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Diversity and degradative capabilities of bacteria and fungi isolated from oil-contaminated and hydrocarbon-polluted soils in Kazakhstan. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:7261-7274. [PMID: 31346684 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10032-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi were isolated from eight different soil samples from different regions in Kazakhstan contaminated with oil or salt or aromatic compounds. For the isolation of the organisms, we used, on the one hand, typical hydrocarbons such as the well utilizable aliphatic alkane tetradecane, the hardly degradable multiple-branched alkane pristane, and the biaromatic compound biphenyl as enrichment substrates. On the other hand, we also used oxygenated derivatives of alicyclic and monoaromatic hydrocarbons, such as cyclohexanone and p-tert-amylphenol, which are known as problematic pollutants. Seventy-nine bacterial and fungal strains were isolated, and 32 of them that were clearly able to metabolize some of these substrates, as tested by HPLC-UV/Vis and GC-MS analyses, were characterized taxonomically by DNA sequencing. Sixty-two percent of the 32 isolated strains from 14 different genera belong to well-described hydrocarbon degraders like some Rhodococci as well as Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, Fusarium, Candida, and Yarrowia species. However, species of the bacterial genus Curtobacterium, the yeast genera Lodderomyces and Pseudozyma, as well as the filamentous fungal genera Purpureocillium and Sarocladium, which have rarely been described as hydrocarbon degrading, were isolated and shown to be efficient tetradecane degraders, mostly via monoterminal oxidation. Pristane was exclusively degraded by Rhodococcus isolates. Candida parapsilosis, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa degraded cyclohexanone, and in doing so accumulate ε-caprolactone or hexanedioic acid as metabolites. Biphenyl was transformed by Pseudomonas/Stenotrophomonas isolates. When p-tert-amylphenol was used as growth substrate, none of the isolated strains were able to use it.
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Khmelevtsova LE, Sazykin IS, Sazykina MA, Seliverstova EY. Prokaryotic cytochromes P450 (Review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683817040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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O'Reilly E, Aitken SJ, Grogan G, Kelly PP, Turner NJ, Flitsch SL. Regio- and stereoselective oxidation of unactivated C-H bonds with Rhodococcus rhodochrous. Beilstein J Org Chem 2012; 8:496-500. [PMID: 22509221 PMCID: PMC3326629 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.8.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 03/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of Rhodococcus rhodochrous (NCIMB 9703) to catalyse the regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of a range of benzyloxy-substituted heterocycles has been investigated. Incubation of 2-benzyloxytetrahydropyrans with resting cell suspensions of the organism yielded predominantly a mixture of 5-hydroxylated isomers in combined yields of up to 40%. Exposure of the corresponding 2-benzyloxytetrahydrofuran derivatives to the cell suspensions gave predominantly the 4-hydroxylated isomers in yields of up to 26%. Most interestingly, 2-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)tetrahydrofuran and 2-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)tetrahydropyran were transformed in high yields to the 4-hydroxylated and 5-hydroxylated products, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine O'Reilly
- School of Chemistry, Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7ND, UK, , Tel: +44 (0)161 3065172
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Omura T. Recollection of the early years of the research on cytochrome P450. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2011; 87:617-40. [PMID: 22156409 PMCID: PMC3311014 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.87.617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Since the publication of the first paper on "cytochrome P450" in 1962, the biochemical research on this novel hemoprotein expanded rapidly in the 1960s and the 1970s as its principal roles in various important metabolic processes including steroid hormone biosynthesis in the steroidogenic organs and drug metabolism in the liver were elucidated. Establishment of the purification procedures of microsomal and mitochondrial P450s in the middle of the 1970s together with the introduction of molecular biological techniques accelerated the remarkable expansion of the research on P450 in the following years. This review paper summarizes the important developments in the research on P450 in the early years, for about two decades from the beginning, together with my personal recollections.
