacking. SUMMARY Glutamine, arginine and citrulline show in-vitro beneficial effects on inflammatory processes involved in mucositis. Translation to the clinic is difficult as demonstrated with use of glutamine and arginine. Citrulline, being the most potent NO donor with excellent oral bio-availability, is very promising as treatment choice for mucositis and its use deserves to be investigated in clinical trials with mucositis patients.
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Al-Shahari EA, El Barky AR, Mohamed TM, Alm-Eldeen AA. Doxorubicin, L-arginine, or their combination as a prophylactic agent against hepatic carcinoma in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:37661-37671. [PMID: 33721166 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the ten most commonly diagnosed cancers. Doxorubicin is an antibiotic used in cancer treatment protocols that has several side effects. L-Arginine is a non-essential amino acid that is used as immune system activation and antitumor drugs. Therefore, the current study was designed to compare using doxorubicin, L-arginine, or their combination as a prophylactic agent against hepatic carcinoma induced by hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) injection in mice. The mice were divided into five groups: normal mice and mice that received HepG2, doxorubicin and HepG2, L-arginine and HepG2, and doxorubicin, L-Arginine, and HepG2, respectively. Liver function test as, aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), caspase 3, interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrotic factor (TNF), lipid peroxidation (NDA), and some antioxidant parameters were determined. A significant increase in AST and ALT, α-fetoprotein, TNF-α, and cytokines IL6 and MDA and a significant decrease in the serum caspase and liver catalase were determined in HepG2-injected mice. Moreover, some large hyperchromatic heptocytes were observed and the percentage of the positive area/field of HepPar-1, the most specific HCC marker, was 9.56%. Interestingly, mice that received doxorubicin, L-arginine, or their combination showed an improvement in some of the previous parameters. The improvement was more prominent with L-arginine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman A Al-Shahari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khaled University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Amira Ragab El Barky
- Biochemistry Unit, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Unit, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
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Abd-Elkareem M, Abd El-Rahman MAM, Khalil NSA, Amer AS. Antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of Nigella sativa L. seeds on the testis of monosodium glutamate challenged rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:13519. [PMID: 34188150 PMCID: PMC8242002 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92977-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is one of the most widely spread food additives that might cause male infertility. However, Nigella sativa L. seeds (NSS) could provide a solution. This study was designed to investigate the potential effects of NSS on rats ingesting MSG. To achieve this aim, adult male albino rats were randomly equally assigned into three groups for 21 days: control group received no treatment, MSG group received MSG as 30 g/kg feed, and MSG + NSS group received MSG as 30 g/kg and NSS as 30 g/kg feed. Testis histomorphometry showed marked deterioration by MSG as atrophic seminiferous tubules with degeneration of their lining cells, damaged Leydig cells and decreased germ cells number. Periodic Acid Schiff stain indicated irregular interrupted basement membranes. Glutathione reductase, superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2), and caspase-3 immuno-expressions increased in testicular cells. Testosterone levels were significantly decreased in MSG challenged rats along with significant increase in luteinizing hormone levels, whereas NSS normalized this hormonal profile. MSG exposure also caused significantly increased lipid peroxides (LPO), glutathione-S-transferase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) whereas nitric oxide and SOD2 were significantly decreased. NSS succeeded in rebalance LPO and TAC and ameliorated the histoarchitectural disturbances. NSS mitigated MSG-induced testicular impairment by its antioxidant and cytoprotective activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abd-Elkareem
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mokhless A. M. Abd El-Rahman
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Nasser S. Abou Khalil
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ayman S. Amer
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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Karanth S, Azinfar A, Helm CA, Delcea M. Identification of a critical lipid ratio in raft-like phases exposed to nitric oxide: An AFM study. Biophys J 2021; 120:3103-3111. [PMID: 34197799 PMCID: PMC8390956 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts are discrete, heterogeneous domains of phospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterols that are present in the cell membrane. They are responsible for conducting cell signaling and maintaining lipid-protein functionality. Redox-stress-induced modifications to any of their components can severely alter the mechanics and dynamics of the membrane causing impairment to the lipid-protein functionality. Here, we report on the effect of sphingomyelin (SM) in controlling membrane permeability and its role as a regulatory lipid in the presence of nitric oxide (NO). Force spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy imaging of raft-like phases (referring here to the coexistence of "liquid-ordered" and "liquid-disordered" phases in model bilayer membranes) prepared from lipids: 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC):SM:cholesterol (CH) (at three ratios) showed that the adhesion forces to pull the tip out of the membrane increased with increasing SM concentration, indicating decreased membrane permeability. However, in the presence of NO radical (1 and 5 μM), the adhesion forces decreased depending on SM concentration. The membrane was found to be stable at the ratio POPC:SM:CH (2:1:1) even when exposed to 1 μM NO. We believe that this is a critical ratio needed by the raft-like phases to maintain homeostasis under stress conditions. The stability could be due to an interplay existing between SM and CH. However, at 5 μM NO, membrane deteriorations were detected. For POPC:SM:CH (2:2:1) ratio, NO displayed a pro-oxidant behavior and damaged the membrane at both radical concentrations. These changes were reflected by the differences in the height profiles of the raft-like phases observed by atomic force microscopy imaging. Malondialdehyde (a peroxidation product) detection suggests that lipids may have undergone lipid nitroxidation. The changes were instantaneous and independent of radical concentration and incubation time. Our study underlines the need for identifying appropriate ratios in the lipid rafts of the cell membranes to withstand redox imbalances caused by radicals such as NO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjai Karanth
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; ZIK-HIKE, Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz "Humorale Immunreaktionen bei kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen", Greifswald, Germany
| | - Amir Azinfar
- Institute of Physics, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Mihaela Delcea
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany; ZIK-HIKE, Zentrum für Innovationskompetenz "Humorale Immunreaktionen bei kardiovaskulären Erkrankungen", Greifswald, Germany; DZHK (Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung), partnersite Greifswald, Germany.