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Robert FO, Pandhal J, Wright PC. Exploiting cyanobacterial P450 pathways. Curr Opin Microbiol 2010; 13:301-6. [PMID: 20299274 DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2010.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 02/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450s are hemoprotein oxygenases involved in natural product synthetic pathways. Cyanobacteria are oxygenic photosynthetic microorganisms and are considered a rich source of natural products, and are now known to harbour P450s. A variety of cyanobacterial species have been found to contain multiple copies of P450s in their genomes, and over 100 have been predicted. Interestingly, some are membrane-bound as in eukaryotes, as opposed to cytoplasmic in bacteria. Furthermore, they can complement plant P450s and perform bioremediation of oil spills by the breakdown of alkanes. Functional expression of a selection Nostoc spp. P450s in Escherichia coli, with associated enzymes, has successfully produced the sesquiterpenes--germacradienol, germacrene and B-elemene, although others have failed for undetermined reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faith O Robert
- ChELSI Institute, Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, The University of Sheffield, Mappin Street, S1 3JD, Sheffield, UK
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Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzyme system consists of P450 and its NAD(P)H-linked reductase or reducing system, and catalyses monooxygenation reactions. The most prevalent type in eukaryotic organisms is 'microsomes type', which consists of membrane-bound P450 and NADPH-P450 reductase. The second type is 'mitochondria type', in which P450 is bound to the inner membrane while the reducing system consisting of an NADPH-linked flavoprotein and a ferredoxin-type iron-sulphur protein is soluble in the matrix space. The third type is 'bacteria type', in which both P450 and the reducing system are soluble in the cytoplasm. In addition to these three types, several forms of P450-reductase fusion proteins have been found in prokaryotic organisms. On the other hand, some P450s catalyse the re-arrangement of the oxygen atoms in the substrate molecules that does not require the supply of reducing equivalents for the reaction. A peculiar P450, P450nor, receives electrons directly from NADH for the reduction of nitric oxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsuneo Omura
- Kyushu University, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Fukuoka 811-8582, Japan.
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Binazadeh M, Karimi IA, Li Z. Fast biodegradation of long chain n-alkanes and crude oil at high concentrations with Rhodococcus sp. Moj-3449. Enzyme Microb Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2009.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Gunsalus IC, Marshall VP, Ribbons DW. Monoterpene Dissimilation: Chemical and Genetic Models. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.3109/10408417109104484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sabirova JS, Ferrer M, Regenhardt D, Timmis KN, Golyshin PN. Proteomic insights into metabolic adaptations in Alcanivorax borkumensis induced by alkane utilization. J Bacteriol 2006; 188:3763-73. [PMID: 16707669 PMCID: PMC1482905 DOI: 10.1128/jb.00072-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcanivorax borkumensis is a ubiquitous marine petroleum oil-degrading bacterium with an unusual physiology specialized for alkane metabolism. This "hydrocarbonoclastic" bacterium degrades an exceptionally broad range of alkane hydrocarbons but few other substrates. The proteomic analysis presented here reveals metabolic features of the hydrocarbonoclastic lifestyle. Specifically, hexadecane-grown and pyruvate-grown cells differed in the expression of 97 cytoplasmic and membrane-associated proteins whose genes appeared to be components of 46 putative operon structures. Membrane proteins up-regulated in alkane-grown cells included three enzyme systems able to convert alkanes via terminal oxidation to fatty acids, namely, enzymes encoded by the well-known alkB1 gene cluster and two new alkane hydroxylating systems, a P450 cytochrome monooxygenase and a putative flavin-binding monooxygenase, and enzymes mediating beta-oxidation of fatty acids. Cytoplasmic proteins up-regulated in hexadecane-grown cells reflect a central metabolism based on a fatty acid diet, namely, enzymes of the glyoxylate bypass and of the gluconeogenesis pathway, able to provide key metabolic intermediates, like phosphoenolpyruvate, from fatty acids. They also include enzymes for synthesis of riboflavin and of unsaturated fatty acids and cardiolipin, which presumably reflect membrane restructuring required for membranes to adapt to perturbations induced by the massive influx of alkane oxidation enzymes. Ancillary functions up-regulated included the lipoprotein releasing system (Lol), presumably associated with biosurfactant release, and polyhydroxyalkanoate synthesis enzymes associated with carbon storage under conditions of carbon surfeit. The existence of three different alkane-oxidizing systems is consistent with the broad range of oil hydrocarbons degraded by A. borkumensis and its ecological success in oil-contaminated marine habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Sabirova
- Institute of Microbiology, Technical University of Braunschweig, Spielmannstrasse 7, D-38106 Braunschweig, Germany.
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Mechanisms and occurrence of microbial oxidation of long-chain alkanes. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-10464-x_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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11
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Torres S, Fjetland CR, Lammers PJ. Alkane-induced expression, substrate binding profile, and immunolocalization of a cytochrome P450 encoded on the nifD excision element of Anabaena 7120. BMC Microbiol 2005; 5:16. [PMID: 15790415 PMCID: PMC1079853 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-5-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2005] [Accepted: 03/24/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alkanes have been hypothesized to act as universal inducers of bacterial cytochrome P450 gene expression. We tested this hypothesis on an unusual P450 gene (cyp110) found on a conserved 11 kilobase episomal DNA element of unknown function found in filamentous cyanobacteria. We also monitored the binding of potential substrates to the P450 protein and explored the distribution of P450 protein in vegetative cells and nitrogen-fixing heterocysts using immuno-electron microscopy. Results Hexadecane treatments resulted in a two-fold increase in mRNA, and a four-fold increase in P450 protein levels relative to control cultures. Hexane, octane and dodecane were toxic and induced substantial changes in membrane morphology. Long-chain saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were shown to bind the CYP110 protein using a spectroscopic spin-shift assay, but alkanes did not bind. CYP110 protein was detected in vegetative cells but not in differentiated heterocysts where nitrogen fixation occurs. Conclusion Hexadecane treatment was an effective inducer of CYP110 expression in cyanobacteria. Based on substrate binding profiles and amino acid sequence similarities it is hypothesized that CYP110 is a fatty acid ω-hydroxylase in photosynthetic cells. CYP110 was found associated with membrane fractions unlike other soluble microbial P450 proteins, and in this regard CYP110 more closely resembles eukarytotic P450s. Substrate stablization is an unlikely mechanism for alkane induction because alkanes did not bind to purified CYP110 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Conrad R Fjetland
- University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Peter J Lammers
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
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Mikolasch A, Hammer E, Schauer F. Synthesis of imidazol-2-yl amino acids by using cells from alkane-oxidizing bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2003; 69:1670-9. [PMID: 12620858 PMCID: PMC150088 DOI: 10.1128/aem.69.3.1670-1679.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sixty-one strains of alkane-oxidizing bacteria were tested for their ability to oxidize N-(2-hexylamino-4-phenylimidazol-1-yl)-acetamide to imidazol-2-yl amino acids applicable for pharmaceutical purposes. After growth with n-alkane, 15 strains formed different imidazol-2-yl amino acids identified by chemical structure analysis (mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry). High yields of imidazol-2-yl amino acids were produced by the strains Gordonia rubropertincta SBUG 105, Gordonia terrae SBUG 253, Nocardia asteroides SBUG 175, Rhodococcus erythropolis SBUG 251, and Rhodococcus erythropolis SBUG 254. Biotransformation occurred via oxidation of the alkyl side chain and produced 1-acetylamino-4-phenylimidazol-2-yl-6-aminohexanoic acid and the butanoic acid derivative. In addition, the acetylamino group of these products and of the substrate was transformed to an amino group. The product pattern as well as the transformation pathway of N-(2-hexylamino-4-phenylimidazol-1-yl)-acetamide differed in the various strains used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Mikolasch
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, F.-L.-Jahn-Strasse 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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Smits TH, Röthlisberger M, Witholt B, van Beilen JB. Molecular screening for alkane hydroxylase genes in Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains. Environ Microbiol 1999; 1:307-17. [PMID: 11207749 DOI: 10.1046/j.1462-2920.1999.00037.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have developed highly degenerate oligonucleotides for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of genes related to the Pseudomonas oleovorans GPo1 and Acinetobacter sp. ADP1 alkane hydroxylases, based on a number of highly conserved sequence motifs. In all Gram-negative and in two out of three Gram-positive strains able to grow on medium- (C6-C11) or long-chain n-alkanes (C12-C16), PCR products of the expected size were obtained. The PCR fragments were cloned and sequenced and found to encode peptides with 43.2-93.8% sequence identity to the corresponding fragment of the P. oleovorans GPo1 alkane hydroxylase. Strains that were unable to grow on n-alkanes did not yield PCR products with homology to alkane hydroxylase genes. The alkane hydroxylase genes of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus EB104 and Pseudomonas putida P1 were cloned using the PCR products as probes. The two genes allow an alkane hydroxylase-negative mutant of Acinetobacter sp. ADP1 and an Escherichia coli recombinant containing all P. oleovorans alk genes except alkB, respectively, to grow on n-alkanes, showing that the cloned genes do indeed encode alkane hydroxylases.