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43
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Hassan M, Krieg S, Ndefo Nde C, Roos J, Maier TJ, El Rady EA, Raslan MA, Sadek KU, Manolikakes G. Streamlined One‐Pot Synthesis of Nitro Fatty Acids. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hassan
- Department of Chemistry TU Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. Geb. 54 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Aswan University Aswan 81528 Egypt
| | - Sara‐Cathrin Krieg
- Department of Chemistry TU Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. Geb. 54 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Cedric Ndefo Nde
- Department of Chemistry TU Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. Geb. 54 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
| | - Jessica Roos
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institute Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51–59 63225 Langen Germany
| | - Thorsten J. Maier
- Paul-Ehrlich-Institute Federal Institute for Vaccines and Biomedicines Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51–59 63225 Langen Germany
| | - Eman A. El Rady
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Aswan University Aswan 81528 Egypt
| | - Mohamed A. Raslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Aswan University Aswan 81528 Egypt
| | - Kamal U. Sadek
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Minia University Minia 61519 Egypt
| | - Georg Manolikakes
- Department of Chemistry TU Kaiserslautern Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. Geb. 54 67663 Kaiserslautern Germany
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Photodynamic Therapy as an Oxidative Anti-Tumor Modality: Negative Effects of Nitric Oxide on Treatment Efficacy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050593. [PMID: 33919266 PMCID: PMC8143374 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-tumor photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a unique oxidative stress-based modality that has proven highly effective on a variety of solid malignancies. PDT is minimally invasive and generates cytotoxic oxidants such as singlet molecular oxygen (1O2). With high tumor site-specificity and limited off-target negative effects, PDT is increasingly seen as an attractive alternative or follow-up to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Nitric oxide (NO) is a short-lived bioactive free radical molecule that is exploited by many malignant tumors to promote cell survival, proliferation, and metastatic expansion. Typically generated endogenously by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS2), low level NO can also antagonize many therapeutic interventions, including PDT. In addition to elevating resistance, iNOS-derived NO can stimulate growth and migratory aggressiveness of tumor cells that survive a PDT challenge. Moreover, NO from PDT-targeted cells in any given population is known to promote such aggressiveness in non-targeted counterparts (bystanders). Each of these negative responses to PDT and their possible underlying mechanisms will be discussed in this chapter. Promising pharmacologic approaches for mitigating these NO-mediated responses will also be discussed.
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Jacobs PJ, Oosthuizen MK, Mitchell C, Blount JD, Bennett NC. Oxidative stress in response to heat stress in wild caught Namaqua rock mice, Micaelamys namaquensis. J Therm Biol 2021; 98:102958. [PMID: 34016369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Modelling of anthropogenic induced climate suggests more frequent and severe heatwaves in the future, which are likely to result in the mass die-off of several species of organisms. Oxidative stress induced by severe heat stress has previously been associated with a reduction in animal cognitive performance, depressed reproduction and lower life expectancy. Little is known about the non-lethal consequences of species should they survive extreme heat exposure. We investigated the oxidative stress experienced by the Namaqua rock mouse, a nocturnal rodent, using two experimental heat stress protocols, a 6 hour acute heat stress protocol without access to water and a 3-day heatwave simulation with ad libitum water. Oxidative stress was determined in the liver, kidney and brain using malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PC) as markers of oxidative damage, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) as markers of antioxidant defence. Incubator heat stress (heat and dehydration stress) was brought about by increasing the body temperatures of animals to 39-40.8 °C for 6 hours. Following incubator heat stress, significantly higher levels of MDA were observed in the liver. Dehydration did not explain the variation in oxidative markers and is likely a combined effect of thermal and dehydration stress. Individual body mass was significantly negatively correlated to kidney SOD and lipid peroxidation. A heatwave was simulated using a temperature cycle that would naturally occur during a heatwave in the species' local habitat, with a maximal ambient temperature of 38 °C. Following the simulated heatwave, SOD activity of the kidney demonstrated significantly lowered activity suggesting oxidative stress. Current heat waves in this species have the potential of causing oxidative stress. Heat and dehydration stress following exacerbated temperatures are likely to incur significant oxidative stress in multiple tissues demonstrating the importance of water availability to allow for rehydration to prevent oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Jacobs
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
| | - M K Oosthuizen
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
| | - C Mitchell
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
| | - J D Blount
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK.
| | - N C Bennett
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0002, South Africa.