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MESH Headings
- Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/enzymology
- Acinetobacter calcoaceticus/genetics
- Alkanes/metabolism
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Base Sequence
- Blotting, Southern
- Cloning, Molecular
- Cytochrome P-450 CYP4A
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/chemistry
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics
- Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/metabolism
- DNA Primers
- DNA, Bacterial/analysis
- DNA, Bacterial/genetics
- DNA, Ribosomal/analysis
- DNA, Ribosomal/genetics
- Genes, Bacterial
- Genes, rRNA
- Gram-Negative Bacteria/enzymology
- Gram-Negative Bacteria/genetics
- Gram-Negative Bacteria/growth & development
- Gram-Positive Bacteria/enzymology
- Gram-Positive Bacteria/genetics
- Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development
- Mixed Function Oxygenases/chemistry
- Mixed Function Oxygenases/genetics
- Mixed Function Oxygenases/metabolism
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Pseudomonas putida/enzymology
- Pseudomonas putida/genetics
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics
- Sequence Alignment
- Sequence Analysis, DNA
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Smits
- Institute of Biotechnology, ETH Hönggerberg, Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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15
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Enzymatic study on acetanilidep-hydroxylase inStreptomyces fradiae. Arch Pharm Res 1992. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02974057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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O'Keefe DP, Harder PA. Occurrence and biological function of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases in the actinomycetes. Mol Microbiol 1991; 5:2099-105. [PMID: 1766383 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02139.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Many species within the order Actinomycetales contain one or more soluble cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, often substrate-inducible and responsible for a variety of xenobiotic transformations. The individual cytochromes exhibit a relatively broad substrate specificity, and some strains have the capacity to synthesize large amounts of the protein(s) to compensate for low catalytic turnover with some substrates. All three of the Streptomyces cytochromes sequenced to date are exclusive members of one P450 family, CYP105. In several instances, monooxygenase activity arises from induction of a P450 and associated ferredoxin, or of a P450 only, suggesting that some essential electron donor proteins (reductase and ferredoxin) are not co-ordinately regulated with the cytochrome. The overall properties of these systems suggest an adaptive strategy whose twofold purpose is to maintain a competitive advantage via the production of secondary metabolites, and, whenever possible, to utilize unusual growth substrates by introducing metabolites from these reactions into the more substrate-specific primary metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- D P O'Keefe
- Central Research and Development Department, E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company, Inc., Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0402
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Romesser JA, O'Keefe DP. Induction of cytochrome P-450-dependent sulfonylurea metabolism in Streptomyces griseolus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1986; 140:650-9. [PMID: 3778474 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(86)90781-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Inducible cometabolism of several sulfonylurea herbicides by Streptomyces griseolus has been shown to occur by hydroxylation, O-dealkylation, or deesterification reactions. Only after growth of the bacterium in the presence of sulfonylurea did cell-free extracts exhibit NAD(P)H-dependent sulfonylurea metabolism. These extracts were shown to contain elevated levels of soluble cytochrome P-450 and exhibit sulfonylurea induced difference spectra consistent with binding of substrate to cytochrome(s) P-450. These results establish the presence of an inducible cytochrome P-450-dependent sulfonylurea metabolizing system in S. griseolus.
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Sutherland JB. Demethylation of Veratrole by Cytochrome P-450 in
Streptomyces setonii. Appl Environ Microbiol 1986; 52:98-100. [PMID: 16347120 PMCID: PMC203400 DOI: 10.1128/aem.52.1.98-100.1986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The actinomycete
Streptomyces setonii
75Vi2 demethylates vanillic acid and guaiacol to protocatechuic acid and catechol, respectively, and then metabolizes the products by the β-ketoadipate pathway. UV spectroscopy showed that this strain could also metabolize veratrole (1,2-dimethoxybenzene). When grown in veratrole-containing media supplemented with 2,2′-dipyridyl to inhibit cleavage of the aromatic ring,
S. setonii
accumulated catechol, which was detected by both liquid chromatography and gas chromatography. Reduced cell extracts from veratrole-grown cultures, but not sodium succinate-grown cultures, produced a carbon monoxide difference spectrum with a peak at 450 nm that indicated the presence of soluble cytochrome P-450. Addition of veratrole or guaiacol to oxidized cell extracts from veratrole-grown cultures produced difference spectra that indicated that these compounds were substrates for cytochrome P-450. My results suggest that
S. setonii
produces a cytochrome P-450 that is involved in the demethylation of veratrole and guaiacol to catechol, which is then catabolized by the β-ketoadipate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Sutherland
- Institute of Wood Research and the BioSource Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan 49931
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Boxenbaum H. Interspecies pharmacokinetic scaling and the evolutionary-comparative paradigm. Drug Metab Rev 1984; 15:1071-121. [PMID: 6396053 DOI: 10.3109/03602538409033558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Müller HG, Mauersberger S, Schunck WH, Wiedmann B. Enzym-Induktion in der HefeLodderomyces in Gegenwart vonn-Alkanen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3630230913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Schunck WH, Riege P, Honeck H, Müller HG. Isolierung und Rekonstitution des Alkan-Monooxygenase-Systems der HefeLodderomyces elongisporus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.3630231007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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23
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de Bont J, van Ginkel C, Tramper J, Luyben K. Ethylene oxide production by immobilized Mycobacterium Py1 in a gas-solid bioreactor. Enzyme Microb Technol 1983. [DOI: 10.1016/0141-0229(83)90065-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Honeck H, Schunck WH, Riege P, Müller HG. The cytochrome P-450 alkane monooxygenase system of the yeast Lodderomyces elongisporus: purification and some properties of the NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1982; 106:1318-24. [PMID: 6810895 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(82)91257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Berg A. Characterization of the ferredoxin Component of the steroid 15 beta-hydroxylases system from Bacillus megaterium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1982; 105:303-11. [PMID: 6807300 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(82)80045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Trinn M, K�ppeli O, Fiechter A. Occurrence of cytochrome P450 in continuous cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00499508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bont J, Attwood M, Primrose S, Harder W. Epoxidation of short chain alkenes inMycobacteriumE20: The involvement of a specific mono-oxygenase. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1979. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1979.tb04306.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Rosazza JP, Smith RV. Microbial models for drug metabolism. ADVANCES IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 1979; 25:169-208. [PMID: 397736 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2164(08)70150-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Iida H, Kimura J, Johnson JJ, Marnett LJ. Microsomal drug hydroxylase activity of Tetrahymena pyriformis. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. C: COMPARATIVE PHARMACOLOGY 1979; 63C:381-7. [PMID: 40754 DOI: 10.1016/0306-4492(79)90090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Wiseman A, Lim TK, Woods LF. Regulation of the biosynthesis of cytochrome P-450 in brewer's yeast. Role of cyclic AMP. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 1978; 544:615-23. [PMID: 215227 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(78)90335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The drug metabolising enzyme cytochrome P-450 has been studied in great detail in mammalian systems and its presence in microorganisms is also well established. However, neither its function nor its means of control in brewer's yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, has been investigated. We demonstrate here using yeast protoplasts that it is the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP which controls, by repression, the de novo synthesis of the enzyme, and also that cyclic AMP concentrations are in turn inversely related to the concentration of glucose in the yeast growth medium.
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Markovetz AJ. Intermediates from the microbial oxidation of aliphatic hydrocarbons. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02911907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. J. Markovetz
- ; Department of Microbiology; University of Iowa; Iowa City 52242 Iowa
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Callen DF. A review of the metabolism of xenobiotics by microorganisms with relation to short-term test systems for environmental carcinogens. Mutat Res 1978; 55:153-63. [PMID: 107441 DOI: 10.1016/0165-1110(78)90002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Lecointe P, Lesca P, Cros S, Paoletti C. Some antitumor derivatives of ellipticine deprived of mutagenic properties. Chem Biol Interact 1978; 20:113-21. [PMID: 630641 DOI: 10.1016/0009-2797(78)90086-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Seven derivatives of the antitumor alkaloid ellipticine were assayed for activity against murine leukaemia L1210 and for mutagenicity in Ames' Salmonella-microsomes test. Not only did the results show a complete lack of correlation between these two properties, but it was possible to choose a highly efficient analog which was completely devoid of mutagenic and hence, probably, carcinogenic effect. The lack of interaction of this product (2-methyl-9-hydroxyellipticinium acetate) with Cytochrome P-450 of hepatic monooxygenases prevents the formation of reactive intermediates and their subsequent binding to DNA. These data are discussed in view of the currently admitted mode of action of ellipticines i.e., intercalation in DNA and their therapeutic use.