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Guo Z, Gao S, Ouyang J, Ma L, Bu D. Impacts of Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress on the Milk Protein Biosynthesis of Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:726. [PMID: 33800015 PMCID: PMC8001837 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) is one of the most important factors posing harm to the economic wellbeing of dairy industries, as it reduces milk yield as well as milk protein content. Recent studies suggest that HS participates in the induction of tissue oxidative stress (OS), as elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction were observed in dairy cows exposed to hot conditions. The OS induced by HS likely contributes to the reduction in milk protein content, since insulin resistance and apoptosis are promoted by OS and are negatively associated with the synthesis of milk proteins. The apoptosis in the mammary gland directly decreases the amount of mammary epithelial cells, while the insulin resistance affects the regulation of insulin on mTOR pathways. To alleviate OS damages, strategies including antioxidants supplementation have been adopted, but caution needs to be applied as an inappropriate supplement with antioxidants can be harmful. Furthermore, the complete mechanisms by which HS induces OS and OS influences milk protein synthesis are still unclear and further investigation is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitai Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Shengtao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Jialiang Ouyang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Lu Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
| | - Dengpan Bu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Z.G.); (S.G.)
- Joint Laboratory on Integrated Crop-Tree-Livestock Systems of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research (EIAR) and World Agroforestry Center (ICRAF), Beijing 100193, China
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Photobiomodulation and Oxidative Stress: 980 nm Diode Laser Light Regulates Mitochondrial Activity and Reactive Oxygen Species Production. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6626286. [PMID: 33763170 PMCID: PMC7952159 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6626286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photobiomodulation with 808 nm laser light electively stimulates Complexes III and IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, while Complexes I and II are not affected. At the wavelength of 1064 nm, Complexes I, III, and IV are excited, while Complex II and some mitochondrial matrix enzymes seem to be not receptive to photons at that wavelength. Complex IV was also activated by 633 nm. The mechanism of action of wavelengths in the range 900–1000 nm on mitochondria is less understood or not described. Oxidative stress from reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by mitochondrial activity is an inescapable consequence of aerobic metabolism. The antioxidant enzyme system for ROS scavenging can keep them under control. However, alterations in mitochondrial activity can cause an increment of ROS production. ROS and ATP can play a role in cell death, cell proliferation, and cell cycle arrest. In our work, bovine liver isolated mitochondria were irradiated for 60 sec, in continuous wave mode with 980 nm and powers from 0.1 to 1.4 W (0.1 W increment at every step) to generate energies from 6 to 84 J, fluences from 7.7 to 107.7 J/cm2, power densities from 0.13 to 1.79 W/cm2, and spot size 0.78 cm2. The control was equal to 0 W. The activity of the mitochondria's complexes, Krebs cycle enzymes, ATP production, oxygen consumption, generation of ROS, and oxidative stress were detected. Lower powers (0.1–0.2 W) showed an inhibitory effect; those that were intermediate (0.3–0.7 W) did not display an effect, and the higher powers (0.8–1.1 W) induced an increment of ATP synthesis. Increasing the power (1.2–1.4 W) recovered the ATP production to the control level. The interaction occurred on Complexes III and IV, as well as ATP production and oxygen consumption. Results showed that 0.1 W uncoupled the respiratory chain and induced higher oxidative stress and drastic inhibition of ATP production. Conversely, 0.8 W kept mitochondria coupled and induced an increase of ATP production by increments of Complex III and IV activities. An augmentation of oxidative stress was also observed, probably as a consequence of the increased oxygen consumption and mitochondrial isolation experimental conditions. No effect was observed using 0.5 W, and no effect was observed on the enzymes of the Krebs cycle.