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Abstract
The marine bacterium L.16.1 (Alcaligenes sp.) grows preferentially on alkanes (C10 to C18) with a very high growth yield (98 per cent); optimal growth depends strictly on the presence of a well-defined NaCl concentration (100 mM). Our strain is constitutive for the enzymatic systems responsible for the oxidation of alkanes to fatty acids, i.e. NADH-dependent hydroxylase, alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases, the latter of which located at the cytoplasmic membrane level. The aerobic oxidation of primary alcohols by particulate extracts prepared in the presence of 400 mM NaCl is NAD+-dependent (Km = 0.082 mM, Vmax = 238 with decanol). With extracts prepared in the absence of NaCl, Vmax undergoes a very strong decrease. On the contrary , the NAD+ (P)+-dependent oxidation of aldehydes is carried out anaerobically by the same extracts irrespective of the presence or the absence of added Na+ in the solutions used for the preparation of these extracts. A possible explanation for our results could be that Na+ acts on the enzymatic systems for which the maintenance of the membrane integrity is essential. This interpretation is consistent with the slowing down of the growth speed accompanying the decrease of NaCl concentration in the growth medium. With regard to alcohol and aldehyde-dehydrogenases, it is noteworthy that these enzymes behave like similar enzymatic activities induced by alkanes in other microorganisms.
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Berg A, Gustafsson JA, Ingelman-Sundberg M. Characterization of a cytochrome P-450-dependent steroid hydroxylase system present in Bacillus megaterium. J Biol Chem 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)33564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Patel R, Hou CT, Felix A. Inhibition of dimethyl ether and methane oxidation in Methylococcus capsulatus and Methylosinus trichosporium. J Bacteriol 1976; 126:1017-9. [PMID: 4428 PMCID: PMC233246 DOI: 10.1128/jb.126.2.1017-1019.1976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal-chelating or -binding agents inhibited the oxidation of dimethyl ether and methane, but not methanol, by cell suspensions of Methylococcus capsulatus and Methylosinus trichosporium. Evidence suggests that the involvement of metal-containing enzymatic systems in the initial step of oxidation of dimethyl ether and methane.
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Berg A, Carlstrom K, Gustafsson JA, Ingelman-Sundberg M. Demonstration of a cytochrome P-450-dependent steroid 15beta-hydroxylase in Bacillus megaterium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1975; 66:1414-23. [PMID: 811222 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(75)90517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ruettinger RT, Olson ST, Boyer RF, Coon MJ. Identification of the omega-hydroxylase of Pseudomonas oleovorans as a nonheme iron protein requiring phospholipid for catalytic activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1974; 57:1011-7. [PMID: 4830742 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(74)90797-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
Pathways of initial oxidation of n-alkanes were examined in two strains of Cladosporium resinae. Cells grow on dodecane and hexadecane and their primary alcohol and monoic acid derivatives. The homologous aldehydes do not support growth but are oxidized by intact cells and by cell-free preparations. Hexane and its derivatives support little or no growth, but cell extracts oxidize hexane, hexanol, and hexanal. Alkane oxidation by extracts is stimulated by reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate). Alcohol and aldehyde oxidation are stimulated by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate), and reduced coenzymes accumulate in the presence of cyanide or azide. Extracts supplied with (14)C-hexadecane convert it to the alcohol, aldehyde, and acid. Therefore, the major pathway for initial oxidation of n-alkanes is via the primary alcohol, aldehyde, and monoic acid, and the system can act on short-, intermediate-, and long-chain substrates. Thus, filamentous fungi appear to oxidize n-alkanes by pathways similar to those used by bacteria and yeasts.
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Duppel W, Lebeault JM, Coon MJ. Properties of a yeast cytochrome P-450-containing enzyme system which catalyzes the hydroxylation of fatty acids, alkanes, and drugs. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1973; 36:583-92. [PMID: 4147203 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1973.tb02948.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Gallo M, Bertrand JC, Roche B, Azoulay E. Alkane oxidation in Candida tropicalis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 296:624-38. [PMID: 4143948 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2760(73)90123-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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v Ravenswaay Claasen JC, van der LINDEN AC. Substrate specificity of the paraffin hydroxylase of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 1971; 37:339-52. [PMID: 5000641 DOI: 10.1007/bf02218504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Yano I, Furukawa Y, Kusunose M. Fatty acid composition of Arthrobacter Simplex grown on hydrocarbons. Occurrence of -hydroxy-fatty acids. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1971; 23:220-8. [PMID: 5156370 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1971.tb01612.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Lebeault JM, Lode ET, Coon MJ. Fatty acid and hydrocarbon hydroxylation in yeast: role of cytochrome P-450 in Candida tropicalis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1971; 42:413-9. [PMID: 5542889 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90386-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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