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Krümmel B, Plötz T, Jörns A, Lenzen S, Mehmeti I. The central role of glutathione peroxidase 4 in the regulation of ferroptosis and its implications for pro-inflammatory cytokine-mediated beta-cell death. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166114. [PMID: 33662571 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines are crucial mediators of beta-cell destruction in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The involvement of ferroptosis as a form of oxidative non-apoptotic cell death in T1DM pathogenesis has not been elucidated so far. Moreover, the role of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPx4) as an antioxidative enzyme and a major regulator of ferroptosis remains elusive. Assessment of GPx4 expression in different pancreatic islet cell types revealed a predominant expression in beta-cells. Silencing of GPx4 by RNA interference and exposure to tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tert-BHP) caused ferroptosis in rat pancreatic beta-cells as evidenced by non-apoptotic cell death in association with increased lipid peroxidation, disturbed ATP synthesis, reduced GSH content, and GPx4 degradation. GPx4 overexpression as well as the ferroptosis inhibitor ferrostatin-1 effectively attenuated beta-cell death induced by tert-BHP. Notably, beta-cell toxic cytokines did not induce ferroptosis although beta-cells underwent cell death. Inhibition of iNOS by Nω-nitro-L-arginine however led to a massive lipid peroxidation upon exposure to pro-inflammatory cytokines. Hence, nitric oxide produced during pro-inflammatory cytokine action prevents the induction of ferroptosis, thereby favouring apoptosis as a primary cell death mechanism. The extraordinarily high abundance of the phospholipid hydroperoxidase GPx4 in beta-cells in contrast to the very low expression in other islet cell types points to a susceptibility of beta-cells to the accumulation of toxic lipid peroxides. Overall, these data strongly suggest that GPx4 is indispensable for beta-cell function under physiological conditions. On the other hand, our results exclude an involvement of ferroptosis as an alternative beta-cell death mode under pro-inflammatory cytokine attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Krümmel
- Institute of Experimental Diabetes Research, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Plötz
- Institute of Experimental Diabetes Research, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anne Jörns
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sigurd Lenzen
- Institute of Experimental Diabetes Research, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany; Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ilir Mehmeti
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Bhatia V, Elnagary L, Dakshinamurti S. Tracing the path of inhaled nitric oxide: Biological consequences of protein nitrosylation. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:525-538. [PMID: 33289321 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a comprehensive regulator of vascular and airway tone. Endogenous NO produced by nitric oxide synthases regulates multiple signaling cascades, including activation of soluble guanylate cyclase to generate cGMP, relaxing smooth muscle cells. Inhaled NO is an established therapy for pulmonary hypertension in neonates, and has been recently proposed for the treatment of hypoxic respiratory failure and acute respiratory distress syndrome due to COVID-19. In this review, we summarize the effects of endogenous and exogenous NO on protein S-nitrosylation, which is the selective and reversible covalent attachment of a nitrogen monoxide group to the thiol side chain of cysteine. This posttranslational modification targets specific cysteines based on the acid/base sequence of surrounding residues, with significant impacts on protein interactions and function. S-nitrosothiol (SNO) formation is tightly compartmentalized and enzymatically controlled, but also propagated by nonenzymatic transnitrosylation of downstream protein targets. Redox-based nitrosylation and denitrosylation pathways dynamically regulate the equilibrium of SNO-proteins. We review the physiological roles of SNO proteins, including nitrosohemoglobin and autoregulation of blood flow through hypoxic vasodilation, and pathological effects of nitrosylation including inhibition of critical vasodilator enzymes; and discuss the intersection of NO source and dose with redox environment, in determining the effects of protein nitrosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikram Bhatia
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Lara Elnagary
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Shyamala Dakshinamurti
- Biology of Breathing Group, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.,Section of Neonatology, Departments of Pediatrics and Physiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
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50
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Girotti AW. Nitric Oxide-elicited Resistance to Antitumor Photodynamic Therapy via Inhibition of Membrane Free Radical-mediated Lipid Peroxidation. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:653-663. [PMID: 33369741 DOI: 10.1111/php.13373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on the ability of nitric oxide (NO) to antagonize antitumor photodynamic therapy (PDT). NO's anti-PDT effects were recognized relatively recently and require a better mechanistic understanding for developing new strategies to improve PDT efficacy. Many PDT sensitizers (PSs) are amphiphilic and tend to localize in membrane compartments of tumor cells. Unsaturated lipids in these compartments can undergo peroxidative degradation after PS photoactivation. Primary Type I (free radical) vs. Type II (singlet oxygen) photochemistry of lipid peroxidation is discussed, along with light-independent turnover of primary lipid hydroperoxides to free radical species. Chain lipid peroxidation mediated by the latter exacerbates membrane damage and cytotoxicity after a PDT challenge. Our studies have shown that NO from chemical donors can suppress chain peroxidation by intercepting lipid-derived free radical intermediates, thereby protecting cancer cells against photokilling. More recent evidence has revealed that inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is dramatically upregulated in several cancer cell types after a photodynamic challenge, and that iNOS-derived NO enhances resistance as well as growth and migratory aggressiveness of surviving cells. Chain breaking by NO and other possible NO-based resistance mechanisms are discussed, along with novel pharmacologic approaches for overcoming these negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert W Girotti
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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